2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--UNIT 1 Part 1 Reading and Thinking（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My head still lifted with (尊严), I tried to fight back the tears.
2.(2023北京)Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their (薪水).
3.Interested in science f , more young people like reading The Three-Body Problem.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Actually, you needn't have felt (guilt) about taking pleasure in life.
2.(2023北京)This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as (declare) of the field's doubtful scientific value.
3.His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was dismissed his post frequent absences.
4.Suffering from the severe headache, Kate canceled her conference in the afternoon and made an (appoint) with a doctor.
5.(2024湖南雅礼教育集团期末)In addition to desperate poverty and strong winds blowing dust everywhere, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with (ridiculous) huge crowds.
6.In view of the present crisis, it is absurd (imagine) that the recovery will be quick and easy.
7.The look on his face suggested he (be) unhappy, so I suggested he (go) camping with us.
8.The match had just begun when the heavens opened, so the match (suspend).
Ⅲ.选词填空
test out;more like;or rather;in contrast
To help the old people, a new household robot is being 1. in the lab. It is not a robot in the traditional sense. 2. , it is superior to the former generations of robots. It is 3. a human than an unconscious machine—even its skin is soft, 4. , warm as well as soft.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.社交机器人更像是同伴,而不是工具。
Social robots are much companions tools.
2.他转过身,看到树下站着一个陌生人。(完全倒装)
He turned around and saw under the tree.(读后续写—动作描写)
3.他们告了别,不知道他们再也不会见面了。(be to do结构)
They said goodbye, not knowing that they again.
4.尽管有些孩子确实没有礼貌,但禁止并不是教育他们的正确方法。(让步状语从句)
bad manners, banning is not a right way to teach them.
5.(2024天津写作)随着全球变暖日益加重,大量不符合低碳理念的现象正在被人们发现。(现在进行时的被动语态)
With the global warming becoming worse and worse, masses of phenomena not in line with the concept of low carbon .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A household robot called Tony was to be tested out in Larry's house. Though Claire, Larry's wife, didn't like 1 idea in the beginning, she was persuaded to let the robot 2 (company) her while her husband was away on a business trip. The robot looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair. Though his facial 3 (express) never changed, the robot was 4 (gift)with a charming deep voice. At the sight of Tony, Claire felt alarmed because he seemed 5 (much) like a human than a machine. So when Tony offered to help her get dressed, Claire felt more than embarrassed.
However, Tony gradually won Claire's trust. He took good care of Claire and even managed to rescue her 6 she fell off the ladder. He also helped Claire realize her dream by 7 (make) her home more elegant, giving her a new haircut and improving her makeup. He advised her to throw a party and expected all the guests who 8 (invite) would be filled with admiration when they saw her house was 9 (complete) transformed. And Tony said he was so attached 10 her that he was unwilling to leave her.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2023安徽合肥庐巢七校联考)
The year 2021 saw the 193rd birthday of Jules Verne, the famed French poet, novelist, and playwright known 1 the “Father of Science Fiction”.
One of Verne's lesser-known works from 1905, The Lighthouse at the End of the World, 2 (adapt) carefully for the first time into a five-issue comic book miniseries(迷你剧) in April.
3 (plan) by the experienced creative team of Brian Haberlin and David Hine, Jules Verne's:Lighthouse gets a sci-fi twist(曲折) and casts 4 (reader) onto the high seas of outer space for a swashbuckling(惊心动魄的) adventure.
Here's the official 5 (introduce):Jules Verne's:Lighthouse is set at the edge of the Galaxy, 6 a giant supercomputer known as the Lighthouse exists:the only brain powerful enough 7 (guide) ships through a large area of naturally occurring wormholes, 8 (potential) cutting months or even years off a spaceship's journey time. Three humans, one alien, and a nanny robot have manned the remote station for years in relative peace until the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates threatens the future of civilization and 9 (reveal) that each of the Lighthouse crew has been hiding 10 stunning secret:he who controls the Lighthouse controls this part of the Galaxy.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024浙江温州期中)
Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI's latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into a video with good visual quality while faithfully following your content instructions.
Sora is said to be superior to many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios(屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content of lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user's requests.
Aside from these, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is astonishing. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subjects and background details. Beyond the user's requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by.
Sora's amazing performance wouldn't be possible without its helpful assistant, ChatGPT, which transforms simple sentences into detailed descriptions, improving the accuracy of output.
However, the current model isn't perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it's been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a space-time patch(时空补丁), independently.
Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora's system, aiming to test the model's possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will assist OpenAI in enhancing the model to better serve creative professionals.
