中考英语复习现在完成时考点剖析&随堂演练（无答案）

中考英语现在完成时&随堂演练
知识点讲解
一、定义：过去发生的动作对现在有影响； 动作从过去延续到现在，可能还要持续下去。
注意理解两个关键词：1. 对现在产生影响 2. 动作会持续
二、谓语形式：have/ has done (注意: have随着的人称会变化形式 )
已经 做
Eg: I’ve just lost my keys.
She hasn’t finished her homework yet.
He has gone to America.
三、动词过去分词（done） 的变化规律。（初中阶段大部分的动词过去分词参考过去式变化即可）
1. 一般情况下直接给动词+ed 变过去分词。如work→worked
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加d 。如：live →lived
3. 辅元辅结构双写最后一个字母加ed. 如：stop→stopped
4. 以辅音字母y结尾的动词变y为i加ed。如cry→cried ,study→studied
(注意)：课本最后一页附的动词不规则变化表格必须背的滚瓜烂熟哈。
四、时间标志词
现在完成时的时间标志词有：常与since（自从...）和for（持续了...），already（已经），yet（仍然）, just（刚刚），ever（曾经），never（从不），before（以前）等连用。
1. since的用法
(1)since 的含义是自从..可以加时间点,表示动作开始什么时候。如：I have been waiting since 8:00 am.
(2)since 的用法：since +一般过去时，另外的句子时态用现在完成。如：I have made many friends since I came here.
2. for的用法：for＋时间段
如：I have watched TV for ten hours.
3. since和for的句式转换：
since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段
They haven't changed since twenty years ago.＝They haven't changed for twenty years.
在现在完成时当中，若对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问，都可以用how long来提问。
牛刀小试：
—________ have you lived in Lanzhou
—Since my parents found jobs here.
A. How long　　　 B. How far
C. How soon D. How old
4. already VS yet
(1).这两个词，经常和完成式一起使用，但是可以省略掉。already 意为adv.已经；早已。用在肯定句中，一般用于have/has后，实义动词前，也有放在句尾的情况。I have already finished my homework.
(2). yet 意为尚未..用在疑问句中和否定句中一般用在句末
I haven’t finished breakfast yet.
5. before VS ago
(1).I have met (meet)her before.我之前就见过她
(2). I met (meet)her 10 years ago. 10年前我见过她
五、have gone to; have been to ; have been in/at
1. have gone to 和 have been to（注意：当have been to后面接副词，如here, there, home时，to要省略。变为have been here/there/home。）
go to的意思是“去”，have gone to 的意思是“已经去……了”
They have gone to Xi’an. 他们已经去西安了。
He has gone to school. 他已经去学校了。
have been to的意思是“已经去过……”，经常跟次数连用。
They have been to Xi’an many times. 他们已经去过西安很多次了。
2. have been in /at
表示在某地呆了多长时间，常接时间段
He has been in London for half a year.他在伦敦呆了半年。
六、现完中关于动词的延续性
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。
(1) 如果现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。
(2) 短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词
①直接换成延续性动词　
buy买→have有　 borrow借→keep保留　
put on穿上→wear穿着 come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是
②转换成be＋名词
join the army参军→be a soldier当兵 join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员
go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生
③转换成be＋形容词/副词
die死亡→be dead死了 finish结束→be over结束
begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始 leave离开→be away远离的
fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的 close关闭→be closed关着的
④转换成be＋介词短语
go to school去上学→be in school在上学
join the army参军→be in the army在军队中
七、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
1. 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I saw this film yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。
I have seen this film. 这部电影我已经看过了。
2. 一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语（如：yesterday， last week， three days ago， in 1990等）连用；现在完成时不与表示明确的过去的时间状语连用，但可以与in the past...years/weeks， so far等时间状语连用。
Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 昨晚汤姆给他父母写了一封信。
The weather has been so hot so far this summer. 到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。
巩固练习题
一、单项选择
1.My cousin 100 model planes since 2015.
