专题16 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thomas was the first person to ________I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C. I got off the bus and walked out and there he was, ________(sit) by a fountain in the sun. As I got much________(close), I could see he was ________pain and noticed the walking frame next to him. I sat down and we started talking. I asked Thomas what________was like here being homeless. He________(response), "It's been ten years now. When I was in the army, there was no way I could have pictured being here. "Thomas had served in Vietnam for four years, but he didn't want to speak much about that. After a short while, I told him what I did and that I'd love to give him a haircut.________(instant) he said, "What, right here Why not! I am not moving, though. I can't move very well at all anymore. "
He wasn't kidding. I put my gown (长袍)around him right there where he was lying and started cutting. I loved every minute of this. The sun ________ (keep) shining as Thomas told me about his early life growing up in West Virginia. With the mirror________(hand) to him in the end, he stared at his clear________(reflect) for a really long time, then looked up at me and said, "I want to know why you did that for me. "I told him the truth—I love hearing his story. Fulfillment is different for everyone, but for me, connecting with others is what makes me tick.
【答案】 whom；sitting；closer；in；it；responded；Instantly；kept；handed；reflection
【解析】
（1）考查定语从句。whom引导关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句首。
如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。
Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.
史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。
to I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C. 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the first person，在从句中作spoke to的宾语，指代的是the person，故填whom。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：我下了车，走了出去，他就在那，坐在阳光下的喷泉旁。根据句子分析，sit在句子中作的是伴随状语，和他的逻辑主语he是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填sitting。
（3）考查形容词。句意：当我走近时，我看到他很痛苦，并注意到他旁边的行走架。much一般修饰形容词的比较级，故填closer。
（4）考查介词。句意：当我走近时，我看到他很痛苦，并注意到他旁边的行走架。in pain固定短语，“在痛苦中”，故填in。
（5）考查代词。句意：我问托马斯在这里无家可归是什么感觉。空中缺少的是主语，指代的是后面的动名词being homeless，it一般可以做形式主语，代替真正的主语不定式或者动名词，故填it。
（6）考查时态。分析句子可知，空中缺少的是谓语，全篇都在叙述过去的事情，用的时态都是一般过去时，故填responded。
（7）考查副词。空中用来修饰谓语动词说，作状语，应该用instant的副词形式，故填Instantly。
（8）考查时态。分析句子可知，空中缺少的是谓语，全文用的时态都是一般过去时，故填kept。
（9）考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，名词和分词之间构成的是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填handed。
（10）考查名词。空中缺少的是stared at的宾语，应用reflect的名词形式，故填reflection。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，介词，代词，时态，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a reason why we dream. Dreams aren't just a product________our brain develops while we sleep. There is something more to it than that. It's from dreams that some of the greatest inventions of man have become a ________(real).
There ________(be )a very simple exercise to start recalling your dreams. Before________(go) to bed, for at least 24 days, keep telling yourself, "I will remember all my dreams."________first, you may not see any results at all, but just insist. After a while you will ________ (probable) notice that vague(模糊的)memories of your dreams will stay in________ (you)mind when you wake up. As you continue to do this, you will notice that it's not just one dream that comes back to you ________a number of dreams.
Now the fun doesn't just stop there. Try to understand what your dreams mean, and see if it applies to something that is happening in your everyday life Many of the________(problem)we struggle with have already been solved in our________(amaze) mind. These answers come to us in the form of dreams.
【答案】 that/which；reality；is；going；At；probably；your；but；problems；amazing
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了梦不仅仅是我们睡觉时大脑发育的产物，正是从梦中，人类一些最伟大的发明变成了现实。并介绍了一个非常简单的可以回忆梦境的练习。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：梦不仅仅是我们睡觉时大脑发育的产物。本句为定语从句修饰先行词product，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指物，故填that/which。
（2）考查名词。句意: 正是从梦中，人类一些最伟大的发明变成了现实。根据上文a可知应用单数名词，故填reality。
（3）考查时态。句意：有一个非常简单的练习可以让你开始回忆你的梦。由here或there引导的倒装句中，主语不止一个时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常和邻近的主语保持一致。根据下文主语a very simple exercise为单数名词，且为一般现在时，故填is。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：在睡觉前，至少24天，不断地告诉自己，"我会记住我所有的梦。"before为介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填going。
（5）考查介词。句意：一开始，你可能看不到任何结果，但只要坚持。at first固定短语，"首先，一开始"，故填at。
（6）考查副词。句意：过了一段时间，你可能会注意到，当你醒来时，梦的模糊记忆会留在你的脑海中。notice为动词需要副词修饰，故填probably。
（7）考查代词。句意：过了一段时间，你可能会注意到，当你醒来时，梦的模糊记忆会留在你的脑海中。mind为名词需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填your。
（8）考查连词。句意：当你继续这样做的时候，你会发现回到你身边的不只是一个梦，而是很多个梦。not…but…固定短语，"不是……而是……"，故填but。
（9）考查名词。句意：我们与之斗争的许多问题已经在我们惊人的头脑中解决了。problem为可数名词，由many of修饰复数名词，故填problems。
（10）考查形容词。mind此处为名词"头脑"需要形容词修饰，故填amazing。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，时态，非谓语动词，介词，副词，代词，连词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A friendly animal waves his paw at visitors just before his enclosure（围墙）at a Spanish zoo. The bear entertains passers-by at Madrid Zoo with ________ (it) antics（滑稽的动作）.
Fictional bears are often friendly beasts. However, their real life counterparts（对应物）tend to have worse reputations, which is why photographer Andrey Slepnev, 31, could ________ (bare) believe his eyes when one of the ________ (creature) started waving at him. The bear ________ (entertain) him at Madrid Zoo by sitting at the edge of his enclosure and ________ (wave) excitedly at him and other visitors. The friendly animal wandered to the front of his enclosure in full view of zoo guests and lifting his ________ (power) paw in a decidedly wave-like motion.
Mr Stepnev said, "The bear seemed extremely happy -the more people waved at him,________ longer he waved for. After several minutes of waving on his own, other bears started following the example set ________ the friendly beast."
"I'd only seen this kind of behavior before in a circus, so perhaps that's ________ he used to do. Apparently they wave to zookeepers when they want feeding, so they try to get food from guests too."
"The bears ________ (know) to wave at zookeepers when they are hungry, and this bear was likely to look for a snack. The bear was enjoying the attention from passers-by," Mr Stepnev added.
【答案】 its；barely；creatures；entertained；waving；powerful；the；by；what；are known
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，在马德里动物园里，一只熊用滑稽的动作逗乐路人，并且其他的熊也开始模仿它。熊的行为是出于饥饿想要得到食物，而同时这只熊也享受着路人的关注。
（1）考查代词。antics为名词，需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填its。
（2）考查副词。believe为动词，需要副词修饰，故填barely。
（3）考查名词。creature为可数名词，而短语one of后跟名词复数形式，表示“……中之一”，故填复数creatures。
（4）考查时态。句意：在马德里动物园里，这只熊坐在它围栏边上逗他开心。根据下文The friendly animal wandered可知应用一般过去时，故填entertained。
（5）考查非谓语动词。本句与上文sitting at the edge of his enclosure同为by的宾语，应用动名词，故填waving。
（6）考查形容词。paw为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填powerful。
（7）考查冠词。句意：熊似乎非常高兴——向它招手的人越多，它招手的时间就越长。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定句式，“越……，越……”，故填冠词the。
（8）考查介词。句意：几分钟后，其他熊开始效仿由这只友好的熊的例子。表示“经由；通过”应用介词by，故填by。
（9）考查表语从句。句意：我以前只在马戏团见过这种行为，所以也许他以前就是这么做的。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，故填what。
（10）考查时态语态。句意：众所周知，当熊饿的时候，它们会向饲养员招手。be known to固定短语，“为……所熟知”，主语bears为复数，故填are known。
【总结】本题考点涉及代词，副词，名词，时态，非谓语动词，形容词，冠词，介词，表语从句以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, ________ is based on the novel of ________ same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year's Day.
After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ________ (frighten),
so they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) ________ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ________ to a new star system. The 2500 years' journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone's ________ (survive).
We ________ (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn't particularly show somebody's ability to save our world ________ shows all the human beings are working together, ________ (spare) no effort to save this world.
The Wandering Earth is seen by people as the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China's sci-fi movies have ________ (official) set sail.
【答案】 which；the；frightened；to move；it；survival；are impressed；but；sparing；officially
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影的主要内容和意义。
（1）考查定语从句。______ is based on the novel of ___2___ same name by Liu Cixin是非限制性定语从句，修饰a Chinese science fiction movie，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
（2）考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说。same常和定冠词the连用，故填the。
（3）考查形容词。句意：在得知太阳正在消失后，世界各地的人们都感到很害怕。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。表示"（人）害怕的"，故填frightened。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。______ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ___5___ to a new star system.是"人们建造行星推进器"的目的，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to move。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。该空作sail的宾语，指代the earth，应用it。故填it。
（6）考查名词。此处作介词for的宾语，应用名词。且空前有everyone's（所有人的）修饰。故填survival。
（7）考查时态语态。impres"给……留下印象"，主语we和impress之间是被动关系，该句用被动语态。且根据上下文，该句应用一般现在时态。故填are impressed。
（8）考查连词。句意：它并没有特别显示某个人拯救世界的能力，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地挽救这个世界。not…but…固定短语，"不是……而是……"，故填but。
（9）考查非谓语动词。______ (spare) no effort to save this world是状语，主语all the human beings和spare no efforts之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sparing。
（10）考查副词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。这意味着中国的科幻电影已经正式启航。该空修饰动词短语set sail，应用副词。故填officially。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，形容词，非谓语动词，代词，名词，时态语态，连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题16 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thomas was the first person to ________I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C. I got off the bus and walked out and there he was, ________(sit) by a fountain in the sun. As I got much________(close), I could see he was ________pain and noticed the walking frame next to him. I sat down and we started talking. I asked Thomas what________was like here being homeless. He________(response), "It's been ten years now. When I was in the army, there was no way I could have pictured being here. "Thomas had served in Vietnam for four years, but he didn't want to speak much about that. After a short while, I told him what I did and that I'd love to give him a haircut.________(instant) he said, "What, right here Why not! I am not moving, though. I can't move very well at all anymore. "
He wasn't kidding. I put my gown (长袍)around him right there where he was lying and started cutting. I loved every minute of this. The sun ________ (keep) shining as Thomas told me about his early life growing up in West Virginia. With the mirror________(hand) to him in the end, he stared at his clear________(reflect) for a really long time, then looked up at me and said, "I want to know why you did that for me. "I told him the truth—I love hearing his story. Fulfillment is different for everyone, but for me, connecting with others is what makes me tick.
2.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a reason why we dream. Dreams aren't just a product________our brain develops while we sleep. There is something more to it than that. It's from dreams that some of the greatest inventions of man have become a ________(real).