1.What is the main focus of paragraphs 2 and 3
A.Sora's development.
B.Sora's diversity.
C.Sora's capabilities.
D.Sora's popularity.
2.Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 5
A.To highlight Sora's potential safety risks.
B.To illustrate Sora's existing limitations.
C.To showcase Sora's perfect performance.
D.To explain the concept of a space-time patch.
3.What can we know about the present Sora
A.It has been made available to various industries.
B.Its commercial release has been called off.
C.It has exposed alarming security issues.
D.It is undergoing testing and improvement.
4.What's the best title for the text
A.Sora:Lead the way in creating videos
B.Sora:Surpass existing ChatGPT
C.Sora:Generate a rich variety of videos
D.Sora:A perfect text-to-video AI model
B
(2023湖南衡阳八中期中)
The Wandering EarthⅡ, a science-fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science-fiction writers, both in China and overseas. Among them, John Gribbin, a UK science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that that's what makes science fiction prosper.
“It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them,” he says. “This is a bit like music. Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view. “The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs. This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.”
Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imaginary technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, for example, what arouses most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible. If it were possible, what materials would be used
For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science. He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity. Who knows who will emerge as an engineer of such an elevator in 50 years' time ”
Impressed by the progress of science-related industries in China, Gribbin says that “it is going from strength to strength” and that “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and that the Chinese people are naturally interested in the developments.”
5.What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to Paragraph 1
A.The charm of science.
B.The attraction of literature.
C.The popularity of the film.
D.The development of science education.
6.Why does the author mention the music in Paragraph 2
A.To stress music is necessary in science.
B.To tell readers why music appreciation is important.
C.To show the relationship between music and science.
D.To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge.
7.Which is the function of the “space elevator” in The Wandering EarthⅡ
A.It helps control the rocket.
B.It sends astronauts into space.
C.It enables astronauts to walk in space.
D.It maintains astronauts' safety in space.
8.Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A.Putting Science into Fiction
B.Fiction Gaining in Popularity
C.Science Planting Seeds of Hope
D.A Leading Country for Scientific Research
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.dignity 2.salary/salaries 3.fiction
Ⅱ.1.guilty 考查形容词。 设空处位于系动词felt后,作表语,应用形容词,故填guilty。句意:实际上,你本不必为享受生活中的乐趣而感到内疚。
2.declaration(s) 考查名词(复数)。结合空前的such as及空后的介词of可知此空应填入名词,declare的名词形式为declaration,意为“宣告,声名”,既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词,空前没有表示数量的限定词,所以设空处可用不可数名词或可数名词复数,故填declaration(s)。句意:这一记录使人工生命成为批评的成熟目标,例如宣布该领域的科学价值令人怀疑。
3.from;for 考查介词。句意:他母亲病了,更糟的是,他自己也因经常缺勤而被解雇了。dismiss sb. from his/her post for...意为“因……解雇某人”,此处为其被动语态sb.+be dismissed from his/her post for...。
4.appointment 考查名词。make an appointment with sb.意为“和某人约定”。故填appointment。句意:由于头痛严重,凯特取消了下午的会议,并与医生预约去看病。
5.ridiculously 考查副词。“ (ridiculous) huge”为形容词短语,修饰后面的名词 crowds,故用副词作状语,故填ridiculously。句意:除了极度的贫穷和到处吹尘土的大风,当地人还不得不生活在极端炎热的气候中,那里人多得离谱。
6.to imagine 考查不定式。 此处是“it is+adj.+to do sth.”句型,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to imagine。句意:鉴于目前的危机,认为复苏会快速且容易是荒谬的。
7.was;go 考查suggest后宾语从句的谓语动词形式。句意:他脸上的表情表明他不高兴,所以我建议他和我们一起去野营。第一个suggested意为“表明;显示”,后面的宾语从句用陈述语气,从句时态受主句时态的影响,故填was;第二个suggested意为“建议”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略,故填go。
