【精品解析】广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分，听力理解，第一节，听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每小题1分）
1．（2024高一下·深圳期末） When did the man visit the National Park
A．Last September. B．Last December. C．This July.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2．（2024高一下·深圳期末） What does the woman think of Olivia
A．She is quiet. B．She is sociable. C．She is talkative.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3．（2024高一下·深圳期末） What will the man do this Tuesday
A．Attend an interview.
B．Meet his doctor.
C．Deliver a speech.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
4．（2024高一下·深圳期末） What is the man's chief consideration in choosing the cottage
A．Its location. B．Its comfort. C．Its facilities.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
二、第一部分，听力理解，第二节，听下面对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。（每小题1分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
5．What is the man's attitude towards his job
A．He is tired of the same old routine.
B．He is curious about his job prospect.
C．He is enthusiastic about this demanding job.
6．How old is the man
A．25. B．40. C．65.
【答案】5．C
6．C
【知识点】长对话
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
7．What do the speakers mainly talk about
A．Smart cities. B．Information safety. C．Energy production.
8．Which is among the man's research focuses
A．Data management. B．Equality promotion. C．Traffic release.
9．What does the man mean in the end
A．Personal information can be secured.
B．Greater security can be achieved.
C．Data leakage will never happen.
【答案】7．A
8．C
9．B
【知识点】长对话
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
10．How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year
A．30.8 billion. B．83 billion. C．95.5 billion.
11．What will be done to encourage greener packaging
A．All packages will be wrapped only once.
B．2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built.
C．New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages.
12．What is on the list
A．The wrapping products.
B．The locations of recycle stations.
C．The types of new energy vehicles.
【答案】10．C
11．C
12．A
【知识点】长对话
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What does ASO-S mainly do
A．Do solar observation.
B．Study Earth's atmosphere.
C．Make weather forecasting.
14．How long will ASO-S stay in orbit at least
A．Four years. B．Forty hours. C．Seventy years.
15．Why is ASO-S so meaningful
A．It can block the sun's radiation.
B．It may fill China's gap in the field.
C．It is the first solar satellite globally.
【答案】13．A
14．A
15．B
【知识点】长对话
三、第二部分，基础知识，单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
16．（2024高一下·深圳期末） — What's your plan for the holidays
— Well, while you are enjoying yourself on the beach, I ____ on my couch, watching Young Sheldon.
A．am sitting B．will be sitting
C．will have sat D．would sit
【答案】B
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你假期有什么计划 ——你在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。A. am sitting 现在进行时；B.will be sitting 将来进行时 ；C. will have sat 将来完成时；D.would sit 过去将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，由语意可知，对于即将到来的假期，当你正在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。故选B。
【点评】考查时态。在解答时态相关题目时，首先要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。
17．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The package ____ over 50 pounds was difficult to move ____ we struggled all day.
A．was weighed; where B．weighed; why
C．weighing; with which D．having weighed; that
【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词；“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个重达50多磅的包裹很难移动，我们吃力地搬了一整天。句子已有谓语动词was，第一空应为非谓语形式，weigh"重达"与package构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，修饰名词package；第二空：引导定语从句，短语struggle with与……斗争，应用介词with，先行词为The package，指物，作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）和定语从句。在解答非谓语动词题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。首先，在定语从句的题目中，你需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
18．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Many a house ____ in the powerful earthquake so far, so the homeless survivors have to stay in tents for the time being.
A．has been damaged B．were damaged
C．was damaged D．have been damaged
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，许多房屋在强烈地震中被破坏，因此无家可归的幸存者不得不暂时住在帐篷里。A. has been damaged 现在完成时的被动语态；B. were damaged 一般过去时的被动语态；C. was damaged 一般过去时的被动语态；D. have been damaged 现在完成时的被动语态。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据so far可知，句子的时态应为现在完成时，主语house与谓语damage"损害，破坏"构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且many a(许多)+名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数。故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态和主谓一致。在解答时态相关题目时，首先要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。要理解句子的整体含义，判断主语与谓语之间的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者而非执行者，那么句子很可能是被动语态。
19．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Considering the situation ____ can be done ____ been done to assist the affected communities.
A．all; have B．all that; have
C．all; has D．all that; has
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：考虑到目前的局势，我们已经尽了一切努力来帮助受影响的社区。第一空：结合句意可知，all作主语，can be done为从句的谓语，定语从句中，all为先行词时只用that，作主语，不可省略；第二空：all作主语，指情况或事情时，主句谓语动词用单数。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和主谓一致。首先，在定语从句的题目中，需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。在解答主谓一致题目时，首先要识别主语，仔细阅读题目，准确识别出句子的主语，主语可能是单个名词、代词、短语或从句，注意主语的数，即它是单数还是复数。分析谓语，确定谓语动词的数与主语是否一致，注意谓语动词的特殊用法，如系动词"be"的单复数形式，以及某些动词的特殊变形。应用原则，根据语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，分析并确定谓语动词的正确形式，特别注意那些容易混淆的情况，如集体名词、分数或百分数+名词短语、由连词连接的主语等。
20．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The beautiful and charming song has been heard ____ many times today.
A．to broadcast B．being broadcast
C．broadcasting D．broadcast
【答案】D
【知识点】分词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：这首美丽迷人的歌曲今天已经被播放了很多次。根据句型分析可知，此句考查hear sth. done表"听见某事被做"，为固定动词短语。其中sth.作为hear的宾语，done是过去分词做形容词补充说明sth.的状态。本句hear后的宾语为"the beautiful and charming song "，提前放句首变为被动句的主语，与broadcast为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
21．（2024高一下·深圳期末） After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region.
A．surrounded; were trapped
B．being surrounded; trapped
C．surrounded; having been trapped
D．having been surrounded; were trapped
【答案】B
【知识点】动名词；分词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：在被洪水包围之后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。句中已有谓语动词suffered，且无连词，故空处都应是非谓语形式，第一空：after为介词，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，Henan province与surround"包围"为被动关系，则使用being done的形式；第二空：tourists与trap"把……困在"为被动关系，则使用过去分词trapped，构成独立主格结构。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词以及过去分词）。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
22．（2024高一下·深圳期末） To be frank, little do I know whether the project is practical ____. But if you don't object to it, ____.
A．to carry out; neither will I
B．to be carried out; so do I
C．carrying out; nor do I
D．carried out; so it is with me.
【答案】A
【知识点】倒装句；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：坦率地说，我不知道这个项目是否可行。但如果你不反对，我也不会。第一空为be adj. to do，主动表被动，故应填to carry out；第二空：结合句意可知空处表示"我也不" ，用部分倒装"neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词等+主语"结构，此处表示将来应用will，故应填neither will I。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）及部分倒装。在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
23．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Adults, ____ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ____ children do not.
A．unless; but B．when; where
C．although; and D．even if; unless
【答案】B
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：成年人过分关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们却能看到其中的快乐。第一空引导时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，表示"当……时候"应用when；第二空引导定语从句，从句完整句子为children do not fail to see the joy，从句缺状语，修饰先行词simple things，指代抽象概念的事物，应用关系副词where。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句和定语从句。在解答状语从句相关题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。首先，在定语从句的题目中，你需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
24．（2024高一下·深圳期末） It must be the reason ____ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture ____ led the academic committee to question his research design.
A．why; that B．which; which C．which; that D．that; which
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：一定是约翰逊博士在演讲中回避讨论的原因导致学术委员会对他的研究设计提出质疑。第一空引导定语从句修饰先行词reason，且空后discuss（及物动词） 缺少宾语，引导词用关系代词which/that；第二空为强调句：It be+被强调部分+that/who(当强调主语且指人)+其他部分，被强调部分是the reason，用that。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句和强调句。首先，在定语从句的题目中，要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。在解答强调句的题目时，首先要阅读题干和选项，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别强调句结构，判断题目中的句子是否符合强调句的结构特征。分析句子成分，确定被强调部分和谓语动词等关键成分。理解语法规则和特殊用法，运用强调句的语法规则和特殊用法进行解题。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的连词、时态、语态等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：强调句与从句的辨析，有时强调句与其他从句（如定语从句、主语从句等）在结构上相似，容易混淆。解题时需要仔细分析句子结构和逻辑关系，判断其是否为强调句。强调句中的谓语动词通常与被强调部分保持一致，特别是当强调主语时，要特别注意谓语动词的数和时态。
25．（2024高一下·深圳期末） ____ by those she trusted feels as if the world ____ turning its back on her.
