2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--UNIT 2 Part 1 Reading and Thinking（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.With our (共同的) efforts, we succeeded in finishing our work and got a big bonus.
2.2023 saw the popularity of the Zibo (烧烤), which was a must-try of the city.
3.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty (简单的) to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Ronald Reagan's love for (politics) work led him to become the President of the U.S.
2.Despite simple cooking equipment, it is always tasty and I feel home with food from China.
3.Take every course that's offered and focus on skills which can lay a (found) for your present business or next job.
4.This goldenrod, which is native Canada and America, gives a threat to the plants that grow around it.
5. (personal) speaking, I believe that practice is the most effective and beneficial way to understand and learn about the world.
6. (locate) in the heart of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, is a place worth visiting.
7.(2024江苏宿迁期中)ChatGPT has caused a new moral panic as many teachers, parents, and even some teens (convince)that students will use this tool to cheat.
8.The National Aquatics Center, also (refer) to as the “Water Cube”, had been transformed into the “Ice Cube” for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
Ⅲ.选词填空
make up;lead to;major in;in close contact with;play an important part in
Tom is musically gifted. Although he 1. physics when he was in college, music still 2. his life. He and his best friend Adam shared a common interest and formed a band, which was 3. of four members. Unfortunately, after graduation, some divisions 4. the breakup of the band, which turned out to be a failure. But he still kept 5. Adam.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他无论到哪里旅行,国内或是国外,总是参观博物馆,了解当地的历史和文化。
He always visits museums to learn about local history and culture , at home or abroad.
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ写作)我认为到我们对这种分组方式做一些改变的时候了。(time)
I think some changes to the grouping method.
3.据说杭州是一座美丽的现代化城市,拥有令人叹为观止的自然景观,其中西湖是著名的旅游景点。(it;介词+关系代词)
Hang Zhou is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights, the West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
4.在她夺得冠军之后,她迫不及待地把这份荣誉分享给了缺席的教练,脸上充满了喜悦。(wait;with复合结构;joy)
After she won the championship, she the honor with the absent coach, with .(读后续写—心理、神态描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Located to the south of the equator, Australia is often 1 (informal) referred to as “down under”,where I traveled to visit my friend.
When I arrived in Sydney, my first impression of Australia 2 (be) about food, and many typical Australian food originally came from the UK. However, the effect of Asian cultures led to the 3 (introduce) of bean curd and Asian herbs. When we arrived in Katherine, we learned about the Aborigines, whose population might be small 4 its influence is still visible. The Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. Because of that, most of their 5 (music) instruments are sticks 6 (find) only on the ground, among 7 the didgeridoo is most amazing.
Being here for a while, I enjoyed my time completely. What is the most impressive is the complicated mix of peoples and 8 (culture). Western culture has mainly affected the Australian culture, while minority cultures have also played 9 role in shaping the unique Australian culture. Personally speaking, I like it when Australian people have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude 10 life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024甘肃天水期中)
Following the Zibo barbecue and the ice city Harbin, Chinese social media has once again showcased its influence on highlighting the next Internet-famous city worthy 1 exploration.
This time it's Tianshui, 2 low-key city in Northwest China's Gansu Province, that has been in the spotlight. It has attracted considerable attention online from food enthusiasts and social media influencers, appreciating the city's famous hotpot and its wealth of 3 (culture) attractions, including the Maijishan Grottoes.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, 4 literally means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portions of skewered(串) meat, 5 (vegetable), and handmade potato noodles in a pot of boiling thick soup, and is served with flavored chili oil(辣椒油).
On the Internet, vlogs show eager food enthusiasts 6 (line) the streets. Many of them traveled here from faraway cities 7 (taste) the delicious local food.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, 8 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, said that she was 9 (absolute) delighted to enjoy the local delicacy.
In mid-March, the average daily passenger flow at railway stations in Tianshui 10 (increase) by some 40 percent in a week compared to the same period last year.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024江苏省靖江高级中学期中)
Unique American Buildings
The country's full of awe-inspiring natural wonders, but those made by man are equally impressive. The architect behind a design and the creation's history or purpose are all elements that may prove particularly attractive. The following buildings are all good getaways and well worth visiting.
Bradbury Building
Los Angeles
Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893, the oldest and premier commercial building in L.A., you may say, “OK, it's a 19th-century relic.” Step inside and you will be surprised by the light-filled Victorian court, a wonder of open-cage elevators, marble stairs, and splendid iron barriers. Its architectural history is debatable—Sumner Hunt's designs seem to have been completed by George H. Wyman, who monitored the construction.
