【精品解析】广东省梅州市部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

广东省梅州市部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
一、阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Turkiye, an attractive country bridging Europe and Asia, is a treasure trove（宝库） of cultural richness, amazing landscapes, and warm hospitality.
Gumbet
Gumbet, near the energetic and noisy city of Bodrum, is a coastal destination known for its lively atmosphere. During the day, soak up the sun on Gumbet Beach, known for its golden sands. As the sun sets, Gümbet comes alive with its lots of bars, clubs, and beach parties. Don't miss the chance to explore the ancient Mausoleum at Hallanssus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Belek
For golf enthusiasts, Belek is a dream destination with its world-class golf courses and luxurious resorts. With a wonderful coastline and abundant greenery, Belek offers more than just golf. The ancient city of Perge and the Aspendos amphitheatre are must-visit historical sites. Enjoy a leisurely day at the beach or explore the unique Land of Legends Theme Park for a fun-filled family experience.
Marmaris
Marmaris is a picturesque resort town known for its lively nightlife, crystal-clear waters, and historic charm. Begin your journey with a visit to Marmaris Castle, offering full views of the city and the harbour. Adventure seekers can be absorbed in water sports at Marmaris Bay or set off for a boat trip to explore nearby caves and coves.
Fethiye
Fethiye is perfect for nature lovers. Visit the stunning Olüdeniz Beach, known for its blue-green salt lake and paragliding opportunities. Explore the Lycian Rock Tombs, carved into the cliffs overlooking the town. Take a boat trip to the Twelve Islands or hike the Lycian
Way for breathtaking views. Fethiye's lively marina（码头） and fair add a touch of local flavour to your experience.
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1．What can visitors do at Gumbet
A．Explore an ancient wonder.
B．Take a boat trip to Bodrum.
C．Enjoy fun-filled family activities.
D．Seek adventure on Gumbet Beach.
2．Which destination will appeal to golf lovers most
A．Gumbet. B．Belek. C．Marmaris. D．Fethiye.
3． What do Marmaris and Fethiye have in common
A．They both offer paragliding opportunities.
B．They both have rich nightlife.
C．They both need to be booked in advance.
D．They are both near the sea.
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Rolland and Adeline are proud parents to nine beautiful children. Their youngest two, daughter Lanto, and son, Rindra, were both born with cleft lip（唇裂） conditions. In Madagascar, many families have never seen a cleft lip before, so it's a condition often greeted with fear and misfortune in some rural communities.
However, the news of Lanto and Rindra's cleft lip wasn't much of a shock for Rolland and Adeline because Rolland's cousin—a man in his fifties—had lived his entire adult life with an untreated cleft lip. Although seeing a relative with a cleft lip meant the family weren't fearful of the condition, they knew the negative impact an untreated cleft lip can have on a person's health and life. As any loving parents would, Rolland and Adeline wanted a better future for their children.
Rolland heard an advertisement on the radio about an Operation Smile surgical programme in Antsirabe, Madagascar. Finding out that Rindra and Lanto could have the cleft lip surgery they needed, for free, was a dream for the family. Unlike here in the UK, health services aren't free in many parts of the world, and the costs of treatment—or even travelling to reach medical facilities—are out of reach for most families.
When Rolland and his children arrived at the patient village, they were surprised to see so many other families in the same position. After a thorough medical evaluation by medical volunteers, Lanto was found to be fit enough for surgery, and later got the new smile her parents had dreamed of for her. But, for younger brother Rindra, the journey to a new smile would take a little longer.
Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for children withc left lip conditions worldwide. For more information about our work or to find out how you can help, visitwww.operationsmile.org .
4． What do most people think of cleft lip in Madagascar
A．It is incurable. B．It is normal.
C．It is unlucky. D．It is unavoidable.
5． What kept the couple from being scared of their children's situation
A．Their children's smile. B．Their relative's experience.
C．Their love for their parents. D．The advertisement they saw.
6． What should be done before deciding on a surgery
A．Paying for surgery. B．Staying in hospital.
C．Seeking for a doctor. D．Having a health check.
7．What is the purpose of the information in the last paragraph
A．For donations. B．For copyright.
C．For comment. D．For clarification.
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
With a brain the size of a pinhead, insects perform fantastic navigational （导航的）abilities. They avoid obstacles and move through small openings. How do they do this, with their limited brain power Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect.
In search of the neural（神经的） mechanism that drives insect behaviour, PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to navigate. Schoepe's model is based on one main principle: always steer towards the area with the least apparent motion.
He had his robot drive through a long "corridor"—consisting of two walls with a random print on it—and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do. In other virtual environments, such as a space with obstacles or small openings, Schoepe's model also showed similar behaviour to insects.
"The model is so good," Chicca concludes, "that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result."
The fact that a robot can navigate in a realistic environment is not new. Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently.
Chicca explains, "Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient."
8． Why does Chicca want to study how the insect brain works
A．To make computers more efficient.
B．To make use of insects' brain power.
C．To understand the habit of insects.
D．To reveal the inner part of insects' brain.
9． What does the underlined word "steer" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Stretch. B．Stare. C．Drive. D．Work.
10．How did Chicca feel at the performance of her robot
A．Regretful. B．Shocked. C．Confused. D．Satisfied.
11．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．How to make a robot that acts like an insect.
B．Why insects navigate more efficiently than robots.
C．Why a robot can navigate in a realistic environment.
D．How humans tend to learn new tasks as they grow up.
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
We cannot argue with reality. We cannot argue with science. Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe.
Let's start with science. The science of a straight line falls under the subject of physics. It might seem like a complicated topic, but the theory behind it is pretty simple. If you start rowing in a boat from one place and keep sailing, the concept of the curved（弯曲的） Earth will take you in a circle and you will end up where you started. The brain forms the concept of a straight line to simplify what you see in nature. Consider it a tool for the mind to recognize reality.
The concept of straight lines was controversial and heavily influenced the politics and society of Europe from the 15th century to the 17th century. Greek thinkers and scholars like Aristotle in the 5th century already proved that the Earth was a globe, but many Europeans at that time did not believe in this idea! However, some Europeans during the Age of Exploration denied this belief. Just as the famous Italian scientist Galileo Galilei was persecuted（迫害） for advocating a heliocentric （日心的） model of the solar system, many thinkers like Giordano Bruno were shamed for believing that the Earth was round.
Well, my friends, let's move on to life. The concept of nothing going in a straight line can be associated with life as much as it relates to science and architecture. Whenever you do something, it never turns out to play out exactly as planned. I especially know that as a thirteen-year-old! Life is a rough road—every time you go forward, it is followed by two steps back or to the side. Just like how science explains it, life is a curvy path full of unexpected twists, turns, and adventures that nobody can ever predict.
12． What does paragraph 1 function as
A．An introduction to the topic.
B．A means to attract readers.
C．An explanation of a common sense.
D．A proof of the author's opinion.
13． What would happen without the concept of straight line
A．The mind could not recognize realities.
B．Things in nature might look complicated.
C．What you see in nature could seem simple.
D．People in the 16th century might find the Earth flat.
14．Which can best describe the road of proving the Earth round
A．Plain and smooth. B．Easy but fruitless.
C．Long and tough. D．Bothersome but safe.
15． What's the best title for the text
A．A Straight Line: Everything Simple
B．A Straight Line: People's Good Wish
C．A Straight Line: Difficult To Prove
D．A Straight Line: Simply Nonexistent
二、第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Families differ from each other. Some are traditional and seem to be perfect; some are dysfunctional, but tend to still be strong; some are so calm, but controlled and some seem to be rich and have everything, but lack love.　16． 　 I've come up with some qualities that would make a great family.
Give credit and appreciate. One of my best memories as a child is when my report card came out with good grades. I then showed it to my parents and they would give me treats, new toys or even money. 　17． 　 Appreciation for small and large things alike is important to boost one's self-esteem and express the love you have for each other.
Talk to each other.　18． 　 They tend to choose family members (and not friends or neighbors) as their first resort to express their emotions, talk about their fears or desires and help solve their problems. Their meal times are always full of positive conversation and exchange of ideas. And more importantly, they lay out specific ground rules, know their limitations and know a lot about the members of their family.
　19． 　 No matter how perfect you think your family is, there will come a time that it will be tested, and problems will hit you right in your face. Strong families should learn how to combine all the above qualities and use it to survive every difficulty.
Spiritual wellness. Some might disagree that spiritual wellness is important to a family, but truly, a great family has strong faith and belief no matter what their religion is. When a family has a strong spiritual foundation, they are just more loving and understanding, thus making them stronger.　20． 　.