A．Being let down; were B．Let down; was
C．Having let down; was D．Letting down; were
【答案】A
【知识点】虚拟语气；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：被她信任的人辜负，感觉好像整个世界都在背弃她。第一空动名词作主语，且let down与she构成被动关系，故用being done形式 ；第二空as if 引导的从句使用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，be动词用were。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）及虚拟语气。在解答虚拟语气题目时。首先要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别虚拟语气，根据句中的情态动词、特定结构或时态等标志判断句子是否包含虚拟语气。分析句子结构，确定主从句关系并判断时态是否符合虚拟语气的规则。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的时态、语态和语法结构等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：虚拟语气题目往往需要根据语境和句意来判断。有时即使句子结构相似，但由于语境不同，也可能需要使用不同的虚拟语气形式。因此，在解题时要仔细阅读题干和选项，理解句子的整体意思和语境。解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
26．（2024高一下·深圳期末） ____ sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears ____ down on purpose.
A．Seen to cry; fall B．Seen crying; falling
C．To be seen crying; falling D．To been seen to cry; fall
【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词；分词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了让别人看到他伤心地哭，小男孩抬起头，故意让眼泪掉下来。第一空结合句意可知"小男孩为了被看见他正哭的很伤心"；根据on purpose表明小男孩的心机，为了被看见，表目的；第二空：结合句意可知"他让自己的眼泪落下来（主动，持续状态）"，应用现在分词形式。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式以及现在分词）。解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
27．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Never had they tasted such strange flavor before ____ was unique to this remote mountain village, ____ ingredients were simple but quite rare.
A．that; whose B．as; which C．as; whose D．which; where
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们从来没有尝过这个偏远山村独有的奇怪味道，那些食材简单却很罕见。第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，flavor是先行词，从句缺主语，先行词被such修饰时，应使用关系代词 as；第二空为关系词引导非限制性定语从句，mountain village是先行词，它和ingredients为所属关系，所以使用whose作定语引导定语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
28．（2024高一下·深圳期末） A large amount of research suggests that people ____ little about the importance of sustainable living and it's time we ____ measures to change this situation.
A．should care; should take B．have cared; take
C．will care; take D．care; took
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：大量的研究表明，人们很少关心可持续生活的重要性，现在是我们采取措施改变这种状况的时候了。第一空在从句中作谓语，当 suggest意为"暗示； 表明"时，其后的从句不用虚拟语气，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；第二空在从句中作谓语，在"It's（high/about） time that..."句型中，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或"should＋动词原形"。故选D。
【点评】考查时态（一般现在时）和虚拟语气。在解答虚拟语气题目时。首先要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别虚拟语气，根据句中的情态动词、特定结构或时态等标志判断句子是否包含虚拟语气。分析句子结构，确定主从句关系并判断时态是否符合虚拟语气的规则。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的时态、语态和语法结构等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：虚拟语气题目往往需要根据语境和句意来判断。有时即使句子结构相似，但由于语境不同，也可能需要使用不同的虚拟语气形式。因此，在解题时要仔细阅读题干和选项，理解句子的整体意思和语境。在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
29．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The worsening living conditions on the Carteret Islands finally resulted in ____ we called the relocation of all the islanders, ____ which arose the problem of losing their traditions and celebrations.
A．which; at B．what; from C．which; on D．what; in
【答案】B
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：卡特雷特群岛上日益恶化的生活条件最终导致了我们所说的所有岛民的重新安置，由此产生了失去其传统和庆祝活动的问题。第一空为连接词引导的宾语从句作resulted in的宾语，从句中缺少called的宾语，指的是事情，所以使用连接代词what；第二空为介词与空后的which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面提到的内容，结合句意可知，此处应与arise构成固定短语，arise from意为"由……引起"符合句意，所以第二空应为介词from。故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句和介词辨析。在解答宾语从句题目时，首先，要明确什么是宾语从句。宾语从句是指在句子中作宾语的从句，即位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后的从句。宾语从句的解题主要围绕三大要素进行：引导词、语序和时态。在解题过程中，可以先通过排除法缩小选项范围。例如，可以先看选项的语序是否正确，如果语序是疑问语序，则直接排除。然后，根据句子的语境和时态要求，进一步排除不符合条件的选项。宾语从句中还有一些特殊用法和陷阱需要注意。例如：当主句谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等词时，如果宾语从句的意思是否定的，常把否定转移至主句表示。当从句作宾语且后面还有补足语时，有时需要用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。还要注意区分that引导宾语从句和强调句的区别等。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体含义和上下文关系，根据语境判断介词的正确用法，避免生搬硬套或误解句意。
30．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Has the doctor ever encountered a case ____ he was unable to cure the patient ____ their long-standing illness
A．that; of B．when; with
C．in which; with D．where; of
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；关系副词引导定语从句的用法；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：医生是否曾遇到过无法治愈病人长期患病的情况？第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，case是先行词，意为"阶段，情况"，是一个抽象名词，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句；第二空为固定短语cure sb of sth意为"治愈某人的病"，所以第二空为介词of。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和动词短语辨析。理解含义，不仅要记住动词短语的形式，还要准确理解其含义和用法。理解语境，在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义。根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围。将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
四、第三部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
North Rim to reopen on June 2 with limited services available
News Release Date: May 17, 2023
Contact: Joělle Baird, 928-606-3154
Grand Canyon, Ariz.
The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. A landslide from winter storms destroyed more than 300 feet of the North Rim water pipeline.
Visitor Services
The Grand Canyon Lodge will operate day-use services with limited food and beverage service beginning on June 2. No overnight accommodations will be available until at least July 23, 2023.
The North Rim Campground, managed by the National Park Service, will operate as scheduled beginning on June 9 with portable drinking water and toilets available. The public laundry and shower facilities will not be open at least through July 23, 2023. The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy's bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered.
Visitors exploring the North Rim this summer should be self-sufficient and should bring adequate food and water for the day as services are limited and may be subject to change. Nearby, accommodating is available at the Kaibab Lodge and food services and fuel at the North Rim Country Store. Year-round accommodating, food service and fuel are located 45 miles north of the North Rim at Jaco Lake. As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. There is a trail closure in effect on the North Kaibab Trail and it will officially reopen on June 16, 2023.
31．Which was not affected and opens as usual
A．The public laundry.
B．The Grand Canyon Lodge.
C．The North Kaibab Trail.
D．The North Rim Visitor Center.
32．What can we learn about the North Kaibab Trail from the text
A．It offers food service.
B．It is around Jacob Lake.
C．It is under repair now.
D．It opens all the year around.
33．What is the purpose of the text
A．To warn visitors of the oncoming landslide.
B．To inform visitors of schedules of some attractions.
C．To appeal to more visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park.
D．To advertise the products of the Grand Canyon National Park.
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy's bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered. (北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)"可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据最后一段"As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. (由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)"可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据Grand Canyon, Ariz下"The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. (大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)"及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each.
When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet.
Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year.
Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it's on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn't always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors.
"There's value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations", says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn.
Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. "Because I recycle it doesn't mean I am less of a person than anyone else," she says.
Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings.
34．What is the author's purpose of telling about Marin
A．To highlight waste collectors' role.
B．To reflect laid-off workers' hardship.
C．To praise her devotion to her daughter.
D．To show the seriousness of unemployment.
35．How does the author show the importance of waste pickers' work
A．By contrasting. B．By citing reference.
C．By giving definitions. D．By cause-effect analysis.
36．What would Marin agree with
A．Business is business.
B．No job is noble or humble.
C．The early bird catches worms.
D．One good turn deserves another.
37．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Legal Battles Over Public Garbage Ownership
B．The History of Recycling Laws in the United States
C．The Rise of Corporate Recycling Programs in New York
D．The Struggles and Contributions of New York's Recyclers
【答案】34．A
35．A
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；环境保护类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
34．推理判断题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段"Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可以推论出，作者讲述马林的故事目的是突出拾荒者的作用。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第三段的句子"In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可知，作者是通过对比来说明垃圾收集者的重要性。故选A。
36．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. "Because I recycle it doesn't mean I am less of a person than anyone else," she says. (不管承认与否，拾荒者长期以来一直受到不尊重。马林回忆说，有一次，她正在收集易拉罐，隔壁的人向她泼水。她说:"因为我回收利用，并不意味着我比其他人更不像一个人。")"可知，马林认为工作没有高低贵贱之分。故选B。
37．主旨大意题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段"Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可知，本文主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。所以，用D项"The Struggles and Contributions of New York's Recyclers"作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选D。
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
There has been tremendous concern recently over misinformation on social media. This concern is quite justifiable, as the consequences of believing false information are greatly affecting the individual and collective health.
Many people tend to fall for misinformation they encounter online. There is one influential explanation for this phenomenon. As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation.
This argument sounds perfectly plausible. Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information. There's even less understanding of the potential link between digital literacy and what people share on social media. A group of MIT researchers explored these potential associations by surveying 1,341 Americans.
In the experiment, the researchers first showed the participants two dozen news headlines about politics, half of which were accurate, and half of which were false. In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media.
The researchers found "clear evidence" that digital literacy was a strong predictor of accuracy discernment (识别能力). However, the results were "strikingly different" regarding sharing discernment. Digitally literate subjects were just as likely to share inaccurate information. Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking "share" for false news.
