2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册期末考点讲解

译林版8A一月期末考试考点讲解
Teaching objectives 1.知识目标：学生能够掌握期末考试的重难点。 2.技能目标：学生能够掌握运用8AU1-8重难点知识解题 3.情感目标：学生能够学会将知识点和考点相结合
Key points, Difficult points 形容词、副词原级、比较级和最高级；反身代词；动词不定式；句子结构；过去进行时
词汇复习运用
考点1. 名词
【考点详解】
U1-4
U1
单词 含义 注意点
★secret 秘密 keep a secret保守秘密
joy 欢乐，高兴，乐趣
teenager （13-19岁的）青少年 单复数、所有格
magazine 杂志 复数
lie 谎言 单复数 tell a lie/tell lies
joke 玩笑
★voice 嗓音 区别：voice，noise，sound
singer 歌手 单复数、所有格
★sense 感觉；观念，意识 a sense of... ......感
★humor 幽默 a sense of humor 幽默感
personality 个性
★height 身高
★weight 体重
★competition 竞赛，比赛；竞争
test 测试，考查
swimmer 游泳者 单复数、所有格
plan 打算，计划
smile 微笑
U2
单词 含义 注意点
advertisement 广告 拼写
French 法语 France 法国
★language 语言 拼写
chess 象棋 大小写
lunchtime 午餐时间
physics 物理
美式和英式单词表达 对应单词的美式和英式拼写
U3
单词 含义 注意点
Australia 澳大利亚
top 顶部，（物体的）上面 on the top of...
★journey 旅行，旅程 拼写
interest 令人感兴趣的事（或人）；兴趣 place(s) of interest 景点
sights 名胜，风景
★culture 文化 cultural
Internet 网络 on the Internet
★climber 登山者，攀爬者 单复数、所有格
★final 决赛
★support 支持 with the support of/with one’s support
half-time 中场休息
★cost 费用，价钱 the cost of...
cheer 欢呼声，喝彩声
meaning 意思
ticket 票，入场券
★taste 味道，品味 形容词：tasty
U4
单词 含义 注意点
★instruction 指示 拼写、单复数
tool 工具
brush 刷子
glue 胶水
rope 绳子
scissors 剪刀
tape 磁带
★mistake 错误 make a mistake
shelf 架子 复数拼写shelves
★sentence 句子
tip 指示，指点
★example 例子 for example例如
cover 封面，盖子，罩
paint 颜料
★furniture 家具 拼写、不可数
U5-8
U5
单词 含义 注意点
wild 自然环境，野生状态 in the wild
dish 一道菜，盘，碟 wash dishes,
★pity 同情；遗憾，可惜 have/take pity on; What a pity!
dolphin 海豚 拼写
giant panda 大熊猫 拼写
squirrel 松鼠 拼写
zebra 斑马
bat 蝙蝠
bee 蜜蜂
wolf 狼 复数
★beginning 开始 in the beginning
★result 结果 as a result
★danger 危险 in danger
★action 行动；行为 take action
reserve (动植物）保护区 拼写
★law 法律，法规 make laws to...
stripe 条纹
quality 特性；才能
hunter 猎人
living 生存，生计 make a living
human 人 复数
shame 憾事，羞愧 What a shame!
illness 疾病
report 报告
tail 尾巴
insect 昆虫
daytime 白天
U6
单词 含义 注意点
birdwatching 观鸟
market 市场
hen 母鸡
crane 鹤
sparrow 麻雀
feather 羽毛
swan 天鹅
eagle 鹰
wing 翅膀
type 种类
★nature 大自然，自然界 词性转换
wetland （尤指为野生动物保存的湿地）
cover 庇护所
wildlife 野生动物
★stay 停留，逗留
cent 分，分币
★per cent 百分之......
U7
单词 含义 注意点
butterfly 蝴蝶 复数形式
shower 阵雨；阵雪 拼写
★memory 记忆，回忆 单复数
stream 小河，溪流 拼写
shade 阴凉处，树荫出 拼写
pile 堆
crop 庄稼，收成
★temperature 温度 拼写；复数
cloud 云 复数；形容词变形
fever 发烧
snowstorm 暴风雪
wind 凤 形容词变形
sunshine 阳光
★rest 其余的部分（人） 主谓一致
★degree 度数 复数
bit 一点，少量 a bit和a little一组区别
fog 雾 形容词变形
shine 光亮，光泽
snowball 雪球
fight 打仗（架）
land 陆地
snowman 雪人 复数
ice 冰
U8
单词 含义 注意点
★disaster 灾难 拼写
earthquake 地震
★accident 事故，意外的事 冠词使用，拼写
coach 长途汽车
flood 洪水，水灾
★village 村庄，乡村
lightning 闪电
storm 风暴，暴（风）雨
thunder 雷，雷声
shake 摇动，震动 拼写
bomb 炸弹
★fear 害怕，恐惧 in fear of
★direction 方向 in all directions
brick 砖，砖块
shaking 摇动，震动
★heart 心脏
★mind 头脑
dark 黑暗
shout 呼喊，喊叫声
daylight 日光
towel 毛巾，浴巾
rule 规则，建议
railway 铁路
burn 烧伤，烫伤，灼伤
daughter 女儿
granddaughter （外）孙女
son 儿子
grandson （外）孙子
★board 木板 on board
weekday 工作日（周一至周五的任何一天）
headache 头痛 拼写
toothache 牙痛 拼写
countryside 乡下，农村 拼写
housework 家务活
pancake 烙饼，薄饼
注意：名词类考点需要注意单复数、所有格及单词拼写！！
【例题讲解】
1．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）I guess these bags are their . Please keep them in your office. (妻子)
2．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末） are important, so we should read them carefully before we do something new. (指导，说明）
3．（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）There are four (season) in a year and I like summer best.
4．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）The (政府) takes some action to protect wild animals in the wild.
5．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）We should understand the (重要性) of the natural reserve.
6．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Simon has a good m . He can remember things well.
7．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Our Chinese teacher says a good b is half done.
8．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）A strong (地震) hit Japan in January 2024.
9．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）The government has made some (法律) to care about the left-behind kids.
10．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）The train (a long trip) from Hai’an to Guangzhou takes about five and a half hours.
11．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）Ding Zhaozhong won the Nobel Prize for (物理) in 1976.
12．（19-20八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）He arrived at the office early to set an (例子) to the others.
13．（21-22八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）—Nobody knows what will happen next.
—So we just hope for the best and prepare for the .
考点2. 动词
【考点详解】
U1-4
U1
单词 含义 注意点
care 关心，关注，在意 care about
make 成为，适合 make sb. do /adj.
★trust 信任
★fit 可容纳，装进
★knock 碰，撞，把......撞击成
★choose 选择，挑选 过去式chose
test 测试，考查
★plan 打算，计划 plan to do sth./planned
U2
单词 含义 注意点
★offer 主动提出，自愿给与 offer sb. sth./offer sth to sb
★end 结束
★win 赢得；赢，获胜 过去式won,现在分词winning，winner
★spend 花费（时间或金钱） spend...on sth/(in) doing sth.;四大“花费”
★finish 完成；结束 finish doing sth.
