专题26 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
How are you getting along with your senior high school It may be hard or you as this is the first time that you ________ (leave) your parents. You may often feel lonely and anxious, having trouble ________ (communicate) with others. That's because you are new here ________ people don't know about you. But I think you can overcome the difficulty ________ you follow the advice below.
First, you should take ________ active part in the discussion and show your own opinions, and at the same time, learn to listen to other people's views ________ (careful). Second, you should learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes to get familiar ________ them, Only in this way can you get to know more different people and show them that you are just as ________ (friend). Last but not least, join in more after-class activities which will help you make more friends and enrich your school life.
There's no need ________ (worry) too much. As long as you have ________ (confident) in yourself, you can adjust to the new life quickly.
【答案】 have left；communicating；and；if；an；carefully；with；friendly；to worry；confidence
【解析】
（1）考查时态。his is the first time+定语从句 ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=%E5%AE%9A%E8%AF%AD%E4%BB%8E%E5%8F%A5&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank )，时态用现在完成时 ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%8C%E6%88%90%E6%97%B6&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank )。
意思：第一次做某事；
例句：
1、For the young generation, aged 20 to 24, this is the first time we’ve had this, ” said Valdis Zatlers, Latvia’s president.
“对于20到24岁的年轻一代来说，这是我们第一次经历这样的萧条。”拉脱维亚总统扎特莱尔斯说。
2、As Nature reports, this is the first time an academic journal has forced its authors to disseminate information this way.
《自然》杂志称，这是首次一份学术杂志强制要求作者以这种方式传播信息。
此处是“this is the first time+that从句”句型，在这个句型中，that从句应用现在完成时，故填have left。
（2）考查非谓语动词。have trouble doing sth.固定短语，“做某事有困难”，故填communicating。
（3）考查连词。空处前后表示并列关系，应用and。
（4）考查状语从句。句意：但是我认为如果你遵循下面的建议，你就能克服困难。，此处if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
（5）考查冠词。take an active part in…固定短语，“积极参与.......”，故填an 。
（6）考查副词。设空处修饰动词listen作状语，应用副词，故填carefully。
（7）考查介词。get familiar with…固定短语，“熟悉……”，，故填with。
（8）考查形容词。设空处形容词作表语，表示“友好的”，故填friendly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。There's no need (for sb.) to do sth.固定句式，“ (某人) 不必做某事”，故填to worry。
（10）考查名词。have confidence in…固定短语，“对……有信心”，故填confidence。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，连词，状语从句，冠词，副词，介词，形容词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Brenda Bongos was an enthusiastic girl ________ dream was to play the drums in a band. But one big problem________ (lie) in her way. To be good enough ________ (play) in a band, she had to practise a lot, but she lived next-door to a lot of old people who she could not afford to annoy (惹恼).One day, while she ________ (watch) a science programme on TV, Bongos learned that sound can not travel in space, because there's no air. She ________ (immediate) decided to become a sort of musical astronaut.
________the help of a lot of time, books and work, Bongos built a big glass ball connected to a machine which sucked out (吸出) all the air inside so that no sound could escape from ________.Wearing the special space suit, she entered ________ glass ball and played those drums like a wild child. Months ________ (late), her invention was so famous that the government even suggested her ________ (take) part in a real space journey.
【答案】 whose；lay；to play；was watching；immediately；With；it；the；later；taking
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，Brenda Bongos喜打鼓但又怕鼓声影响到邻居，受电视节目的启发于是发明了一个隔音的大玻璃球，她可以在里面练习打鼓别人又听不到声音。
（1）考查定语从句。 dream was to play the drums in a band.是限制性定语从句，先行词girl和定语从句中的dream之间是所属关系，表示“…的”，故用关系代词 whose，因此答案为whose。
（2）考查时态。全文使用了一般过去时，所以此处的谓语动词用1ie的过去式，故填lay。
（3）考查非谓语动词。adj./ad.+enough to do sth，固定句式，“足以......做.....”，不定式作结果状语，故填 o play。
（4）考查时态。根据语境可知，当Bongos看电视上的科学节目时，她知道了声音在太空中是不能传播的。vhile后面的从句可以用进行时，表示动作正在进行，故填was watching。
（5）考查副词。修饰动词decided要用副词，故填immediately。
（6）考查介词。with the help of 固定短语，“在……的帮助下”，故填With。
（7）考查代词。根据句意可知，此处指上文出现的a big glass bal1，故填it。
（8）考查冠词。上文出现过的名词，再次提到时用定冠词表示特指，故填the。
（9）考查副词。Later 指“后来，稍后”。“时间段+later”表示“多久以后”，故填later。
（10）考查非谓语动词。suggest (sb.) doing sth.固定短语，“建议 (某人) 做某事”。故填taking。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，非谓语动词，副词，介词，代词，冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you can dream it, you can do it. American Dream is the idea that anyone can become successful. There are lots of ________ (story) about American Dream—Here is one of them.
Andrew Carnegie was born in Scotland, UK, in 1835. He moved to America at the age of 13 with a few dollars. But by 1900, he________ (own) millions of dollars. It seemed that he was a man ________was born with the ability to do business.
When he arrived there, he started working in a small factory, ________ (make) just $ 1.20 a week. But he behaved________ (excellent) and impressed his boss deeply. So he got lots of chances in the factory. Then, he ________ (offer) a job in a railways station. While there, he was promoted for ________ (he) good work.
________, it was during the 1870s that Carnegie really began to make his luck. Then he built his fast steel company in 1892. In 1901, it became one of the________ (big) company in the world.
After Carnegie became a millionaire, he was known for giving away a large number of money ________ (help) the poor. He also wrote a number of books to make people know more about the history of America.
【答案】 stories；owned；who/that；making；excellently；was offered；his；However；biggest；to help
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了安德鲁·卡内基是如何实现美国梦的。
（1）考查名词。story为可数名词，根据lots of可知这里表达的是复数意义，要用其复数形式，故填stories。
（2）考查时态。根据时间状语by 1900可知事情发生在过去，时态要用一般过去时，own与主语之间是主动关系。故填owned。
（3）考查定语从句。 was born with the ability to do business.是限定性定语从句，缺一个引导词。先行词a man指人，引导词在句中做主语，应该用who/that引导这个定语从句，故填who/that。
（4）考查非谓语动词。make与逻辑主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系，要用其现在分词形式。故填making。
（5）考查副词。修饰动词behaved要用副词。故填excellently。
（6）考查语态，时态和主谓一致。分析可知offer在句中作谓语动词。这一段都在讲过去发生的事情，这里要用一般过去时。offer与主语he之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，he为第三人称单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故填was offered。
（7）考查代词。句意：在那里，他因他的 出色工作而得到提升。根据句意，这里要表达的是“他的”出色的工作，故填his。
（8）考查副词。根据上文“While there, he was promoted for 7 (he) good work.” 可知卡内基在火车站因为工作出色而得到了提升；再根据下文“it was during the 1870s that Carnegie really began to make his luck.”可知直到19世纪70年代卡内基才真正开始走运。前后文为转折关系，故填However。
（9）考查形容词。句意：1901年，它成为世界上最大的9家公司之一。空格处修饰company要填形容词。one of一般接形容词的最高级形式，并且结合句意，这里要表达的是“最大的9家公司之一”，故此处要填big的最高级形式。故填 biggest。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：卡内基成为百万富翁后，他以捐赠大量金钱来帮助穷人而闻名。根据句意可知 (help) the poor是卡内基捐赠一大笔钱的目的，所以用动词不定式做目的状语，故填to help。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，语态，代词，形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）和括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays when ________ (face) with health or nutrition (营养) questions, people ________ (probable) turn to the Internet for diagnosis. But ________they get online may be some wrong advice and some conflicting health warnings, some of ________are extremely dangerous! In addition, search engines show clicking rates ________looking into popularity rather than accuracy (准确). So solid facts can not be easy to find. It is well worth________ (check) whether the writer of an online piece of advice is qualified as an expert. After all, anyone can call themselves ________ diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized practicing doctors and dietitians (营养学家) have rights to give medical ________ (suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering if the chocolate diet really ________ (do) work or not, you'd better pay to make an appointment with your dietitians or doctor. Go to the right place, ________you can not find the truth there waiting to be seen.
