广西英语中考总复习历史、社会与文化 主题练习（无答案）

历史、社会与文化
词汇表
历 史 1．历史 (n．) history 2．战争 (n．) war 3．和平 (n．) peace 4．记忆；回忆 (n．) memory 5．王朝；朝代 (n．) dynasty 6．周年纪念日 (n．) anniversary 7．时期；时代 (n．) times 8．典礼；仪式 (n．) ceremony 9．一代(人)；代 (n．) generation 10．传统 (n．) tradition 11．瓷器 (n．) china 12．皇帝 (n．) emperor 13．女皇；皇后 (n．) empress 14．传播 (v．) spread 15．创造 (v．) create 16．发展 (v．) develop 17．古代的 (adj．) ancient 18．文化的 (adj．) cultural 19．中华文明 the Chinese civilization 20．第一次世界大战 World WarⅠ 21．第二次世界大战 World War Ⅱ
社 会 22．社会 (n．) society 23．政府 (n．) government 24．法律 (n．) law 25．规则；条例 (n．) rule 26．发展 (n．) development 27．责任 (n．) responsibility 28．精神 (n．) spirit 29．关系 (n．) relationship 30．资源 (n．) resource 31．服务 (n．) service 32．人口 (n．) population 33．情景；形势 (n．) situation 34．影响 (n．& v．) influence 35．经验；经历 (n．) experience 36．差异 (n．) difference 37．目标 (n．) goal 38．条件 (n．) condition 39．背景 (n．) background 40．习俗；风俗 (n．) custom 41．管理 (v．) manage 42．处罚 (v．) punish 43．遵循 (v．) follow 44．破坏 (v．) destroy 45．改善 (v．) improve 46．道德的 (adj．) moral
文 化 47．旗袍 (n．) qipao 48．筷子 (n．) chopsticks 49．对联 (n．) couplet 50．龙 (n．) dragon 51．谜语 (n．) riddle 52．火药 (n．) gunpowder 53．戏曲 (n．) opera 54．丝绸 (n．) silk 55．茶 (n．) tea 56．指南针 (n．) compass 57．太极 (n．) Tai Chi 58．汉服 (n．) hanfu 59．功夫 (n．) kung fu 60．剪纸 paper cutting 61．农历 lunar calender 62．花灯 festive lantern 63．印刷术 printing technique 64．丝绸之路the Silk Road 65．国画Chinese painting 66．长城the Great Wall 67．象棋Chinese chess 68．京剧Beijing opera (Peking opera) 69．中医Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 70．造纸术 paper－making technique
基础练习
谈以史为镜
佳句范例 佳句点拨
1．A lot of people who had outstanding thoughts and great achievements have influenced us till today． “who”引导的定语从句用来修饰和限定“people”；“till”引导出时间状语，说明影响的深远
2．If we take history as a mirror, we can understand ourselves better． 使用“if”引导的条件状语从句说明以史为镜的重要性
3．At its most basic, history is a mirror into ourselves, our nation, and our world． “at its most basic”意为“从根本上说”，反映出语言表达的严谨性和功底
4．The story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain reminds me that we should never give up whenever we meet difficulties． “remind”意为“提醒，使想起”，是较高级的词汇；whenever引导时间状语从句，强调从愚公身上学到的不怕困难的精神
谈社会热点
佳句范例 佳句点拨
5．It is an urgent task to reduce global warming． “It's＋n．＋to do sth．”是英语中常见的句型，使表达更丰富
6．Traffic jams have long been a problem that troubles many large cities such as New York, Tokyo, and Beijing． 使用“that”引导的定语从句提高了表达的准确性和严谨性；用“such as”举例，使表达更具有说服力
7．We can hardly live without seeing a star promote(宣传) a product on TV, net or other media． 副词“hardly”与介词“without”双重否定，强调了明星广告的影响，使表达更丰富
8．We think that the quality of food is as important as the quality of life． 使用“as … as …”结构有效地反映出“食品质量”与“生活质量”的关系
谈文化及风俗
佳句范例 佳句点拨
9．Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5，000 years ago． 使用“that”引导的宾语从句，且从句中使用了被动语态，使表达层次更丰富
10．During the Spring Festival，the pictures are put on windows，doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year． “as symbols of”意为“作为……的象征”，以此引出人们贴窗花是为了祈求好运和幸福
11．In China, you're not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food． 使用了短语“be supposed to do sth．”的否定形式，使句式更多样化
12．It is said that there is a big difference between the Eastern and Western culture． “It is said＋that从句”意为“据说……”，是一种较为正式的论述
主题练习
A: Hey, May．Guess what I bought you a gift from Xi'an．
B: It's so kind of you．1．B
A: It is a shadow puppet(皮影)．It's used in the shadow puppet play．
B: Cool! I've never heard of it before．2．D
A: Sure．It is an ancient Chinese art different from common plays．
B: What's the difference
A: The performers stand behind a white screen with lights behind it．
B: Very special．3．C
A: They move the puppets around and do the voices of the characters．
B: It must be interesting．Can I watch it
A: 4．A There will be one next Friday．
B: Where is it on
A: At Town Theater．5．F
B: Of course! I can't wait to enjoy it．
