2024-2025学年高一上学期期末Unit 1 Teenage Life 课文词汇总复习 任务单（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年高一上学期期末Unit 1 Teenage Life 课文词汇总复习 任务单（无答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-12-30 14:59:17 | ||
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高中英语2019人教版新教材词汇教学专题03
必修1 Unit 1 Teenage Life
词汇学习1+语篇提升训练 【新教材精创】
Learning goals:
To learn the first part of the words and expressions in Unit 1.
To finish some tasks about how to use the words and expressions in Unit 1.
To improve students’ reading skills by completing some reading comprehension.
Learning procedures:
01. teenage / ti:ne d / adj. 十几岁的(指13至19岁); 青少年的
teen n. 青少年（等于teenager）; 伤害，损坏; 痛苦，悲伤; 愤怒; 复数: teens
age- 构成集合名词，表总称 heritage [ her t d ] n.遗产；传统
age- 构成名词，表示行为或行为的结果 marriage [ m r d ] n. 婚姻 usage [ ju:s d ] n. 使用；用法wreckage [ rek d ] n. （车辆等的）残骸；（建筑物等的）废墟storage [ st r d ] n. 贮存，贮藏
teenage daughter
02. teenager / ti:ne d (r)/ n. (13至19岁之间的) 青少年
-er 放在名词或形容词后面构成名词，表示“人”，也可放在动词后面，表示做该动作的“物”
banker [ b k (r)] n. 银行家 villager [ v l d (r)] n. 村民 lighter [ la t (r)] n. 打火机 heater [ hi t (r)] n. 加热器；炉子
a club for teenagers
(2017浙江阅读) Because sleepiness is such a problem for _____（teenager） , some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. 因为困倦成为青少年的这样一个严重问题，一些校区决定高中课的上课时间比以前推迟。
03. ballet / b le / n. 芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧
04. volunteer / v l n t (r)/ n. 志愿者
voluntary adj.自愿的；义务性的 voluntary service/work/organisations 义务性服务/工作/机构
volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
volunteer for ...自愿...
volunteer as… 自愿担任……
work as a volunteer 做志愿者
volunteer activities/work志愿者活动/工作
When she arrived in our village, she volunteered to teach in our school. 当她来到我们村子里，她自愿到我们学校教书。
Do you need a volunteer to wash the dishes in the kitchen 你需要一个在厨房帮忙洗盘子的志愿者吗？
She does work for the Red Cross on a weekly basis. 她每周为红十字会做义工。
新译林必修第一册“I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels . “我放学后可以去狄龙的杂货店打工，”内尔斯自告奋勇。
05. debate /d 'be t/ n. 辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论
under debate在争论中
a debate on/about/over… 就……进行辩论
debate with sb. about/on就……与某人辩论
a heated debate激烈的争论
beyond/without debate无可争议
My friend Jim debated his opinions with his parents on his holiday plan.
我朋友吉姆就他的假期计划和父母进行了讨论。
即学即练
(1)There is a heated debate on/over/about whether women should spend more time at home.
对女性是否应该花更多时间待在家里有一场激烈的辩论。
(2)新外研必修第一册Think of another topic that is related to animals and ．
想另一个与动物有关的话题，并举行一场辩论。
(3)Tom the maths teacher the best method of working out the difficult problem.
汤姆和数学老师辩论解决这道难题的最佳方法。
(4)Who will attend the design competition on behalf of our school is still ．
谁将代表我校参加设计比赛还在讨论中。
① argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss, reason 这些动词均含"辩论，争论，说理"之意。
argue 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。
quarrel 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指"吵嘴、吵架"。
debate 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。
dispute 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感彩，常隐含"各持已见"或"争论不休"意味。
discuss 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。
reason 指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问题作更深入的研究。
② controversy, argument, conflict, debate, dispute, quarrel, strife 这组名词均有"争执，不和"之意。
controversy 侧重指深刻的意见分歧，多指对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的辨论。
argument 指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辨论。
conflict 指双方坚持已见、互不妥协，怀有敌意的争论，多暗示分歧极为严重，有时用语言无法解决，只得诉诸武力。
debate 通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。painful debate about abortion.
dispute 普通用词，侧重指长时间，言词激烈，针锋相对的争辩。territorial dispute
quarrel 普通用词，既可指言词激烈的争吵，也可指温和的言词上的不和。I would quarrel with you on that figure.