This sounds odd. Although most people don't want to spread misinformation, social media is distracting: people are scrolling quickly, and their attention is drawn to social validation (社会认知度), such as how many likes their posts will get. So make sure a certain post is accurate before you click the "share" button.
38．What does the popular theory about people's believing online misinformation highlight
A．The ability to engage in the digital spaces.
B．The popularity of consuming digital content.
C．The low cost of spreading misinformation online.
D．The significance of limiting fake information online.
39．What does the word "plausible" underlined in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Distinctive. B．Sensible. C．Distant. D．Meaningful.
40．What did the researchers aim to do in the second phase of the study
A．Test respondents' attitudes towards political news.
B．Figure out respondents' favorite online content.
C．Assess respondents' willingness to share posts.
D．Determine respondents' levels of digital literacy.
41．What can the researchers conclude about digital literacy from the experiment
A．It can be enhanced through practice.
B．It varies due to people's political beliefs.
C．It doesn't stop the spread of misinformation.
D．It isn't helpful in identifying misinformation.
【答案】38．A
39．B
40．D
41．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过实验揭示出人们识别不出网上虚假信息的原因是因为他们的注意力被社会认可所吸引造成的，而不是与数字素养有关。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段"As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation.(按照这种思路，一个人在发现和消费数字内容、创造数字内容和传播数字内容方面的技能非常有限，他很可能难以识别虚假信息，因此更容易相信虚假信息。因此，这些不太懂数字的人可能会在错误信息的传播中发挥重要作用。)"可知，关于人们相信网络错误信息的流行理论强调了参与数字空间的能力。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线单词后"Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information.(然而，很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系。)"可知，前后句之间为转折关系，说明这个论点只是表面上听起来很有道理，实际上却很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系，推断出plausible意为"有道理"，和sensible意思一致。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第四段"In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media.(在第二阶段，他们进行了一系列测试：让参与者报告他们对各种互联网相关术语的熟悉程度，并回答有关社交媒体平台如何决定在其新闻推送中显示哪些内容的问题。最后，参与者被要求评估一组标题的准确性，并指出他们在社交媒体上分享这些标题的可能性。)"可知，研究人员在研究的第二阶段做测试的目的是确定受访者的数字素养水平。故选D。
41．推理判断题。根据第五段"Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking "share" for false news.(最令人惊讶的是，即使是数字素养高的人也无法避免点击"分享"来获取虚假新闻。)"可知，从实验中，研究人员可以得出关于数字素养的结论是这并不能阻止错误信息的传播。故选C。
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
We credit Socrates with the insight that "the unexamined life is not worth living," and that to "know thyself" is the path to true wisdom.
But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the "rumination" (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression.
Instead, scientific research suggests that you should adopt an ancient method favored by the likes of Julius Caesar, known as "illeism" which was coined in 1809 from the Latin "ille" meaning "he". The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand.
A study finds that illeism can also bring long-term benefits to wise reasoning (including elements like taking the perspective of others, recognizing uncertainty, and so on). The finding is the brainchild of Igor Grossmann, a psychologist. According to Grossmann, wise reasoning had long been considered too vague for scientific enquiry. In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful.
Grossmann's latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they'd just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test.
While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise.
Grossmann's work continues to prove that the subject of wisdom is worthy of experimental studies, indicating wiser reasoning is within everyone's power.
42．What can be learned about ruminative thinking
A．It's often adopted by negative people.
B．It causes people to become self-centered.
C．It's far from an advisable tackling strategy.
D．It ignores people's inner thoughts and feelings.
43．Which of the following shows the advantage of illeism
A．Helping people win in an argument.
B．Enabling people to stabilize their emotions.
C．Encouraging people to see their own strengths.
D．Offering people a fresh perspective of viewing issues.
44．What do Grossman's statements in paragraph 4 imply
A．Various factors can develop wise reasoning.
B．People's wise reasoning can be measurable.
C．The study of wisdom is rather complicated.
D．Wise reasoning's benefits are scientifically proven.
45．How do the researchers come to the conclusion of their study
A．By assessing diary keeping's impact on reasoning.
B．By comparing each participant's two sets of scores.
C．By testing participants' ability to handle disagreements.
D．By gaining participants' attitudes to the first person thinking.
【答案】42．C
43．D
44．B
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"沉思"思维模式的特点以及研究过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段"But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the "rumination" (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression.(但当涉及到内省时，你可能很容易陷入"沉思"模式。这种模式很可能会让你陷入自己思想的窠梏中，沉浸在可能把你引向错误道路的情绪中。研究还表明，容易沉思的人患抑郁症的风险通常会大大增加)"可知，沉思思维远不是一个明智的应对策略。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段"The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand.(采用这种第三人称思维的关键是，这样一个小小的改变可以清除你的情绪迷雾，让你看到自己的偏见，帮助你了解自己对手头问题的理解的局限性)"可知，好处是为人们提供看待问题的新视角。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据第四段"In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful.(在他早期的一项实验中，他证实了与智商一样，智慧推理的得分是可以达到的，而且是有意义的)"可知，人们明智的推理是可以衡量的。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Grossmann's latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they'd just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test.(格罗斯曼的最新研究小组要求近300名参与者描述一个具有挑战性的社会情境，两位心理学家根据明智推理的不同方面对他们进行评分。然后，参与者必须在四周内记日记。每天，他们都要描述一个他们刚刚经历过的情况，比如与某人意见不合。一半的人被要求用第一人称描述，而另一半则被鼓励用第三人称描述他们的情况。在研究结束时，所有参与者都重复了明智推理测试)"以及倒数第二段"While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise.(虽然控制组的明智推理得分没有整体变化，但那些使用非法行为的人在观点和找到妥协的能力方面有所提高)"可知，研究人员通过比较每个参与者的两组分数得出他们的研究结论。故选B。
五、第三部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 　46． 　 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool — The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it.
　47． 　 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.
　48． 　 Here's how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle, In the center circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journaling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energizing. 　49． 　 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length, So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.
Let's say you're new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 　50． 　 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable.
A. Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts.
B. It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK.
C. There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling.
D. Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses.
E. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious.
F. Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word.
G. The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps.
【答案】46．D；47．B；48．G；49．A；50．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。备选项的中文意思： A. 接下来，将圆圈的其余部分分成八个相等的部分。B. 这是国际畅销书作家SARK的杰作。C. 写日记没有一成不变的规则。D. "从哪里开始"和"没有时间"是收到的最多的回答。E. 诸如扫地和洗衣服这样的日常任务既耗时又费力。 F. 然后，列出与该词相关的任何词汇、图像或想法。G. 用这种方法来指导药物使用，就是将你的行为分解成最小的步骤。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。
46．根据上文"Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)"可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项""从哪里开始"和"没有时间"是收到的最多的回答。"符合语境，故选D。
47．根据上一段"So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它)"后文"She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目)"可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，B选项SARK对应后文She。故B选项"这是国际畅销书作家SARK的杰作。"符合语境，故选B。
48．根据后文"Here's how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)"以及后文"So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. (所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)"可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项"用这种方法来指导药物使用，就是将你的行为分解成最小的步骤。"符合语境，故选G。
49．根据上文"Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)"以及后文"These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)"可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项"接下来，将圆圈的其余部分分成八个相等的部分。"符合语境，故选A。
50．根据上文"Let's say you' re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)"以及后文"The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)"可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项"然后，列出与该词相关的任何词汇、图像或想法。"符合语境，故选F。
六、第四部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We'd trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands 51． from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. "You are 52． , aren't you "
Just before the countdown started, Blake shot me a 53． grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, "Go!" 54． I could yell "Hike!", Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs 55． after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we 56． a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake's team before I did. His tail flew up, and he 57． . Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the 58． . A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it.
59． our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my 60． and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I 61． . His shoulder was bleeding.
"Kenail! No!", My voice came out a howl. Kenai 62． to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes 63． to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner's stand with the trophy. But no, I bent and gently 64． Kenai in a blanket.
The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming (扭动) in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the 65． that really counted.
