2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--UNIT 3 Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video time（含答案与解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册强化练习题--UNIT 3 Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video time（含答案与解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 387.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-12-27 15:48:20 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024山西太原期中)Studying (政治) increases the awareness of the global world.
2.He defeated several (对手) in the election, which was a big surprise to us.
3.We are entitled to free (税款), fees and handling charges.
4.To offer a Humble Apology(《负荆请罪》) is one of the classical historical (故事) in China.
Ⅱ.一词多义
A.n.途径,渠道 B.n.(电视)频道 C.n.水渠,水道
1.(2023北京)The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel.
2.In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important channel to display China's intangible cultural heritage.
3.(2024山东济宁一中月考)Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.My classmate has a twin sister, who is so similar to her that I often mix her up her sister.
2.He was naturally possessed a fine and original mind.
3.(2024江苏南菁高中调研)Planning helps me ensure that I'm not a passenger the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a destination that I choose.
4.Human exploration has led to many extraordinary new discoveries, and it has also led to the (exploit) of resources.
5.The troops had withdrawn the city, and their (withdraw) went on in secret.
6.It is not known why he turned into a cold-blooded (murder).
7.He (arrest) for drunk driving, resulting in being punished with cancellation of his driving license.
8.(2022新高考Ⅱ)It is never too late for people (start) taking exercise.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.说实话,随着人工智能的发展,与机器人聊天已不再是遥不可及的梦。(不定式短语作状语;动名词作主语)
, with the development of AI, is no longer an unattainable dream.
2.我们应该过低碳生活,以便能保护环境。(so that)
We should live a low-carbon life the environment.
3.足球是一项很受欢迎的运动,以至于世界杯期间人们都熬夜看球赛。(such...that...)
Football is people stay up late to watch football matches during the World Cup.
4.(2022全国甲写作)此外,大量的医疗资源来自海洋,包括有助于对抗癌症和心脏病的药物。(amount)
Also, come from the ocean, including medicines that help fight cancer and heart disease.
5.听到我的话,戴维颤抖着转向我,泪水夺眶而出,表达了他完成这次越野赛的坚定决心。(分词作状语)
, David turned to me trembling with tears spilling out of his eyes, to finish the cross-country race.(读后续写—动作、神态描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Below are two opinions on sea exploration:
Opinion One:More sea exploration means more pollution. It is very 1 (damage) to mine for resources, especially in the Arctic. Another problem worth mentioning is overfishing. Whales and dolphins 2 (hunt) for their meat or for so-called research. The sea is home 3 all life, not mankind's 4 (possess). It is more sensitive than we think, 5 we should try our best to protect it.
Opinion Two: 6 (understand) our planet, we must explore the oceans 7 take up most of it. Understanding more about the sea will help us manage 8 (it) resources better. In addition, 9 (access) the deep ocean may assist people in predicting terrible events. Meanwhile, there are 10 (probable) huge quantities of resources under the sea and ice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2023河南许昌期末)
Marine biology is the study of the ocean's plant and animal life. Marine life gives us food, medicine and other raw materials we need. The sea also supports tourism and provides us with an area of recreation.
1 (difference) forms of life live in various areas of the ocean. Some are limited to coastal and shelf areas, while others live in the open sea.
Coral reefs 2 (find) in the tropical areas of the world, but they can also exist in colder waters. Reefs are built by corals and other 3 (animal) that leave calcium on rocks. They are home to 4 vast variety of life forms. About half of the world's coral reefs, however, are 5 danger because of global warming and a rise in sea temperatures.
Although we do not know very much about 6 kind of life forms exist in ocean trenches(海沟), marine scientists have found a certain type of jellyfish(水母) in the Mariana Trench, the world's 7 (deep)ocean area. These parts of the ocean 8 (usual) have little or no sunlight and many organisms(生物) here have to produce light 9 (they).
Marine scientists also study how waves and currents affect organisms 10 (live) in the oceans.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024山东聊城期末)
Mobile Bay in Alabama is home to a strange and unique occurrence. During the summer months, hundreds of fish and crustaceans(甲壳纲动物) from the deep waters of the bay move to the shallow waters. The free seafood is so plentiful and easy to catch with nets or bare hands that locals gather to fill their buckets with it. This natural phenomenon has existed for centuries.
Sarah Van Winkle, a student at the Alabama School of Math and Science, is no stranger to the scene. Growing up there, the rich plants and animals never stop amazing her.
As the world's oceans face numerous issues such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction, she intended to figure out whether Mobile Bay was experiencing similar environmental threats in her most recent science project. Sarah studied the environment of Mobile Bay and she even extended the range of the research to the Mobile-Tensaw Delta, and the canals of a living district in Fairhope, Alabama. She analyzed key nutrients and metal levels in the ocean ecosystem.
Through the project, Sarah found that turbidity, an important indicator of water quality, increased sharply. This result showed clearly that the area is filled with tiny pieces of matter, making the water there quite opaque.
For the project, Sarah was chosen as one of this year's 24 Society for Science & the Public Community Innovation Award winners. “To me, this honor suggests that the ten months of late-night reading, weekend field trips, and after-school sessions in the laboratory have truly come to fruition and impacted lives,” Sarah noted.
