广东省深圳宝安区2024届高三冲刺卷二英语试题
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
Traveling to Europe can be so expensive. If you have a tight travel budget, we have other options for your next European vacation. We found some places as cheap as Thailand while looking as pretty as Spain, Greece or Italy.
Bulgaria
Bulgaria is often characterized as being a country of stunning landscapes and friendly people with a rich history of culture. And it has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters. In Bulgaria you can find accommodation for under fifteen dollars per night and a meal at a local restaurant will cost you no more than five dollars. From Sofia the capital, why not take a train to Istanbul for about fifteen dollars What an adventure!
Romania
Romania is a country that not a lot of people know about, but it might be one you want to try on your next trip. Bucharest has a rich, historic architecture and a great nightlife for younger travelers. Besides the capital, there are many other beautiful places to explore in Romania, like you can go to Transylvania and see Dracula's castle. Good accommodation and a lot of restaurants are available here at a low cost. What a deal!
Albania
A perfect alternative to Spain or Italy, Albania has a lot of history and culture, but without all the crowds of tourists that you'll find in those places. It has some of the best beaches in Europe, so you can take advantage of that as well. The food is cheap and the average cost of accommodation in Albania is also low, with around thirty dollars per night for a mid-range budget.
1．What do the three travel options have in common
A．Mild climate. B．Delicious food.
C．Diverse culture. D．Low travel costs.
2．Which place is appealing to those active in the evening
A．Sofia. B．Istanbul. C．Bucharest. D．Transylvania.
3．What sets Albania apart from the other destinations
A．Attractive seaside views. B．Satisfying tourist service.
C．Rich European culture. D．Advanced public transport.
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
All I needed to do to earn the two dollars was to clean her house for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful house with things that were common in her neighborhood, absent in mine.
Working for her brought me a sense of pride, not only because I could immerse myself in little luxuries like movies and candy, but also because I contributed half of my earnings to my mother, ensuring they were used for necessities. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, problems so severe that they were abandoned to the forest. I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile and confirmations that I was adult-like, not childlike.
Little by little, I got better at cleaning her house — good enough to be given more to do. After struggling to move the piano, my limbs ached terribly. Despite wanting to decline or voice my discomfort, I feared losing my job and the independence and respect it afforded me. She began to offer me her clothes, for a price. Impressed by these worn things, which looked simply elegant to a little girl who had only two dresses to wear to school, I bought a few.
Still I had trouble summoning up (鼓起) the courage to object to the increasing demands she made. Despite feeling overwhelmed, I hesitated to voice my concerns, knowing my mother would urge me to quit. However, one day while alone in the kitchen with my father, I expressed my disappointment. In any case, he put down his cup of coffee and said, "Whatever the work is, do it well — not for the boss but for yourself. You make the job; it doesn't make you. You are not the work you do; you are the person you are."
I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and fools, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I've had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father, I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above my self-worth and family value.
4．What mainly enabled the author to bear the burden of work
A．Abundant exposure to entertainment.
B．Satisfaction gained from social work.
C．Inborn abilities to handle work stress.
D．Pride in shouldering family obligations.
5．Which of the following can best describe the author's character
A．Determined and independent. B．Responsible but innocent.
C．Family-oriented and humorous. D．Ambitious but stubborn.
6．What did the author's father make her understand
A．Don't abandon her moral principles.
B．Don't be pessimistic about her identity.
C．Try to express her dissatisfaction in a free way.
D．Try to make a distinction between work and life.
7．Which of the following is the message the author wants to convey
A．Success isn't always guaranteed by hard work alone.
B．Family support can alleviate the pain of challenging work.
C．Don't regard work achievement as a criterion for defining oneself.
D．Social expectations may lead individuals away from their genuine goals.
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
In a normal year, Dayna Reber, a business analyst for a technology consulting firm in Camp Hill, Penn., would finish reading around three books. Thanks to the way Covid-19 has completely changed her daily routine, however, Ms. Reber, 30—who now works from home and rarely socializes offline—has polished off 46 volumes so far in 2020. And that count doesn't include the bedtime stories she reads to her 4-year-old.
For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape. "When the coronavirus hit, I just felt a need to get away from TV and screens."
If binge (放纵地) reading hasn't fully replaced binge-watching Netflix shows quite yet, the trend is certainly making strides. In August 2020, year-over-year sales of print books in the U.S. were up 13%, according to NPD BookScan, which tracks book sales across the U.S. Publishers also report a notable increase in purchases of e-books, as well as all books about politics or related to civil rights, racism and diversity.
Independent booksellers, as well as publishers and authors, deserve considerable credit for fueling the page-turning trend. In March, Octavia Books introduced free shipping or delivery within New Orleans on orders of $25 or more. The bookstore also hosts author events via Zoom. And in Illinois, Page 1 Books established a subscription service, where customers fill out an online profile, noting their literary tastes, and then receive a package each month, a mix of hardcovers and paperbacks.
Jamie Miller, 34, a book blogger and "book-stagrammer" who lives in Harleysville, Penn, has long been a committed reader, but she says the hobby has meant far more importance this year. She now schedules a block of time every morning to read, typically a love or vivid novel. "Everything became so chaotic around me that it was just like what can I control " said Ms. Miller. "My brain just wants something guaranteed to be a happy ending."
8．What was a cause of Reber's achievement in book reading
A．Work requirement. B．Pandemic lockdown.
C．Parenting experience. D．Online recommendation.
9．What does the underlined words "making strides" mean in paragraph 3
A．On the way. B．Keeping pace.
C．In great progress. D．Drawing attention.
10．How did some bookstores react to the trend of offline reading
A．Opening new branches. B．Offering sales promotions.
C．Mailing books for free. D．Providing lending service.
11．What is the text mainly about
A．Reasons behind a book reading hit.
B．Influence of lockdown on people.
C．Trend of video watching on Netflix.
D．Secret to offline bookstore success.
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
A new study examined scientists' peer reviews, or researchers' official statements on others' work, across multiple AI-related conferences. At one such conference, those peer reviews used the word "meticulous" — a buzzword often associated with generative A.I., like ChatGPT — almost 3,400 percent more than the previous year. Other major conferences showed similar patterns. In other words, many researchers were handing, at least, parts of their peer review over to A.I.
What's going on in science is a slice of a much bigger problem. Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes A.I.-generated elements. There are synthetic videos for children on YouTube, like music videos about parrots where the birds have eyes within eyes, singing in an unnatural voice. The narratives make no sense, and characters appear and disappear randomly.
As a neuroscientist, this worries me. Isn't it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive micronutrients — things like reasonable sentences, narrations and character continuity — that developing brains need Einstein supposedly said: "If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be very intelligent, read them more fairy tales." But what happens when a child is consuming mostly A.I.-generated waste We find ourselves in the middle of a vast developmental experiment.
A.I.'s cultural pollution is driven by a desire to fill the Internet's appetite for content as cheaply as possible, which in turn pollutes our culture. And despite public appeals to act against it, A.I. companies are dragging their feet because it goes against the industry's bottom line to have detectable products, which they fear might weaken the model's performance, although there is no current evidence.
To deal with this general refusal to act, we need a Clean Internet Act. Perhaps the simplest solution would be to force built-in watermarking to A.I. generated outputs, like patterns not easily removable. Just as the 20th century required action to protect the shared environment, the 21st century is going to require actions to protect a different but equally critical resource: our shared human culture.
12．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．Children should avoid social media.
B．A.I. writings are unreliable.
C．Synthetic elements make no sense.
D．A.I. pollution is widespread.
13．Why does the author mention Einstein in Paragraph 3
A．To promote experiments on reading.
B．To connect intelligence and fairy tales.
C．To show concerns over cognitive input quality.
D．To contrast stories withA.I. generated content.
14．Which might be a useful way to stop A.I. products polluting our culture
A．Increasing the expense. B．Adding permanent labels.
C．Creating various patterns. D．Building moreA.I. models.
15．Which might be the best title for the text
A．A.I. Garbage Is Polluting our Culture
B．A.I. Companies Change Tech Industry
C．A.I. Performance Continues to Decline
D．A.I. Products Impact Scientific Research
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study. 16．
Giving seems to lower our blood pressure.
17． . One study asked a group of hypertensive (高血压的) people to spend $40 on themselves, while another group of people with high blood pressure were told to spend the money on others. They found that spending money on others had reduced their blood pressure at the end of the six-week study
18．
A recent study found that people who said they would donate money to help orphans were less sensitive to an electric shock than those who declined to give. According to the study, regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation appear to be instantly out of operation by the experience of giving.
Being kind seems to boost happiness.
Another study assigned people to three groups: the first group had to do an act of kindness each day; the second group tried a new activity each day; and the third group did nothing. The first two groups saw a significant boost in happiness. 19． , if you're creative with your acts of kindness, than those who performed the same activity over and over again.
"When doing an act of kindness, you're making the world a better place," said the Random Acts of Kindness foundation, which promotes kindness all year. 20． .