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Miami
Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, formerly Villa Vizcaya, is the one-time winter home of the businessman James Deering. On Biscayne Bay in the Coconut Grove neighborhood, the early-20th-century property features the Italian Renaissance(文艺复兴) gardens, native woodlands, and a complex of historic outbuildings. The property designed by Paul Chalfin is today operated by Miami-Dade County.
Rogers Building
Orlando
Now housing an art gallery, the 138-year-old Queen Anne-style structure, the one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in early 2018 by Ford Kiene. The restriction that it must remain an arts and culture center for at least 20 years ensures public access for the near future.
Griffith Observatory
Los Angeles
It's possible to see the stars at this destination that includes sweeping views of the city and the Hollywood sign, and that has a planetarium(天文馆) to boot. It's been a draw for its construction style since its opening in 1935, with a expansion worth $93 million completed in 2006.
1.Which of the following has the shortest history
A.The Bradbury Building. B.The Griffith Observatory.
C.The Rogers Building. D.The Vizcaya Museum and Gardens.
2.What can we learn about the Rogers Building
A.It used to be an art gallery. B.It was expanded in 1892.
C.It was once privately owned. D.It has been a culture center for 20 years.
3.In which column of a magazine can this text probably be read
A.Business. B.Travel. C.Science. D.Education.
B
(2023山西太原联考)
In valleys with thick plants, different-sized round and square buildings with faded yellow clay walls and wooden roofs, tulou, lie in mountainous villages in Longyan, Fujian Province. There are more than 23,000 tulou in Yongding, which became well-known after 46 were given World Heritage status by UNESCO in 2008. “The structures were awarded the title because they are exceptional examples of buildings of tradition and function, demonstrating a particular type of communal(共有的) living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of the human settlement,” UNESCO said.
The giant multi-storied tulou buildings were built with wood and mud walls. Constructed from the 15th to 20th centuries, these massive communal homes were sited based on feng shui principles, which claim to use energy forces to make individuals harmonize with their environment. Tulou buildings were also purposefully built amid tea, tobacco, rice plantations and abundant forests of pine and bamboo.
Throughout history, tulou residents have mostly been Hakkas—migrants from the north of China. Population pressures created conflict between the Hakkas and their neighbors, so they built their homes to double as defences. The buildings are mainly four or five stories high. The first floor serves as the kitchen, the second is used for grain storage and the upper floors act as living areas. The structures are mainly symmetrical(对称的), and their defensive features include ironclad gates, escape tunnels, narrow openings for weapons under the dark-tiled roofs, and a water well. For their defensive function, only rooms on the third floor and above have windows, which are very small. With sufficient food, the residents can survive in the event of a lengthy conflict.
Communal living is integral to these villages, where the closed wall design boosts social interaction. Residents gather in the courtyard for ceremonies such as ancestor worship and weddings. The Tulou building is such an extraordinary piece of architecture, living up to the title given by UNESCO.
4.What do we know about tulou
A.Over 23,000 tulou were given World Heritage status.
B.Among 23,000 tulou, only 46 became famous globally.
C.They're exceptional buildings of tradition and function.
D.They are the most outstanding human settlement.
5.What is most important for residents during a long period of conflict
A.Escape tunnels. B.Enough food. C.Small windows. D.Defensive weapons.