There ________(be )a very simple exercise to start recalling your dreams. Before________(go) to bed, for at least 24 days, keep telling yourself, "I will remember all my dreams."________first, you may not see any results at all, but just insist. After a while you will ________ (probable) notice that vague(模糊的)memories of your dreams will stay in________ (you)mind when you wake up. As you continue to do this, you will notice that it's not just one dream that comes back to you ________a number of dreams.
Now the fun doesn't just stop there. Try to understand what your dreams mean, and see if it applies to something that is happening in your everyday life Many of the________(problem)we struggle with have already been solved in our________(amaze) mind. These answers come to us in the form of dreams.
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A friendly animal waves his paw at visitors just before his enclosure（围墙）at a Spanish zoo. The bear entertains passers-by at Madrid Zoo with ________ (it) antics（滑稽的动作）.
Fictional bears are often friendly beasts. However, their real life counterparts（对应物）tend to have worse reputations, which is why photographer Andrey Slepnev, 31, could ________ (bare) believe his eyes when one of the ________ (creature) started waving at him. The bear ________ (entertain) him at Madrid Zoo by sitting at the edge of his enclosure and ________ (wave) excitedly at him and other visitors. The friendly animal wandered to the front of his enclosure in full view of zoo guests and lifting his ________ (power) paw in a decidedly wave-like motion.
Mr Stepnev said, "The bear seemed extremely happy -the more people waved at him,________ longer he waved for. After several minutes of waving on his own, other bears started following the example set ________ the friendly beast."
"I'd only seen this kind of behavior before in a circus, so perhaps that's ________ he used to do. Apparently they wave to zookeepers when they want feeding, so they try to get food from guests too."
"The bears ________ (know) to wave at zookeepers when they are hungry, and this bear was likely to look for a snack. The bear was enjoying the attention from passers-by," Mr Stepnev added.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, ________ is based on the novel of ________ same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year's Day.
After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ________ (frighten),
so they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) ________ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ________ to a new star system. The 2500 years' journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone's ________ (survive).
We ________ (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn't particularly show somebody's ability to save our world ________ shows all the human beings are working together, ________ (spare) no effort to save this world.
The Wandering Earth is seen by people as the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China's sci-fi movies have ________ (official) set sail.专题17 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper-cutting was recognized as a national cultural heritage (遗产) in 2006. According to experts, paper-cutting conveys the culture ________ (share) between China and the West to wish for family reunions and keep links with loved ones, alive or dead.
In the movie Coco, for instance, the 12-year-old Miguel and his family dance and sing to celebrate the Day of the Dead, a traditional festival in Mexico, ________ colorful paper-cuts are hung on the street. Chinese people also cut images of small figures to call back the spirits of the dead. The ________ (differ) is that most Chinese paper-cuts are red, while those in other countries ________ (make) in many other colors.
Fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen liked to cut ________ (character) out of paper while ________ (tell) stories to children. In China, female friends and family members used to chat and make paper-cuts together.
"Though the patterns and colors may be different, paper-cuts share the same function of keeping emotional ties among people," says Yang Huizi, ________ art teacher at Beijing Union.
Yang ________ (study) the paper-cutting art for over a decade. Besides routine university courses, she also organizes nonprofit paper-cutting activities that are open ________ the public in Beijing to promote ________ (base) knowledge of paper-cutting.
【答案】 shared；when；difference；are made；characters；telling；an；has studied；to；basic
【解析】
（1）考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词在句子中表被动时，有五种形式。以build 为例：1. Built （过去分词）；2. Being built 和3. Having been built (----ing 形式) 以及4. To be built 和5. To have been built （动词不定式）。句意：据专家介绍，剪纸传达了中国和西方的文化，希望家人团聚，保持与亲人的联系，无论是活着的还是死去的。本句中share与逻辑主语culture构成被动关系，故用过去分词，填shared。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：例如，在电影《寻宝环游记》中，12岁的米格尔和他的家人载歌载舞，庆祝墨西哥的一个传统节日亡灵节，这天人们会把五颜六色的剪纸挂在街上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词festival，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when，答案为when。
（3）考查名词。句意：不同的是，大多数中国剪纸是红色的，而其他国家的剪纸有许多其他颜色。根据上文the可知应用名词，填difference。
（4）考查时态语态。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且为一般现在时，主语为复数，故填are made。
（5）考查名词。句意：童话作家汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生喜欢在给孩子们讲故事时把纸上的人物剪下来。character为可数名词，前面没有冠词故填复数形式，故填characters。
（6）考查非谓语动词。在状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。从句完整为：while he was telling stories to children。省略he was，故填telling。
（7）考查冠词。句意："虽然图案和颜色可能不同，但剪纸在保持人与人之间的情感纽带方面有着相同的功能，"北京协和美术教师杨惠子说。teacher为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且art为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
（8）考查时态。句意：杨已经学习剪纸艺术超过十年了。根据下文over a decade可知应用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has studied。
（9）考查介词。句意：除了大学的常规课程，她还组织了一些非营利性的剪纸活动，在北京向公众开放，宣传剪纸的基本知识。be open to固定短语，"对……开放"，故填to。
（10）考查形容词。knowledge为名词需要形容词修饰，故填basic。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，时态语态，冠词，介词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is good news- for those who enjoy ________ (run) - around in rain and don't want to get their clothes dirtied or those who play soccer but don't want their shirts to get soiled or wet with sweat. British scientists have created a fabric (织物)that never gets dirty or wet! The cloth ________ (treat) with a special non-sticky chemical that resists oil and water. This ensures that the clothes made ________ it remain clean. But the scientists are not yet ready to make public the ________ (detail) information of this "miracle" chemical.
A well-known French company recently launched ________ new range of jackets that have Teflon in them. Teflon is the plastic coating on non-stick cooking pans,________ has a special characteristic: No reaction to anything. As a result, dirt and water slip away from the Teflon fabric, as ________(easy) as oil slips out of a Teflon-coated pan.
American scientists have gone a step ________(far). They have added insecticide (杀虫剂) to the fabric that kills mosquitoes on contact. This new anti-mosquito fabric ________ (find) immediate buyers shortly after its invention. According to reports, several mosquito net producers are planning ________. (compete) with each other in the bid (投标)to "net" the company for the use of this new technology.
【答案】 running；is treated；of；detailed；a；which；easily；further；found/has found；to compete
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种特殊的不粘的化学物质处理过的布料，它能防水防油从而能使衣服保持干净。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些喜欢在雨中跑步，不想把衣服弄脏的人，或者那些喜欢踢足球，但又不想让衬衫被汗水弄脏的人来说，这是个好消息。enjoy doing sth.固定短语，"喜欢做某事"，故填running。
（2）考查时态语态。句意：这种布是用一种特殊的不粘的化学物质处理过的，它能防水防油。描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为cloth不可数名词，与谓语动词构成被动，故填is treated。
（3）考查介词。句意：这确保了用它做的衣服保持干净。be made of固定短语，"用……制作"，故填of。
（4）考查形容词。句意：但是科学家们还没有准备好公开这种"奇迹"化学物质的详细信息。information为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填detailed。
（5）考查冠词。句意：一家著名的法国公司最近推出了一系列新的含有聚四氟乙烯的夹克。a range of固定短语，"一系列，一套"，故填a。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：聚四氟乙烯是一种不粘锅上塑料涂层，它有一个特殊的特点:对任何东西都没有反应。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Teflon，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填关系代词which。
（7）考查副词。句意：结果，灰尘和水从特氟隆织物上滑落，就像油从涂有特氟隆的平底锅里滑落一样容易。修饰动词slip用副词，故填easily。
（8）考查副词。句意：美国科学家则更进一步。此处表示"（程度）更深"，表示程度。应填further。
（9）考查时态。句意：这种新型防蚊织物发明后不久就立即找到了买主。根据句意可知应用一般过去时或现在完成，故填found/has found。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，几家蚊帐生产商正计划相互竞争，争取让该公司使用这项新技术。plan to do sth.固定短语，"计划做某事"后跟不定式，故填to compete。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，介词，形容词，冠词，定语从句，副词，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advice is a word that is welcomed warmly by a lot of people. It helps in ________(achieve) goals in a better way. As we know, ________(experience) people offer their advice with a positive attitude without making a ________(judge). You can learn how they give advice.
Give advice to people who welcome it. In fact, your focus should be helping others and making ________ aware that the advice can be useful if taken in the right spirit. When advice ________(give), it should be short. It is also essential that while giving advice, one should be fair. As giving advice is ________ art, you should always state the positive side first so that the person is ________(relax) and would in turn welcome your advice.
Give advice on certain matters. ________ a friend of yours wants to buy a car and requests your advice on the matter, your aim should be to give him details about things to be purchased, but you need not go for some particular brands or items. ________(similar), advice on some other important issues, like staying in the relationship or future planning, needs to be given ________(cautious).
【答案】 achieving；experienced；judgment；them；is given；an；relaxed；If；Similarly；cautiously
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，给人建议是一门艺术，本文就如何给出建议提出了几个注意事项。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：它有助于以更好的方式实现目标。根据空前in可知，空处用动名词作宾语，故填achieving。
（2）考查形容词。句意：经验丰富的人提供他们的建议。空处用形容词修饰后面的名词people，故填experienced。
（3）考查名词。句意：正如我们所知，经验丰富的人以积极的态度提供建议，而不做任何判断。根据空前a可知，空处填名词，judgment意为“判断”，故填judgment。
（4）考查代词。句意：事实上，你的重点应该是帮助他人，并让他们意识到，如果本着正确的态度采纳这些建议，它们是有用的。make sb. aware固定短语，“让某人意识到”，再结合句意可知，此处用them指代others，故填them。
（5）考查时态语态。句意：当提出建议时，应该简短。主语是advice和give之间是被动关系，再结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，故填is given。
（6）考查冠词。句意：因为提供建议是一门艺术。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再结合语境可知，art是元音开头，且表示泛指，故填an。
（7）考查形容词。句意：你应该总是先说积极的一面，这样对方才会放松。此处形容词作表语，指人，故填relaxed。
（8）考查状语从句。句意：如果你的朋友想买一辆车，并向你征求意见，你的目标应该是告诉他要买的东西的细节。结合句意可知，空处填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”故填If。
（9）考查副词。句意：在其他一些重要问题上，比如维持关系或未来规划，需要谨慎地给出建议。分空处填副词，修饰空后的句子作状语，故填Similarly。
（10）考查副词。句意：在其他一些重要问题上，比如维持关系或未来规划，需要谨慎地给出建议。空处填副词，修饰空前be given，故填cautiously。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，名词，代词，时态语态，冠词，状语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入l个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thailand's leader traveled to the northern city of Chiang Mai earlier this week to personally inspect areas with ________ (extreme) poor air quality.