【答案】 faced；probably；what；which；by；checking；a；suggestions；does；or
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时，他们会直接去百度搜索，自我诊断。这其实是不科学的，因为搜索引擎的结果是按照受欢迎的程度而不是按照准确性来排序的。因此百度不是医生，遇到问题，最好和医生预约。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们面对健康或营养问题时，人们可能求助于网络诊断。此处是时间状语从句的省略，完整结构是When people are faced with health or nutrition questions，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词，可以将主语和be动词一起省略，故填faced。
（2）考查副词。空处修饰动词短语turn to，应使用副词形式，故填probably。
（3）考查主语从句。句意：但是他们从网上得到的可能是错误的建议和有冲突的健康警告，其中有一些极度危险。此处引导一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“得到的东西”，应使用what引导，故填what。
（4）考查定语从句。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是some wrong advice and some conflicting health warnings，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应使用which引导，故填which。
（5）考查介词。句意：此外，搜索引擎是通过调查受欢迎程度而不是准确性来展示点击率。此处表示“通过”，应使用介词by，故填by。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：写建议 的 作者是否有资格成为专家值得检验。be worth doing sth.固定短语，“值得做……”，故填checking。
（7）考查冠词。句意：毕竟，每个人都能自称饮食专家，甚至是医生。expert是可数名词，此处泛指“一位饮食专家”，diet首字母的发音为辅音音素，故其前用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
（8）考查名词。句意：但是记住，只有官方认证的实践医生和营养学家有权利给出医学建议。根据空前的形容词medical可知，空处应填名词suggestion，是可数名词，此处指不止一个建议，应该用复数形式，故填suggestions。
（9）考查强调句。句意：所以如果你不确定，仍然想知道巧克力饮食是否真的起作用，你最好和你的营养学家或者医生预约。此处是助动词表示强调，此处是一般现在时，主语the chocolate diet是单数，所以使用第三人称单数形式does，故填does。
（10）考查连词。句意：去正确的地方，否则你就找不到真相。此处是固定句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”，or表示“否则”，故填or。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，主语从句，定语从句，介词，冠词，名词，强调句以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题26 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
How are you getting along with your senior high school It may be hard or you as this is the first time that you ________ (leave) your parents. You may often feel lonely and anxious, having trouble ________ (communicate) with others. That's because you are new here ________ people don't know about you. But I think you can overcome the difficulty ________ you follow the advice below.
First, you should take ________ active part in the discussion and show your own opinions, and at the same time, learn to listen to other people's views ________ (careful). Second, you should learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes to get familiar ________ them, Only in this way can you get to know more different people and show them that you are just as ________ (friend). Last but not least, join in more after-class activities which will help you make more friends and enrich your school life.
There's no need ________ (worry) too much. As long as you have ________ (confident) in yourself, you can adjust to the new life quickly.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Brenda Bongos was an enthusiastic girl ________ dream was to play the drums in a band. But one big problem________ (lie) in her way. To be good enough ________ (play) in a band, she had to practise a lot, but she lived next-door to a lot of old people who she could not afford to annoy (惹恼).One day, while she ________ (watch) a science programme on TV, Bongos learned that sound can not travel in space, because there's no air. She ________ (immediate) decided to become a sort of musical astronaut.
________the help of a lot of time, books and work, Bongos built a big glass ball connected to a machine which sucked out (吸出) all the air inside so that no sound could escape from ________.Wearing the special space suit, she entered ________ glass ball and played those drums like a wild child. Months ________ (late), her invention was so famous that the government even suggested her ________ (take) part in a real space journey.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you can dream it, you can do it. American Dream is the idea that anyone can become successful. There are lots of ________ (story) about American Dream—Here is one of them.
Andrew Carnegie was born in Scotland, UK, in 1835. He moved to America at the age of 13 with a few dollars. But by 1900, he________ (own) millions of dollars. It seemed that he was a man ________was born with the ability to do business.
When he arrived there, he started working in a small factory, ________ (make) just $ 1.20 a week. But he behaved________ (excellent) and impressed his boss deeply. So he got lots of chances in the factory. Then, he ________ (offer) a job in a railways station. While there, he was promoted for ________ (he) good work.
________, it was during the 1870s that Carnegie really began to make his luck. Then he built his fast steel company in 1892. In 1901, it became one of the________ (big) company in the world.
After Carnegie became a millionaire, he was known for giving away a large number of money ________ (help) the poor. He also wrote a number of books to make people know more about the history of America.
4.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）和括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays when ________ (face) with health or nutrition (营养) questions, people ________ (probable) turn to the Internet for diagnosis. But ________they get online may be some wrong advice and some conflicting health warnings, some of ________are extremely dangerous! In addition, search engines show clicking rates ________looking into popularity rather than accuracy (准确). So solid facts can not be easy to find. It is well worth________ (check) whether the writer of an online piece of advice is qualified as an expert. After all, anyone can call themselves ________ diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized practicing doctors and dietitians (营养学家) have rights to give medical ________ (suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering if the chocolate diet really ________ (do) work or not, you'd better pay to make an appointment with your dietitians or doctor. Go to the right place, ________you can not find the truth there waiting to be seen.专题27 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The three Gorges Dam has been built ________ (control) flooding and provide hydro-electric power. The dam, nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide, is the ________ (large) hydro-electric power station and dam in the world. It will generate as ________electricity as about 40 million tons of coal ________causing so much air pollution, ________ (make) Mao Zedong's dream come true.
The reservoir has flooded 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more ________ 4,000 villages. Over a million people ________ (rebuild) their homes in other places up to now. The project has flooded some of China's most famous ________ (history) sites, some of ________ are being removed and some ________ (put) into museums.
【答案】 to control；largest；much；without；making；than；have rebuilt；historical；which；are being put
【解析】
（1）考查非谓语动词。n.影响力;控制;支配;指挥;管理;对照;指挥员;
v.指挥;管理;监督;考虑;控制;[例句]
Matters were taken out of his control by the precipitancy of his commander. ( https: / / www. / javascript:void(0); )
长官的轻率使他失去对事态的控制。
[变形]
过去分词：controlled ( https: / / fanyi. / keyword=controlled&fr=websearch_submit&from=en&to=zh-CHS" \t "https: / / www. / _blank )现在分词：controlling ( https: / / fanyi. / keyword=controlling&fr=websearch_submit&from=en&to=zh-CHS" \t "https: / / www. / _blank )
句意：建造三峡大坝是为了控制洪水和提供水力发电。此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to control。
（2）考查形容词。句意：大坝高近200米，宽1.5公里，是世界上最大的水电站和大坝。结合句意表示“世界上最大的”，应用形容词最高级largest。故填largest。
（3）考查形容词。句意：它将产生多达4000万吨煤的电力，而不会造成如此大的空气污染，这使毛泽东的梦想成为了现实。修饰后文不可数名词electricity，应用形容词much。as much...as固定短语，“多达”。故填much。
（4）考查介词。结合句意表示“不会，没有”，应用介词without。故填without。
（5）考查非谓语动词。make且与逻辑主语It构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填making。
（6）考查固定短语。句意：水库已经淹没了2个城市、11个县、140个镇和超过4000个村庄。more than固定短语，“多于，超过”，故填than。
（7）考查时态。根据时间状语up to now可知，应用现在完成时，主语为people，助动词应用have。故填have rebuilt。
（8）考查形容词。修饰名词sites，应用形容词historical表示“历史遗迹”。故填historical。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：这个项目淹没了中国一些最著名的历史遗迹，其中一些正在被移除，一些正在被放入博物馆。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句，修饰sites，且作介词of的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
（10）考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据上文are being removed and可知此处为and连接的并列结构，前后文时态语态一致，从句中谓语动词与sites构成被动关系，且表示“正在被……”，应用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语动词与sites保持一致用复数形式。故填are being put。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，介词，时态，形容词，定语从句以及主谓一致等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone would have success if it ________ (be) free. But there are few successful individuals and each of them had put in enough productive work ________ they received anything in return. While working hard on what you believe in, you're understanding its true value. You begin to respect the work itself, to build some ________ (exception) qualities along the way, and to learn important life lessons during it.
There is a popular ________ (believe) that in the beginning of your journey, you aren't ready to handle the success and all the responsibilities that come together with it. But earning it with sweat and sacrifices ________ (prepare) you for that. So the hard work, together with the time it takes, is ________ must on your journey to success. It makes you who you have to turn into ________ (live) the better life that's waiting for you. What's more, the harder you work on your dream, the more confident you become.
Hard work gives you a purpose — it helps you to be patient, to take action instead of waiting ________ (mere) for things to happen, to stop blaming yourself or others and take responsibility for anything you have or don't have in your life.
Now that you know all this about hard work, never ________ (question) its power. Instead, create your strategy, make a step-by-step plan and take the first step towards success no later than today. Your hard work will ________ doubt pay off!
【答案】 were；before；exceptional；belief；prepares；a；to live；merely；question；without/beyond
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了一个人如何“成功”。努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的一切承担责任。你的努力一定会有回报的!