51．A． softened B． shook C． withdrew D． extended
52．A． clever B． thirsty C． helpful D． ready
53．A． broad B． satisfied C． tight D． slight
54．A． As B． Beyond C． Before D． After
55．A． pulled B． charged C． jumped D． barked
56．A． cut B． missed C． kept D． rounded
57．A． took off B． flew away
C． turned around D． bent forward
58．A． race B． difference C． gap D． goal
59．A． Suddenly B． Finally
C． Gradually D． Occasionally
60．A． way B． hold C． temper D． sight
61．A． quit B． insisted C． sighed D． froze
62．A． struggled B． decided C． refused D． pretended
63．A． forcing B． begging C． ordering D． persuading
64．A． took in B． brought up C． talked to D． wrapped up
65．A． achievement B． companion C． prize D． friendship
【答案】51．B；52．D；53．C；54．C；55．B；56．D；57．A；58．C；59．A；60．B；61．D；62．A；63．B；64．D；65．C
【知识点】名词辨析；常用介词的辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一场雪橇狗锦标赛中的情景。主人公希望击败对手Blake，但比赛中发生了意外。最终他们虽未获胜，但体验到了真正的奖励——与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
51．句意：我跪下来给Kenai喂食，紧张和激动让我的手都在颤抖。A. softened软化；B. shook颤抖；C. withdrew抽出；D. extended延伸，伸出。根据后文"from nerves and excitement"可知"我"的手是颤抖的。故选B。
52．句意：Kenai仰起脸舔我的下巴。"你准备好了，是吧？"A. clever聪明的；B. thirsty渴的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. ready准备的。根据后文"Just before the countdown started"可知在倒计时之前，做起跑准备。故选D。
53．句意：就在倒计时开始之前，Blake对我露出了一个紧张的笑容，手也在颤抖。A. broad宽的；B. satisfied满意的；C. tight紧的，紧张的；D. slight轻微的。根据"hands trembling too"可知Blake此刻也是紧张的，因此笑容是紧张的。故选C。
54．句意：然后我听到"出发！"还没等我喊 "出发！"，Kenai就向前蹿了出去。A. As当……的时候；B. Beyond超越；C. Before在……之前。D. After在……之后。根据前文"Go!"可知在"我"喊出发之前，Kenai听到别人的"出发"后就蹿了出去。故选C。
55．句意：其余的狗紧随其后。A. pulled拉；B. charged猛冲；C. jumped跳；D. barked吠叫。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it.(在下一个山坡上，基奈追平了布莱克的雪橇，然后我们超过了它)"可知很多狗紧随其后一起向前猛冲。故选B。
56．句意：然后我们转过了一个弯。A. cut切；B. missed错过；C. kept保持；D. rounded绕过，环绕。根据前文提到飞快地跑下了长长的山坡，以及此处" a corner"可知，到转弯处附近转弯。故选D。
57．句意：它的尾巴翘了起来，飞快地跑开了。A. took off起飞；B. flew away飞走；C. turned around转身；D. bent forward向前弯。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it."可知Kenai速度飞快很快超过了Blake。故选A。
58．句意：我们拉近了差距。A. race赛跑；B. difference不同；C. gap差距；D. goal目标。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it."可知Kenai速度飞快，拉近了差距，很快超过了Blake。故选C。
59．句意：突然，我们的雪撬撞上了树枝。A. Suddenly突然；B. Finally最终；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Occasionally偶然。根据后文"our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. "可知此刻出现了突发状况，我们的雪撬突然撞上了树枝。故选A。
60．句意：我没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。A. way方式；B. hold抓住，支撑点；C. temper脾气；D. sight视线。根据后文"fell off the sled"可知"我"没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。故选B。
61．句意：我愣住了，他的肩膀在流血。A. quit退出；B. insisted坚持说；C. sighed叹气；D. froze愣住。根据后文"His shoulder was bleeding."可知看到Kenai肩膀流血，"我"很紧张，"我"的反应是愣在原地。故选D。
62．句意：Kenai挣扎着站了起来。A. struggled挣扎；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据前文"Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai.(眼看着雪橇停了下来，我艰难地穿过厚厚的积雪来到Kenai)"并结合Kinai受伤可知Kenai也挣扎地努力站起来想继续比赛。故选A。
63．句意：他看着我，蓝色的眼睛乞求我继续下去。A. forcing迫使；B. begging乞求；C. ordering命令；D. persuading劝说。根据后文"He would do it, too."可知Kenai想继续下去，乞求"我"继续下去。故选B。
64．句意：我弯下腰，用毯子轻轻地把Kenai裹了起来。A. took in理解；B. brought up抚养长大；C. talked to与……讲话；D. wrapped up包、裹。根据后文"Kenai in a blanke"可知，我们没有赢得比赛，比赛结束后，我用毯子把它包裹起来去看兽医。故选D。
65．句意：我笑了，意识到我得到了真正有价值的奖品。A. achievement成就；B. companion陪伴；C. prize奖；D. friendship友谊。根据前文"For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner's stand with the trophy. But no."可知我们没有赢得比赛，但是最后"我"收获了与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带，这对"我"而言是真正重要的奖品。故选C。
七、第四部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I remember that every year in lunar December in my hometown, Xinyang, each family begins to prepare bunches of bacon and sausage hanging from yard to yard 　66． 　 (embrace) the upcoming New Year. Walking in such a street view and sniffing the smell of pickled bacon (腊肉), I always have a sense of 　67． 　 (happy).
Xinyang, located on the boundary between the north and the south, is rich in rice, wheat and fertile land due to its unique 　68． 　 (geography) position and climate. Therefore, it cultivates the characteristics of Xinyang people who have a good appetite 　69． 　 delicacies. According to relevant records, the history of Xinyang's pickled bacon dates back to the Ming Dynasty, 　70． 　 the locals learned to keep its special taste by preserving it in a special wooden bucket. People in Xinyang love their life so much that even during the toughest times, they still inherited the soul of taste and made delicious pickled bacon. Actually, Xinyang's pickled bacon is made in a 　71． 　 seemingly simple way by drying the meat in the shade but it brings out the flavor of the food 　72． 　 (it) and stays with our memory for long.
You'll never become fully conscious of how much you value it until you 　73． 　 (tear) apart from it. Such is Xinyang's pickled bacon, one of my 　74． 　 (forget) memories of my hometown despite time 　75． 　 (tick) by.
【答案】66．to embrace；67．happiness；68．geographical；69．for；70．when；71．a；72．itself；73．are torn；74．unforgettable；75．ticking
【知识点】说明文；动词不定式；不可数名词；社会文化类；人文地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了信阳的腊肉的历史以及特点。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，代词，介词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
66．句意：我记得，每年农历十二月，在我的家乡信阳，每家每户都开始准备一串串的腊肉和香肠，挂在院子里，迎接即将到来的新年。空处为非谓语且在句中作状语，动词embrace与其逻辑主语each
family构成逻辑上的主动关系，且此处表示"为了迎接"，即：表示目的，故空处应用动词不定式做目的状语。故填to embrace。
67．句意：走在这样的街景里，闻着腊肉的味道，总有一种幸福的感觉。空处作介词of的宾语，故空处应用名词，空处表示"幸福"，happiness，不可数名词，符合语境。故填happiness。
68．句意：信阳位于南北交界处，由于其独特的地理位置和气候，盛产水稻、小麦和肥沃的土地。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词position，空处表示"地理的"，geographical，形容词，符合语境。故填geographical。
69．句意：因此，它培养了信阳人对美食有良好胃口的特点。此处表示" 对…有很好的胃口 "，为固定短语have a good appetite for，符合语境。故填for。
70．句意：据有关记载，信阳腌腊肉的历史可以追溯到明代，当时当地人学会了将其保存在一个特殊的木桶中，以保持其特殊的味道。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Ming Dynasty且在非限制性定语从句作时间状语，故空处应用关系副词when。故填when。
71．句意：信阳腌腊肉的制作方法看似简单，只是把肉放在阴凉处晾干，但却能把食物本身的味道带出来，让人久久不能忘怀。way为泛指，且seemingly是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
72．句意：信阳腌腊肉的制作方法看似简单，只是把肉放在阴凉处晾干，但却能把食物本身的味道带出来，让人久久不能忘怀。此处指事物本身，应用反身代词itself。故填itself。
73．句意：你永远不会完全意识到你有多珍惜它，直到你和它分开。空处为句子的谓语，主语you与谓语tear apart构成被动关系，且此处为"主将从现"的时态呼应，故从句谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为you，故谓语用复数。故填are torn。
74．句意：这就是信阳的腌腊肉，时光荏苒，这是我对家乡最难忘的回忆之一。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词memories，空处表示"难以忘怀的"，unforgettable，形容词，符合语境。故填unforgettable。
75．句意：这就是信阳的腌腊肉，时光荏苒，这是我对家乡最难忘的回忆之一。空处为非谓语且在句中做后置定语修饰名词time，动词tick与其逻辑主语time构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词作后置定语。故填ticking。
八、第五部分，语言基础，第一节，单词拼写，请根据汉语提示和首字母写出句子中所缺的单词，请注意单词的正确形式，并把完整的单词写在答题卷上的相应位置。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
76．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Fascinated by the stars, the young student aspired to become an a　 　(宇航员) in the future.
【答案】astronaut
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这个年轻的学生被星星迷住了，渴望将来成为一名宇航员。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"宇航员"，astronaut，可数名词，空处被an修饰，故空处应用可数名词astronaut的单数形式。故填astronaut。
【点评】考查名词astronaut的识记运用。
77．（2024高一下·深圳期末） She 广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分，听力理解，第一节，听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每小题1分）
1．（2024高一下·深圳期末） When did the man visit the National Park
A．Last September. B．Last December. C．This July.
