定语从句最详细复习课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
定语从句
Harvey
1．I still remember the college and the teachers ___ I visited in London years ago.
A．which B．who C．that D．whom
2．I like food ________ sweet.
A．that are B．who are C．that is D．who is
3．Who is the girl ______ is drawing a picture under that tree
A．that B．which C．whose D．what
将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句
I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
_______________________________________________________________
C
C
A
I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
his desk Tom's father
a beautiful city three teachers
women teachers in the room above
a developing country
a developed country
There is nothing to do today.
an article about how to learn English
a city which is beautiful
物主代词
形容词
名词
现在分词
过去分词
不定式
介词短语
从句
名词所有格
数词
副词
1、这是一个用功的女孩。
This is a hard-working girl.
定语
修饰句子中的名词或代词的句子成分
2、这是一个读过很多书的女孩。
定语
This is a girl who has read a lot of books.
修饰girl
含义
修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
修饰 girl
This is the classroom where we study.
修饰 classroom
定语从句
Stark is a nice teacher.
Stark is a teacher.
Stark likes reading.
Stark is a teacher who likes reading.
who
Stark is a teacher who likes reading.
关系代词
先行词
先行词
是被定语从句所修饰的词 （通常是名词或代词）
关系代词
1.引导定语从句
2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。
定语从句的关系词有：
that, which, who, whom, whose
where, when, why
关系代词
关系副词
问 物 问 人
问 程度 问 原因
当先行词是物时, 用 which 或 that 引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
当先行词是人时, 用who , whom, whose , that 引导.
关系代词
1. The girl_________ is drawing is Jim’s sister.
2. The boy ___________we talked about will come.
who/that
(whom/that)
当先行词是人
①当先行词是人,又在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,关系词用 who/that.
②当先行词充当宾语时,关系词可以省略,也可以用 whom.
who, whom, whose, that 用法区别.
who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
分解
作主语
Whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
分解
作宾语
1. The worker _________ arm was cut down was sent to hospital.
2. The house ________door is broken is my home.
whose
whose
当先行词在定语从句中充当所有格
人的
物的
当先行词在定语从句中充当所有格时，表示所属关系，
引导词用whose，此时先行词可以是人也可以是物
(2018年广东中考真题)(正确率42.1%)
I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
B
1. The dog_____________wants to eat meat is in my room.
2. The car_____________ he bought was a second-hand one.
(which/that)
which/that
当先行词为物
当先行词为物，又在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，关系词用which/that
当先行词充当宾语时，关系词可以省略。
用适当的关系代词 that, which, who, 填空。
1. The boy _________ is playing pingpong is my classmate.
2. The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
3. I hate people ________ talk much but do little.
4. Lucy can’t eat food __________ has chocolate in it.
5. The students___________have finished the work can leave.
6.The book____________he bought yesterday is very interesting.
7.I still remember the people and the beach__________impressed me a lot.
that/who
that/which
that/which
that/who
who/that
which/that
that
(1)先行词中有形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best book that he wrote.
(2)先行词中含有序数词时。
He is the second person that helps me.
(3)先行词中含有不定代词everything，something，anything，nothing等时。
Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么能为您效劳的吗
关系代词只能用 that 的情况
(4)先行词中含有表唯一的词时。the very, they only, the one
That is the only thing that I can do now. 这是我现在唯一能做的。
(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
The boy and his bag that I saw were by the window.
我在窗户边看见了那个男孩和他的包。
(6)先行词所在的主句中出现了who,which时，避免重复。
Who is the man that you talked with just now
最高级；序数词；
不定代；表唯一；
人和物；避重复
关系代词只能用 that 的情况
1
2
介词后
先行词是 that
1.The city in ___ she lives is far away.
A. that B. which C. who
2. What's that ___ flashed in the sky just now
A. which B. that C. who
先行词是物，that 和 which 相比，只能填 which 的情况
①The young lady _____ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
A.what B.whose C.whom D.which
②I will do everything _______ I can do to help you.
A.which B.that C.who D. what
③This is the job ______ they laughed at.
A. which B. as C. it D. who
万唯考点1. 关系代词的用法
关系代词 用 法 例 子
who,whom 先行词是人， who的先行词在从句中作主语或宾语， whom的先行词只在从句中作宾语。 ①Here comes the man who wants to see you.
想见你的那个人来了。
②This is the boy who/whom you wants to find.
这就是你想找到的男孩。
which 先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语。 ①Mary likes music which is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢安静柔和的音乐。
②The film which we saw last night was very interesting.