strife 指因不可缓和的矛盾而引起的争吵或斗殴。ethnic strife
06. prefer /pr f :(r)/ vt. 较喜欢 (preferred; preferred; preferring)
前缀2. pre- 相当于“before”，表示“之前，预先”prefer[to]更喜欢,宁愿pre在……前的,预先+fer带来→先带来→更喜欢
1. prefix [ pri:f ks] n. 前缀2. prehistory [ pri: h stri] n. 史前时期4. preschool [ pri:sku:l] adj. 学龄前的 n. 学前班5. precaution [pr k : n] n. 预防措施preview [ pri:vju:] n. & vt. 预言；预先评论11. preface
1.prefer sth 更喜欢某物prefer A to B喜欢A多于B
2.prefer to do/ doing更喜欢做某事
3.prefer to do A rather than B 比起做B更喜欢做A
4.prefer sb. to do sth. 更喜欢某人做某事不定式作宾语补足语
5.prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A
preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for ... 偏爱……
I prefer reading books written by Mo Yan to watching TV series based on his novels.
＝I prefer to books written by Mo Yan rather than TV series based on his novels.
＝I would books written by Mo Yan rather than TV series based on his novels.
＝I would rather books written by Mo Yan than TV series based on his novels.
我宁愿看莫言写的书，而不愿看根据他的小说拍摄的电视剧。
like, love, enjoy, fancy, adore, prefer 这些动词都有"喜欢，喜爱"之意。
like 最常用词，往往只表不太强烈的兴趣或关注，不带强烈的感情，除非另加修饰语。
love 不但表示强烈的喜欢，而且含依恋之情，因此多用于能激起深厚情感的人或物。
enjoy 指对能提供感观或智力上满足或快乐的东西表示欣赏或喜爱。
fancy 指喜爱投合自己心意、嗜好或欲望等的人或物。
adore 非正式用词，口语体。指非常喜爱，带强烈的感彩。
prefer 指有选择性或偏向性的喜欢。
07. prefer…to … 喜欢…多于…
08. content /'k ntent/ n. 内容; [pl] 目录; (书、讲话、节目等的)主题
ten1. =hold,表示"拿住,握住,支撑"; 2. 挽留
adj.content[with]满足的con全部+ten拿住,握住,支撑+t→全部拿住→容量,内容;满足的
discontent不满的dis不+content满足的→n.不满,不满足 adj.不满的
the contents of the letter信的内容
in content and form在内容和形式上
feel/be content with＝be satisfied with对……感到满足/满意
be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
content oneself with使....满足于
即学即练
①The best way to read a book is to look through the first, which are the main topics of the book, and then concentrate on the ， which is the detailed information.(content)
②The students were content the lecture about teenage life, which was given by a famous professor.
③As president of the Students' Union, I am content (organise) extra curricular activities to enrich our school life.
④The school clubs organised by the Students' Union failed (content) all the applicants.09. movement / mu:vm nt/ n. 动作；运动; 活动
10. greenhouse / gri:nha s/ n. 温室；暖房
11. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
(1)clean up after 跟在……后面收拾
clean out 把……打扫干净
其他up相关短语：
go up 升高；上涨；增长；build up 逐渐增强；建立；积累；pick up 习得；捡起；学会(一门语言); bring up 抚养；养育；make up 编造；虚构；弥补；组成
用up短语的适当形式填空
(1)It's surprising that your brother Russian so quickly.
令人惊讶的是你弟弟这么快就学会俄语了。
(2)It has been raining these days.I think the river will ．
这几天一直下雨，我认为河水会上涨。
(3)Every time John is late for school，he will a new excuse.
约翰每次迟到，他都会编造一个新的借口。
(4)Her parents died when she was a baby and she by her aunt.
她年幼丧父母，由她的姑姑抚养长大。
12. suitable / su:t bl/ adj. 适合的；适用的
suit vt.适合
suit sb. 适合某人
suit sth. to sth./sb. 使适合(或适应)某事物(或人)
be suitable for 对……适合的
be suitable to do /for (doing)适合作某事
[易混辨析：suitable/fit]
suitable 指对于某个人、某种情况或某一目的而言具备合适特性的，常后接介词for或动词不定式
fit 指在质量、素质、技能等方面适合做某事的，常后接介词for或动词不定式
④That wine is not fit_to drink.