2．（2024高一下·深圳期末） What does the woman think of Olivia
A．She is quiet. B．She is sociable. C．She is talkative.
3．（2024高一下·深圳期末） What will the man do this Tuesday
A．Attend an interview.
B．Meet his doctor.
C．Deliver a speech.
二、第一部分，听力理解，第二节，听下面对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。（每小题1分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
5．What is the man's attitude towards his job
A．He is tired of the same old routine.
B．He is curious about his job prospect.
C．He is enthusiastic about this demanding job.
6．How old is the man
A．25. B．40. C．65.
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
7．What do the speakers mainly talk about
A．Smart cities. B．Information safety. C．Energy production.
8．Which is among the man's research focuses
A．Data management. B．Equality promotion. C．Traffic release.
9．What does the man mean in the end
A．Personal information can be secured.
B．Greater security can be achieved.
C．Data leakage will never happen.
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
10．How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year
A．30.8 billion. B．83 billion. C．95.5 billion.
11．What will be done to encourage greener packaging
A．All packages will be wrapped only once.
B．2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built.
C．New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages.
12．What is on the list
A．The wrapping products.
B．The locations of recycle stations.
C．The types of new energy vehicles.
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What does ASO-S mainly do
A．Do solar observation.
B．Study Earth's atmosphere.
C．Make weather forecasting.
14．How long will ASO-S stay in orbit at least
A．Four years. B．Forty hours. C．Seventy years.
15．Why is ASO-S so meaningful
A．It can block the sun's radiation.
B．It may fill China's gap in the field.
C．It is the first solar satellite globally.
三、第二部分，基础知识，单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
16．（2024高一下·深圳期末） — What's your plan for the holidays
— Well, while you are enjoying yourself on the beach, I ____ on my couch, watching Young Sheldon.
A．am sitting B．will be sitting
C．will have sat D．would sit
17．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The package ____ over 50 pounds was difficult to move ____ we struggled all day.
A．was weighed; where B．weighed; why
C．weighing; with which D．having weighed; that
18．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Many a house ____ in the powerful earthquake so far, so the homeless survivors have to stay in tents for the time being.
A．has been damaged B．were damaged
C．was damaged D．have been damaged
19．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Considering the situation ____ can be done ____ been done to assist the affected communities.
A．all; have B．all that; have
C．all; has D．all that; has
20．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The beautiful and charming song has been heard ____ many times today.
A．to broadcast B．being broadcast
C．broadcasting D．broadcast
21．（2024高一下·深圳期末） After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region.
A．surrounded; were trapped
B．being surrounded; trapped
C．surrounded; having been trapped
D．having been surrounded; were trapped
22．（2024高一下·深圳期末） To be frank, little do I know whether the project is practical ____. But if you don't object to it, ____.
A．to carry out; neither will I
B．to be carried out; so do I
C．carrying out; nor do I
D．carried out; so it is with me.
23．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Adults, ____ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ____ children do not.
A．unless; but B．when; where
C．although; and D．even if; unless
24．（2024高一下·深圳期末） It must be the reason ____ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture ____ led the academic committee to question his research design.
A．why; that B．which; which C．which; that D．that; which
25．（2024高一下·深圳期末） ____ by those she trusted feels as if the world ____ turning its back on her.
A．Being let down; were B．Let down; was
C．Having let down; was D．Letting down; were
26．（2024高一下·深圳期末） ____ sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears ____ down on purpose.
A．Seen to cry; fall B．Seen crying; falling
C．To be seen crying; falling D．To been seen to cry; fall
27．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Never had they tasted such strange flavor before ____ was unique to this remote mountain village, ____ ingredients were simple but quite rare.
A．that; whose B．as; which C．as; whose D．which; where
28．（2024高一下·深圳期末） A large amount of research suggests that people ____ little about the importance of sustainable living and it's time we ____ measures to change this situation.
A．should care; should take B．have cared; take
C．will care; take D．care; took
29．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The worsening living conditions on the Carteret Islands finally resulted in ____ we called the relocation of all the islanders, ____ which arose the problem of losing their traditions and celebrations.
A．which; at B．what; from C．which; on D．what; in
30．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Has the doctor ever encountered a case ____ he was unable to cure the patient ____ their long-standing illness
A．that; of B．when; with
C．in which; with D．where; of
四、第三部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
North Rim to reopen on June 2 with limited services available
News Release Date: May 17, 2023
Contact: Joělle Baird, 928-606-3154
Grand Canyon, Ariz.
The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. A landslide from winter storms destroyed more than 300 feet of the North Rim water pipeline.
Visitor Services
The Grand Canyon Lodge will operate day-use services with limited food and beverage service beginning on June 2. No overnight accommodations will be available until at least July 23, 2023.
The North Rim Campground, managed by the National Park Service, will operate as scheduled beginning on June 9 with portable drinking water and toilets available. The public laundry and shower facilities will not be open at least through July 23, 2023. The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy's bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered.
Visitors exploring the North Rim this summer should be self-sufficient and should bring adequate food and water for the day as services are limited and may be subject to change. Nearby, accommodating is available at the Kaibab Lodge and food services and fuel at the North Rim Country Store. Year-round accommodating, food service and fuel are located 45 miles north of the North Rim at Jaco Lake. As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. There is a trail closure in effect on the North Kaibab Trail and it will officially reopen on June 16, 2023.
31．Which was not affected and opens as usual
A．The public laundry.
B．The Grand Canyon Lodge.
C．The North Kaibab Trail.
D．The North Rim Visitor Center.
32．What can we learn about the North Kaibab Trail from the text
A．It offers food service.
B．It is around Jacob Lake.
C．It is under repair now.
D．It opens all the year around.
33．What is the purpose of the text
A．To warn visitors of the oncoming landslide.
B．To inform visitors of schedules of some attractions.
C．To appeal to more visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park.
D．To advertise the products of the Grand Canyon National Park.
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each.
When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet.
Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year.
Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it's on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn't always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors.
"There's value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations", says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn.
Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. "Because I recycle it doesn't mean I am less of a person than anyone else," she says.
Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings.
34．What is the author's purpose of telling about Marin
A．To highlight waste collectors' role.
B．To reflect laid-off workers' hardship.
C．To praise her devotion to her daughter.
D．To show the seriousness of unemployment.
35．How does the author show the importance of waste pickers' work
A．By contrasting. B．By citing reference.
C．By giving definitions. D．By cause-effect analysis.
36．What would Marin agree with
A．Business is business.
B．No job is noble or humble.
C．The early bird catches worms.
D．One good turn deserves another.
37．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Legal Battles Over Public Garbage Ownership
B．The History of Recycling Laws in the United States
C．The Rise of Corporate Recycling Programs in New York
D．The Struggles and Contributions of New York's Recyclers
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
There has been tremendous concern recently over misinformation on social media. This concern is quite justifiable, as the consequences of believing false information are greatly affecting the individual and collective health.
Many people tend to fall for misinformation they encounter online. There is one influential explanation for this phenomenon. As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation.
This argument sounds perfectly plausible. Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information. There's even less understanding of the potential link between digital literacy and what people share on social media. A group of MIT researchers explored these potential associations by surveying 1,341 Americans.
In the experiment, the researchers first showed the participants two dozen news headlines about politics, half of which were accurate, and half of which were false. In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media.
The researchers found "clear evidence" that digital literacy was a strong predictor of accuracy discernment (识别能力). However, the results were "strikingly different" regarding sharing discernment. Digitally literate subjects were just as likely to share inaccurate information. Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking "share" for false news.
This sounds odd. Although most people don't want to spread misinformation, social media is distracting: people are scrolling quickly, and their attention is drawn to social validation (社会认知度), such as how many likes their posts will get. So make sure a certain post is accurate before you click the "share" button.
38．What does the popular theory about people's believing online misinformation highlight
A．The ability to engage in the digital spaces.
B．The popularity of consuming digital content.
C．The low cost of spreading misinformation online.
D．The significance of limiting fake information online.
39．What does the word "plausible" underlined in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Distinctive. B．Sensible. C．Distant. D．Meaningful.
40．What did the researchers aim to do in the second phase of the study
A．Test respondents' attitudes towards political news.
B．Figure out respondents' favorite online content.
C．Assess respondents' willingness to share posts.
D．Determine respondents' levels of digital literacy.
41．What can the researchers conclude about digital literacy from the experiment
A．It can be enhanced through practice.
B．It varies due to people's political beliefs.
C．It doesn't stop the spread of misinformation.
D．It isn't helpful in identifying misinformation.
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读理解
We credit Socrates with the insight that "the unexamined life is not worth living," and that to "know thyself" is the path to true wisdom.
But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the "rumination" (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression.