（1）考查虚拟语气。句意：如果它是免费的，每个人都会成功。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，则if非真实条件句中用一般过去时态，be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were，故填were。
（2）考查状语从句。句意：但是成功的人很少，他们每个人在得到任何回报之前都已经投入了足够多的生产性工作。结合句意此处是before引导的时间状语从句，故填before。
（3）考查形容词。句意：你开始尊重工作本身，在工作的过程中培养一些特别的品质，并从中学到重要的人生经验。此处qualities“品质”是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词exception“例外”是名词，其形容词是exceptional“异常的，例外的”，故填exceptional。
（4）考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，在你人生旅程的开始，你还没有准备好迎接成功以及随之而来的所有责任。此处popular“受欢迎的”是形容词，修饰名词，故填belief。
（5）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但用汗水和牺牲换来它是为你做好准备的。这里在说一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且动名词作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填prepares。
（6）考查冠词。句意：因此，在通往成功的 道路上，努力工作和时间是必须的。此处must是名词，是抽象名词具体化，a must表示“必备的知识或技能”。故填a。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了过上正在等你的更好生活，它会让你成为你必须变成的人。此处是动词不定式做目的状语。故填to live。
（8）考场副词。句意：努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的一切承担责任。此处副词修饰动词，故填merely。
（9）考查祈使句。句意：既然你知道这些关于努力工作的事，就不要怀疑它的力量。此处是now that引导的原因状语从句，主句是否定祈使句，never已经给出，所给词question是动词，意思是“怀疑”，所以这里用动词原形，故填question。
（10）考查介词。句意：你的努力一定会有回报的!without/beyond doubt固定短语，“毋庸置疑”。故填without/beyond。
【总结】本题考点涉及虚拟语气，状语从句，形容词，名词，时态，主谓一致，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，祈使句以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Speaking of extreme sports, what come into our mind are________ (activity) full of excitement and adventure .Extreme sports can offer you the freedom of________ (challenge) yourself physically and psychologically (在心理上) to perform feats (壮举)or even make you feel sick. As a result, many people regard extreme sports, like bungee jumping, ________a special attempt (尝试) rather than a kind of sport.
However, in my opinion, getting involved in an extreme sport is ________ great way, not only to have fun, but also to keep a healthy body ________ (weigh). Extreme sports can push your body's limits, so you'll be able to bum extra calories and many extreme sports require you ________ (use) all your muscles.
Another benefit of practicing extreme sports________ (be) that you will be in shape. Exercising has always been great for the human body. Try something________ (wonder) instead and feel that you are alive. Being in good shape is a sign of a healthy lifestyle, ________is based on a healthy diet and lots of exercising. Extreme sports ________ (equip) with all kinds of features and characters that sports should have.
【答案】 activities；challenging；as；a；weight；to use；is；wonderful；which；are equipped
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了极限运动，作者认为参加极限运动是一个很好的方式，不仅有乐趣，而且可以保持健康的体重。极限运动的另一个好处是你可以保持体形。极限运动具有运动应有的各种特征和特点。
（1）考查名词。activity为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，be动词are是复数，故应用复数形式。故填activities。
（2）考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词，后跟动名词短语作宾语。故填challenging。
（3）考查介词。句意：因此，许多人将极限运动如蹦极，视为一种特殊的尝试，而不是一种运动。regard as固定短语，“将……视为”，故填as。
（4）考查冠词。way为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，且great为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
（5）考查名词。句意：然而，在我看来，参加极限运动是一个很好的方式，不仅有乐趣，而且保持健康的体重。根据上文a healthy body可知应填名词weight，作宾语，故填weight。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：极限运动会让你的身体达到极限，所以你会消耗额外的卡路里，而且许多极限运动需要你动用全身肌肉。require sb. to do sth.固定短语，“需要某人做某事”，故填to use。
（7）考查主谓一致。此处描述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为Another benefit，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，填is。
（8）考查形容词。句意：尝试一些美好的事情，感觉你还活着。修饰不定代词something，表示“美好的事情”，应用形容词wonderful作后置定语。故填wonderful。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：身材好是健康生活方式的标志，而健康生活方式的基础是健康的饮食和许多的运动。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词healthy lifestyle，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
（10）考查时态语态。句意：极限运动具有运动应有的各种特征和特点。be equipped with固定短语，“具有”，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为Extreme sports，谓语动词用复数。故填are equipped。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，冠词，主谓一致，形容词，定语从句以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇知识类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Chinese tea gains popularity in B&R countries
Huang Shenghui, an inheritor (继承者) of the Wuyi rock tea-making technique in eastern China's Fujian Province,________ (see) his business, especially tea exports,________ (grow) in recent years.
He now sells Wuyi rock tea, a type of oolong tea, to 10 countries________ (include) Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Britain, the United States and Australia.
His success all started nearly twenty years ago________ Huang went to Kuala Lumpur with 30kg of tea in 2001." It was like an adventure since I had never been abroad and didn't know________ foreign languages. I was afraid," he said.
________ his surprise, the rock tea he brought turned out to be popular in Malaysia, and he soon sold ________. "I got my first bucket of gold, and more________ (important), I found a new market," he said.
Tea trade played an important role on the ancient lands and maritime Silk Road. Today, under the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) ________ (advise) in 2013, more and more Chinese tea companies________(seek) opportunities abroad.
【答案】 has seen；grow；including；when；any；To；out；importantly；advised；are seeking
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了黄胜辉是中国东部福建省武夷岩制茶技术的继承者。近年来，他的业务，特别是茶叶出口不断增长。在“一带一路”倡议下，越来越多的中国茶叶公司正在海外寻求机会。
（1）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：黄胜辉是中国东部福建省武夷岩制茶技术的继承者，近年来他的业务，特别是茶叶出口不断增长。根据时间状语in recent years可知,本句谓语动词see需要使用现在完成时，且主语Huang Shenghui是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has seen。
（2）考查非谓语动词。所填词语在句子中作谓语动词see的宾语补足语，故应使用省去to的动词不定式，构成see sb. do sth.结构，表示看到了全过程。故填grow。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：他现在将武夷岩茶(一种乌龙茶)销往包括马来西亚、韩国、英国、美国和澳大利亚等在内的10个国家。分析句子结构可知，这里应该使用由include转化而来的特殊介词including，该介词意为“包括”。故填including。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：他的成功始于差不多二十年前,当时黄先生于2001年带着30公斤茶去吉隆坡。分析句子结构可知,这是一个主从复合句，空白处后面的部分为修饰先行词two decades ago 的定语从句，关系词在定语从句中时间状语,故填关系副词when。
（5）考查代词。句意：他说：“这就像是一次冒险，因为我从未出过国，也不懂任何外语。我很害怕。”根据句意可知，本句的后半部分表示全部否定，故这里应填入不定代词any, any 用于否定句中表示全部否定，表示“不懂任何外语”。故填any。
（6）考查介词。句意：令他惊讶的是，他带来的岩茶在马来西亚很受欢迎，很快就卖光了。to one's surprise固定短语，“令某人惊讶的是”，故填To。
（7）考查副词。sell out固定短语，“卖光”。故填out。
（8）考查副词。句意：我得到了第一桶金，更重要的是,我找到了一个新市场。more importantly通常用于句中作独立成分,意为“更重要的是” 。故填importantly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，在2013年提出的“一带一路”倡议下，越来越多的中国茶叶公司正在海外寻求机会。“一带一路”和“提出”之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语作定语，修饰其前面的名词短语“the Belt and Road Initiative” 。故填advised。
（10）考查时态。根据句子中的时间状语Today可知，谓语动词应使用现在进行时，表示正在发生，正在进行的动作。故填are seeking。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，定语从句，代词，介词，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题27 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The three Gorges Dam has been built ________ (control) flooding and provide hydro-electric power. The dam, nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide, is the ________ (large) hydro-electric power station and dam in the world. It will generate as ________electricity as about 40 million tons of coal ________causing so much air pollution, ________ (make) Mao Zedong's dream come true.
The reservoir has flooded 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more ________ 4,000 villages. Over a million people ________ (rebuild) their homes in other places up to now. The project has flooded some of China's most famous ________ (history) sites, some of ________ are being removed and some ________ (put) into museums.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone would have success if it ________ (be) free. But there are few successful individuals and each of them had put in enough productive work ________ they received anything in return. While working hard on what you believe in, you're understanding its true value. You begin to respect the work itself, to build some ________ (exception) qualities along the way, and to learn important life lessons during it.
There is a popular ________ (believe) that in the beginning of your journey, you aren't ready to handle the success and all the responsibilities that come together with it. But earning it with sweat and sacrifices ________ (prepare) you for that. So the hard work, together with the time it takes, is ________ must on your journey to success. It makes you who you have to turn into ________ (live) the better life that's waiting for you. What's more, the harder you work on your dream, the more confident you become.
Hard work gives you a purpose — it helps you to be patient, to take action instead of waiting ________ (mere) for things to happen, to stop blaming yourself or others and take responsibility for anything you have or don't have in your life.