A. It's a win-win for all
B. Giving seems to lessen our pain
C. You'll experience even greater joy
D. But consider being kind to yourself
E. Being kind seems to contribute to our sense of community
F. Giving donations to others has been shown to have that effect
G. However, any kindness you give to others is also a gift to yourself
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Achenyo soon arrived at the water's edge with her pot, and she found a huge surprise. The river was 21． ! In its place was a blanket of dark green leaves and lavender-colored (淡紫色的) flowers.
"Oh no!" Achenyo heard the adults crying, "They've 22． again!" It seemed Mama wouldn't have water to mix the dyes (染料) for her weaving.
Last year, the rainy season had brought a(n) 23． of water hyacinths (水葫芦). The plants had covered the river and left no 24． to dip a pot. Every day, people had to walk into the water and clear enough plants to get water.
What a shame to 25． such pretty flowers, Achenyo thought as she 26． the plants with others and threw them on the riverbank. Then, she had an idea. Carrying the plants under her arm, she got Mama's water and ran home 27． .
"Mama, will you teach me to weave " asked Achenyo. Mama laughed. It was her wish to pass on the 28． to her daughter. But looking at the thick stalks, she was 29． . Achenyo showed her how difficult it was to break and begged 30． Mama said yes. Then they wove together every day after school. It was 31． weaving the stalks into different shapes, but she was 32． .
One afternoon, Achenyo held up her finished work to Mama. It was neatly woven and well decorated. "What a nice mat!" They showed it to their neighbours, who were 33． and began to use the stalks to make things. By the end of the rainy season, the 34． no longer thought of the plant as an invader, but a 35． .
21．A． gone B． shallow C． ruined D． dirty
22．A． risen B． struck C． crashed D． recovered
23．A． fashion B． area C． invasion D． line
24．A． chance B． excuse C． need D． room
25．A． waste B． forget C． miss D． grow
26．A． looked over B． stopped by
C． walked through D． pulled up
27．A． carefully B． absent-mindedly
C． eagerly D． warm-heartedly
28．A． mats B． trade C． tools D． tradition
29．A． doubtful B． hopeless C． disappointed D． stressed
30．A． since B． if C． though D． until
31．A． useful B． tricky C． painful D． risky
32．A． exhausted B． optimistic C． determined D． intelligent
33．A． challenged B． envious C． inspired D． curious
34．A． weavers B． community C． parents D． school
35．A． symbol B． consumer C． means D． provider
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The apsaras, angel-like beings known as feitian in Chinese, are a symbol of the city of Dunhuang. Here, in 36． historic Silk Road oasis in Gansu province, feitian-themed decorations and designs are common, ranging from towering sculptures of heavenly musicians holding Chinese pipa lutes 37． complex drawings of charming beauties bearing flowers on the cups.
Dunhuang has amazed the world with its nearby Mogao Caves, one of the greatest "storerooms" of ancient Buddhist art. 38． (date) back to the 4th century, these artworks cover the 39． (gold) age of the Tang (618-907) and other influential dynasties, 40． the city played an important role as a centre of exchanges between East and West.
Today, the great impact of the murals, sculptures, scripts 41． other major objects discovered in the early 20th century at the UNESCO World Heritage Site still 42． (continue) to be felt beyond the cultural, historical and religious field.
As a major 43． (represent) of traditional Chinese culture, Dunhuang art also offers an important way 44． (distinguish) traditional Chinese culture and help spread an appreciation of 45． all over the world.
46．（2024·宝安模拟） 假定你是李华，上周六参加了学校为高三学生举行的成人仪式。请根据以下要点，向你的外国朋友David介绍成人仪式的有关情况：
1. 活动过程；
2. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：成人仪式 the coming-of-age ceremony
Dear David,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
47．（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a boy, I always wore turtleneck shirts because I was so sensitive and shy. I worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. I was younger than everyone else because my good marks had allowed me to skip second grade, but this added nothing to my already low self-confidence.
When I was 14, my parents divorced (离婚). I moved in with my dad in a new neighborhood, but he was always so busy and had little time for me. It seemed the only time he ever spoke to me was to be demanding or critical. I began to hate coming home from school every day. I sank further into my low self-esteem (自尊) and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated and alone.
One day, my aunt called. This seemed like a miracle to me. Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on my birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest, and she thought I should try it, too. She told me she firmly believed I could perform on stage like the other kids since she had seen me do skits (幽默小品) for the family at Christmas.
I was a little taken aback, Me On stage In a public speaking contest To agree would be contrary to my entire shy personality. But Aunt Ginette was so confident and seemed really serious. Feeling her strong belief, I went against all odds and agreed to enter the contest. All that winter, twice a week after dinner, I took three different buses for the three-hour round-trip to practice in Ville d'Anjou, where the competition would take place. I was taken by an energy I had never felt before. The hours and the obstacles no longer mattered. Although my dad really did love me and wanted the best for me, he disapproved of this new dream, fearing it would take away from my homework time and impact my marks. But I remained a top performer in school and never missed a day.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Four months later, the big night arrived. …… Paragraph 2: When I saw my father's face, his eyes were glowing with pride. ……
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欧洲旅行的三个目的地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据标题"Bulgaria"下段落中的"In Bulgaria you can find accommodation for under fifteen dollars per night and a meal at a local restaurant will cost you no more than five dollars在保加利亚，你可以找到每晚不到15美元的住宿，在当地餐馆吃一顿饭不会超过5美元"、标题"Romania"下段落中的" Good accommodation and a lot of restaurants are available here at a low cost这里住宿条件好，而且有很多餐馆，而且价格低廉"和标题"Albania"下段落中的"The food is cheap and the average cost of accommodation in Albania is also low, with around thirty dollars per night for a mid-range budget阿尔巴尼亚的食物很便宜，住宿的平均费用也很低，中等预算的人每晚大约30美元"，可知这三个旅行选项的共同之处是旅行费用不高，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据标题"Romania"下段落中的"Bucharest has a rich, historic architecture and a great nightlife for younger travelers布加勒斯特拥有丰富的历史建筑和适合年轻游客的夜生活"，可知Bucharest对那些晚上活跃的人有吸引力，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据标题"Albania"下段落中的"It has some of the best beaches in Europe, so you can take advantage of that as well它有一些欧洲最好的海滩，所以你也可以利用这一点"，可知让阿尔巴尼亚与其他目的地区别开来的是迷人的海滨景色，故选A。
【答案】4．D
5．A
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过叙述作者小时候为邻居打扫房间赚取零花钱的经历，展现了作者成长过程中的心路历程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段"Working for her brought me a sense of pride, not only because I could immerse myself in little luxuries like movies and candy, but also because I contributed half of my earnings to my mother, ensuring they were used for necessities 为她工作给我带来了一种自豪感，不仅因为我可以沉浸在像电影和糖果这样的小奢侈品中，还因为我把一半的收入捐给了我母亲，确保这些收入用于生活必需品"，可知承担家庭责任带来的自豪感让作者能够承受工作的重担，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"After struggling to move the piano, my limbs ached terribly. Despite wanting to decline or voice my discomfort, I feared losing my job and the independence and respect it afforded me挣扎着搬动钢琴后，我的四肢痛得厉害。尽管我想拒绝或表达我的不适，但我害怕失去我的工作，失去它给我的独立和尊重"，可知尽管辛苦，但是作者选择了坚持，所以作者是一个有决心的人；根据第二段中的"I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile and confirmations that I was adult-like, not childlike我有一种地位，在家里做日常的家务并不能给我带来——这让我慢慢地笑了笑，并确认我是成年人，而不是孩子"，可知作者认为自己是成年人，不是孩子，说明作者是独立地。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中父亲的话"Whatever the work is, do it well — not for the boss but for yourself. You make the job; it doesn't make you. You are not the work you do; you are the person you are管是什么工作，都要做好——不是为了老板，而是为了你自己。你造就了这份工作；不是工作造就了你。你所做的工作不能代表你；你就是你自己"，可知父亲让作者明白要把自己和工作分开。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段"I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and fools, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I've had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father, I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above my self-worth and family value从那以后，我为各种各样的人工作过，有天才的也有傻瓜的，有机智的也有迟钝的，有心胸宽广的也有心胸狭窄的。我做过很多种工作，但自从和父亲的那次谈话之后，我就不再把劳动水平作为衡量自己的标准，也不再把工作的安全感置于自我价值和家庭价值之上"，可知作者认为不能把工作成就作为衡量自己的标准，不把工作置于自我价值和家庭价值之上，故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．B