A. So do you feel the same way
B. Never conflict with family members.
C. The ability to deal with stress, conflict and crisis.
D. So the old question is, what makes a great family
E. Strong families have an effective communication environment.
F. Simple showing of appreciation is one of the qualities of a great family.
G. So invest in your family's spiritual wellness and learn to be optimistic.
三、语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Daniel Hove spent years serving his community in Wisconsin as the Assistant Fire Chief for the Burnsville Fire Department. In 2012, he 21． from the job he loved after doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic（胰腺的） cancer.
Daniel spent years fighting the 22． disease. And he had tons of 23． from friends and family. But his beloved 11-year-old Labrador （拉布拉多猎犬）, Gunner, 24． by his side every step of the way.
As Daniel's 25． grew more difficult, Gunner became ill, too. And he 26． the highs and lows right along with his favorite human.
"When my dad would get restless, the dog would be 27． ," Daniel's daughter Heather explained. "So once we 28． how the dog was doing—he wasn't moving much anymore and not doing well—we knew, it was coming."
As Gunner's suffering hit its peak, Heather 29． knew the dog's time on Earth was done. Gunner was 30． an animal hospital where the veterinarian put him to 31． forever. And soon after Gunner passed away, Daniel found his 32． was close. About an hour and a half later, Daniel was gone too. 33． in life, the dog and his beloved owner also remained that way in death.
Special friends are placed in our lives. And the story of this dog and his owner is a beautiful 34． that sometimes those furry friends offer lifelong 35． without words.
21．A． came B． retired C． returned D． suffered
22．A． common B． impressive C． terrible D． addictive
23．A． support B． praise C． criticism D． popularity
24．A． moved B． swung C． stopped D． remained
25．A． devotion B． decision C． battle D． work
26．A． experienced B． enhanced C． conveyed D． explored
27．A． unsatisfied B． uneasy C． selfless D． careless
28．A． proved B． inferred C． guessed D． saw
29．A． exactly B． frequently C． instantly D． originally
30．A． rushed to B． sent for
C． thrown into D． dropped by
31．A． play B． sleep C． live D． wake
32．A． place B． healing C． time D． liking
33．A． Inseparable B． Suitable
C． Countable D． Unbelievable
34．A． fashion B． reminder C． form D． encounter
35．A． process B． education C． learning D． company
四、第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An international team of astronomers used a database combining observations from the best telescopes in the world 　36． 　 (detect) the signal from the active supermassive black holes of dying galaxies（星系） in the early universe. The 　37． 　 (appear) of these active supermassive black holes is related to changes in the host galaxy. This means a black hole could have far reaching effects 　38． 　 the evolution of its host galaxy.
The Milky Way Galaxy 　39． 　 we live includes stars of various ages, including stars still forming. But in some other galaxies,　40． 　 (know) as elliptical（椭圆的） galaxies, all of the stars are old and about the same age. This indicates that early in 　41． 　 (they) histories elliptical galaxies had a period of rich star formation that suddenly ended. Why this star formation stopped in some galaxies 　42． 　 not others is not well understood. One possibility is that a supermassive black hole disrupts（瓦解） the gas in some galaxies,　43． 　 (create) an environment unsuitable for star formation.
To test this theory, astronomers look at distant galaxies. Due to the limited speed of light, it takes time for light to travel across the void of space. The light we saw last night from an object 10 billion light years away 　44． 　 (travel) for 10 billion years to reach Earth. Thus the light we see today shows us what the galaxy looked like when the light left that galaxy 10 billion years ago. So looking at distant galaxies is like looking back in time. But the longer distance also means that distant galaxies look 　45． 　 (small), making study more difficult.
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）
46．（2024高二下·梅州期中）假定你是李华，你班下周要进行英语口语测试，你想请你的交换生同学Jeffrey 和你进行一次口语模拟测试（a mock speaking test)。请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.口语考试介绍；
2.提出请求；
3.期待回复。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jeffrey,
Best regards,
Li Hua
六、第二节 （满分25分）
47．（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I was looking for a new flat, I was temporarily staying at a lovely small hotel. Unfortunately, during that time, I was due to participate in an online conference for an entire week. I was stuck inside from 10:00 am until 5:00 pm, the entire duration of the cleaning hours. I figured that I could go those five days without my room being cleaned and it wouldn't be a problem. I would just put a "Do Not Disturb" sign on my door.
On the second day as I was heading to get breakfast at the hotel, I bumped（撞见） into the cleaning lady named Anna. I asked her if I could give her my rubbish, and I mentioned that I would be working the entire day so she needn't worry about cleaning my room. She smiled and said it was okay.
The next day, when I returned from my breakfast, my room had already been cleaned. The same happened on the following day. On Friday, I finished my breakfast quicker than usual and the cleaning lady was just heading out. She smiled and said that she was happy that even though I ate quicker than usual, she was still able to finish in time.
I finally realized that all this time, she had been keeping an eye on when I headed for breakfast so she could clean my room. Given that looking for a flat in a new city and working in one of the smallest hotel rooms in London were already very stressful, I was incredibly moved. I thanked Anna and told her that, fortunately, it was the very last day of the conference, but I was very thankful.
The following week, I finally got the keys for my new flat. Excited and grateful for all the help I had received while moving in, I bought a box of chocolates and made my way to the receptionist.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I said to the receptionist, "Could you please give those to Anna "
After a while, Anna arrived, looking slightly puzzled.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了土耳其的几个旅游胜地。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Gümbet部分中的"Don't miss the chance to explore the ancient Mausoleum at Halcarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World."千万不要错过探索古代世界七大奇迹之一的哈尔卡纳苏斯陵墓的机会。可知，游客可以在Gümbef探索一个古老的奇迹。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Belek部分中的"For golf enthusiasts, Belek is a dream destination with its world-class golf courses and luxurious resorts."对于高尔夫爱好者来说，贝莱克是一个梦想的目的地，拥有世界级的高尔夫球场和豪华的度假村。可知，Belek最有可能吸引高尔夫运动爱好者。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据Marmaris部分中的"Begin your journey with a visit to Marmaris Castle, offering full views of the city and the harbour."从马尔马里斯城堡开始您的旅程，在这里可以看到城市和港口的全景；以及Fethiye部分中的"Visit the stunning lüdeniz Beach, known for its blue-green salt lake and paragliding opportunities."参观令人惊叹的 lüdeniz海滩，以其蓝绿色的盐湖和滑翔伞而闻名。可推知，这两处都靠海，因此可以观赏到港口和海滩。故选D。