Instead, scientific research suggests that you should adopt an ancient method favored by the likes of Julius Caesar, known as "illeism" which was coined in 1809 from the Latin "ille" meaning "he". The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand.
A study finds that illeism can also bring long-term benefits to wise reasoning (including elements like taking the perspective of others, recognizing uncertainty, and so on). The finding is the brainchild of Igor Grossmann, a psychologist. According to Grossmann, wise reasoning had long been considered too vague for scientific enquiry. In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful.
Grossmann's latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they'd just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test.
While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise.
Grossmann's work continues to prove that the subject of wisdom is worthy of experimental studies, indicating wiser reasoning is within everyone's power.
42．What can be learned about ruminative thinking
A．It's often adopted by negative people.
B．It causes people to become self-centered.
C．It's far from an advisable tackling strategy.
D．It ignores people's inner thoughts and feelings.
43．Which of the following shows the advantage of illeism
A．Helping people win in an argument.
B．Enabling people to stabilize their emotions.
C．Encouraging people to see their own strengths.
D．Offering people a fresh perspective of viewing issues.
44．What do Grossman's statements in paragraph 4 imply
A．Various factors can develop wise reasoning.
B．People's wise reasoning can be measurable.
C．The study of wisdom is rather complicated.
D．Wise reasoning's benefits are scientifically proven.
45．How do the researchers come to the conclusion of their study
A．By assessing diary keeping's impact on reasoning.
B．By comparing each participant's two sets of scores.
C．By testing participants' ability to handle disagreements.
D．By gaining participants' attitudes to the first person thinking.
五、第三部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 　46． 　 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool — The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it.
　47． 　 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.
　48． 　 Here's how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle, In the center circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journaling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energizing. 　49． 　 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length, So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.
Let's say you're new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 　50． 　 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable.
A. Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts.
B. It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK.
C. There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling.
D. Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses.
E. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious.
F. Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word.
G. The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps.
六、第四部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We'd trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands 51． from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. "You are 52． , aren't you "
Just before the countdown started, Blake shot me a 53． grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, "Go!" 54． I could yell "Hike!", Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs 55． after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we 56． a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake's team before I did. His tail flew up, and he 57． . Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the 58． . A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it.
59． our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my 60． and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I 61． . His shoulder was bleeding.
"Kenail! No!", My voice came out a howl. Kenai 62． to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes 63． to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner's stand with the trophy. But no, I bent and gently 64． Kenai in a blanket.
The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming (扭动) in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the 65． that really counted.
51．A． softened B． shook C． withdrew D． extended
52．A． clever B． thirsty C． helpful D． ready
53．A． broad B． satisfied C． tight D． slight
54．A． As B． Beyond C． Before D． After
55．A． pulled B． charged C． jumped D． barked
56．A． cut B． missed C． kept D． rounded
57．A． took off B． flew away
C． turned around D． bent forward
58．A． race B． difference C． gap D． goal
59．A． Suddenly B． Finally
C． Gradually D． Occasionally
60．A． way B． hold C． temper D． sight
61．A． quit B． insisted C． sighed D． froze
62．A． struggled B． decided C． refused D． pretended
63．A． forcing B． begging C． ordering D． persuading
64．A． took in B． brought up C． talked to D． wrapped up
65．A． achievement B． companion C． prize D． friendship
七、第四部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I remember that every year in lunar December in my hometown, Xinyang, each family begins to prepare bunches of bacon and sausage hanging from yard to yard 　66． 　 (embrace) the upcoming New Year. Walking in such a street view and sniffing the smell of pickled bacon (腊肉), I always have a sense of 　67． 　 (happy).
Xinyang, located on the boundary between the north and the south, is rich in rice, wheat and fertile land due to its unique 　68． 　 (geography) position and climate. Therefore, it cultivates the characteristics of Xinyang people who have a good appetite 　69． 　 delicacies. According to relevant records, the history of Xinyang's pickled bacon dates back to the Ming Dynasty, 　70． 　 the locals learned to keep its special taste by preserving it in a special wooden bucket. People in Xinyang love their life so much that even during the toughest times, they still inherited the soul of taste and made delicious pickled bacon. Actually, Xinyang's pickled bacon is made in a 　71． 　 seemingly simple way by drying the meat in the shade but it brings out the flavor of the food 　72． 　 (it) and stays with our memory for long.
You'll never become fully conscious of how much you value it until you 　73． 　 (tear) apart from it. Such is Xinyang's pickled bacon, one of my 　74． 　 (forget) memories of my hometown despite time 　75． 　 (tick) by.
八、第五部分，语言基础，第一节，单词拼写，请根据汉语提示和首字母写出句子中所缺的单词，请注意单词的正确形式，并把完整的单词写在答题卷上的相应位置。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
76．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Fascinated by the stars, the young student aspired to become an a　 　(宇航员) in the future.
77．（2024高一下·深圳期末） She kept her hands f　 　(折叠), listening attentively to the teacher as he explained the complex theory.
78．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The student's e　 　(非凡的) effort, which impressed everyone, led to her winning the science fair.
79．（2024高一下·深圳期末） S　 　(绵延) along the campus pathway, the line of trees provides a scenic route for students walking to classes.
80．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Despite the government's efforts to stop smoking, many teenagers are still seen purchasing c　 　(香烟) from local stores, ignoring the health warnings.
81．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Her homework, a　 　(贴，附) with a note explaining the delay, was finally submitted to the teacher.
82．（2024高一下·深圳期末） Parents p　 　(允许) to attend the event, the school organized a series of performances showcasing student talent.
83．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The scientist, p　 　(精确地) analyzing the data, discovered a correlation between climate change and rising sea levels.
84．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The professor shared a story, r　 　(讲述) the impact of technology on modern society, which fascinated the students.
85．（2024高一下·深圳期末） The scientist's groundbreaking discovery, which was achieved through years of dedicated research and p　 　(坚持不懈) has revolutionized the field of genetics.
九、第五部分，语言基础，第二节 短语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2024高一下·深圳期末） 从下列所给词组中选用正确的词组并以适当的形式填到句子中，每个词组仅能用一次。
get a load of, on the move, pull one's weight, succeed in, all of a sudden, sing high praises for, let off steam, move on, reach out to, keep on, account for, look through
86．The experiment seemed to be failing, but 　 　, the results started to match up with the assumption, surprising the entire research team.
87．Everyone in the committee except the new members, 　 　 understanding the new policy changes by the time the final review was conducted.
88．Despite the numerous challenges they faced, the team, which 　 　 innovating and adapting to new situations, eventually found success.
89．When the results were announced, the principal, impressed by the students' achievements, 　 　 their outstanding performance.
90．In today's fast-paced world, technology is constantly evolving, and businesses must stay 　 　 to remain competitive in the market.
91．During economic booms, innovation often leads to new industries, 　 　 a significant portion of overall growth.
92．After the challenging exam week, she 　 　 by painting in her studio, finding peace in her art.
93．Although some members initially seemed unproductive, they eventually 　 　 and helped complete the task on time.
94．The detective 　 　 the suspect's belongings for any clues that could explain the sudden disappearance.
95．The team spent weeks 　 　 experts worldwide, seeking advice and support to solve the problem.
