2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--UNIT 1 Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.With the development of AI robots, the need for (劳动力)within factories is becoming less and less.
2.Before making dumplings, we first stir(搅拌) the f and water into a paste for later use.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.You can be paid in cash (week) or by cheque monthly;those are the two alternatives.
2.What seemed to be happening was that they didn't want to conflict each other.
3.Both of the (salesman) acted patiently and showed her nearly all the hats in the shop.
4.(2024福建南平模拟)But breaking down your thinking can be helpful. You could start by listing the different options and then weigh up the pros cons of each one.
5.Some people hold the opinion that reading paper books is superior reading e-books in many ways.
6.(2024山东泰安期中)Emma worried that they saw her as a failure, someone who couldn't meet their expectations. Doubt took , and her passion began to fade.
7.(2021新高考Ⅱ)A new exhibition in Halifax uses everyday activities to explain the hidden math principles we all use on a regular (base).
8.This nine-to-five job is calculated (appeal) to middle-aged men.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.A great deal of time (spend) on the research before the success of China's manned space flight.
2.The get-together in the teahouse (cancel) by the time we arrived.
3.A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday.
4.What I am curious about is whether people will (replace) completely by ChatGPT to finish some text writing tasks one day.
5.Nobody is in the classroom because the students (interview) on the playground about the success of the basketball match.
6.It (calculate) that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.
题型(二)
使用被动语态完成下列句子的转换
1.The school English newspaper will hold a fiction writing contest next week.
→A fiction writing contest by the school English newspaper next week.
2.People refer to California as the Golden State.
→California the Golden State by people.
3.(2022全国甲写作)In order to stop the ocean pollution, the government has taken a lot of measures.
→A lot of measures by the government in order to stop the ocean pollution.
4.We are discussing how to spend the summer holidays now.
→How to spend the summer holidays by us now.
5.After the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft successfully lifted off, the command center observed it enter the predetermined orbit and dock with the Chinese space station.
→After the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft successfully lifted off, it the predetermined orbit and dock with the Chinese space station by the command center.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024广东东莞月考)
Science fiction pioneer and writer Wu Yan won the National Outstanding Children's Literature Award for his latest work China Orbit. The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry, and it was inspired by the planning and preparation of China's first but canceled manned spacecraft, “Shuguang 1”, also known as Project 714, during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
“I collected many historical documents and stories and started writing decades ago,” Wu remembered. Partly based on Wu's own experiences in the 1970s, the book is a combination of reality and fiction, and in some ways his own memoir(传记) was added into the science fiction. This innovative and unique writing method makes the book stand out and has even stirred up a debate on how to demarcate it. Is it science fiction, popular science, children's literature, or aerospace literature
His fellow science fiction writer Liu Cixin, author of The Three-Body Problem, sees it more deeply, and believes China Orbit is not really children's science fiction or popular science. He thinks it is too complicated to be classed under a single category. He speaks highly of China Orbit as a unique science fiction novel that vividly shows a child's real-life experience in a military camp of a specific era.
In Wu's opinion, China is a big market for children's science fiction, but it still lacks extraordinary works. He warned people not to try to earn quick money from it after The Three-Body Problem frenzy(狂热) and the blockbuster movie The Wandering Earth because Chinese science fiction still has a long way to go. We need to build Chinese science fiction step by step, with an accumulation of really great works. We need to innovate, and treat it as part of building China's new culture.
1.What is the book China Orbit mainly about
A.The space industry in China.
B.The introduction to Project 714.
C.Stories about outstanding Chinese astronauts.
D.Preparations for China's first manned spacecraft.
2.What does the underlined word “demarcate” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Calculate. B.Classify. C.Contrast. D.Declare.
3.What is Wu's approach to writing China Orbit
A.He organizes the writing by time.
B.He tells the story in the form of debate.
C.He focuses on creating the role of children.
D.He combines his personal experiences with fiction.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.China Orbit has no commercial value.
B.Chinese science movies are of poor quality.
C.Innovation is crucial to Chinese science fiction.
D.Wu Yan is disappointed at the Chinese film market.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023安徽合肥联考)
Science fiction, or sci-fi, with more themes related to environmental issues, overpopulation, and technological growth, has explosively grown in popularity since the beginning of the 21st century. 1
Some Chinese Sci-Fi History
2 Few works were translated. And the Western world had little to no taste for it.
The history of Chinese sci-fi is extensive, whereas the modern genre first took root during the 1900s. Authors such as Lu Xun promoted sci-fi's early development in China and translated multiple Western stories like Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon. From the 1970s, China began its own golden age of science fiction. Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers. 3
Its Entry into the West
Chinese sci-fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three-Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel to be translated into English. 4 Chinese sci-fi's introduction into the West began with this novel, and it couldn't have been given a better international debut(首次亮相). Liu has become a go-to source for Chinese authors having an urge to seek international audiences.