6.What is probably the author's attitude to the protection of tulou
A.Favorable. B.Unclear. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.
7.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.Tulou: in Harmony with Their Environment
B.Tulou: Different-Sized Round and Square Buildings
C.Tulou: Given World Heritage Status by UNESCO in 2008
D.Tulou: a Special Chinese Structure Combining Living and Defending
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.joint 2.barbecue 3.straightforward
Ⅱ.1.political 考查形容词。修饰名词work应用形容词,politics是名词,其形容词形式为political。故填political。句意:罗纳德·里根对政治工作的热爱使他成为美国的总统。
2.at 考查介词。feel at home意为“感到无拘无束/亲切自在”,是固定搭配。故填at。句意:尽管烹饪设备很简单,但它总是很美味,我对来自中国的食物感到亲切自在。
3.foundation 考查名词。lay a foundation for...意为“为……奠定基础”。句意:参加所有被提供的课程,专注于那些能为你现在的业务或下一份工作打下基础的技能。
4.to 考查介词。be native to意为“原产于,原生于”,是固定搭配,故填介词to。
5.Personally 考查副词。personally speaking意为“就我个人而言”。句首单词首字母大写,故填Personally。句意:就我个人而言,我相信实践是理解和了解世界最有效和最有益的方式。
6.Located 考查过去分词。be located in意为“位于……”,设空处位于句首,作状语,故填过去分词Located。句意:故宫,又称紫禁城,位于北京市中心,是一个值得游览的地方。
7.are convinced 考查谓语的时态及主谓一致。句意:ChatGPT引起了新的道德恐慌,因为许多老师、家长,甚至一些青少年都相信学生会使用这种工具作弊。 be convinced that...意为“深信/确信……”,根据语境可知,设空处指的是当前的情况,故应用一般现在时,as引导的原因状语从句的主语为复数意义,故填are convinced。
8.referred 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语,故设空处应使用非谓语动词。refer to...as...意为“把……称为……”,分析语境可知这里指refer to the National Aquatics Center as the “Water Cube”, The National Aquatics Center和refer to之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。句意:国家游泳中心,也被称为“水立方”,已被改造成2022年北京冬奥会使用的“冰立方”。
Ⅲ.1.majored in 2.played an important part in 3.made up 4.led to 5.in close contact with
Ⅳ.1.wherever he travels 2.it is about/high time that we made 3.It is said that;among which 4.couldn't wait to share;her face filled with/full of joy
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.informally 考查副词。设空处修饰谓语is referred to,所以用副词作状语。故填informally。
2.was 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为and前的分句的谓语,结合When引导的时间状语从句可知,设空处应用一般过去时,主语为my first impression,故填was。
3.introduction 考查名词。此处构成“the+名词+of...”的结构。故填introduction,表示“引进,引入”,为不可数名词。
4.but 考查连词。空格前面说澳大利亚土著人口可能很少,后面说其影响仍然明显。故设空处前后为转折关系,应用表示转折意义的并列连词but。
5.musical 考查形容词。设空处需用形容词修饰名词instruments,故填musical。musical instruments意为“乐器”。
6.found 考查过去分词。设空处所在句中已有谓语,所以此处用非谓语动词,提示词find与名词sticks(枝条)之间是被动关系,所以用其过去分词形式作后置定语,修饰sticks。故填found。
7.which 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知,逗号后没有连词,空前有介词among,表示“在这些乐器中,迪吉里杜管非常令人惊叹”,所以“among 7 ”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,应用关系代词which。
8.cultures 考查名词复数。 根据下文的Western culture 和minority cultures可知,这里应用名词的复数形式表示多种文化。故填cultures。
9.a 考查冠词。 play a role in...意为“扮演角色;起作用”。故填a。
10.towards/to 考查介词。根据设空处前面的attitude可以判断,此处用介词承接后面的名词life,表示 “对……的态度”,常用介词towards或to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了甘肃天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客。
1.of 考查介词。句意:继淄博烧烤和冰城哈尔滨之后,中国社交媒体再次显示出其捧红下一个值得探索的网络名城的影响力。“be worthy of+n.”意为 “值得……”。故填of。
2.a 考查冠词。句意:这一次是天水引起了人们的关注,它是中国西北部甘肃省一个低调的城市。这里泛指“一个低调的城市”,且low-key的发音以辅音音素开头,故应用不定冠词a。
3.cultural 考查形容词。句意:天水在网上引起了美食爱好者和社交媒体影响者的广泛关注,他们来品尝该市著名的火锅和欣赏包括麦积山石窟在内的丰富的文化景点。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词,cultural attractions 意为“文化景点”。故填cultural。
4.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,第一个和第二个逗号之间缺主语,结合语境可知所缺主语为逗号前面的Malatang,所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为Malatang,指物,故应用关系代词which。
5.vegetables 考查名词复数。结合生活常识可知此处指多种蔬菜,vegetable是可数名词,故用复数形式vegetables。
6.lining 考查现在分词。句意:在互联网上,视频博客显示,热切的美食爱好者在街头排队。句中已有谓语动词show,故设空处应用非谓语动词,enthusiasts与line(沿……形成行/排)在逻辑上是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填lining。
7.to taste 考查动词不定式。句意:他们中的许多人从遥远的城市赶到这里品尝当地的美食。此处应为动词不定式作目的状语,故填to taste。
8.located 考查过去分词。句意:29岁的董良燕来自中国东北黑龙江省大庆市,距离天水两千多千米,她说她非常高兴能享受到当地的美食。这里表示“位于某处”,应用be located...,根据句子结构可知这里应用过去分词located 作后置定语。 故填located。
9.absolutely 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词delighted,应用副词作状语。absolutely delighted意为“非常高兴”。故填absolutely。