Now that you know all this about hard work, never ________ (question) its power. Instead, create your strategy, make a step-by-step plan and take the first step towards success no later than today. Your hard work will ________ doubt pay off!
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Speaking of extreme sports, what come into our mind are________ (activity) full of excitement and adventure .Extreme sports can offer you the freedom of________ (challenge) yourself physically and psychologically (在心理上) to perform feats (壮举)or even make you feel sick. As a result, many people regard extreme sports, like bungee jumping, ________a special attempt (尝试) rather than a kind of sport.
However, in my opinion, getting involved in an extreme sport is ________ great way, not only to have fun, but also to keep a healthy body ________ (weigh). Extreme sports can push your body's limits, so you'll be able to bum extra calories and many extreme sports require you ________ (use) all your muscles.
Another benefit of practicing extreme sports________ (be) that you will be in shape. Exercising has always been great for the human body. Try something________ (wonder) instead and feel that you are alive. Being in good shape is a sign of a healthy lifestyle, ________is based on a healthy diet and lots of exercising. Extreme sports ________ (equip) with all kinds of features and characters that sports should have.
4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Chinese tea gains popularity in B&R countries
Huang Shenghui, an inheritor (继承者) of the Wuyi rock tea-making technique in eastern China's Fujian Province,________ (see) his business, especially tea exports,________ (grow) in recent years.
He now sells Wuyi rock tea, a type of oolong tea, to 10 countries________ (include) Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Britain, the United States and Australia.
His success all started nearly twenty years ago________ Huang went to Kuala Lumpur with 30kg of tea in 2001." It was like an adventure since I had never been abroad and didn't know________ foreign languages. I was afraid," he said.
________ his surprise, the rock tea he brought turned out to be popular in Malaysia, and he soon sold ________. "I got my first bucket of gold, and more________ (important), I found a new market," he said.
Tea trade played an important role on the ancient lands and maritime Silk Road. Today, under the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) ________ (advise) in 2013, more and more Chinese tea companies________(seek) opportunities abroad.专题28 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Piloting a small plane for a sightseeing flight with three passengers, I once experienced ________engine failure. This was partly made ________accident and was a valuable learning experience.
Five ________ (minute) into the sky, I saw the right fuel tank was empty. I'd checked the tanks before take-off as the indicators (指示器) are far from ________ (rely). I guessed the instrument failure was because of a fuel leak.
Still I'd rather be safe than sorry so I decided to change the flying position of the plane a bit ________ (raise) fuel economy. Generally, the fuel mixture in a planes engine ________ (have) a bit more fuel than required for burning. The unburned fuel cools the engine from the inside.
________ (keep) an eye on the engine temperature, I started reducing the mixture when suddenly the engine stopped. The plane went ________ (complete) silent and started to fly on its own. I immediately applied the urgent situation checklist from memory and the engine came back to life.
I told my passengers I had to land, while they remained absolutely unaware of ________had just happened. Back on the ground, we found that one of the two magnetos (磁电机) providing ________ (electric) for the spark plugs (火花塞) had failed.
【答案】 an；by；minutes；reliable；to raise；has；Keeping；completely；what；electricity
【解析】
（1）考查冠词。
Engine是一个名词，例如：
A car engine seems to change pitch downwards as the vehicle passes you. ( https: / / www. / javascript:void(0); )
车从你身边驶过的时候,引擎声音似乎会下降。
句意：我曾经经历过一次发动机故障。此处泛指“一次发动机故障”，且engine发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。
（2）考查介词。句意：这部分是偶然造成的，是一次珍贵的学习经历。by accident固定短语，“偶然”，故填by。
（3）考查名词。句意：升空五分钟，我看到右边的燃油箱是空的。minute是可数名词，根据空前的Five可知，此处应使用复数形式，故填minutes。
（4）考查形容词。句意：由于指示器远远不可靠，我在起飞前已经检查了油箱。根据空前的are可知，空处应填一个形容词作表语，故填reliable。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：我还是宁愿安全也不要后悔，所以我决定改变一点飞机的飞行姿势来提高燃料利用率。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to raise。
（6）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一般来说，飞机发动机内的燃料混合物要比需要燃烧的多一点。此处是讲述一般情况，所以使用一般现在时，主语the fuel mixture是单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：留意着发动机温度，我开始减少混合物，突然，发动机停止了。keep和主语I之间是主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填Keeping。
（8）考查副词。句意：飞机完全静默了，开始自己飞行。空处修饰形容词silent，应使用副词形式，故填completely。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意：我告诉乘客我必须着陆，然而他们完全没有意识到刚刚发生了什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“发生的事情”，应使用what引导，故填what。
（10）考查名词。句意：回到地面后，我们发现为火花塞提供电力的 其中一个磁电机发生故障了。此处应填一个名词作动词providing的宾语，故填electricity。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，介词，名词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，副词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases, lived from 1901 to 1983. She was very busy in her chosen career, ________ (travel) abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. Among them was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple ________ (rule) to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. This book ________ (intend) for women in the countryside in case that they could not reach a doctor when they had ________ emergency.
It was very difficult for a woman ________ (get) medical training at that time when girls' education was always placed second ________ boys'. However, it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. ________ made her succeed later on was the kindness and ________ (consider) she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
Lin Qiaozhi chose not to have a family of ________ (she) own. Instead, she made sure that about 50,000 babies were ________ (safe) delivered.
【答案】 traveling/travelling；rules；was intended；an；to get；to；What；consideration；her；safely
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了一位擅长女性和儿童疾病治疗的医学专家——林巧稚。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：她忙于自己选择的职业，出国留学，写书写文章。 （travel） abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. 在句中作状语，travel与其逻辑主语She之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填traveling/travelling。
（2）考查名词。句意：她给出了一些保持婴儿清洁、健康和远离疾病的简单规则。根据空格前的some一词可知，空格处要填名词的复数形式，rule为可数名词，故填rules。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：这本书是为农村妇女准备的，以防她们遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。根据上文“She gave …”可知在描述发生在过去的事情，要用一般过去时，主语This book与动词intend之间是被动关系，故要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was intended。
（4）考查冠词。句意：这本书是为农村妇女准备的，以防她们遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。emergency.是一个可数名词，意为紧急情况，一个可数名词以单数的形式出现时，其前面要加上冠词（a/an/the）, 此处是泛指一个紧急情况，emergency是以元音因素开头的，故填an。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：在那个时候，妇女很难获得医学培训，因为女孩的教育总是排在男孩之后。“It was very difficult for a woman 5 （get） medical training at that time”符合“It+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”这一固定句式，意为“对某人来说，做某事是......”其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构。故填to get。
（6）考查介词。句意：在那个时候，妇女很难获得医学培训，因为女孩的教育总是排在男孩之后。place… second to…固定短语，“把......放在......之后/把......居于次要地位”，故填to。
（7）考查主语从句。句意：使她后来成功的是她对所有病人的善良和体贴。分析句子结构， 7 made her succeed later 是一个主语从句，该主语从句中又缺少主语，且指的是物，句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填What。
（8）考查名词。句意：使她后来成功的 是她对所有病人的善良和体贴。该空作句子表语，空格处与kindness是并列关系，故要用名词，填consideration。
（9）考查代词。句意：林巧稚选择不拥有自己的家庭。此处用形容词性物主代词来修饰，故填her。
（10）考查副词。句意：她确保了大约5万个婴儿安全降生。该空修饰动词delivered，故填safely。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，时态语态，冠词，介词，主语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping, one of China's most famous scientists, grows ________ is called super hybrid rice. In 1953, Yuan Longping ________ (graduate) from college. As ________ young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. Since then he has devoted ________ (he) to growing more rice without expanding the area of the fields. In 1973, he became the first ________ (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields. Yuan Longping is quite satisfied ________ his life. He thinks he ________ (be) just a farmer, even though he is one of the greatest scientists in China. Spending money on himself or ________ (lead) a comfortable life means very little to him. He gives too much money to help others for their research and ________ (selfless) circulates his knowledge in some other countries. Thanks to his hard work, the problems of ________ (hungry) will be solved, and millions of people can benefit from his great work.