What Makes Chinese Sci-Fi Distinctive
The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs. 5 The stories are also different because many modern Chinese sci-fi authors are heavily affected by the events of the 20th century. Their perspectives on morals, ethics, politics, science and so on come from the standpoint previously unknown to Western readers.
A.He is a writer, translator and computer scientist.
B.Published in 2014, it proved to be a huge success.
C.Before the 2000s, Chinese sci-fi was lesser-known.
D.Chinese sci-fi also made its way to the West and took the West by storm.
E.Similar to Western sci-fi, it has experienced ups and downs.
F.This makes Chinese sci-fi a cultural and historical analysis of China.
G.This laid the foundation for its eventual introduction to Western readers.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024河北石家庄期中)
Sarkar is a nanotechnologist(纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 1 the minds of millions of people worldwide.
Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 , who as a young woman went against social norms(规范) in her village by 4 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 6 , fashioning devices to make home life more 7 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 8 in science and technology,” Sarkar says.
After 9 a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad, Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics. There, she tested new ways to 11 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 12 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 13 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice.
Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated by the 14 , which she calls “the lowest-energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons(神经元) to improve the computing pace of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are 15 , but we could be better than what we are,” she says.
1.A.enrich B.read
C.affect D.poison
2.A.birds B.researchers
C.failures D.inspirations
3.A.aunt B.mother
C.sister D.grandmother
4.A.working B.pretending
C.refusing D.fetching
5.A.protected B.switched
C.stimulated D.supported
6.A.job B.holiday
C.discomfort D.passion
7.A.complex B.convenient
C.peaceful D.meaningful
8.A.interested B.honest
C.lucky D.disappointed
9.A.starting B.earning
C.needing D.introducing
10.A.adapted to B.looked for
C.headed for D.belonged to
11.A.create B.fix
C.operate D.sell
12.A.water B.money
C.power D.time
13.A.Randomly B.Immediately
C.Obviously D.Eventually
14.A.computer B.brain
C.exercise D.fashion
15.A.empty B.busy
C.absurd D.remarkable
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2 Learning About Language &
Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.labo(u)r 2.flour
Ⅱ.1.weekly 考查副词。根据前面的be paid和后面的monthly可知此处应使用副词,故填weekly。句意:你的工资可以按周以现金的形式发放,或按月以支票发放;二者可选其一。
2.with 考查介词。句意:正在发生的似乎是他们不想彼此发生冲突。conflict with...意为“与……发生冲突”,故填with。
3.salesmen 考查名词复数。 根据Both判断此空应填入可数名词的复数形式salesmen。
类比启发
以-man, -woman结尾的合成词,变成复数时与man, woman的变化形式相同,如:
saleswoman→saleswomen女售货员
chairwoman→chairwomen女主席
policeman→policemen警察
fireman→firemen消防队员
定势纠偏
human(人),German(德国人),Roman(罗马人)不是合成词,复数形式不遵循man的变化规律,而是按照规则变化,即用 humans, Germans,Romans。
4.and 考查连词。句意:但是分解你的想法是有帮助的。你可以先列出不同的选项,然后权衡每个选项的利弊。pros and cons意为“利与弊”,故填and。
5.to 考查介词。be superior to...意为“比……更好;优于……”。句意:有些人认为阅读纸质书在很多方面优于阅读电子书。
6.over 考查短语动词。句意:埃玛担心他们认为她是个失败者,不能满足他们的期望。怀疑占据了上风,她的热情开始消退。take over意为“占上风,取而代之”。故填over。
7.basis 考查名词。on a regular basis为固定搭配,意为“定期地;经常地”。句意:哈利法克斯的一个新展览使用日常活动来解释我们都经常使用的隐藏的数学原理。