我们昨晚看的电影非常有趣。
that 先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。 ①This is the person that you are looking for.
这正是你要找的人。
②This is an old computer that works much slower.
这是一台运行速度慢得多的旧电脑。
whose 先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语，后面有名词，表示“……的”。 ①This is the girl whose parents are very busy.
这就是那个父母都很忙的女孩。
②I'd like a room whose windows are big.
我想要一个窗户都很大的房间。
（　　） 1. We'll never forget those _______ lost their lives for our country.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
（　　） 2. We all like comedies _______ make us relaxed.
A. who B. that C. whom D. when
（　　） 3. The prize went to the girl ___ speech was the most natural and fluent.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
（　　） 4. Du Fu is a great Chinese poet _______ has become popular with many people around the world.
A. which B. whom C. that D. whose
● 考点1专练
A
B
先行词指人，在从句中做主语
Those lost their lives.
D
C
先行词是人，空格后是名词
speech 是 girl 发出来的动作，从属关系
先行词指人，排除which，空格后无名词，排除whose
poet是从句的主语，排除whom
原句 poet has become popular with many people
（　　） 5. The number of people _______ own(拥有) cars is increasing rapidly.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
（　　） 6. Do you know the man _______ I spoke to just now？
A. when B. whom C. where D. whose
（　　） 7. —Do you like the song A.P.T.？
—Yes. I like the songs _______ I can sing along with.
A. that B. who C. whose D. whom
（　　） 8. The person with_______ my father is talking is a novelist.
A. whom B. who C. that D. /
A
B
先行词是人，排除which，后无名词，排除whose
people 做从句的主语
先行词是人，在从句中做宾语
I spoke to the man.
A
A
先行词是人，前有介词
且先行词做从句的宾语
原句：my father is talking with the person
（　　） 9. —Which is your new neighbor，Li Hua？
—The man _______ T-shirt is red.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. who
C
先行词和从句是从属关系
万唯考点2 关系代词的特殊情况
用 法 情 况 例 子
1. 只能用 whom 先行词是人，关系词在从句中作宾语，且前面有介词 This is the friend to whom I talk a lot.
这就是跟我谈话很多的那个朋友。
2. 只能用which 先行词是物，关系词在从句中作宾语，且前面有介词 I love the school in which I studied three years ago.
我爱我三年前在那里学习过的学校。
先行词是人，且前面有介词，用whom
先行词是物，且前面有介词，用which
3. 只能用 that
（1）当先行词是不定代词anything, everything, nothing, something, few, little 等或被这些词修饰时 ①I will do everything that I can to help you.
我会尽我所能去帮助你。
②All that can be done has been done.
能做的所有事情都已经做了。
（2）当先行词被 the only， the very，the last 等词修饰时 ①That is the very dress that I want to buy.
那正是我想要买的裙子。
②English is the only subject that I like.
英语是我唯一喜欢的科目。
③Cleaning the room again is the last thing that I can do for you.
再次打扫房间是我能为你做的最后一件事。
（3）当先行词是 序数词或 形容词最高级或 被该类词修饰时 ①The first place that she wants to visit is the library.
她第一个想参观的地方是图书馆。
②Mr. Li's class is the most interesting one that I have ever had. 李老师的课是我上过的最有趣的课。
（4）当先行词 既有人又有物时 Can you remember the writer and his books that we have reported？
你记得我们报道过的那位作家和他的书吗？
最高级 序数词
不定代 表唯一
人和物 避重复
（　　） 1. The person from ________the message came did not say his name.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
（　　） 2. Being blind is something ________ most people can't imagine.
A. what B. who C. which D. that
（　　） 3. I still remember the college and the teachers ________I visited in London years ago.
A. that B. who C. which D. when
（　　） 4. This is the most educational movie ________ I have ever seen during summer vacation.
A. which B. that C. what D. whose
● 考点2专练
C
D
先行词是人，前有介词
先行词是不定代词something
A
B
先行词有人也有物
先行词有最高级修饰
（　　） 5. I will try my best to do all ____ I can to help you with your study.
A. which B. who C. that D. why
（　　） 6. The engineer with ________ my father works is about 50 years old.
A. who B. when C. which D. whom
（　　） 7. The house in ________Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. which B. where C. that D. who
（　　） 8. The first book ________ he wrote was for children.
