甘肃省白银市2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（含解析）

白银市2024-2025学年度第一学期第7次阶段考试试卷
科目：高三英语
第一部分 听力（共2节，满分为30分）
第二部分 阅读（满分为 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
A
Become an English Teacher with Babylangues in Paris!
Do you speak English well Are you u looking fora part-time job in Paris Join Babylangues as an English teacher and gain valuable experience!Job Information:
·Position: English Teacher
·Location: Paris and other cities in France
·Pay: 14.10?~23.50? per hour
·Type: Part-timeWhat You Will Do:
As a teacher, you will help children learn English through daily activities. You will:
·Pick them up from school
·Play games with-them in the park
·Read stories to them
These fun activities help children learn English naturally. You will teach them new words and help them speak better. The goal is to make learning English enjoyable and easy for the children.Benefits:
·Flexible hours that fit your schedule
·Ongoing training to help you teach well
·Good pay with possible travel bonus
·Free French classes to learn the local language
·Experience French culture by living with a local family
·Meet new friends from other countries
·Help with living in France
·A stable part-time job contract
·Some travel costs paid back
·Gain practical teaching experienceHow to Apply:
If you want to join, apply online at Babylangues Application or send us an email. We are excited to have you with us!
Join Babylangues and enjoy the rewarding experience of teaching English while living in France. It is a great opportunity to improve your teaching skills and explore a new culture!
1．What are you expected to do as a teacher at Babylangues
A．Send children to school.
B．Have fun with colleagues.
C．Help children with their oral English.
D．Organize story writing contests.
2．Which of the following is one benefit from Babylangues
A．Continuous training support. B．Fixed working hours.
C．Cheap French classes. D．Free company accommodation.
3．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A career guide. B．A company brochure.
C．An educational course. D．An online job advertisement.
B
A new study shows that the more people read any kind of fiction, the better their language skills are likely to be. The piece was written by Sandra Martin-Chang, professor of education, and PhD student Stephanie Kozak. They found that people who enjoyed reading fiction at leisure (休闲) and those who identified themselves as readers scored higher on language tests, whereas those who read to access specific information scored more poorly on the same tests.
As leisure reading declines as a pastime for younger adults especially, Martin-Chang says emphasizing the fun aspect of it can draw them back to novels while at the same time improving their verbal abilities.
Martin-Chang and Kozak used a scale called the Predictors of Leisure Reading ( PoLR) to investigate reading behavior ( motivations, obstacles, attitudes and interests). They then examined how well the PoLR predicted the language skills o 200 undergraduate students, with all data gathered at York University. The researchers note that the age range of the subjects in the study is of key interest. In early adulthood, reading becomes self-directed rather than imposed by others, which makes this a key time to develop one's own reading habits. This population is also rather understudied, with most existing research focusing far more on children.
The researchers administered a series of measures over two separate half-hour sessions. First, the volunteers completed the 48-question PoLR scale measuring various reading factors. They were then given language tests similar to those found in the SAT and a measure of reading habits called the Author Recognition Test. Those who scored higher read more and have better verbal abilities than those who scored lower. After analyzing the data, the researchers concluded that reading enjoyment, positive attitudes and deeply established interests predicted" better verbal abilities and that they were more strongly associated with exposure to fiction than non-fiction.
Besides having better verbal abilities, lifelong readers are known to be more understanding, more empathetic （同感的），less prejudiced, to attain higher socioeconomic status and even to live longer, healthier live than non — readers. Teachers and parents can inspire a love of reading by letting young people read what they want, without guilt or shame.
4．According to the new study, people's language skills are mainly influenced by their reading
A．environments B．speeds C．motivations D．frequencies
5．Which can best replace the underlined word “imposed" in paragraph 3
A．approved B．recommended C．forced D．evaluated
6．How did the researchers obtain their findings
A．By making data analysis. B．By conducting wide surveys.
C．By consulting previous studies. D．By making reasonable assumptions.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Great pleasure of reading. B．Various benefits of reading.
C．Ways to be a lifelong reader. D．Methods of developing reading skills.
C
It is very likely that you eat three meals a day. Modern life is designed around this way of eating. However, is this the healthiest way to eat Before considering how frequently we should eat, scientists urge us to consider when we shouldn’t.