“Our local ocean ecosystem is in danger of chemical pollution from a variety of sources,” Sarah explained in an interview. “The bay plays a vital role in our community and every local should value what the bay offers. It's our responsibility to work together to preserve it.”
1.What's the unusual scene in Mobile Bay in summer months
A.The water's becoming shallow and clear.
B.The worsening of the natural environment.
C.The flood of seafood into shallow waters.
D.The locals' growing interest in fishing with buckets.
2.What does the underlined word “opaque” mean in paragraph 4
A.Fresh. B.Cloudy. C.Clear. D.Shallow.
3.What can we learn from Sarah's winning an award
A.Hard work pays off. B.Time waits for no man.
C.Practice makes perfect. D.Failure is the mother of success.
4.What did Sarah mainly stress in the interview
A.The focus of her future work. B.Her concern for the local people.
C.The complexity of the local ocean system. D.Her expectation of protecting the bay.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2023重庆期末)
There has been a very serious decline in the number of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to exploit fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. 1
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive underwater. Research on five such species shows that their number has declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 2 Many species can well disappear if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasised by the fact that the decline happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. 3 The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in the average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry. The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding fish like sardines and herring. 4
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the influence on the marine environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. 5 Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain their livelihood and ensure food security.
A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B.Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C.Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D.This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E.Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
F.It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the number of many of the species caught.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2024广东四校联考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a shy 13-year-old boy that year, afraid to speak before people and poor at communicating with others. My parents were worried so they introduced a part-time job in a restaurant during the summer vacation to me, hoping it would make a difference to me. Although I hated it and didn't believe it would bring any change to me, I had to accept it. The part-time job fell on Monday of each week.
On the first Monday, I simply dared not look at people in the restaurant. And when I was speaking with them, my face turned red and my voice was low. On my way back home, I felt so bad. But when I reached home, my bad feelings disappeared. I found my parents had brought home a pet cat, which I had expected to get for a long period of time. The cat was so lovely.
However, one Thursday, he secretly ran out and disappeared. We looked for him everywhere for the whole day but found nothing. We lived in the city, close to a high-traffic road, and this cat didn't have “street smarts”. I guessed he would probably die and wouldn't be home again. And after three days of looking for the cat with no sign of him, I quite believed he wouldn't be home again. My parents told me, “A miracle(奇迹) may happen as long as you don't give up.” However, I quite doubted it.
On the morning of the following Monday, I left for work 45 minutes earlier and started walking to the bus stop a block away. While waiting for the bus there, I thought about the work and felt upset. It wouldn't be helpful to me and it was tiring! How much I wanted to quit the job and withdraw from the restaurant! And thinking of the cat, I felt even worse.
Since it was still early, I suddenly wanted to spare some time to look for the cat again though I had little hope. Meanwhile, I told myself, “If I still fail to find him this time, I won't look for him again.” Then, I decided to walk to the next bus stop to look for him around. Minutes later, suddenly, a dirty and weak cat sitting by a tree caught my eye.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