U3
单词 含义 注意点
★join 加入，参加
★shine 照耀，发光 过去式拼写shone
★arrive 到达 介词in和at的区别，三个“到达”的区别
★pull 拉；拖；移开 pull oneself up the rocks
★cheer 欢呼，喝彩 cheer up
★reach 到达 三个“到达”的区别
★keep 留着，不退还
U4
单词 含义 注意点
★repair 修补
★decorate 装饰
★fill 使充满 fill...with/be filled with.../be full of...
★advise 建议 advise...sb to do sth./ 名词：advice不可数
★attend 经常去，出席
cut 剪下，切下，割下 过去式：cut; cut out剪出
mix 混合
add 增加，补充
leave 使处于某种状态
tidy 收拾，整理 tidy up
★spell 拼写 spelling mistake 拼写错误
★stick 粘住，钉住 过去式stuck
complete 完成
U5-8
U5
单词 含义 注意点
die 死 区分：die, dead, dying, death
mean 意思是，意味着 n. meaning
face 面临，面对
live on 以食......为生
save 储存，节省
catch 捉住，捕获 caught 过去式
lose 失去，被......夺去；输掉 lost;get lost
kill 杀死
sell 卖，出售 sold
★act 行动；表演 action
★accept 接受，收受
move 活动，移动，搬迁
U6
单词 含义 注意点
★provide 提供 provide sb. with sth./provide sth. with sb.
lead 领导，带领 lead to
★prevent 防止，预防 prevent sb from doing
record 记录
count 计算（或清点）总数；数数
★describe 描述 describing
understand 理解，明白 understood
write down 写下，记下 wrote
★cover 覆盖，包含 be covered with
★introduce 介绍 introduction
U7
单词 含义 注意点
bet 打赌，敢说 过去式bet
harvest 收割，收获
★drop 下降，落下 过去式dropped
★rise 上升，升起 过去式rose; 和raise区分
kick 踢
★cough 咳嗽 拼写，过去式
★blow 吹 blew
★ring 给......打电话，响起铃声 rang
★cause 引起，使发生
★throw 扔，投，掷 threw
★scream 尖叫，惊呼
U8
单词 含义 注意点
★mop 用拖把擦干净 mop it up/ mopped
★crash 猛撞，碰撞
★shake 摇动，震动 过去式shook
beat （使）规律作响，作节奏运动 过去式beat
★calm （使）平静，（使）镇定 calm down
★break 损坏，打破 过去式broke
★clear 清除，清理
注意：动词类填空需要注意三单、时态、搭配！！
【例题讲解】
1．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The bushes and trees were in the wind. (blow)
2．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The rain away the signs of summer and brings nice and cool air. (wash)
3．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）After a heated discussion, they finally all the plans. (接受)
4．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）My brother always (建议) me to take a course in drawing.
5．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）I had a high fever and (咳嗽) a lot, so my mum took me to see the doctor.
6．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Our English teacher often asks us to (讨论) in small groups in class.
7．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）The newly-built teaching building will (give something to someone or something else) the students with a comfortable learning environment.
8．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）He broke his new iPhone XS Max by (落下) it.
9．（19-20八年级上·江苏苏州·期中）The fireman (拉) the driver away from the burning taxi several minutes ago.
10．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）—Can you the strange man
—Oh, he is short but strong with broad shoulders.
考点3. 形容词副词
【考点详解】
U1-4
U1
单词 含义 注意点
★thirsty 口渴的 比较级thirstier
★honest 诚实的 冠词使用an,反义词dishonest
★humorous 幽默的
★polite 有礼貌的 反义词impolite
★tidy 爱整洁的，整洁的 比较级tidier
true 确定的；的确 副词转换：truly
★generous 慷慨的，大方的 拼写
willing 乐意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth.
★bored 无聊的 区分：-ed类形容词和-ing类形容词
straight 笔直的 拼写
★worse/worst bad的比较级和最高级
social 社会的
smiling 微笑的，面带笑意的
handsome 英俊的
fat 胖的 fatter/est
hard-working 勤奋的，努力工作的
★patient 有耐心的 patiently, impatient
U2
单词 含义 注意点
★mixed 男女混合的，混合的
★foreign 外国的
★least 最少的 little-less-least; few-fewer-fewest
★further 较远 far的比较级和最高级、拼写
daily 每日的，日常的
weekly 每周的
quick 快的 副词quickly转换
U3
单词 含义 注意点
clear 晴朗的，清晰的 比较级形式clearer
finally 最后
main 主要的
★luckily 幸运的 各类词性的转换及反义词
free 免费的
helpless 无助的 语境
★useful/useless 有用的/无用的 , a useful book
cheerful 兴高采烈的
colorful 多彩的
U4
单词 含义 注意点
★crazy 着迷的，狂热的，发疯的 be crazy about; 比较级crazier
terrible 可怕的
already 已经
★correct 正确的 反义词incorrect
★finished 完成
★certain 确定的 反义词uncertain，副词certainly
★wrong 错误地 go wrong
U5-8
U5
单词 含义 注意点
wild 野生的 wild animals
free 自由的，不受束缚的 be free
★sadly 令人遗憾地，不幸地；伤心地 sad adj. sadness n.
★mainly 主要地，大部分 main
closed 关闭的 be closed/open
lost 迷路的，迷失的 get
thick 厚的；密的；浓的 thicker/est
sorry 难过的，遗憾的
★slowly 缓慢地 more/most slowly slow adj.
★otherwise 要不然，否则
U6
单词 含义 注意点
yummy 美味的，可口的
broad 宽的，宽大的
★rare 罕见的，稀有的
★perfect 极好的，完美的
round 周围，绕一整圈；转过来 all year round
★easily 容易地，不费力地
★moreover 此外
★clearly 清晰地 more clearly
★natural 自然的，天然的 nature n. 自然 natural adv. 自然地
U7
单词 含义 注意点
foggy 有雾的，多雾的 比较级
rainy 有雨的 比较级
snowy 有雪的
★awful 糟糕的，很坏的 冠词使用
around 大约
loud 大声的（地） 区分：loud,loudly,aloud
★sleepy 困倦的，瞌睡的 比较级：sleepier; 区分：asleep& sleepy
★shiny 光亮的，反光的
sudden 突然的 suddenly
deep 深的
frozen 结冰的
★exciting 激动人心的 区别：exciting&excited
★everywhere 到处
U8
单词 含义 注意点
slight 轻微的
★silent 寂静的 名词：silence keep silent, in silence
★nervous 紧张的 拼写
★trapped 困住的
★alive 活着的 区分living&alive
★safe 安全的 比较级：safer；名词：safety；副词：safely
★asleep 睡着的
★nearly 几乎，将近
behind 在后面
【例题讲解】
1．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Sometimes reading makes you understand better than reading out loud. (silent)
2．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）It’s a truth that you must give up something in order to get something. (nature)
3．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）One night of bad sleep or no sleep can make you feel an day the next day. (糟糕的)
4．（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）Max is (tall) than the other students in his school.