Prime Minister Prayuth ordered govemmeat agencies to fight the air pollution ________ has reached dangerous levels Recently, pollution levels in and around Chiang Mai ________ (rise) above those of major world cities known ________ having poor air quality. Much of Chiang Mai's current t pollution is a result of farmers________ (bum)crops. Many farmers set fires at this time of year as a way________ (clear)land for planting. Agriculture experts say the air pollution is ________(bad)this year than last year because of terribly dry weather.
"We need to work on a long-term ________ (solve)with understanding from the public," Prayuth said. " We need time to change the way we farm ________ grow crops. " He said officials had given out nearly two million face ________(mask)to people in affected areas.
【答案】 extremely；which；have risen；for；burning；to clear；worse；solution；and；masks
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，泰国领导人本星期早些时候前往北部城市清迈，亲自视察空气质量极差的地区。泰国总理Prayuth下令政府机构与空气污染作斗争。
（1）考查副词。poor是形容词，由副词修饰，extreme是形容词，它的副词是extremely。故填extremely。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：泰国总理Prayuth下令政府机构与空气污染作斗争。此处pollution是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填which。
（3）考查时态。句意：最近，清迈及其周边地区的空气污染已经达到危险水平，已经超过了以空气质量差而闻名的世界主要城市。根据recently可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是levels，故填have risen。
（4）考查介词。句意：最近，清迈及其周边地区的空气污染已经达到危险水平，已经超过了以空气质量差而闻名的世界主要城市。be known for固定短语，"因------而闻名"。故填for。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：清迈目前的大部分污染是农民焚烧农作物造成的。此处是动名词复合结构砸在介词of后面作宾语。故填burning。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：许多农民在每年的这个时候放火作为一种为种植清理土地的方法。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to clear。
（7）考查形容词。句意：农业专家表示，由于极端干燥的天气，今年的空气污染比去年更严重。根据than可知句子用比较级，故填worse。
（8）考查名词。句意：我们需要在公众理解的情况下制定一个长期的解决方案。此处long-term是形容词，再根据前面的a，可知此处用单数可数名词，故填solution。
（9）考查连词。句意：我们需要时间来改变我们耕种和种植农作物的方式。此处是并列谓语，用and连接，故填and。
（10）考查名词。句意：他说，官员已经向受灾地区的人们发放了近200万个口罩。根据two million可知名词用复数形式，故填masks。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，定语从句，时态，介词，非谓语动词，形容词，名词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
（8）考查时态。分析句子可知，空中缺少的是谓语，全文用的时态都是一般过去时，故填kept。
（9）考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，名词和分词之间构成的是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填handed。
（10）考查名词。空中缺少的是stared at的宾语，应用reflect的名词形式，故填reflection。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，介词，代词，时态，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a reason why we dream. Dreams aren't just a product________our brain develops while we sleep. There is something more to it than that. It's from dreams that some of the greatest inventions of man have become a ________(real).
There ________(be )a very simple exercise to start recalling your dreams. Before________(go) to bed, for at least 24 days, keep telling yourself, "I will remember all my dreams."________first, you may not see any results at all, but just insist. After a while you will ________ (probable) notice that vague(模糊的)memories of your dreams will stay in________ (you)mind when you wake up. As you continue to do this, you will notice that it's not just one dream that comes back to you ________a number of dreams.
Now the fun doesn't just stop there. Try to understand what your dreams mean, and see if it applies to something that is happening in your everyday life Many of the________(problem)we struggle with have already been solved in our________(amaze) mind. These answers come to us in the form of dreams.
【答案】 that/which；reality；is；going；At；probably；your；but；problems；amazing
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了梦不仅仅是我们睡觉时大脑发育的产物，正是从梦中，人类一些最伟大的发明变成了现实。并介绍了一个非常简单的可以回忆梦境的练习。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：梦不仅仅是我们睡觉时大脑发育的产物。本句为定语从句修饰先行词product，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指物，故填that/which。
（2）考查名词。句意: 正是从梦中，人类一些最伟大的发明变成了现实。根据上文a可知应用单数名词，故填reality。
（3）考查时态。句意：有一个非常简单的练习可以让你开始回忆你的梦。由here或there引导的倒装句中，主语不止一个时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常和邻近的主语保持一致。根据下文主语a very simple exercise为单数名词，且为一般现在时，故填is。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：在睡觉前，至少24天，不断地告诉自己，"我会记住我所有的梦。"before为介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填going。
（5）考查介词。句意：一开始，你可能看不到任何结果，但只要坚持。at first固定短语，"首先，一开始"，故填at。
（6）考查副词。句意：过了一段时间，你可能会注意到，当你醒来时，梦的模糊记忆会留在你的脑海中。notice为动词需要副词修饰，故填probably。
（7）考查代词。句意：过了一段时间，你可能会注意到，当你醒来时，梦的模糊记忆会留在你的脑海中。mind为名词需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填your。
（8）考查连词。句意：当你继续这样做的时候，你会发现回到你身边的不只是一个梦，而是很多个梦。not…but…固定短语，"不是……而是……"，故填but。
（9）考查名词。句意：我们与之斗争的许多问题已经在我们惊人的头脑中解决了。problem为可数名词，由many of修饰复数名词，故填problems。
（10）考查形容词。mind此处为名词"头脑"需要形容词修饰，故填amazing。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，时态，非谓语动词，介词，副词，代词，连词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A friendly animal waves his paw at visitors just before his enclosure（围墙）at a Spanish zoo. The bear entertains passers-by at Madrid Zoo with ________ (it) antics（滑稽的动作）.
Fictional bears are often friendly beasts. However, their real life counterparts（对应物）tend to have worse reputations, which is why photographer Andrey Slepnev, 31, could ________ (bare) believe his eyes when one of the ________ (creature) started waving at him. The bear ________ (entertain) him at Madrid Zoo by sitting at the edge of his enclosure and ________ (wave) excitedly at him and other visitors. The friendly animal wandered to the front of his enclosure in full view of zoo guests and lifting his ________ (power) paw in a decidedly wave-like motion.
Mr Stepnev said, "The bear seemed extremely happy -the more people waved at him,________ longer he waved for. After several minutes of waving on his own, other bears started following the example set ________ the friendly beast."
"I'd only seen this kind of behavior before in a circus, so perhaps that's ________ he used to do. Apparently they wave to zookeepers when they want feeding, so they try to get food from guests too."
"The bears ________ (know) to wave at zookeepers when they are hungry, and this bear was likely to look for a snack. The bear was enjoying the attention from passers-by," Mr Stepnev added.
【答案】 its；barely；creatures；entertained；waving；powerful；the；by；what；are known
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，在马德里动物园里，一只熊用滑稽的动作逗乐路人，并且其他的熊也开始模仿它。熊的行为是出于饥饿想要得到食物，而同时这只熊也享受着路人的关注。
（1）考查代词。antics为名词，需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填its。
（2）考查副词。believe为动词，需要副词修饰，故填barely。
（3）考查名词。creature为可数名词，而短语one of后跟名词复数形式，表示“……中之一”，故填复数creatures。
（4）考查时态。句意：在马德里动物园里，这只熊坐在它围栏边上逗他开心。根据下文The friendly animal wandered可知应用一般过去时，故填entertained。
（5）考查非谓语动词。本句与上文sitting at the edge of his enclosure同为by的宾语，应用动名词，故填waving。
（6）考查形容词。paw为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填powerful。
（7）考查冠词。句意：熊似乎非常高兴——向它招手的人越多，它招手的时间就越长。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定句式，“越……，越……”，故填冠词the。
（8）考查介词。句意：几分钟后，其他熊开始效仿由这只友好的熊的例子。表示“经由；通过”应用介词by，故填by。
（9）考查表语从句。句意：我以前只在马戏团见过这种行为，所以也许他以前就是这么做的。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，故填what。
（10）考查时态语态。句意：众所周知，当熊饿的时候，它们会向饲养员招手。be known to固定短语，“为……所熟知”，主语bears为复数，故填are known。
【总结】本题考点涉及代词，副词，名词，时态，非谓语动词，形容词，冠词，介词，表语从句以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, ________ is based on the novel of ________ same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year's Day.
After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ________ (frighten),
so they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) ________ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ________ to a new star system. The 2500 years' journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone's ________ (survive).
We ________ (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn't particularly show somebody's ability to save our world ________ shows all the human beings are working together, ________ (spare) no effort to save this world.
The Wandering Earth is seen by people as the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China's sci-fi movies have ________ (official) set sail.
【答案】 which；the；frightened；to move；it；survival；are impressed；but；sparing；officially
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影的主要内容和意义。
（1）考查定语从句。______ is based on the novel of ___2___ same name by Liu Cixin是非限制性定语从句，修饰a Chinese science fiction movie，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
（2）考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说。same常和定冠词the连用，故填the。
（3）考查形容词。句意：在得知太阳正在消失后，世界各地的人们都感到很害怕。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。表示"（人）害怕的"，故填frightened。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。______ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ___5___ to a new star system.是"人们建造行星推进器"的目的，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to move。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。该空作sail的宾语，指代the earth，应用it。故填it。
（6）考查名词。此处作介词for的宾语，应用名词。且空前有everyone's（所有人的）修饰。故填survival。
（7）考查时态语态。impres"给……留下印象"，主语we和impress之间是被动关系，该句用被动语态。且根据上下文，该句应用一般现在时态。故填are impressed。
（8）考查连词。句意：它并没有特别显示某个人拯救世界的能力，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地挽救这个世界。not…but…固定短语，"不是……而是……"，故填but。
（9）考查非谓语动词。______ (spare) no effort to save this world是状语，主语all the human beings和spare no efforts之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sparing。
（10）考查副词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。这意味着中国的科幻电影已经正式启航。该空修饰动词短语set sail，应用副词。故填officially。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，形容词，非谓语动词，代词，名词，时态语态，连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题17 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper-cutting was recognized as a national cultural heritage (遗产) in 2006. According to experts, paper-cutting conveys the culture ________ (share) between China and the West to wish for family reunions and keep links with loved ones, alive or dead.
In the movie Coco, for instance, the 12-year-old Miguel and his family dance and sing to celebrate the Day of the Dead, a traditional festival in Mexico, ________ colorful paper-cuts are hung on the street. Chinese people also cut images of small figures to call back the spirits of the dead. The ________ (differ) is that most Chinese paper-cuts are red, while those in other countries ________ (make) in many other colors.
Fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen liked to cut ________ (character) out of paper while ________ (tell) stories to children. In China, female friends and family members used to chat and make paper-cuts together.
"Though the patterns and colors may be different, paper-cuts share the same function of keeping emotional ties among people," says Yang Huizi, ________ art teacher at Beijing Union.