【答案】 what；graduated；a；himself；agricultural；with；is；leading；selflessly；hunger
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国最著名的科学家之一袁隆平致力于科学研究的事迹。
（1）考查连词。句意：中国最著名的科学家之一袁隆平种植了所谓的超级杂交水稻。___is called super hybrid rice”是宾语从句，所填词引导宾语从句；根据句意，应用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，意思为“……东西”。故填what。
（2）考查时态。句意：1953年，袁隆平大学毕业。根据时间状语in 1953可知，句子是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填graduated。
（3）考查冠词。句意：作为一个年轻人，他看到了增加水稻产量的巨大需求。此处用不定冠词a表示数量，意思为“一个，一位”；young的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
（4）考查代词。句意：从那时起，他一直致力于在不扩大田地面积的基础上种出更多的水稻。devote oneself to 固定短语，“致力于”，主语为he,此处用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。
（5）考查形容词。句意：1973年，他成为世界上第一个种植高产水稻的农业先驱。修饰名词pioneer，应用形容词，故填agricultural。
（6）考查介词。句意：袁隆平对自己的生活感到很满足。 be satisfied with，固定短语，“对……感到满意的”。故填with。
（7）考查时态。句意：他认为他只是一个农民，尽管他是中国最伟大的科学家之一。全文是说明袁隆平现在的情况，应用一般现在时；主语是he，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：在自己身上花钱或过舒适的生活对他来说意义不大。“Spending money on himself or ____a comfortable life”在句中作主语，lead是动词，应用动名词形式作主语，与spending并列。故填leading。
（9）考查副词。句意：他把太多的钱用于帮助别人进行研究，并且无私地在其他一些国家传播他的知识。修饰谓语动词circulates，应用副词，故填selflessly。
（10）考查名词。句意：由于他的辛勤工作，饥饿问题将得到解决，数百万人将从他的伟大工作中受益。在介词of后应用名词作宾语，故填hunger。
【总结】本题考点涉及连词，时态，冠词，代词，形容词，几次，非谓语动词，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments(茶点).Its function varies widely________ (depend) on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place in________ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It________ (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people's leisure lives.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea________ (stand) in the Western Jin dynasty, took shape in the Tang dynasty, developed gradually in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties________ became booming in modern times.
In the Song dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses________ paintings and precious plants________ (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more________ (popular) and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化移入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look. After reform and opening-up, with the rapid development of the economy and improvement of people's living standards, teahouses________ (true) flowered in China.
【答案】 depending；which；is considered；stands；and；with；to attract；popularity；a；truly
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统茶馆的发展历史。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：它的功能根据文化的不同而有很大的不同。此处用现在分词短语depending on the culture作状语，表示补充说明。故填depending。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：在中国，茶馆是人们聚在一起喝茶、聊天、社交的地方。in ____people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize 是限制性定语从句，先行词是a place，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应是“介词in+which”引导的定语从句。故填which。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：它被认为是中国茶文化和人们休闲生活的标志。句子主语it和consider之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用被动语态；句子叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态；短语be considered as“被认为是”；句子主语it是单数意义，谓语动词也应该用单数形式。故填is considered。
（4）考查名词。句意：它们由西晋时期的茶摊发展而来，在唐代初具规模，在宋元明清时期逐渐发展壮大，在近代迅速发展起来。所填词是介词from后的宾语，应该是名词；根据句意，“西晋时期的茶摊”应该是复数意义，应用复数形式。故填stands。
（5）考查连词。句意：它们由西晋时期的茶摊发展而来，在唐代初具规模，在宋元明清时期逐渐发展壮大，在近代迅速发展起来。根据句意，句中“developed from…”“took shape…”“developed gradually…”“became booming…”是并列结构，应用and连接。故填and。（
6）考查介词。句意：茶楼的主人们更喜欢用绘画和珍贵的植物来装饰茶室来吸引顾客。decorate… with，固定短语，“用……装饰”。故填with。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：茶楼的主人们更喜欢用绘画和珍贵的植物来装饰茶室来吸引顾客。根据句意，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to attract。
（8）考查名词。句意：在明清时期，茶馆的数量超过了酒楼，越来越受欢迎，越来越出名。所填词在句中作gain的宾语，应该用名词形式；gain popularity，固定短语，“受欢迎，赢得欢迎”。故填popularity。
（9）考查冠词。句意：后来，西方文化的进入，迫使中国传统茶馆面貌焕然一新。take on a new look固定短语，“呈现出一片新面貌”。故填a。
（10）考查副词。句意：改革开放后，随着经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的提高，茶馆在中国真正遍地开花。修饰谓语动词flowered，应该用副词形式。故填truly。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，时态语态，名词，连词，介词，冠词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题28 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Piloting a small plane for a sightseeing flight with three passengers, I once experienced ________engine failure. This was partly made ________accident and was a valuable learning experience.
Five ________ (minute) into the sky, I saw the right fuel tank was empty. I'd checked the tanks before take-off as the indicators (指示器) are far from ________ (rely). I guessed the instrument failure was because of a fuel leak.
Still I'd rather be safe than sorry so I decided to change the flying position of the plane a bit ________ (raise) fuel economy. Generally, the fuel mixture in a planes engine ________ (have) a bit more fuel than required for burning. The unburned fuel cools the engine from the inside.
________ (keep) an eye on the engine temperature, I started reducing the mixture when suddenly the engine stopped. The plane went ________ (complete) silent and started to fly on its own. I immediately applied the urgent situation checklist from memory and the engine came back to life.
I told my passengers I had to land, while they remained absolutely unaware of ________had just happened. Back on the ground, we found that one of the two magnetos (磁电机) providing ________ (electric) for the spark plugs (火花塞) had failed.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases, lived from 1901 to 1983. She was very busy in her chosen career, ________ (travel) abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. Among them was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple ________ (rule) to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. This book ________ (intend) for women in the countryside in case that they could not reach a doctor when they had ________ emergency.
It was very difficult for a woman ________ (get) medical training at that time when girls' education was always placed second ________ boys'. However, it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. ________ made her succeed later on was the kindness and ________ (consider) she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
Lin Qiaozhi chose not to have a family of ________ (she) own. Instead, she made sure that about 50,000 babies were ________ (safe) delivered.
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping, one of China's most famous scientists, grows ________ is called super hybrid rice. In 1953, Yuan Longping ________ (graduate) from college. As ________ young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. Since then he has devoted ________ (he) to growing more rice without expanding the area of the fields. In 1973, he became the first ________ (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields. Yuan Longping is quite satisfied ________ his life. He thinks he ________ (be) just a farmer, even though he is one of the greatest scientists in China. Spending money on himself or ________ (lead) a comfortable life means very little to him. He gives too much money to help others for their research and ________ (selfless) circulates his knowledge in some other countries. Thanks to his hard work, the problems of ________ (hungry) will be solved, and millions of people can benefit from his great work.
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments(茶点).Its function varies widely________ (depend) on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place in________ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It________ (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people's leisure lives.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea________ (stand) in the Western Jin dynasty, took shape in the Tang dynasty, developed gradually in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties________ became booming in modern times.
In the Song dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses________ paintings and precious plants________ (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more________ (popular) and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化移入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look. After reform and opening-up, with the rapid development of the economy and improvement of people's living standards, teahouses________ (true) flowered in China.专题29 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中单词的正确形式
The Water Splashing Festival (泼水节) of the Dai ethnic minority falls in April. It is the most important festival ________ (observe) by the Dai people in the Dehong area of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province.
During the festival ________lasts three or four days, people are dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colorful ________(activity). Dragon boat racing, fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock Dance ________(hold) on the first day. And the most popular event ________(be) water-splashing on the second day. People splash water on each other, hoping to take away sicknesses and disasters. The wetter you get, the ________(lucky) you will be. The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way ________(express) their love for each other.
The Water Splashing Festival ________(vivid) exhibits the Dai's respect for water and the culture of music and dance, food, and costumes. It is also a cultural bridge ________Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share ________same festival culture of water-splashing.
【答案】 observed；which/that；activities；are held；is；luckier；to express；vividly；between；the
【解析】
（1）考查非谓语动词。observe[ b'z :v]v.观察, 遵守, 注意到 v.庆祝, 评论
例句与用法：
We should observe the proprieties.
我们应该遵守礼节。
The police have been observing his movements.
警方一直监视着他的一举一动。
Do you observe Christmas
你有过圣诞节的习俗吗？
I observed him entering the bank with a gun.
我看到他带着枪进了银行。
observe与逻辑主语festival构成被动关系，故用过去分词，填observed。
（2）考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词festival，且先行词在从句中做主语，指节日，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
（3）考查名词。activity为可数名词，由a variety of “各种各样的”修饰可知应用复数形式。故填activities。
（4）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为fireworks displays and other performances，故谓语动词用复数形式，填are held。
（5）考查主谓一致。此处主语为形容词最高级，谓语动词应用单数。且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。
（6）考查形容词。句意：你越湿，你就越幸运。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”。故填luckier。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：最后一天通常是年轻人玩游戏的一种方式来表达他们对彼此的爱。名词way修饰用不定式做后置定语修饰，a way to do sth.固定短语，“做某事的方式”。故填to express。
（8）考查副词。修饰动词exhibit应用副词，故填vividly。
（9）考查介词。between…and…固定短语，“在……之间”。故填between。
（10）考查冠词。根据短语the same表示“同样地，一样”。故填the。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，时态语态，主谓一致，形容词，副词，介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers in Hong Kong demonstrated that when nursing home patients enjoyed jokes, funny books and videos, and silly singing and dancing________ a weekly basis, their awareness of pain and loneliness decreased________ (significant). They also felt happier and more satisfied with life.