5．（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）This book is very (use). I can learn a lot from it.
6．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）The children’s (多彩的) clothes were from different countries.
7．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Last time, Sandy was (困住) on the island for four days.
8．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）I can’t see anything clearly because it’s f today.
9．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）I didn’t pass the driving test. This was an (terrible) thing for me.
10．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Giant pandas live (more than anything else) on a special kind of bamboo.
11．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）You’ve told me the truth. Thank you for being so with me.
12．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）The (突然的) heavy storm caused lots of traffic accidents.
13．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）This was not (确切地) what I wanted to hear.
14．（23-24八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）I turned around and saw a (微笑的) girl with long black hair.
考点4. 其他
【例题讲解】
1．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Mrs Smith was happy to see her son cleaning the bedroom by . (he)
2．（23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）If the temperature is in the , the temperature is between 30 and 39 degrees. (三十)
3．（21-22八年级上·江苏苏州·期中）—Nice to meet you. Let me introduce first. I’m John.
—Nice to meet you. I’m Sally.
4. （23-24八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）I saw some cakes on the plate, but now there is ________ left on it.
A．none B．something C．nothing D．no one
5. （23-24八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）________ birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.
A．Thousands of B．Thousand of C．Two thousands D．Two thousand of
6.（23-24八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Are you going to Shanghai Art Museum this Sunday
—Yes. ________ I ________ my brother is going there. We will start at 2 p. m.
A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Either; or
短语复习
【考点详解】
考点1. U1-4
keep a secret for sb为某人保守秘密 keep the secret to oneself把秘密藏在自己心里
care about 关心
have a good sense of humour/direction很有幽默感/方向感
make an excellent teacher成为一名优秀的老师
tell (sb) a lie/lies/a joke/jokes=tell a lie/lies/a joke/jokes (to sb)说谎/讲笑话
knock the books onto the ground把书本撞到地上
choose to do sth 选择做某 choose to be a social worker选择成为社会工作者
plan to do sth计划做某事 make a plan for为...所做的计划
what about some milk 想要一些牛奶吗？ what about sth/doing sth想要做某事
share sth with sb和某人分享某物
have problem with sth/have problem doing sth(做)某事有问题
what he says/said→his words 他所说的
What makes good friends 什么样的人适合做好朋友
one of the/one’s+最高级+复数名词 最...的...之一
give her seat on the bus to someone in need把她的座位让给有需要的人
have a good voice 有副好嗓音
say a bad word/bad words about sb说某人坏话
both...and... 既...又...，...和...
have/wear a smile on her face面带微笑
help sb with sth帮助某人某事
be patient/impatient with sb对某人有/没有耐心
at least至少 at most至多
look through浏览
keep (on) doing sth 继续做某事，重复做某事
finish/complete doing sth完成做某事
at lunchtime在午餐时间
far away from 远离（有具体距离不用far）
practise doing练习做某事
have an important match (with/against...) 有一场和...的重要比赛
borrow sth from... 向某人借 lend sth to sb=lend sb sth把某物借给某人
near the end of...临近...末尾 at the end of...在...末尾 in the end=finally=at last最后
discuss sth with sb=talk sth with sb和某人讨论某事
似乎：seem to do；seem+adj；It seems that+从句
listen carefully to my problems 认真倾听我的问题
end earlier than usual 结束的比平时早
have ... off 休假...
wear school uniforms穿校服
have an hour for my hobbies爱好上花一小时 have an hour of homework做一个小时的作业
choose subjects to study选择要学习的科目
go on a school trip去学校旅行
come on 加油；得了吧；赶快
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun(+doing) (做某事)玩的开心
take care 保重，当心 take care of=look after照顾、照料
can’t/couldn’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
get off...下车 get on...上车 (不适用“代词放中间”)
place of interest 名胜古迹
not believe one’s eyes 不相信自己的眼镜
on the Internet在网上
by oneself=on one’s own=alone独自
cheer sb up使某人振作 cheer for sb为某人欢呼/加油
as high as a real one和真的那个一样高
take a boat trip乘船旅行
sth weighs... =the weight of... is... 某物重...=某物的重量是...
invite sb to do/sp. 邀请某人做某事/去某地
a lot of traffic 交通拥挤
the main sights of the world 世界主要景点
the song and dance shows歌舞表演/秀
learn a lot about different cultures了解许多关于不同文化的知识
remember to do记得去做某事 remember doing记得做过某事
forget to do忘记做某事 forget doing忘记了做过某事
in the final of the basketball competition在篮球赛的决赛中
with one’s support/help= with the support/help of sb在某人支持/帮助下
a 20-minute period 20分钟的时间段
plan a day out 计划外出一天
read the instructions阅读说明(书)
had better (not) do sth最好(不要)做某事
a pair of scissors一把剪刀
stand for代表
instead of sth/doing 代替/而不是...
be crazy about sth/doing对...着迷
put in a brighter light安装一盏更亮的灯
put up a picture/the shelf张贴一幅画/搭建一个书架
make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误
fill...with...用...装满... be filled with满是...
paint the room blue把房间刷成蓝色 colour the roses red给玫瑰涂上红色
add...to... 把...加入...
not only...but also...不仅...而且...
one...the other... 一个...另一个... on the other side of the card在卡片另一面
for example例如（举例是句子，且是一个）
tidy up整理
keep it secret保密
go wrong出错
advise sb to do建议某人做某事 advise doing建议做某事
take a course in DIY上DIY课程
attend lessons上课
all over the floor 满地 all over the world全世界 all over the city全城
keep spelling the words wrong一直拼写错误
stop doing停止做某事 stop to do停下来做了一件事
be certain about... 确定
for example例如（举例是句子，且是一个）
tidy up整理
keep it secret保密
go wrong出错
advise sb to do建议某人做某事 advise doing建议做某事
take a course in DIY上DIY课程
all over the floor 满地 all over the world全世界 all over the city全城
keep spelling the words wrong一直拼写错误
attend lessons上课
stop doing停止做某事 stop to do停下来做了一件事
be certain about... 确定
考点2. U5-8
in the wild 在野外
no way 没门
have/take pity on sb 同情某人
die of/from 死于（of-内因，from 外因）
in fact事实上
be born 出生
in the beginning=at first起初，一开始 at the beginning of在...开始时
face sth面临/面对... =be faced with sth
live mainly on 主要以...为食
as a result结果，因此 as a result of由于...
in danger处于危险中 be dangerous to sb对某人有危险
take action right away 立刻采取行动
at birth 在出生时=when ... be born
be/get lost 迷路
the same..as 和...一样
It's a pity/shame... 很遗憾/可惜...