易错归因
本题第二空学生容易受he的影响填goes,或受suggested时态的影响填went。要注意suggest后接宾语从句时,要根据表达的意义首先确定是否使用虚拟语气。
8.was suspended 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:比赛刚刚开始就下起了倾盆大雨,所以比赛暂停了。本句为so连接的并列复合句,后面的分句中the match为主语,所以设空处为谓语,根据语境可知这里讲的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且the match与suspend之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,the match为单数意义,故填was suspended。
Ⅲ.1.tested out 2.In contrast 3.more like 4.or rather
Ⅳ.1.more like;than 2.there stood a stranger 3.were never/not to meet 4.Even though/if some kids/children do have 5.are being spotted/sighted/found by people
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。句意:虽然拉里的妻子克莱尔一开始不喜欢这个主意,但她还是被说服在她的丈夫出差期间让这个机器人陪伴她。“这个主意”在上文出现了(即第一句话),所以设空处表特指,应使用定冠词the。
2.accompany 考查动词。句意同上。let sb./sth. do sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”,此处应填动词,所给词company为名词,意为“陪伴”,其动词形式为accompany。故填accompany。
3.expression 考查名词。句意:虽然这个机器人的面部表情从未改变,但他有迷人的低沉的嗓音。从句缺少主语,且设空处被形容词facial修饰,所以填名词expression。
4.gifted 考查形容词。be gifted with...意为“具有……(令人愉快的东西)”。
5.more 考查比较级。句意:克莱尔一看到托尼就感到恐慌,因为他看起来更像是一个人而不是一台机器。根据后面的than判断设空处填比较级形式。more like意为“更像是”。
6.when 考查连词。这里指当她从梯子上摔下来时,他成功地救了她,故用连词when表示“当……的时候”。
7.making 考查动名词。介词by后面接动名词作宾语,表示“通过做某事”。by后面有and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语。
8.were invited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他建议她举办一个聚会,期待所有被邀请的客人看到她的房子被彻底改变时都会充满羡慕。根据句意可知此处应该用被动语态,who代替guests在从句中作主语,为复数概念,且此处介绍过去发生的事情,所以填were invited。
9.completely 考查副词。句意同上。修饰was transformed应该用副词形式。故填completely。
10.to 考查介词。句意:托尼说他非常依恋她,以至于他不愿意离开她。be attached to意为“喜欢……;依恋……”。故填to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“科幻小说之父”儒勒·凡尔纳的小说《世界尽头的灯塔》于2021年4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。
1.as 考查介词。句意:2021年是被誉为“科幻小说之父”的法国著名诗人、小说家和剧作家儒勒·凡尔纳诞辰193周年。短语be known as表示“以……著称,被誉为……”,这里用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填as。
2.was adapted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:凡尔纳1905年创作的一部不太为人所知的作品《世界尽头的灯塔》于4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。设空处在句中作谓语,主语One of Verne's lesser-known works为单数概念且与adapt构成被动关系,故用被动语态;根据后文in April可知时态为一般过去时,故填was adapted。be adapted into...意为“被改编成……”。
3.Planned 考查过去分词。句意:Jules Verne's:Lighthouse由Brian Haberlin和David Hine组成的经验丰富的创意团队策划,带有科幻色彩,将读者带到外太空的公海,进行一场惊心动魄的冒险。分析句子结构,逗号后已有谓语(gets和casts),故逗号前为状语,提示词plan与句子主语Jules Verne's:Lighthouse构成被动关系,故用过去分词作状语,注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Planned。
4.readers 考查名词复数。reader为可数名词,结合语境可知这里指众多的读者,应用复数形式。故填readers。
5.introduction 考查名词。句意:官方介绍是这样的——Jules Verne's:Lighthouse的故事发生在银河系的边缘,那里有一台名为“灯塔”的巨型超级计算机,它是唯一强大到足以引导飞船穿越大面积自然存在的虫洞的电脑,可能会把飞船的旅程缩短几个月甚至几年。设空处是Here置于句首的倒装句的主语,根据Here's可知应用单数名词introduction。
6.where 考查定语从句。设空处前面为表示地点的名词 the edge of the Galaxy,空格后面的内容缺少地点状语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作地点状语,修饰先行词the edge of the Galaxy。故填where。
易错归因
本题学生容易把空后的known as看作谓语,在设空处填入关系代词which。这里known为非谓语动词,作后置定语。解题时要注意句子成分的分析。
7.to guide 考查不定式。adj.+enough to do sth.表示“足够……以做某事”。故填to guide。
8.potentially 考查副词。修饰动词cutting应用副词potentially,意为“可能地”。故填potentially。
9.reveals 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:三个人、一个外星人和一个保姆机器人多年来在相对和平的情况下控制着这个遥远的空间站,直到Kongre船长和他那群残忍的海盗的到来威胁到文明的未来,并揭示灯塔的每个工作人员都隐藏着一个令人震惊的秘密——控制灯塔的人控制着银河系的这一部分。until引导的时间状语从句中有and连接的两个并列谓语,根据threatens的时态和单复数可知设空处也应为一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,故填reveals。
10.a 考查冠词。secret意为“秘密”,是可数名词,此处为泛指且stunning的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。a stunning secret意为“一个令人震惊的秘密”。
【高频词汇】 1.adventure n.冒险 2.exist v.存在
3.remote adj.遥远的 4.threaten v.威胁 5.civilization n.文明
【熟词生义】 1.brain n.电脑 2.man v.操纵
【差距词汇】 1.nanny n.保姆 2.pirate n.海盗
长难句
原句1 Here's the official introduction:Jules Verne's:Lighthouse is set at the edge of the Galaxy, where a giant supercomputer known as the Lighthouse exists:the only brain powerful enough to guide ships through a large area of naturally occurring wormholes, potentially cutting months or even years off a spaceship's journey time.