A. that B. which C. whom D. who
C
D
前面有介词with，且关系词在从句中做宾语
原句：my father works with the engineer
A
A
先行词是物，前有介词
先行词有序数词修饰
关系副词
关系副词有三个，分别是：
when
where
why
表示
时间
地点
原因
Could you still remember the time when the train left
This is the factory where my father works
Do you know the reason why he was late for school
when the train left
the time
the factory
where my father works
the reason
why he was late for school
when
where
why
（指时间，作从句的时间状语）
（指地点，作从句的地点状语）
（指原因，作从句的原因状语）
when / where / why 的先行词一般为时间，地点和原因，所以要根据先行词来安排符合其词义的关系词，以此来强调先行词的特征。
① Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
②We live in an age ______ technology has been developed.
A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which
③I will find out the reason ______ we can always be a child.
A. which B. why C. when D. where
关系副词主要有 when, where, why, 在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语，常可以用 介词+ which 结构代替。
关系 副词 先行词 例 子
when day, year, date, time等 表示时间的名词 I want to know the day when he was born.
= I want to know the day on which he was born.
我想知道他出生在哪一天。
where place， city， Guangdong等表示地点的名词 He still loves the school where we studied together two years ago.
=He still loves the school in which we studied together two years ago.
他仍然爱那所我们两年前一起在那里读过书的学校。
why 表示原因的名词reason Do you know the reason why he was late for school？
= Do you know the reason for which he was late for school？
你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？
时间 + when
地点 + where
reason ＋ why
介词＋which 结构
以when和where为例
I want to know that day when he was born .
I want to know that day.
He was born on that day.
分解
此句从复合句变为两句时，从句因为语法规定，在时间点that day 前必须用介词 on
所以如果关系词不是 when，而是用 which 时，为了突出先行词特征，则必须在 which 前加上 on
I want to know that day on which he was born.
介词＋which 结构
以when和where为例
He still loves the school where we studied together two years ago.
He still loves the school.
We studied together in the school two years ago.
分解
此句从复合句变为两句时，从句因为语法规定，在地点the school前必须用介词 in
所以如果关系词不是用 where，而是用 which 时，为了突出先行词特征，则必须在 which 前加上 in
He still loves the school in which we studied together two years ago.
介词＋which 结构
when = on which
where = in which
why = for which
用介词＋which 的形式填空
① The age______ ______children can go to school is seven.
② Do you know the building______ ______is flying a red flag
③ This is the reason______ ______we do homework everyday.
④ There are enough beds______ ______they can sleep.
⑤ He lives in a house______ ______he grew up
on which
in which
for which
in which
in which
（　　） 1. I don't know the reason _______ she didn't agree to our plan.
A. why B. when
C. which D. that
（　　） 2. I'll never forget the day _______ we met each other.
A. which B. /
C. when D. where
● 考点3专练
A
C
the reason 原因
the day 后接when
（　　） 3. This place _______ you are standing was the site of an old church.
A. / B. where
C. which D. that
（　　） 4. The reason _______ he didn't come was that he was ill.
A. when B. what
C. that D. why
B
D
（　　） 5. I like the city _______the people are really kind and friendly.
A. whose
B. what
C. that
D. where
D
真题面对面
（　　） 1. （2010·广东）Paul's uncle is the man _______ taught us math last year.
A. where
B. which
C. who
D. when
C
（　　） 2. （2011·广东）The first thing _______ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.
A. which
B. that
C. why
D. who
B
先行词有最高级修饰
（　　） 3. （2012·广东）There will be a flower show in the park _______ we visited last week.
A. who
B. when
C. what
D. which
D
先行词做从句的宾语
原句：we visited the park
（　　） 4. （2013·广东）The young lady _______is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I Am a Singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
A
先行词是人，在从句中做主语
原句：lady is interviewing Lin zhixuan
（　　） 5. （2014·广东）When Robinson Crusoe got to the island，
the first thing _______ he did was to look for some food.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whom
B
（　　） 6. （2015·广东）Running Man is a very relaxing TV program _______ is hot among the young people.
A. what
B. which
C. who
D. whom
B
先行词是物
（　　） 7. （2016·广东）Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything _______ comes into sight is so new to me.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. whom
A
先行词是不定代词everything
（　　）8. （2017·广东）According to a survey，people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. who
D
先行词是人，在从句中做主语
原句：people are able to speak two languages
（　　） 9. （2019·广东）Not all children _______watch this video will become a scientist， but some may become interested in science.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. whose
C
先行词是人，无介词
在从句中做主语
原句：Children watch this video