Yang ________ (study) the paper-cutting art for over a decade. Besides routine university courses, she also organizes nonprofit paper-cutting activities that are open ________ the public in Beijing to promote ________ (base) knowledge of paper-cutting.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is good news- for those who enjoy ________ (run) - around in rain and don't want to get their clothes dirtied or those who play soccer but don't want their shirts to get soiled or wet with sweat. British scientists have created a fabric (织物)that never gets dirty or wet! The cloth ________ (treat) with a special non-sticky chemical that resists oil and water. This ensures that the clothes made ________ it remain clean. But the scientists are not yet ready to make public the ________ (detail) information of this "miracle" chemical.
A well-known French company recently launched ________ new range of jackets that have Teflon in them. Teflon is the plastic coating on non-stick cooking pans,________ has a special characteristic: No reaction to anything. As a result, dirt and water slip away from the Teflon fabric, as ________(easy) as oil slips out of a Teflon-coated pan.
American scientists have gone a step ________(far). They have added insecticide (杀虫剂) to the fabric that kills mosquitoes on contact. This new anti-mosquito fabric ________ (find) immediate buyers shortly after its invention. According to reports, several mosquito net producers are planning ________. (compete) with each other in the bid (投标)to "net" the company for the use of this new technology.
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advice is a word that is welcomed warmly by a lot of people. It helps in ________(achieve) goals in a better way. As we know, ________(experience) people offer their advice with a positive attitude without making a ________(judge). You can learn how they give advice.
Give advice to people who welcome it. In fact, your focus should be helping others and making ________ aware that the advice can be useful if taken in the right spirit. When advice ________(give), it should be short. It is also essential that while giving advice, one should be fair. As giving advice is ________ art, you should always state the positive side first so that the person is ________(relax) and would in turn welcome your advice.
Give advice on certain matters. ________ a friend of yours wants to buy a car and requests your advice on the matter, your aim should be to give him details about things to be purchased, but you need not go for some particular brands or items. ________(similar), advice on some other important issues, like staying in the relationship or future planning, needs to be given ________(cautious).
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入l个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thailand's leader traveled to the northern city of Chiang Mai earlier this week to personally inspect areas with ________ (extreme) poor air quality.
Prime Minister Prayuth ordered govemmeat agencies to fight the air pollution ________ has reached dangerous levels Recently, pollution levels in and around Chiang Mai ________ (rise) above those of major world cities known ________ having poor air quality. Much of Chiang Mai's current t pollution is a result of farmers________ (bum)crops. Many farmers set fires at this time of year as a way________ (clear)land for planting. Agriculture experts say the air pollution is ________(bad)this year than last year because of terribly dry weather.
"We need to work on a long-term ________ (solve)with understanding from the public," Prayuth said. " We need time to change the way we farm ________ grow crops. " He said officials had given out nearly two million face ________(mask)to people in affected areas.
专题18 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's not often sunny in Paris, but people still love to walk along the banks of the Seine. They love the view of the city's old________(building), especially Notre Dame Cathedral, with its fantastic spire(尖顶).
________, that view has been changed forever. On April 16, a fire ________ (destroy) the spire of the 850-year-old church, and two-thirds of the roof. Parisians were so shocked that they couldn't help openly ________ (weep). Many citizens gathered around the giant church, praying for the hundreds of firefighters ________ fought the flames. For many in France, it's not only a house of worship, a symbol of French culture, architecture and history.
It is no wonder that people felt sad. The cathedral,________(construct) in 1163, is home to many________(religion) paintings and sculptures. It is probably best known for its relation ________ the story of the Hunchback(驼背人) of Notre Dame. But its French Gothic Architecture remains the________(big) attraction for visitors from around the world. ________ (fortunate), its world-famous glass windows survived the fire. And French President has promised to rebuild the invaluable heritage.
【答案】 buildings；However；destroyed；weeping；who/that；constructed；religious；to；biggest；Fortunately
【解析】
（1）考查名词。拓展：building普通用词，指任何建筑物，但不涉及建筑物的大小、风格以及所用材料。 structure侧重建筑物的构造形式。句意：他们喜欢城市古老建筑的风景，尤其喜欢巴黎圣母院，以及它奇异的尖顶。"城市古老建筑"是复数意义，用名词复数，故填buildings。
（2）考查副词。句意：然而，这种风景已经永远被改变了。文中表示转折关系，且位于句首，首字母大写，所以填However。
（3）考查时态。句意：4月16日，一场大火烧毁了这座有着850年历史的教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填destroyed。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，忍不住公开哭泣。couldn't help doing固定短语，“忍不住做某事”，所以填weeping。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：许多市民聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。___5___ fought the flames是一个定语从句，修饰先行词firefighters，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who/that。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：大教堂建于1163年，是许多宗教绘画和雕塑的家。"大教堂"和"建造"之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以填constructed。
（7）考查形容词。句意：大教堂建于1163年，是许多宗教绘画和雕塑的家。修饰名词paintings，用形容词，所以填religious。
（8）考查介词。句意：它最有名的可能是关于《圣母院中驼背人的故事》。relation to固定短语，“关于”，所以填to。
（9）考查形容词。句意：但是，它的法国哥特式建筑仍然是世界各地游客的最大吸引力。文中表示"最大的吸引力"，用最高级，所以填biggest。
（10）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，它举世闻名的玻璃窗幸免于火灾。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，首字母大写，所以填Fortunately。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，副词，时态，非谓语动词，定语从句，形容词，介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Where have you travelled This is the question that always ________（come）up after each holiday. I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when ________（surround）by those who'd explored many countries. That's not to say I'm not interested in those places, but my preferred mode of travelling has always been focusing more on ________ makes me happy. I'm content to explore closer to home and to trade passport stamps for ________ joy of finding a spot I should know about and yet have never seen before. A favorite moment in my day can be ________（walk）down a new street and realizing that, while I have lived here ________ 12 years, there are still little corners ________ lie undiscovered. There are a million ________（story）waiting to be discovered on your own road, so why do we regard them as ________（important）than those that can only be heard after an eight-hour flight
Travelling experiences ________（rich）life. It's very nice to go travelling, but it's so much nicer to come home.
【答案】 comes；surrounded；what；the；walking；for；that/which；stories；less important；enrich
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的度假经历，告诉人们：去哪儿不重要，重要的是自己开心并能获取知识。
（1）考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句且充当主语，先行词是problem，故that是第三人称单数。通过is判断出本句为一般现在时，所以用come的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
（2）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知此处是状语从句省略，完整的句子为：I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when I was surrounded by those who'd explored many countries.在状语从句中如果主从句主语一致，且从句由be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be。故填surrounded。
（3）考查宾语从句。on后是一个宾语从句，且连词在句中充当主语，指物。故填what。
（4）考查冠词。joy是名词，且特指"发现新景点的快乐"，故用定冠词，填the。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：我一天中最喜欢的时刻是走在一条新的街道上，并意识到，虽然我在这里生活了12年，但仍没有发现一些小角落。此处是用动名词作表语，walking 与and后面的realizing…是并列关系。故填walking。
（6）考查介词。该句是现在完成时，且12years是时间段，根据since+时间点，for+时间段，可知此处用介词for。故填for。
（7）考查定语从句。此句是限制性定语从句，先行词是corners，指物，定语从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
（8）考查名词。根据空格前的a million可知此处应该用story的复数形式。故填stories。
（9）考查形容词。句意：为什么我们会认为那些在家附近的旅行比起长途跋涉的旅行来没那么重要呢？根据固定短语regard sb as adj/n 可知此处应该用形容词，由 than判断用比较级，由句意可知是否定意义。故填less important。
（10）考查时态。空格处应该是谓语动词，rich的动词形式是enrich, 主语experiences是复数形式，时态为一般现在时，所以用动词原形。故填enrich。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，宾语从句，冠词，介词，定语从句，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当 内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
If it weren't for the, ninth BRICS Summit（金砖峰会）held in Xiamen last year, many people would probably never have realized ________ rich the culture in Fujian is.
The welcoming ceremony displayed the traditional local culture, including ________ (various) of art forms such as children's folk rhymes and Hui'an women dances, However, one of the most ________ (impression) performances was Nanyin, which is translated as "the music in the south". Nanyin is a type of musical performance art based on southern Fujian dialects. ________ (general) considered to date back to the Song Dynasty, Nanyin has been called precious treasure of China's music history and is ________ (old) traditional music form in China today. When ________ (interview), a Nanyin performer said. "Some people say such old music isn't necessary or suitable ________ modern people, but I don't think ________ . As a matter of fact, Nanyin can be a social communication break for modern people who ________ (feed) up with the fast-paced lifestyle." Another performer added, " ________ (get) involved in Nanyin performance makes me remain young. Anyway, who can be older than this kind of 1000-year-old music "
【答案】 how；varieties；impressive；Generally；the oldest；interviewed；for；so；are fed；Getting
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，通过金砖国家领导人第九次会晤介绍了福建省的一种文化形式——南音。（1）考查感叹句。句意：如果不是去年在厦门举行的金砖国家领导人第九次会晤，许多人可能永远不会意识到福建文化有多么丰富。本句为感叹句，根据下文rich为形容词需要how感叹。故填how。
（2）考查名词。句意：欢迎仪式展示了当地的传统文化，包括各种艺术形式，如儿童民谣和惠安女舞蹈。varieties of固定短语，"各种各样的"，故填varieties。
（3）考查形容词。句意：然而，最令人印象深刻的表演之一是"南音"，它被翻译为"南方的音乐"。performance为名词需要形容词修饰，故填impressive。
（4）考查副词。句意：南音是一种基于闽南方言的音乐表演艺术，一般认为可以追溯到宋朝。consider为动词需要副词修饰，故填Generally。
（5）考查形容词。句意: 南音被称为中国音乐史上的宝贵财富，是中国最古老的传统音乐形式。根据下文的比较范围为in China，故应用形容词最高级，填the oldest。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：一位南音表演者在接受采访时说。"有人说这样的老音乐对现代人来说没有必要或不合适，但我不这么认为。本句中interview与逻辑主语a Nanyin performer构成被动关系，故用过去分词，填interviewed。
（7）考查介词。be suitable for固定短语，"适合"，故填for。
（8）考查代词。句意：我不这么认为。sb. don’t think so"某人不这么认为"。故填so。
（9）考查时态语态。句意：事实上，对于那些已经厌倦了快节奏生活方式的现代人来说，南音是一个社交平台。本句主语modern people与谓语动词构成被动关系，且为一般现在时，故填are fed。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：另一位表演者补充道:"参与南音的演出让我保持年轻。不管怎样，谁能比这种有着千年历史的音乐更古老呢 "分析句子结构可知，本句为Getting involved in Nanyin performance应为动名词形式作句子主语。故填Getting。
【总结】本题考点涉及感叹句，名词，代词，形容词，副词，非谓语动词，介词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the past few years, anxiety has become more and more common among teenagers, especially high school students.