分析 where引导非限制性定语从句,known as the Lighthouse 为后置定语,修饰giant supercomputer。the only brain...是对前面a giant supercomputer的补充说明。to guide...跟在adj.+enough后,为不定式作结果状语,cutting months...为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示前面内容自然而然产生的结果。
译文 官方介绍是这样的——Jules Verne's:Lighthouse的故事发生在银河系的边缘,那里有一台名为“灯塔”的巨型超级计算机,它是唯一强大到足以引导飞船穿越大面积自然存在的虫洞的电脑,可能会把飞船的旅程缩短几个月甚至几年。
原句2 Three humans, one alien, and a nanny robot have manned the remote station for years in relative peace until the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates threatens the future of civilization and reveals that each of the Lighthouse crew has been hiding a stunning secret:he who controls the Lighthouse controls this part of the Galaxy.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。until引导时间状语从句,该时间状语从句中the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates 为主语,threatens和reveals为并列谓语,由and连接。reveals后that引导宾语从句。who引导定语从句修饰he。
译文 三个人、一个外星人和一个保姆机器人多年来在相对和平的情况下控制着这个遥远的空间站,直到Kongre船长和他那群残忍的海盗的到来威胁到文明的未来,并揭示灯塔的每个工作人员都隐藏着一个令人震惊的秘密:控制灯塔的人控制着银河系的这一部分。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的人工智能模型Sora,它可以将文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频,同时忠实地遵循内容说明,同时介绍了这个模型的局限性。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“functions”“create videos at suitable aspect ratios for different devices”“lets users quickly test out content of lower quality”“speed up output according to the user's requests”以及第三段中的 “ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner”“create detailed scenes”“understands how these elements exist in the real world”可知,这两段主要讲述Sora的能力。故选C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“However, the current model isn't perfect.”可知目前的模型并不完美。由此可推断,作者下文举的吃曲奇饼的例子是为了说明Sora现存的局限性。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Sora is still in the testing stage of development.”及后文的“test the model's possible weaknesses and risks” “enhancing the model”可知,Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段,找到存在的弱点和风险,然后改进。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一、二、三段主要讲了文本转视频模型 Sora的出现及优势,第四段讲了ChatGPT对Sora的辅助作用,第五段讲了 Sora的局限性,第六段说明了 Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段。结合四个选项可知,A项“Sora:引领视频创作”最符合文章主旨,突出了Sora在视频创作方面的优势及发展前景。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.faithfully adv.忠实地,忠诚地;准确地
2.request n.要求 3.aside from 除了……之外(还)
4.astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的 5.detailed adj.详细的 6.motion n.移动,运动 7.accurate adj.精确的,准确的 8.transform...into...把……转变成……
9.complicated adj.复杂的 10.mix up 弄错 11.enhance v.增强,提高,改进
【熟词生义】 reflection n.映照出的影像
【差距词汇】 surpass v.超过
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学教育与科幻小说的关系进行了阐释。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是使科幻小说繁荣的原因。”可知,科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D。
6.D 推理判断题。第二段第一句提到了解科学的基本原理非常重要。后面接着提到了这有点像音乐,阐述了懂一点音乐对于音乐欣赏的作用。由此可推知,第二段是以对音乐的欣赏为例说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“例如,在最近的一部中,引起公众最多的激烈讨论的是‘太空电梯’,它使航天员乘坐电梯而不是火箭完成他们的太空之旅。”可知,太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B。
8.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是使科幻小说繁荣的原因。”点出了科学教育与科幻小说繁荣之间的关系,后面几段具体论证了这种关系。由此可知,A项“把科学融入小说”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.speak highly of高度赞扬/评价
2.fundamental n.基本原理 adj.基本的;十分重大的
3.episode n.一集,一节 4.emerge v.出现;露出
5.leading adj.领先的;一流的
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My head still lifted with (尊严), I tried to fight back the tears.