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们阅读习惯的变化，尤其是新冠疫情期间。文章侧重于阅读热潮背后的原因分析。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、词义猜测题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话"For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape对雷伯和其他人来说，隔离让他们重新燃起了阅读的热情，这既是困在家里的有益消遣，也是一种可靠的逃避方式"，可知疫情封控是雷伯在读书方面取得成就的原因，故选B。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的"In August 2020, year-over-year sales of print books in the U.S. were up 13%, according to NPD BookScan, which tracks book sales across the U.S根据追踪美国图书销售情况的NPD BookScan的数据，2020年8月，美国纸质书的销量同比增长了13%"，可知划线词应是"进展顺利"之一，与选项C同意，故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Octavia Books introduced free shipping or delivery within New Orleans on orders of $25 or more. The bookstore also hosts author events via Zoom. And in Illinois, Page 1 Books established a subscription service, where customers fill out an online profile, noting their literary tastes, and then receive a package each month, a mix of hardcovers and paperbacks奥克塔维亚图书公司(Octavia Books)推出了在新奥尔良市内订购25美元或以上图书的免费送货服务。这家书店还通过Zoom举办作家活动。在伊利诺斯州，Page 1 Books建立了一项订阅服务，顾客在网上填写一份资料，注明自己的文学品味，然后每个月收到一个包裹，里面有精装书和装书"，可知书店采用了各种促销手段应对线下阅读的趋势，故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中的"For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape对雷伯和其他人来说，隔离让他们重新燃起了阅读的热情，这既是困在家里的有益消遣，也是一种可靠的逃避方式"，可知文章讨论了人们阅读习惯的变化，尤其是新冠疫情期间。文章侧重于阅读热潮背后的原因分析，故选A。
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．B
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能（AI）在科学研究和社会文化领域中日益增长的应用及其带来的潜在影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"At one such conference, those peer reviews used the word ‘meticulous' — a buzzword often associated with generative A.I., like ChatGPT — almost 3,400 percent more than the previous year. "在一次这样的会议上，同行评审使用了"meticulous"这个词——一个经常与生成式人工智能联系在一起的流行词，比如ChatGPT——几乎比前一年多了3400%；以及第二段中的"Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes A.I.-generated elements. "现在，社交媒体上的任何热门帖子几乎都肯定包含人工智能生成的元素。可知，第一段讨论了AI在科学同行评审中日益增加的使用，特别是指出了"meticulous"这个词的使用率与前一年相比增加了近3400%。第二段则转移到了社交媒体上人工智能内容的泛滥。这两段共同展现了AI生成内容的普遍性以及它可能对人类文化和交流造成的污染。故选D。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段"As a neuroscientist, this worries me. Isn't it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive micronutrients — things like reasonable sentences, narrations and character continuity — that developing brains need Einstein supposedly said: ‘If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be very intelligent, read them more fairy tales.' But what happens when a child is consuming mostly A.I.-generated waste We find ourselves in the middle of a vast developmental experiment. "作为一名神经科学家，这让我很担心。人类文化是否可能包含了认知微量营养素——比如合理的句子、叙述和人物连续性——这些是大脑发育所需要的 据说爱因斯坦说过："如果你想让你的孩子聪明，给他们读童话故事。"如果你想让他们变得非常聪明，那就多给他们读童话吧。"但是，当一个孩子消耗的主要是人工智能产生的废物时，会发生什么呢？我们发现自己正处于一个巨大的发展实验中。可知，在第三段中，作者提到爱因斯坦关于想象力的重要性，并强调孩子们需要阅读高质量的书籍来发展他们的想象力。接着，作者通过对比孩子们消费AI生成的"垃圾"内容和阅读经典故事，表达了对孩子们认知输入质量的担忧。这种担忧与爱因斯坦强调的想象力的重要性形成了鲜明对比，突显了高质量内容对于儿童认知发展的重要性。因此，作者提到爱因斯坦是为了强调对认知输入质量的关注。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段"To deal with this general refusal to act, we need a Clean Internet Act. Perhaps the simplest solution would be to force built-in watermarking to A.I. generated outputs, like patterns not easily removable. Just as the 20th century required action to protect the shared environment, the 21st century is going to require actions to protect a different but equally critical resource: our shared human culture. "为了应对这种普遍的拒绝行动，我们需要一个清洁互联网法案。也许最简单的解决方案是将内置水印强制添加到人工智能生成的输出中，比如不易移除的图案。正如20世纪需要采取行动保护共同的环境一样，21世纪将需要采取行动保护另一种不同但同样重要的资源：我们共同的人类文化。可知，作者建议通过立法（如"清洁互联网法案"）来要求AI生成的内容带有水印，以识别其来源和性质。这种方式实际上就是在AI生成的内容上添加永久标签，从而帮助人们区分哪些是AI生成的内容，哪些是真实的人类创作。因此，添加永久标签是一个可能有效的方式来阻止AI生成的内容污染我们的文化。故选B。
15．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知可知，本文介绍了AI在社交媒体内容生成，特别是面向儿童的内容生成中的广泛应用，以及这种趋势对人类文化和儿童发展的潜在影响。作者表达了对AI生成内容可能污染人类文化的担忧，并提出了通过立法要求AI生成的内容带有水印作为解决方案。"AI垃圾正在污染我们的文化"准确地概括了文章的核心内容和主题，适合作本文标题，故选A。
【答案】16．A；17．F；18．B；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了善行对个人健康和幸福感的影响。
A. 这对所有人都是双赢的
B. 给予似乎能减轻我们的痛苦
C. 你会体验到更大的快乐
D. 但是考虑对自己好一点
E. 善良似乎有助于我们的社区意识
F. 给别人捐款已经被证明有这样的效果
G. 然而，你给别人的任何善意也是给自己的礼物
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格前的"Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study一项研究表明，传播善意不仅能让别人感觉更好，还能促进施予者的健康和幸福"，可知传播善行是一件双赢的事情，故选A。
17．选项F"Giving donations to others has been shown to have that effect给别人捐款已经被证明有这样的效果"中的that effect指代的是段落标题"Giving seems to lower our blood pressure给予似乎能降低我们的血压"中的"to lower our blood pressure"，而且空格后句用使用进一步验证了这一影响，故选F。
18．段落标题位置。根据段落中的"According to the study, regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation appear to be instantly out of operation by the experience of giving根据这项研究，大脑中对痛苦刺激做出反应的区域似乎在给予的经历中立即失去了作用"，可知给予似乎能减轻我们的痛苦，故选B。
19．段落标题"Being kind seems to boost happiness善良似乎能提升幸福感"指出善良能提升幸福感；选项C"You'll experience even greater joy你会体验到更大的快乐"与标题中的boost happiness相呼应，进一步强调行善可以带来更大的快乐，故选C。
20．选项G"However, any kindness you give to others is also a gift to yourself然而，你给别人的任何善意也是给自己的礼物"与第一段中的"Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study一项研究表明，传播善意不仅能让别人感觉更好，还能促进施予者的健康和幸福"首尾呼应，故选G。
【答案】21．A；22．B；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．C；33．C；34．B；35．D
【知识点】环境保护类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Achenyo和妈妈通过创造性的方法将入侵者水葫芦转变为有用的资源，并影响了整个社区对这个问题的看法。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：河水消失了。A. gone消失的；B. shallow浅的；C. ruined毁坏的；D. dirty脏的。根据下文"In its place was a blanket of dark green leaves and lavender-colored (淡紫色的) flowers取而代之的是一片深绿色的叶子和淡紫色的花朵"，可知河流被水葫芦覆盖，所以河流看似消失了，故选A。
22．句意：他们又卡住了！A. risen升起；B. struck袭击；C. crashed坠毁；D. recovered恢复。根据下文"ast year, the rainy season had brought a(n) 3of water hyacinths"，可知水葫芦去年出现过，所以此处是指水葫芦再次袭击在了这里，故选B。
23．句意：去年，雨季带来了水葫芦的入侵。A. fashion时尚；B. area区域；C. invasion入侵；D. line线。根据下文"The plants had covered the river and left no 4to dip a pot"，可知水葫芦入侵了河流并覆盖整个河流，故选C。
24．句意：这些植物已经盖满了河流，没有地方让花盆沾水。A. chance机会；B. excuse借口；C. need需要；D. room空间。根据下文" Every day, people had to walk into the water and clear enough plants to get water每天，人们不得不走到水里，清除足够的植物来取水"，可知水葫芦覆盖整片河流区域，不留一点空间，故选D。
25．句意：浪费这么漂亮的花真是太可惜了，阿彻约一边想，一边和别人一起把花拔了起来，扔到河岸上。A. waste浪费；B. forget忘记；C. miss错过；D. grow成长。根据下文"It was 11weaving the stalks into different shapes"，可知Achenyo用水葫芦来编织，所以她认为把水葫芦扔到岸边是很浪费的，故选A。
26．句意：浪费这么漂亮的花真是太可惜了，阿彻约一边想，一边和别人一起把花拔了起来，扔到河岸上。A. looked over检查；B. stopped by被阻止；C. walked through穿过；D. pulled up向上拉。根据下文"threw them on the riverbank扔到岸边"，可知此处是指人们把水葫芦拔起来并扔到岸边，故选D。
27．句意：她腋下夹着植物，拿了妈妈的水，急切地跑回家。A. carefully认真地；B. absent-mindedly心不在焉地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. warm-heartedly热心地。根据上文"Then, she had an idea然后，她有了一个主意"，可知此处是指她迫不及待地回家和妈妈分享自己的想法，故选C。
28．句意：她希望把这门手艺传给女儿。A. mats地垫；B. trade手艺；C. tools工具；D. tradition传统。根据上文"Mama, will you teach me to weave 妈妈，你能教我编织吗"，可知妈妈一直想把编织的手艺传给女儿，故选B。
29．句意：但看着粗茎，她有点怀疑。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. hopeless无望的；C. disappointed失望的；D. stressed压抑的。根据下文"Achenyo showed her how difficult it was to break and begged 10 Mama said yes"，可知Achenyo通过展示水葫芦的坚韧和乞求，妈妈才同意了她的想法，所以一开始妈妈对 Achenyo 的想法持怀疑态度，故选A。
30．句意：阿彻约向她展示了打破这一切是多么困难，她不停地乞求，直到妈妈同意。A. since自从；B. if如果；C. though尽管；D. until直到。根据下文"Then they wove together every day after school然后他们每天放学后都在一起编织"，可知Achenyo乞求妈妈用水葫芦编织，直到妈妈同意，故选D。