My eyes widened,and I was surprised to find it was just our cat.
Encouraged,I rushed to the bus stop and decided not to give up the part-time job.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing
Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.politics 2.opponents 3.tax(es) 4.tales
Ⅱ.1.B 句意:(参与者)可以实时参加课程,或在可以的时候通过IOC频道回看录播。
2.A 句意:总之,短视频平台正在成为展示中国非物质文化遗产的重要渠道。
3.C 句意:然后他们开凿了一条水道,穿过玉垒山,把多余的水排出去。
Ⅲ.1.with 考查介词。mix A up with B表示“把A和B弄混/弄错”。
2.of 考查介词。be possessed of意为“拥有”。
3.at 考查介词。句意:计划帮助我确保我不是一个受日历支配的乘客,而是朝着我选择的目的地行驶。at the mercy of...为固定搭配,意为“受制于……,任由……摆布”。故填介词at。
4.exploitation 考查名词。句意:人类的探索带来了许多非同寻常的新发现,也带来了资源的开发。由空前的the和空后的of可知,设空处用名词形式,故填exploitation,表示“开发,开采”。
5.from;withdrawal 考查介词和名词。句意:军队已经从城里撤退了,而且撤退是秘密进行的。withdraw from表示“从……撤退”,故第一空填from;第二空作主语,用名词形式withdrawal,意为“撤军;撤退”。
6.murderer 考查名词。句意:没有人知道他为什么变成了一个冷血杀手。设空处前为冠词和形容词,故设空处应填名词,表示“一个冷血杀手”,需将murder词尾加-er变为名词murderer,故填murderer。
易错归因
本题易错填murder,原因是murder以-er结尾,学生可能误认为其意思与人相关。但murder这个词要特殊记忆,该词表示“谋杀”,可为动词或名词,表示“杀人犯”要在其后面再加一个-er。
类比启发
与murder相似,以-er结尾但不表示人的常见单词还有:drawer 抽屉;cooker厨灶;airliner班机;typewriter打字机。还有一些以-er结尾的词既可以表示人也可以表示物,如printer 打印机,印刷工人;washer洗衣机,洗涤者。
7.was arrested/had been arrested 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他因醉酒驾车而被捕了,导致遭到吊销驾驶执照的处罚。根据后面作结果状语的现在分词可知,设空处表示的是发生在过去的事情,可以用一般过去时,也可以用过去完成时强调其动作发生在结果状语之前。提示词arrest与主语He(第三人称单数)是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was arrested或had been arrested。
8.to start 考查不定式作结果状语。句意:人们开始锻炼永远不会太迟。分析句子结构可知,设空处构成too...to do...结构,表示“太……而不能……”。故填不定式to start。
Ⅳ.1.To tell the truth;chatting with robots 2.so that we can protect 3.such a popular sport that 4.vast amounts of medical resources 5.Hearing my words;expressing his strong/firm determination
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.damaging 考查形容词。根据is和very可知,此处需要用形容词damaging作表语,意为“造成破坏的;有害的”。故填damaging。
2.are hunted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:鲸和海豚因为它们的肉或所谓的研究被捕杀。根据本文的语境可知用一般现在时,结合句意,主语Whales and dolphins(复数)和hunt之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are hunted。
3.to 考查介词。be home to为固定搭配,意为“是……的家园”。故填to。
4.possessions 考查名词复数。句意:海洋是所有生物的家园,不是人类的财产。根据前面的名词所有格可知这里应填名词,意为“财产”,possess的名词形式为possession,表示“财产”一般用复数形式。故填possessions。
5.so 考查并列连词。句意:它比我们所认为的更加脆弱,因此我们应该尽最大的努力保护它。根据句意可知,前后内容之间是因果关系,故用并列连词so。
6.To understand 考查不定式。句意:为了了解我们的地球,我们必须探索占了其大部分(面积)的海洋。此处应用不定式作目的状语,且置于句首,注意首字母大写,故填To understand。
7.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词oceans,将名词放入空后部分,意义完整,所以设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词oceans,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系词which或that。
8.its 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:更多地了解海洋将有助于我们更好地使用它的资源。提示词是it,后面是复数名词resources,结合句意可知,此处表示所属关系,所以用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
9.accessing 考查动名词作主语。句意:此外,进入深海可能会帮助人们预测可怕的事件。分析句子可知, “ 9 (access) the deep ocean”作句子的主语,且这里不是表示某次具体的动作,故用动名词表示抽象概念,故填accessing。
10.probably 考查副词。提示词为形容词,句子结构完整,所以设空处用副词作状语。故填probably。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对海洋的研究。
1.Different 考查形容词。该空修饰后面的名词forms(形式),故填形容词different,意为“不同的”。设空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Different。
2.are found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:珊瑚礁在世界的热带地区被发现,但它们也可以存在于较冷的水域。分析句子结构可知,该空是but前的分句的谓语。结合句意和下文中的can可知,本句讲的是一般事实,故用一般现在时。主语Coral reefs是复数,且与提示词find(发现)是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are found。
3.animals 考查名词复数。根据空前的other 可知,应用animal的复数形式。故填animals。
4.a 考查冠词。句意:它们是各种各样的生命形式的家园。固定短语a variety of 意为“多种多样的”,句中vast修饰variety,其发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
5.in 考查介词。句意:然而,由于全球变暖和海洋温度上升,世界上大约一半的珊瑚礁处于危险之中。固定短语in danger意为“处于危险中”。故填in。
6.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:虽然我们对海沟中存在什么样的生命形式并不十分了解,但海洋科学家在世界上最深的海洋区域马里亚纳海沟中发现了某种水母。分析句子结构可知,about后为宾语从句,设空处修饰后面的kind,故填连接代词what, what kind of意为“什么样的”。
7.deepest 考查形容词最高级。根据下一句中的“have little or no sunlight”推测此处应指世界上最深的海洋区域,应用形容词deep的最高级 deepest。
8.usually 考查副词。句意:海洋的这些部分通常很少有或没有阳光,这里的许多生物必须自己发光。设空处应用副词usually(通常)作状语,修饰have。故填usually。
9.themselves 考查反身代词。这里指在海沟中很多生物不得不自己发光,故填反身代词themselves,意为“它们自己”。
10.living 考查现在分词。句意:海洋科学家还研究波浪和水流如何影响生活在海洋中的生物。分析句子结构可知,study后为宾语从句,该从句谓语是affect,故空格处应为非谓语动词,提示词live与前面的名词organisms(生物)是主动关系,故填现在分词living作后置定语。