A．Yes, you're so lucky． B．What is it C．How do the performers act D．Could you introduce it to me E．No, it's not very popular among young people． F．Shall we go there together then？
一、完形填空
Fan Zhongyan was a famous scholar(学者) of the Song Dynasty．He loved learning．He used to visit a temple called Liquan Temple in the Changbai Mountains 1 Shandong Province to study．In the temple he lived with monks(和尚)．In order to 2 himself to fit in with the hard life, every day he cooked one bowl of porridge．After he 3 it, he divided it into four parts．He would eat two parts in the morning with pickles(咸菜) and the other two parts in the evening．
As soon as he finished each meal, he would go on to study．Fan Zhongyan often felt 4 ．However, he didn't change his 5 ．In the end, he read all the books in Liquan Temple．
Later Fan Zhongyan went to the Yingtianfu Academy in Jiangsu Province．There he read even more books 6 he went on to eat only four small parts of porridge each day．One of 7 classmates felt sorry for him．He tried to give Fan a lot of delicious snacks．But Fan 8 to eat them．He said, “I used to eat simple food．My only 9 is learning．”
10 he became a great man．And later people gave him the nickname of the man who “divided the porridge and chopped(切碎) the pickles”．
(　A　)1．A．in B．to C．at
(　B　)2．A．learn B．train C．hurt
(　C　)3．A．took B．bought C．cooked
(　B　)4．A．tired B．hungry C．thirsty
(　C　)5．A．orders B．plans C．habits
(　C　)6．A．so B．or C．and
(　A　)7．A．his B．your C．my
(　B　)8．A．decided B．refused C．continued
(　A　)9．A．interest B．success C．advice
(　B　)10．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Usually
二、阅读理解
A(五育之体育)
(2023滨州改编)A set of photos of a boy carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket has gone viral(走红)．
The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a member of the Va ethnic group(佤族) from Yunnan．After winning the under－14 title(冠军) in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, an audience(观众) member from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photos were taken．
“We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the field．I carried my rackets in this basket to honor my hometown，” Wang said after the match．
Before tennis, Wang was just an ordinary boy from a village．But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional tennis．“I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home，” he said．
Over the past six years, Wang, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to improve his skills and physical strength．Every day, they need to swing a racket more than 7，000 times and run 9 kilometers．
“If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farmwork back home，” Wang said．
Wang's parents didn't want him to learn tennis at first because they couldn't afford it．But the tennis club offered to teach him for free．For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful future．“I will aim for the top spots(位置) on the professional stage，” he said．
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
(　C　)1．How old was Wang Fa when he started to play professional tennis
A．Six．
B．Seven．
C．Eight．
(　C　)2．Where did Wang Fa get the bamboo basket in the photos
A．His parents gave it to him to carry rackets．
B．It was the one that he used to do farmwork．
C．One of the game audience members gave it to him．
(　B　)3．What's the purpose of Paragraph 4
A．To describe Wang's life in the club．
B．To show how Wang's life has changed．
C．To present Wang's talents in his young age．
(　A　)4．What do we know about Wang Fa
A．He is hopeful about his future．
B．His parents don't support his dream．
C．He needs to make more money for the club．
(　B　)5．What's the best title for the passage
A．The History of Tennis
B．A Basket Full of Dreams
C．Village Tennis
B(核心素养：文化意识)
(2023滨州改编)Dads have Father's Day．Moms have Mother's Day．Kids have Children's Day．But, do our grandparents have a special holiday Yes, they do!