10.increased 考查时态。句意:3月中旬,与去年同期相比,天水火车站的平均每日客流量在一周内增加了约40%。设空处为句子谓语,根据时间状语In mid-March可知,这里为过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填increased。
【高频词汇】 1.worthy adj.值得的,应得的
2.considerable adj.相当多的 3.enthusiast n.热衷者,爱好者 4.appreciate v.欣赏 5.eager adj.热切的
6.compared to与(某事物)相比
【熟词生义】 some adv.大约
【差距词汇】 1.low-key adj.低调的 2.the spotlight n.媒体和公众的注意
长难句
原句 Known as Tianshui Malatang, which literally means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portions of skewered meat, vegetables, and handmade potato noodles in a pot of boiling thick soup, and is served with flavored chili oil.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。“Known as Tianshui Malatang”是过去分词短语作状语;which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的先行词Malatang;the local dish is popular for...是主句,主句中第二个and连接并列谓语 “is popular”和 “is served”。
译文 这道当地菜被称为天水麻辣烫,字面意思是辣和烫,它因在一锅沸腾的浓汤中加入大份的串肉、蔬菜和手工土豆面而广受欢迎,并配有调味辣椒油。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物。
1.B 细节理解题。
The Bradbury Building built in 1893
The Vizcaya Museum and Gardens Built in 1916
The Rogers Building 138-year-old
The Griffith Observatory its opening in 1935
根据以上信息可知,The Griffith Observatory历史最短,故选B项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“was donated to the City of Orlando in early 2018 by Ford Kiene”可知此建筑在2018年初由Ford Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市,由此可推理出,它曾经归私人所有,故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“well worth visiting”以及后文对四座建筑物的具体介绍可推知,本文可能出自杂志的“旅游”栏目,故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.impressive adj.令人赞叹的
2.commercial adj.商业的,商务的 3.splendid adj.极佳的,非常好的;壮丽的 4.feature v.以……为特色
5.donate v.捐献 6.restriction n.限制规定 7.access n.(使用或见到的)机会 8.expansion n.扩大
【熟词生义】 1.complex n.建筑群 2.house v.是……的贮藏处/安置处 3.draw n.有吸引力的人或事物
【差距词汇】 1.awe-inspiring adj.令人惊叹的
2.to boot另外,而且
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的土楼,包括其建造特点、功能等。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中最后一句“联合国教科文组织表示:‘这些建筑获得这个称号是因为它们是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范,展示了一种特殊类型的集体生活和防御性组织,而且就它们与环境的和谐关系而言,它们是人类居住地的杰出典范。’”可知,土楼是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范。故选C。
5.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“有了充足的食物,居民可以在长期的冲突中生存下来。”可知,在长期的冲突中,对居民来说最重要的是足够的食物。故选B。
学科思维
本题的关键在于针对设题中的“during a long period of conflict”在文章中找到对应的信息。文中没有出现完全相同的表达,而是在倒数第二段最后一句中出现了一个近义表达“in the event of a lengthy conflict”,如果学生能猜出lengthy的大概意思,就找到了这个题的线索。在英语阅读题目线索的寻找过程中,对于一些派生词意思的理解至关重要,如本题中的lengthy我们可能见的不多,但是与它形近的length却是高中阶段见的比较多的单词,这两个词在意思上肯定有相似之处,length可以表示时间的长短,lengthy也就可以用来形容时间之长。学生在阅读时要注意用类似方法去猜测词义。
6.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“土楼是如此非凡的建筑作品,无愧于联合国教科文组织授予的称号。”可推知,作者对土楼保护的态度可能是支持的。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。文章第一段主要介绍了联合国教科文组织对土楼的评价;第二段介绍了土楼建造使用的材料和遵循风水的建造原则;第三段主要介绍了土楼的结构和防御功能;最后一段介绍了土楼促进社交,方便居民生活。结合四个选项(A.土楼:与环境协调;B.土楼:不同大小的圆的和方的建筑;C.土楼:在2008年被联合国教科文组织给予世界遗产地位;D.土楼:中国独特的居住与防御相结合的建筑)可知,D选项最符合文章主旨。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.status n.地位;身份 2.demonstrate vt.展示;证明;表现 3.in terms of在……方面;就……而言 4.massive adj.大规模的 5.claim v.宣称,声称
6.individual n.个人 7.abundant adj.大量的;充裕的
8.boost vt.促进 9.live up to符合;不辜负
【差距词汇】 1.amid prep.在……中,四周是
2.plantation n.种植园 3.double as兼作 4.in the event of 倘若,万一,如果……发生
长难句
原句 “The structures were awarded the title because they are exceptional examples of buildings of tradition and function, demonstrating a particular type of communal living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of the human settlement,” UNESCO said.
分析 本句中because引导原因状语从句。“demonstrating...organization”为现在分词短语作状语。两个逗号之间的and连接are后面两个并列的表语exceptional examples和an outstanding example。in terms of短语为插入语。
译文 联合国教科文组织表示:“这些建筑获得这个称号是因为它们是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范,展示了一种特殊类型的集体生活和防御组织,而且就它们与环境的和谐关系而言,它们是人类居住地的杰出典范。”
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.With our (共同的) efforts, we succeeded in finishing our work and got a big bonus.