【高频词汇】 1.raw adj.未经加工的;自然状态的
2.coastal adj.近海的,沿海的 3.be home to是……的所在地 4.rise n.增加,提高
【差距词汇】 calcium n.钙
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚拉巴马州的萨拉·凡·温克尔因为保护海洋环境做出的努力得到认可,同时她呼吁人们共同保护莫比尔湾。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句和第二句可知莫比尔湾经常发生奇怪而独特的事情,夏季成百上千的鱼类和甲壳纲动物从海湾的深水区迁移到浅水区。题干中的unusual和原文中的strange and unique相对应,选项C中的The flood of与原文中的hundreds of相对应。故选C。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“turbidity, an important indicator of water quality, increased sharply(水质的重要指标混浊度急剧上升)”可知,莫比尔湾的水质发生了不好的变化,结合“the area is filled with tiny pieces of matter(这个地区充满了微小的物质)”可知,那里的水变得混浊。B项cloudy除了表示“多云的”,还可以表示“混浊的”,与画线词意思相近。故选B。
3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Sarah说的话“To me, this honor...come to fruition and impacted lives”可知,十个月的深夜阅读、周末实地考察和课后花在实验室的时间都取得了成果,也就是说努力总会有回报。故选A。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“every local should value what the bay offers. It's our responsibility to work together to preserve it”可知,萨拉在采访中主要强调了她对保护海湾的期望。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.unique adj.独特的 2.destruction n.破坏 3.figure out 弄清楚 4.threat n.威胁;构成威胁的人/事物 5.in danger of 处于……的危险之中 6.play a vital role in在……中扮演着至关重要的角色
7.responsibility n.责任
【差距词汇】 turbidity n.混浊度
长难句
原句 As the world's oceans face numerous issues such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction, she intended to figure out whether Mobile Bay was experiencing similar environmental threats in her most recent science project.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。As引导原因状语从句, she intended to...是主句,figure out 后为whether引导的宾语从句;in her most recent science project为状语。
译文 由于世界海洋面临污染、过度捕捞和栖息地破坏等众多问题,她打算在她最近的科学项目中弄清楚莫比尔湾是否正在经历类似的环境威胁。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度捕捞造成的严重影响。
1.G 细节句。上文提到,由于过度捕捞,浅水鱼的数量严重减少。人们仍然想吃鱼,所以渔业必须考虑其他来源,特别是大西洋深水区。G项“这导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下降。”承接上文,指出这么做带来的结果,符合逻辑。故选G。
2.D 细节句。 上文指出五种深海鱼的数量已经减少了87%到98%。D项“这就把它们归入了‘极危物种’的范畴。”承接上文,为上文带来的结果,符合文意。故选D。
3.C 细节句。 上文指出深海鱼类繁殖需要很长的时间,而且可以存活很多年,下文指出深海鱼体型减小,导致繁殖量下降。C项“不幸的是,它们的繁殖率很低。”与上下文都是在讲深海鱼的繁殖。故选C。
4.F 细节句。上文指出捕鱼者过度捕捞深海鱼类,好像它们繁殖得很快。F项“这就像杀死大象,好像它们的繁殖速度和兔子一样。”用类比的方式来说明渔业的从业者没有考虑到事实,过度捕捞深海鱼,故选F。
5.A 细节句。该段第一句指出过度捕捞带来的危害不仅局限于对海洋环境的影响,由此可知本段要讲海洋环境破坏以外的影响。第二句指出数百万人依靠渔业生活,对应后面谈到的“sustain their livelihood(维持他们的生计)”。A项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质。”对应后面谈到的“ensure food security(确保食品安全)”。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.decline n.& v.下降,减少 2.as a result of由于 3.conservation n.保护 4.trend n.趋势
5.emphasise v.强调;使突出 6.take...into account顾及,考虑到…… 7.make a living谋生 8.conserve v.保护
9.sustain v.维持;保持
【差距词汇】 1.can well很可能 2.offspring n.后代;幼崽 3.livelihood n.生活;生计
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 暑假 害羞,害怕 与人交流 讨厌餐馆的 工作,无奈 地接受 害怕,感到糟糕 看到父母带 回家的猫,坏 情绪消失 质疑父母的话 想到工作,心 里很烦;想到 猫丢了,心 里更烦了 发现猫后的吃惊 宠物猫失而 复得的兴奋 不再质疑 父母的话
地点 餐馆,车站
人物 作者,父母
动物 宠物猫
背景 父母让作者在暑假期间去餐馆工作,希望改变作者害羞的性格。
开端 作者感到在餐馆的经历很糟糕,但看到父母带给他的宠物猫,作者的不快消失了。
发展1 宠物猫走丢了,作者寻找了三天都未找到,于是打算放弃。父母告诉作者只要不放弃,就可能会有奇迹。
发展2 在去餐馆工作的路上,作者在等公交车时利用多余的时间试图最后再寻找一次宠物猫。几分钟后,作者在一棵树旁边发现了一只又脏又虚弱的猫。
Para. 1 我睁大了眼睛,惊讶地发现那正是我们家的猫。(段首句)
①作者见到猫后有何反应(动作描写) ②作者对父母告诉他的话的态度产生了什么转变
Para. 2 我受到了鼓舞,冲到公交车站,决定不放弃这份兼职工作。(段首句)
①作者的态度发生了怎样的改变 (心理描写)当天的工作情况有无改观 ②作者害羞和害怕与人交流的性格改变了吗 ③作者有何感悟
One possible version:
My eyes widened,and I was surprised to find it was just our cat. Excited, I walked right up to him. While I carried him in my arms, he pushed his dirty face towards mine. I wept for joy because I had found my cat. I turned around and took him to rush home. Seeing me carrying our cat, my mother was surprised. When I showed him to her, she said, “Just as I told you, a miracle may happen as long as you don't give up.” This time, I nodded and smiled.
Encouraged,I rushed to the bus stop and decided not to give up the part-time job. “Maybe it'll indeed change me if I stick to it,” I told myself while heading for the restaurant. Still feeling a little tired and afraid while I was working that day, I was better than before. And I continued doing the job. Eventually, I miraculously found I dared to look directly at the customers and communicate with them with a confident smile. My parents were happy about my changes. When my job ended that summer, I wrote a sentence in my journal:“Don't give up before a miracle happens.”