Many studies ________ (conduct) to prove that laughter can cause increased blood flow, lower blood sugar levels, and better sleep. You don't have to write a joke to obtain the benefits. Merely experiencing humour will do ________ trick.
But there might be an even stronger reason that a sense of humour is born into the human body. Not only does humour make us smarter and healthier, ________ it may also make us more attractive to others. Because creating and appreciating jokes both require ________ (we) to make connections between many separate pieces of information, ________ (have) a sense of humour shows that we have a wide knowledge and that we know how to think about it in new ways.
Humour has several unique powers. It forces people ________ (consider) in different ways. It promotes the ________ (communicate) among people. It brings people together. It reduces the pain ________ (connect) with life's difficulties. It exercises your brain. And it makes you cheer up.
Finding time in your day for a joke or two is no laughing matter. To start laughing, check out the funniest jokes of all time.
【答案】 on；significantly；have been conducted/ are conducted；the；but；us；having；to consider；communication；connected
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，香港的研究人员证明享受笑话、有趣的书和视频会使痛苦和孤独意识显著下降，能促进血液流动、降低血糖水平和改善睡眠，并能促进了人们之间的交流。
（1）考查介词。句意：香港的研究人员证明，当疗养院的病人每周享受笑话、有趣的书和视频，以及傻乎乎的唱歌和跳舞时，他们的痛苦和孤独意识显著下降。on a basis固定短语，“在一个基础上”。此处指“在每周”。故填on。
（2）考查副词。此处decreased是动词，由副词修饰，故填significantly。
（3）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：很多研究都证明了笑能促进血液流动、降低血糖水平和改善睡眠。此处句子主语studies是名词复数，和谓语动词conduct之间是被动关系，且这里指到现在已经完成的事情或指一个客观事实，所以句子用现在完成时态或一般现在时态的被动语态，故填have been conducted/ are conducted。
（4）考查冠词。句意：仅仅体验一下幽默就可以了。do the trick固定短语，“获得成功”。故填the。
（5）考查固定搭配。句意：幽默不仅能使我们更聪明、更健康，还能使我们对别人更有吸引力。not only…but （also）...，固定短语，“不但……而且......”，故填but。
（6）考查代词。句意：因为创造和欣赏笑话都需要我们在许多不同的信息之间建立联系，有幽默感表明我们有广泛的知识，我们知道如何用新的方式思考。此处require是动词，后面用人称代词宾格作宾语，故填us。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：因为创造和欣赏笑话都需要我们在许多不同的信息之间建立联系，有幽默感表明我们有广泛的知识，我们知道如何用新的方式思考。此处是含Because引导的原因状语从句的复合句，其中主句没有主语，是动名词作主语，故填having。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：它迫使人们从不同的角度来考虑问题。force sb. to do sth.固定短语，“强迫某人做某事”。此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to consider。
（9）考查名词。句意：它促进了人们之间的交流。句中promotes是动词，再根据定冠词the可知，这里用名词作宾语，故填communication。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：它减少了与生活困难有关的痛苦。connect…with...，固定短语，“把……和……连在一起”。此处pain和connect之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，故填connected。
【总结】本题考点涉及介词，副词，时态语态，主谓一致，冠词，非谓语动词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.语法填空
Child health experts have said families and parents are worryingly unaware of the severe damage air pollution is doing to young people in the UK.
In a survey of leading health professionals, nine in 10 said air pollution ________(harm) children in their areas, and a similar rate(92%) said the public needed to be ________(well) informed about the issue.
"Children have a fundamental right ________(grow) up in clean and safe environment that gives them the best possible start in life. The persistent, illegal opening of air pollution limits across the UK are ________ unacceptable action of this," he said.
UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会), ________ campaigns on children's rights and wellbeing around the world, announced last year it was making protecting young people ________ toxic(毒素的) air across Britain in the months ahead.
Recently a series of reports ________(outline) the effect of air pollution—including detrimental effects on teenage mental health, a "huge" reduction in intelligence among children growing up in ________(pollute) areas.
Penrose said:" The impact of toxic air is undeniable. The UK is home to more children ________(suffer) from breathing conditions than anywhere else in Europe. Every 20 minutes a child experiencing an asthma attack is admitted to hospital. Now child health professionals are warning of the ________(serious) of this growing health crisis."
【答案】 was harming；better；to grow；an；which；from；have outlined；polluted；suffering；seriousness
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了儿童专家的观点：家人和孩子的父母们担心未意识到的空气污染在严重影响英国的少年儿童。
（1）考查时态。句意：在对健康专家的调查问卷中，十分之九的专家认为空气污染正在危害本地区的孩子们的健康。根据said可知是过去时态，结合句意可知是过去进行时，故填was harming。
（2）考查副词。对应文章首段提到父母们未意识到空气污染对孩子健康的影响，可知此处为专家认为应该更好的通知公众这些危害，可知用副词well的比较级，修饰动词inform，故填better。
（3）考查非谓语动词。此处为孩子们有在干净、安全环境下成长的权利，不定式作定语修饰right，故填to grow 。
（4）考查冠词。unacceptable是元音音素开头，而且action是可数名词，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。
（5）考查定语从句。UNICEF作先行词，逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，而且在从句中作主语，故填which。
（6）考查介词。此处指联合国儿童基金会正要保护儿童免受空气污染的危害。protect...from...固定短语，“保护……免受……”，故填from。
（7）考查时态。句意：最近，一系列报告已经概述了空气污染的影响。可知用现在完成时态，故填have outlined。
（8）考查形容词。此处指受污染的地区，polluted过去分词形式形容词，表示已经受到污染的，故填polluted。
（9）考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语作定语，修饰children，指遭受呼吸环境危害的孩子们。故填suffering。
（10）考查名词。定冠词the后面用名词形式，此处指逐渐增长的健康危机的严重性。故填seriousness。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，副词，非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句，介词，形容词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读短文，在空白处填入一个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the current research in Canada, data centres and smart phones will be the most damaging information and communication technology (ICT) to the environment by 2040. The researchers claim that ICT will account ________ as much as 14% for the total ________(globe) footprint by 2040.Among all the devices, they predict that by 2020, the most ________(damage) ones to the environment are smart phones. ________smart phones consume little energy to operate, over 80% of their emissions impact ________ (come) from their production. The chip and the motherboard of a smart phone are made up of precious metals which are mined at a high cost. Therefore, ________(produce) them requires huge amount of energy. Smart phones also have a relatively shorter life, ________drives further production of new models and ________ extraordinary amount of waste.
With the ________(late)research, the researchers hope to help smart phone users expand ________worldview. When selecting and purchasing smart phones, many people don't consider the issue of sustainability. The researchers hope that through their work, they could help people realise what they want to do.
【答案】 for；global；damaging；While/Although/Though；comes；to produce；which；an；latest；their
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大的一项调查。调查结果表明,手机的生产将会对环境造成很大影响。
（1）考查介词。句意：研究者生声称到2040年信息和通信技术将占全球足迹的14%。account for固定短语“占……（比例）”，故填for。
（2）考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填global。
（3）考查非谓语动词。形容词修饰名词，且空格前面有形容词最高级的标志词the most，故填damaging。
（4）考查状语从句。根据本句结构，逗号前后是两个完整的简单句，且两个句前都没有任何连词，所以考虑用连词填空。根据两句中的表数量的词little和over 80%可想到用表转折或表让步的连词。故填While/Although/Tthough。
（5）考查时态。前一分句用到了一般现在时，此句谓语动词也要用一般现在时，因为分数over of 80%作主语，故谓语动词用单数，填comes。
（6）考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构，这里在用不定式作主语，表示一般情况，故填to produce。
（7）考查定语从句。根据前后句子的意思，此处是说明“智能手机的寿命也相对较短”这件事“推动了新车型的进一步生产，产生了大量的浪费”，所以用which引导非限定性定语从句，故填which。
（8）考查冠词。an amount of 固定短语，“一些，相当多的”，故填an。
（9）考查形容词。根据空格后的名词和空格前的定冠词可知，此处要用形容词最高级形式，填latest。
（10）考查代词。句意：通过最新的研究，研究人员希望能帮助智能手机用户扩展他们的世界观。可知，此处用their指代users'，故填their。
【总结】本题考点涉及介词，形容词，非谓语动词，状语从句，时态，定语从句，冠词，形容词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇调查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题29 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中单词的正确形式
The Water Splashing Festival (泼水节) of the Dai ethnic minority falls in April. It is the most important festival ________ (observe) by the Dai people in the Dehong area of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province.