2.2023 saw the popularity of the Zibo (烧烤), which was a must-try of the city.
3.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty (简单的) to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Ronald Reagan's love for (politics) work led him to become the President of the U.S.
2.Despite simple cooking equipment, it is always tasty and I feel home with food from China.
3.Take every course that's offered and focus on skills which can lay a (found) for your present business or next job.
4.This goldenrod, which is native Canada and America, gives a threat to the plants that grow around it.
5. (personal) speaking, I believe that practice is the most effective and beneficial way to understand and learn about the world.
6. (locate) in the heart of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, is a place worth visiting.
7.(2024江苏宿迁期中)ChatGPT has caused a new moral panic as many teachers, parents, and even some teens (convince)that students will use this tool to cheat.
8.The National Aquatics Center, also (refer) to as the “Water Cube”, had been transformed into the “Ice Cube” for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
Ⅲ.选词填空
make up;lead to;major in;in close contact with;play an important part in
Tom is musically gifted. Although he 1. physics when he was in college, music still 2. his life. He and his best friend Adam shared a common interest and formed a band, which was 3. of four members. Unfortunately, after graduation, some divisions 4. the breakup of the band, which turned out to be a failure. But he still kept 5. Adam.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他无论到哪里旅行,国内或是国外,总是参观博物馆,了解当地的历史和文化。
He always visits museums to learn about local history and culture , at home or abroad.
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ写作)我认为到我们对这种分组方式做一些改变的时候了。(time)
I think some changes to the grouping method.
3.据说杭州是一座美丽的现代化城市,拥有令人叹为观止的自然景观,其中西湖是著名的旅游景点。(it;介词+关系代词)
Hang Zhou is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights, the West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
4.在她夺得冠军之后,她迫不及待地把这份荣誉分享给了缺席的教练,脸上充满了喜悦。(wait;with复合结构;joy)
After she won the championship, she the honor with the absent coach, with .(读后续写—心理、神态描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Located to the south of the equator, Australia is often 1 (informal) referred to as “down under”,where I traveled to visit my friend.
When I arrived in Sydney, my first impression of Australia 2 (be) about food, and many typical Australian food originally came from the UK. However, the effect of Asian cultures led to the 3 (introduce) of bean curd and Asian herbs. When we arrived in Katherine, we learned about the Aborigines, whose population might be small 4 its influence is still visible. The Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. Because of that, most of their 5 (music) instruments are sticks 6 (find) only on the ground, among 7 the didgeridoo is most amazing.
Being here for a while, I enjoyed my time completely. What is the most impressive is the complicated mix of peoples and 8 (culture). Western culture has mainly affected the Australian culture, while minority cultures have also played 9 role in shaping the unique Australian culture. Personally speaking, I like it when Australian people have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude 10 life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024甘肃天水期中)
Following the Zibo barbecue and the ice city Harbin, Chinese social media has once again showcased its influence on highlighting the next Internet-famous city worthy 1 exploration.
This time it's Tianshui, 2 low-key city in Northwest China's Gansu Province, that has been in the spotlight. It has attracted considerable attention online from food enthusiasts and social media influencers, appreciating the city's famous hotpot and its wealth of 3 (culture) attractions, including the Maijishan Grottoes.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, 4 literally means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portions of skewered(串) meat, 5 (vegetable), and handmade potato noodles in a pot of boiling thick soup, and is served with flavored chili oil(辣椒油).
On the Internet, vlogs show eager food enthusiasts 6 (line) the streets. Many of them traveled here from faraway cities 7 (taste) the delicious local food.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, 8 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, said that she was 9 (absolute) delighted to enjoy the local delicacy.
In mid-March, the average daily passenger flow at railway stations in Tianshui 10 (increase) by some 40 percent in a week compared to the same period last year.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024江苏省靖江高级中学期中)
Unique American Buildings
The country's full of awe-inspiring natural wonders, but those made by man are equally impressive. The architect behind a design and the creation's history or purpose are all elements that may prove particularly attractive. The following buildings are all good getaways and well worth visiting.
Bradbury Building
Los Angeles
Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893, the oldest and premier commercial building in L.A., you may say, “OK, it's a 19th-century relic.” Step inside and you will be surprised by the light-filled Victorian court, a wonder of open-cage elevators, marble stairs, and splendid iron barriers. Its architectural history is debatable—Sumner Hunt's designs seem to have been completed by George H. Wyman, who monitored the construction.