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024山西太原期中)Studying (政治) increases the awareness of the global world.
2.He defeated several (对手) in the election, which was a big surprise to us.
3.We are entitled to free (税款), fees and handling charges.
4.To offer a Humble Apology(《负荆请罪》) is one of the classical historical (故事) in China.
Ⅱ.一词多义
A.n.途径,渠道 B.n.(电视)频道 C.n.水渠,水道
1.(2023北京)The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel.
2.In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important channel to display China's intangible cultural heritage.
3.(2024山东济宁一中月考)Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.My classmate has a twin sister, who is so similar to her that I often mix her up her sister.
2.He was naturally possessed a fine and original mind.
3.(2024江苏南菁高中调研)Planning helps me ensure that I'm not a passenger the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a destination that I choose.
4.Human exploration has led to many extraordinary new discoveries, and it has also led to the (exploit) of resources.
5.The troops had withdrawn the city, and their (withdraw) went on in secret.
6.It is not known why he turned into a cold-blooded (murder).
7.He (arrest) for drunk driving, resulting in being punished with cancellation of his driving license.
8.(2022新高考Ⅱ)It is never too late for people (start) taking exercise.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.说实话,随着人工智能的发展,与机器人聊天已不再是遥不可及的梦。(不定式短语作状语;动名词作主语)
, with the development of AI, is no longer an unattainable dream.
2.我们应该过低碳生活,以便能保护环境。(so that)
We should live a low-carbon life the environment.
3.足球是一项很受欢迎的运动,以至于世界杯期间人们都熬夜看球赛。(such...that...)
Football is people stay up late to watch football matches during the World Cup.
4.(2022全国甲写作)此外,大量的医疗资源来自海洋,包括有助于对抗癌症和心脏病的药物。(amount)
Also, come from the ocean, including medicines that help fight cancer and heart disease.
5.听到我的话,戴维颤抖着转向我,泪水夺眶而出,表达了他完成这次越野赛的坚定决心。(分词作状语)
, David turned to me trembling with tears spilling out of his eyes, to finish the cross-country race.(读后续写—动作、神态描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Below are two opinions on sea exploration:
Opinion One:More sea exploration means more pollution. It is very 1 (damage) to mine for resources, especially in the Arctic. Another problem worth mentioning is overfishing. Whales and dolphins 2 (hunt) for their meat or for so-called research. The sea is home 3 all life, not mankind's 4 (possess). It is more sensitive than we think, 5 we should try our best to protect it.
Opinion Two: 6 (understand) our planet, we must explore the oceans 7 take up most of it. Understanding more about the sea will help us manage 8 (it) resources better. In addition, 9 (access) the deep ocean may assist people in predicting terrible events. Meanwhile, there are 10 (probable) huge quantities of resources under the sea and ice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2023河南许昌期末)
Marine biology is the study of the ocean's plant and animal life. Marine life gives us food, medicine and other raw materials we need. The sea also supports tourism and provides us with an area of recreation.
1 (difference) forms of life live in various areas of the ocean. Some are limited to coastal and shelf areas, while others live in the open sea.
Coral reefs 2 (find) in the tropical areas of the world, but they can also exist in colder waters. Reefs are built by corals and other 3 (animal) that leave calcium on rocks. They are home to 4 vast variety of life forms. About half of the world's coral reefs, however, are 5 danger because of global warming and a rise in sea temperatures.
Although we do not know very much about 6 kind of life forms exist in ocean trenches(海沟), marine scientists have found a certain type of jellyfish(水母) in the Mariana Trench, the world's 7 (deep)ocean area. These parts of the ocean 8 (usual) have little or no sunlight and many organisms(生物) here have to produce light 9 (they).
Marine scientists also study how waves and currents affect organisms 10 (live) in the oceans.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024山东聊城期末)
Mobile Bay in Alabama is home to a strange and unique occurrence. During the summer months, hundreds of fish and crustaceans(甲壳纲动物) from the deep waters of the bay move to the shallow waters. The free seafood is so plentiful and easy to catch with nets or bare hands that locals gather to fill their buckets with it. This natural phenomenon has existed for centuries.
Sarah Van Winkle, a student at the Alabama School of Math and Science, is no stranger to the scene. Growing up there, the rich plants and animals never stop amazing her.
As the world's oceans face numerous issues such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction, she intended to figure out whether Mobile Bay was experiencing similar environmental threats in her most recent science project. Sarah studied the environment of Mobile Bay and she even extended the range of the research to the Mobile-Tensaw Delta, and the canals of a living district in Fairhope, Alabama. She analyzed key nutrients and metal levels in the ocean ecosystem.
Through the project, Sarah found that turbidity, an important indicator of water quality, increased sharply. This result showed clearly that the area is filled with tiny pieces of matter, making the water there quite opaque.
For the project, Sarah was chosen as one of this year's 24 Society for Science & the Public Community Innovation Award winners. “To me, this honor suggests that the ten months of late-night reading, weekend field trips, and after-school sessions in the laboratory have truly come to fruition and impacted lives,” Sarah noted.
“Our local ocean ecosystem is in danger of chemical pollution from a variety of sources,” Sarah explained in an interview. “The bay plays a vital role in our community and every local should value what the bay offers. It's our responsibility to work together to preserve it.”