It seems to me that as the college entrance exam approaches, students ________ (face) with difficulties and failures at school often feel overwhelmed(无所适从的). They can't solve their problems and are unable to adjust to the changing environment. Some even have physical ________ (symptom) such as headaches, stomachs and so on. These anxieties increase the risk of depression.
Parental behavior is certainly another reason ________ contributes to children's anxiety. Parents should encourage their children and be their friends. However, the fact is that the majority of parents pay too much attention ________ children's school performance. They would rather shout at the children than try to find out ________ they are doing badly at school. ________ (consequent), students become less and less confident and unwilling to communicate with anyone. Pressure can't ________ (avoid) in life. Those who succeed manage to turn pressure into motivation. As students, first, we should set suitable targets for ourselves, ________ (depend) on our abilities. Second, we should regard difficulties as ________ (value) experiences that can be overcome if we try to get past them.
Learn to comfort yourself, Human intelligence ________ (vary) from person to person. Physical and mental health is more important than exam marks.
【答案】 faced；symptoms；that/which；to；why；Consequently；be avoided；depending；valuable；varies
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，在过去的几年里，焦虑在青少年中变得越来越普遍，尤其是高中生。并分析了产生焦虑的原因以及应对的方法。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，随着高考的临近，学生在学校面临的困难和失败往往感到不知所措。be faced with固定短语，"面对"，face与students构成被动，故用过去分词作状语，填faced。
（2）考查名词。句意：有些人甚至有身体症状，如头痛、胃等。symptom为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式，填symptoms。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：父母的行为当然是导致孩子焦虑的另一个原因。本句为定语从句修饰先行词reason，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填that/which。
（4）考查介词。句意：然而，事实是，大多数家长太关注孩子的学校表现。pay too much attention to固定短语，"太过关注"。故填to。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：他们宁愿对孩子们大喊大叫，也不愿找出他们为什么在学校表现不好的原因。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示"为什么"，故填why。
（6）考查副词。句意：因此，学生变得越来越不自信，不愿意与任何人交流。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Consequently。
（7）考查语态。句意：生活中压力是不可避免的。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形，故填be avoided。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：作为学生，首先，我们应该根据自己的能力为自己设定合适的目标。depend与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，故用现在分词，填depending。
（9）考查形容词。句意：第二，我们应该把困难看作是宝贵的经验，如果我们努力克服它们，就能克服它们。experience为名词需要形容词修饰，故填valuable。
（10）考查时态。句意：学会安慰自己，人的智力因人而异。根据主语Human intelligence可知谓语动词用第三人称单数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填varies。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，介词，宾语从句，语态，形容词以及时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题18 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's not often sunny in Paris, but people still love to walk along the banks of the Seine. They love the view of the city's old________(building), especially Notre Dame Cathedral, with its fantastic spire(尖顶).
________, that view has been changed forever. On April 16, a fire ________ (destroy) the spire of the 850-year-old church, and two-thirds of the roof. Parisians were so shocked that they couldn't help openly ________ (weep). Many citizens gathered around the giant church, praying for the hundreds of firefighters ________ fought the flames. For many in France, it's not only a house of worship, a symbol of French culture, architecture and history.
It is no wonder that people felt sad. The cathedral,________(construct) in 1163, is home to many________(religion) paintings and sculptures. It is probably best known for its relation ________ the story of the Hunchback(驼背人) of Notre Dame. But its French Gothic Architecture remains the________(big) attraction for visitors from around the world. ________ (fortunate), its world-famous glass windows survived the fire. And French President has promised to rebuild the invaluable heritage.
2.阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Where have you travelled This is the question that always ________（come）up after each holiday. I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when ________（surround）by those who'd explored many countries. That's not to say I'm not interested in those places, but my preferred mode of travelling has always been focusing more on ________ makes me happy. I'm content to explore closer to home and to trade passport stamps for ________ joy of finding a spot I should know about and yet have never seen before. A favorite moment in my day can be ________（walk）down a new street and realizing that, while I have lived here ________ 12 years, there are still little corners ________ lie undiscovered. There are a million ________（story）waiting to be discovered on your own road, so why do we regard them as ________（important）than those that can only be heard after an eight-hour flight
Travelling experiences ________（rich）life. It's very nice to go travelling, but it's so much nicer to come home.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当 内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
If it weren't for the, ninth BRICS Summit（金砖峰会）held in Xiamen last year, many people would probably never have realized ________ rich the culture in Fujian is.
The welcoming ceremony displayed the traditional local culture, including ________ (various) of art forms such as children's folk rhymes and Hui'an women dances, However, one of the most ________ (impression) performances was Nanyin, which is translated as "the music in the south". Nanyin is a type of musical performance art based on southern Fujian dialects. ________ (general) considered to date back to the Song Dynasty, Nanyin has been called precious treasure of China's music history and is ________ (old) traditional music form in China today. When ________ (interview), a Nanyin performer said. "Some people say such old music isn't necessary or suitable ________ modern people, but I don't think ________ . As a matter of fact, Nanyin can be a social communication break for modern people who ________ (feed) up with the fast-paced lifestyle." Another performer added, " ________ (get) involved in Nanyin performance makes me remain young. Anyway, who can be older than this kind of 1000-year-old music "
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the past few years, anxiety has become more and more common among teenagers, especially high school students.
It seems to me that as the college entrance exam approaches, students ________ (face) with difficulties and failures at school often feel overwhelmed(无所适从的). They can't solve their problems and are unable to adjust to the changing environment. Some even have physical ________ (symptom) such as headaches, stomachs and so on. These anxieties increase the risk of depression.
Parental behavior is certainly another reason ________ contributes to children's anxiety. Parents should encourage their children and be their friends. However, the fact is that the majority of parents pay too much attention ________ children's school performance. They would rather shout at the children than try to find out ________ they are doing badly at school. ________ (consequent), students become less and less confident and unwilling to communicate with anyone. Pressure can't ________ (avoid) in life. Those who succeed manage to turn pressure into motivation. As students, first, we should set suitable targets for ourselves, ________ (depend) on our abilities. Second, we should regard difficulties as ________ (value) experiences that can be overcome if we try to get past them.
Learn to comfort yourself, Human intelligence ________ (vary) from person to person. Physical and mental health is more important than exam marks.专题19 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was at a family restaurant, a chain type, ________ offers good food at low ________ (price) and often has specials. You tend to see older people dining there who may not otherwise be able to afford to dine out.
This particular day there was a couple, ________ (probable) in their 80's, in the row next to ________ (I). The story playing in my mind ________ (be) that they would be using their social security check to enjoy this night out.
So, when I ________ (finish) my meal, I went to the register ________ (pay). I then decided I would pay for this couple's meal as well. I had a SMILE card but chose not to on this occasion, as I did not want them to feel as though they had to pass it on, ________ (guess) that it was already difficult enough for them to just get by. I thanked the Divine that I am ________ (bless) enough to have been able to share a little something ________ this gentle couple.
【答案】 which；prices；probably；mine；was；finished；to pay；guessing；blessed；with
【解析】
（1）考查定语从句。要讲限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别，看例子:
① I have a brother who is an actor.
② I have a brother ，who is an actor.
这两点句子几乎一模一样，只是②多了个逗号！从此他们的差别就很大！
①是限定性定语从句，既然需要限定，说明我的兄弟很多。句子翻译是: 我有一个兄弟是演员！当然我还有其他兄弟！也可以翻译成: 我其中的一个兄弟是演员！
②是非限定性定语从句，既然不需要限定，那说明我只有一个兄弟！句子翻译成:我有一个兄弟是演员！当然我只有一个兄弟！也可以翻译成:我唯一的兄弟是演员！当然我们平时不会这样说话！
此时，我们就能区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别了！他们共有的特性是补充和说明！
句意：我在一家连锁的家庭餐馆里，那里的食物很便宜好吃，而且经常有特价菜。分析句子可知，本句为非限定性定语从句，其中先行词为a family restaurant，在定语从句中作主语，要用which。故填which。
（2）考查名词。句意：餐馆里，那里的食物价格很低。好吃各种食物有不同价格，要用复数，故填prices。
（3）考查副词。句意：在我旁边的一排有一对可能有80多岁的夫妇。本空在句中修饰动词，要用副词形式，故填probably 。
（4）考查代词。句意：他们坐在与我相邻的一排。本句比较对象为餐桌，又后面无名词，应该用名词性物主代词，故填mine。
（5）考查时态。句意：我脑海中浮现的故事是，他们将用社保支票享受今晚的外出进餐。本文叙述的是过去的故事，为一般过去时态。The story为单数主语，故填was。
（6）考查时态。句意：当我吃完饭后，我去收银台去付款。本文为一般过去时态，故填finished。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：当我吃完饭后，我去收银台去付款。本处不定式表示目的，故填to pay。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：因为我不想让他们觉得好像他们必须把它传下去，猜测他们已经很难把它传递下去。分析句子可知，本空在句中作伴随状语，gues的逻辑主语是"I"，二者是主动关关，因此用现在分词，故填guessing。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我感谢上帝保佑我能和这对温柔的夫妇分享一些东西。此处为系表结构，此处要用形容词，故填blessed。
（10）考查介词。句意：我感谢上帝保佑我能和这对温柔的夫妇分享一些东西。share sth. with sb.固定短语，"与某人分享某物"，故填with。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，副词，代词，时态，非谓语动词，形容词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
An emotional reunion has been 75 years in the making. Two WWII ________ (survive), 87-year-old Morris Sana and 85-year-old Simon Mairowitz, are cousins ________grew up together in Romania. The boys had been the best friends until the war broke out in 1940, which led to both families ________ (flee) the country in separate directions.
Since the cousins had no way of communicating with each other after they fled their home nation, both of ________assumed that the other had fallen victim to the war. While Sana ended up settling down in Israel, Mairowitz and his family built a new home in the UK.
Decades later, Sana's daughter began using the Internet ________ (track) down and befriend all of her father's long-lost cousins and family members. When she told her dad that his beloved cousin ________ (find), a meeting between the two was set up. Sana's granddaughter Leetal Ofer recorded their reunion and published the footage to Facebook. In the video, Sana and Mairowitz are ________ (tearful) hugging each other and ________ (express) their gratitude for the meeting. Ofer later described the reunion ________one of the most moving things she had ever seen. “The war tore so many families apart and bringing them together in Israel is so ________ (magic) ,” she said.