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Miami
Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, formerly Villa Vizcaya, is the one-time winter home of the businessman James Deering. On Biscayne Bay in the Coconut Grove neighborhood, the early-20th-century property features the Italian Renaissance(文艺复兴) gardens, native woodlands, and a complex of historic outbuildings. The property designed by Paul Chalfin is today operated by Miami-Dade County.
Rogers Building
Orlando
Now housing an art gallery, the 138-year-old Queen Anne-style structure, the one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in early 2018 by Ford Kiene. The restriction that it must remain an arts and culture center for at least 20 years ensures public access for the near future.
Griffith Observatory
Los Angeles
It's possible to see the stars at this destination that includes sweeping views of the city and the Hollywood sign, and that has a planetarium(天文馆) to boot. It's been a draw for its construction style since its opening in 1935, with a expansion worth $93 million completed in 2006.
1.Which of the following has the shortest history
A.The Bradbury Building. B.The Griffith Observatory.
C.The Rogers Building. D.The Vizcaya Museum and Gardens.
2.What can we learn about the Rogers Building
A.It used to be an art gallery. B.It was expanded in 1892.
C.It was once privately owned. D.It has been a culture center for 20 years.
3.In which column of a magazine can this text probably be read
A.Business. B.Travel. C.Science. D.Education.
B
(2023山西太原联考)
In valleys with thick plants, different-sized round and square buildings with faded yellow clay walls and wooden roofs, tulou, lie in mountainous villages in Longyan, Fujian Province. There are more than 23,000 tulou in Yongding, which became well-known after 46 were given World Heritage status by UNESCO in 2008. “The structures were awarded the title because they are exceptional examples of buildings of tradition and function, demonstrating a particular type of communal(共有的) living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of the human settlement,” UNESCO said.
The giant multi-storied tulou buildings were built with wood and mud walls. Constructed from the 15th to 20th centuries, these massive communal homes were sited based on feng shui principles, which claim to use energy forces to make individuals harmonize with their environment. Tulou buildings were also purposefully built amid tea, tobacco, rice plantations and abundant forests of pine and bamboo.
Throughout history, tulou residents have mostly been Hakkas—migrants from the north of China. Population pressures created conflict between the Hakkas and their neighbors, so they built their homes to double as defences. The buildings are mainly four or five stories high. The first floor serves as the kitchen, the second is used for grain storage and the upper floors act as living areas. The structures are mainly symmetrical(对称的), and their defensive features include ironclad gates, escape tunnels, narrow openings for weapons under the dark-tiled roofs, and a water well. For their defensive function, only rooms on the third floor and above have windows, which are very small. With sufficient food, the residents can survive in the event of a lengthy conflict.
Communal living is integral to these villages, where the closed wall design boosts social interaction. Residents gather in the courtyard for ceremonies such as ancestor worship and weddings. The Tulou building is such an extraordinary piece of architecture, living up to the title given by UNESCO.
4.What do we know about tulou
A.Over 23,000 tulou were given World Heritage status.
B.Among 23,000 tulou, only 46 became famous globally.
C.They're exceptional buildings of tradition and function.
D.They are the most outstanding human settlement.
5.What is most important for residents during a long period of conflict