2.(2023北京)Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their (薪水).
3.Interested in science f , more young people like reading The Three-Body Problem.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Actually, you needn't have felt (guilt) about taking pleasure in life.
2.(2023北京)This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as (declare) of the field's doubtful scientific value.
3.His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was dismissed his post frequent absences.
4.Suffering from the severe headache, Kate canceled her conference in the afternoon and made an (appoint) with a doctor.
5.(2024湖南雅礼教育集团期末)In addition to desperate poverty and strong winds blowing dust everywhere, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with (ridiculous) huge crowds.
6.In view of the present crisis, it is absurd (imagine) that the recovery will be quick and easy.
7.The look on his face suggested he (be) unhappy, so I suggested he (go) camping with us.
8.The match had just begun when the heavens opened, so the match (suspend).
Ⅲ.选词填空
test out;more like;or rather;in contrast
To help the old people, a new household robot is being 1. in the lab. It is not a robot in the traditional sense. 2. , it is superior to the former generations of robots. It is 3. a human than an unconscious machine—even its skin is soft, 4. , warm as well as soft.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.社交机器人更像是同伴,而不是工具。
Social robots are much companions tools.
2.他转过身,看到树下站着一个陌生人。(完全倒装)
He turned around and saw under the tree.(读后续写—动作描写)
3.他们告了别,不知道他们再也不会见面了。(be to do结构)
They said goodbye, not knowing that they again.
4.尽管有些孩子确实没有礼貌,但禁止并不是教育他们的正确方法。(让步状语从句)
bad manners, banning is not a right way to teach them.
5.(2024天津写作)随着全球变暖日益加重,大量不符合低碳理念的现象正在被人们发现。(现在进行时的被动语态)
With the global warming becoming worse and worse, masses of phenomena not in line with the concept of low carbon .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A household robot called Tony was to be tested out in Larry's house. Though Claire, Larry's wife, didn't like 1 idea in the beginning, she was persuaded to let the robot 2 (company) her while her husband was away on a business trip. The robot looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair. Though his facial 3 (express) never changed, the robot was 4 (gift)with a charming deep voice. At the sight of Tony, Claire felt alarmed because he seemed 5 (much) like a human than a machine. So when Tony offered to help her get dressed, Claire felt more than embarrassed.
However, Tony gradually won Claire's trust. He took good care of Claire and even managed to rescue her 6 she fell off the ladder. He also helped Claire realize her dream by 7 (make) her home more elegant, giving her a new haircut and improving her makeup. He advised her to throw a party and expected all the guests who 8 (invite) would be filled with admiration when they saw her house was 9 (complete) transformed. And Tony said he was so attached 10 her that he was unwilling to leave her.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2023安徽合肥庐巢七校联考)
The year 2021 saw the 193rd birthday of Jules Verne, the famed French poet, novelist, and playwright known 1 the “Father of Science Fiction”.
One of Verne's lesser-known works from 1905, The Lighthouse at the End of the World, 2 (adapt) carefully for the first time into a five-issue comic book miniseries(迷你剧) in April.
3 (plan) by the experienced creative team of Brian Haberlin and David Hine, Jules Verne's:Lighthouse gets a sci-fi twist(曲折) and casts 4 (reader) onto the high seas of outer space for a swashbuckling(惊心动魄的) adventure.
Here's the official 5 (introduce):Jules Verne's:Lighthouse is set at the edge of the Galaxy, 6 a giant supercomputer known as the Lighthouse exists:the only brain powerful enough 7 (guide) ships through a large area of naturally occurring wormholes, 8 (potential) cutting months or even years off a spaceship's journey time. Three humans, one alien, and a nanny robot have manned the remote station for years in relative peace until the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates threatens the future of civilization and 9 (reveal) that each of the Lighthouse crew has been hiding 10 stunning secret:he who controls the Lighthouse controls this part of the Galaxy.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024浙江温州期中)
Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI's latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into a video with good visual quality while faithfully following your content instructions.
Sora is said to be superior to many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios(屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content of lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user's requests.
Aside from these, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is astonishing. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subjects and background details. Beyond the user's requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by.
Sora's amazing performance wouldn't be possible without its helpful assistant, ChatGPT, which transforms simple sentences into detailed descriptions, improving the accuracy of output.
However, the current model isn't perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it's been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a space-time patch(时空补丁), independently.
Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora's system, aiming to test the model's possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will assist OpenAI in enhancing the model to better serve creative professionals.