What a pity/shame多么遗憾
in the daytime在白天
call sb+称呼 称呼某人... 对称呼提问what
for the first time初次
bamboo forests 竹林
have no place to live 没有地方居住
don’t have food to eat 没有食物可吃
build panda reserves 建造熊猫保护区
make laws to protect pandas 制定法律来保护熊猫
for a short while 短短一会儿
hunt them for fun 猎取它们为了取乐
other parts of the body 身体其他部分
lose living areas 失去生存区域
I’m sorry to hear that 听到这个消息很伤心/抱歉。
move around 四周活动
sleep through the winter 睡过整个冬天
all year round 一整年
lead to (led-led) 导致
for a short stay短暂停留
cover...with...用...遮盖 be covered with 被覆盖
be covered in deep snow覆盖在深雪中
have more space for farms and buildings 有更多的空地给农场和建筑物
prevent/stop/keep sb from doing在组织某人做某事
record the changes in numbers记录数字的变化
the importance of... ...的重要性
protect sb from sth 保护某人免受某物的害
have/cover an area of... = is ... in size 占地...面积
home to... ...的家园
one of the world’s most important wetlands 世界上最重要的湿地之一
a perfect place to do 做某事的完美地方
take sth with/to sb 和某人谈话 (to-单向)
a pair of binoculars 一副望远镜
write down what you see 写下所见
make/let/have sb do get sb to do 让某人做某事
enjoy the natural world 享受自然世界
call sb on... 拨...打电话给某人 email sb at... 发送邮件给某人到...
bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 带给某个某物
with nothing on 什么都没穿
cough a lot 经常咳嗽
have a high fever 发高烧
the cause of ...的起因
What a perfect time to fly a kite!多么完美的放风筝时间啊！
among the flowers 在花丛中
hide from the April showers躲避四月阵雨
sweets memories of summer days夏日的甜美记忆
autumn leaves turn brown秋叶变黄
fall into piles落成堆
the temperature drops/rises 气温下降/上升
drop below zero 将至零度以下
drop to... 下降到 drop by... 下降了
be busy doing 忙于做某事
in the late morning 上午晚些时候
in the thirties 在三十多...
this time of year每年这个时候
blow hard 吹得很猛
mop up sth 拖洗，擦干净 mop it/them up
thousands of +复数 数千，成千上万
three thousand +复数 三千
three thousand of the +复数 期中三千
crash into the tree 撞到树上
hear about 听说
feel a slight shake 感到轻微震动
scream in fear 害怕地尖叫
be alive 活着的
pull myself through the dark在黑暗中缓慢移动
try one’s best to do 尽最大努力做某事
by accident 偶然
wash away冲走
catch fire着火(瞬间) be on fire（延续）
in all directions四面八方
come down下降、降落
not...at all 一点也不，根本不
calm down 平静下来
find one’s way out 找到出路
at last=finally=in the end 最后
break down 抛锚，奔溃
as...as possible=as...as sb can/could 尽可能...
have a headache/toothache头疼、牙疼
in the countryside 在乡村
because of the cold weather 由于天气不好
hear the noise of traffic 听到交通的噪音
cross the road=v+across the road 过马路
stay/keep away from 远离
share sth with sb 和某人共用/分享某物
fall over跌倒
clear the snow from the streets 清除街道上的积雪
语法复习
考点1. 形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级
【考点详解】
形容词和副词的比较级
（1）比较级的基本结构：比较级+ than
（2）标志词语 much, even, a little
（3）变化规律:
①直接+ er / est 例：fast, cheap, fresh, high, long, small等
②结尾以e结尾的短音节词+r/st 例：fine, nice, safe, late等
③以y结尾的短音节词去y+ier/iest 例：easy, busy, lazy, happy, pretty, healthy, early, heavy等
④辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写+er/est 例：slim, thin, big, hot, fat, sad（苗条瘦大热胖忧）
⑤长音节词前+more/most 例：famous, dangerous, friendly, frightened, tired, careful等
⑥不规则 例：good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worst
（好坏多少远） much/many more most little less least far farther farthest（强调距离，具体的）far further furthest（强调程度，抽象的）
（4）特殊形容词：既可直接+er/est，也可在前+more/most的词：clever, handsome, polite, simple, stupid
（5）常用用法： ① the +比较级, the + 比较级( 越…就越…) e. g The more, the better.
② 比较级+ and +比较级（越来越…）e. g The life today is better and better.
形容词和副词的最高级
（1）最高级的基本结构： the + 最高级
（2）最高级的标志词语：in（+地点/范围），of/among（+人）
（3）常用用法：
① 形物代+最高级 e.g my best friend
② the+序数词+最高级 e.g the second longest river
③ one of + 最高级 +n.(pl.)名词复数 e.g one of my best friends
同级比较：
基本结构：as adj./adv.(原形) as
否定形式：not as/so + adj./adv.原形 + as = 比较级 + than
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）9. —Do you know Liu Fei in the Birdwatching Society
—Sure. He is one of the __________ voices for saving rare birds.
A. luckiest B. shiniest C. widest D. loudest
（苏州市2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末）6. I have less free time than John, hut Nancy has more free time than John. Among the three of us, I have the ________ free time.
A. less B. least C. more D. most
考点2. 反身代词和祈使句
【考点详解】
反身代词：
enjoy oneself, take care of oneself, wash oneself, hurt oneself, dress oneself, teach oneself ,help oneself (to +食物)（自便/自取食物）, for oneself（亲自），by oneself=on one’s own=alone
祈使句：
1) 肯定结构
① Do型（以行为动词原形开头），如：Sit down! 坐下！ Stand up! 起立！
② Be型（以be开头）， 如：Be quiet! 安静！ Be careful！小心！
③ Let型（以let开头）
【注意】
①let’s是let us的简略式。
②表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please, 构成句式：Please …或 …, please. 以使语气更加缓和或客气。
2）否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加 Do not (Don’t)。
3）反义疑问句
例：
Have a rest, won’t you
Don’t run, will you
Let us go, will you
Let’s go, shall we
【注意】
1. 肯定祈使句的反义疑问句用 will you, 否定祈使句的反义疑问句用 won’t you;
2. Let’s 开头的祈使句的反义疑问句只能是 shall we。
【例题讲解】
1.（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）—Mum, what should I do now
— ________ the fruit into small pieces, please.
A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting D．Cuts
2. （23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）Surprisingly, Mary’s beautiful hair ________ below her knees and made ________ almost a coat for her.
A．reported; herself B．rose; her C．reached; itself D．received; it
考点3. 用should和had better提建议、情态动词may的用法
【考点详解】
情态动词had better、should、may的用法
给他人提建议时，可以用had better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事， had better的语气比should强一些。
【注意】
1）had better (常简略为’d better)，是固定词组，后必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 肯定句型：had better do sth. 否定句型：had better not do sth.
2）should 后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。should 的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。
3）may/might用法
may/might表示把握性不大的推测，意为“或许，可能”，可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测，常用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性低于may.
例 I might be a few minutes late.我可能会晚到几分钟。
may/might表示请求许可或征求对方的意见。给予许可时可用may,但不能用might.
例－May/Might I come in 我可以进来吗？
－Yes,you may.是的，你可以。不能用might
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）4. It is snowing heavily. For your safety, you __________ take the underground instead of riding bicycles to school.