A.Escape tunnels. B.Enough food. C.Small windows. D.Defensive weapons.
6.What is probably the author's attitude to the protection of tulou
A.Favorable. B.Unclear. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.
7.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.Tulou: in Harmony with Their Environment
B.Tulou: Different-Sized Round and Square Buildings
C.Tulou: Given World Heritage Status by UNESCO in 2008
D.Tulou: a Special Chinese Structure Combining Living and Defending
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.joint 2.barbecue 3.straightforward
Ⅱ.1.political 考查形容词。修饰名词work应用形容词,politics是名词,其形容词形式为political。故填political。句意:罗纳德·里根对政治工作的热爱使他成为美国的总统。
2.at 考查介词。feel at home意为“感到无拘无束/亲切自在”,是固定搭配。故填at。句意:尽管烹饪设备很简单,但它总是很美味,我对来自中国的食物感到亲切自在。
3.foundation 考查名词。lay a foundation for...意为“为……奠定基础”。句意:参加所有被提供的课程,专注于那些能为你现在的业务或下一份工作打下基础的技能。
4.to 考查介词。be native to意为“原产于,原生于”,是固定搭配,故填介词to。
5.Personally 考查副词。personally speaking意为“就我个人而言”。句首单词首字母大写,故填Personally。句意:就我个人而言,我相信实践是理解和了解世界最有效和最有益的方式。
6.Located 考查过去分词。be located in意为“位于……”,设空处位于句首,作状语,故填过去分词Located。句意:故宫,又称紫禁城,位于北京市中心,是一个值得游览的地方。
7.are convinced 考查谓语的时态及主谓一致。句意:ChatGPT引起了新的道德恐慌,因为许多老师、家长,甚至一些青少年都相信学生会使用这种工具作弊。 be convinced that...意为“深信/确信……”,根据语境可知,设空处指的是当前的情况,故应用一般现在时,as引导的原因状语从句的主语为复数意义,故填are convinced。
8.referred 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语,故设空处应使用非谓语动词。refer to...as...意为“把……称为……”,分析语境可知这里指refer to the National Aquatics Center as the “Water Cube”, The National Aquatics Center和refer to之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。句意:国家游泳中心,也被称为“水立方”,已被改造成2022年北京冬奥会使用的“冰立方”。
Ⅲ.1.majored in 2.played an important part in 3.made up 4.led to 5.in close contact with
Ⅳ.1.wherever he travels 2.it is about/high time that we made 3.It is said that;among which 4.couldn't wait to share;her face filled with/full of joy
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.informally 考查副词。设空处修饰谓语is referred to,所以用副词作状语。故填informally。
2.was 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为and前的分句的谓语,结合When引导的时间状语从句可知,设空处应用一般过去时,主语为my first impression,故填was。
3.introduction 考查名词。此处构成“the+名词+of...”的结构。故填introduction,表示“引进,引入”,为不可数名词。
4.but 考查连词。空格前面说澳大利亚土著人口可能很少,后面说其影响仍然明显。故设空处前后为转折关系,应用表示转折意义的并列连词but。
5.musical 考查形容词。设空处需用形容词修饰名词instruments,故填musical。musical instruments意为“乐器”。
6.found 考查过去分词。设空处所在句中已有谓语,所以此处用非谓语动词,提示词find与名词sticks(枝条)之间是被动关系,所以用其过去分词形式作后置定语,修饰sticks。故填found。
7.which 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知,逗号后没有连词,空前有介词among,表示“在这些乐器中,迪吉里杜管非常令人惊叹”,所以“among 7 ”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,应用关系代词which。
8.cultures 考查名词复数。 根据下文的Western culture 和minority cultures可知,这里应用名词的复数形式表示多种文化。故填cultures。
9.a 考查冠词。 play a role in...意为“扮演角色;起作用”。故填a。
10.towards/to 考查介词。根据设空处前面的attitude可以判断,此处用介词承接后面的名词life,表示 “对……的态度”,常用介词towards或to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了甘肃天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客。
1.of 考查介词。句意:继淄博烧烤和冰城哈尔滨之后,中国社交媒体再次显示出其捧红下一个值得探索的网络名城的影响力。“be worthy of+n.”意为 “值得……”。故填of。
2.a 考查冠词。句意:这一次是天水引起了人们的关注,它是中国西北部甘肃省一个低调的城市。这里泛指“一个低调的城市”,且low-key的发音以辅音音素开头,故应用不定冠词a。
3.cultural 考查形容词。句意:天水在网上引起了美食爱好者和社交媒体影响者的广泛关注,他们来品尝该市著名的火锅和欣赏包括麦积山石窟在内的丰富的文化景点。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词,cultural attractions 意为“文化景点”。故填cultural。
4.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,第一个和第二个逗号之间缺主语,结合语境可知所缺主语为逗号前面的Malatang,所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为Malatang,指物,故应用关系代词which。
5.vegetables 考查名词复数。结合生活常识可知此处指多种蔬菜,vegetable是可数名词,故用复数形式vegetables。
6.lining 考查现在分词。句意:在互联网上,视频博客显示,热切的美食爱好者在街头排队。句中已有谓语动词show,故设空处应用非谓语动词,enthusiasts与line(沿……形成行/排)在逻辑上是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填lining。
7.to taste 考查动词不定式。句意:他们中的许多人从遥远的城市赶到这里品尝当地的美食。此处应为动词不定式作目的状语,故填to taste。
8.located 考查过去分词。句意:29岁的董良燕来自中国东北黑龙江省大庆市,距离天水两千多千米,她说她非常高兴能享受到当地的美食。这里表示“位于某处”,应用be located...,根据句子结构可知这里应用过去分词located 作后置定语。 故填located。