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇为患有唇裂的孩子求医的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In Madagascar, many families have never seen a cleft lip before, so it's a condition often greeted with fear and misfortune in some rural communities."在马达加斯加，许多家庭以前从未见过唇裂，所以在一些农村社区，这种情况经常伴随着恐惧和不幸。可知，在马达加斯加，人们认为患唇裂是不幸的。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"However, the news of Lanto and Rindra's cleft lip wasn't much of a shock for Rolland and Adeline because Rolland's cousin—a man in his fifties—had lived his entire adult life with an untreated cleft lip."然而，兰托和林德拉唇裂的消息对罗兰和艾德琳来说并没有太大的震惊，因为罗兰的表弟——一个50多岁的男人——成年后一直患有未治疗的唇裂。可知，由于他们亲戚也有这样的经历，这对夫妇对唇裂并不是很害怕。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"After a thorough medical evaluation by medical volunteers, Lanto was found to be fit enough for surgery, and later got the new smile her parents had dreamed of for her."经过医疗志愿者的全面医疗评估，兰托被发现适合做手术，后来她得到了父母梦寐以求的新笑容。可知，在确定手术之前要进行全面的医疗评估。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for children with cleft lip conditions worldwide. For more information about our work or to find out how you can help, visitwww.operationsmile.org.""微笑行动"已经为全世界成千上万的左唇患儿提供了安全的手术。有关我们工作的更多信息或如何提供帮助，请访问www.operationsmile.org。可知，此段的目的是寻求更多的捐赠。故选A。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了物理学家Elisabetta Chicca用像昆虫的机器人模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成导航工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect."了解昆虫大脑的内部运作可以帮助我们探索节能计算，格罗宁根大学的物理学家Elisabetta Chicca展示了她的最新成果：一个像昆虫一样行动的机器人。可知，Chicca研究昆虫大脑的工作原理是为了让电脑更有效率地工作。故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"towards the area with the least apparent motion"朝向运动最不明显的区域；以及第三段中的"He had his robot drive through a long ‘corridor'— consisting of two walls with a random print on it — and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do."他让他的机器人驶过一条长长的"走廊"——由两面墙组成，上面有一个随机的指纹——机器人就像昆虫一样，站在走廊中央。可知，划线词与drive意思相近，意思为：行驶，前进。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘The model is so good,' Chicca concludes, ‘that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result.'"Chicca总结道："这个模型非常好，一旦你把它设置好，它就能在各种环境中运行。这就是这个结果的美妙之处。"可推知，Chicca对于机器人的表现十分满意。故选D。
11．考查段落大意。根据第五段中的"Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently."相反，这个模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成这项工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的；第六段中的"Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient."很多机器人技术与效率无关。随着我们的成长，我们人类倾向于在机器人中学习新的任务。这反映在当前机器学习的趋势中。但昆虫一出生就能飞。一种有效的方法在他们的大脑中根深蒂固。同样地，你可以使计算机更有效率。可知，文章最后两段解释了昆虫导航比计算机有效率的原因，即"为什么昆虫的导航比机器人更有效率"。故选B。
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；日常生活类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了直线这一概念在科学和生活中的含义。文章首先指出宇宙中不存在直线这个事实是不可否认的，从物理学的角度进行了解释，并通过历史阐述了直线概念在欧洲政治和社会中的影响。最后，作者指出生活中并没有所谓的直线前进，而是充满着曲折、转折和冒险。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段"We cannot argue with reality. We cannot argue with science. Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe. "我们不能与现实争论。我们不能与科学争论。因此，我们根本无法否认宇宙中没有直线这一事实。指出从现实和科学出发，宇宙中没有直线，后面的段落围绕这一点展开。因此，本段主要是引入文章的话题：宇宙中没有直线。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The brain forms the concept of a straight line to simplify what you see in nature. Consider it a tool for the mind to recognize reality. "大脑形成直线的概念是为了简化你在自然中看到的东西。把它看作是大脑认识现实的工具。可推知，如果没有直线概念，自然界的东西将看起来非常复杂。故选B。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Greek thinkers and scholars like Aristotle in the 5th century already proved that the Earth was a globe, but many Europeans at that time did not believe in this idea! However, some Europeans during the Age of Exploration denied this belief. Just as the famous Italian scientist Galileo Galilei was persecuted (迫害) for advocating a heliocentric (日心的) model of the solar system, many thinkers like Giordano Bruno were shamed for believing that the Earth was round. "5世纪的希腊思想家和学者，如亚里士多德，已经证明了地球是一个球体，但当时许多欧洲人并不相信这个想法！然而，在大航海时代，一些欧洲人否认了这种信仰。正如著名的意大利科学家伽利略·伽利雷因倡导日心说而受到迫害一样，许多思想家，比如乔尔丹诺·布鲁诺，也因相信地球是圆的而受到羞辱。可知，很长一段时间中，欧洲人并不相信地球是一个球体的想法，在大航海时代那些有正确想法的科学家和思想家还受到压迫。可推知，证明地球是个球体的道路漫长而又艰难。故选C。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe. "因此，我们根本无法否认宇宙中没有直线这一事实。可知，作者向我们论述了宇宙中不存在直线的事实，进而谈到人生是没有直线的。"直线：根本不存在"契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
【答案】16．D；17．F；18．E；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些可以组成一个强大家庭的品质。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Some are traditional and seem to be perfect; some are dysfunctional, but tend to still be strong; some are so calm, but controlled and some seem to be rich and have everything, but lack love."有些是传统的，似乎是完美的；有些功能失调，但往往仍然坚强；有些很冷静，但受控制；有些人似乎很富有，拥有一切，但缺乏爱。说明了家庭各自有各自的不同；以及空后"I've come up with some qualities that would make a great family."我想出了一些可以组成一个伟大家庭的品质。可知，空处引出主题，D. So the old question is, what makes a great family "所以老生常谈的问题是，是什么造就了一个伟大的家庭"对上文总结，并引出下文。故选D。
17．根据空前"Give credit and appreciate."给予信任和感激；以及空后"Appreciation for small and large things alike is important to boost one's self-esteem and express the love you have for each other."对小事和大事的感激对于提升一个人的自尊和表达你们对彼此的爱都很重要。表示感激的重要性， F. Simple showing of appreciation is one of the qualities of a great family. "简单地表达感激是一个大家庭的品质之一"表明感激是优良的大家庭品质之一，符合语境。故选F。
18．根据空前"Talk to each other."相互交谈， E. Strong families have an effective communication environment. "强大的家庭有一个有效的沟通环境"为具体展开，表明家庭成员之间应能良好的沟通，是另外一个好品质。故选E。
19．根据空后"No matter how perfect you think your family is, there will come a time that it will be tested, and problems will hit you right in your face. Strong families should learn how to combine all the above qualities and use it to survive every difficulty."无论你认为你的家庭多么完美，总有一天会受到考验，问题会直接打在你的脸上。强大的家庭应该学会如何结合以上所有的品质，并用它来度过每一个困难。可知，本段在讲强大的家庭应该能很好地处理问题，C. The ability to deal with stress, conflict and crisis."处理压力、冲突和危机的能力"总领下文。故选C。
20．根据空前"When a family has a strong spiritual foundation, they are just more loving and understanding, thus making them stronger."当一个家庭有一个强大的精神基础，他们只是更多的爱和理解，从而使他们更强大。可知，此处强调有强大的精神基础的重要性， G. So invest in your family's spiritual wellness and learn to be optimistic. "因此，投资于家庭的精神健康，学会乐观"中spiritual wellness与标题对应，符合语境。故选G。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．D；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了忠犬Gunner和主人共同抗击疾病，一直陪伴到终生的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：2012年，在医生诊断出他患有胰腺癌后，他从自己热爱的工作中退休了。A. came"来"；B. retired"退休"；C. returned"返回"；D. suffered"遭受，受难"。根据空后"after doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic (胰腺的) cancer."可知，发现自己身患癌症，丹尼尔从工作中退休了。故选B。
22．句意：丹尼尔花了数年时间与这种可怕的疾病抗争。A. common"常见的"；B. impressive"印象深刻的"；C. terrible"可怕的，非常严重的"；D. addictive"成瘾的"。根据上文"pancreatic (胰腺的) cancer"可知，胰腺癌是一种可怕的疾病。故选C。
23．句意：他得到了朋友和家人的大力支持。A. support"支持"；B. praise"赞扬"；C. criticism"批评"；D. popularity"流行，普及，受欢迎"。根据空后"from friends and family"可知，丹尼尔生病后得到了朋友和家人的支持。故选A。
24．句意：但他心爱的11岁拉布拉多犬Gunner一直陪伴在他身边。A. moved"移动"；B. swung"摆动，摇晃"；C. stopped"阻止"；D. remained"留在，保持"。根据语境可知，爱犬Gunner一直陪在丹尼尔的身边。故选D。
25．句意：随着丹尼尔的战斗变得越来越艰难，Gunner也病倒了。A. devotion"投入"；B. decision "决定"；C. battle"对抗，战斗"；D. work"工作"。根据上文"Daniel spent years fighting the 2 disease."可知，丹尼尔一直在和疾病作斗争，这里表示战斗越来越难。故选C。
26．句意：他和他最喜欢的人类一起经历了高潮和低谷。A. experienced"体验，经历"；B. enhanced "加强"；C. conveyed"传达"；D. explored"探索"。根据上文"Gunner became ill, too"可知，Gunner也病了；以及空后"highs and lows right along with his favorite human."可知，Gunner和主人一起经历了高潮和低谷。故选A。
27．句意：丹尼尔的女儿希瑟解释说："当我爸爸不安的时候，狗也会不安。"A. unsatisfied"不满意的"；B. uneasy"担忧的，不安的"；C. selfless"无私的"；D. careless"粗心的"。根据空前"When my dad would get restless"；以及上文"And he 6 _ highs and lows right along with his favorite human."可知，丹尼尔不安的时候，狗也会不安。故选B。