31．句意：把麦秆编织成不同的形状是件棘手的事，但她下定了决心。A. useful有用的；B. tricky难对付的；C. painful痛苦的；D. risky冒险的。根据空格后的"weaving the stalks into different shapes把茎秆编织成不同的形状"和转折连词but，可知编织粗壮的水葫芦茎秆是有困难的，故选B。
32．句意：把麦秆编织成不同的形状是件棘手的事，但她下定了决心。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. determined有决心的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据空格前的but，可知虽然编织粗壮的水葫芦茎秆是有困难的，但是Acheny下定了决心，故选C。
33．句意：他们把它拿给邻居们看，邻居们受了启发，开始用这些茎秆做东西。A. challenged有挑战性的；B. envious嫉妒的；C. inspired受启发的；D. curious好奇的。根据空格后的"began to use the stalks to make things开始用秸秆做东西"，结合选项，可知人们受到Achenyo的启发，开始用秸秆做东西，故选C。
34．句意：到雨季结束时，这个社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，而是一种提供者。A. weavers编织工；B. community社区；C. parents父母；D. school学校。根据上文"They showed it to their neighbours, who were 13and began to use the stalks to make things"，结合选项，可知邻居们都在用水葫芦茎秆编织物品，所以Achenyo的想法是社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，故选B。
35．句意：到雨季结束时，这个社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，而是一种提供者。A. symbol符号；B. consumer消费者；C. means方式；D. provider提供者。根据上文"no longer thought of the plant as an invader不再认为这种植物是入侵者"和故事中邻居们用水葫芦得劲茎秆编织物品，可知水葫芦为人们提供了编织的原材料，故选D。
【答案】36．the；37．to；38．Dating；39．golden；40．when；41．and；42．continues；43．representation；44．to distinguish；45．it
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了敦煌这座城市及其文化象征——飞天，以及敦煌著名的莫高窟和其丰富的古代佛教艺术。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及冠词、介词、非谓语动词、形容词、定语从句、连词、谓语动词、名词和代词等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：在历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲甘肃省，以飞天为主题的装饰和设计很常见，从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画。空格后的"historic Silk Road oasis in Gansu province甘肃省历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲"是专有名词，专有名词前应使用定冠词，故填the。
37．句意：在历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲甘肃省，以飞天为主题的装饰和设计很常见，从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画。range from...to...是固定短语，意"（从……到……内）变动"，在句中意"从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画"，故填to。
38．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。非谓语动词短语" 3 (date) back to the 4th century"在句中作状语，与句子主语 "these artworks这些艺术品"构成主动关系，应使用V-ing关系，故填Dating。
39．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。根据常见结构"冠词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示"黄金时代"，故填golden。
40．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。分析句子结构，可知空格处应是非限制性定语从句的关系词；先行词是"the Tang (618-907) and other influential dynasties唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代"，指时间，在定语从句中作状语，所以空格处应使用指时间的关系副词，故填when。
41．句意：今天，20世纪初在联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址发现的壁画、雕塑、手稿和其他主要物品的巨大影响，仍然继续超出文化、历史和宗教领域。空格前的"the murals, sculptures, scripts壁画，雕塑，手稿"和空格后的"other major objects其他主要物品"是并列关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。
42．句意：今天，20世纪初在联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址发现的壁画、雕塑、手稿和其他主要物品的巨大影响，仍然继续超出文化、历史和宗教领域。根据上下文，可知本文描述的主要是现在常见的、习惯性的动作，应使用一般现在时态；句子主语" the great impact"是单数，所以谓语动词也应使用单三形式，故填continues。
43．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。根据常见结构"冠词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处需要填入单数名词，故填representation。
44．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。根据句意，空格后的" 9 (distinguish) traditional Chinese culture and help spread an appreciation of 10all over the world"是空格前"Dunhuang art also offers an important way"的目的状语，所以空格处应使用动词不定式结构，故填to distinguish。
45．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。分析句子结构，可知空格处所填词指代上文中的"traditional Chinese culture"；traditional Chinese culture是抽象名词，应使用it。故填it。
46．【答案】Dear David,I hope you're doing well. I'm writing to tell you about a meaningful event, the coming-of-age ceremony for the Senior Three students, marking our journey into adulthood as we've all turned 18.
Our principal initiated the ceremony with an uplifting speech about our future responsibilities and the new stage of life that lies ahead. Then, in a deeply touching part of the program, my classmates and I read letters written by our parents, which were filled with love, advice, and memories. We then took turns to express our gratitude for our upbringing and shared our determination to face adult life with courage and integrity.
Experiencing the ritual made me incredibly excited for what's to come. I am stepping into this new phase with a heart brimming with hope and eyes wide open to the possibilities.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 ，向你的外国朋友David介绍成人仪式的有关情况 。写作背景： 上周六你参加了学校为高三学生举行的成人仪式。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动过程；2. 你的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope you're doing well. 运用了宾语从句； I'm writing to tell you about a meaningful event, the coming-of-age ceremony for the Senior Three students, marking our journey into adulthood as we've all turned 18.运用了不定式作目的状语，现在分词作状语，原因状语从句；Our principal initiated the ceremony with an uplifting speech about our future responsibilities and the new stage of life that lies ahead. 运用了限制性定语从句； Then, in a deeply touching part of the program, my classmates and I read letters written by our parents, which were filled with love, advice, and memories. 运用了过去分词作状语，非限制性定语从句；Experiencing the ritual made me incredibly excited for what's to come.运用了动名词作主语；I am stepping into this new phase with a heart brimming with hope and eyes wide open to the possibilities.运用了with的复合结构。
47．【答案】Four months later, the big night arrived. Nervousness still seized me in front of so many people. Taking a deep breath, I regained my calmness and stepped onto the stage while familiar lines of my speech began to whirl in my mind. And when I was about to start, I caught sight of Aunt Ginette, and, surprisingly, my dad, looking at me with expectation. Filled with energy, I wore a big smile and poured out every sentence with fluency. No sooner had I finished the speech than I received a warm applause. With joy, I quickly rushed down to greet my father.
When I saw my father's face, his eyes were glowing with pride. His previous critical words were replaced by an excited "congratulations" along with a rarely-seen thumbs-up. Tears filled his eyes, seemingly reflecting complex emotions. Next to him, my aunt's face lit up with a warm and comforting smile, reminding me of everything that I had gone through. Through their proud expressions, I could tell that it was the effort of us all, either visible or invisible, that drove me to the destination where my shyness had disappeared.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者小时候非常敏感和害羞，努力学习以获得优异的成绩。作者14岁时，父母离婚，作者跟随父亲一起生活，但是父亲很忙，很少有时间陪作者。似乎他唯一一次对作者说话就是提出要求或批评，为此作者对自己没有什么信心。一天作者的阿姨打电话让他参加公开演讲比赛，刚开始作者犹豫不决，但是阿姨鼓励他，相信他，最终作者同意参加比赛。之后一整个冬天，作者都每周两次在晚饭后乘坐三辆不同的巴士往返三个小时，前往比赛举办地进行训练。最终作者顺利完成了比赛，获得了一等奖，作者的父亲意识到自己应该欣赏孩子而不是批评。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"四个月后，重要的夜晚到来了。"可知，第一段可描写作者参加比赛时很紧张，但努力控制自己的情绪，在台上流利地演讲。②由第二段首句内容"当我看到父亲的脸时，他的眼睛闪闪发光——他是那么自豪。"可知，第二段可描写作者从父亲自豪的眼神获得力量顺利完成比赛。赛后，父亲鼓励称赞作者，意识到自己应该多欣赏作者而不是批评，作者听到父亲的话后很感动，最后作者获得了一等奖。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Taking a deep breath, I regained my calmness and stepped onto the stage while familiar lines of my speech began to whirl in my mind. 运用了现在分词作状语，时间状语从句；And when I was about to start, I caught sight of Aunt Ginette, and, surprisingly, my dad, looking at me with expectation.运用了时间状语从句；No sooner had I finished the speech than I received a warm applause.运用了时间状语从句，倒装句；His previous critical words were replaced by an excited "congratulations" along with a rarely-seen thumbs-up. 运用了宾语从句； Tears filled his eyes, seemingly reflecting complex emotions. 运用了现在分词作状语；Next to him, my aunt's face lit up with a warm and comforting smile, reminding me of everything that I had gone through. 运用了现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句；Through their proud expressions, I could tell that it was the effort of us all, either visible or invisible, that drove me to the destination where my shyness had disappeared.运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句。
1 / 1广东省深圳宝安区2024届高三冲刺卷二英语试题
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
Traveling to Europe can be so expensive. If you have a tight travel budget, we have other options for your next European vacation. We found some places as cheap as Thailand while looking as pretty as Spain, Greece or Italy.