Intermittent fasting (间歇性断食), where you restrict your food intake to an eight-hour window, has become a popular area of research. “It allows our digestive system to rest,” says Emily Manoogian at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Rozalyn Anderson at the University of Wisconsin explains, “Fasting puts the body in a different state, where it’s more ready to clear misfolded proteins.” Misfolded proteins are faulty versions of ordinary proteins, which have been associated with a number of diseases.
But if intermittent fasting is a healthy way to eat, how many meals does this leave room for Some experts argue that it is best to have one meal a day. Manoogian does not recommend doing this, since it can increase the level of glucose (葡萄糖) in our blood when we are not eating. Keeping blood glucose levels down requires eating more regularly than once a day, as this prevents the body from thinking that it is starving and releasing more glucose when you do eventually eat in response. Instead, she says, two to three meals a day is best — with most of your calories consumed earlier in the day.“ So, your body can use the energy you feed it throughout the day, rather than it being stored in your system as fat.” But eating too early in the morning should be avoided, as this would not give you sufficient time to fast. This does not mean we should skip breakfast altogether, either, but some evidence suggests we should wait an hour or two after waking up before cracking open the eggs.
Is intermittent fasting realistic Manoogian thinks that it is best not to specify the best time to eat, as this can be difficult for people with responsibilities and irregular time commitments, such as those working night shifts. But whatever changes you make, researchers agree that consistency is crucial.
8．What can we know about intermittent fasting
A．It focuses on what to eat.
B．It cures a number of diseases.
C．It keeps the digestive system clean.
D．It limits food intake to a fixed duration.
9．What does Manoogian agree with
A．Calories can be hardly consumed in the evening.
B．Frequent meals bring about steady blood glucose.
C．Two to three meals in the day reduces storage of fat.
D．Early eating is recommended for intermittent fasting.
10．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How intermittent fasting is tested.
B．Whether intermittent fasting is safe.
C．How intermittent fasting is practiced.
D．When people eat during intermittent fasting.
11．What’s the basic principle of intermittent fasting
A．Sticking to a routine.
B．Defining a best meal time.
C．Having regular working hours.
D．Maintaining consistent menus.
D
Can happiness be obtained — by learning about it in school The University of Bristol’s Science of Happiness course, which launched in 2018, is helping answer that question. Not your typical college class, the innovative course features absolutely no tests or work. Instead it focuses on teaching students what the latest studies in psychology suggest really makes people happy. Now, the research team behind that class has released a new study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.
Thanks to their course, researchers had already established that teaching students about the latest scientific studies focusing on happiness results in a notable improvement in well-being. During this latest project, they took things a step further. Their work shows that increases in well-being among students are ultimately short-lived — unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.
“It’s like going to the gym — we can’t expect to do one class and be fit forever. Just as with physical health, we have to continuously work on our mental health, otherwise the improvements are temporary,” explains senior study author Professor Bruce Hood. Students who took the happiness course reported a 10 to 15 percent improvement in well-being. However, only those who continued practicing what they learned during the course reported sustained improved well-being upon being surveyed again two years later. This project is the first ever to track the well-being of students who had taken a happiness course long after the class ended.
“To gain more information about happiness, we’ll continue studying. What we teach is related to positive psychology interventions (干预) that take your attention away from yourself, by helping others, being with friends, or thankfulness,” Prof. Hood said. “This is the opposite of the current principle, but countless studies have shown that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from negative thinking.”
Prof. Hood recently turned the course into a new book, released earlier this month. The Science of Happiness: Seven Lessons for Living Well details an evidence-informed roadmap to better well-being.
12．What do we know about Science of Happiness course
A．It’s an analysis of students’ exams. B．It’s a research platform for the team.
C．It’s the team’s theoretical foundation. D．It’s the collection of research processes.
13．Why does Prof. Hood mention “the gym” in paragraph 3
A．To offer a solution. B．To make a prediction.
C．To illustrate an idea. D．To raise a question.
14．Which of the following belongs to the current principle
A．Talking to strangers. B．Giving gifts to others.
C．Spending money on oneself. D．Walking in nature with friends.
15．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To assess a new way to study happiness. B．To show a new study result on happiness.
C．To comment on a book about happiness. D．To stress the need of gaining happiness.
第二节 七选五（共 5 小题，每题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
How to Give Back to the Community: Simple Acts Make a Difference
Volunteering is a great way to make a positive impact on the world around us. Not only does it provide an opportunity to help others, but it allows us to connect with our community and create meaningful relationships with those we serve. 16 . Here are some tips to help you find your passion and get involved in your community.