During the festival ________lasts three or four days, people are dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colorful ________(activity). Dragon boat racing, fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock Dance ________(hold) on the first day. And the most popular event ________(be) water-splashing on the second day. People splash water on each other, hoping to take away sicknesses and disasters. The wetter you get, the ________(lucky) you will be. The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way ________(express) their love for each other.
The Water Splashing Festival ________(vivid) exhibits the Dai's respect for water and the culture of music and dance, food, and costumes. It is also a cultural bridge ________Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share ________same festival culture of water-splashing.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers in Hong Kong demonstrated that when nursing home patients enjoyed jokes, funny books and videos, and silly singing and dancing________ a weekly basis, their awareness of pain and loneliness decreased________ (significant). They also felt happier and more satisfied with life.
Many studies ________ (conduct) to prove that laughter can cause increased blood flow, lower blood sugar levels, and better sleep. You don't have to write a joke to obtain the benefits. Merely experiencing humour will do ________ trick.
But there might be an even stronger reason that a sense of humour is born into the human body. Not only does humour make us smarter and healthier, ________ it may also make us more attractive to others. Because creating and appreciating jokes both require ________ (we) to make connections between many separate pieces of information, ________ (have) a sense of humour shows that we have a wide knowledge and that we know how to think about it in new ways.
Humour has several unique powers. It forces people ________ (consider) in different ways. It promotes the ________ (communicate) among people. It brings people together. It reduces the pain ________ (connect) with life's difficulties. It exercises your brain. And it makes you cheer up.
Finding time in your day for a joke or two is no laughing matter. To start laughing, check out the funniest jokes of all time.
3.语法填空
Child health experts have said families and parents are worryingly unaware of the severe damage air pollution is doing to young people in the UK.
In a survey of leading health professionals, nine in 10 said air pollution ________(harm) children in their areas, and a similar rate(92%) said the public needed to be ________(well) informed about the issue.
"Children have a fundamental right ________(grow) up in clean and safe environment that gives them the best possible start in life. The persistent, illegal opening of air pollution limits across the UK are ________ unacceptable action of this," he said.
UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会), ________ campaigns on children's rights and wellbeing around the world, announced last year it was making protecting young people ________ toxic(毒素的) air across Britain in the months ahead.
Recently a series of reports ________(outline) the effect of air pollution—including detrimental effects on teenage mental health, a "huge" reduction in intelligence among children growing up in ________(pollute) areas.
Penrose said:" The impact of toxic air is undeniable. The UK is home to more children ________(suffer) from breathing conditions than anywhere else in Europe. Every 20 minutes a child experiencing an asthma attack is admitted to hospital. Now child health professionals are warning of the ________(serious) of this growing health crisis."
4.阅读短文，在空白处填入一个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the current research in Canada, data centres and smart phones will be the most damaging information and communication technology (ICT) to the environment by 2040. The researchers claim that ICT will account ________ as much as 14% for the total ________(globe) footprint by 2040.Among all the devices, they predict that by 2020, the most ________(damage) ones to the environment are smart phones. ________smart phones consume little energy to operate, over 80% of their emissions impact ________ (come) from their production. The chip and the motherboard of a smart phone are made up of precious metals which are mined at a high cost. Therefore, ________(produce) them requires huge amount of energy. Smart phones also have a relatively shorter life, ________drives further production of new models and ________ extraordinary amount of waste.
With the ________(late)research, the researchers hope to help smart phone users expand ________worldview. When selecting and purchasing smart phones, many people don't consider the issue of sustainability. The researchers hope that through their work, they could help people realise what they want to do.专题30 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使整个文段句意完整，语法正确。
Sure, it's good to get along with your teacher ________ it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant. And because, in general, it's smart to learn how to approach different ________ (type) of people you'll meet throughout your life.
But really, there's one super-important reason ________ you should do it. Kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they're ________ (comfortable)in asking questions and getting more help. This makes ________ easier to understand new materials and do your best on tests.
As a kid in elementary or middle school, you're at a wonderful stage in your life. You're like a sponge (海绵), able to take in lots of new and ________ (excite) information. Besides, you're able to think about all these information ________ new ways.
In most cases, your teacher is happy to be the person who's giving you all materials and ________ (help) you put them together. Remember, teachers are people, too. They feel great if you're open to what they're teaching you. That's why they ________ (want) to be teachers when they were in school—to teach! So some kids should learn ________ to get along with teachers, whether you like the teacher or not.
【答案】 because；types；why；more comfortable；it；exciting；in；helping；wanted；how
【解析】
（1）考查连词。1. 表示原因，语气较强，可用来回答 why 提出的问题。如：
A：Why do you love her 你为什么爱她
B：Because she is kind. 因为很善良。
2. because 除经常用于引导原因状语从句 ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0%E7%8A%B6%E8%AF%AD%E4%BB%8E%E5%8F%A5&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank )外，还可引出表语从句 ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=%E8%A1%A8%E8%AF%AD%E4%BB%8E%E5%8F%A5&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank )或用于强调句 ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=%E5%BC%BA%E8%B0%83%E5%8F%A5&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank )等。如：
It is because you’re eating too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary ( https: / / wenwen. / s / w=dictionary&ch=ww.xqy.chain" \t "https: / / wenwen. / z / _blank ) that I went to town yesterday. 我昨天是由于想买本字典而进城的。
前后句意是因果关系，后面为原因，故用because引导原因状语从句，因此填 because。
（2）考查名词。type为可数名词，前面有different，所以用复数名词．故填types。
（3）考查定语从句。 you should do it是限制性定语从句，先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，故填why。
（4） 考查形容词。根据后面的" getting more help获得更多帮助"，可知此处表示"更舒服"，故填more comfortable。
（5）考查代词。此句不定式作真正宾语，后面带有宾补，所以用it作形式宾语，故填it。
（6）考查形容词。此空修饰名词，表示"令人兴奋的"，故填exciting。
（7）考查介词。in与way搭配，表示"以…的方式"，故填in。
（8）考查非谓语动词。此空和前面的giving一起和is构成现在进行时态，故填helping。
（9）考查时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填wanted。
（10）考查特殊疑问词。表示"如何和老师相处"，故填how。
【总结】本题考点涉及连词，名词，定语从句，形容词，代词，介词，非谓语动词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读短文，在空白处填入一个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marco Polo was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, who ________(bear)in Venice in 1254. His father, Nicolo Polo, and his uncle were both wealthy traders and ________(regular)travelled to parts of the East. It is said that they visited China and became friends with Kublai Khan. It was only when they returned to Italy from China ________Marco, who was 15 years old at that time, first met his father.
Under his father and his uncle's influence, Marco became interested in China, and joined them for their trip. They ________(spend)more than three years travelling to Shangdu, the capital of China at that time. Kublai Khan gave them a warm welcome and they were allowed to stay ________a huge marble place. Soon young Marco established a good relationship with Kublai Khan and became one of his most ________(trust) friends. During his stay, Marco travelled around a lot and talked to many people. As a result, he learnt the language and customs of the Chinese.
After nearly 17 years in the East, Marco and his father prepared ________(return) home. Not long after Marco came home, he was caught during ________battle at sea. While he was a prisoner, he met a writer called Rustichello ________wrote down the long story that Marco told him about his travels. The book is known as The Travels of Marco Polo.
Recently, ________some scholars from both China and the West questioned if Marco has really been to China. They found some descriptions of China in the book were not reliable. No agreement has been reached, though, and the truth remains to be found out.
【答案】 was born；regularly；that；spent；in；trusted；to return；a；who；however
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 Marco Polo的生平情况,并重点介绍了他的旅游经历。
（1）考查时态语态。who 指代writer,与bear是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填was born。
（2）考查副词。副词作状语修饰谓语动词travelled，作状语，故填regularly。
（3）考查强调句。去掉It was…that后，句子不缺句子成分，且句意完整，故填that。
（4）考查时态。句子缺乏谓语动词，根据上下文可知此处要用一般过去时，故填spent。
（5）考查介词。in a place固定短语，“在一个地方”，故填in。
（6）考查形容词。空格后面是名词，形容词修饰名词，且前面有定冠词，所以用形容词的最高级修饰名词。故填trusted。
（7）考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth固定短语，“准备做.......”，故填to return。
（8）考查冠词。空格后battle为可数名词单数，根据“单数名词不裸奔”原则，此处要用不定冠词，填a。
（9）考查连词。空格前为完整句子，空后又出现了谓语动词wrote,此处考虑填连词，因为空格后句子缺主语，根据空格前的a writer called Rustichello可知，这里要用表示人的关系代词who，故填who。
（10）考查副词。因为下文与上文之间是转折关系，此处用however连接上下文，故填however。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，语态，副词，强调句，介词，形容词，非谓语动词，冠词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Herbal(草本的) Medicine
Genuine Chinese people have found thousands of plants and herbs associated with the ________（treat）of diseases, so herbal medicine is really ________large system. Doctors would analyze their nature or property such as “cold and hot” or “yin and yang”, use all sorts of raw ________（material）, and mix them to cure disease. Thus it is also different from the western medicine.