8.to appeal 考查不定式。be calculated to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“打算/旨在做某事”。句意:这种朝九晚五的工作旨在吸引中年男人。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.was spent 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:在中国载人航天飞行成功之前,大量的时间被花费在研究上面。根据已知事实中国载人航天飞行已经成功可知,花费时间研究应用一般过去时,主语A great deal of time为不可数名词且与spend构成被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was spent。
2.had been cancel(l)ed 考查时态和被动语态。句意:我们到达时,茶馆的聚会已经取消了。根据时间状语从句by the time we arrived可知主句谓语动词应用过去完成时,主语The get-together与cancel之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填had been cancel(l)ed。
3.have been rescued 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:从昨天起,这个地震灾区的许多幸存者已经被士兵们救出来了。根据时间状语since yesterday可知谓语动词应用现在完成时,主语survivors(复数概念)和rescue是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填have been rescued。
4.be replaced 考查被动语态。句意:我好奇的是,有一天人类是否会完全被ChatGPT取代来完成一些文本写作任务。分析句子可知,whether引导表语从句,“will (replace)”为表语从句中的谓语,表语从句中的主语为people,与replace之间为被动关系,故填be replaced,构成一般将来时的被动语态。
5.are being interviewed 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:教室里没有人,因为学生们正在操场上接受关于篮球赛成功的采访。分析句子结构可知,这是一个包含原因状语从句的主从复合句,设空处在状语从句中作谓语,且从句主语the students(复数概念)和interview之间为被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据主句内容可知,从句谓语表示的动作(interview)当前正在发生,故应使用现在进行时,故填are being interviewed。
6.is/was calculated 考查固定句式。It is calculated that...意为“据计算……”,It 为形式主语,that 引导的从句为真正的主语。句意:据计算,去年至少有47,000个工作岗位流失。根据语境可知,这里可用一般现在时或一般过去时,故填is/was calculated。
题型(二)
1.will be held 2.is referred to as 3.have been taken 4.is being discussed 5.was observed to enter
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了作家吴岩凭借其最新作品《中国轨道号》获得了全国优秀儿童文学奖,并介绍了这部儿童科幻作品创作的过程,同时指出了中国儿童科幻小说存在的问题和努力的方向。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry(这本书的重点是中国航空航天工业的发展)”可知,这本书主要讲的是中国的航天工业。故选A。
易错归因
此题容易误选D项,D项内容在第一段出现了,但文中表达的是中国第一艘但被取消的载人航天器“曙光一号”的规划和准备是该书的灵感,而不是书的主要内容,D项犯了断章取义的错误。
2.B 词义猜测题。 根据画线词所在句后面的问句“Is it science fiction, popular science, children's literature, or aerospace literature (它是科幻小说、大众科学、儿童文学还是航空航天文学 )”可以推测出前一句表达的是不知道它应该归为哪一类书,且画线词后的it指代前面的the book,所以B项Classify “将……归类”符合语境。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Partly based on Wu's own experiences...was added into the science fiction.”可知,吴岩把他自己的传记添加到了科幻小说中,小说中有他个人经历的影子。因此,他的写作方法是把个人经历和小说结合起来。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“We need to build Chinese science fiction step by step...We need to innovate, and treat it as part of building China's new culture.”可知,中国科幻小说需要一步一步地发展,积累真正伟大的作品,我们需要创新,并且把它作为建设中国新文化的一部分。由此推断出创新是中国科幻小说的关键。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.focus on 集中于…… 2.cancel v.取消
3.decade n.十年 4.combination n.结合(体) 5.stand out显眼,突出 6.complicated adj.复杂的 7.speak highly of高度赞扬 8.vividly adv.生动地
9.extraordinary adj.非凡的;卓越的
【差距词汇】 1.stir up激起 2.accumulation n.积累
长难句
原句 The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry, and it was inspired by the planning and preparation of China's first but canceled manned spacecraft, “Shuguang 1”, also known as Project 714, during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
分析 本句为并列复合句。第一个and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中but连接并列的first 和canceled,“Shuguang 1”是“China's...spacecraft”的同位语, “also known as Project 714”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰“Shuguang 1”,“during the late 1960s and early 1970s”为时间状语。
译文 该书重点关注中国航空航天工业的发展,其灵感来自20世纪60年代末和70年代初期间中国第一艘但被取消的载人航天器“曙光一号”(也称为714工程)的规划和准备。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科幻小说的发展历史、进入西方世界的原因及中国科幻小说的独特魅力。
1.D 过渡句。设空处上文谈到科幻小说在21世纪初期迎来了爆发式增长。再根据下文的三个小标题“一些中国科幻小说史”、“它进入西方”、“是什么让中国科幻小说与众不同”可知,本文讲述的是中国科幻小说的相关内容。D项“中国科幻小说也进入并席卷了西方”将上文提到的科幻小说过渡到中国科幻小说,同时引领下文内容,起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
2.C 细节句。设空处下文“Few works...taste for it.(翻译的作品很少。并且西方世界对此几乎没有或没有兴趣)”与C项“在21世纪之前,中国科幻小说是较不出名的”意思一致,都在描述中国科幻小说兴起之前的历史。故选C项。