Explore your interests
17 . There are countless volunteer opportunities in every community, so finding something that matches your interests can make the experience more fulfilling. Consider your skills and experience, as well as your hobbies and personal values.
Research local organizations
Look for local organizations that match your interests and values. Research their mission statement, programs, and volunteer opportunities to find a good fit. Attend events or meetings to learn more about the organization. 18 . Check with your local community center or volunteer center for a directory of volunteer opportunities.
19 .
You don’t have to commit to a long-term volunteer project right away. Start with a minor project or event to get a feel for the organization and their mission. This can also help you determine what type of volunteer work you enjoy and what you want to do more of in the future.
Be consistent
Consistency is key when it comes to volunteering. Find an opportunity that fits your schedule and commit to it on a regular basis. It can help the organization plan and manage their resources. 20 .
A．Start small
B．Commit fully
C．Discover what work they do in the community
D．Think about your passions and the causes you care about
E．We can investigate the organizations to make sure they are attractive
F．And it can also help you build relationships with the people you serve
G．Finding the right volunteer opportunity can be the first step in making a difference.
第三部分 语言运用（共三部分，满分为 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从题中所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Speaking of one’s reading life, most people would probably think of their first book, or how many books they have read. However, I don’t have an answer to either, as all the books I’ve read are lost in my 21 memories. 22 , I haven’t lost everything in my long memory, so let me take you into my reading life.
My reading life started when I was one year old. I could only 23 small picture books on my small bed beside my mom. She was a great storyteller and always spoke while 24 a lot of facial expressions. Even if I couldn’t read, I could understand the 25 of her facial expressions. Sometimes I wonder why she didn’t choose a job as an 26 .
The second part of my reading life is called "bridge book". A bridge book is a kind of book that 27 picture books and textbooks. At that time, my Chinese and English 28 wasn’t very large, so I had to 29 bridge books as they were the easiest for me. I was like a frog in a well. I didn’t know there was a bigger world of books waiting for me to 30 .
The next period was between when I was five and a half to seven years old. In this period of my life, I started to see the world in a 31 and wider way. I started to walk out of that deep 32 and learned there were many books waiting for me. 33 bridge books, I went into the 34 of textbooks and started to read them. In the world of textbooks, I felt a door was opened in front of me, and the light was 35 through the door, so I stepped into the light and started to read tons and tons of books.
21．A．storm-like B．river-like C．ever-lasting D．time-consuming
22．A．Promisingly B．Impressively C．Fortunately D．Excitedly
23．A．scratch at B．listen to C．draw up D．search for
24．A．adding B．enjoying C．changing D．keeping
25．A．charm B．adoration C．patience D．meaning
26．A．nurse B．actress C．teacher D．librarian
27．A．connects B．appreciates C．estimates D．designs
28．A．grammar B．comprehension C．vocabulary D．expression
29．A．adapt to B．attend to C．turn to D．object to
30．A．change B．challenge C．load D．explore
31．A．abrupt B．accurate C．cautious D．different
32．A．well B．bridge C．book D．thought
33．A．Casting B．Abandoning C．Preserving D．Exposing
34．A．eyes B．feet C．arms D．faces
35．A．pouring B．breaking C．seeing D．pulling
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, 2024 is the Year of the Dragon, or “loong,” as is known in Chinese. This creature appears on many cultural artifacts 36 (pass) down through Chinese history.
Unlike Western dragons, 37 are often depicted as aggressive, fire-breathing, flying lizards, Chinese loongs 38 (traditional) symbolize strong and favourable powers. In Chinese mythology ( 神 话 ), the loong is credited with ensuring a good harvest. The unique appearance of the Chinese loong distinguishes it 39 its Western counterparts.
For thousands of years, the Chinese have respected the loong, 40 (believe) that they can bring harmony and prosperity. According to Chinese mythology, the Yan Emperor’s mother had seen a loong just before she was pregnant and soon the Yan Emperor 41 (bear). So the Chinese regard the Yan Emperor as their forefather, and they sometimes refer to 42 (they) as “descendants of the loong (龙的传人).”
At a historical site in Liaoning Province, a stone sculpture of a loong was discovered in 1994. 43 (measure) 19.70 meters in length, the sculpture 44 (date) back to more than 7,600 years ago. The idiom “龙年大吉” means “good luck in the year of the loong.” We wish all of us 45 happy and lucky Chinese New Year!