28．句意：所以，一旦我们看到狗的情况——它不怎么动了，也不怎么好——我们就知道，它撑不住了。A. proved"证明"；B. inferred"推断"；C. guessed"猜测"；D. saw"看见"。根据空后"he wasn't moving much anymore and not doing well"可知，这是看到的狗的情况。故选D。
29．句意：当Gunner的痛苦达到顶峰时，Heather立刻意识到这只狗在地球上的时间已经结束了。A. exactly"确切地"；B. frequently"频繁地"；C. instantly"立即"；D. originally"原始地"。根据空前"As Gunner's suffering hit its peak"可知，当看到Gunner很痛苦，Heather立刻意识到狗在地球上的日子快到了。故选C。
30．句意：Gunner被紧急送往动物医院，在那里兽医让他永远地沉睡了。A. rushed to"匆忙送往"；B. sent for"请 (某人) 来"；C. thrown into"扔进，使……投入"；D. dropped b"y顺便拜访"。根据上文"knew the dog's time on Earth was done."；以及空后"an animal hospital"可知，狗的情况不好，应被赶紧送往医院。故选A。
31．句意：Gunner被紧急送往动物医院，在那里兽医让他永远地沉睡了。A. play"玩"；B. sleep"睡觉"；C. live"住"；D. wake"叫醒"。根据下文"And soon after Gunner passed away"可知，此处表示医生让狗安乐死，一直睡去。故选B。
32．句意：在Gunner去世后不久，Daniel发现他的时间不多了。A. place"地方"；B. healing"康复"；C. time"时间"；D. liking"喜好，嗜好，乐趣"。根据上文"knew the dog's time on Earth was done"可知，当看到Gunner去世后，丹尼尔也知道自己的时间不多了。故选C。
33．句意：这只狗和它心爱的主人生前形影不离，死后也形影不离。A. Inseparable"不可分割的"；B. Suitable"合适的"；C. Countable"可数的"；D. Unbelievable"不可思议的"。根据上文"Gunner, 4 by his side every step of the way."；以及空后"the dog and his beloved owner also remained that way in death."可知，丹尼尔和Gunner生前形影不离，死后也形影不离。故选A。
34．句意：这只狗和它的主人的故事是一个美丽的提醒，有时这些毛茸茸的朋友会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。A. fashion"时尚"；B. reminder"提醒人的事物"；C. form"形式"；D. encounter"相遇"。根据空前"And the story of this dog and his owner is a beautiful"‘'以及空后"sometimes those furry friends offer lifelong 15 without words."可知，这只狗和它的主人的故事提醒我们这些毛茸茸动物的价值，他们有时会提供一生的无言的陪伴。故选B。
35．句意：这只狗和它的主人的故事是一个美丽的提醒，有时这些毛茸茸的朋友会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。A. process"过程"；B. education"教育"；C. learning"学习"；D. company"陪伴"。根据语境并结合本文故事可知，狗Gunner一直在陪伴得病的主人，直到去世，因此，动物们会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。故选D。
【答案】36．to detect；37．appearance；38．on；39．where；40．known；41．their；42．but；43．creating；44．had travelled；45．smaller
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对早期宇宙中垂死星系的活跃的超大质量黑洞的研究。这些活跃的超大质量黑洞的出现与宿主星系的变化有关。银河系的恒星有着年龄差距，而其他星系比如椭圆星系的恒星则年龄相同。研究人员对超大质量黑洞的存在和对其宿主星系的影响进行了猜测，同时希望通过研究更遥远的星系获得进一步的理解。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，介词，定语从句，代词，连词，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：一个国际天文学家团队使用了一个数据库，结合了世界上最好的望远镜的观测结果，来探测早期宇宙中垂死星系的活跃超大质量黑洞发出的信号。此处为目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to detect。
37．句意：这些活跃的超大质量黑洞的出现与宿主星系的变化有关。空前"The"为定冠词，作名词的限定词，因此这里应是名词。"appear"，动词，意为"出现"，其名词形式为"appearance(出现，表面)"，不可数名词。故填appearance。
38．句意：这意味着黑洞可能对其宿主星系的演化产生深远影响。根据空前"effects"可推知，这里应是固定短语have effects on sth，"对某物有影响"。故填on。
39．句意：我们居住的银河系包括不同年龄的恒星，包括仍在形成的恒星。 we live includes stars of various ages, including stars still forming是限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
40．句意：但在其他一些被称为椭圆星系的星系中，所有的恒星都是古老的，年龄大致相同。know与some other galaxies在逻辑上是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作后置定语。故填known。
41．句意：这表明，在椭圆星系的早期历史中，有一段恒星形成丰富的时期，但突然结束了。根据空后"histories"为名词复数，应是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
42．句意：为什么这种恒星形成在一些星系中停止，而在其他星系中没有停止，人们还没有很好地理解。some galaxies与others之间为并列关系，且由否定词"not"可知，这里应是转折，因此用并列连词but连接。故填but。
43．句意：一种可能性是，超大质量黑洞破坏了一些星系中的气体，创造了一个不适合恒星形成的环境。a supermassive black hole与create在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词，此处作结果状语，故填creating。
44．句意：我们昨晚看到的从100亿光年外的物体发出的光经过100亿年才到达地球。此处是谓语动词，结合语境可知，该动词在从句动作saw之前发生，因此，主句应是用过去完成时，故填had travelled。
45．句意：但是更远的距离也意味着遥远的星系看起来更小，这使得研究更加困难。结合语境"the longer distance"，"making study more difficult"可推知，这里应是形容词比较级，表达"离得更远，星系看起来更小，研究起来更困难"。故填smaller。
46．【答案】Dear Jeffrey,
How is it going with you I am writing to inform you that we will have an English speaking test next week. This test is an important part of our language learning process and it assesses our ability to communicate effectively in English.
I would like to ask if you could help me by participating in a mock speaking test with me. It would be a great opportunity for me to practice and improve my speaking skills. We can choose a convenient time and find a quiet place to have the test.
Please let me know if you are available and willing to help. Looking forward to your response.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 发一封电子邮件 。写作背景： 你班下周要进行英语口语测试，你想请你的交换生同学Jeffrey 和你进行一次口语模拟测试 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.口语考试介绍；2.提出请求；3.期待回复。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am writing to inform you that we will have an English speaking test next week.运用了不定式作宾语，宾语从句； This test is an important part of our language learning process and it assesses our ability to communicate effectively in English.运用了并列句；I would like to ask if you could help me by participating in a mock speaking test with me. 运用了宾语从句，不定式作宾语；It would be a great opportunity for me to practice and improve my speaking skills. 运用了it作形式主语；Please let me know if you are available and willing to help. 运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补，宾语从句。
47．【答案】I said to the receptionist, "Could you please give those to Anna " The receptionist, a warm and friendly man looked at me in confusion and I continued, "She's the cleaning lady who has been taking care of my room every day during my stay here. I really appreciate all the extra effort she put in to make sure my room was clean, even when I thought it didn't need to be. I want to show her my gratitude." The man smiled and nodded in understanding. "Please wait a moment, Anna is in the building. I'll call her, and you can thank her in person."
After a while, Anna arrived, looking slightly puzzled. When she saw the box of chocolates, her eyes lit up with surprise and joy. She thanked me earnestly, clearly touched by the gesture. It was heartwarming to see her smile and know that I had made her day just as she had made mine. This simple act of appreciation made me realize the impact of showing gratitude and kindness to others, even in small ways. From that day on, I made it a point to always express my appreciation for the hard work of others, just like Anna had done for me.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者在寻找新公寓期间居住在一家小旅馆里，因为需要参加整整一周的在线会议而无法打扫房间，却意外受到清洁女工Anna无私的帮助。Anna通过观察作者的早餐时间，以合适的时机打扫房间，为作者减轻压力。最终，作者搬进新公寓，他很感激Anna的帮助，购买了巧克力，想送给她以表达感谢之情。 段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我对接待员说：‘你能把这些给Anna吗？'"可知，第一段可描写作者向接待员说明自己想感谢Anna的缘由，以及接待员表示理解，为作者联系Anna，让他亲自表示感谢。②由第二段首句内容"过了一会儿，Anna来了，看上去有点困惑。"可知，第二段可描写Anna收到作者的巧克力的动人反应，以及作者从这件事中得到的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：The receptionist, a warm and friendly man looked at me in confusion and I continued, ...运用了同位语，并列句；She's the cleaning lady who has been taking care of my room every day during my stay here. 运用了限制性定语从句；I really appreciate all the extra effort she put in to make sure my room was clean, even when I thought it didn't need to be.运用了限制性定语从句，宾语从句，时间状语从句； I'll call her, and you can thank her in person.运用了并列句； When she saw the box of chocolates, her eyes lit up with surprise and joy. 运用了时间状语从句； It was heartwarming to see her smile and know that I had made her day just as she had made mine. 运用了it作形式主语，宾语从句，时间状语从句；This simple act of appreciation made me realize the impact of showing gratitude and kindness to others, even in small ways. 运用了省略to的不定式作宾补。
1 / 1广东省梅州市部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
一、阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Turkiye, an attractive country bridging Europe and Asia, is a treasure trove（宝库） of cultural richness, amazing landscapes, and warm hospitality.
