形容词的比较级，最高级学案(无答案)2024-2025学年外研版(2024)英语中考专题复习
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| 名称 | 形容词的比较级，最高级学案(无答案)2024-2025学年外研版(2024)英语中考专题复习 |  | |
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形容词的比较级，最高级的规则变化及用法
一、形容词和副词的概念
形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质, 特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。
副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.
二、形容词和副词的用法
①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
如: a new book, two big trees 等。
②形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、 smell等之后。
如:1. I am short.
2. She looks fine.
3. They turn green
③如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如: something interesting, nothing new
④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。
如: 1. She works hard .（修饰动词）
2. I am very busy.（修饰形容词）
3. He runs too quickly .（修饰副词）
4. We play happily. （修饰动词）
⑤通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。
slow → ______ real → ______
usual →______ careful→______
easy → ______ happy→ ______
heavy →______ angry→ ______
三、形容词和副词的级
形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级
1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。
small , good, pretty, big, many
hard, happily, slowly, quickly
① 程度副词very, too, so, quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。
如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold
quite interesting run quickly
② as…as , 意为“和……一样”，not as（so)…as，表示否定意义，意为“不如”，同级比较中间用形容词或副词的原级
She is as pretty as her mother.
This story is as interesting as that one.
This question is not as / so difficult as that one.
My bike is not as / so good as yours.
2.比较级：表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than (比） ，其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。
e.g.Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。
This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。
（1）规则变化：
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般直接加-er long tall longer taller longest tallest
不发音的e结尾时加-r late large later larger Latest largest
辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er easy happy easier happier Easiest happiest
重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er big hot thin fat wet bigger hotter thinner fatter wetter Biggest hottest thinnest fattest wettest
多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化和不规则变化
（1）规则变化：
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more careful beautiful more careful more beautiful most careful most beautiful
在原级前加less important useful less important less useful least important least useful
（2）不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well（身体好的） better best
many/much more most
bad/ill/badly worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远) further(进一步) farther further
old older elder(较年长的) oldest eldest
②形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，a little(……一点)，a bit(一点)，a lot(大量)，still(还，还要)， rather，any等修饰时，表示不定程度或数量。
eg: I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。
She is far better than me at writing.
This pen is much better than that one.
Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.
It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷得多。
③比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。
e.g.I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。
This building is 20 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高20米。
④表示“……是……的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。
eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one.
This classroom is twice bigger than that one.
The mountain is 3 times higher than that one.
⑤the + 形容词比较级 + of the two短语 表示两者中比较……的一个
She is the prettier of the two girls.
The bike is the older of the two.
He is the taller of the two.
This one is the more beautiful of the two pictures.
⑥形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个），多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。 越来越……
She is becoming thinner and thinner.
Our country is becoming richer and richer.
There are more and more students in our school.
Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.
⑦the + 形容词或副词的比较级，the +形容词或副词的比较级
表示“ 越……，就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
The harder you study, the more you will get.
The smaller the house is, the less it will cost.
The sooner, the better.
（3）形容词最高级用法
① 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。（of表示同范围，in表示不同范围）
e.g.He is the strongest of the three boys.在三个男孩子中，他是最强壮的。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
② 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，
Who is older, Jim or Tom
Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom？
Which language is ____，English, French or Chinese
A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult
Which/Who…+ 比较级，A or B
Which/Who…+ 最高级，A ，B or C
e.g.Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou？
哪个城市最漂亮，北京，上海还是福州？
③表示“最……的……之一”时，用one of+ the+形容词最高级+复数名词的结构。
e.g.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一。
The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
④ 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词second, third等词，表示第几最……”
This is the third largest city in China .
e.g.The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China.长江是中国第一大长河。
⑤ 形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰时, 其前不加定冠词the.
It’s our largest machine in our factory.
e.g.This is our last lesson today.这是我们今天的最后一节课。
⑥ 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。
e.g.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比班上其他任何学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.
李雷比班上其他任何人都高。
注意问题
1.在比较状语从句中经常省略某些部分,但比较对象的成分不能省.