A. had better not B. needn’t C. had better D. need
（苏州市2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末）2. —How about going to Suzhou Museum tomorrow
—I’d like to, but I ________ not be free.
A. would B. may C. must D. need
考点4. 动词不定式
【考点详解】
1.动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起
hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺
continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝
2.动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词：
tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
动词不定式作宾语补足语
可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。
如: I want you to sing a song for us.我想让你给我们唱首歌。
My father asked me to post a letter.我爸爸让我寄封信。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，有带to和不带to两种形式。如:
The teacher asked us to read English every day.老师叫我们每天读英语。
My mother made me clean my bedroom.我母亲让我打扫卧室。
常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask、tell、order、invite、get、allow、 wish、want、encourage、advise、warn、like、love、hate等。
如: The policeman told the boys not to swim in the river.
警察告诉男孩们别在这条河里游泳。
What do you want me to buy for you 你想让我为你买什么
常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:
感官动词hear、feel、see、watch、 notice等;
使役动词let、make和have。
如: I saw her open the door.我看见她开门的。
You can let the boy go first.你可以让那个男孩先走。
动词help后面的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。
如:She often helps me (to) do the housework.她常常帮我做家务。
We helped him (to) fix his bike.我们帮他修自行车。
动词不定式作目的状语
用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的。
如: He stopped to ask the way.他停下来问路。
He stayed at the school to clean the classroom.他留在学校打扫教室。
为了使表达更加清楚或对目的加以强调，还可以在动词前面用in order to。
如: She is running quickly in order to catch the first bus.为了赶上首班公交车，她正飞快地跑着。
I will sit in the front in order to hear more clearly.为了听得更清楚，我要坐在前面。
注意:由in order to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。
如:They started early in order to get there in time.为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。
In order to get there in time, they started early.
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）5. Hiding under the desk __________ yourself is important when there’s an earthquake.
A. to protect B. protect C. protected D. protecting
13．（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）Our teacher tells us (go) to bed early every day.
考点5. 动词及五种基本句型
【考点详解】
句子成分
1.主语：句子的主角，动作、行为发出者
2.谓语：主语发出的动作，一个简单句有且仅有一个谓语
3.宾语：动作的承受者
4.表语：主语身份（是什么）或者特征（怎么样）（跟在系动词后面。
系动词：be 感官系动词：look sound smell taste feel 保持系动词：keep stay remain 状态变化类：become get turn go
5.定语：修饰名词或代词
6.状语：说明动作何时何地如何发生，或说明形容词或副词程度
7.补语：主补+宾补---补充说明
句子五大基本句型
1.主谓宾：I picked up 1,000 yuan on the playground
2.主谓：I smiled.
3.主系表: I was surprised.
4.主谓宾宾补: Her words made me happy.
5.主谓双宾：I gave my headteacher the money.
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末）10. The sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.” is ________.
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V+IO+DO
D. S+V+DO+OC
考点6. 过去进行时
【考点详解】
1.定义
过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某个时间段正在发生的事情或进行的动作。
2.结构
was/were +现在分词
3.基本句式
①肯/否定句:主语+was/were(not) +动词-ing形式( +其他).
The girl was shopping when 1 saw her.我看见那个女孩的时候，她正在购物。
②-般疑问句: Was/Were +主语+动词-ing形式( +其他)
-Were you playing basketball then 那个时候你们在打篮球吗
Yes, we were. , we weren't.是的，我们在打。 /不，我们不在打。
4.用法
①过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。常用的时间状语为: this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
②过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语或从句等来表示。
When I saw him, he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候，他正在装饰他的房间。
③在复合句中，如果主从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时。
While he was watching TV, she was reading a newspaper.他在看电视时，她在读报纸。
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末）5. —It was Grandma’s call. Why didn’t you answer it
— Sorry, Dad. I ________ my bicycle in the garden.
A. am repairing B. was repairing C. repair D. repaired
15．（23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）When he (call) me yesterday, I was walking in the street.
短文选词/短文填空
【考点详解】
1. 常考点
一般考查5-10个单词的词汇运用能力，分别为动词（谓语时态和非谓语）、名词（单复数和名词所有格）、形容词、副词（形容词变副词；形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级）、数词（基数词、序数词、次数倍数表达）、介词、连词、代词等，有些题目根据文章给出符合文章的词性，不需要变形，但是有些题目只给出单词，需要依据文意变形，难度加大。
2. 解题步骤
第一步：解读方框或括号中所给单词的词义和词性；如只有首字母，搜索脑海中近期前四个单元所学的单词。
第二步：分析句子结构中所缺的成份，缩小填写的范围，进一步确定正确的词性变形；（第二、三步不要调换）
第三步：通过代入法、翻译法检查所填单词是否符合句意。
【例题讲解】
（昆太常张2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）六、选词填空（共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在答题卷标有题号的横线上,填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
because among join in prevent be
There are many wetlands in China and some et them have become important nature reserves. The Chinese
Yellow Sea Wetlands are 68 them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home to many different kinds of birds and animals.
The temperature in the wetlands 69 not too high or too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine too. The wetlands are really good places for wildlife. We protect wetlands 70 they can provide food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds.
Wetlands are important because they also 71 floods from happening. Luckily more and more people begin to know the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, we can invite many people 72 many activities to tell people more about wetlands around the world.
（昆太常张2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）七、短文填空（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,在答题卷标有题号的横线上,填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,每空只写一词。
Teeth are important. Strong, healthy teeth help you grow and speak 73 （clear）. They also help you look best. Here are some 74 （tip） for you to take care of your teeth.
1. Brush your teeth in the right way
Brush your teeth at least 75 （two） a day- after breakfast and before bedtime. If you can, brush after lunch or after sweet snacks, loo. Brush all of 76 （you） teeth, not just the front ones. Spend time 77 （ brush） teeth along the sides and back of your mouth.
Spend at least three minutes each time you brush. Play a song you like to help pass 78 time. Get a new toothbrush every three months. When you buy a toothbrush, be sure it 79 （have） soft bristles （毛）.
2. Learn how to Doss （用牙线洁牙） your teeth Flossing is a very important way to keep your teeth 80 （health）. Food may hide 81 two teeth. Flossing can help lake it out. You’ll need to floss your teeth at least once a day.
3. Have good eating habits
You need to be careful about 82 you eat and drink. Have less sugar or soda（苏打）, but more fruits and vegetables.
完形填空
【考点详解】
一、完型填空最常用的四种解题法　
1. 总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。
2. 弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。
3. 重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
4. 语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
二、解题思路
1. 通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。
2. 瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。
3. 反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。
4. 验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：(1)文章是否顺畅；(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词；(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。
三、解题步骤
1.做题前先花30-45秒预览文章，大致了解文章的体裁(记叙、议论或者……)、文章内容、几个段落、是否有小标题和项目符号(这个往往是该段的主题句)。
2.做题时，首句和小标题重点读，充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧(例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系，平行关系等)，注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。
3.完成题后，重读文章1-2遍，确保单词在该句语法、语义、语境都合适。
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将选项填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Once upon a time, in a small town, there was a little girl named Matilda. She was a brave and ___13___ child who loved to read books and learned new things quickly. It makes her different from other kids of her age.