Bulgaria
Bulgaria is often characterized as being a country of stunning landscapes and friendly people with a rich history of culture. And it has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters. In Bulgaria you can find accommodation for under fifteen dollars per night and a meal at a local restaurant will cost you no more than five dollars. From Sofia the capital, why not take a train to Istanbul for about fifteen dollars What an adventure!
Romania
Romania is a country that not a lot of people know about, but it might be one you want to try on your next trip. Bucharest has a rich, historic architecture and a great nightlife for younger travelers. Besides the capital, there are many other beautiful places to explore in Romania, like you can go to Transylvania and see Dracula's castle. Good accommodation and a lot of restaurants are available here at a low cost. What a deal!
Albania
A perfect alternative to Spain or Italy, Albania has a lot of history and culture, but without all the crowds of tourists that you'll find in those places. It has some of the best beaches in Europe, so you can take advantage of that as well. The food is cheap and the average cost of accommodation in Albania is also low, with around thirty dollars per night for a mid-range budget.
1．What do the three travel options have in common
A．Mild climate. B．Delicious food.
C．Diverse culture. D．Low travel costs.
2．Which place is appealing to those active in the evening
A．Sofia. B．Istanbul. C．Bucharest. D．Transylvania.
3．What sets Albania apart from the other destinations
A．Attractive seaside views. B．Satisfying tourist service.
C．Rich European culture. D．Advanced public transport.
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欧洲旅行的三个目的地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据标题"Bulgaria"下段落中的"In Bulgaria you can find accommodation for under fifteen dollars per night and a meal at a local restaurant will cost you no more than five dollars在保加利亚，你可以找到每晚不到15美元的住宿，在当地餐馆吃一顿饭不会超过5美元"、标题"Romania"下段落中的" Good accommodation and a lot of restaurants are available here at a low cost这里住宿条件好，而且有很多餐馆，而且价格低廉"和标题"Albania"下段落中的"The food is cheap and the average cost of accommodation in Albania is also low, with around thirty dollars per night for a mid-range budget阿尔巴尼亚的食物很便宜，住宿的平均费用也很低，中等预算的人每晚大约30美元"，可知这三个旅行选项的共同之处是旅行费用不高，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据标题"Romania"下段落中的"Bucharest has a rich, historic architecture and a great nightlife for younger travelers布加勒斯特拥有丰富的历史建筑和适合年轻游客的夜生活"，可知Bucharest对那些晚上活跃的人有吸引力，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据标题"Albania"下段落中的"It has some of the best beaches in Europe, so you can take advantage of that as well它有一些欧洲最好的海滩，所以你也可以利用这一点"，可知让阿尔巴尼亚与其他目的地区别开来的是迷人的海滨景色，故选A。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
All I needed to do to earn the two dollars was to clean her house for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful house with things that were common in her neighborhood, absent in mine.
Working for her brought me a sense of pride, not only because I could immerse myself in little luxuries like movies and candy, but also because I contributed half of my earnings to my mother, ensuring they were used for necessities. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, problems so severe that they were abandoned to the forest. I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile and confirmations that I was adult-like, not childlike.
Little by little, I got better at cleaning her house — good enough to be given more to do. After struggling to move the piano, my limbs ached terribly. Despite wanting to decline or voice my discomfort, I feared losing my job and the independence and respect it afforded me. She began to offer me her clothes, for a price. Impressed by these worn things, which looked simply elegant to a little girl who had only two dresses to wear to school, I bought a few.
Still I had trouble summoning up (鼓起) the courage to object to the increasing demands she made. Despite feeling overwhelmed, I hesitated to voice my concerns, knowing my mother would urge me to quit. However, one day while alone in the kitchen with my father, I expressed my disappointment. In any case, he put down his cup of coffee and said, "Whatever the work is, do it well — not for the boss but for yourself. You make the job; it doesn't make you. You are not the work you do; you are the person you are."
I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and fools, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I've had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father, I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above my self-worth and family value.
4．What mainly enabled the author to bear the burden of work
A．Abundant exposure to entertainment.
B．Satisfaction gained from social work.
C．Inborn abilities to handle work stress.
D．Pride in shouldering family obligations.
5．Which of the following can best describe the author's character
A．Determined and independent. B．Responsible but innocent.
C．Family-oriented and humorous. D．Ambitious but stubborn.
6．What did the author's father make her understand
A．Don't abandon her moral principles.
B．Don't be pessimistic about her identity.
C．Try to express her dissatisfaction in a free way.
D．Try to make a distinction between work and life.
7．Which of the following is the message the author wants to convey
A．Success isn't always guaranteed by hard work alone.
B．Family support can alleviate the pain of challenging work.
C．Don't regard work achievement as a criterion for defining oneself.
D．Social expectations may lead individuals away from their genuine goals.
【答案】4．D
5．A
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过叙述作者小时候为邻居打扫房间赚取零花钱的经历，展现了作者成长过程中的心路历程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段"Working for her brought me a sense of pride, not only because I could immerse myself in little luxuries like movies and candy, but also because I contributed half of my earnings to my mother, ensuring they were used for necessities 为她工作给我带来了一种自豪感，不仅因为我可以沉浸在像电影和糖果这样的小奢侈品中，还因为我把一半的收入捐给了我母亲，确保这些收入用于生活必需品"，可知承担家庭责任带来的自豪感让作者能够承受工作的重担，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"After struggling to move the piano, my limbs ached terribly. Despite wanting to decline or voice my discomfort, I feared losing my job and the independence and respect it afforded me挣扎着搬动钢琴后，我的四肢痛得厉害。尽管我想拒绝或表达我的不适，但我害怕失去我的工作，失去它给我的独立和尊重"，可知尽管辛苦，但是作者选择了坚持，所以作者是一个有决心的人；根据第二段中的"I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile and confirmations that I was adult-like, not childlike我有一种地位，在家里做日常的家务并不能给我带来——这让我慢慢地笑了笑，并确认我是成年人，而不是孩子"，可知作者认为自己是成年人，不是孩子，说明作者是独立地。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中父亲的话"Whatever the work is, do it well — not for the boss but for yourself. You make the job; it doesn't make you. You are not the work you do; you are the person you are管是什么工作，都要做好——不是为了老板，而是为了你自己。你造就了这份工作；不是工作造就了你。你所做的工作不能代表你；你就是你自己"，可知父亲让作者明白要把自己和工作分开。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段"I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and fools, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I've had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father, I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above my self-worth and family value从那以后，我为各种各样的人工作过，有天才的也有傻瓜的，有机智的也有迟钝的，有心胸宽广的也有心胸狭窄的。我做过很多种工作，但自从和父亲的那次谈话之后，我就不再把劳动水平作为衡量自己的标准，也不再把工作的安全感置于自我价值和家庭价值之上"，可知作者认为不能把工作成就作为衡量自己的标准，不把工作置于自我价值和家庭价值之上，故选C。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
In a normal year, Dayna Reber, a business analyst for a technology consulting firm in Camp Hill, Penn., would finish reading around three books. Thanks to the way Covid-19 has completely changed her daily routine, however, Ms. Reber, 30—who now works from home and rarely socializes offline—has polished off 46 volumes so far in 2020. And that count doesn't include the bedtime stories she reads to her 4-year-old.
For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape. "When the coronavirus hit, I just felt a need to get away from TV and screens."
If binge (放纵地) reading hasn't fully replaced binge-watching Netflix shows quite yet, the trend is certainly making strides. In August 2020, year-over-year sales of print books in the U.S. were up 13%, according to NPD BookScan, which tracks book sales across the U.S. Publishers also report a notable increase in purchases of e-books, as well as all books about politics or related to civil rights, racism and diversity.
Independent booksellers, as well as publishers and authors, deserve considerable credit for fueling the page-turning trend. In March, Octavia Books introduced free shipping or delivery within New Orleans on orders of $25 or more. The bookstore also hosts author events via Zoom. And in Illinois, Page 1 Books established a subscription service, where customers fill out an online profile, noting their literary tastes, and then receive a package each month, a mix of hardcovers and paperbacks.
Jamie Miller, 34, a book blogger and "book-stagrammer" who lives in Harleysville, Penn, has long been a committed reader, but she says the hobby has meant far more importance this year. She now schedules a block of time every morning to read, typically a love or vivid novel. "Everything became so chaotic around me that it was just like what can I control " said Ms. Miller. "My brain just wants something guaranteed to be a happy ending."
8．What was a cause of Reber's achievement in book reading
A．Work requirement. B．Pandemic lockdown.
C．Parenting experience. D．Online recommendation.
9．What does the underlined words "making strides" mean in paragraph 3
A．On the way. B．Keeping pace.
C．In great progress. D．Drawing attention.
10．How did some bookstores react to the trend of offline reading
A．Opening new branches. B．Offering sales promotions.
C．Mailing books for free. D．Providing lending service.
11．What is the text mainly about
A．Reasons behind a book reading hit.
B．Influence of lockdown on people.
C．Trend of video watching on Netflix.
D．Secret to offline bookstore success.