Gumbet
Gumbet, near the energetic and noisy city of Bodrum, is a coastal destination known for its lively atmosphere. During the day, soak up the sun on Gumbet Beach, known for its golden sands. As the sun sets, Gümbet comes alive with its lots of bars, clubs, and beach parties. Don't miss the chance to explore the ancient Mausoleum at Hallanssus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Belek
For golf enthusiasts, Belek is a dream destination with its world-class golf courses and luxurious resorts. With a wonderful coastline and abundant greenery, Belek offers more than just golf. The ancient city of Perge and the Aspendos amphitheatre are must-visit historical sites. Enjoy a leisurely day at the beach or explore the unique Land of Legends Theme Park for a fun-filled family experience.
Marmaris
Marmaris is a picturesque resort town known for its lively nightlife, crystal-clear waters, and historic charm. Begin your journey with a visit to Marmaris Castle, offering full views of the city and the harbour. Adventure seekers can be absorbed in water sports at Marmaris Bay or set off for a boat trip to explore nearby caves and coves.
Fethiye
Fethiye is perfect for nature lovers. Visit the stunning Olüdeniz Beach, known for its blue-green salt lake and paragliding opportunities. Explore the Lycian Rock Tombs, carved into the cliffs overlooking the town. Take a boat trip to the Twelve Islands or hike the Lycian
Way for breathtaking views. Fethiye's lively marina（码头） and fair add a touch of local flavour to your experience.
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1．What can visitors do at Gumbet
A．Explore an ancient wonder.
B．Take a boat trip to Bodrum.
C．Enjoy fun-filled family activities.
D．Seek adventure on Gumbet Beach.
2．Which destination will appeal to golf lovers most
A．Gumbet. B．Belek. C．Marmaris. D．Fethiye.
3． What do Marmaris and Fethiye have in common
A．They both offer paragliding opportunities.
B．They both have rich nightlife.
C．They both need to be booked in advance.
D．They are both near the sea.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了土耳其的几个旅游胜地。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Gümbet部分中的"Don't miss the chance to explore the ancient Mausoleum at Halcarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World."千万不要错过探索古代世界七大奇迹之一的哈尔卡纳苏斯陵墓的机会。可知，游客可以在Gümbef探索一个古老的奇迹。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Belek部分中的"For golf enthusiasts, Belek is a dream destination with its world-class golf courses and luxurious resorts."对于高尔夫爱好者来说，贝莱克是一个梦想的目的地，拥有世界级的高尔夫球场和豪华的度假村。可知，Belek最有可能吸引高尔夫运动爱好者。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据Marmaris部分中的"Begin your journey with a visit to Marmaris Castle, offering full views of the city and the harbour."从马尔马里斯城堡开始您的旅程，在这里可以看到城市和港口的全景；以及Fethiye部分中的"Visit the stunning lüdeniz Beach, known for its blue-green salt lake and paragliding opportunities."参观令人惊叹的 lüdeniz海滩，以其蓝绿色的盐湖和滑翔伞而闻名。可推知，这两处都靠海，因此可以观赏到港口和海滩。故选D。
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Rolland and Adeline are proud parents to nine beautiful children. Their youngest two, daughter Lanto, and son, Rindra, were both born with cleft lip（唇裂） conditions. In Madagascar, many families have never seen a cleft lip before, so it's a condition often greeted with fear and misfortune in some rural communities.
However, the news of Lanto and Rindra's cleft lip wasn't much of a shock for Rolland and Adeline because Rolland's cousin—a man in his fifties—had lived his entire adult life with an untreated cleft lip. Although seeing a relative with a cleft lip meant the family weren't fearful of the condition, they knew the negative impact an untreated cleft lip can have on a person's health and life. As any loving parents would, Rolland and Adeline wanted a better future for their children.
Rolland heard an advertisement on the radio about an Operation Smile surgical programme in Antsirabe, Madagascar. Finding out that Rindra and Lanto could have the cleft lip surgery they needed, for free, was a dream for the family. Unlike here in the UK, health services aren't free in many parts of the world, and the costs of treatment—or even travelling to reach medical facilities—are out of reach for most families.
When Rolland and his children arrived at the patient village, they were surprised to see so many other families in the same position. After a thorough medical evaluation by medical volunteers, Lanto was found to be fit enough for surgery, and later got the new smile her parents had dreamed of for her. But, for younger brother Rindra, the journey to a new smile would take a little longer.
Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for children withc left lip conditions worldwide. For more information about our work or to find out how you can help, visitwww.operationsmile.org .
4． What do most people think of cleft lip in Madagascar
A．It is incurable. B．It is normal.
C．It is unlucky. D．It is unavoidable.
5． What kept the couple from being scared of their children's situation
A．Their children's smile. B．Their relative's experience.
C．Their love for their parents. D．The advertisement they saw.
6． What should be done before deciding on a surgery
A．Paying for surgery. B．Staying in hospital.
C．Seeking for a doctor. D．Having a health check.
7．What is the purpose of the information in the last paragraph
A．For donations. B．For copyright.
C．For comment. D．For clarification.
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇为患有唇裂的孩子求医的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In Madagascar, many families have never seen a cleft lip before, so it's a condition often greeted with fear and misfortune in some rural communities."在马达加斯加，许多家庭以前从未见过唇裂，所以在一些农村社区，这种情况经常伴随着恐惧和不幸。可知，在马达加斯加，人们认为患唇裂是不幸的。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"However, the news of Lanto and Rindra's cleft lip wasn't much of a shock for Rolland and Adeline because Rolland's cousin—a man in his fifties—had lived his entire adult life with an untreated cleft lip."然而，兰托和林德拉唇裂的消息对罗兰和艾德琳来说并没有太大的震惊，因为罗兰的表弟——一个50多岁的男人——成年后一直患有未治疗的唇裂。可知，由于他们亲戚也有这样的经历，这对夫妇对唇裂并不是很害怕。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"After a thorough medical evaluation by medical volunteers, Lanto was found to be fit enough for surgery, and later got the new smile her parents had dreamed of for her."经过医疗志愿者的全面医疗评估，兰托被发现适合做手术，后来她得到了父母梦寐以求的新笑容。可知，在确定手术之前要进行全面的医疗评估。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Operation Smile has provided hundreds of thousands of safe surgeries for children with cleft lip conditions worldwide. For more information about our work or to find out how you can help, visitwww.operationsmile.org.""微笑行动"已经为全世界成千上万的左唇患儿提供了安全的手术。有关我们工作的更多信息或如何提供帮助，请访问www.operationsmile.org。可知，此段的目的是寻求更多的捐赠。故选A。
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
With a brain the size of a pinhead, insects perform fantastic navigational （导航的）abilities. They avoid obstacles and move through small openings. How do they do this, with their limited brain power Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect.
In search of the neural（神经的） mechanism that drives insect behaviour, PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to navigate. Schoepe's model is based on one main principle: always steer towards the area with the least apparent motion.
He had his robot drive through a long "corridor"—consisting of two walls with a random print on it—and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do. In other virtual environments, such as a space with obstacles or small openings, Schoepe's model also showed similar behaviour to insects.
"The model is so good," Chicca concludes, "that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result."
The fact that a robot can navigate in a realistic environment is not new. Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently.
Chicca explains, "Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient."
8． Why does Chicca want to study how the insect brain works
A．To make computers more efficient.
B．To make use of insects' brain power.
C．To understand the habit of insects.
D．To reveal the inner part of insects' brain.
9． What does the underlined word "steer" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Stretch. B．Stare. C．Drive. D．Work.
10．How did Chicca feel at the performance of her robot
A．Regretful. B．Shocked. C．Confused. D．Satisfied.
11．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．How to make a robot that acts like an insect.
B．Why insects navigate more efficiently than robots.
C．Why a robot can navigate in a realistic environment.