1.What's the unusual scene in Mobile Bay in summer months
A.The water's becoming shallow and clear.
B.The worsening of the natural environment.
C.The flood of seafood into shallow waters.
D.The locals' growing interest in fishing with buckets.
2.What does the underlined word “opaque” mean in paragraph 4
A.Fresh. B.Cloudy. C.Clear. D.Shallow.
3.What can we learn from Sarah's winning an award
A.Hard work pays off. B.Time waits for no man.
C.Practice makes perfect. D.Failure is the mother of success.
4.What did Sarah mainly stress in the interview
A.The focus of her future work. B.Her concern for the local people.
C.The complexity of the local ocean system. D.Her expectation of protecting the bay.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2023重庆期末)
There has been a very serious decline in the number of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to exploit fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. 1
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive underwater. Research on five such species shows that their number has declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 2 Many species can well disappear if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasised by the fact that the decline happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. 3 The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in the average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry. The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding fish like sardines and herring. 4
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the influence on the marine environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. 5 Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain their livelihood and ensure food security.
A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B.Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C.Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D.This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E.Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
F.It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the number of many of the species caught.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2024广东四校联考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a shy 13-year-old boy that year, afraid to speak before people and poor at communicating with others. My parents were worried so they introduced a part-time job in a restaurant during the summer vacation to me, hoping it would make a difference to me. Although I hated it and didn't believe it would bring any change to me, I had to accept it. The part-time job fell on Monday of each week.
On the first Monday, I simply dared not look at people in the restaurant. And when I was speaking with them, my face turned red and my voice was low. On my way back home, I felt so bad. But when I reached home, my bad feelings disappeared. I found my parents had brought home a pet cat, which I had expected to get for a long period of time. The cat was so lovely.
However, one Thursday, he secretly ran out and disappeared. We looked for him everywhere for the whole day but found nothing. We lived in the city, close to a high-traffic road, and this cat didn't have “street smarts”. I guessed he would probably die and wouldn't be home again. And after three days of looking for the cat with no sign of him, I quite believed he wouldn't be home again. My parents told me, “A miracle(奇迹) may happen as long as you don't give up.” However, I quite doubted it.
On the morning of the following Monday, I left for work 45 minutes earlier and started walking to the bus stop a block away. While waiting for the bus there, I thought about the work and felt upset. It wouldn't be helpful to me and it was tiring! How much I wanted to quit the job and withdraw from the restaurant! And thinking of the cat, I felt even worse.
Since it was still early, I suddenly wanted to spare some time to look for the cat again though I had little hope. Meanwhile, I told myself, “If I still fail to find him this time, I won't look for him again.” Then, I decided to walk to the next bus stop to look for him around. Minutes later, suddenly, a dirty and weak cat sitting by a tree caught my eye.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