1.What is the main focus of paragraphs 2 and 3
A.Sora's development.
B.Sora's diversity.
C.Sora's capabilities.
D.Sora's popularity.
2.Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 5
A.To highlight Sora's potential safety risks.
B.To illustrate Sora's existing limitations.
C.To showcase Sora's perfect performance.
D.To explain the concept of a space-time patch.
3.What can we know about the present Sora
A.It has been made available to various industries.
B.Its commercial release has been called off.
C.It has exposed alarming security issues.
D.It is undergoing testing and improvement.
4.What's the best title for the text
A.Sora:Lead the way in creating videos
B.Sora:Surpass existing ChatGPT
C.Sora:Generate a rich variety of videos
D.Sora:A perfect text-to-video AI model
B
(2023湖南衡阳八中期中)
The Wandering EarthⅡ, a science-fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science-fiction writers, both in China and overseas. Among them, John Gribbin, a UK science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that that's what makes science fiction prosper.
“It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them,” he says. “This is a bit like music. Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view. “The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs. This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.”
Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imaginary technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, for example, what arouses most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible. If it were possible, what materials would be used
For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science. He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity. Who knows who will emerge as an engineer of such an elevator in 50 years' time ”
Impressed by the progress of science-related industries in China, Gribbin says that “it is going from strength to strength” and that “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and that the Chinese people are naturally interested in the developments.”
5.What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to Paragraph 1
A.The charm of science.
B.The attraction of literature.
C.The popularity of the film.
D.The development of science education.
6.Why does the author mention the music in Paragraph 2
A.To stress music is necessary in science.
B.To tell readers why music appreciation is important.
C.To show the relationship between music and science.
D.To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge.
7.Which is the function of the “space elevator” in The Wandering EarthⅡ
A.It helps control the rocket.
B.It sends astronauts into space.
C.It enables astronauts to walk in space.
D.It maintains astronauts' safety in space.
8.Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A.Putting Science into Fiction
B.Fiction Gaining in Popularity
C.Science Planting Seeds of Hope
D.A Leading Country for Scientific Research
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.dignity 2.salary/salaries 3.fiction
Ⅱ.1.guilty 考查形容词。 设空处位于系动词felt后,作表语,应用形容词,故填guilty。句意:实际上,你本不必为享受生活中的乐趣而感到内疚。
2.declaration(s) 考查名词(复数)。结合空前的such as及空后的介词of可知此空应填入名词,declare的名词形式为declaration,意为“宣告,声名”,既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词,空前没有表示数量的限定词,所以设空处可用不可数名词或可数名词复数,故填declaration(s)。句意:这一记录使人工生命成为批评的成熟目标,例如宣布该领域的科学价值令人怀疑。
3.from;for 考查介词。句意:他母亲病了,更糟的是,他自己也因经常缺勤而被解雇了。dismiss sb. from his/her post for...意为“因……解雇某人”,此处为其被动语态sb.+be dismissed from his/her post for...。
4.appointment 考查名词。make an appointment with sb.意为“和某人约定”。故填appointment。句意:由于头痛严重,凯特取消了下午的会议,并与医生预约去看病。
5.ridiculously 考查副词。“ (ridiculous) huge”为形容词短语,修饰后面的名词 crowds,故用副词作状语,故填ridiculously。句意:除了极度的贫穷和到处吹尘土的大风,当地人还不得不生活在极端炎热的气候中,那里人多得离谱。
6.to imagine 考查不定式。 此处是“it is+adj.+to do sth.”句型,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to imagine。句意:鉴于目前的危机,认为复苏会快速且容易是荒谬的。
7.was;go 考查suggest后宾语从句的谓语动词形式。句意:他脸上的表情表明他不高兴,所以我建议他和我们一起去野营。第一个suggested意为“表明;显示”,后面的宾语从句用陈述语气,从句时态受主句时态的影响,故填was;第二个suggested意为“建议”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略,故填go。