D．How humans tend to learn new tasks as they grow up.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了物理学家Elisabetta Chicca用像昆虫的机器人模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成导航工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing, physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen demonstrates with her most recent result: A robot that acts like an insect."了解昆虫大脑的内部运作可以帮助我们探索节能计算，格罗宁根大学的物理学家Elisabetta Chicca展示了她的最新成果：一个像昆虫一样行动的机器人。可知，Chicca研究昆虫大脑的工作原理是为了让电脑更有效率地工作。故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"towards the area with the least apparent motion"朝向运动最不明显的区域；以及第三段中的"He had his robot drive through a long ‘corridor'— consisting of two walls with a random print on it — and the robot centred in the middle of the corridor, as insects tend to do."他让他的机器人驶过一条长长的"走廊"——由两面墙组成，上面有一个随机的指纹——机器人就像昆虫一样，站在走廊中央。可知，划线词与drive意思相近，意思为：行驶，前进。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘The model is so good,' Chicca concludes, ‘that once you set it up, it will perform in all kinds of environments. That's the beauty of this result.'"Chicca总结道："这个模型非常好，一旦你把它设置好，它就能在各种环境中运行。这就是这个结果的美妙之处。"可推知，Chicca对于机器人的表现十分满意。故选D。
11．考查段落大意。根据第五段中的"Rather, the model gives insight into how insects do the job, and how they manage to do things so efficiently."相反，这个模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成这项工作的，以及它们是如何如此高效地完成任务的；第六段中的"Much of robotics is not concerned with efficiency. We humans tend to learn new tasks as we grow up and within robotics. This is reflected in the current trend of machine learning. But insects are able to fly immediately from birth. An efficient way of doing that is hardwired in their brains. In a similar way, you could make computers more efficient."很多机器人技术与效率无关。随着我们的成长，我们人类倾向于在机器人中学习新的任务。这反映在当前机器学习的趋势中。但昆虫一出生就能飞。一种有效的方法在他们的大脑中根深蒂固。同样地，你可以使计算机更有效率。可知，文章最后两段解释了昆虫导航比计算机有效率的原因，即"为什么昆虫的导航比机器人更有效率"。故选B。
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
We cannot argue with reality. We cannot argue with science. Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe.
Let's start with science. The science of a straight line falls under the subject of physics. It might seem like a complicated topic, but the theory behind it is pretty simple. If you start rowing in a boat from one place and keep sailing, the concept of the curved（弯曲的） Earth will take you in a circle and you will end up where you started. The brain forms the concept of a straight line to simplify what you see in nature. Consider it a tool for the mind to recognize reality.
The concept of straight lines was controversial and heavily influenced the politics and society of Europe from the 15th century to the 17th century. Greek thinkers and scholars like Aristotle in the 5th century already proved that the Earth was a globe, but many Europeans at that time did not believe in this idea! However, some Europeans during the Age of Exploration denied this belief. Just as the famous Italian scientist Galileo Galilei was persecuted（迫害） for advocating a heliocentric （日心的） model of the solar system, many thinkers like Giordano Bruno were shamed for believing that the Earth was round.
Well, my friends, let's move on to life. The concept of nothing going in a straight line can be associated with life as much as it relates to science and architecture. Whenever you do something, it never turns out to play out exactly as planned. I especially know that as a thirteen-year-old! Life is a rough road—every time you go forward, it is followed by two steps back or to the side. Just like how science explains it, life is a curvy path full of unexpected twists, turns, and adventures that nobody can ever predict.
12． What does paragraph 1 function as
A．An introduction to the topic.
B．A means to attract readers.
C．An explanation of a common sense.
D．A proof of the author's opinion.
13． What would happen without the concept of straight line
A．The mind could not recognize realities.
B．Things in nature might look complicated.
C．What you see in nature could seem simple.
D．People in the 16th century might find the Earth flat.
14．Which can best describe the road of proving the Earth round
A．Plain and smooth. B．Easy but fruitless.
C．Long and tough. D．Bothersome but safe.
15． What's the best title for the text
A．A Straight Line: Everything Simple
B．A Straight Line: People's Good Wish
C．A Straight Line: Difficult To Prove
D．A Straight Line: Simply Nonexistent
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；日常生活类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了直线这一概念在科学和生活中的含义。文章首先指出宇宙中不存在直线这个事实是不可否认的，从物理学的角度进行了解释，并通过历史阐述了直线概念在欧洲政治和社会中的影响。最后，作者指出生活中并没有所谓的直线前进，而是充满着曲折、转折和冒险。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段"We cannot argue with reality. We cannot argue with science. Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe. "我们不能与现实争论。我们不能与科学争论。因此，我们根本无法否认宇宙中没有直线这一事实。指出从现实和科学出发，宇宙中没有直线，后面的段落围绕这一点展开。因此，本段主要是引入文章的话题：宇宙中没有直线。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The brain forms the concept of a straight line to simplify what you see in nature. Consider it a tool for the mind to recognize reality. "大脑形成直线的概念是为了简化你在自然中看到的东西。把它看作是大脑认识现实的工具。可推知，如果没有直线概念，自然界的东西将看起来非常复杂。故选B。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Greek thinkers and scholars like Aristotle in the 5th century already proved that the Earth was a globe, but many Europeans at that time did not believe in this idea! However, some Europeans during the Age of Exploration denied this belief. Just as the famous Italian scientist Galileo Galilei was persecuted (迫害) for advocating a heliocentric (日心的) model of the solar system, many thinkers like Giordano Bruno were shamed for believing that the Earth was round. "5世纪的希腊思想家和学者，如亚里士多德，已经证明了地球是一个球体，但当时许多欧洲人并不相信这个想法！然而，在大航海时代，一些欧洲人否认了这种信仰。正如著名的意大利科学家伽利略·伽利雷因倡导日心说而受到迫害一样，许多思想家，比如乔尔丹诺·布鲁诺，也因相信地球是圆的而受到羞辱。可知，很长一段时间中，欧洲人并不相信地球是一个球体的想法，在大航海时代那些有正确想法的科学家和思想家还受到压迫。可推知，证明地球是个球体的道路漫长而又艰难。故选C。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe. "因此，我们根本无法否认宇宙中没有直线这一事实。可知，作者向我们论述了宇宙中不存在直线的事实，进而谈到人生是没有直线的。"直线：根本不存在"契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
二、第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Families differ from each other. Some are traditional and seem to be perfect; some are dysfunctional, but tend to still be strong; some are so calm, but controlled and some seem to be rich and have everything, but lack love.　16． 　 I've come up with some qualities that would make a great family.
Give credit and appreciate. One of my best memories as a child is when my report card came out with good grades. I then showed it to my parents and they would give me treats, new toys or even money. 　17． 　 Appreciation for small and large things alike is important to boost one's self-esteem and express the love you have for each other.
Talk to each other.　18． 　 They tend to choose family members (and not friends or neighbors) as their first resort to express their emotions, talk about their fears or desires and help solve their problems. Their meal times are always full of positive conversation and exchange of ideas. And more importantly, they lay out specific ground rules, know their limitations and know a lot about the members of their family.
　19． 　 No matter how perfect you think your family is, there will come a time that it will be tested, and problems will hit you right in your face. Strong families should learn how to combine all the above qualities and use it to survive every difficulty.
Spiritual wellness. Some might disagree that spiritual wellness is important to a family, but truly, a great family has strong faith and belief no matter what their religion is. When a family has a strong spiritual foundation, they are just more loving and understanding, thus making them stronger.　20． 　.
A. So do you feel the same way
B. Never conflict with family members.
C. The ability to deal with stress, conflict and crisis.
D. So the old question is, what makes a great family
E. Strong families have an effective communication environment.
F. Simple showing of appreciation is one of the qualities of a great family.
G. So invest in your family's spiritual wellness and learn to be optimistic.
【答案】16．D；17．F；18．E；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些可以组成一个强大家庭的品质。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Some are traditional and seem to be perfect; some are dysfunctional, but tend to still be strong; some are so calm, but controlled and some seem to be rich and have everything, but lack love."有些是传统的，似乎是完美的；有些功能失调，但往往仍然坚强；有些很冷静，但受控制；有些人似乎很富有，拥有一切，但缺乏爱。说明了家庭各自有各自的不同；以及空后"I've come up with some qualities that would make a great family."我想出了一些可以组成一个伟大家庭的品质。可知，空处引出主题，D. So the old question is, what makes a great family "所以老生常谈的问题是，是什么造就了一个伟大的家庭"对上文总结，并引出下文。故选D。
17．根据空前"Give credit and appreciate."给予信任和感激；以及空后"Appreciation for small and large things alike is important to boost one's self-esteem and express the love you have for each other."对小事和大事的感激对于提升一个人的自尊和表达你们对彼此的爱都很重要。表示感激的重要性， F. Simple showing of appreciation is one of the qualities of a great family. "简单地表达感激是一个大家庭的品质之一"表明感激是优良的大家庭品质之一，符合语境。故选F。
18．根据空前"Talk to each other."相互交谈， E. Strong families have an effective communication environment. "强大的家庭有一个有效的沟通环境"为具体展开，表明家庭成员之间应能良好的沟通，是另外一个好品质。故选E。
19．根据空后"No matter how perfect you think your family is, there will come a time that it will be tested, and problems will hit you right in your face. Strong families should learn how to combine all the above qualities and use it to survive every difficulty."无论你认为你的家庭多么完美，总有一天会受到考验，问题会直接打在你的脸上。强大的家庭应该学会如何结合以上所有的品质，并用它来度过每一个困难。可知，本段在讲强大的家庭应该能很好地处理问题，C. The ability to deal with stress, conflict and crisis."处理压力、冲突和危机的能力"总领下文。故选C。
20．根据空前"When a family has a strong spiritual foundation, they are just more loving and understanding, thus making them stronger."当一个家庭有一个强大的精神基础，他们只是更多的爱和理解，从而使他们更强大。可知，此处强调有强大的精神基础的重要性， G. So invest in your family's spiritual wellness and learn to be optimistic. "因此，投资于家庭的精神健康，学会乐观"中spiritual wellness与标题对应，符合语境。故选G。
三、语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Daniel Hove spent years serving his community in Wisconsin as the Assistant Fire Chief for the Burnsville Fire Department. In 2012, he 21． from the job he loved after doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic（胰腺的） cancer.