9.absolutely 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词delighted,应用副词作状语。absolutely delighted意为“非常高兴”。故填absolutely。
10.increased 考查时态。句意:3月中旬,与去年同期相比,天水火车站的平均每日客流量在一周内增加了约40%。设空处为句子谓语,根据时间状语In mid-March可知,这里为过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填increased。
【高频词汇】 1.worthy adj.值得的,应得的
2.considerable adj.相当多的 3.enthusiast n.热衷者,爱好者 4.appreciate v.欣赏 5.eager adj.热切的
6.compared to与(某事物)相比
【熟词生义】 some adv.大约
【差距词汇】 1.low-key adj.低调的 2.the spotlight n.媒体和公众的注意
长难句
原句 Known as Tianshui Malatang, which literally means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portions of skewered meat, vegetables, and handmade potato noodles in a pot of boiling thick soup, and is served with flavored chili oil.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。“Known as Tianshui Malatang”是过去分词短语作状语;which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的先行词Malatang;the local dish is popular for...是主句,主句中第二个and连接并列谓语 “is popular”和 “is served”。
译文 这道当地菜被称为天水麻辣烫,字面意思是辣和烫,它因在一锅沸腾的浓汤中加入大份的串肉、蔬菜和手工土豆面而广受欢迎,并配有调味辣椒油。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物。
1.B 细节理解题。
The Bradbury Building built in 1893
The Vizcaya Museum and Gardens Built in 1916
The Rogers Building 138-year-old
The Griffith Observatory its opening in 1935
根据以上信息可知,The Griffith Observatory历史最短,故选B项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“was donated to the City of Orlando in early 2018 by Ford Kiene”可知此建筑在2018年初由Ford Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市,由此可推理出,它曾经归私人所有,故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“well worth visiting”以及后文对四座建筑物的具体介绍可推知,本文可能出自杂志的“旅游”栏目,故选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.impressive adj.令人赞叹的
2.commercial adj.商业的,商务的 3.splendid adj.极佳的,非常好的;壮丽的 4.feature v.以……为特色
5.donate v.捐献 6.restriction n.限制规定 7.access n.(使用或见到的)机会 8.expansion n.扩大
【熟词生义】 1.complex n.建筑群 2.house v.是……的贮藏处/安置处 3.draw n.有吸引力的人或事物
【差距词汇】 1.awe-inspiring adj.令人惊叹的
2.to boot另外,而且
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的土楼,包括其建造特点、功能等。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中最后一句“联合国教科文组织表示:‘这些建筑获得这个称号是因为它们是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范,展示了一种特殊类型的集体生活和防御性组织,而且就它们与环境的和谐关系而言,它们是人类居住地的杰出典范。’”可知,土楼是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范。故选C。
5.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“有了充足的食物,居民可以在长期的冲突中生存下来。”可知,在长期的冲突中,对居民来说最重要的是足够的食物。故选B。
学科思维
本题的关键在于针对设题中的“during a long period of conflict”在文章中找到对应的信息。文中没有出现完全相同的表达,而是在倒数第二段最后一句中出现了一个近义表达“in the event of a lengthy conflict”,如果学生能猜出lengthy的大概意思,就找到了这个题的线索。在英语阅读题目线索的寻找过程中,对于一些派生词意思的理解至关重要,如本题中的lengthy我们可能见的不多,但是与它形近的length却是高中阶段见的比较多的单词,这两个词在意思上肯定有相似之处,length可以表示时间的长短,lengthy也就可以用来形容时间之长。学生在阅读时要注意用类似方法去猜测词义。
6.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“土楼是如此非凡的建筑作品,无愧于联合国教科文组织授予的称号。”可推知,作者对土楼保护的态度可能是支持的。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。文章第一段主要介绍了联合国教科文组织对土楼的评价;第二段介绍了土楼建造使用的材料和遵循风水的建造原则;第三段主要介绍了土楼的结构和防御功能;最后一段介绍了土楼促进社交,方便居民生活。结合四个选项(A.土楼:与环境协调;B.土楼:不同大小的圆的和方的建筑;C.土楼:在2008年被联合国教科文组织给予世界遗产地位;D.土楼:中国独特的居住与防御相结合的建筑)可知,D选项最符合文章主旨。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.status n.地位;身份 2.demonstrate vt.展示;证明;表现 3.in terms of在……方面;就……而言 4.massive adj.大规模的 5.claim v.宣称,声称
6.individual n.个人 7.abundant adj.大量的;充裕的
8.boost vt.促进 9.live up to符合;不辜负
【差距词汇】 1.amid prep.在……中,四周是
2.plantation n.种植园 3.double as兼作 4.in the event of 倘若,万一,如果……发生
长难句
原句 “The structures were awarded the title because they are exceptional examples of buildings of tradition and function, demonstrating a particular type of communal living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of the human settlement,” UNESCO said.
分析 本句中because引导原因状语从句。“demonstrating...organization”为现在分词短语作状语。两个逗号之间的and连接are后面两个并列的表语exceptional examples和an outstanding example。in terms of短语为插入语。
译文 联合国教科文组织表示:“这些建筑获得这个称号是因为它们是传统和功能建筑的杰出典范,展示了一种特殊类型的集体生活和防御组织,而且就它们与环境的和谐关系而言,它们是人类居住地的杰出典范。”
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