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分为 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华，最近参与了学校举办的“白银矿山公园Mine Park of Baiyin Company”徒步活动，请你以日记的形式记录一下这次活动，内容包括：
1.活动目的；2.活动过程；3.活动感受。
注意：词数80左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C D A D C D B D B A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D B C D D B E F A G
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C A B A D C C B A
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 B A C D B
1．C 2．D 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一个名为“Bring the Elephant Home Project”的项目的详细信息。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For our September 2024 field trip, we are recruiting eight elephant research assistants to help collect and analyse elephant behaviour data, collect elephant dung, identify individual elephants along with other activities, thereby making a valuable contribution to elephant conservation and management.(为了2024年9月的实地考察，我们正在招募八名大象研究助理，帮助收集和分析大象行为数据，收集大象粪便，识别个体大象以及其他活动，从而为大象的保护和管理做出宝贵贡献)”可知，参加这个项目的主要价值是帮助促进大象的福祉。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Elephant conservation expedition participant qualifications部分“The most important requirements are that you are enthusiastic about elephants, and motivated to make a real change.(最重要的要求是你对大象充满热情，并有动力做出真正的改变)”可知，作为一名探险队员，最重要的是对大象保护的热情。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“All funds raised from participating in this unique experience will contribute to elephant research and conservation projects.(所有从参与这一独特经历中筹集到的资金都将用于大象研究和保护项目)”可知，从这篇文章中可以了解到考查探险筹集的资金用于帮助大象。故选A项。
4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在协助摄影师David Liittschwager拍摄海洋生物的过程中，改变了对摄影的看法，认识到摄影不仅是记录，还能拓展视觉感知。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“My role was to collect specimens for him to photograph. Every night, I would cast a floating lamp. Like moths drawn to a flame, mysterious creatures would emerge from the depths in search of this light. I’d then set up aquariums to house them as they waited for David to take their shot.(我的职责是收集标本供他拍照。每天晚上，我都会投一盏浮灯。就像飞蛾被火焰吸引一样，神秘的生物会从深处出现，寻找这种光。然后，我为它们搭建了水族馆，让它们在等待大卫拍摄时栖息)”可知，作者的任务是吸引和收集海洋生物的物种，供David的拍照。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段的“But David’s photograph of this flounder revealed a universe of detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macro lens magnified its ribs (肋骨). The lightning-fast exposure froze its motion. A precisely aimed light released the rainbow hidden in its skin. And the black background removed all distractions to focus our attention on the quiet beauty at hand.(但大卫的这张比目鱼照片揭示了一个细节的宇宙，即使是我热切的眼睛也错过了。他的微距镜头放大了它的肋骨。闪电般的曝光冻结了它的运动。一束精确瞄准的光线释放出隐藏在它皮肤里的彩虹。黑色背景消除了所有干扰，使我们的注意力集中在眼前的宁静美景上)”可知，大卫的照片展示了比目鱼的许多细节，这些细节是作者之前没有注意到的。由此可知，作者对小比目鱼的照片感到惊讶是因为它展示了全面的细节。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Before working for David, I had assumed the goal of photography was simply to reproduce an observation so that others could share the same experience. It had never occurred to me that photography could expand our visual perception and therefore teach us to look at the world from new perspectives.(在为大卫工作之前，我曾认为摄影的目标只是再现观察结果，以便其他人可以分享同样的经历。我从未想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们从新的角度看待世界)”可知，在为大卫工作之前，作者认为摄影的目标仅仅是再现观察，以便其他人分享相同的体验。但这段经历让他意识到摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，教我们从新的视角看待世界。由此推可知，这次经历改变了作者对摄影的看法。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It had never occurred to me that photography could expand our visual perception and therefore teach us to look at the world from new perspectives.