My eyes widened,and I was surprised to find it was just our cat.
Encouraged,I rushed to the bus stop and decided not to give up the part-time job.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing
Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.politics 2.opponents 3.tax(es) 4.tales
Ⅱ.1.B 句意:(参与者)可以实时参加课程,或在可以的时候通过IOC频道回看录播。
2.A 句意:总之,短视频平台正在成为展示中国非物质文化遗产的重要渠道。
3.C 句意:然后他们开凿了一条水道,穿过玉垒山,把多余的水排出去。
Ⅲ.1.with 考查介词。mix A up with B表示“把A和B弄混/弄错”。
2.of 考查介词。be possessed of意为“拥有”。
3.at 考查介词。句意:计划帮助我确保我不是一个受日历支配的乘客,而是朝着我选择的目的地行驶。at the mercy of...为固定搭配,意为“受制于……,任由……摆布”。故填介词at。
4.exploitation 考查名词。句意:人类的探索带来了许多非同寻常的新发现,也带来了资源的开发。由空前的the和空后的of可知,设空处用名词形式,故填exploitation,表示“开发,开采”。
5.from;withdrawal 考查介词和名词。句意:军队已经从城里撤退了,而且撤退是秘密进行的。withdraw from表示“从……撤退”,故第一空填from;第二空作主语,用名词形式withdrawal,意为“撤军;撤退”。
6.murderer 考查名词。句意:没有人知道他为什么变成了一个冷血杀手。设空处前为冠词和形容词,故设空处应填名词,表示“一个冷血杀手”,需将murder词尾加-er变为名词murderer,故填murderer。
易错归因
本题易错填murder,原因是murder以-er结尾,学生可能误认为其意思与人相关。但murder这个词要特殊记忆,该词表示“谋杀”,可为动词或名词,表示“杀人犯”要在其后面再加一个-er。
类比启发
与murder相似,以-er结尾但不表示人的常见单词还有:drawer 抽屉;cooker厨灶;airliner班机;typewriter打字机。还有一些以-er结尾的词既可以表示人也可以表示物,如printer 打印机,印刷工人;washer洗衣机,洗涤者。
7.was arrested/had been arrested 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他因醉酒驾车而被捕了,导致遭到吊销驾驶执照的处罚。根据后面作结果状语的现在分词可知,设空处表示的是发生在过去的事情,可以用一般过去时,也可以用过去完成时强调其动作发生在结果状语之前。提示词arrest与主语He(第三人称单数)是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was arrested或had been arrested。
8.to start 考查不定式作结果状语。句意:人们开始锻炼永远不会太迟。分析句子结构可知,设空处构成too...to do...结构,表示“太……而不能……”。故填不定式to start。
Ⅳ.1.To tell the truth;chatting with robots 2.so that we can protect 3.such a popular sport that 4.vast amounts of medical resources 5.Hearing my words;expressing his strong/firm determination
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.damaging 考查形容词。根据is和very可知,此处需要用形容词damaging作表语,意为“造成破坏的;有害的”。故填damaging。
2.are hunted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:鲸和海豚因为它们的肉或所谓的研究被捕杀。根据本文的语境可知用一般现在时,结合句意,主语Whales and dolphins(复数)和hunt之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are hunted。
3.to 考查介词。be home to为固定搭配,意为“是……的家园”。故填to。
4.possessions 考查名词复数。句意:海洋是所有生物的家园,不是人类的财产。根据前面的名词所有格可知这里应填名词,意为“财产”,possess的名词形式为possession,表示“财产”一般用复数形式。故填possessions。
5.so 考查并列连词。句意:它比我们所认为的更加脆弱,因此我们应该尽最大的努力保护它。根据句意可知,前后内容之间是因果关系,故用并列连词so。
6.To understand 考查不定式。句意:为了了解我们的地球,我们必须探索占了其大部分(面积)的海洋。此处应用不定式作目的状语,且置于句首,注意首字母大写,故填To understand。
7.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词oceans,将名词放入空后部分,意义完整,所以设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词oceans,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系词which或that。
8.its 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:更多地了解海洋将有助于我们更好地使用它的资源。提示词是it,后面是复数名词resources,结合句意可知,此处表示所属关系,所以用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
9.accessing 考查动名词作主语。句意:此外,进入深海可能会帮助人们预测可怕的事件。分析句子可知, “ 9 (access) the deep ocean”作句子的主语,且这里不是表示某次具体的动作,故用动名词表示抽象概念,故填accessing。
10.probably 考查副词。提示词为形容词,句子结构完整,所以设空处用副词作状语。故填probably。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对海洋的研究。
1.Different 考查形容词。该空修饰后面的名词forms(形式),故填形容词different,意为“不同的”。设空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Different。
2.are found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:珊瑚礁在世界的热带地区被发现,但它们也可以存在于较冷的水域。分析句子结构可知,该空是but前的分句的谓语。结合句意和下文中的can可知,本句讲的是一般事实,故用一般现在时。主语Coral reefs是复数,且与提示词find(发现)是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are found。
3.animals 考查名词复数。根据空前的other 可知,应用animal的复数形式。故填animals。
4.a 考查冠词。句意:它们是各种各样的生命形式的家园。固定短语a variety of 意为“多种多样的”,句中vast修饰variety,其发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
5.in 考查介词。句意:然而,由于全球变暖和海洋温度上升,世界上大约一半的珊瑚礁处于危险之中。固定短语in danger意为“处于危险中”。故填in。
6.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:虽然我们对海沟中存在什么样的生命形式并不十分了解,但海洋科学家在世界上最深的海洋区域马里亚纳海沟中发现了某种水母。分析句子结构可知,about后为宾语从句,设空处修饰后面的kind,故填连接代词what, what kind of意为“什么样的”。
7.deepest 考查形容词最高级。根据下一句中的“have little or no sunlight”推测此处应指世界上最深的海洋区域,应用形容词deep的最高级 deepest。
8.usually 考查副词。句意:海洋的这些部分通常很少有或没有阳光,这里的许多生物必须自己发光。设空处应用副词usually(通常)作状语,修饰have。故填usually。
9.themselves 考查反身代词。这里指在海沟中很多生物不得不自己发光,故填反身代词themselves,意为“它们自己”。
10.living 考查现在分词。句意:海洋科学家还研究波浪和水流如何影响生活在海洋中的生物。分析句子结构可知,study后为宾语从句,该从句谓语是affect,故空格处应为非谓语动词,提示词live与前面的名词organisms(生物)是主动关系,故填现在分词living作后置定语。
【高频词汇】 1.raw adj.未经加工的;自然状态的
2.coastal adj.近海的,沿海的 3.be home to是……的所在地 4.rise n.增加,提高