【答案】 survivors；who；fleeing；them；to track；had been found；tearfully；expressing；as；magical
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一场感人的团聚，既是表兄弟又是好朋友的莫里斯·萨纳和西蒙·迈罗维茨作为二战幸存者在多年后终于得团聚的故事。
（1）考查名词。句意：两名二战幸存者，87岁的莫里斯·萨纳和85岁的西蒙·迈罗维茨是在罗马尼亚一起长大的表亲。根据Two可知此处要用名词的复数形式，且survivor是可数名词。故填survivors。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：两名二战幸存者，87岁的莫里斯·萨纳和85岁的西蒙·迈罗维茨是在罗马尼亚一起长大的表亲。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词为cousins，定语从句中的谓语为grew up，因此可知此处要用关系代词who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。故填who。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：这两个男孩一直是最好的朋友，直到1940年战争爆发，导致两个家庭各自逃离这个国家。根据 led to 可知此处要用动名词形式作宾语。故填fleeing。
（4）考查代词。句意：由于这对表兄弟在逃离自己的祖国后无法相互联系，他们都认为对方是战争的牺牲品。根据 the cousins可知此处要用代词，且由both of 可知此处要用them构成主语。故填them。（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：几十年后，萨纳的女儿开始利用互联网寻找她父亲失散已久的所有表亲和家人，并与他们成为朋友。根据began using the Internet 可知此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to track。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：当她告诉父亲他深爱的表弟已经找到时，两人就约定了会面。根据a meeting between the two was set up可知此处要用过去完成时，表示已经找到，且由his beloved cousin 与find之间是被动关系，因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been found。
（7）考查副词。句意：在视频中，萨纳和迈罗维茨含泪拥抱在一起，表达他们对这次会面的感激之情。根据谓语动词are hugging可知此处要用副词，修饰谓语动词。故填tearfully。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频中，萨纳和迈罗维茨含泪拥抱在一起，表达他们对这次会面的感激之情。根据连词and 可知此处是并列的动作，由谓语动词are hugging可知此处用v-ing形式。故填expressing。
（9）考查介词。句意：奥弗后来形容这次团聚是她见过的最感人的事情之一。describe…as …固定短语，“描述……为……”，故填as。
（10）考查形容词。句意：她说：“战争撕裂了那么多家庭，让他们在以色列团聚是多么神奇。”根据 is so可知此处要用形容词作表语。故填magical。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，定语从句，非谓语动词，代词，时态语态，副词，介词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kobe Bryant passed away in a helicopter crash five months ago. His fans were so heartbroken that they held various________ (activity) to honor him. Someone ''updated'' the superstar's social media ________ April 1 to promote his sports fantasy novel, The Wizenard Series: Season One, to his fans around ________ globe. The novel revolves (围绕) around basketball team, the West Bottom Badgers, and an incredible coach Rolabi, who ________(base) on Phil Jackson, the former coach of the Los Angeles Lakers.
''The book stems from (源于) my goal of bringing joy back to youth sports, while ________(teach) important life lessons.'' Bryant said in an interview before his death. Apart from referring to his ________ (person) basketball experiences, he also draws from the more basic and psychological truths in sports: teamwork, training, perseverance and mental toughness.
While the announcement may not have come ________ (direct) from Bryant, many fans are hoping that the fantastic novel ________(continue) his legacy. For many others, ________, it was Bryant's mentality that made him legendary (传奇的). ________ (know) as the ''Black Mamba'' for his passion, persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world.
【答案】 activities；on；the；is based；teaching；personal；directly；will continue；however / nevertheless；Known
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科比去世后，他的球迷举行各种活动来纪念他。4月1日有人更新了他的社交媒体，向球迷宣布了关于他的体育传奇小说The Wizenard Series: Season One。很多球迷希望可以通过这本书延续科比的传奇，但有人也认为让科比成为传奇的是他的精神。
（1）考查名词。activity“活动”是可数名词，根据various判断此处用复数形式，故填activities。
（2）考查介词。根据April 1判断此处应填介词on，on April 1“在四月1日”，故填on。
（3）考查冠词。around the globe固定短语，“全世界”，故填the。
（4）考查时态语态。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who代指先行词coach Rolabi，是第三人称单数，且和base之间是被动关系，根据上文的revolves判断此处为一般现在时，故填is based。
（5）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词和while一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语the book和teach之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填teaching。
（6）考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词词组basketball experience，故填personal。
（7）考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词come，故填directly。
（8）考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知continue发生在将来，且主句是现在进行时，故用一般将来时，故填will continue。
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，对于其他很多人来说，让科比成为传奇人物的是他的精神。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，故填however/nevertheless。
（10）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Bryant和know之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填Known。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，介词，冠词，时态语态，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several names for Britain: Britain, Great Britain, the United Kingdom, and the UK. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: ________ large number of people call the country "England", but this is not correct. England is only one part of the UK. However, it is the ________ (large) part in the UK. There are four "countries" in the UK—England, Scotland, Wales ________ Northern Ireland. ________ (be) an independent country, the Republic of Ireland (or Eire) isn't part of the. UK.
London is the capital of the UK, as well as England, but all the other countries have their own smaller capital ________ (city), too.
Until 1603, Scotland and England were separate countries with their own monarchs (国王) and parliaments (国会). In that year, however, the English queen, Elizabeth I, ________ (die). She had no children, so James Ⅵ, the King of Scotland, became King James I of England. In 1999, Scotland got its own parliament again, ________ can make laws about some things.
The English king, Edward I, conquered Wales in the 13th century. Many people in Wales, ________ (special) in the north, speak Welsh as their first language and all children must learn Welsh at school. In some schools other subjects ________ (teach) in Welsh, too.
Elizabeth. Ⅰ's armies conquered Ireland in the 16th century and it later became part of the United Kingdom. There were a lot of problems in Ireland in the 19th century and thousands of people moved to the USA. In the 1920s, the south achieved ________ (independent), but Northern Ireland is still part of the UK.
【答案】 A；largest；and；Being；cities；died；which；specially；are taught；independence
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国的历史，包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的议会和语言的来历等。
（1）考查冠词。句意：很多人称这个国家为“英格兰”，但这是不正确的。a large number of固定短语，“许多的，大量的”，故填A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：然而，这是英国最大的一部分。根据句意知此处为三者以上的比较，另外短形容词的最高级通常与the连用，可知应填形容词最高级。故填largest。
（3）考查连词。句意：英国有四个国家：英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。当三个以上名词出现时，最后两个名词之间用“and”连接，故填and。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个独立的国家，爱尔兰共和国不属于英国。分析句子结构可知be在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中应用现在分词作状语，故填Being。
（5）考查名词。句意：但是所有其他国家也有他们自己的小的首都城市。city为可数名词，根据主语是复数和句意可知应用复数形式。故填cities。
（6）考查时态。句意：但是那年英国女王伊丽莎白一世去世了。描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填died。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：1999年，苏格兰又有了自己的议会，可以就一些事情制定法律。本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰parliament，且从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（8）考查副词。句意：特别是在北方，许多威尔士人把威尔士语言作为母语来说。本句中“特别是在北方”，应用副词specially修饰介词短语。故填specially。
（9）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为subjects，故谓语动词应用复数。故填are taught。
（10）考查名词。根据上文achieve sth.“实现了某事”可知需要将independent变形为名词形式independence作宾语。故填independence。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，形容词，连词，非谓语动词，名词，时态，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题19 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was at a family restaurant, a chain type, ________ offers good food at low ________ (price) and often has specials. You tend to see older people dining there who may not otherwise be able to afford to dine out.
This particular day there was a couple, ________ (probable) in their 80's, in the row next to ________ (I). The story playing in my mind ________ (be) that they would be using their social security check to enjoy this night out.
So, when I ________ (finish) my meal, I went to the register ________ (pay). I then decided I would pay for this couple's meal as well. I had a SMILE card but chose not to on this occasion, as I did not want them to feel as though they had to pass it on, ________ (guess) that it was already difficult enough for them to just get by. I thanked the Divine that I am ________ (bless) enough to have been able to share a little something ________ this gentle couple.
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
An emotional reunion has been 75 years in the making. Two WWII ________ (survive), 87-year-old Morris Sana and 85-year-old Simon Mairowitz, are cousins ________grew up together in Romania. The boys had been the best friends until the war broke out in 1940, which led to both families ________ (flee) the country in separate directions.
Since the cousins had no way of communicating with each other after they fled their home nation, both of ________assumed that the other had fallen victim to the war. While Sana ended up settling down in Israel, Mairowitz and his family built a new home in the UK.
Decades later, Sana's daughter began using the Internet ________ (track) down and befriend all of her father's long-lost cousins and family members. When she told her dad that his beloved cousin ________ (find), a meeting between the two was set up. Sana's granddaughter Leetal Ofer recorded their reunion and published the footage to Facebook. In the video, Sana and Mairowitz are ________ (tearful) hugging each other and ________ (express) their gratitude for the meeting. Ofer later described the reunion ________one of the most moving things she had ever seen. “The war tore so many families apart and bringing them together in Israel is so ________ (magic) ,” she said.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kobe Bryant passed away in a helicopter crash five months ago. His fans were so heartbroken that they held various________ (activity) to honor him. Someone ''updated'' the superstar's social media ________ April 1 to promote his sports fantasy novel, The Wizenard Series: Season One, to his fans around ________ globe. The novel revolves (围绕) around basketball team, the West Bottom Badgers, and an incredible coach Rolabi, who ________(base) on Phil Jackson, the former coach of the Los Angeles Lakers.
''The book stems from (源于) my goal of bringing joy back to youth sports, while ________(teach) important life lessons.'' Bryant said in an interview before his death. Apart from referring to his ________ (person) basketball experiences, he also draws from the more basic and psychological truths in sports: teamwork, training, perseverance and mental toughness.
While the announcement may not have come ________ (direct) from Bryant, many fans are hoping that the fantastic novel ________(continue) his legacy. For many others, ________, it was Bryant's mentality that made him legendary (传奇的). ________ (know) as the ''Black Mamba'' for his passion, persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several names for Britain: Britain, Great Britain, the United Kingdom, and the UK. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: ________ large number of people call the country "England", but this is not correct. England is only one part of the UK. However, it is the ________ (large) part in the UK. There are four "countries" in the UK—England, Scotland, Wales ________ Northern Ireland. ________ (be) an independent country, the Republic of Ireland (or Eire) isn't part of the. UK.
London is the capital of the UK, as well as England, but all the other countries have their own smaller capital ________ (city), too.
Until 1603, Scotland and England were separate countries with their own monarchs (国王) and parliaments (国会). In that year, however, the English queen, Elizabeth I, ________ (die). She had no children, so James Ⅵ, the King of Scotland, became King James I of England. In 1999, Scotland got its own parliament again, ________ can make laws about some things.
The English king, Edward I, conquered Wales in the 13th century. Many people in Wales, ________ (special) in the north, speak Welsh as their first language and all children must learn Welsh at school. In some schools other subjects ________ (teach) in Welsh, too.