Daniel spent years fighting the 22． disease. And he had tons of 23． from friends and family. But his beloved 11-year-old Labrador （拉布拉多猎犬）, Gunner, 24． by his side every step of the way.
As Daniel's 25． grew more difficult, Gunner became ill, too. And he 26． the highs and lows right along with his favorite human.
"When my dad would get restless, the dog would be 27． ," Daniel's daughter Heather explained. "So once we 28． how the dog was doing—he wasn't moving much anymore and not doing well—we knew, it was coming."
As Gunner's suffering hit its peak, Heather 29． knew the dog's time on Earth was done. Gunner was 30． an animal hospital where the veterinarian put him to 31． forever. And soon after Gunner passed away, Daniel found his 32． was close. About an hour and a half later, Daniel was gone too. 33． in life, the dog and his beloved owner also remained that way in death.
Special friends are placed in our lives. And the story of this dog and his owner is a beautiful 34． that sometimes those furry friends offer lifelong 35． without words.
21．A． came B． retired C． returned D． suffered
22．A． common B． impressive C． terrible D． addictive
23．A． support B． praise C． criticism D． popularity
24．A． moved B． swung C． stopped D． remained
25．A． devotion B． decision C． battle D． work
26．A． experienced B． enhanced C． conveyed D． explored
27．A． unsatisfied B． uneasy C． selfless D． careless
28．A． proved B． inferred C． guessed D． saw
29．A． exactly B． frequently C． instantly D． originally
30．A． rushed to B． sent for
C． thrown into D． dropped by
31．A． play B． sleep C． live D． wake
32．A． place B． healing C． time D． liking
33．A． Inseparable B． Suitable
C． Countable D． Unbelievable
34．A． fashion B． reminder C． form D． encounter
35．A． process B． education C． learning D． company
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．D；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了忠犬Gunner和主人共同抗击疾病，一直陪伴到终生的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：2012年，在医生诊断出他患有胰腺癌后，他从自己热爱的工作中退休了。A. came"来"；B. retired"退休"；C. returned"返回"；D. suffered"遭受，受难"。根据空后"after doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic (胰腺的) cancer."可知，发现自己身患癌症，丹尼尔从工作中退休了。故选B。
22．句意：丹尼尔花了数年时间与这种可怕的疾病抗争。A. common"常见的"；B. impressive"印象深刻的"；C. terrible"可怕的，非常严重的"；D. addictive"成瘾的"。根据上文"pancreatic (胰腺的) cancer"可知，胰腺癌是一种可怕的疾病。故选C。
23．句意：他得到了朋友和家人的大力支持。A. support"支持"；B. praise"赞扬"；C. criticism"批评"；D. popularity"流行，普及，受欢迎"。根据空后"from friends and family"可知，丹尼尔生病后得到了朋友和家人的支持。故选A。
24．句意：但他心爱的11岁拉布拉多犬Gunner一直陪伴在他身边。A. moved"移动"；B. swung"摆动，摇晃"；C. stopped"阻止"；D. remained"留在，保持"。根据语境可知，爱犬Gunner一直陪在丹尼尔的身边。故选D。
25．句意：随着丹尼尔的战斗变得越来越艰难，Gunner也病倒了。A. devotion"投入"；B. decision "决定"；C. battle"对抗，战斗"；D. work"工作"。根据上文"Daniel spent years fighting the 2 disease."可知，丹尼尔一直在和疾病作斗争，这里表示战斗越来越难。故选C。
26．句意：他和他最喜欢的人类一起经历了高潮和低谷。A. experienced"体验，经历"；B. enhanced "加强"；C. conveyed"传达"；D. explored"探索"。根据上文"Gunner became ill, too"可知，Gunner也病了；以及空后"highs and lows right along with his favorite human."可知，Gunner和主人一起经历了高潮和低谷。故选A。
27．句意：丹尼尔的女儿希瑟解释说："当我爸爸不安的时候，狗也会不安。"A. unsatisfied"不满意的"；B. uneasy"担忧的，不安的"；C. selfless"无私的"；D. careless"粗心的"。根据空前"When my dad would get restless"；以及上文"And he 6 _ highs and lows right along with his favorite human."可知，丹尼尔不安的时候，狗也会不安。故选B。
28．句意：所以，一旦我们看到狗的情况——它不怎么动了，也不怎么好——我们就知道，它撑不住了。A. proved"证明"；B. inferred"推断"；C. guessed"猜测"；D. saw"看见"。根据空后"he wasn't moving much anymore and not doing well"可知，这是看到的狗的情况。故选D。
29．句意：当Gunner的痛苦达到顶峰时，Heather立刻意识到这只狗在地球上的时间已经结束了。A. exactly"确切地"；B. frequently"频繁地"；C. instantly"立即"；D. originally"原始地"。根据空前"As Gunner's suffering hit its peak"可知，当看到Gunner很痛苦，Heather立刻意识到狗在地球上的日子快到了。故选C。
30．句意：Gunner被紧急送往动物医院，在那里兽医让他永远地沉睡了。A. rushed to"匆忙送往"；B. sent for"请 (某人) 来"；C. thrown into"扔进，使……投入"；D. dropped b"y顺便拜访"。根据上文"knew the dog's time on Earth was done."；以及空后"an animal hospital"可知，狗的情况不好，应被赶紧送往医院。故选A。
31．句意：Gunner被紧急送往动物医院，在那里兽医让他永远地沉睡了。A. play"玩"；B. sleep"睡觉"；C. live"住"；D. wake"叫醒"。根据下文"And soon after Gunner passed away"可知，此处表示医生让狗安乐死，一直睡去。故选B。
32．句意：在Gunner去世后不久，Daniel发现他的时间不多了。A. place"地方"；B. healing"康复"；C. time"时间"；D. liking"喜好，嗜好，乐趣"。根据上文"knew the dog's time on Earth was done"可知，当看到Gunner去世后，丹尼尔也知道自己的时间不多了。故选C。
33．句意：这只狗和它心爱的主人生前形影不离，死后也形影不离。A. Inseparable"不可分割的"；B. Suitable"合适的"；C. Countable"可数的"；D. Unbelievable"不可思议的"。根据上文"Gunner, 4 by his side every step of the way."；以及空后"the dog and his beloved owner also remained that way in death."可知，丹尼尔和Gunner生前形影不离，死后也形影不离。故选A。
34．句意：这只狗和它的主人的故事是一个美丽的提醒，有时这些毛茸茸的朋友会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。A. fashion"时尚"；B. reminder"提醒人的事物"；C. form"形式"；D. encounter"相遇"。根据空前"And the story of this dog and his owner is a beautiful"‘'以及空后"sometimes those furry friends offer lifelong 15 without words."可知，这只狗和它的主人的故事提醒我们这些毛茸茸动物的价值，他们有时会提供一生的无言的陪伴。故选B。
35．句意：这只狗和它的主人的故事是一个美丽的提醒，有时这些毛茸茸的朋友会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。A. process"过程"；B. education"教育"；C. learning"学习"；D. company"陪伴"。根据语境并结合本文故事可知，狗Gunner一直在陪伴得病的主人，直到去世，因此，动物们会提供一生的陪伴，不用言语。故选D。
四、第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An international team of astronomers used a database combining observations from the best telescopes in the world 　36． 　 (detect) the signal from the active supermassive black holes of dying galaxies（星系） in the early universe. The 　37． 　 (appear) of these active supermassive black holes is related to changes in the host galaxy. This means a black hole could have far reaching effects 　38． 　 the evolution of its host galaxy.