A. collects B. is collecting C. has collected
2.—Where do you live. Lin Tao
—I live in Beijing now. I _____here for ten years.
A. moved B. have moved C. have been
3.The film Operation Red Sea _____ a lot of praise since its first show months ago.
A. wins B. win C. will win D. has won
4.—Yournew watch is so nice! When did you buy it
—In April. I __________ it for two months.
A. have had B. had C. have bought D. bought
5.Daming ______ in this place since two years ago.
A. have lived B. has lived C. lives
6. —Lucy, is your uncle a teacher
—Yes, he is. He ______ history for nearly 20 years.
A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach
7. He ________ the city since he graduated(毕业) from college.
A. has left B. left C. has been away from 8.Uncle Liang ________ in Haikou since 1980, so he knows a lo t about the city.
A. is living B. has lived C. lived
9.The water dark and dirty . It's no longer safe to drink．
A. became B. has become C. will become D. was becoming
10.This medicine millions of people's lives since it was put into use.
A. is saving B. will save C. has saved D. had saved
11.The bus _________ for five minutes when Tim arrived at the station.
A. went B. has left C. had left D. had been away
12.It's nice to see you again. We ______ each other since 2014.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. won't see B. don't see C. haven't seen D. didn't see
13.—________ have you been in Sui ning
—I have been in the city for nine years.
A. How long　　 B. How often　　 C. How far
14.Michael ________ his hometown for a long time. He really misses it!　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. left B. has left C. was away from D. has been away from
15. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year.
A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away
16 . --- ______ you______ your homework yet ---Yes, I _____ it just now.
A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish
17. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year.
A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened
18. ---How long have you been here --- ____ last month.
A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since
19. He ____ a cold for three days.
A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught
20. Jim Green ____ in China for two years.
A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came
21. The film ____ for half an hour.
A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn’t begun D. began
22.—Where have you _______ these days —I have to Beijing with my friends．
A. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone；gone
23．How long have you _______ this book
A. bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent
24. We have lived here _______ five years ago．
A. when B．since C．before D．after
25．—I have watched the game． —When _____you _______ it
A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch
26．—How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black —Oh,I _______ such a beautiful city．
A．don't visit B．didn't visit C．haven't visited D．hadn't visited
27．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has go
28. ----______ your sister _______ in Green China for a long time
----Yes. She joined it five years ago.
A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined
29. ---How long have you _______ from the USA ----For three months.
A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back
30. I _____ this book for half a year.
A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had
二、完成句子，每空一词
1. 自从去年冬天，我就没有收到过她的信。
I haven’t heard from her ___________ _________ _________.
2. 我们已经在这里等了半个小时了。
We’ve already waited here ________ ________ ________ ________.
3. 他们在这个城市生活了十五年了。
They’ve lived in this city ________ _______ ________.
4. 自从这周二开始，他就一直没去学校上学。
He hasn’t gone to school _______ _______ Tuesday.
5. 这个孩子生病住院五天了。
The child has been ill in hospital ________ _________ _________.
6. 你曾经梦想成为一名音乐家吗？
________ _______ _______ ________ of becoming a musician
7. 玛丽从来没有去过西湖.
Mary _________ ________ ________ ________ the West Lake.
8. 这位年轻人曾发明过有用的东西。
The young man _________ ________ _______ something useful.
9. 比尔从来没有参观过我的花园。
Bill ________ ________ ________ my garden.
10. 他们上周在这家旅馆待了3天。
They ________ in this hotel for three days last week.
11. 我已经吃过早餐了。
I________ already________ my breakfast.
12. 他以前读过那本书。
He ________ ________ that book before.
13. 我朋友还未离开。
My friend________ ________ yet.
14. 我还没有找到丢失的钥匙。
I________ ________ the lost keys.
15. 你决定要去哪里了吗？
________ you ________ where to go