About the classification, in the Compendium（纲）of Material Medical by Li Shizhen in the Tang Dynasty （618-907）, there are 1892 types ________（record）. Today we can ________（brief）divide them into roots, rhizome(根茎), leaf, flower, seeds, grass, vines（藤蔓）, and so on.
Of course these raw（生的） herbs cannot be eaten when put before you; they need your own hand to prepare. ________ patients take is decoction（煎汁）of the herbs.
The quality is concerned ________ the decocting jar, quantity of water, and the frequency of decoction. Doctors suggest that water amount ________（control）according to the nature of absorbing. Because the herbs bought from the chemist's are usually dry, most of ________ need to be immersed into the water for 1-3 hours before decocting. The effect after 2 or 3 times' decoction is ________（good） than once. The mount patients will take is about 200-300 mi for children and 400-600 ml for adults.
【答案】 treatment；a；materials；recorded；briefly；What；with；be controlled；them；better
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中草药文化，包括它的分类和煎煮方法。
（1）考查名词。句意：勤勉的中国人已经发现了数千种与治疗疾病有关的植物和草药，所以草药确实是一个庞大的系统。作(be) associated with的宾语用名词，表示抽象意义的“治疗”，为不可数或名词，故填treatment。
（2）考查冠词。，system是可数名词，此处泛指“一个庞大的系统”，需要用不定冠词修饰，large的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
（3）考查名词。句意：医生会分析它们的性质或属性，如“寒热”、“阴阳”，使用各种原材料，将它们混合在一起治疗疾病。表示“具体的材料”时，material是可数名词，此处表示不止一种材料，所以用复数形式，故填materials。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：关于分类，唐朝（618-907）李时珍的《本草纲目》共记载1892种类型的草药，如今我们可以简单地把它们分为根、根茎、叶、花、种子、草、藤蔓等等。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，1892 types与record之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填recorded。
（5）考查副词。修饰动词短语divide into用副词，故填briefly。
（6）考查主语从句。句意：病人服用的是中药煎剂。此处为主语从句，从句中的take缺少宾语，what引导主语从句，作宾语，故填What。
（7）考查介词。句意：（中药煎剂的）质量与煎煮罐、加水量、煎煮次数有关。be concerned with固定短语，“与……相干”，故填with。
（8）考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：医生建议根据吸收水分的性质控制用水量。表示“建议”时，suggest后的宾语从句用(should)do的虚拟语气，其中should可省略，又因water amount与control之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填be controlled。
（9）考查代词。句意：因为从药店买来的草药通常是干的，所以大多数草药需要在煎煮前在水中浸泡1到3个小时。前一分句中已经有了连词Because，因此此处不是非限定性定语从句，此处指代前面的复数名词herbs作介词of的宾语，故填them。
（10）考查形容词。句意：经两次或三次煎煮，效果优于一次煎煮。空后的“than”表明此处用形容词比较级形式，故填better。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，主语从句，虚拟语气，时态，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right Well, yes…but not for everyone.
France was the first country ________ (introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed ________ shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 ________ car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized plates. ________ was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter “A” showed the number was from London, while the number “1” showed it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates ________ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.
Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and ________ (they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number ________ (combine) keep running out. In the past decades, some number plates ________ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. ________ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, “NVERLA8” means “Never Late”. And the most ________ (expense) number ever was “M1” which an anonymous buyer has acquired for ￡331,000.
【答案】 to introduce；in；that；What；consisting；their；combinations；have become；Basically；expensive
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了车牌的发展史，包括材质、形状以及车牌上数字和字母所代表的含义等。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：1893年，法国是第一个引入车牌的 国家。此处为固定句型“be+形容词+to do sth.”，故填to introduce。
（2）考查介词。句意：早期车牌在形状和大小上都不相同。differ in固定短语，“在……方面不同”，故填in。
（3）考查强调句型。句意：事实上，直到1957年，汽车制造商和政府才就标准化车牌达成一致。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”，意为“直到……才”，故填that。
（4）考查主语从句。句意：在英国首次注册的是A1。此句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，因此需要连接代词what做主语，且在句首需大写，故填What。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，由一系列字母和数字组成的车牌在英国适用。number plates与consist是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词作定语，故填consisting。
（6）考查代词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。修饰名词systems需用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
（7）考查名词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。these为修饰可数名词复数的指示代词，应使用名词复数。故填combinations。
（8）考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些拼出单词的车牌。根据时间状语，in the past decades，可知谓语动词用现在完成时连用，主语some number plates是复数概念，故填have become。
（9）考查副词。句意：基本上，盘子上的数字可以表示单词或部分单词。分析句子可知，修饰整个句子时要使用副词，故填Basically。
（10）考查形容词。句意：有史以来，最贵的一个车牌是一名匿名买家以331000英镑购买的M1。分析句子可知，修饰名词number需用形容词，故填expensive。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，强调句型，主语从句，代词，名词，时态，副词，形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题30 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使整个文段句意完整，语法正确。
Sure, it's good to get along with your teacher ________ it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant. And because, in general, it's smart to learn how to approach different ________ (type) of people you'll meet throughout your life.
But really, there's one super-important reason ________ you should do it. Kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they're ________ (comfortable)in asking questions and getting more help. This makes ________ easier to understand new materials and do your best on tests.
As a kid in elementary or middle school, you're at a wonderful stage in your life. You're like a sponge (海绵), able to take in lots of new and ________ (excite) information. Besides, you're able to think about all these information ________ new ways.
In most cases, your teacher is happy to be the person who's giving you all materials and ________ (help) you put them together. Remember, teachers are people, too. They feel great if you're open to what they're teaching you. That's why they ________ (want) to be teachers when they were in school—to teach! So some kids should learn ________ to get along with teachers, whether you like the teacher or not.
2.阅读短文，在空白处填入一个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marco Polo was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, who ________(bear)in Venice in 1254. His father, Nicolo Polo, and his uncle were both wealthy traders and ________(regular)travelled to parts of the East. It is said that they visited China and became friends with Kublai Khan. It was only when they returned to Italy from China ________Marco, who was 15 years old at that time, first met his father.
Under his father and his uncle's influence, Marco became interested in China, and joined them for their trip. They ________(spend)more than three years travelling to Shangdu, the capital of China at that time. Kublai Khan gave them a warm welcome and they were allowed to stay ________a huge marble place. Soon young Marco established a good relationship with Kublai Khan and became one of his most ________(trust) friends. During his stay, Marco travelled around a lot and talked to many people. As a result, he learnt the language and customs of the Chinese.
After nearly 17 years in the East, Marco and his father prepared ________(return) home. Not long after Marco came home, he was caught during ________battle at sea. While he was a prisoner, he met a writer called Rustichello ________wrote down the long story that Marco told him about his travels. The book is known as The Travels of Marco Polo.
Recently, ________some scholars from both China and the West questioned if Marco has really been to China. They found some descriptions of China in the book were not reliable. No agreement has been reached, though, and the truth remains to be found out.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Herbal(草本的) Medicine
Genuine Chinese people have found thousands of plants and herbs associated with the ________（treat）of diseases, so herbal medicine is really ________large system. Doctors would analyze their nature or property such as “cold and hot” or “yin and yang”, use all sorts of raw ________（material）, and mix them to cure disease. Thus it is also different from the western medicine.
About the classification, in the Compendium（纲）of Material Medical by Li Shizhen in the Tang Dynasty （618-907）, there are 1892 types ________（record）. Today we can ________（brief）divide them into roots, rhizome(根茎), leaf, flower, seeds, grass, vines（藤蔓）, and so on.
Of course these raw（生的） herbs cannot be eaten when put before you; they need your own hand to prepare. ________ patients take is decoction（煎汁）of the herbs.
The quality is concerned ________ the decocting jar, quantity of water, and the frequency of decoction. Doctors suggest that water amount ________（control）according to the nature of absorbing. Because the herbs bought from the chemist's are usually dry, most of ________ need to be immersed into the water for 1-3 hours before decocting. The effect after 2 or 3 times' decoction is ________（good） than once. The mount patients will take is about 200-300 mi for children and 400-600 ml for adults.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right Well, yes…but not for everyone.
France was the first country ________ (introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed ________ shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 ________ car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized plates. ________ was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter “A” showed the number was from London, while the number “1” showed it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates ________ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.
Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and ________ (they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number ________ (combine) keep running out. In the past decades, some number plates ________ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. ________ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, “NVERLA8” means “Never Late”. And the most ________ (expense) number ever was “M1” which an anonymous buyer has acquired for ￡331,000.