那种葡萄酒不宜饮用。
⑤She had no other dress suitable_to wear for the party.
她没有其他适合在聚会上穿的裙子。
(1)语境语法填空
It was really difficult to find a (suit) job，but I was lucky to get one because the manager thought I was suitable the work.I went to buy neat black suit and a tie to wear in the office.But when I arrived at the office，the manager said the colour (not suit) me.How disappointed I was!
(2)The expedition club quite John because he has a fancy for adventures.
探险俱乐部很适合约翰，因为他喜欢冒险。
(3)Obviously, it is not (suit) to explore the virgin forest without any security measures.
显然，在没有任何安全措施的情况下，探索原始森林是不合适的。
(4)When seeing the film, John failed to concentrate and fell asleep. Actually, romantic movies didn't him.
看电影时，约翰无法集中注意力，睡着了。事实上，浪漫的电影不适合他。
(5)If it is convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not，let me know what time you .
如果你方便的话，我们8：30在校门外见面。如果不方便的话，告诉我你最适合什么时间。
13. suitable for… 对……适合的
14. actually / kt u li/ adv. 事实上; 的确
actual adj. 实际的；真实的
actuality n. 实际情况；真实情况in actuality 实际上
-ty 构成名词，表示性质或状态
in actual fact
as a matter of fact =actually实际上;事实上
in reality/fact
certainty [ s :tnti] n. 确定性，确实性
『certain确定的+ty表名词→确定』
cruelty [ kru: lti] n. 残酷，残忍，残暴
『cruel残酷的+ty表名词→残酷』
loyalty [ l lti] n. 忠诚，忠实
『loyal 忠诚的+ ty表名词→忠诚』
poverty [ p v ti] n. 贫穷
I'm not joking. It is his actual age. He may look 35, but he's actually 55. In_actuality,_he is the grandfather of a 3－year－old boy.
我不是开玩笑。这是他的实际年龄。他看上去35岁，但实际上他55岁。实际上，他是一个3岁男孩的祖父。
15. challenge / t l nd / n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 怀疑；向……挑战
(1)challenge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事
challenge sb. to do sth.质疑某人做某事
(2) accept a challenge 应战
face an challenge 面临着挑战
meet/take up the challenge 应战
(3)challenging adj. 挑战性的
His new findings challenged_him_to_rethink the skills he was using.
他的新发现激励他重新思考他所使用的技巧。
(2018全国II语法填空)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ______(challenge). 我迅速低下头, 低下头, 避免直视他的眼睛, 这样他就不会觉得受到挑战。
16. title / ta tl/ n. (书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
17. topic/ t p k/ n. 话题; 标题
18. freshman / fre m n/ n. (especially NAmE)(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
19. confusing /k n fju:z / adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的
20. confuse /k n'fju:z/ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑
confuse ...with/and...把......和......混淆
get confused感到困惑的
confusion about/over/as to 关于……的困惑，不确定
in confusion 在混乱中
21. confused /k n fju:zd/ adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的
即学即练
(1)You will also feel (confuse) about the unique craziness of English.
你也会对英语独特的疯狂感到困惑。
(2)Although told several times, the students still confused “rough” “tough”.
虽然被告知了好几次，但学生们仍然混淆了“rough”和“tough”。
(3)Why the outgoing boy chose to sign up for the painting club (confuse) us all.
为什么那个外向的男孩选择报名参加绘画俱乐部，把我们都弄糊涂了。
(4)If you get (confuse) about how to improve your learning strategies, you may turn to your teacher for help.
如果你对如何改进学习策略感到困惑，可以找你的老师帮忙。
(5)It is (confuse) how to fill in the registration form.
如何填写登记表令人困惑。
22. fluent /'flu: nt/ adj. (尤指外语)流利的；熟练的
fluently/ flu ntl / adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n.流利，流畅
fluency n．(尤指外语)流利；熟练
以-t, -te结尾的表示职业特征的名词，常把-t, -te变为-cy，表示行为、性质
1. consultant [k n s lt nt] n. 顾问；会诊医师
consultancy [k n s lt nsi] n. 咨询公司；咨询
advocate [ dv ke t] vt. 提倡，拥护 n. 提倡者，拥护者
advocacy [ dv k si] n. 提倡，拥护
agent [ e d nt] n. 代理人；经纪人；间谍
『ag做+ent表人或物→做某事的人或物→代理人；动因』
agency [ e d nsi] n. 代理机构；(especially NAmE) （政府的）专门机构
be fluent in在 ... 方面流利的
It’s a big surprise that the pretty girl can read the poem fluently and accurately.这位漂亮的女孩能流利而准确地读这首诗，真是令人吃惊。
即学即练
(1)She has a talent for learning languages and is fluent in English, French and German.