易错归因
本题第二空学生容易受he的影响填goes,或受suggested时态的影响填went。要注意suggest后接宾语从句时,要根据表达的意义首先确定是否使用虚拟语气。
8.was suspended 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:比赛刚刚开始就下起了倾盆大雨,所以比赛暂停了。本句为so连接的并列复合句,后面的分句中the match为主语,所以设空处为谓语,根据语境可知这里讲的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且the match与suspend之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,the match为单数意义,故填was suspended。
Ⅲ.1.tested out 2.In contrast 3.more like 4.or rather
Ⅳ.1.more like;than 2.there stood a stranger 3.were never/not to meet 4.Even though/if some kids/children do have 5.are being spotted/sighted/found by people
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。句意:虽然拉里的妻子克莱尔一开始不喜欢这个主意,但她还是被说服在她的丈夫出差期间让这个机器人陪伴她。“这个主意”在上文出现了(即第一句话),所以设空处表特指,应使用定冠词the。
2.accompany 考查动词。句意同上。let sb./sth. do sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”,此处应填动词,所给词company为名词,意为“陪伴”,其动词形式为accompany。故填accompany。
3.expression 考查名词。句意:虽然这个机器人的面部表情从未改变,但他有迷人的低沉的嗓音。从句缺少主语,且设空处被形容词facial修饰,所以填名词expression。
4.gifted 考查形容词。be gifted with...意为“具有……(令人愉快的东西)”。
5.more 考查比较级。句意:克莱尔一看到托尼就感到恐慌,因为他看起来更像是一个人而不是一台机器。根据后面的than判断设空处填比较级形式。more like意为“更像是”。
6.when 考查连词。这里指当她从梯子上摔下来时,他成功地救了她,故用连词when表示“当……的时候”。
7.making 考查动名词。介词by后面接动名词作宾语,表示“通过做某事”。by后面有and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语。
8.were invited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他建议她举办一个聚会,期待所有被邀请的客人看到她的房子被彻底改变时都会充满羡慕。根据句意可知此处应该用被动语态,who代替guests在从句中作主语,为复数概念,且此处介绍过去发生的事情,所以填were invited。
9.completely 考查副词。句意同上。修饰was transformed应该用副词形式。故填completely。
10.to 考查介词。句意:托尼说他非常依恋她,以至于他不愿意离开她。be attached to意为“喜欢……;依恋……”。故填to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“科幻小说之父”儒勒·凡尔纳的小说《世界尽头的灯塔》于2021年4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。
1.as 考查介词。句意:2021年是被誉为“科幻小说之父”的法国著名诗人、小说家和剧作家儒勒·凡尔纳诞辰193周年。短语be known as表示“以……著称,被誉为……”,这里用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填as。
2.was adapted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:凡尔纳1905年创作的一部不太为人所知的作品《世界尽头的灯塔》于4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。设空处在句中作谓语,主语One of Verne's lesser-known works为单数概念且与adapt构成被动关系,故用被动语态;根据后文in April可知时态为一般过去时,故填was adapted。be adapted into...意为“被改编成……”。
3.Planned 考查过去分词。句意:Jules Verne's:Lighthouse由Brian Haberlin和David Hine组成的经验丰富的创意团队策划,带有科幻色彩,将读者带到外太空的公海,进行一场惊心动魄的冒险。分析句子结构,逗号后已有谓语(gets和casts),故逗号前为状语,提示词plan与句子主语Jules Verne's:Lighthouse构成被动关系,故用过去分词作状语,注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Planned。
4.readers 考查名词复数。reader为可数名词,结合语境可知这里指众多的读者,应用复数形式。故填readers。
5.introduction 考查名词。句意:官方介绍是这样的——Jules Verne's:Lighthouse的故事发生在银河系的边缘,那里有一台名为“灯塔”的巨型超级计算机,它是唯一强大到足以引导飞船穿越大面积自然存在的虫洞的电脑,可能会把飞船的旅程缩短几个月甚至几年。设空处是Here置于句首的倒装句的主语,根据Here's可知应用单数名词introduction。
6.where 考查定语从句。设空处前面为表示地点的名词 the edge of the Galaxy,空格后面的内容缺少地点状语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作地点状语,修饰先行词the edge of the Galaxy。故填where。
易错归因
本题学生容易把空后的known as看作谓语,在设空处填入关系代词which。这里known为非谓语动词,作后置定语。解题时要注意句子成分的分析。
7.to guide 考查不定式。adj.+enough to do sth.表示“足够……以做某事”。故填to guide。
8.potentially 考查副词。修饰动词cutting应用副词potentially,意为“可能地”。故填potentially。
9.reveals 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:三个人、一个外星人和一个保姆机器人多年来在相对和平的情况下控制着这个遥远的空间站,直到Kongre船长和他那群残忍的海盗的到来威胁到文明的未来,并揭示灯塔的每个工作人员都隐藏着一个令人震惊的秘密——控制灯塔的人控制着银河系的这一部分。until引导的时间状语从句中有and连接的两个并列谓语,根据threatens的时态和单复数可知设空处也应为一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,故填reveals。
10.a 考查冠词。secret意为“秘密”,是可数名词,此处为泛指且stunning的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。a stunning secret意为“一个令人震惊的秘密”。
【高频词汇】 1.adventure n.冒险 2.exist v.存在
3.remote adj.遥远的 4.threaten v.威胁 5.civilization n.文明
【熟词生义】 1.brain n.电脑 2.man v.操纵
【差距词汇】 1.nanny n.保姆 2.pirate n.海盗
长难句
原句1 Here's the official introduction:Jules Verne's:Lighthouse is set at the edge of the Galaxy, where a giant supercomputer known as the Lighthouse exists:the only brain powerful enough to guide ships through a large area of naturally occurring wormholes, potentially cutting months or even years off a spaceship's journey time.