Matilda’s parents didn’t really ___14___ her or her interests. They were too busy watching TV and eating junk food. They ___15___ read to her or took her to the park to play. Matilda felt ___16___.
One day, Matilda found ___17___ amazing. When she closed her eyes and whispered the words, she could ___18___ things with her mind! She started practising with small things like toys and ___19___. And then, she tried moving bigger ones like chairs and tables. Matilda was excited about her new power (能力).
Matilda learned to practise her newfound power and used it to play tricks on her family. ___20___ time went on, she learned how to use her power for good. She used it to help her classmates with ___21___ homework and treat sick animals. She spoke up for what was right and even stood ___22___ to fight against people who treated the class poorly like Miss Trunchbull. Her classmates were happy about it. They thanked Matilda for being their hero.
13. A. honest B. clever C. generous D. polite
14. A. hear about B. care about C. complain of D. dream of
15. A. always B. often C. sometimes D. never
16. A. happy B. nervous C. lonely D. cheerful
17. A. none B. anything C. nothing D. something
18. A. move B. learn C. see D. eat
19. A. beds B. TVs C. pencils D. bookshelves
20. A. As B. When C. After D. Before
21. A. her B. their C. its D. our
22. A. in B. on C. for D. up
阅读理解
【考点详解】
一、直接理解题
这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
　　（1）Which of the following statements is true ／ false
　　（2）Which of the following is（not）mentioned
　　（3）How many ／ How much ／ Where ／ How ／ What……
　　（4）What does the writer think about
　　（5）Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage
要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是读者在对材料有所了解的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻找答案，往往与略读综合使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
（1）略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
（2）按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example，first，second……预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
（3）将自己的精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形扫视，待找到含有相关细节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至找到答案。
二、语义理解题
在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的意思。此类问题考查学生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、词语或短句意义的能力。常见的题型有：直接对生词进行解释；对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意义作出准确判断；对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释；对文中一些代词的指代对象作出界定等。这种题型常见的设题方式如下：
（1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means______.
（2）The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
（4）What does the underlined word“…”refer to______.
（5）By … the writer means______.
在做此类题时，考生应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切不要望文生义或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有：
1）根据构词法猜测词义；
（2）根据上下文猜测词义；
（3）根据定义或解释猜测词义；
（4）根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义；
（5）根据生活常识猜测词义。
三、逻辑推理题
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题型常见的设题方式有：
（1）From the text，it can be inferred that______.
（2）The passage suggests that______.
（3）Which of the following best describes______.
（4）The writer’s attitude towards…is______.
（5）From the text，we learn that______.
这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
（1）根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。
（2）根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。
（3）根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。
（4）根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
四、归纳总结题
这种题型要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题（title）、主题（main idea）、结论（conclusion）、结局（end）等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中的内在信息。常见的设题方式有：
（1）The general idea of the passage is about______.
2）The main idea of the article is______.
（3）The main purpose of this selection is______.
4）The passage suggests that______.
5）Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage
具体解题时，应注意一些技巧：
（1）首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一句话往往会提供重要信息，可以帮助我们搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
（2）速读全文，整体理解短文大意，抓住关键词语，弄清文章的主旨。
（3）根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先将文后的选择题看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于对文章进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
（4）迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。通过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
【例题讲解】
（昆太常张2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）阅读理解
请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
NOTICE Would you like to be in the school play This year’s school art festival is coming. We will put on two plays on New Year’s Day. Teahouse is one of the most famous plays. Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is a very popular story. We need some actors and actresses. ◇Who can try out (参加选拔): All students in Grade Eight. ◇When to try out: 15: 30～17: 30, Dec. 9 ◇Where to try out: In the main hall. ◇What to bring: Nothing. We will prepare clothes, props (道具) and lines (台词). ◇How many students needed: Teahouse: 8 boys and 2 girls Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland: 5 boys and 3 girls Attention: A student can only play one role (角色). If you’d like to have a try, please call Mr. Chen at 13953447788 before 17: 30 on December 8th.
11. If Daniel is getting ready for trying out for a role, what should he do on December 9
A. Invite an actor. B. Bring his costumes.
C. Call Mr. Chen. D. Go to the main hall.
12. How many students will the two school plays need
A. 18. B. 16. C. 15. D. 10.
13. What’s the purpose (目的) of this notice
A. To celebrate the school art festival.
B. To tell the students about two famous plays.
C. To invite students to try out for the play roles.
D. To ask the students to read some interesting stories.
14. Where can you most probably read the passage
A. In a local newspaper. B. On a local TV station.
C. In an art magazine. D. On a school website.
B
Little Johnny was happy today. He was going to the market to buy things he liked with his father on New Year’s Eve.
In a shop at the market, Johnny, found many birds in a cage. They were hitting their beaks (喙) on the cage, trying to get out. Many of them were even hurt.
Johnny felt pity for those birds, so he asked the shopkeeper, “Why do you keep these birds in a cage It is not fair (公平) to take away their freedom.” The shopkeeper answered, “I don’t enjoy this at all, but I need money to support my family.”
Johnny turned to his father for help. “What about all those things you plan to buy ” asked hi father. Johnny thought for a while and told his father that the freedom of those birds was more important than any celebration.
“I can enjoy New Year’s Eve without gifts. I just hope these birds will have a better time in the sky,” Johnny said. His father smiled and gave the money to the shopkeeper. “You can set these birds free now.”
The shopkeeper handed over the cage to Johnny. The boy opened the cage door and took all the birds out.
“Now they will also enjoy New Year with their families and friends. I am thankful for this. This is the best New Year’s gift of all,” said Johnny.
15. Johnny went to the market to ________.
A. buy some gifts B. work in the shop
C. have a celebration D. visit the shopkeeper
16. Why did the birds hit their beaks on the cage
A. Because they were hungry. B. Because they wanted to be free.
C. Because they were dancing in the cage. D. Because they were having a celebration.
17. What is little Johnny like
A. Calm. B. Quiet. C. Careful. D. Kind.
18. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Best Gift
B. A Good Boy
C. The Caged Birds
D. A Bad shopkeeper
C
Do you find that you learn things faster than your parents You could be right!
Scientists in the USA have found that school-aged children learn new things and skills faster than grown-ups. This has something to do with a chemical (化学物质) called GABA in our brains (大脑). It makes brain noise less so that we can learn things more easily. It also makes new information stay longer in our heads.
The scientists studied the brains of children (8—11 years old) and adults (18—35 years old) before, during and after doing a learning task. The finding shows that when children learn new things, the amount (数量) of GABA increases (增加) quickly. But there’s little change in adults’ brains. This tells us why children are better learners than adults.
The scientists said the finding is useful. It tells teachers and parents to let children learn anything in their childhood, from riding a bike to playing an instrument (乐器). It could also help adults learn faster by increasing the amount of GABA in their brains.