(我从未想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们从新的角度看待世界)”可推知，摄影的真正魔力在于帮助人们以新的视角看待世界。故选B。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了慢时尚的概念，作为可持续时尚的一种延续，强调质量、本地制造、小规模生产和环保理念，旨在应对快时尚行业的弊端，通过社交媒体传播，鼓励消费者采用慢时尚生活方式。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Natural clothing materials and low-impact manufacturing (制造) are large parts of the sustainable fashion movement. (天然服装材料和低冲击制造是可持续时尚运动的重要组成部分。)”可知，可持续时尚主要关注的是使用天然服装材料和低影响的制造方式，这主要是为了减少对环境的影响。因此，可持续时尚主要关注的是时尚产业对环境的影响。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People had begun to notice the instability of the fast fashion model—from the employment of workers to pollution. (人们已经开始注意到快时尚模式的不稳定性——从雇佣工人到污染。)”可知，快时尚行业的一个缺点是它对社会有很多不稳定的影响，包括工人就业和环境污染等方面。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When Kate first described slow fashion, she wanted it to focus on quality instead of quantity, in addition to the environmental ideals that were associated with sustainable fashion. (当凯特第一次描述慢时尚时，她希望它除了与可持续时尚相关的环境理想外，还关注质量而不是数量。)”可知，凯特认为慢时尚是以质量为基础且环保的。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Social media has only helped slow fashion brands reach more consumers. Adopting a slow-fashion way of living may seem frightening if consumers are new to the movement; however, it doesn’t have to be difficult. (社交媒体只会帮助慢时尚品牌接触到更多的消费者。如果消费者是这场运动的新手，那么采用慢时尚的生活方式可能看起来很可怕；然而，这并不一定很难。)”可知，社交媒体帮助慢时尚品牌接触到更多的消费者，作者指出采用慢时尚的生活方式并不一定很难，这暗示了文章是建议让更多的人参与到慢时尚运动中来。故选D项。
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to the website Mashable, the scientists were inspired by sea cucumbers (海参). (据Mashable网站报道，科学家们的灵感来自海参。)”可知，是海参为他们提供了灵感从而创造了这种小型机器人。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The scientists then used changes in the magnetic field to handle the magnetic particles (粒子) inside the gallium material to provide heat. (然后，科学家们利用磁场的变化来操纵镓材料内部的磁性粒子来提供热量)”可知，科学家是通过控制磁性粒子改变机器人的状态的。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, in the words of senior author Carmel Majidi at Carnegie Mellon University, for now these are all just “proofs of concept” which show the abilities of these new kinds of robots. (尽管如此，用卡内基梅隆大学资深作者卡梅尔 马吉迪的话来说，目前这些都只是“概念证明”，展示了这些新型机器人的能力)”从马吉迪的话中可以推断出，机器人需要更多的时间才能被广泛使用。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“In a study published on Jan. 25 in the science journal Matter, engineers from The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Carnegie Mellon University in the US have developed small robots that can quickly change back and forth from liquid to solid states. (在1月25日发表在科学杂志《物质》上的一项研究中，来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师们开发出了一种小型机器人，可以快速地从液体状态切换到固体状态)”可知，文章主要介绍新型的可以快速地从液体状态切换到固体状态的机器人。故选D。
16．B 17．E 18．F 19．A 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过自我同情的练习，我们可以学会用善意和无条件的爱来对待自己。
16．前文提到可能通过对自己的大吼大叫来促使自己完成作业的这一情况，后文提到“Research shows that practicing self-compassion (自我关怀) improves our mental and physical well-being and supports long-term success.”（研究表明，练习自我同情可以改善我们的身心健康，并有助于长期的成功。），研究表明对自己鼓励和关怀有利于自身长期的成功，说明对自己好一点可能在促使自己完成一件事上更加有效果。B项“It may be more effective to be kind to yourself.”（善待自己可能会更有效。）该项提到善待自己更加有效果，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