Elizabeth. Ⅰ's armies conquered Ireland in the 16th century and it later became part of the United Kingdom. There were a lot of problems in Ireland in the 19th century and thousands of people moved to the USA. In the 1920s, the south achieved ________ (independent), but Northern Ireland is still part of the UK.专题20 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.语法填空
In the long history of China, many things are more ________ (advance) than the rest of the world and liquor (酒) is one of them. In China, liquor brewed (酿造) from cereal grain has always been in the dominant position and liquor brewed from fruits accounts ________a small proportion only. Therefore, to explore the origin of liquor is ________ (main) to explore the origin of liquor brewed from cereal grain.
The history of liquor ________ (date) back to the Shanggu period. In Shiji Yinbenji (Historical Records), there was some record about liquor: "King Zhou made a liquor pool and ________ (hang) meat like a forest, drinking all night long. "In Shi Jing (The Book of Songs), there were some poems about liquor: "October is the time ________ (harvest) the grain to make liquor and people use the liquor to celebrate the longevity of ________senior". Those records indicated that liquor had a history of at least five thousand years.
According to some archaeological evidence, there were dedicated liquor tools among the Neolithic(新石器时代) potteries unearthed in modern times, ________showed that liquor brewing was rather popular in primitive society. After the Xia and Shang ________ (dynasty), there were more and more liquor-drinking vessels, ________ (indicate) that liquor drinking was prevalent at that time.
【答案】 advanced；for；mainly；dates；hung；to harvest；the；which；dynasties；indicating
【解析】
（1）考查形容词。Advanced，先进的。
例如The top secret documents had to do with the most advanced military equipment. ( http: / / dict. / example / advanced_%E5%85%88%E8%BF%9B%E7%9A%84 / " \o "点击发音 )
这些绝密文件涉及最先进的军事装备。
此处表示很多事情比前他国家先进，more +形容词表示比较级，先进的用advanced， 故填 advanced。
（2）考查介词。account for的中文意思为：对...负有责任、解释（某种事实或情况）、说明（某事）等。例句：Who will have to account for the misprints in the dictionary （谁来解释字典里的印刷错误）？此处表示水果酿的酒只占一小部分。account for固定短语，“占据”。故填 for。
（3）考查副词。此处表示探索酒的起源主要是探索谷物酿酒的起源。修饰动词用副词，故填 mainly。
（4）考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示酒的历史可以追溯到上古时期。此处为客观介绍，用一般现在时即可，所以用dates。主语为The history of liquor。故填 dates。
（5）考查时态。此处表示建了酒池，悬挂肉像森林一样，and 连接并列谓语，用一般过去时hung。故填 hung。
（6）考查非谓语动词。此处表示10月是个收获的季节，不定式作后置定语。故填 to harvest。
（7）考查冠词。此处表示纪念长者的长寿，年长者用the senior。故填the。
（8）考查定语从句。此处表示出土的精致的酒具和陶器表明在原始社会酿酒业很受欢迎。此处为定语从句，用which引导非限定性定语从句，在句中作主语。故填 which。
（9）考查名词。此处表示夏商之后，夏商是两个朝代，所以用复数。故填 dynasties。
（10）考查非谓语动词。此处表示越来越多的饮酒器皿表明饮酒在那时是盛行的。此处用现在分词。故填 indicating。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，介词，副词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Tuesday evening, Zhong Nanshan, a________ (lead) respiratory disease expert, was invited to participate in an online live broadcast hosted by Tencent to share his ________(late) views on COVID-19.
Chinese medicine________ (have) some certain effects on the________ (prevent) and control of COVID-19. For example, Lianhua Qingwen medicine might be a little weaker; against novel coronavirus pneumonia, but it has a good inhibitory effect on damage ________tissue cell inflammation ________ (cause) by the epidemic. And it's proved effective to reduce fever, cough, and speed up________ (recover). ________(consist) of five herbal extracts, Xuebijing, an injection developed and marketed during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003, can relieve symptoms and reduce the rate of fatalities. We can't judge ________ the Chinese medicine or western medicine treatment is effective just based on impressions, ________we can prove it according to medical methods.
【答案】 leading；latest；has；prevention；to；caused；recovery；Consisting；whether/ if；but
【解析】本文是是一篇说明文，介绍了首席呼吸疾病专家钟南山参加在线直播，分析了对Covid-19的一些最新看法。谈论了一些药物对新冠肺炎有疗效。同时介绍了连花清瘟胶囊和血必净两种药物。
（1）考查形容词。句意：周二晚上，首席呼吸疾病专家钟南山应邀参加了腾讯主持的在线直播，分享了他对Covid-19的最新看法。此空修饰expert，作定语，leading“主要的；首位的” 是形容词，根据句意，故填leading。
（2）考查形容词。句意：周二晚上，首席呼吸疾病专家钟南山应邀参加了腾讯主持的在线直播，分享了他对Covid-19的最新看法。根据句意，此处表示“最新的看法”，latest“最新的”，故填latest。
（3）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中药对Covid-19的预防和控制有一定的作用。主语Chinese medicine表示特指，是单数，故谓语动词用单数，且根据语境，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，故填 has。
（4）考查名词。冠词修饰名词，作介词宾语，故填prevention。
（5）考查介词。句意：例如，连花清瘟胶囊可能对新冠状病毒肺炎稍弱，但对因为流行病引起的组织细胞炎症损伤有良好的抑制作用。damage to...固定短语，“对……破坏”，故填to。
（6）考查非谓语动词。cause与其逻辑主语tissue cell inflammation是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，表示被动，故填caused。
（7）考查名词。句意：它被证明是有效的，减少发烧，咳嗽，并加快恢复。speed up固定短语，“加速”，后接名词作宾语，故填recovery。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：由五种草药提取物组成，血必净，一种在2003年严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)流行期间开发和销售的注射液，可以缓解症状，降低死亡率。consist of 与其逻辑主语Xuebijing之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，且置句首，单词首字母大写，故填Consisting。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意： 我们不能根据印象判断这些中药或者西药是否有效，但是我们可以根据医学方法来证明。根据语境可知，空格处引导宾语从句，whether/if“是否”，符合题意，故填whether/ if。
（10）考查连词。句意：我们不能根据印象判断这些中药或者西药是否有效，但是我们可以根据医学方法来证明。前后文是转折关系，故填but。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词。时态，主谓一致，名词，介词，非谓语动词，宾语从句，连词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词冤或括号内单词的正确形式)
Trash is a big problem. You do your part to reduce, reuse and recycle it. ________ is it enough
I do my part to recycle things and bring my bags for purchases, but I am far ________ producing zero waste. Recently a family of four in California talked about their zero — waste lifestyle on a television show which ________ (great) inspired me to some extent. The family live in a wealthy country. While ________ (raise) two children, Bea Johnson, the hostess ________ (determine) to live a zero —waste lifestyle since then.
Her children just pack their ________ (lunch) in bags which they can reuse the next day. They have simplified their lives so completely that they are able to pack up easily and spend ________ (extend) periods of time travelling and doing things they love. They are able to pay for the trips because they spend 40% ________ (little) on living expenses. They also rent their home while they are gone and give detailed instructions to the renters on ________ they can create a zero-waste lifestyle.
I'm happy about the achievement that they have gained; meanwhile I ________ (encourage) by their example to do more in the future.
【答案】 But；from；greatly；raising；has determined；lunches；extended；less；how；am encouraged
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者看到一个电视节目中一家四口零浪费的生活方式，激励作者为环境保护做更多的事情。
（1）考查连词。句意：你尽自己的一份力量来减少、再利用和循环利用它。但这就足够了吗 前后句之间为转折关系，所以用连词but连接。故填But。
（2）考查介词。句意：我尽我的一份力量来回收物品，带着我的购物袋，但我离零浪费还很远。far from固定短语，“远离”，故填from。
（3）考查副词。修饰动词inspired，用副词形式。故填greatly。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语hostess与raise之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填raising。
（5）考查时态。根据句中时间状语since then可知，用现在完成时。主语the hostess 是单数，所以谓语动词用has，故填has determined。
（6）考查名词。名词lunch为可数名词，根据their可知用复数形式。故填 lunches。
（7）考查形容词。修饰名词periods，前用形容词形式。extended表示“延长了的；扩展了的”。故填extended。
（8）考查副词。句意：他们能够支付旅行费用，因为他们在生活开支上少花了40%。结合句意可知，这里用little的比较级形式。故填less。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意：他们还会在外出时出租自己的房子，并就如何创造“零浪费”的生活方式向租户提供详细的指导。宾语从句中用how作方式状语。故填how。
（10）考查时态语态。句中主语I与动词encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。结合文章可知用一般现在时。故填 am encouraged。
【总结】本题考点涉及连词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，时态，名词，形容词，宾语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On paper, Laos seems to have all to attract international tourists. It owns mighty waterfalls, golden temples and nearly two dozen national parks.
But the land-locked country welcomed only 4. 2 million visitors in 2016—a small ________ (achieve) in comparison with its southeastern Asian neighbors. In that same year, there ________ (be) 32 million tourists in Thailand, 26. 8 million in Malaysia and over 10 million in Vietnam—all countries boasting their long and ________ (impress) beaches. As for Laos, its main problem is its lack of the three Ss—sun, sand and sea. ________, things seem to change now.
A high-speed rail link between Laos and China ________ (expect) to open in 2022, with the purpose of attracting more tourists.
The country is making a bold attempt to overcome this natural deficit by becoming the first foreign country to use Chinese technology, equipment and investment ________ (connect) with the giant nation's domestic fast and vast rail network.
If all goes as planned, Laos will be the first stop on one route of the Pan-Asia Railway, ________aim is to connect China with all of Southeast Asia. With trains ________ (run) at speeds of up to 125 miles per hour, the inconvenience of carrying both passengers and cargo in the mountainous areas will be overcome ________ (great).
If so, ________those who enjoy hiking, now it could, be the last chance to experience an undeveloped part of Southeast Asia before it joins its neighbors in boosting its tourism.