3.G 细节句。上文“Movies...became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.(电影、俱乐部、杂志、社团和社区都围绕着这一类型形成,并在中国读者中越来越受欢迎)”和G项“这为它最终被西方读者了解奠定了基础”形成内容上的承接,指出了中国科幻小说先在国内繁荣,后被西方接受的发展过程。故选G项。
4.B 细节句。上文谈到《三体》是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说,B项“该书于2014年出版,取得了巨大的成功”是对英文翻译版的介绍,承接上文内容。故选B项。
5.F 细节句。上文“The subgenre...beliefs.(该亚体裁由于使用了许多文化和传统物品、词语、地点和信仰而独特)”和F项“这使得中国科幻小说成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析”构成因果关系,即正是由于使用了这些具有代表性和独特性的东西,中国科幻小说才能成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.grow in popularity开始流行 2.take root扎根;深入人心 3.make one's way to前往,到……地方去 4.ups and downs 兴衰;浮沉 5.analysis n.分析 6.lay the foundation for...为……打下基础
【差距词汇】 go-to adj.征询意见的,寻求协助的
长难句
原句 Chinese sci-fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three-Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel to be translated into English.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句,“the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel”是The Three-Body Problem的同位语。“to be translated into English”为后置定语,修饰contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel。
译文 中国科幻小说被全世界认可主要是由于刘宇昆,他翻译了《三体》,这是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及她取得的成就。
1.C 设空处前面的that引导定语从句,指代先行词brain diseases在从句中作主语,结合后面的“the minds of millions of people”可知,这里指她从事的关于大脑疾病的研究会“影响”全世界数百万人的大脑。故选C项。
2.D 根据下文中的“Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 , who as a young woman...”以及“Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering”可知,她作为研究员的勇气来自她的母亲,而她的父亲让她对工程学产生兴趣,由此可推断,此处指的是她把父母看作早年“激发灵感的人”。故选D项。
3.B 根据上文中的“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 ”可知,她认为她早年的灵感源自父母,结合下文中的“a young woman”可知,这里指的是她的“母亲”。故选B项。
4.A 根据下文中的“to fund her own education”可知,母亲要通过工作才能赚钱为她的教育提供资金,所以此处指“工作”。故选A项。fund v.资助,为……提供资金。
5.C 根据上文中的内容“她认为她早年的灵感源自父母”可知,前文叙述了母亲对她的影响,此处指的是她的父亲“激发”了她对工程学的兴趣,前后文呼应。故选C项。
6.D 根据上文中的内容可知,父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣,下文“fashioning devices”谈到父亲制作设备,这些都体现出父亲对工程学也是有“热情”的。故选D项。
7.B 根据下文中的“including an electricity-free washing machine”可知,父亲制作了很多设备,包括一台不用电的洗衣机,由此可推断,此处指的是制作的这些设备使家庭生活更“方便”。故选B项。
8.A 根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering.”可知,父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣,所以此处指的是父亲的行为使她对科学技术 “感兴趣”。故选A项。
9.B 根据学业常识和下文中的“Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics”可知,萨卡尔从印度理工学院毕业, “获得”电气工程学士学位后才去的加州学习纳米电子学。故选B项。
10.C 根据上文中的“After 9 a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad”和下文中的“California to study nanoelectronics”并结合事情发展的先后顺序可知,萨卡尔是在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后,去了加州学习纳米电子学,所以此处应为“前往”。故选C项。
11.A 根据上文中的“There, she tested new ways”可知,萨卡尔在加州测试新方法,再结合本段最后的“developing a standout nanodevice(研发出了极好的纳米器件)”可推断,此处应为“制造”纳米器件。故选A项。
12.C 根据电子产品常识和下文中的“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics”可知,电脑和其他的电子设备应该是耗电的,所以此处指的是制造出可以减少计算机和其他日常电子设备消耗的“电”量的纳米器件。故选C项。
13.D 根据语境以及下文中的“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice”可知,她取得了突破,开发出一种出色的纳米器件,由此可知,此处应是经过不懈努力后,“最终”取得突破。故选D项。
14.B 根据下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices...in our brains.”可知,她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间,以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度,结合空后的“which she calls ‘the lowest-energy computer’”可知,被称为“最低能耗的计算机”的应该是大脑,所以,此处指的是她开始对“大脑”感兴趣。故选B项。
15.D 根据下文中的“but we could be better than what we are”可知,我们可以比我们现在更好,由此可知,我们的大脑已是“非凡的”。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.assistant n.助理 adj.助理的
2.consume v.消耗,耗费 3.breakthrough n.突破
4.fascinated adj.极感兴趣的
【熟词生义】 1.credit v.认为……是……
2.fashion v.制作
【差距词汇】 processor n.处理器
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.With the development of AI robots, the need for (劳动力)within factories is becoming less and less.