19. Why do children learn faster than adults
A. Because children’s brains have more GABA than adults’.
B. Because teachers and parents help children learn faster.
C. Because GABA in children’s brains increases while learning.
D. Because there’s no change in adults’brains when they learn.
20. Which of the following about GABA is right
A. It helps children learn things in their childhood.
B. It makes information stay shorter in adults’ brains.
C. It makes brain noise to make learning more easily.
D. It is useless to help adults learn new things and skills.
21. What is the article mainly about
A. Why children learn faster than adults. B. What scientists are studying.
C. How scientists help children learn. D. What the chemical GABA is.
22. What can we learn from the passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Start learning as early as you can.
C. You are never too old to learn. D. Great hopes make a great man.
D
In a primary (小学) classroom in Kenya’s Rift Valley, a student is taking notes. She wears the same school uniform. However, there is one difference. Priscilla Sitienei is more than 80 years older than the other students.
Sitienei turned 99 years old on February 11, 2022. Back in 2003, the government of the East African (非洲的) country began helping to pay the cost of primary schooling. This has made it possible for some older members to go back to school. They missed out on schooling in their younger days because they were too poor.
Sitienei has become a star on the Internet. She said her dreams were far more practical (实际的) than becoming an Internet star. She wants to take up a new job. “I would like to become a doctor because I used to be a midwife (助产士), “she said.
She had the idea of being a student when her great-granddaughter dropped out of school. She said she went back to class to set a good example for her great-grandchildren. But her great-granddaughter didn’t go back to school, Sitienei decided to go to school herself.
“Everyone in the classroom is young. They gave me strange looks at first, “said Sitienei. But she didn’t care. She said she enjoyed school activities, including P. E. classes. “They help me stay healthy, “she said. “I get to jump around, even though not as much as they do, but I at least move my body. That makes me happy.”
23. What makes Priscilla Sitienei special in her class
A. Her grades. B. Her age. C. Her illness. D. Her clothes.
24. Why did Sitienei go back to school
A. To become more famous.
B. To stop getting old and weak.
C. To help teachers take good care of the students.
D. To be an example for one of her family members.
25. How did the students feel when they saw Sitienei in their classroom for the first time
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Surprised. D. Proud.
26. What does the underlined part “missed out” mean in Paragraph 2
A. 追忆 B. 享受 C. 错过 D. 加强
27. What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A. Sitienei is may the only senior student in her class.
B. Returning to school has given Sitienei everything.
C. Anyone can be famous like Sitienei if they work hard.
D. Few older students like Sitienei go to school in Kenya.
信息还原
【考点详解】
一、考情分析
信息还原又称七选五题，该题型分值为 5分，每空1分。短文型七选五，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中，段中略多。
题型主要考查：
学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。主要有：并列、转折、因果关系及其他关系(包括单词重复、代词指代、排比句式等)。
二、答题步骤
1. 通览全文、领会大意、揣摩话题。
解题时应先跳过空格通览全文，了解对话大意，根据对大意的把握，判定语境，揣摩话题。
2. 根据语境或句子，在把握话题和语境的基础上，针对对话的每一空白处，细读所提供的前后文，认真分析它们之间的异同，依据对话有关情景内容，填写相应的选项。
3. 通盘考虑、前后联想、先易后难。
要从整体理解对话出发，依照上、下文的逻辑顺序来考虑所选择的答案，不可不顾前后顺序，孤立地就上句补下句，这样可能出现所补句子符合上文而不符合下文的情况。要先解决有把握的、容易的，再回头补选较难的。
4. 通读对话、义形结合、验证答案。
将对话补全之后，再将整段对话通读一遍，逐一验证答案。所填的答案不仅语义上要符合语境，而且要保证语言正确，做到说话得体。
三、解题策略
1）从意思上判断
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。
2）从词汇上锁定线索
做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
3）从关联词上查找
由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。 在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具 有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。
根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略
如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。
(c)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2)如果问题在段尾
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。
(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）信息还原（共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分）
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将选项填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Several months ago, I noticed a new guitar in my friend Kevin’s room. He never showed any interest in music before. When I asked him about it, he said that he dreamt to try difficult and different things before turning eighteen. ___33___ To realize this dream, Kevin started practicing hard and spent two hours a day on the guitar. Finally, the show was such a success (成功) and Kevin felt full of joy after it.
After Kevin’s success, I was inspired (启发) to go for my dream of writing. I wasn’t sure how to start, but I remembered what my teacher said about writing skills. ___34___ Once I had a few ideas, I listed some key words on it. This helped me put my thoughts together and made it easier to start writing. I then wrote the first draft (草稿). There might be many mistakes in it. But I told myself not to give up. ___35___ They often provided great new ideas. Finally, I sent my article to the school magazine. I felt nervous and excited at the same time. A few days later, I received an email from school saying they decided to choose my article and it would come out soon. I was over the moon!
___36___ It was a great feeling to know that others would read my article and hopefully be inspired just like Kevin inspired me.
Never give up on your dreams and keep working towards them, just like Kevin did. ___37___ But remember, nothing is impossible in the world if you set your mind to do it.
A. It may take some practice and patience.
B. Finishing the first draft is a really good start.
C. Seeing my name in the magazine made me feel so happy.
D. So I sat down with a notebook and started to write.
E. And one of these things was to play the guitar in front of others.
F. Then I asked my teacher and friends to read it and give some advice.
阅读表达
【考点详解】
基本步骤
1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
注意事项
1. 答题有据，避免主观。
2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正确答案 ≠ 最佳答案
3. 解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己方法或，实践出真知，多练出效益。
解题方法
1. 顺序原则，注意使用。
在确定前一道题的答案以后，在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候，继续往下找，能有效控制答题时间，并提高正确率。
2. 答题之前，圈关键词（Key Words）。
A. 大写、数字、引号优先原则
B. 5Wh 疑问词必须圈划（who, what, when, why, where, how）
例如：
1. Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he
2. When did his parents realized that Jake was missing
3. What did Jake do to protect himself from the cold temperatures
4. How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
5. How long did it take Jake return to safety after he lost his ski
6. What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.
3. 注意时态一致，代词一致。
例如：（1）Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he （回答用一般过去时，代词用he）
When did his parents realized that Jake was missing （回答用一般过去时，代词用they）
What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.（回答用一般过去时，省略I think，代词用he）
（2）Did...mean 回答：It meant ...
4. Why 提问，回答格式2种：
A.. Because + 句子 B. ...... + to do...... (这里to do 表目的)
例如：
Why did Redmayne say that this Oscar belonged to all of those people around the world battling ALS
回答：Because he acted as Stephen Hawking in the film and Hawking was diagnosed with ALS.
Where和When 提问，介词in / on / at 等不能遗漏。
例1：
1. Where will the orphan bears be sent when they are old enough
回答：They will be taken to a nature reserve in Bryansk.
很多人只交代了“in Bryansk”，没有提到自然保护区。所以在回答的时要确保答句尽可能的完整。
例2：
When did his parents realized that Jake was missing
回答：When they got to the foot of the mountain.