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China．The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar(农历)．As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people．
There are many traditions for this festival．On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer．They also drink chrysanthemum wine(菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it．Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure diseases．
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life．For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up．When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest．When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands are used．On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people．
It is a traditional virtue(美德) in China to respect elderly people．That's because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from．So, Chinese people are proud of being old．Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow．
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
(　C　)6．Who is the Double Ninth Festival celebrated for
A．Fathers．
B．Mothers．
C．Elderly people．
(　A　)7．Which of the following may NOT be a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival
A．Cleaning houses．
B．Wearing the plant zhuyu．
C．Drinking chrysanthemum wine．
(　B　)8．What does the underlined word “cure” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．传播
B．治疗
C．研究
(　C　)9．What is Paragraph 4 about
A．Why we should respect elderly people．
B．Traditional ways of celebrating the festival．
C．Examples of respecting elderly people in daily life．
(　C　)10．Why are Chinese people proud of being old
A．Because it means they don't have to work for others．
B．Because it means they have more virtues than others．
C．Because it means they have knowledge and experience．
三、选词填空
seat　six　online　they　village celebrate　for　team　show　popular
The “Beautiful Countryside” basketball final competitions were held in Taipan Village of Guizhou on Saturday．The yearly event became so popular 1．online that it won a name: VBA, or Village Basketball Association．
　　The Miao people usually start the event on the 2．sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar．They 3．celebrate the traditional Chixin Festival through all kinds of activities．The most popular of them is the basketball competition．
Organized by local people, the village basketball matches have become 4．popular over the years．Local government has added more than 20，000 5．seats for people to sit on．Four 6．teams — from Qiandongnan, Tongren, Zunyi, and Bijie — competed for the championship in this two－day competition．Different Miao cultural performances were staged during the competition, and local products were 7．showed/shown in a small market in the village．
Unlike the NBA, the VBA does not have professional players．But the enthusiasm(热情)of people 8．for basketball is no less than that of the NBA．Moreover, the matches have helped the villagers make money from the tourism and realize 9．their dreams of a better life．
The two－day event draws a lot of fans from across the nation to the tiny 10．village， which has a population of about 1，200．
读写练习
理清文章
根据“一、完形填空”的文章内容，完成以下思维导图。
积累词句
在文中画出下列词组或句型，并仿写句子。
①in order to
仿写：我每天游泳以保持健康。
I go swimming every day in order to keep fit．
②as soon as
仿写：他一到这里我们就准备出发。
As soon as he gets here, we're ready to go．
③in the end
仿写：我相信你最终会成功的。
I'm sure you'll be successful in the end．
分步写作
当你跨越时间之门，打开历史之窗，你会追随谁的足迹？光明中学英语广播站推出一个专题为“My favorite historical figure(人物)” 的栏目，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．最喜欢的历史人物简介(如姓名、职业、成就等)；
2．喜欢的理由(如他/她的事迹、贡献等)；
3．你的感想。
注意：
1．词数为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4．短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：achievement(n．成就)，wisdom(n．智慧)
My favorite historical figure
In the long history of China, there are many famous historical figures．
______________________________________________________________
★审好题，搭好架→
①定文体：议论文 ②定人称：c第一人称、第三人称
③定时态：一般现在时、一般过去时
★造好句，写准句→
①My favorite historical figure is Zhuge Liang, a famous politician, who has great achievements in literature in the Three Kingdoms period．(用with改写成简单句)
My favorite historical figure is Zhuge Liang, a famous politician with great achievements in literature in the Three Kingdoms period．
②He also impresses me with his loyalty and huge amount of knowledge．(用be impressed by改写成被动语态)
I am also impressed by his loyalty and huge amount of knowledge．
★组好文，成佳作→
My favorite historical figure
In the long history of China, there are many famous historical figures．As for me, my favorite historical figure is Zhuge Liang, a famous politician with great achievements in literature in the Three Kingdoms period．He helped Liu Bei to get over the difficulties and successfully found Shu．Moreover, many articles written by him have been passed on until now．I am also impressed by his loyalty and huge amount of knowledge．At the same time, I also learn his wisdom to help more people．
There used to be a lot of great people in our history．We should learn from them．