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．B
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们阅读习惯的变化，尤其是新冠疫情期间。文章侧重于阅读热潮背后的原因分析。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、词义猜测题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话"For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape对雷伯和其他人来说，隔离让他们重新燃起了阅读的热情，这既是困在家里的有益消遣，也是一种可靠的逃避方式"，可知疫情封控是雷伯在读书方面取得成就的原因，故选B。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的"In August 2020, year-over-year sales of print books in the U.S. were up 13%, according to NPD BookScan, which tracks book sales across the U.S根据追踪美国图书销售情况的NPD BookScan的数据，2020年8月，美国纸质书的销量同比增长了13%"，可知划线词应是"进展顺利"之一，与选项C同意，故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Octavia Books introduced free shipping or delivery within New Orleans on orders of $25 or more. The bookstore also hosts author events via Zoom. And in Illinois, Page 1 Books established a subscription service, where customers fill out an online profile, noting their literary tastes, and then receive a package each month, a mix of hardcovers and paperbacks奥克塔维亚图书公司(Octavia Books)推出了在新奥尔良市内订购25美元或以上图书的免费送货服务。这家书店还通过Zoom举办作家活动。在伊利诺斯州，Page 1 Books建立了一项订阅服务，顾客在网上填写一份资料，注明自己的文学品味，然后每个月收到一个包裹，里面有精装书和装书"，可知书店采用了各种促销手段应对线下阅读的趋势，故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中的"For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape对雷伯和其他人来说，隔离让他们重新燃起了阅读的热情，这既是困在家里的有益消遣，也是一种可靠的逃避方式"，可知文章讨论了人们阅读习惯的变化，尤其是新冠疫情期间。文章侧重于阅读热潮背后的原因分析，故选A。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读理解
A new study examined scientists' peer reviews, or researchers' official statements on others' work, across multiple AI-related conferences. At one such conference, those peer reviews used the word "meticulous" — a buzzword often associated with generative A.I., like ChatGPT — almost 3,400 percent more than the previous year. Other major conferences showed similar patterns. In other words, many researchers were handing, at least, parts of their peer review over to A.I.
What's going on in science is a slice of a much bigger problem. Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes A.I.-generated elements. There are synthetic videos for children on YouTube, like music videos about parrots where the birds have eyes within eyes, singing in an unnatural voice. The narratives make no sense, and characters appear and disappear randomly.
As a neuroscientist, this worries me. Isn't it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive micronutrients — things like reasonable sentences, narrations and character continuity — that developing brains need Einstein supposedly said: "If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be very intelligent, read them more fairy tales." But what happens when a child is consuming mostly A.I.-generated waste We find ourselves in the middle of a vast developmental experiment.
A.I.'s cultural pollution is driven by a desire to fill the Internet's appetite for content as cheaply as possible, which in turn pollutes our culture. And despite public appeals to act against it, A.I. companies are dragging their feet because it goes against the industry's bottom line to have detectable products, which they fear might weaken the model's performance, although there is no current evidence.
To deal with this general refusal to act, we need a Clean Internet Act. Perhaps the simplest solution would be to force built-in watermarking to A.I. generated outputs, like patterns not easily removable. Just as the 20th century required action to protect the shared environment, the 21st century is going to require actions to protect a different but equally critical resource: our shared human culture.
12．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．Children should avoid social media.
B．A.I. writings are unreliable.
C．Synthetic elements make no sense.
D．A.I. pollution is widespread.
13．Why does the author mention Einstein in Paragraph 3
A．To promote experiments on reading.
B．To connect intelligence and fairy tales.
C．To show concerns over cognitive input quality.
D．To contrast stories withA.I. generated content.
14．Which might be a useful way to stop A.I. products polluting our culture
A．Increasing the expense. B．Adding permanent labels.
C．Creating various patterns. D．Building moreA.I. models.
15．Which might be the best title for the text
A．A.I. Garbage Is Polluting our Culture
B．A.I. Companies Change Tech Industry
C．A.I. Performance Continues to Decline
D．A.I. Products Impact Scientific Research
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．B
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能（AI）在科学研究和社会文化领域中日益增长的应用及其带来的潜在影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"At one such conference, those peer reviews used the word ‘meticulous' — a buzzword often associated with generative A.I., like ChatGPT — almost 3,400 percent more than the previous year. "在一次这样的会议上，同行评审使用了"meticulous"这个词——一个经常与生成式人工智能联系在一起的流行词，比如ChatGPT——几乎比前一年多了3400%；以及第二段中的"Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes A.I.-generated elements. "现在，社交媒体上的任何热门帖子几乎都肯定包含人工智能生成的元素。可知，第一段讨论了AI在科学同行评审中日益增加的使用，特别是指出了"meticulous"这个词的使用率与前一年相比增加了近3400%。第二段则转移到了社交媒体上人工智能内容的泛滥。这两段共同展现了AI生成内容的普遍性以及它可能对人类文化和交流造成的污染。故选D。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段"As a neuroscientist, this worries me. Isn't it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive micronutrients — things like reasonable sentences, narrations and character continuity — that developing brains need Einstein supposedly said: ‘If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be very intelligent, read them more fairy tales.' But what happens when a child is consuming mostly A.I.-generated waste We find ourselves in the middle of a vast developmental experiment. "作为一名神经科学家，这让我很担心。人类文化是否可能包含了认知微量营养素——比如合理的句子、叙述和人物连续性——这些是大脑发育所需要的 据说爱因斯坦说过："如果你想让你的孩子聪明，给他们读童话故事。"如果你想让他们变得非常聪明，那就多给他们读童话吧。"但是，当一个孩子消耗的主要是人工智能产生的废物时，会发生什么呢？我们发现自己正处于一个巨大的发展实验中。可知，在第三段中，作者提到爱因斯坦关于想象力的重要性，并强调孩子们需要阅读高质量的书籍来发展他们的想象力。接着，作者通过对比孩子们消费AI生成的"垃圾"内容和阅读经典故事，表达了对孩子们认知输入质量的担忧。这种担忧与爱因斯坦强调的想象力的重要性形成了鲜明对比，突显了高质量内容对于儿童认知发展的重要性。因此，作者提到爱因斯坦是为了强调对认知输入质量的关注。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段"To deal with this general refusal to act, we need a Clean Internet Act. Perhaps the simplest solution would be to force built-in watermarking to A.I. generated outputs, like patterns not easily removable. Just as the 20th century required action to protect the shared environment, the 21st century is going to require actions to protect a different but equally critical resource: our shared human culture. "为了应对这种普遍的拒绝行动，我们需要一个清洁互联网法案。也许最简单的解决方案是将内置水印强制添加到人工智能生成的输出中，比如不易移除的图案。正如20世纪需要采取行动保护共同的环境一样，21世纪将需要采取行动保护另一种不同但同样重要的资源：我们共同的人类文化。可知，作者建议通过立法（如"清洁互联网法案"）来要求AI生成的内容带有水印，以识别其来源和性质。这种方式实际上就是在AI生成的内容上添加永久标签，从而帮助人们区分哪些是AI生成的内容，哪些是真实的人类创作。因此，添加永久标签是一个可能有效的方式来阻止AI生成的内容污染我们的文化。故选B。
15．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知可知，本文介绍了AI在社交媒体内容生成，特别是面向儿童的内容生成中的广泛应用，以及这种趋势对人类文化和儿童发展的潜在影响。作者表达了对AI生成内容可能污染人类文化的担忧，并提出了通过立法要求AI生成的内容带有水印作为解决方案。"AI垃圾正在污染我们的文化"准确地概括了文章的核心内容和主题，适合作本文标题，故选A。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study. 16．
Giving seems to lower our blood pressure.
17． . One study asked a group of hypertensive (高血压的) people to spend $40 on themselves, while another group of people with high blood pressure were told to spend the money on others. They found that spending money on others had reduced their blood pressure at the end of the six-week study
18．
A recent study found that people who said they would donate money to help orphans were less sensitive to an electric shock than those who declined to give. According to the study, regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation appear to be instantly out of operation by the experience of giving.
Being kind seems to boost happiness.
Another study assigned people to three groups: the first group had to do an act of kindness each day; the second group tried a new activity each day; and the third group did nothing. The first two groups saw a significant boost in happiness. 19． , if you're creative with your acts of kindness, than those who performed the same activity over and over again.
"When doing an act of kindness, you're making the world a better place," said the Random Acts of Kindness foundation, which promotes kindness all year. 20． .