2.Before making dumplings, we first stir(搅拌) the f and water into a paste for later use.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.You can be paid in cash (week) or by cheque monthly;those are the two alternatives.
2.What seemed to be happening was that they didn't want to conflict each other.
3.Both of the (salesman) acted patiently and showed her nearly all the hats in the shop.
4.(2024福建南平模拟)But breaking down your thinking can be helpful. You could start by listing the different options and then weigh up the pros cons of each one.
5.Some people hold the opinion that reading paper books is superior reading e-books in many ways.
6.(2024山东泰安期中)Emma worried that they saw her as a failure, someone who couldn't meet their expectations. Doubt took , and her passion began to fade.
7.(2021新高考Ⅱ)A new exhibition in Halifax uses everyday activities to explain the hidden math principles we all use on a regular (base).
8.This nine-to-five job is calculated (appeal) to middle-aged men.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.A great deal of time (spend) on the research before the success of China's manned space flight.
2.The get-together in the teahouse (cancel) by the time we arrived.
3.A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday.
4.What I am curious about is whether people will (replace) completely by ChatGPT to finish some text writing tasks one day.
5.Nobody is in the classroom because the students (interview) on the playground about the success of the basketball match.
6.It (calculate) that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.
题型(二)
使用被动语态完成下列句子的转换
1.The school English newspaper will hold a fiction writing contest next week.
→A fiction writing contest by the school English newspaper next week.
2.People refer to California as the Golden State.
→California the Golden State by people.
3.(2022全国甲写作)In order to stop the ocean pollution, the government has taken a lot of measures.
→A lot of measures by the government in order to stop the ocean pollution.
4.We are discussing how to spend the summer holidays now.
→How to spend the summer holidays by us now.
5.After the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft successfully lifted off, the command center observed it enter the predetermined orbit and dock with the Chinese space station.
→After the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft successfully lifted off, it the predetermined orbit and dock with the Chinese space station by the command center.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024广东东莞月考)
Science fiction pioneer and writer Wu Yan won the National Outstanding Children's Literature Award for his latest work China Orbit. The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry, and it was inspired by the planning and preparation of China's first but canceled manned spacecraft, “Shuguang 1”, also known as Project 714, during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
“I collected many historical documents and stories and started writing decades ago,” Wu remembered. Partly based on Wu's own experiences in the 1970s, the book is a combination of reality and fiction, and in some ways his own memoir(传记) was added into the science fiction. This innovative and unique writing method makes the book stand out and has even stirred up a debate on how to demarcate it. Is it science fiction, popular science, children's literature, or aerospace literature
His fellow science fiction writer Liu Cixin, author of The Three-Body Problem, sees it more deeply, and believes China Orbit is not really children's science fiction or popular science. He thinks it is too complicated to be classed under a single category. He speaks highly of China Orbit as a unique science fiction novel that vividly shows a child's real-life experience in a military camp of a specific era.
In Wu's opinion, China is a big market for children's science fiction, but it still lacks extraordinary works. He warned people not to try to earn quick money from it after The Three-Body Problem frenzy(狂热) and the blockbuster movie The Wandering Earth because Chinese science fiction still has a long way to go. We need to build Chinese science fiction step by step, with an accumulation of really great works. We need to innovate, and treat it as part of building China's new culture.
1.What is the book China Orbit mainly about
A.The space industry in China.
B.The introduction to Project 714.
C.Stories about outstanding Chinese astronauts.
D.Preparations for China's first manned spacecraft.
2.What does the underlined word “demarcate” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Calculate. B.Classify. C.Contrast. D.Declare.
3.What is Wu's approach to writing China Orbit
A.He organizes the writing by time.
B.He tells the story in the form of debate.
C.He focuses on creating the role of children.
D.He combines his personal experiences with fiction.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.China Orbit has no commercial value.
B.Chinese science movies are of poor quality.
C.Innovation is crucial to Chinese science fiction.
D.Wu Yan is disappointed at the Chinese film market.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023安徽合肥联考)
Science fiction, or sci-fi, with more themes related to environmental issues, overpopulation, and technological growth, has explosively grown in popularity since the beginning of the 21st century. 1
Some Chinese Sci-Fi History
2 Few works were translated. And the Western world had little to no taste for it.
The history of Chinese sci-fi is extensive, whereas the modern genre first took root during the 1900s. Authors such as Lu Xun promoted sci-fi's early development in China and translated multiple Western stories like Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon. From the 1970s, China began its own golden age of science fiction. Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers. 3
Its Entry into the West
Chinese sci-fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three-Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel to be translated into English. 4 Chinese sci-fi's introduction into the West began with this novel, and it couldn't have been given a better international debut(首次亮相). Liu has become a go-to source for Chinese authors having an urge to seek international audiences.