分析 where引导非限制性定语从句,known as the Lighthouse 为后置定语,修饰giant supercomputer。the only brain...是对前面a giant supercomputer的补充说明。to guide...跟在adj.+enough后,为不定式作结果状语,cutting months...为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示前面内容自然而然产生的结果。
译文 官方介绍是这样的——Jules Verne's:Lighthouse的故事发生在银河系的边缘,那里有一台名为“灯塔”的巨型超级计算机,它是唯一强大到足以引导飞船穿越大面积自然存在的虫洞的电脑,可能会把飞船的旅程缩短几个月甚至几年。
原句2 Three humans, one alien, and a nanny robot have manned the remote station for years in relative peace until the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates threatens the future of civilization and reveals that each of the Lighthouse crew has been hiding a stunning secret:he who controls the Lighthouse controls this part of the Galaxy.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。until引导时间状语从句,该时间状语从句中the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates 为主语,threatens和reveals为并列谓语,由and连接。reveals后that引导宾语从句。who引导定语从句修饰he。
译文 三个人、一个外星人和一个保姆机器人多年来在相对和平的情况下控制着这个遥远的空间站,直到Kongre船长和他那群残忍的海盗的到来威胁到文明的未来,并揭示灯塔的每个工作人员都隐藏着一个令人震惊的秘密:控制灯塔的人控制着银河系的这一部分。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的人工智能模型Sora,它可以将文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频,同时忠实地遵循内容说明,同时介绍了这个模型的局限性。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“functions”“create videos at suitable aspect ratios for different devices”“lets users quickly test out content of lower quality”“speed up output according to the user's requests”以及第三段中的 “ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner”“create detailed scenes”“understands how these elements exist in the real world”可知,这两段主要讲述Sora的能力。故选C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“However, the current model isn't perfect.”可知目前的模型并不完美。由此可推断,作者下文举的吃曲奇饼的例子是为了说明Sora现存的局限性。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Sora is still in the testing stage of development.”及后文的“test the model's possible weaknesses and risks” “enhancing the model”可知,Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段,找到存在的弱点和风险,然后改进。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一、二、三段主要讲了文本转视频模型 Sora的出现及优势,第四段讲了ChatGPT对Sora的辅助作用,第五段讲了 Sora的局限性,第六段说明了 Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段。结合四个选项可知,A项“Sora:引领视频创作”最符合文章主旨,突出了Sora在视频创作方面的优势及发展前景。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.faithfully adv.忠实地,忠诚地;准确地
2.request n.要求 3.aside from 除了……之外(还)
4.astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的 5.detailed adj.详细的 6.motion n.移动,运动 7.accurate adj.精确的,准确的 8.transform...into...把……转变成……
9.complicated adj.复杂的 10.mix up 弄错 11.enhance v.增强,提高,改进
【熟词生义】 reflection n.映照出的影像
【差距词汇】 surpass v.超过
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学教育与科幻小说的关系进行了阐释。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是使科幻小说繁荣的原因。”可知,科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D。
6.D 推理判断题。第二段第一句提到了解科学的基本原理非常重要。后面接着提到了这有点像音乐,阐述了懂一点音乐对于音乐欣赏的作用。由此可推知,第二段是以对音乐的欣赏为例说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“例如,在最近的一部中,引起公众最多的激烈讨论的是‘太空电梯’,它使航天员乘坐电梯而不是火箭完成他们的太空之旅。”可知,太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B。
8.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是使科幻小说繁荣的原因。”点出了科学教育与科幻小说繁荣之间的关系,后面几段具体论证了这种关系。由此可知,A项“把科学融入小说”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.speak highly of高度赞扬/评价
2.fundamental n.基本原理 adj.基本的;十分重大的
3.episode n.一集,一节 4.emerge v.出现;露出
5.leading adj.领先的;一流的
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