A. It's a win-win for all
B. Giving seems to lessen our pain
C. You'll experience even greater joy
D. But consider being kind to yourself
E. Being kind seems to contribute to our sense of community
F. Giving donations to others has been shown to have that effect
G. However, any kindness you give to others is also a gift to yourself
【答案】16．A；17．F；18．B；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了善行对个人健康和幸福感的影响。
A. 这对所有人都是双赢的
B. 给予似乎能减轻我们的痛苦
C. 你会体验到更大的快乐
D. 但是考虑对自己好一点
E. 善良似乎有助于我们的社区意识
F. 给别人捐款已经被证明有这样的效果
G. 然而，你给别人的任何善意也是给自己的礼物
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格前的"Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study一项研究表明，传播善意不仅能让别人感觉更好，还能促进施予者的健康和幸福"，可知传播善行是一件双赢的事情，故选A。
17．选项F"Giving donations to others has been shown to have that effect给别人捐款已经被证明有这样的效果"中的that effect指代的是段落标题"Giving seems to lower our blood pressure给予似乎能降低我们的血压"中的"to lower our blood pressure"，而且空格后句用使用进一步验证了这一影响，故选F。
18．段落标题位置。根据段落中的"According to the study, regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation appear to be instantly out of operation by the experience of giving根据这项研究，大脑中对痛苦刺激做出反应的区域似乎在给予的经历中立即失去了作用"，可知给予似乎能减轻我们的痛苦，故选B。
19．段落标题"Being kind seems to boost happiness善良似乎能提升幸福感"指出善良能提升幸福感；选项C"You'll experience even greater joy你会体验到更大的快乐"与标题中的boost happiness相呼应，进一步强调行善可以带来更大的快乐，故选C。
20．选项G"However, any kindness you give to others is also a gift to yourself然而，你给别人的任何善意也是给自己的礼物"与第一段中的"Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but also boosts the giver's health and happiness, according to a study一项研究表明，传播善意不仅能让别人感觉更好，还能促进施予者的健康和幸福"首尾呼应，故选G。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Achenyo soon arrived at the water's edge with her pot, and she found a huge surprise. The river was 21． ! In its place was a blanket of dark green leaves and lavender-colored (淡紫色的) flowers.
"Oh no!" Achenyo heard the adults crying, "They've 22． again!" It seemed Mama wouldn't have water to mix the dyes (染料) for her weaving.
Last year, the rainy season had brought a(n) 23． of water hyacinths (水葫芦). The plants had covered the river and left no 24． to dip a pot. Every day, people had to walk into the water and clear enough plants to get water.
What a shame to 25． such pretty flowers, Achenyo thought as she 26． the plants with others and threw them on the riverbank. Then, she had an idea. Carrying the plants under her arm, she got Mama's water and ran home 27． .
"Mama, will you teach me to weave " asked Achenyo. Mama laughed. It was her wish to pass on the 28． to her daughter. But looking at the thick stalks, she was 29． . Achenyo showed her how difficult it was to break and begged 30． Mama said yes. Then they wove together every day after school. It was 31． weaving the stalks into different shapes, but she was 32． .
One afternoon, Achenyo held up her finished work to Mama. It was neatly woven and well decorated. "What a nice mat!" They showed it to their neighbours, who were 33． and began to use the stalks to make things. By the end of the rainy season, the 34． no longer thought of the plant as an invader, but a 35． .
21．A． gone B． shallow C． ruined D． dirty
22．A． risen B． struck C． crashed D． recovered
23．A． fashion B． area C． invasion D． line
24．A． chance B． excuse C． need D． room
25．A． waste B． forget C． miss D． grow
26．A． looked over B． stopped by
C． walked through D． pulled up
27．A． carefully B． absent-mindedly
C． eagerly D． warm-heartedly
28．A． mats B． trade C． tools D． tradition
29．A． doubtful B． hopeless C． disappointed D． stressed
30．A． since B． if C． though D． until
31．A． useful B． tricky C． painful D． risky
32．A． exhausted B． optimistic C． determined D． intelligent
33．A． challenged B． envious C． inspired D． curious
34．A． weavers B． community C． parents D． school
35．A． symbol B． consumer C． means D． provider
【答案】21．A；22．B；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．C；33．C；34．B；35．D
【知识点】环境保护类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Achenyo和妈妈通过创造性的方法将入侵者水葫芦转变为有用的资源，并影响了整个社区对这个问题的看法。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：河水消失了。A. gone消失的；B. shallow浅的；C. ruined毁坏的；D. dirty脏的。根据下文"In its place was a blanket of dark green leaves and lavender-colored (淡紫色的) flowers取而代之的是一片深绿色的叶子和淡紫色的花朵"，可知河流被水葫芦覆盖，所以河流看似消失了，故选A。
22．句意：他们又卡住了！A. risen升起；B. struck袭击；C. crashed坠毁；D. recovered恢复。根据下文"ast year, the rainy season had brought a(n) 3of water hyacinths"，可知水葫芦去年出现过，所以此处是指水葫芦再次袭击在了这里，故选B。
23．句意：去年，雨季带来了水葫芦的入侵。A. fashion时尚；B. area区域；C. invasion入侵；D. line线。根据下文"The plants had covered the river and left no 4to dip a pot"，可知水葫芦入侵了河流并覆盖整个河流，故选C。
24．句意：这些植物已经盖满了河流，没有地方让花盆沾水。A. chance机会；B. excuse借口；C. need需要；D. room空间。根据下文" Every day, people had to walk into the water and clear enough plants to get water每天，人们不得不走到水里，清除足够的植物来取水"，可知水葫芦覆盖整片河流区域，不留一点空间，故选D。
25．句意：浪费这么漂亮的花真是太可惜了，阿彻约一边想，一边和别人一起把花拔了起来，扔到河岸上。A. waste浪费；B. forget忘记；C. miss错过；D. grow成长。根据下文"It was 11weaving the stalks into different shapes"，可知Achenyo用水葫芦来编织，所以她认为把水葫芦扔到岸边是很浪费的，故选A。
26．句意：浪费这么漂亮的花真是太可惜了，阿彻约一边想，一边和别人一起把花拔了起来，扔到河岸上。A. looked over检查；B. stopped by被阻止；C. walked through穿过；D. pulled up向上拉。根据下文"threw them on the riverbank扔到岸边"，可知此处是指人们把水葫芦拔起来并扔到岸边，故选D。
27．句意：她腋下夹着植物，拿了妈妈的水，急切地跑回家。A. carefully认真地；B. absent-mindedly心不在焉地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. warm-heartedly热心地。根据上文"Then, she had an idea然后，她有了一个主意"，可知此处是指她迫不及待地回家和妈妈分享自己的想法，故选C。
28．句意：她希望把这门手艺传给女儿。A. mats地垫；B. trade手艺；C. tools工具；D. tradition传统。根据上文"Mama, will you teach me to weave 妈妈，你能教我编织吗"，可知妈妈一直想把编织的手艺传给女儿，故选B。
29．句意：但看着粗茎，她有点怀疑。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. hopeless无望的；C. disappointed失望的；D. stressed压抑的。根据下文"Achenyo showed her how difficult it was to break and begged 10 Mama said yes"，可知Achenyo通过展示水葫芦的坚韧和乞求，妈妈才同意了她的想法，所以一开始妈妈对 Achenyo 的想法持怀疑态度，故选A。
30．句意：阿彻约向她展示了打破这一切是多么困难，她不停地乞求，直到妈妈同意。A. since自从；B. if如果；C. though尽管；D. until直到。根据下文"Then they wove together every day after school然后他们每天放学后都在一起编织"，可知Achenyo乞求妈妈用水葫芦编织，直到妈妈同意，故选D。
31．句意：把麦秆编织成不同的形状是件棘手的事，但她下定了决心。A. useful有用的；B. tricky难对付的；C. painful痛苦的；D. risky冒险的。根据空格后的"weaving the stalks into different shapes把茎秆编织成不同的形状"和转折连词but，可知编织粗壮的水葫芦茎秆是有困难的，故选B。
32．句意：把麦秆编织成不同的形状是件棘手的事，但她下定了决心。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. determined有决心的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据空格前的but，可知虽然编织粗壮的水葫芦茎秆是有困难的，但是Acheny下定了决心，故选C。
33．句意：他们把它拿给邻居们看，邻居们受了启发，开始用这些茎秆做东西。A. challenged有挑战性的；B. envious嫉妒的；C. inspired受启发的；D. curious好奇的。根据空格后的"began to use the stalks to make things开始用秸秆做东西"，结合选项，可知人们受到Achenyo的启发，开始用秸秆做东西，故选C。
34．句意：到雨季结束时，这个社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，而是一种提供者。A. weavers编织工；B. community社区；C. parents父母；D. school学校。根据上文"They showed it to their neighbours, who were 13and began to use the stalks to make things"，结合选项，可知邻居们都在用水葫芦茎秆编织物品，所以Achenyo的想法是社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，故选B。
35．句意：到雨季结束时，这个社区不再认为这种植物是入侵者，而是一种提供者。A. symbol符号；B. consumer消费者；C. means方式；D. provider提供者。根据上文"no longer thought of the plant as an invader不再认为这种植物是入侵者"和故事中邻居们用水葫芦得劲茎秆编织物品，可知水葫芦为人们提供了编织的原材料，故选D。
（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The apsaras, angel-like beings known as feitian in Chinese, are a symbol of the city of Dunhuang. Here, in 36． historic Silk Road oasis in Gansu province, feitian-themed decorations and designs are common, ranging from towering sculptures of heavenly musicians holding Chinese pipa lutes 37． complex drawings of charming beauties bearing flowers on the cups.
Dunhuang has amazed the world with its nearby Mogao Caves, one of the greatest "storerooms" of ancient Buddhist art. 38． (date) back to the 4th century, these artworks cover the 39． (gold) age of the Tang (618-907) and other influential dynasties, 40． the city played an important role as a centre of exchanges between East and West.
Today, the great impact of the murals, sculptures, scripts 41． other major objects discovered in the early 20th century at the UNESCO World Heritage Site still 42． (continue) to be felt beyond the cultural, historical and religious field.