What Makes Chinese Sci-Fi Distinctive
The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs. 5 The stories are also different because many modern Chinese sci-fi authors are heavily affected by the events of the 20th century. Their perspectives on morals, ethics, politics, science and so on come from the standpoint previously unknown to Western readers.
A.He is a writer, translator and computer scientist.
B.Published in 2014, it proved to be a huge success.
C.Before the 2000s, Chinese sci-fi was lesser-known.
D.Chinese sci-fi also made its way to the West and took the West by storm.
E.Similar to Western sci-fi, it has experienced ups and downs.
F.This makes Chinese sci-fi a cultural and historical analysis of China.
G.This laid the foundation for its eventual introduction to Western readers.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024河北石家庄期中)
Sarkar is a nanotechnologist(纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 1 the minds of millions of people worldwide.
Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 , who as a young woman went against social norms(规范) in her village by 4 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 6 , fashioning devices to make home life more 7 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 8 in science and technology,” Sarkar says.
After 9 a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad, Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics. There, she tested new ways to 11 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 12 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 13 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice.
Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated by the 14 , which she calls “the lowest-energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons(神经元) to improve the computing pace of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are 15 , but we could be better than what we are,” she says.
1.A.enrich B.read
C.affect D.poison
2.A.birds B.researchers
C.failures D.inspirations
3.A.aunt B.mother
C.sister D.grandmother
4.A.working B.pretending
C.refusing D.fetching
5.A.protected B.switched
C.stimulated D.supported
6.A.job B.holiday
C.discomfort D.passion
7.A.complex B.convenient
C.peaceful D.meaningful
8.A.interested B.honest
C.lucky D.disappointed
9.A.starting B.earning
C.needing D.introducing
10.A.adapted to B.looked for
C.headed for D.belonged to
11.A.create B.fix
C.operate D.sell
12.A.water B.money
C.power D.time
13.A.Randomly B.Immediately
C.Obviously D.Eventually
14.A.computer B.brain
C.exercise D.fashion
15.A.empty B.busy
C.absurd D.remarkable
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2 Learning About Language &
Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.labo(u)r 2.flour
Ⅱ.1.weekly 考查副词。根据前面的be paid和后面的monthly可知此处应使用副词,故填weekly。句意:你的工资可以按周以现金的形式发放,或按月以支票发放;二者可选其一。
2.with 考查介词。句意:正在发生的似乎是他们不想彼此发生冲突。conflict with...意为“与……发生冲突”,故填with。
3.salesmen 考查名词复数。 根据Both判断此空应填入可数名词的复数形式salesmen。
类比启发
以-man, -woman结尾的合成词,变成复数时与man, woman的变化形式相同,如:
saleswoman→saleswomen女售货员
chairwoman→chairwomen女主席
policeman→policemen警察
fireman→firemen消防队员
定势纠偏
human(人),German(德国人),Roman(罗马人)不是合成词,复数形式不遵循man的变化规律,而是按照规则变化,即用 humans, Germans,Romans。
4.and 考查连词。句意:但是分解你的想法是有帮助的。你可以先列出不同的选项,然后权衡每个选项的利弊。pros and cons意为“利与弊”,故填and。
5.to 考查介词。be superior to...意为“比……更好;优于……”。句意:有些人认为阅读纸质书在很多方面优于阅读电子书。
6.over 考查短语动词。句意:埃玛担心他们认为她是个失败者,不能满足他们的期望。怀疑占据了上风,她的热情开始消退。take over意为“占上风,取而代之”。故填over。
7.basis 考查名词。on a regular basis为固定搭配,意为“定期地;经常地”。句意:哈利法克斯的一个新展览使用日常活动来解释我们都经常使用的隐藏的数学原理。