她有学习语言的天赋，她说英语、法语和德语都很流利。
(2)My classmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
＝My fluency in English wins admiration from my classmate and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
我的同学非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常因他的赞美而受到鼓舞。
23. graduate /'ɡr d e t/ vi. & vt.毕业；获得学位 /'ɡr d t/ n.毕业生
graduation n. 毕业
-ate构成动词，表示“做，造成，使…”，有时拼作-iate, -uate
differentiate [ d f ren ie t] v. 区分，辨别
activate [ kt ve t] vt. 使运作；使起作用；激活
impersonate [ m p s ne t] vt. 冒充；假扮；扮演
evaporate [ v p re t] v. 蒸发；（逐渐）消失
graduate+in 加专业； graduate+from +学校
university graduates 大学毕业生
a high-school graduate 中学毕业生
after graduation (from)毕业后
graduation day 毕业典礼日
①(2015安徽阅读） Eventually the girls all _____ from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. 最终, 女孩们都大学毕业了, 自己去工作, 但一个接一个, 女儿们又回到了家族企业工作。
②(2018全国I 阅读）Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，a former _____returning to teach，and this job was no game for him；he meant business. Maurice Ashley和蔼可亲，一个从前的毕业生回来教书，这工作对他来说不是什么游戏，他是认真的。
答案：
graduate是瞬间动词，不与一段时间连用。
He graduated from university three years ago.(正)
He has graduated from university for three years.(误)
It is not unusual that some college may feel anxious because finding a suitable job is not that easy.
一些大学毕业生感到焦虑，这并不奇怪。因为找到一份合适的工作不是那么容易。
24. recommend / rek mend/ vt. 建议；推荐；介绍
re-1. 表示"回,向后,相反,不"; 2. 表示"一再,重新"
recommend赞扬;推荐re一再,重新+commend赞扬→一再赞扬
recommendation n．推荐；介绍信
recommend sb. sth = recommend sth to sb.向某人推荐／介绍……
recommend sb. for /as... 推荐某人做(某职位) /作为……
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事suggest/advise/recommend
recommend + that-clause 建议 (从句中用should + 动词原形，should可省去)。
on one's recommendation经某人介绍
follow sb.’s recommendations听从某人的劝告
recommendation(s) for．……的推荐
write／give sb．a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信
即学即练
①The professor recommended me _____ ____(buy)some new books on this subject.
② (2017北京写作)Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly ______（recommend）.
③(2017全国I七选五) It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you _______ your way in style. 个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方法，这一定是真的。我建议你找到自己的风格。
25. sign up ( for sth) 报名(参加课程)
26. advanced / d vɑ:nst/ adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的
27. advance / d vɑ:ns / n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进
advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/物前进 advance in sth 改进/改善某物
(1)make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time) 提前
in advance of 比……进步；在……之前
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的
28. literature / l tr t (r)/ n. 文学; 文学作品
29. extra-curricular /'ekstr k 'r kjul / adj. 课外的; 课程以外的
extra－curricular 课程以外的
extra 超过；以外＋curricular 课程的→课程以外的
extra－ordinary adj. 格外的
extra 超过；以外＋ordinary 普通的→超出普通→格外的
extra－special adj. 非常特别的
extra 超过；以外＋special 特别的→非常特别的
extra－official adj. 职权以外的
extra 超过；以外＋official 职权的→职权以外的
extra－solar adj. 太阳系以外的
extra 超过；以外＋solar 太阳的→太阳系以外的
30. extra /'ekstr / adj. 额外的；附加的
31. obviously / bvi sli/ adv. 显然地；明显地
obvious / bvi s / adj. 明显的; 显然的
obvious answers/ errors/ reasons 明显的答案/错误/理由
apparent
32. quit /kw t/ vi. & vt.(quit, quit) 停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)
quit school 休学、退学辍学
quit office 离职不干
quit the habit of ... 戒除......习惯
quit doing 停止做某事
abandon，deny, dislike，avoid，envy，delay，postpone，escape，excuse/pardon/forgive，miss，resist，risk，prevent，object to
33. responsible /r sp ns bl/ adj. 负责的；有责任的
34. responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ n. 责任；义务
have/take the responsibility for sth 对……负责
be responsible to sb. 对某人负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
35. be responsible for… 对……负责
The government will_be_responsible_to the President alone.