As a major 43． (represent) of traditional Chinese culture, Dunhuang art also offers an important way 44． (distinguish) traditional Chinese culture and help spread an appreciation of 45． all over the world.
【答案】36．the；37．to；38．Dating；39．golden；40．when；41．and；42．continues；43．representation；44．to distinguish；45．it
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了敦煌这座城市及其文化象征——飞天，以及敦煌著名的莫高窟和其丰富的古代佛教艺术。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及冠词、介词、非谓语动词、形容词、定语从句、连词、谓语动词、名词和代词等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：在历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲甘肃省，以飞天为主题的装饰和设计很常见，从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画。空格后的"historic Silk Road oasis in Gansu province甘肃省历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲"是专有名词，专有名词前应使用定冠词，故填the。
37．句意：在历史悠久的丝绸之路绿洲甘肃省，以飞天为主题的装饰和设计很常见，从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画。range from...to...是固定短语，意"（从……到……内）变动"，在句中意"从手持中国琵琶的天堂音乐家的高耸雕塑到杯上捧花的迷人美女的复杂绘画"，故填to。
38．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。非谓语动词短语" 3 (date) back to the 4th century"在句中作状语，与句子主语 "these artworks这些艺术品"构成主动关系，应使用V-ing关系，故填Dating。
39．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。根据常见结构"冠词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示"黄金时代"，故填golden。
40．句意：这些艺术品可以追溯到4世纪，涵盖了唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代的黄金时代，当时这座城市作为东西方交流的中心发挥了重要作用。分析句子结构，可知空格处应是非限制性定语从句的关系词；先行词是"the Tang (618-907) and other influential dynasties唐朝(618-907)和其他有影响力的朝代"，指时间，在定语从句中作状语，所以空格处应使用指时间的关系副词，故填when。
41．句意：今天，20世纪初在联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址发现的壁画、雕塑、手稿和其他主要物品的巨大影响，仍然继续超出文化、历史和宗教领域。空格前的"the murals, sculptures, scripts壁画，雕塑，手稿"和空格后的"other major objects其他主要物品"是并列关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。
42．句意：今天，20世纪初在联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址发现的壁画、雕塑、手稿和其他主要物品的巨大影响，仍然继续超出文化、历史和宗教领域。根据上下文，可知本文描述的主要是现在常见的、习惯性的动作，应使用一般现在时态；句子主语" the great impact"是单数，所以谓语动词也应使用单三形式，故填continues。
43．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。根据常见结构"冠词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处需要填入单数名词，故填representation。
44．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。根据句意，空格后的" 9 (distinguish) traditional Chinese culture and help spread an appreciation of 10all over the world"是空格前"Dunhuang art also offers an important way"的目的状语，所以空格处应使用动词不定式结构，故填to distinguish。
45．句意：作为中国传统文化的重要代表，敦煌艺术也是区分中国传统文化的重要途径，有助于将中国传统文化传播到世界各地。分析句子结构，可知空格处所填词指代上文中的"traditional Chinese culture"；traditional Chinese culture是抽象名词，应使用it。故填it。
46．（2024·宝安模拟） 假定你是李华，上周六参加了学校为高三学生举行的成人仪式。请根据以下要点，向你的外国朋友David介绍成人仪式的有关情况：
1. 活动过程；
2. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：成人仪式 the coming-of-age ceremony
Dear David,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,I hope you're doing well. I'm writing to tell you about a meaningful event, the coming-of-age ceremony for the Senior Three students, marking our journey into adulthood as we've all turned 18.
Our principal initiated the ceremony with an uplifting speech about our future responsibilities and the new stage of life that lies ahead. Then, in a deeply touching part of the program, my classmates and I read letters written by our parents, which were filled with love, advice, and memories. We then took turns to express our gratitude for our upbringing and shared our determination to face adult life with courage and integrity.
Experiencing the ritual made me incredibly excited for what's to come. I am stepping into this new phase with a heart brimming with hope and eyes wide open to the possibilities.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 ，向你的外国朋友David介绍成人仪式的有关情况 。写作背景： 上周六你参加了学校为高三学生举行的成人仪式。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动过程；2. 你的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope you're doing well. 运用了宾语从句； I'm writing to tell you about a meaningful event, the coming-of-age ceremony for the Senior Three students, marking our journey into adulthood as we've all turned 18.运用了不定式作目的状语，现在分词作状语，原因状语从句；Our principal initiated the ceremony with an uplifting speech about our future responsibilities and the new stage of life that lies ahead. 运用了限制性定语从句； Then, in a deeply touching part of the program, my classmates and I read letters written by our parents, which were filled with love, advice, and memories. 运用了过去分词作状语，非限制性定语从句；Experiencing the ritual made me incredibly excited for what's to come.运用了动名词作主语；I am stepping into this new phase with a heart brimming with hope and eyes wide open to the possibilities.运用了with的复合结构。
47．（2024·宝安模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a boy, I always wore turtleneck shirts because I was so sensitive and shy. I worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. I was younger than everyone else because my good marks had allowed me to skip second grade, but this added nothing to my already low self-confidence.
When I was 14, my parents divorced (离婚). I moved in with my dad in a new neighborhood, but he was always so busy and had little time for me. It seemed the only time he ever spoke to me was to be demanding or critical. I began to hate coming home from school every day. I sank further into my low self-esteem (自尊) and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated and alone.
One day, my aunt called. This seemed like a miracle to me. Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on my birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest, and she thought I should try it, too. She told me she firmly believed I could perform on stage like the other kids since she had seen me do skits (幽默小品) for the family at Christmas.
I was a little taken aback, Me On stage In a public speaking contest To agree would be contrary to my entire shy personality. But Aunt Ginette was so confident and seemed really serious. Feeling her strong belief, I went against all odds and agreed to enter the contest. All that winter, twice a week after dinner, I took three different buses for the three-hour round-trip to practice in Ville d'Anjou, where the competition would take place. I was taken by an energy I had never felt before. The hours and the obstacles no longer mattered. Although my dad really did love me and wanted the best for me, he disapproved of this new dream, fearing it would take away from my homework time and impact my marks. But I remained a top performer in school and never missed a day.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Four months later, the big night arrived. …… Paragraph 2: When I saw my father's face, his eyes were glowing with pride. ……
【答案】Four months later, the big night arrived. Nervousness still seized me in front of so many people. Taking a deep breath, I regained my calmness and stepped onto the stage while familiar lines of my speech began to whirl in my mind. And when I was about to start, I caught sight of Aunt Ginette, and, surprisingly, my dad, looking at me with expectation. Filled with energy, I wore a big smile and poured out every sentence with fluency. No sooner had I finished the speech than I received a warm applause. With joy, I quickly rushed down to greet my father.
When I saw my father's face, his eyes were glowing with pride. His previous critical words were replaced by an excited "congratulations" along with a rarely-seen thumbs-up. Tears filled his eyes, seemingly reflecting complex emotions. Next to him, my aunt's face lit up with a warm and comforting smile, reminding me of everything that I had gone through. Through their proud expressions, I could tell that it was the effort of us all, either visible or invisible, that drove me to the destination where my shyness had disappeared.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者小时候非常敏感和害羞，努力学习以获得优异的成绩。作者14岁时，父母离婚，作者跟随父亲一起生活，但是父亲很忙，很少有时间陪作者。似乎他唯一一次对作者说话就是提出要求或批评，为此作者对自己没有什么信心。一天作者的阿姨打电话让他参加公开演讲比赛，刚开始作者犹豫不决，但是阿姨鼓励他，相信他，最终作者同意参加比赛。之后一整个冬天，作者都每周两次在晚饭后乘坐三辆不同的巴士往返三个小时，前往比赛举办地进行训练。最终作者顺利完成了比赛，获得了一等奖，作者的父亲意识到自己应该欣赏孩子而不是批评。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"四个月后，重要的夜晚到来了。"可知，第一段可描写作者参加比赛时很紧张，但努力控制自己的情绪，在台上流利地演讲。②由第二段首句内容"当我看到父亲的脸时，他的眼睛闪闪发光——他是那么自豪。"可知，第二段可描写作者从父亲自豪的眼神获得力量顺利完成比赛。赛后，父亲鼓励称赞作者，意识到自己应该多欣赏作者而不是批评，作者听到父亲的话后很感动，最后作者获得了一等奖。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Taking a deep breath, I regained my calmness and stepped onto the stage while familiar lines of my speech began to whirl in my mind. 运用了现在分词作状语，时间状语从句；And when I was about to start, I caught sight of Aunt Ginette, and, surprisingly, my dad, looking at me with expectation.运用了时间状语从句；No sooner had I finished the speech than I received a warm applause.运用了时间状语从句，倒装句；His previous critical words were replaced by an excited "congratulations" along with a rarely-seen thumbs-up. 运用了宾语从句； Tears filled his eyes, seemingly reflecting complex emotions. 运用了现在分词作状语；Next to him, my aunt's face lit up with a warm and comforting smile, reminding me of everything that I had gone through. 运用了现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句；Through their proud expressions, I could tell that it was the effort of us all, either visible or invisible, that drove me to the destination where my shyness had disappeared.运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句。
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