8.to appeal 考查不定式。be calculated to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“打算/旨在做某事”。句意:这种朝九晚五的工作旨在吸引中年男人。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.was spent 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:在中国载人航天飞行成功之前,大量的时间被花费在研究上面。根据已知事实中国载人航天飞行已经成功可知,花费时间研究应用一般过去时,主语A great deal of time为不可数名词且与spend构成被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was spent。
2.had been cancel(l)ed 考查时态和被动语态。句意:我们到达时,茶馆的聚会已经取消了。根据时间状语从句by the time we arrived可知主句谓语动词应用过去完成时,主语The get-together与cancel之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填had been cancel(l)ed。
3.have been rescued 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:从昨天起,这个地震灾区的许多幸存者已经被士兵们救出来了。根据时间状语since yesterday可知谓语动词应用现在完成时,主语survivors(复数概念)和rescue是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填have been rescued。
4.be replaced 考查被动语态。句意:我好奇的是,有一天人类是否会完全被ChatGPT取代来完成一些文本写作任务。分析句子可知,whether引导表语从句,“will (replace)”为表语从句中的谓语,表语从句中的主语为people,与replace之间为被动关系,故填be replaced,构成一般将来时的被动语态。
5.are being interviewed 考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意:教室里没有人,因为学生们正在操场上接受关于篮球赛成功的采访。分析句子结构可知,这是一个包含原因状语从句的主从复合句,设空处在状语从句中作谓语,且从句主语the students(复数概念)和interview之间为被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据主句内容可知,从句谓语表示的动作(interview)当前正在发生,故应使用现在进行时,故填are being interviewed。
6.is/was calculated 考查固定句式。It is calculated that...意为“据计算……”,It 为形式主语,that 引导的从句为真正的主语。句意:据计算,去年至少有47,000个工作岗位流失。根据语境可知,这里可用一般现在时或一般过去时,故填is/was calculated。
题型(二)
1.will be held 2.is referred to as 3.have been taken 4.is being discussed 5.was observed to enter
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了作家吴岩凭借其最新作品《中国轨道号》获得了全国优秀儿童文学奖,并介绍了这部儿童科幻作品创作的过程,同时指出了中国儿童科幻小说存在的问题和努力的方向。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry(这本书的重点是中国航空航天工业的发展)”可知,这本书主要讲的是中国的航天工业。故选A。
易错归因
此题容易误选D项,D项内容在第一段出现了,但文中表达的是中国第一艘但被取消的载人航天器“曙光一号”的规划和准备是该书的灵感,而不是书的主要内容,D项犯了断章取义的错误。
2.B 词义猜测题。 根据画线词所在句后面的问句“Is it science fiction, popular science, children's literature, or aerospace literature (它是科幻小说、大众科学、儿童文学还是航空航天文学 )”可以推测出前一句表达的是不知道它应该归为哪一类书,且画线词后的it指代前面的the book,所以B项Classify “将……归类”符合语境。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Partly based on Wu's own experiences...was added into the science fiction.”可知,吴岩把他自己的传记添加到了科幻小说中,小说中有他个人经历的影子。因此,他的写作方法是把个人经历和小说结合起来。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“We need to build Chinese science fiction step by step...We need to innovate, and treat it as part of building China's new culture.”可知,中国科幻小说需要一步一步地发展,积累真正伟大的作品,我们需要创新,并且把它作为建设中国新文化的一部分。由此推断出创新是中国科幻小说的关键。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.focus on 集中于…… 2.cancel v.取消
3.decade n.十年 4.combination n.结合(体) 5.stand out显眼,突出 6.complicated adj.复杂的 7.speak highly of高度赞扬 8.vividly adv.生动地
9.extraordinary adj.非凡的;卓越的
【差距词汇】 1.stir up激起 2.accumulation n.积累
长难句
原句 The book focuses on the development of the Chinese aerospace industry, and it was inspired by the planning and preparation of China's first but canceled manned spacecraft, “Shuguang 1”, also known as Project 714, during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
分析 本句为并列复合句。第一个and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中but连接并列的first 和canceled,“Shuguang 1”是“China's...spacecraft”的同位语, “also known as Project 714”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰“Shuguang 1”,“during the late 1960s and early 1970s”为时间状语。
译文 该书重点关注中国航空航天工业的发展,其灵感来自20世纪60年代末和70年代初期间中国第一艘但被取消的载人航天器“曙光一号”(也称为714工程)的规划和准备。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科幻小说的发展历史、进入西方世界的原因及中国科幻小说的独特魅力。
1.D 过渡句。设空处上文谈到科幻小说在21世纪初期迎来了爆发式增长。再根据下文的三个小标题“一些中国科幻小说史”、“它进入西方”、“是什么让中国科幻小说与众不同”可知,本文讲述的是中国科幻小说的相关内容。D项“中国科幻小说也进入并席卷了西方”将上文提到的科幻小说过渡到中国科幻小说,同时引领下文内容,起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
2.C 细节句。设空处下文“Few works...taste for it.(翻译的作品很少。并且西方世界对此几乎没有或没有兴趣)”与C项“在21世纪之前,中国科幻小说是较不出名的”意思一致,都在描述中国科幻小说兴起之前的历史。故选C项。