The Milky Way Galaxy 　39． 　 we live includes stars of various ages, including stars still forming. But in some other galaxies,　40． 　 (know) as elliptical（椭圆的） galaxies, all of the stars are old and about the same age. This indicates that early in 　41． 　 (they) histories elliptical galaxies had a period of rich star formation that suddenly ended. Why this star formation stopped in some galaxies 　42． 　 not others is not well understood. One possibility is that a supermassive black hole disrupts（瓦解） the gas in some galaxies,　43． 　 (create) an environment unsuitable for star formation.
To test this theory, astronomers look at distant galaxies. Due to the limited speed of light, it takes time for light to travel across the void of space. The light we saw last night from an object 10 billion light years away 　44． 　 (travel) for 10 billion years to reach Earth. Thus the light we see today shows us what the galaxy looked like when the light left that galaxy 10 billion years ago. So looking at distant galaxies is like looking back in time. But the longer distance also means that distant galaxies look 　45． 　 (small), making study more difficult.
【答案】36．to detect；37．appearance；38．on；39．where；40．known；41．their；42．but；43．creating；44．had travelled；45．smaller
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对早期宇宙中垂死星系的活跃的超大质量黑洞的研究。这些活跃的超大质量黑洞的出现与宿主星系的变化有关。银河系的恒星有着年龄差距，而其他星系比如椭圆星系的恒星则年龄相同。研究人员对超大质量黑洞的存在和对其宿主星系的影响进行了猜测，同时希望通过研究更遥远的星系获得进一步的理解。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，介词，定语从句，代词，连词，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：一个国际天文学家团队使用了一个数据库，结合了世界上最好的望远镜的观测结果，来探测早期宇宙中垂死星系的活跃超大质量黑洞发出的信号。此处为目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to detect。
37．句意：这些活跃的超大质量黑洞的出现与宿主星系的变化有关。空前"The"为定冠词，作名词的限定词，因此这里应是名词。"appear"，动词，意为"出现"，其名词形式为"appearance(出现，表面)"，不可数名词。故填appearance。
38．句意：这意味着黑洞可能对其宿主星系的演化产生深远影响。根据空前"effects"可推知，这里应是固定短语have effects on sth，"对某物有影响"。故填on。
39．句意：我们居住的银河系包括不同年龄的恒星，包括仍在形成的恒星。 we live includes stars of various ages, including stars still forming是限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
40．句意：但在其他一些被称为椭圆星系的星系中，所有的恒星都是古老的，年龄大致相同。know与some other galaxies在逻辑上是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作后置定语。故填known。
41．句意：这表明，在椭圆星系的早期历史中，有一段恒星形成丰富的时期，但突然结束了。根据空后"histories"为名词复数，应是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
42．句意：为什么这种恒星形成在一些星系中停止，而在其他星系中没有停止，人们还没有很好地理解。some galaxies与others之间为并列关系，且由否定词"not"可知，这里应是转折，因此用并列连词but连接。故填but。
43．句意：一种可能性是，超大质量黑洞破坏了一些星系中的气体，创造了一个不适合恒星形成的环境。a supermassive black hole与create在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词，此处作结果状语，故填creating。
44．句意：我们昨晚看到的从100亿光年外的物体发出的光经过100亿年才到达地球。此处是谓语动词，结合语境可知，该动词在从句动作saw之前发生，因此，主句应是用过去完成时，故填had travelled。
45．句意：但是更远的距离也意味着遥远的星系看起来更小，这使得研究更加困难。结合语境"the longer distance"，"making study more difficult"可推知，这里应是形容词比较级，表达"离得更远，星系看起来更小，研究起来更困难"。故填smaller。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）
46．（2024高二下·梅州期中）假定你是李华，你班下周要进行英语口语测试，你想请你的交换生同学Jeffrey 和你进行一次口语模拟测试（a mock speaking test)。请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.口语考试介绍；
2.提出请求；
3.期待回复。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jeffrey,
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jeffrey,
How is it going with you I am writing to inform you that we will have an English speaking test next week. This test is an important part of our language learning process and it assesses our ability to communicate effectively in English.
I would like to ask if you could help me by participating in a mock speaking test with me. It would be a great opportunity for me to practice and improve my speaking skills. We can choose a convenient time and find a quiet place to have the test.
Please let me know if you are available and willing to help. Looking forward to your response.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 发一封电子邮件 。写作背景： 你班下周要进行英语口语测试，你想请你的交换生同学Jeffrey 和你进行一次口语模拟测试 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.口语考试介绍；2.提出请求；3.期待回复。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am writing to inform you that we will have an English speaking test next week.运用了不定式作宾语，宾语从句； This test is an important part of our language learning process and it assesses our ability to communicate effectively in English.运用了并列句；I would like to ask if you could help me by participating in a mock speaking test with me. 运用了宾语从句，不定式作宾语；It would be a great opportunity for me to practice and improve my speaking skills. 运用了it作形式主语；Please let me know if you are available and willing to help. 运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补，宾语从句。
六、第二节 （满分25分）
47．（2024高二下·梅州期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I was looking for a new flat, I was temporarily staying at a lovely small hotel. Unfortunately, during that time, I was due to participate in an online conference for an entire week. I was stuck inside from 10:00 am until 5:00 pm, the entire duration of the cleaning hours. I figured that I could go those five days without my room being cleaned and it wouldn't be a problem. I would just put a "Do Not Disturb" sign on my door.
On the second day as I was heading to get breakfast at the hotel, I bumped（撞见） into the cleaning lady named Anna. I asked her if I could give her my rubbish, and I mentioned that I would be working the entire day so she needn't worry about cleaning my room. She smiled and said it was okay.
The next day, when I returned from my breakfast, my room had already been cleaned. The same happened on the following day. On Friday, I finished my breakfast quicker than usual and the cleaning lady was just heading out. She smiled and said that she was happy that even though I ate quicker than usual, she was still able to finish in time.
I finally realized that all this time, she had been keeping an eye on when I headed for breakfast so she could clean my room. Given that looking for a flat in a new city and working in one of the smallest hotel rooms in London were already very stressful, I was incredibly moved. I thanked Anna and told her that, fortunately, it was the very last day of the conference, but I was very thankful.
The following week, I finally got the keys for my new flat. Excited and grateful for all the help I had received while moving in, I bought a box of chocolates and made my way to the receptionist.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I said to the receptionist, "Could you please give those to Anna "
After a while, Anna arrived, looking slightly puzzled.
【答案】I said to the receptionist, "Could you please give those to Anna " The receptionist, a warm and friendly man looked at me in confusion and I continued, "She's the cleaning lady who has been taking care of my room every day during my stay here. I really appreciate all the extra effort she put in to make sure my room was clean, even when I thought it didn't need to be. I want to show her my gratitude." The man smiled and nodded in understanding. "Please wait a moment, Anna is in the building. I'll call her, and you can thank her in person."
After a while, Anna arrived, looking slightly puzzled. When she saw the box of chocolates, her eyes lit up with surprise and joy. She thanked me earnestly, clearly touched by the gesture. It was heartwarming to see her smile and know that I had made her day just as she had made mine. This simple act of appreciation made me realize the impact of showing gratitude and kindness to others, even in small ways. From that day on, I made it a point to always express my appreciation for the hard work of others, just like Anna had done for me.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者在寻找新公寓期间居住在一家小旅馆里，因为需要参加整整一周的在线会议而无法打扫房间，却意外受到清洁女工Anna无私的帮助。Anna通过观察作者的早餐时间，以合适的时机打扫房间，为作者减轻压力。最终，作者搬进新公寓，他很感激Anna的帮助，购买了巧克力，想送给她以表达感谢之情。 段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我对接待员说：‘你能把这些给Anna吗？'"可知，第一段可描写作者向接待员说明自己想感谢Anna的缘由，以及接待员表示理解，为作者联系Anna，让他亲自表示感谢。②由第二段首句内容"过了一会儿，Anna来了，看上去有点困惑。"可知，第二段可描写Anna收到作者的巧克力的动人反应，以及作者从这件事中得到的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：The receptionist, a warm and friendly man looked at me in confusion and I continued, ...运用了同位语，并列句；She's the cleaning lady who has been taking care of my room every day during my stay here. 运用了限制性定语从句；I really appreciate all the extra effort she put in to make sure my room was clean, even when I thought it didn't need to be.运用了限制性定语从句，宾语从句，时间状语从句； I'll call her, and you can thank her in person.运用了并列句； When she saw the box of chocolates, her eyes lit up with surprise and joy. 运用了时间状语从句； It was heartwarming to see her smile and know that I had made her day just as she had made mine. 运用了it作形式主语，宾语从句，时间状语从句；This simple act of appreciation made me realize the impact of showing gratitude and kindness to others, even in small ways. 运用了省略to的不定式作宾补。
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