【差距词汇】 calcium n.钙
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚拉巴马州的萨拉·凡·温克尔因为保护海洋环境做出的努力得到认可,同时她呼吁人们共同保护莫比尔湾。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句和第二句可知莫比尔湾经常发生奇怪而独特的事情,夏季成百上千的鱼类和甲壳纲动物从海湾的深水区迁移到浅水区。题干中的unusual和原文中的strange and unique相对应,选项C中的The flood of与原文中的hundreds of相对应。故选C。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“turbidity, an important indicator of water quality, increased sharply(水质的重要指标混浊度急剧上升)”可知,莫比尔湾的水质发生了不好的变化,结合“the area is filled with tiny pieces of matter(这个地区充满了微小的物质)”可知,那里的水变得混浊。B项cloudy除了表示“多云的”,还可以表示“混浊的”,与画线词意思相近。故选B。
3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Sarah说的话“To me, this honor...come to fruition and impacted lives”可知,十个月的深夜阅读、周末实地考察和课后花在实验室的时间都取得了成果,也就是说努力总会有回报。故选A。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“every local should value what the bay offers. It's our responsibility to work together to preserve it”可知,萨拉在采访中主要强调了她对保护海湾的期望。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.unique adj.独特的 2.destruction n.破坏 3.figure out 弄清楚 4.threat n.威胁;构成威胁的人/事物 5.in danger of 处于……的危险之中 6.play a vital role in在……中扮演着至关重要的角色
7.responsibility n.责任
【差距词汇】 turbidity n.混浊度
长难句
原句 As the world's oceans face numerous issues such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction, she intended to figure out whether Mobile Bay was experiencing similar environmental threats in her most recent science project.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。As引导原因状语从句, she intended to...是主句,figure out 后为whether引导的宾语从句;in her most recent science project为状语。
译文 由于世界海洋面临污染、过度捕捞和栖息地破坏等众多问题,她打算在她最近的科学项目中弄清楚莫比尔湾是否正在经历类似的环境威胁。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度捕捞造成的严重影响。
1.G 细节句。上文提到,由于过度捕捞,浅水鱼的数量严重减少。人们仍然想吃鱼,所以渔业必须考虑其他来源,特别是大西洋深水区。G项“这导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下降。”承接上文,指出这么做带来的结果,符合逻辑。故选G。
2.D 细节句。 上文指出五种深海鱼的数量已经减少了87%到98%。D项“这就把它们归入了‘极危物种’的范畴。”承接上文,为上文带来的结果,符合文意。故选D。
3.C 细节句。 上文指出深海鱼类繁殖需要很长的时间,而且可以存活很多年,下文指出深海鱼体型减小,导致繁殖量下降。C项“不幸的是,它们的繁殖率很低。”与上下文都是在讲深海鱼的繁殖。故选C。
4.F 细节句。上文指出捕鱼者过度捕捞深海鱼类,好像它们繁殖得很快。F项“这就像杀死大象,好像它们的繁殖速度和兔子一样。”用类比的方式来说明渔业的从业者没有考虑到事实,过度捕捞深海鱼,故选F。
5.A 细节句。该段第一句指出过度捕捞带来的危害不仅局限于对海洋环境的影响,由此可知本段要讲海洋环境破坏以外的影响。第二句指出数百万人依靠渔业生活,对应后面谈到的“sustain their livelihood(维持他们的生计)”。A项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质。”对应后面谈到的“ensure food security(确保食品安全)”。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.decline n.& v.下降,减少 2.as a result of由于 3.conservation n.保护 4.trend n.趋势
5.emphasise v.强调;使突出 6.take...into account顾及,考虑到…… 7.make a living谋生 8.conserve v.保护
9.sustain v.维持;保持
【差距词汇】 1.can well很可能 2.offspring n.后代;幼崽 3.livelihood n.生活;生计
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 暑假 害羞,害怕 与人交流 讨厌餐馆的 工作,无奈 地接受 害怕,感到糟糕 看到父母带 回家的猫,坏 情绪消失 质疑父母的话 想到工作,心 里很烦;想到 猫丢了,心 里更烦了 发现猫后的吃惊 宠物猫失而 复得的兴奋 不再质疑 父母的话
地点 餐馆,车站
人物 作者,父母
动物 宠物猫
背景 父母让作者在暑假期间去餐馆工作,希望改变作者害羞的性格。
开端 作者感到在餐馆的经历很糟糕,但看到父母带给他的宠物猫,作者的不快消失了。
发展1 宠物猫走丢了,作者寻找了三天都未找到,于是打算放弃。父母告诉作者只要不放弃,就可能会有奇迹。
发展2 在去餐馆工作的路上,作者在等公交车时利用多余的时间试图最后再寻找一次宠物猫。几分钟后,作者在一棵树旁边发现了一只又脏又虚弱的猫。
Para. 1 我睁大了眼睛,惊讶地发现那正是我们家的猫。(段首句)
①作者见到猫后有何反应(动作描写) ②作者对父母告诉他的话的态度产生了什么转变
Para. 2 我受到了鼓舞,冲到公交车站,决定不放弃这份兼职工作。(段首句)
①作者的态度发生了怎样的改变 (心理描写)当天的工作情况有无改观 ②作者害羞和害怕与人交流的性格改变了吗 ③作者有何感悟
One possible version:
My eyes widened,and I was surprised to find it was just our cat. Excited, I walked right up to him. While I carried him in my arms, he pushed his dirty face towards mine. I wept for joy because I had found my cat. I turned around and took him to rush home. Seeing me carrying our cat, my mother was surprised. When I showed him to her, she said, “Just as I told you, a miracle may happen as long as you don't give up.” This time, I nodded and smiled.
Encouraged,I rushed to the bus stop and decided not to give up the part-time job. “Maybe it'll indeed change me if I stick to it,” I told myself while heading for the restaurant. Still feeling a little tired and afraid while I was working that day, I was better than before. And I continued doing the job. Eventually, I miraculously found I dared to look directly at the customers and communicate with them with a confident smile. My parents were happy about my changes. When my job ended that summer, I wrote a sentence in my journal:“Don't give up before a miracle happens.”
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)