【答案】 achievement；were；impressive；However；is expected；to connect；whose；running；greatly；for
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，老挝地处内陆，但通过与中国在技术、设备和投资上的合作，借助泛亚铁路，它的旅游业将会迎来繁荣发展。
（1）考查名词。形容词small修饰名词，a后接单数可数名词，此空用单数可数名词。故填achievement。
（2）考查时态和主谓一致。In that same year指在2016年，句子时态为一般过去时，32 million tourists为复数，there be句型采取就近原则，应用were。故填were。
（3）考查形容词。名词beaches要形容词来修饰，和and前面的形容词long保持并列，此空用形容词形式。故填impressive。
（4）考查副词。句意：然而，现在情况似乎变了。。本句与前句“对老挝来说，主要的问题是缺乏太阳、沙子和海洋三大支柱。”是转折关系，应用副词However。故填However。
（5）考查时态语态。in 2022为将来的时间，可用一般现在时表将来，主语A high-speed rail link between Laos and China（单数），谓语也是单数，主语和动词expect是被动关系，要用一般现在时的被动语态is expected。故填is expected。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家正大胆尝试克服这一自然赤字，成为第一个利用中国技术、设备和投资来与中国这个国家国内快速而庞大的铁路网连接的外国。，此处表目的，要用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to connect。
（7）考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Pan-Asia Railway，和从句的名词aim构成所属关系，做名词aim的定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
（8）考查非谓语动词。此处是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构，trains和run是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填running。
（9）考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词be overcome，副词修饰动词，故填greatly。
（10）考查介词。句意：如果是这样的话，对于那些喜欢徒步旅行的人来说，现在可能是在它加入邻国促进旅游业之前，体验东南亚欠发达地区的最后一次机会。此处表“对于某人来说”，还原此句为now it could be the last chance those for who enjoy hiking to experience an undeveloped part of Southeast Asia使用了固定句型it be +名词+ for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说，干某事……”。故填for。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，时态，主谓一致，形容词，副词，语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
就约定了会面。根据a meeting between the two was set up可知此处要用过去完成时，表示已经找到，且由his beloved cousin 与find之间是被动关系，因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been found。
（7）考查副词。句意：在视频中，萨纳和迈罗维茨含泪拥抱在一起，表达他们对这次会面的感激之情。根据谓语动词are hugging可知此处要用副词，修饰谓语动词。故填tearfully。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频中，萨纳和迈罗维茨含泪拥抱在一起，表达他们对这次会面的感激之情。根据连词and 可知此处是并列的动作，由谓语动词are hugging可知此处用v-ing形式。故填expressing。
（9）考查介词。句意：奥弗后来形容这次团聚是她见过的最感人的事情之一。describe…as …固定短语，“描述……为……”，故填as。
（10）考查形容词。句意：她说：“战争撕裂了那么多家庭，让他们在以色列团聚是多么神奇。”根据 is so可知此处要用形容词作表语。故填magical。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，定语从句，非谓语动词，代词，时态语态，副词，介词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kobe Bryant passed away in a helicopter crash five months ago. His fans were so heartbroken that they held various________ (activity) to honor him. Someone ''updated'' the superstar's social media ________ April 1 to promote his sports fantasy novel, The Wizenard Series: Season One, to his fans around ________ globe. The novel revolves (围绕) around basketball team, the West Bottom Badgers, and an incredible coach Rolabi, who ________(base) on Phil Jackson, the former coach of the Los Angeles Lakers.
''The book stems from (源于) my goal of bringing joy back to youth sports, while ________(teach) important life lessons.'' Bryant said in an interview before his death. Apart from referring to his ________ (person) basketball experiences, he also draws from the more basic and psychological truths in sports: teamwork, training, perseverance and mental toughness.
While the announcement may not have come ________ (direct) from Bryant, many fans are hoping that the fantastic novel ________(continue) his legacy. For many others, ________, it was Bryant's mentality that made him legendary (传奇的). ________ (know) as the ''Black Mamba'' for his passion, persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world.
【答案】 activities；on；the；is based；teaching；personal；directly；will continue；however / nevertheless；Known
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科比去世后，他的球迷举行各种活动来纪念他。4月1日有人更新了他的社交媒体，向球迷宣布了关于他的体育传奇小说The Wizenard Series: Season One。很多球迷希望可以通过这本书延续科比的传奇，但有人也认为让科比成为传奇的是他的精神。
（1）考查名词。activity“活动”是可数名词，根据various判断此处用复数形式，故填activities。
（2）考查介词。根据April 1判断此处应填介词on，on April 1“在四月1日”，故填on。
（3）考查冠词。around the globe固定短语，“全世界”，故填the。
（4）考查时态语态。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who代指先行词coach Rolabi，是第三人称单数，且和base之间是被动关系，根据上文的revolves判断此处为一般现在时，故填is based。
（5）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词和while一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语the book和teach之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填teaching。
（6）考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词词组basketball experience，故填personal。
（7）考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词come，故填directly。
（8）考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知continue发生在将来，且主句是现在进行时，故用一般将来时，故填will continue。
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，对于其他很多人来说，让科比成为传奇人物的是他的精神。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，故填however/nevertheless。
（10）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Bryant和know之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填Known。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，介词，冠词，时态语态，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several names for Britain: Britain, Great Britain, the United Kingdom, and the UK. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: ________ large number of people call the country "England", but this is not correct. England is only one part of the UK. However, it is the ________ (large) part in the UK. There are four "countries" in the UK—England, Scotland, Wales ________ Northern Ireland. ________ (be) an independent country, the Republic of Ireland (or Eire) isn't part of the. UK.
London is the capital of the UK, as well as England, but all the other countries have their own smaller capital ________ (city), too.
Until 1603, Scotland and England were separate countries with their own monarchs (国王) and parliaments (国会). In that year, however, the English queen, Elizabeth I, ________ (die). She had no children, so James Ⅵ, the King of Scotland, became King James I of England. In 1999, Scotland got its own parliament again, ________ can make laws about some things.
The English king, Edward I, conquered Wales in the 13th century. Many people in Wales, ________ (special) in the north, speak Welsh as their first language and all children must learn Welsh at school. In some schools other subjects ________ (teach) in Welsh, too.
Elizabeth. Ⅰ's armies conquered Ireland in the 16th century and it later became part of the United Kingdom. There were a lot of problems in Ireland in the 19th century and thousands of people moved to the USA. In the 1920s, the south achieved ________ (independent), but Northern Ireland is still part of the UK.
【答案】 A；largest；and；Being；cities；died；which；specially；are taught；independence
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国的历史，包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的议会和语言的来历等。
（1）考查冠词。句意：很多人称这个国家为“英格兰”，但这是不正确的。a large number of固定短语，“许多的，大量的”，故填A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：然而，这是英国最大的一部分。根据句意知此处为三者以上的比较，另外短形容词的最高级通常与the连用，可知应填形容词最高级。故填largest。
（3）考查连词。句意：英国有四个国家：英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。当三个以上名词出现时，最后两个名词之间用“and”连接，故填and。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个独立的国家，爱尔兰共和国不属于英国。分析句子结构可知be在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中应用现在分词作状语，故填Being。
（5）考查名词。句意：但是所有其他国家也有他们自己的小的首都城市。city为可数名词，根据主语是复数和句意可知应用复数形式。故填cities。
（6）考查时态。句意：但是那年英国女王伊丽莎白一世去世了。描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填died。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：1999年，苏格兰又有了自己的议会，可以就一些事情制定法律。本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰parliament，且从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（8）考查副词。句意：特别是在北方，许多威尔士人把威尔士语言作为母语来说。本句中“特别是在北方”，应用副词specially修饰介词短语。故填specially。
（9）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为subjects，故谓语动词应用复数。故填are taught。
（10）考查名词。根据上文achieve sth.“实现了某事”可知需要将independent变形为名词形式independence作宾语。故填independence。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，形容词，连词，非谓语动词，名词，时态，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题20 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.语法填空
In the long history of China, many things are more ________ (advance) than the rest of the world and liquor (酒) is one of them. In China, liquor brewed (酿造) from cereal grain has always been in the dominant position and liquor brewed from fruits accounts ________a small proportion only. Therefore, to explore the origin of liquor is ________ (main) to explore the origin of liquor brewed from cereal grain.
The history of liquor ________ (date) back to the Shanggu period. In Shiji Yinbenji (Historical Records), there was some record about liquor: "King Zhou made a liquor pool and ________ (hang) meat like a forest, drinking all night long. "In Shi Jing (The Book of Songs), there were some poems about liquor: "October is the time ________ (harvest) the grain to make liquor and people use the liquor to celebrate the longevity of ________senior". Those records indicated that liquor had a history of at least five thousand years.
According to some archaeological evidence, there were dedicated liquor tools among the Neolithic(新石器时代) potteries unearthed in modern times, ________showed that liquor brewing was rather popular in primitive society. After the Xia and Shang ________ (dynasty), there were more and more liquor-drinking vessels, ________ (indicate) that liquor drinking was prevalent at that time.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Tuesday evening, Zhong Nanshan, a________ (lead) respiratory disease expert, was invited to participate in an online live broadcast hosted by Tencent to share his ________(late) views on COVID-19.
Chinese medicine________ (have) some certain effects on the________ (prevent) and control of COVID-19. For example, Lianhua Qingwen medicine might be a little weaker; against novel coronavirus pneumonia, but it has a good inhibitory effect on damage ________tissue cell inflammation ________ (cause) by the epidemic. And it's proved effective to reduce fever, cough, and speed up________ (recover). ________(consist) of five herbal extracts, Xuebijing, an injection developed and marketed during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003, can relieve symptoms and reduce the rate of fatalities. We can't judge ________ the Chinese medicine or western medicine treatment is effective just based on impressions, ________we can prove it according to medical methods.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词冤或括号内单词的正确形式)
Trash is a big problem. You do your part to reduce, reuse and recycle it. ________ is it enough
I do my part to recycle things and bring my bags for purchases, but I am far ________ producing zero waste. Recently a family of four in California talked about their zero — waste lifestyle on a television show which ________ (great) inspired me to some extent. The family live in a wealthy country. While ________ (raise) two children, Bea Johnson, the hostess ________ (determine) to live a zero —waste lifestyle since then.
Her children just pack their ________ (lunch) in bags which they can reuse the next day. They have simplified their lives so completely that they are able to pack up easily and spend ________ (extend) periods of time travelling and doing things they love. They are able to pay for the trips because they spend 40% ________ (little) on living expenses. They also rent their home while they are gone and give detailed instructions to the renters on ________ they can create a zero-waste lifestyle.
I'm happy about the achievement that they have gained; meanwhile I ________ (encourage) by their example to do more in the future.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On paper, Laos seems to have all to attract international tourists. It owns mighty waterfalls, golden temples and nearly two dozen national parks.
But the land-locked country welcomed only 4. 2 million visitors in 2016—a small ________ (achieve) in comparison with its southeastern Asian neighbors. In that same year, there ________ (be) 32 million tourists in Thailand, 26. 8 million in Malaysia and over 10 million in Vietnam—all countries boasting their long and ________ (impress) beaches. As for Laos, its main problem is its lack of the three Ss—sun, sand and sea. ________, things seem to change now.
A high-speed rail link between Laos and China ________ (expect) to open in 2022, with the purpose of attracting more tourists.
The country is making a bold attempt to overcome this natural deficit by becoming the first foreign country to use Chinese technology, equipment and investment ________ (connect) with the giant nation's domestic fast and vast rail network.
If all goes as planned, Laos will be the first stop on one route of the Pan-Asia Railway, ________aim is to connect China with all of Southeast Asia. With trains ________ (run) at speeds of up to 125 miles per hour, the inconvenience of carrying both passengers and cargo in the mountainous areas will be overcome ________ (great).
If so, ________those who enjoy hiking, now it could, be the last chance to experience an undeveloped part of Southeast Asia before it joins its neighbors in boosting its tourism.