3.G 细节句。上文“Movies...became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.(电影、俱乐部、杂志、社团和社区都围绕着这一类型形成,并在中国读者中越来越受欢迎)”和G项“这为它最终被西方读者了解奠定了基础”形成内容上的承接,指出了中国科幻小说先在国内繁荣,后被西方接受的发展过程。故选G项。
4.B 细节句。上文谈到《三体》是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说,B项“该书于2014年出版,取得了巨大的成功”是对英文翻译版的介绍,承接上文内容。故选B项。
5.F 细节句。上文“The subgenre...beliefs.(该亚体裁由于使用了许多文化和传统物品、词语、地点和信仰而独特)”和F项“这使得中国科幻小说成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析”构成因果关系,即正是由于使用了这些具有代表性和独特性的东西,中国科幻小说才能成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.grow in popularity开始流行 2.take root扎根;深入人心 3.make one's way to前往,到……地方去 4.ups and downs 兴衰;浮沉 5.analysis n.分析 6.lay the foundation for...为……打下基础
【差距词汇】 go-to adj.征询意见的,寻求协助的
长难句
原句 Chinese sci-fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three-Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel to be translated into English.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句,“the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel”是The Three-Body Problem的同位语。“to be translated into English”为后置定语,修饰contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel。
译文 中国科幻小说被全世界认可主要是由于刘宇昆,他翻译了《三体》,这是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及她取得的成就。
1.C 设空处前面的that引导定语从句,指代先行词brain diseases在从句中作主语,结合后面的“the minds of millions of people”可知,这里指她从事的关于大脑疾病的研究会“影响”全世界数百万人的大脑。故选C项。
2.D 根据下文中的“Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 , who as a young woman...”以及“Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering”可知,她作为研究员的勇气来自她的母亲,而她的父亲让她对工程学产生兴趣,由此可推断,此处指的是她把父母看作早年“激发灵感的人”。故选D项。
3.B 根据上文中的“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 ”可知,她认为她早年的灵感源自父母,结合下文中的“a young woman”可知,这里指的是她的“母亲”。故选B项。
4.A 根据下文中的“to fund her own education”可知,母亲要通过工作才能赚钱为她的教育提供资金,所以此处指“工作”。故选A项。fund v.资助,为……提供资金。
5.C 根据上文中的内容“她认为她早年的灵感源自父母”可知,前文叙述了母亲对她的影响,此处指的是她的父亲“激发”了她对工程学的兴趣,前后文呼应。故选C项。
6.D 根据上文中的内容可知,父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣,下文“fashioning devices”谈到父亲制作设备,这些都体现出父亲对工程学也是有“热情”的。故选D项。
7.B 根据下文中的“including an electricity-free washing machine”可知,父亲制作了很多设备,包括一台不用电的洗衣机,由此可推断,此处指的是制作的这些设备使家庭生活更“方便”。故选B项。
8.A 根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar's father 5 her interest in engineering.”可知,父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣,所以此处指的是父亲的行为使她对科学技术 “感兴趣”。故选A项。
9.B 根据学业常识和下文中的“Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics”可知,萨卡尔从印度理工学院毕业, “获得”电气工程学士学位后才去的加州学习纳米电子学。故选B项。
10.C 根据上文中的“After 9 a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad”和下文中的“California to study nanoelectronics”并结合事情发展的先后顺序可知,萨卡尔是在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后,去了加州学习纳米电子学,所以此处应为“前往”。故选C项。
11.A 根据上文中的“There, she tested new ways”可知,萨卡尔在加州测试新方法,再结合本段最后的“developing a standout nanodevice(研发出了极好的纳米器件)”可推断,此处应为“制造”纳米器件。故选A项。
12.C 根据电子产品常识和下文中的“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics”可知,电脑和其他的电子设备应该是耗电的,所以此处指的是制造出可以减少计算机和其他日常电子设备消耗的“电”量的纳米器件。故选C项。
13.D 根据语境以及下文中的“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice”可知,她取得了突破,开发出一种出色的纳米器件,由此可知,此处应是经过不懈努力后,“最终”取得突破。故选D项。
14.B 根据下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices...in our brains.”可知,她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间,以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度,结合空后的“which she calls ‘the lowest-energy computer’”可知,被称为“最低能耗的计算机”的应该是大脑,所以,此处指的是她开始对“大脑”感兴趣。故选B项。
15.D 根据下文中的“but we could be better than what we are”可知,我们可以比我们现在更好,由此可知,我们的大脑已是“非凡的”。故选D项。
【高频词汇】 1.assistant n.助理 adj.助理的
2.consume v.消耗,耗费 3.breakthrough n.突破
4.fascinated adj.极感兴趣的
【熟词生义】 1.credit v.认为……是……
2.fashion v.制作
【差距词汇】 processor n.处理器
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