十、第六部分 写作（共20分）
96．（2024高一下·深圳期末） 暑期即将来临，假定你是校学生会主席李华，学生会将在暑期组织学生参加职业体验活动。请写一封倡议书，号召同学们积极参加，内容包括：1.倡议目的；2.活动内容；3.呼吁参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Students,
……
The Students' Union
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【答案】5．C
6．C
【知识点】长对话
【答案】7．A
8．C
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【答案】10．C
11．C
12．A
【知识点】长对话
【答案】13．A
14．A
15．B
【知识点】长对话
16．【答案】B
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你假期有什么计划 ——你在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。A. am sitting 现在进行时；B.will be sitting 将来进行时 ；C. will have sat 将来完成时；D.would sit 过去将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，由语意可知，对于即将到来的假期，当你正在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。故选B。
【点评】考查时态。在解答时态相关题目时，首先要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。
17．【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词；“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个重达50多磅的包裹很难移动，我们吃力地搬了一整天。句子已有谓语动词was，第一空应为非谓语形式，weigh"重达"与package构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，修饰名词package；第二空：引导定语从句，短语struggle with与……斗争，应用介词with，先行词为The package，指物，作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）和定语从句。在解答非谓语动词题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。首先，在定语从句的题目中，你需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
18．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，许多房屋在强烈地震中被破坏，因此无家可归的幸存者不得不暂时住在帐篷里。A. has been damaged 现在完成时的被动语态；B. were damaged 一般过去时的被动语态；C. was damaged 一般过去时的被动语态；D. have been damaged 现在完成时的被动语态。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据so far可知，句子的时态应为现在完成时，主语house与谓语damage"损害，破坏"构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且many a(许多)+名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数。故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态和主谓一致。在解答时态相关题目时，首先要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。要理解句子的整体含义，判断主语与谓语之间的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者而非执行者，那么句子很可能是被动语态。
19．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：考虑到目前的局势，我们已经尽了一切努力来帮助受影响的社区。第一空：结合句意可知，all作主语，can be done为从句的谓语，定语从句中，all为先行词时只用that，作主语，不可省略；第二空：all作主语，指情况或事情时，主句谓语动词用单数。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和主谓一致。首先，在定语从句的题目中，需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。在解答主谓一致题目时，首先要识别主语，仔细阅读题目，准确识别出句子的主语，主语可能是单个名词、代词、短语或从句，注意主语的数，即它是单数还是复数。分析谓语，确定谓语动词的数与主语是否一致，注意谓语动词的特殊用法，如系动词"be"的单复数形式，以及某些动词的特殊变形。应用原则，根据语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，分析并确定谓语动词的正确形式，特别注意那些容易混淆的情况，如集体名词、分数或百分数+名词短语、由连词连接的主语等。
20．【答案】D
【知识点】分词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：这首美丽迷人的歌曲今天已经被播放了很多次。根据句型分析可知，此句考查hear sth. done表"听见某事被做"，为固定动词短语。其中sth.作为hear的宾语，done是过去分词做形容词补充说明sth.的状态。本句hear后的宾语为"the beautiful and charming song "，提前放句首变为被动句的主语，与broadcast为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
21．【答案】B
【知识点】动名词；分词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：在被洪水包围之后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。句中已有谓语动词suffered，且无连词，故空处都应是非谓语形式，第一空：after为介词，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，Henan province与surround"包围"为被动关系，则使用being done的形式；第二空：tourists与trap"把……困在"为被动关系，则使用过去分词trapped，构成独立主格结构。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词以及过去分词）。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
22．【答案】A
【知识点】倒装句；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：坦率地说，我不知道这个项目是否可行。但如果你不反对，我也不会。第一空为be adj. to do，主动表被动，故应填to carry out；第二空：结合句意可知空处表示"我也不" ，用部分倒装"neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词等+主语"结构，此处表示将来应用will，故应填neither will I。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式）及部分倒装。在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
23．【答案】B
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：成年人过分关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们却能看到其中的快乐。第一空引导时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，表示"当……时候"应用when；第二空引导定语从句，从句完整句子为children do not fail to see the joy，从句缺状语，修饰先行词simple things，指代抽象概念的事物，应用关系副词where。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句和定语从句。在解答状语从句相关题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。首先，在定语从句的题目中，你需要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
24．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：一定是约翰逊博士在演讲中回避讨论的原因导致学术委员会对他的研究设计提出质疑。第一空引导定语从句修饰先行词reason，且空后discuss（及物动词） 缺少宾语，引导词用关系代词which/that；第二空为强调句：It be+被强调部分+that/who(当强调主语且指人)+其他部分，被强调部分是the reason，用that。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句和强调句。首先，在定语从句的题目中，要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。在解答强调句的题目时，首先要阅读题干和选项，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别强调句结构，判断题目中的句子是否符合强调句的结构特征。分析句子成分，确定被强调部分和谓语动词等关键成分。理解语法规则和特殊用法，运用强调句的语法规则和特殊用法进行解题。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的连词、时态、语态等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：强调句与从句的辨析，有时强调句与其他从句（如定语从句、主语从句等）在结构上相似，容易混淆。解题时需要仔细分析句子结构和逻辑关系，判断其是否为强调句。强调句中的谓语动词通常与被强调部分保持一致，特别是当强调主语时，要特别注意谓语动词的数和时态。
25．【答案】A
【知识点】虚拟语气；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：被她信任的人辜负，感觉好像整个世界都在背弃她。第一空动名词作主语，且let down与she构成被动关系，故用being done形式 ；第二空as if 引导的从句使用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，be动词用were。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动名词）及虚拟语气。在解答虚拟语气题目时。首先要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别虚拟语气，根据句中的情态动词、特定结构或时态等标志判断句子是否包含虚拟语气。分析句子结构，确定主从句关系并判断时态是否符合虚拟语气的规则。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的时态、语态和语法结构等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：虚拟语气题目往往需要根据语境和句意来判断。有时即使句子结构相似，但由于语境不同，也可能需要使用不同的虚拟语气形式。因此，在解题时要仔细阅读题干和选项，理解句子的整体意思和语境。解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
26．【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词；分词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了让别人看到他伤心地哭，小男孩抬起头，故意让眼泪掉下来。第一空结合句意可知"小男孩为了被看见他正哭的很伤心"；根据on purpose表明小男孩的心机，为了被看见，表目的；第二空：结合句意可知"他让自己的眼泪落下来（主动，持续状态）"，应用现在分词形式。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式以及现在分词）。解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
27．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们从来没有尝过这个偏远山村独有的奇怪味道，那些食材简单却很罕见。第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，flavor是先行词，从句缺主语，先行词被such修饰时，应使用关系代词 as；第二空为关系词引导非限制性定语从句，mountain village是先行词，它和ingredients为所属关系，所以使用whose作定语引导定语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
28．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：大量的研究表明，人们很少关心可持续生活的重要性，现在是我们采取措施改变这种状况的时候了。第一空在从句中作谓语，当 suggest意为"暗示； 表明"时，其后的从句不用虚拟语气，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；第二空在从句中作谓语，在"It's（high/about） time that..."句型中，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或"should＋动词原形"。故选D。
【点评】考查时态（一般现在时）和虚拟语气。在解答虚拟语气题目时。首先要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别虚拟语气，根据句中的情态动词、特定结构或时态等标志判断句子是否包含虚拟语气。分析句子结构，确定主从句关系并判断时态是否符合虚拟语气的规则。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的时态、语态和语法结构等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：虚拟语气题目往往需要根据语境和句意来判断。有时即使句子结构相似，但由于语境不同，也可能需要使用不同的虚拟语气形式。因此，在解题时要仔细阅读题干和选项，理解句子的整体意思和语境。在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
29．【答案】B
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：卡特雷特群岛上日益恶化的生活条件最终导致了我们所说的所有岛民的重新安置，由此产生了失去其传统和庆祝活动的问题。第一空为连接词引导的宾语从句作resulted in的宾语，从句中缺少called的宾语，指的是事情，所以使用连接代词what；第二空为介词与空后的which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面提到的内容，结合句意可知，此处应与arise构成固定短语，arise from意为"由……引起"符合句意，所以第二空应为介词from。故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句和介词辨析。在解答宾语从句题目时，首先，要明确什么是宾语从句。宾语从句是指在句子中作宾语的从句，即位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后的从句。宾语从句的解题主要围绕三大要素进行：引导词、语序和时态。在解题过程中，可以先通过排除法缩小选项范围。例如，可以先看选项的语序是否正确，如果语序是疑问语序，则直接排除。然后，根据句子的语境和时态要求，进一步排除不符合条件的选项。宾语从句中还有一些特殊用法和陷阱需要注意。例如：当主句谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等词时，如果宾语从句的意思是否定的，常把否定转移至主句表示。当从句作宾语且后面还有补足语时，有时需要用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。还要注意区分that引导宾语从句和强调句的区别等。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体含义和上下文关系，根据语境判断介词的正确用法，避免生搬硬套或误解句意。
30．【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；关系副词引导定语从句的用法；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：医生是否曾遇到过无法治愈病人长期患病的情况？第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，case是先行词，意为"阶段，情况"，是一个抽象名词，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句；第二空为固定短语cure sb of sth意为"治愈某人的病"，所以第二空为介词of。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和动词短语辨析。理解含义，不仅要记住动词短语的形式，还要准确理解其含义和用法。理解语境，在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义。根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围。将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy's bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered. (北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)"可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据最后一段"As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. (由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)"可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据Grand Canyon, Ariz下"The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. (大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)"及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。