The roads in Beijing are wider than those in Guangzhou.
例句：我的笔比你的多.
I have more pens than you (do).
我喝的茶比他多.
I drink more tea than he (does).
他吃的饭比我少
He has less rice than I (do).
一班的学生比二班多.
There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.
2.The new building is higher than the old one.
Those apples are bigger than these ones.比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词 that ，those, one , ones.
3．如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。
His shirt is more expensive than mine.
4．Kate is more beautiful than Lily is.
She is five years older than I am.
I drink more tea than he does.
than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词，⑦情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。
5.I have more pens than you (do).
many, much, little, few等词必须带名词
6.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：
⑴一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。
beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful
interesting – more interesting – most interesting
dangerous – more dangerous – most dangerous
⑵某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。
glad – more glad – most glad
pleased – more pleased – most pleased
tired – more tired – most tired
often- more often- most often
7．有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和most构成比较级和最高级。 friendly huge calm free true clever
比较级、最高级练习
一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. nice ______________________ 2. fat ____________________
3. slow _____________________ 4. dry ____________________
5. happy ____________________ 6. wet ____________________
7. much ____________________ 8. ill _____________________
9. little _____________________ 10. bad ___________________
11. thin ______________________ 12. far ____________________
13. early _____________________ 14. careful_________________
15. exciting ___________________ 16. busy __________________
二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：
1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Daming looks _______(fat) than before .
4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken
5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally
-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally.
She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8.He is one of the_________ (friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little _________ __ (beautiful) than her sister.
13.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics --I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths -- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).
16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.
22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
24. Nowadays(现在) English is ________ ( important ) than any other subject.
25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
26. Mr. Smith is _________ man in this office. (rich)
27. Winter is _________ season of the years. (cold)
28.This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)
29. It is much _______ today than yesterday. (hot)
30. She is a little ________ than her classmates. (careful)
31. ________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)
32. Which book is ________, this one or that one (easy)
33. My room is _______ than yours. (small)
34. Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)
35. Skating is _______ than swimming. (exciting)
36. Jim is _______ than all the others. (honest)
37. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad)
38. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold)
39. Now his life is becoming ________ and _____ __. (difficult)
一、形容词和副词的概念
形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质, 特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。
副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.
二、形容词和副词的用法
①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
如: a new book, two big trees 等。
②形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、 smell等之后。
如:1. I am short.
2. She looks fine.
3. They turn green
③如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如: something interesting, nothing new
④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。
如: 1. She works hard .（修饰动词）
2. I am very busy.（修饰形容词）
3. He runs too quickly .（修饰副词）
4. We play happily. （修饰动词）
⑤通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。
slow → ______ real → ______
usual →______ careful→______
easy → ______ happy→ ______
heavy →______ angry→ ______
三、形容词和副词的级
形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级
1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。
small , good, pretty, big, many
hard, happily, slowly, quickly
① 程度副词very, too, so, quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。
如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold
quite interesting run quickly
② as…as , 意为“和……一样”，not as（so)…as，表示否定意义，意为“不如”，同级比较中间用形容词或副词的原级
She is as pretty as her mother.
This story is as interesting as that one.
This question is not as / so difficult as that one.
My bike is not as / so good as yours.
2.比较级：表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than (比） ，其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。
e.g.Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。
This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。
（1）规则变化：
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般直接加-er long tall longer taller longest tallest
不发音的e结尾时加-r late large later larger Latest largest
辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er easy happy easier happier Easiest happiest
重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er big hot thin fat wet bigger hotter thinner fatter wetter Biggest hottest thinnest fattest wettest
多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化和不规则变化
（1）规则变化：
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more careful beautiful more careful more beautiful most careful most beautiful
在原级前加less important useful less important less useful least important least useful
（2）不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well（身体好的） better best
many/much more most
bad/ill/badly worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远) further(进一步) farther further
old older elder(较年长的) oldest eldest
②形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，a little(……一点)，a bit(一点)，a lot(大量)，still(还，还要)， rather，any等修饰时，表示不定程度或数量。
eg: I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。
She is far better than me at writing.