注意：询问时间和地点，答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。
6. How 提问，用By doing…来回答
例：
How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
回答：By following some ski tracks.
也可以使用完整句式回答：He followed some ski tracks. / He found some ski tracks and followed those.
7. 反义和选择疑问句策略：圈划关键定位词
A.反义疑问句：
★如知道：Yes, they do. ★如不知：No, they don’t. 只有这两种回答方式！！！
例：
Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn’t he
回答：Yes, he did.
如果变换一下题目，改为：Jake didn’t lose one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, did he
答案依旧是：Yes, he did.
B.选择疑问句：
例：
Does a good detective need much knowledge or a good assistant
四种回答方式：I A good detective needs
Both / neither / much knowledge /a good assistant.
8. 开放问题，积极向上
规律：一般而言直接找一个积极向上的形容词回答，避免用good。
A.. What do you think of...
回答格式：I think (that) it is / they are+ adj.
可以是helpful, useful, wonderful, amazing, fantastic 等一些正方向评价词
注意：有时也有负方向评价词：比如：你对于sandstorm 的看法？
可以是I think it is serious / terrible / awful / dangerous.
B. What can you learn from Paul’s story
回答格式：I can learn from Paul’s story that +句子
C. 两个问题务必分两句回答
例：Do you think the problem of climate change is serious What should you do
回答格式：Yes, I do. I should plant more trees.
C. 给文章取名字
例：What might be the title of this passage (In no more than TEN words)
回答：Internet Addiction. / Learn to control Internet use.
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）阅读表达（共3题;70小题1分、71小题2分、72小题3分,满分6分）
阅读下面短文,用英语回答问题,并将答案写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
On October 10, 2022, the Xpeng X2, took its first public flight test in
Dubai. It just took 90 seconds, and 150 people watched it. The X2, a small
car with two seats, looks like a raindrop and runs on electricity （电）. It
can't drive in the street but can fly by itself and go up to 80 miles per hour.
It can also take off and land straight up and down, which is pretty cool!
After the X2, the car company introduced another flying car called the Xpeng X3. This one looks like a sports car with wings. When the X3 is in the street, it drives like a car we see every day. But when you want it to fly, you can also turn it into a flying car. Then, it takes off straight up.
Once it’s in the air, you can fly it like Xpeng X2.
Xpeng isn't the only company getting into the flying car game. There are over 500 companies working on making the dream of flying cars come true, and about 24 different models are being tried out. This means that flying cars could become a part of our future, changing the way we travel and see the world. Do you imagine flying into the sky in your own personal flying car That might not be too far away!
70. When did Xpeng X2 fly for the first time
_______________________________________________________________________________
71. What makes Xpeng X3 different from Xpeng X2
_______________________________________________________________________________
72. What do you hope your future car can do (no less than 15 words 不少于15词)
_______________________________________________________________________________
书面表达
【考点详解】
解题注意点：
1.审题:文体，时态，人称。
2.抓住要点:要点是否齐全，适当补充。
3.扩充句子:通过增加状语，定语，连词，使句子意思饱满充实。
4.连句成文，合理使用连词。
5.改正错误:拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正确，连词是否恰当等
6.眷写作文:注意书写工整美观整洁
【例题讲解】
（苏州市2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末）书面表达（共1题; 满分15分）
53. 苏州太湖国家湿地公园正在举办“奇妙动物在哪里”游园活动。假设你是李华，请根据活动海报内容，写信给你的朋友Peter，向他介绍该项活动，并邀请他来参加。
注意：1. 所写内容必须包括活动海报要点，并作适当发挥；
2. 词数90左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Dear Peter,
I’m excited to tell you that there is an activity called “Wonderful Animals &Where to Find Them” at Suzhou Taihu Lake National Wetland Park.
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
词汇复习运用
考点1. 名词
1．wives’ 2．snstructions 3．seasons 4．government 5．importance
6．(m)emory 7．(b)eginning 8．earthquake 9．laws 10．journey
11．Physics 12．example 13．future
考点2. 动词
1．blowing 2．washes 3．accepted 4．advises 5．coughed
6．discuss 7．provide 8．dropping 9．pulled 10．describe
考点3. 形容词副词
silently 2．natural 3．awful 4．taller 5．Useful
6．colourful 7．trapped 8．(f)oggy 9．awful 10．mainly
11．honest1 2．sudden 13．exactly 14．smiling
考点4. 其他
1．himself 2．thirties 3．myself 4.A 5. A 6.C
语法复习
考点1. DB 考点2. AC 考点3. CB 考点4. A；to go 考点5. D 考点6. B；called
短文选词/短文填空
68. among 69. is 70. because 71. prevent 72. to join in
73. clearly 74. tips 75. twice 76. your 77. brushing
78. the 79. has 80. healthy 81. between 82. what
完形填空
13. B 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D
阅读理解
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. D
15. A 16. B 17. D 18. A
19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B
23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A
信息还原
EDFCA
阅读表达
70. On October 10, 2022.
71. Xpeng X3 looks like a sports car with wings and can drive in the street.
72. It can turn into a time machine and take me to see the world in the future./It is a moving house car and can take my whole family on a trip any time.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了两款可以飞的汽车：Xpeng X2和Xpeng X3。
【70题详解】
根据第一段“On October 10, 2022, the Xpeng X2, took its first public flight test in Dubai.”可知，Xpeng X2于2022年10月10日进行了首次飞行，故填On October 10, 2022.
【71题详解】
根据第二段“This one looks like a sports car with wings. When the X3 is in the street, it drives like a car we see every day.”可知，Xpeng X3和Xpeng X2的差别在于Xpeng X3看起来像一辆带翅膀的跑车，并且可以在街上行驶。故填Xpeng X3 looks like a sports car with wings and can drive in the street.
【72题详解】
开放性作答，言之成理即可，答案不得少于15词，参考答案为It can turn into a time machine and take me to see the world in the future./It is a moving house car and can take my whole family on a trip any time.
书面表达
Possible version:
Dear Peter,
I’m excited to tell you that there is an activity called “Wonderful Animals & Where to Find Them” at Suzhou Taihu Lake National Wetland Park.
It is for children under 13 to enjoy themselves every weekend. You can take part in some activities like birdwatching, fishing and going on boat rides. If you arrive before 2 p.m., you can have fun playing games to get gifts. The gift time will end at 4 p.m.
The park provides a perfect place for tourists to feel the beautiful sights. You can get to see different kinds of rare flowers, water-plants and fishes in the “water forest” and even meet animals like pandas.
Would you like to come
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】［总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇书信作文；
②时态：时态力“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
［写作步骤］
第一步，开头已给出，介绍活动时间和儿童年龄等规定；
第二步，介绍公园活动和景色，并邀请对方到来。
［亮点词汇］
①take part in 参加
②have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心
③different kinds of 不同种类的
［高分句型］
If you arrive before 2 p.m.， you can have fun playing games to get gifts.（if引导条件状语从句）