17．前文提到“Self-compassion is the practice of being kind and supportive to ourselves. The opposite is being self-critical and mean to ourselves when we make a mistake.”（自我同情是对自己友善和支持的实践。相反的是当我们犯错时，自我批评和对自己刻薄。），人在犯错误的时候很容易进行自我批评，且后文提到 “These negative responses are related to depression, stress and reduced quality of life.”（这些负面反应与抑郁、压力和生活质量下降有关。），对自己的批评可能会导致抑郁、有压力且可能会影响生活质量。E项“But this approach does not make us feel or perform better.”（但这种方法并不能让我们感觉或表现得更好。）该项提到自我批评并不会让自己感觉良好。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
18．前文提到“A 2017 study found people who practice self-compassion tend to handle stress better. Their bodies have less of a stress response when, for example, they meet with difficulties at work or school.”（2017年的一项研究发现，练习自我同情的人往往能更好地应对压力。例如，当他们在工作或学校遇到困难时，他们的身体对压力的反应就会减少。），以及后文中提到“Self-compassion helps them use the experience to make changes going forward, like seeking out a math tutor.”（自我同情可以帮助他们利用这段经历做出改变，比如找一个数学导师。）该段提到练习自我同情的人能更好地应对压力，而且能够进行自我同情的人会根据自己的情况做出适当的可以改变自己的行为。F项“They have more confidence to look for areas where they can improve.”（他们更有信心去寻找自己可以改进的地方。）该项提到会自我同情的人会寻求改进自己的机会和方法。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
19．后文提到“We can start with mindfulness.”（我们可以从正念开始。）由该段内容可以判断，该段提到了进行自我同情的练习方法。A项“So how do we develop self-compassion ”（那么我们如何培养自我同情呢 ）该项由问题引出后文中进行自我同情的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故选A。
20．前文提到“Rather than getting caught up in how we could have done better, forgive ourselves and think about what to change while remaining respectful, and loving to ourselves.”（与其纠结于我们该如何做得更好，不如原谅自己，想想在保持尊重和爱自己的同时要改变什么。）要与自己和解，要尊重自己爱自己，后文提到“We can read a novel, play a musical instrument or kick around a soccer ball with friends.”（我们可以读小说，演奏乐器或与朋友踢足球。）读书运动和演奏音乐都是让自己身心健康的好方法。G项“Also, show ourselves kindness in ways that nourish (滋养) our spirit and body.”（同时，要善待自己，以滋养我们的精神和身体。）该项提到了要善待自己，滋养自己。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和他捡到的小山羊Quincy的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认定有人把他遗弃到篱笆上了。A. knew知道；B. evaluated评估；C. saw看见；D. figured计算，认定。根据下文“someone dumped (遗弃) him over the fence.”可知，这是作者自己分析之后猜测的结果。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小山羊显然很紧张，但当我走近时，他站得一动不动。A. owner主人；B. dog狗；C. kid小山羊；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文“a baby goat”可知，这里显然很紧张的是指小山羊。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个动物爱好者，我带过狗、猫、马、鸡和鱼回家，但从未带过山羊。A. lover爱好者；B. watcher观察者；C. professor教授；D. hunter猎人。根据下文“I’ve brought home dogs, cats, horses, chickens, and fish, but never a goat.”可知，作者是一个非常喜欢动物的人。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小山羊太可爱了，无法抗拒。A. insist坚持说；B. resist抵挡；C. adopt采纳；D. acknowledge认可。根据上文“The tiny kid was too adorable to”可知，这个小山羊太可爱了，作者无法抗拒收养它的想法。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他大约一周大的时候，我用手指轻拍浴室地板，说“躺下”，当他倒下时，我很惊讶。A. tapped轻敲；B. swung摇摆；C. stuck粘；D. raised提升。根据下文“my fingers on the bathroom floor and said “Lie down.””可知，作者要发出示意小山羊“躺下”的指令，所以他应该是用手指轻拍浴室地板，发出响声。故选A。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. looked down往下看；B. calmed down冷静；C. broke down打破；D. dropped down下降，倒下。根据上文“I 　　5　　 my fingers on the bathroom floor and said “Lie down.” I was amazed”可知，作者发出示意小山羊“躺下”的命令之后，让他吃惊的应该是小山羊确实躺下了。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Quincy快速学习了一下，学会了躺下、鞠躬、转圈。A. slow慢的；B. rewarding报酬高的；C. quick快的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“Quincy proved to be quite intelligent.”可知，Quincy很聪明，所以学的很快。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Quincy在六周大的时候做了他的第一场演出。A. duty责任；B. greeting打招呼；C. show展示；D. service服务。根据上文“I love to train animals and often take my dogs to shows where they can perform their tricks.”可知，作者喜欢训练这些小动物们，并让它们表演节目。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时它只知道几个把戏，但它做得很完美，从不在人群面前表现不当或紧张。