This pen is much better than that one.
Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.
It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷得多。
③比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。
e.g.I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。
This building is 20 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高20米。
④表示“……是……的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。
eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one.
This classroom is twice bigger than that one.
The mountain is 3 times higher than that one.
⑤the + 形容词比较级 + of the two短语 表示两者中比较……的一个
She is the prettier of the two girls.
The bike is the older of the two.
He is the taller of the two.
This one is the more beautiful of the two pictures.
⑥形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个），多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。 越来越……
She is becoming thinner and thinner.
Our country is becoming richer and richer.
There are more and more students in our school.
Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.
⑦the + 形容词或副词的比较级，the +形容词或副词的比较级
表示“ 越……，就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
The harder you study, the more you will get.
The smaller the house is, the less it will cost.
The sooner, the better.
（3）形容词最高级用法
① 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。（of表示同范围，in表示不同范围）
e.g.He is the strongest of the three boys.在三个男孩子中，他是最强壮的。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
② 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，
Who is older, Jim or Tom
Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom？
Which language is ____，English, French or Chinese
A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult
Which/Who…+ 比较级，A or B
Which/Who…+ 最高级，A ，B or C
e.g.Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou？
哪个城市最漂亮，北京，上海还是福州？
③表示“最……的……之一”时，用one of+ the+形容词最高级+复数名词的结构。
e.g.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一。
The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
④ 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词second, third等词，表示第几最……”
This is the third largest city in China .
e.g.The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China.长江是中国第一大长河。
⑤ 形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰时, 其前不加定冠词the.
It’s our largest machine in our factory.
e.g.This is our last lesson today.这是我们今天的最后一节课。
⑥ 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。
e.g.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比班上其他任何学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.
李雷比班上其他任何人都高。
注意问题
1.在比较状语从句中经常省略某些部分,但比较对象的成分不能省.
The roads in Beijing are wider than those in Guangzhou.
例句：我的笔比你的多.
I have more pens than you (do).
我喝的茶比他多.
I drink more tea than he (does).
他吃的饭比我少
He has less rice than I (do).
一班的学生比二班多.
There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.
2.The new building is higher than the old one.
Those apples are bigger than these ones.比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词 that ，those, one , ones.
3．如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。
His shirt is more expensive than mine.
4．Kate is more beautiful than Lily is.
She is five years older than I am.
I drink more tea than he does.
than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词，⑦情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。
5.I have more pens than you (do).
many, much, little, few等词必须带名词
6.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：
⑴一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。
beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful
interesting – more interesting – most interesting
dangerous – more dangerous – most dangerous
⑵某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。
glad – more glad – most glad
pleased – more pleased – most pleased
tired – more tired – most tired
often- more often- most often
7．有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和most构成比较级和最高级。 friendly huge calm free true clever
比较级、最高级练习
一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. nice ______________________ 2. fat ____________________
3. slow _____________________ 4. dry ____________________
5. happy ____________________ 6. wet ____________________
7. much ____________________ 8. ill _____________________
9. little _____________________ 10. bad ___________________
11. thin ______________________ 12. far ____________________
13. early _____________________ 14. careful_________________
15. exciting ___________________ 16. busy __________________
二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：
1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Daming looks _______(fat) than before .
4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken
5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally
-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally.
She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8.He is one of the_________ (friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little _________ __ (beautiful) than her sister.
13.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics --I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths -- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).
16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.
22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
24. Nowadays(现在) English is ________ ( important ) than any other subject.
25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
26. Mr. Smith is _________ man in this office. (rich)
27. Winter is _________ season of the years. (cold)
28.This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)
29. It is much _______ today than yesterday. (hot)
30. She is a little ________ than her classmates. (careful)
31. ________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)
32. Which book is ________, this one or that one (easy)
33. My room is _______ than yours. (small)
34. Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)
35. Skating is _______ than swimming. (exciting)
36. Jim is _______ than all the others. (honest)
37. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad)
38. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold)
39. Now his life is becoming ________ and _____ __. (difficult)
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