【答案】34．A
35．A
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；环境保护类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
34．推理判断题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段"Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可以推论出，作者讲述马林的故事目的是突出拾荒者的作用。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第三段的句子"In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可知，作者是通过对比来说明垃圾收集者的重要性。故选A。
36．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. "Because I recycle it doesn't mean I am less of a person than anyone else," she says. (不管承认与否，拾荒者长期以来一直受到不尊重。马林回忆说，有一次，她正在收集易拉罐，隔壁的人向她泼水。她说:"因为我回收利用，并不意味着我比其他人更不像一个人。")"可知，马林认为工作没有高低贵贱之分。故选B。
37．主旨大意题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段"Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)"可知，本文主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。所以，用D项"The Struggles and Contributions of New York's Recyclers"作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选D。
【答案】38．A
39．B
40．D
41．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过实验揭示出人们识别不出网上虚假信息的原因是因为他们的注意力被社会认可所吸引造成的，而不是与数字素养有关。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段"As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation.(按照这种思路，一个人在发现和消费数字内容、创造数字内容和传播数字内容方面的技能非常有限，他很可能难以识别虚假信息，因此更容易相信虚假信息。因此，这些不太懂数字的人可能会在错误信息的传播中发挥重要作用。)"可知，关于人们相信网络错误信息的流行理论强调了参与数字空间的能力。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线单词后"Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information.(然而，很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系。)"可知，前后句之间为转折关系，说明这个论点只是表面上听起来很有道理，实际上却很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系，推断出plausible意为"有道理"，和sensible意思一致。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第四段"In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media.(在第二阶段，他们进行了一系列测试：让参与者报告他们对各种互联网相关术语的熟悉程度，并回答有关社交媒体平台如何决定在其新闻推送中显示哪些内容的问题。最后，参与者被要求评估一组标题的准确性，并指出他们在社交媒体上分享这些标题的可能性。)"可知，研究人员在研究的第二阶段做测试的目的是确定受访者的数字素养水平。故选D。
41．推理判断题。根据第五段"Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking "share" for false news.(最令人惊讶的是，即使是数字素养高的人也无法避免点击"分享"来获取虚假新闻。)"可知，从实验中，研究人员可以得出关于数字素养的结论是这并不能阻止错误信息的传播。故选C。
【答案】42．C
43．D
44．B
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"沉思"思维模式的特点以及研究过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段"But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the "rumination" (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression.(但当涉及到内省时，你可能很容易陷入"沉思"模式。这种模式很可能会让你陷入自己思想的窠梏中，沉浸在可能把你引向错误道路的情绪中。研究还表明，容易沉思的人患抑郁症的风险通常会大大增加)"可知，沉思思维远不是一个明智的应对策略。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段"The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand.(采用这种第三人称思维的关键是，这样一个小小的改变可以清除你的情绪迷雾，让你看到自己的偏见，帮助你了解自己对手头问题的理解的局限性)"可知，好处是为人们提供看待问题的新视角。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据第四段"In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful.(在他早期的一项实验中，他证实了与智商一样，智慧推理的得分是可以达到的，而且是有意义的)"可知，人们明智的推理是可以衡量的。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Grossmann's latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they'd just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test.(格罗斯曼的最新研究小组要求近300名参与者描述一个具有挑战性的社会情境，两位心理学家根据明智推理的不同方面对他们进行评分。然后，参与者必须在四周内记日记。每天，他们都要描述一个他们刚刚经历过的情况，比如与某人意见不合。一半的人被要求用第一人称描述，而另一半则被鼓励用第三人称描述他们的情况。在研究结束时，所有参与者都重复了明智推理测试)"以及倒数第二段"While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise.(虽然控制组的明智推理得分没有整体变化，但那些使用非法行为的人在观点和找到妥协的能力方面有所提高)"可知，研究人员通过比较每个参与者的两组分数得出他们的研究结论。故选B。
【答案】46．D；47．B；48．G；49．A；50．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。备选项的中文意思： A. 接下来，将圆圈的其余部分分成八个相等的部分。B. 这是国际畅销书作家SARK的杰作。C. 写日记没有一成不变的规则。D. "从哪里开始"和"没有时间"是收到的最多的回答。E. 诸如扫地和洗衣服这样的日常任务既耗时又费力。 F. 然后，列出与该词相关的任何词汇、图像或想法。G. 用这种方法来指导药物使用，就是将你的行为分解成最小的步骤。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。
46．根据上文"Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)"可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项""从哪里开始"和"没有时间"是收到的最多的回答。"符合语境，故选D。
47．根据上一段"So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它)"后文"She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目)"可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，B选项SARK对应后文She。故B选项"这是国际畅销书作家SARK的杰作。"符合语境，故选B。
48．根据后文"Here's how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)"以及后文"So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. (所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)"可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项"用这种方法来指导药物使用，就是将你的行为分解成最小的步骤。"符合语境，故选G。
49．根据上文"Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)"以及后文"These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)"可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项"接下来，将圆圈的其余部分分成八个相等的部分。"符合语境，故选A。
50．根据上文"Let's say you' re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)"以及后文"The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)"可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项"然后，列出与该词相关的任何词汇、图像或想法。"符合语境，故选F。
【答案】51．B；52．D；53．C；54．C；55．B；56．D；57．A；58．C；59．A；60．B；61．D；62．A；63．B；64．D；65．C
【知识点】名词辨析；常用介词的辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一场雪橇狗锦标赛中的情景。主人公希望击败对手Blake，但比赛中发生了意外。最终他们虽未获胜，但体验到了真正的奖励——与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
51．句意：我跪下来给Kenai喂食，紧张和激动让我的手都在颤抖。A. softened软化；B. shook颤抖；C. withdrew抽出；D. extended延伸，伸出。根据后文"from nerves and excitement"可知"我"的手是颤抖的。故选B。
52．句意：Kenai仰起脸舔我的下巴。"你准备好了，是吧？"A. clever聪明的；B. thirsty渴的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. ready准备的。根据后文"Just before the countdown started"可知在倒计时之前，做起跑准备。故选D。
53．句意：就在倒计时开始之前，Blake对我露出了一个紧张的笑容，手也在颤抖。A. broad宽的；B. satisfied满意的；C. tight紧的，紧张的；D. slight轻微的。根据"hands trembling too"可知Blake此刻也是紧张的，因此笑容是紧张的。故选C。
54．句意：然后我听到"出发！"还没等我喊 "出发！"，Kenai就向前蹿了出去。A. As当……的时候；B. Beyond超越；C. Before在……之前。D. After在……之后。根据前文"Go!"可知在"我"喊出发之前，Kenai听到别人的"出发"后就蹿了出去。故选C。
55．句意：其余的狗紧随其后。A. pulled拉；B. charged猛冲；C. jumped跳；D. barked吠叫。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it.(在下一个山坡上，基奈追平了布莱克的雪橇，然后我们超过了它)"可知很多狗紧随其后一起向前猛冲。故选B。
56．句意：然后我们转过了一个弯。A. cut切；B. missed错过；C. kept保持；D. rounded绕过，环绕。根据前文提到飞快地跑下了长长的山坡，以及此处" a corner"可知，到转弯处附近转弯。故选D。
57．句意：它的尾巴翘了起来，飞快地跑开了。A. took off起飞；B. flew away飞走；C. turned around转身；D. bent forward向前弯。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it."可知Kenai速度飞快很快超过了Blake。故选A。
58．句意：我们拉近了差距。A. race赛跑；B. difference不同；C. gap差距；D. goal目标。根据后文"On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake's sled and then we passed it."可知Kenai速度飞快，拉近了差距，很快超过了Blake。故选C。
59．句意：突然，我们的雪撬撞上了树枝。A. Suddenly突然；B. Finally最终；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Occasionally偶然。根据后文"our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. "可知此刻出现了突发状况，我们的雪撬突然撞上了树枝。故选A。
60．句意：我没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。A. way方式；B. hold抓住，支撑点；C. temper脾气；D. sight视线。根据后文"fell off the sled"可知"我"没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。故选B。
61．句意：我愣住了，他的肩膀在流血。A. quit退出；B. insisted坚持说；C. sighed叹气；D. froze愣住。根据后文"His shoulder was bleeding."可知看到Kenai肩膀流血，"我"很紧张，"我"的反应是愣在原地。故选D。
62．句意：Kenai挣扎着站了起来。A. struggled挣扎；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据前文"Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai.(眼看着雪橇停了下来，我艰难地穿过厚厚的积雪来到Kenai)"并结合Kinai受伤可知Kenai也挣扎地努力站起来想继续比赛。故选A。
63．句意：他看着我，蓝色的眼睛乞求我继续下去。A. forcing迫使；B. begging乞求；C. ordering命令；D. persuading劝说。根据后文"He would do it, too."可知Kenai想继续下去，乞求"我"继续下去。故选B。
64．句意：我弯下腰，用毯子轻轻地把Kenai裹了起来。A. took in理解；B. brought up抚养长大；C. talked to与……讲话；D. wrapped up包、裹。根据后文"Kenai in a blanke"可知，我们没有赢得比赛，比赛结束后，我用毯子把它包裹起来去看兽医。故选D。
65．句意：我笑了，意识到我得到了真正有价值的奖品。A. achievement成就；B. companion陪伴；C. prize奖；D. friendship友谊。根据前文"For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner's stand with the trophy. But no."可知我们没有赢得比赛，但是最后"我"收获了与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带，这对"我"而言是真正重要的奖品。故选C。
【答案】66．to embrace；67．happiness；68．geographical；69．for；70．when；71．a；72．itself；73．are torn；74．unforgettable；75．ticking
【知识点】说明文；动词不定式；不可数名词；社会文化类；人文地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了信阳的腊肉的历史以及特点。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，代词，介词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语