A. trips旅行；B. tricks技巧，把戏；C. patterns模式；D. examples例子。根据上文“I love to train animals and often take my dogs to shows where they can perform their tricks.”可知，小动物们会被作者训练，表演一些小把戏。故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. never绝不；B. only仅仅；C. still仍然；D. often经常。根据上文“he did them perfectly”可知，Quincy做得很完美，所以从不在人群面前表现不当或紧张。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在他有了一个完整的表演清单：他会抖蹄，应召而来，挥手，对着镜头微笑（“说奶酪！”），等等。A. ignored忽视；B. called叫；C. warned警告；D. blessed保佑。根据上文“come when”可知，Quincy应该是在被叫到的时候会过来。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Quincy和我的狗定期在学校、养老院和慈善活动中表演。A. perform表演；B. practice练习；C. play玩；D. stretch展开。根据下文“regularly at schools, nursing homes, and charity events. Quincy can even “read” his tricks off cue cards, which always earns the most 　　13　　.”可知，这里指Quincy和作者的狗会定期在学校、养老院和慈善活动中表演。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Quincy甚至可以在提示牌上“读出”它的小把戏，这总是赢得最多的掌声。A. money钱；B. respect尊敬；C. applause鼓掌；D. sympathy怜悯。根据上文“Quincy can even “read” his tricks off cue cards”可知，Quincy可以读出提示牌上的小把戏，所以应该是赢得最多的掌声。故选C。
34．考查代词词义辨析。句意：很难相信没人想要的小山羊竟然是我见过的最聪明、最善良的动物之一。A. anybody任何人；B. somebody某人；C. everybody每人；D. nobody没有人。根据上文“I 　　1　　 someone dumped (遗弃) him over the fence.”可知，小山羊是作者捡到的，所以是没有人要的。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是我这群动物中最聪明的，只是别告诉狗！A. oldest最老的；B. sharpest最聪明的；C. rarest最稀有的；D. kindest最友好的。根据上文“Quincy proved to be quite intelligent.”可知，作者认为Quincy是最聪明的。故选B。
36．compared 37．has seen 38．increasingly 39．as 40．videos 41．themselves 42．popularity 43．and 44．making 45．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项调查显示，猫已经超过狗狗，成为中国都市人最喜欢的宠物。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：截至去年，中国城市家庭的宠物猫数量约为5800万只，相比之下，宠物狗数量约为5400万只。句中已有谓语were，故空格处需填非谓语。主语 pet cats 与提示词 compare之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填compared。
37．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，中国养宠物的人越来越多，越来越多的人选择养猫。根据句中时间状语 in recent years可知，用现在完成时，且主语China是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has seen。
38．考查副词。句意：近年来，中国养宠物的人越来越多，越来越多的人选择养猫。空格处应为修饰choosing 这一非谓语的副词，所以将increasing变为副词形式。故填increasingly。
39．考查介词。句意：在全球范围内，虽然狗仍然是更常见的宠物，但最近在欧盟，猫已经成为最受欢迎的宠物。emerge as成为。故填as。
40．考查名词的数。句意：在中国和其他地方，猫也已经成为一种社会现象，成为流行视频的主题。video是可数名词。根据句意，此处用video的复数形式表示泛指。故填videos。
41．考查代词。句意：许多爱猫人士还在网上称自己是“猫奴”，公开宣布自己的宠物偏好。identify这一动词的动作发出者和动作承受者皆为cat lovers，因此空格处应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
42．考查名词。句意：研究人员将猫宠物的快速增长归因于中国城市的生活方式，一些专家也表示，猫在年轻人中的受欢迎与年轻一代对个性的追求有关。名词所有格cat’s后接名词形式，popularity“普及；受欢迎”是不可数名词。故填popularity。
43．考查连词。句意：句意为：该报告的主编刘毅说，许多生活在城市的人生活忙碌，住所相对较小，因此猫是他们理想的伴侣——养猫很容易，不像养狗需要更多的关注和户外活动。“生活繁忙”和“住宅面积相对较小”是并列关系，都是城市居民养猫的原因，所以用并列连词and。故填and。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：该报告的主编刘毅说，许多生活在城市的人生活忙碌，住所相对较小，因此猫是他们理想的伴侣——养猫很容易，不像养狗需要更多的关注和户外活动。said that 后接宾语从句，从句内已有谓语have，所以空格处应填非谓语。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
45．考查冠词。句意：年轻人在生活中寻找自由，而猫的习惯更适合他们的需求。此处特指猫的习性，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
46．略
47．We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。
2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛——感悟
3.词汇激活：
行动类：
①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply
②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing
情绪类：
①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion
②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和why引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句)
[高分句型3]It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It was...that结构引导的强调句型)