Module 9 Population 知识点总结-2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语上册

M9U1 The world’s population was about 7.8 billion in 2020.
Lingling: What are you doing Tony: I'm preparing a report called "The world's population". Lingling: Well, I can help! I just watched a video about world population yesterday.It said the world's population was about 7.8 billion in 2020. And the number will climb to 8.5 billion in 2030. climb to = increase to “爬到;攀升到”
Tony: I can't believe it! That's a huge number. Which countries are seeing the most population growth the most population growth = the largest increase in population “人口数量增长最多”
Lingling: The largest increase in population will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.By 2030, India will have about 1.5 billion people. Tony: Hang on a minute! l'll make some notes! make notes = take notes记笔记
Lingling: When populations increase too fast, it can cause problems, such as too much traffic and noise. Tony: That's true. How about countries with slow-growing 增长率缓慢
populations birth rates“出生率”、death rates“死亡率
Lingling: Countries with low birth rates have problems too.There aren't enough people to do all the jobs, or enough young people to look after the older ones. “因...而感谢”
Tony: I see. Great, thanks for the information! Now I can write my report! 【要点1】prepare (动词) “准备;预备” sth. 准备某物 sth. for... 为......准备某物 prepare for sth.= get ready for sth. 为某事做准备 to do sth. 准备做某事 【要点2】called：过去分词作后置定语,译为：被称...的 【要点3】 n. 报告；汇报 report V报告;报道 ：report sth. to sb. “向某人报告某事” It is reported that... “据报道…” 【拓展】reporter (名词)“记者” 【要点4】 billion :十亿 表大概数量：billions of...数以十亿计 表具体的数量：数字+billion 相同用法：hundred，thousand，million 【要点5】 V.造成，引起 cause (sb.) sth.（给某人）造成某事 cause cause...to do sth.导致......做某事 N原因，起因 the cause of ... 的原因 【要点6】 look after = take care of“ 照顾 【要点7】 increase n.&v.增大，增长 increase by 增长了...... increase to 增长（加）到...... With the increase in...随着...的增长 【要点9】【辨析】problem 和 question 的区别 problem指需要研究、解决的问题或难题, 常与动词cause、solve 连用question指有疑问, 需要回答的问题， 常与动词ask或answer等连用
【要点10】 too much +不可数名词 太多… too many +可数名词复数 much too +形容词/副词 太.... 【要点11】number 数字 a number of = many=a lot of+名复 :大量 the number of+名复：...的数量
Unit 2 Arnwick was a city with a population of 10,000,000.
Jo is fifteen and lives in Parkville.When Jo's grandparents first came to Parkville, it was a quiet village. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10,000,000. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs. However, it was expensive to live in the city centre, so the government built flats outside the centre. Soon, Parkville became part of Arnwick, and the population of Arnwick became even larger. It is very crowded, and rubbish is also a problem. Ving动名词作主语
Jo lives in one of those flats. But for her, going to school is a problem. The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus. The traffic is always bad, not to mention the air pollution. Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick's problems with better public services. There will be more schools, so pupils won't need to travel far. The government is reducing air pollution from traffic. There will also be more local hospitals to meet the needs of the increasing population. meet the needs of ...满足...的需要
The story of Arnwick is just a story, but it describes what is happening in the real world. With populations With the population rising 随着人口的不断增长 living environment 生活环境
rising, cities should try to create a more enjoyable, comfortable and convenient living environment. 【要点1】local adj. 当地的，本地的（常在n.前作定语） cn.当地人，本地人（常用复数形式 pl. locals） 【要点2】 pollution un.污染 environmental pollution环境污染 pollute v.污染 【要点3】 public adj.公共的，公众的 短语：in public 公开地，当众 【要点4】 effort n 努力 making an effort to do sth. 努力做... 【要点5】 service cn.公共服务 /un.服务，接待 serve v.提供；接待，为（顾客）服务 【要点6】 need (V) need to do sth. 需求，需要：the need of ... 【要点7】 happen:发生，碰巧，一般用于偶然或突发性的事件 What happen to sb.=what’s the matter with Sb=what’s wrong with sb. 怎么了？ Sth. Happen to sb. 某人发生..事。 take place :发生（有计划，非偶然）
close to： 靠近...
with a population of 10,000,000：有着1千万人口
in the city centre：市中心
outside the centre：中心之外
part of：...的部分
reduce air pollution：减少空气污染