政府只对总统一人负责。
即学即练
① (2017天津阅读)Who is responsible_______ the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. 汽车制造商、消费者和律师不清楚谁负责这类车辆的运营。 ()
② Children get the opportunity to take on full ______(responsible) for another creature’s life. 孩子们有机会为另一个生物的生命承担全部责任。
36. solution /s lu: n/ n. 解决办法; 答案
the solution to sth. ……的解决办法
37. schedule / edju:l/ n. 工作计划；日程安排 vt. 安排；预定
(1)ahead of schedule先于预定时间
behind schedule晚于预定时间
on schedule按预定时间
a tight/busy schedule 紧张/忙碌的日程安排
(2)vt.(plan for an activity or event)安排；预定
be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事
be scheduled for…定于……(时间)
(1)Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too.
在周末也要坚持你的睡眠时间表。
(2)The new bridge has been completed two months .
新桥提前两个月建成。
(3)You should come to school ．
你应该按时到校上课。
(4)The trip on December 21st in New York City.
旅行预计12月21日从纽约启程。
38. editor / ed t (r)/ n. 主编；编辑；编者
39. plate /ple t/ n. 盘子，碟子
40. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险; 奇遇
41. youth /ju:θ/ n. 青年时期; 青春
in one's youth 在某人青年时期
the youth (统称)青年，年轻人
[易混辨析：youth/teenager/adolescent]
youth 现在几乎专指年轻的男性，尤用于报纸上，常含贬义。但作为集合名词时，男女青年皆可指，且无贬义
teenager 主要指13至19岁之间的青少年，强调该年龄段群体的自身特点
adolescent 与teenager基本同义，但更加正式，强调尚不成熟
42. survival /s va vl/ n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物
43. expert /'eksp t/ n. 专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的
an expert on/in/at ... 某方面的专家
be expert in/at 在某方面擅长
44. behaviour /b he vj (r)/ n. 行为; 举止
good/bad behaviour 良好 / 恶劣行为
behave badly/well 表现差/好
behave yourself 守规矩；举止得体
45. generation / d en re n/ n.一代(人)
46. attract / 'tr kt/ vt. 吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)
(1)attract one's attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
be attracted to sb. 喜爱某人，为某人所吸引
(2)attraction n. 吸引力；诱惑力；有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物
attraction 作“名胜，吸引人的地方/东西”讲时，是可数名词。
Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and has many world famous places of interest.
四川省旅游资源丰富，它有许多世界著名的名胜。
(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引人入胜的
47. be attracted to… 喜爱
48. focus / f k s / vi.& vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点
focus on/upon 集中于/专注于
focus one’s attention/energy/mind on/upon集中注意力/精力/心思于
the focus of attention 注意的焦点
in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的
out of focus 焦点未对准的；不清晰的
concentrate one's attention on sth =put one's heart into＝fix one's mind on 集中精力于……
pay one's attention to 专心于……，注意……
be absorbed in 集中精力于……
apply oneself to doing sth. 专心做某事
devote oneself to ... 致力于……
即学即练
1.(2018全国II阅读)We’ve been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focus ____ their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
2. The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp ______ .这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。
concentrate/focus]
focus 侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上 focus v. 集中； n. 焦点
concentrate 指把人或物集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上 concentrate v. 集中 n. 浓缩物
49. focus on… 集中；特别关注
50. addicted / d kt d/ adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的
be /become addicted to sth./doing sth to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词＝addict oneself to sth./doing sth.
即学即练
We are ________ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. 我们 热衷于买新东西。广告说服我们,越新越好,使用最新的产品我们会更快乐。
51. addict / d kt/ n. 对…入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人
addiction n. 嗜好
addictive adj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的addict oneself to 沉溺于……
52. addicted to… 对……很入迷
look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to， it comes to（谈到……；就……而论）
① (addict) to playing the violin/ (addict) himself to playing the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.
②John was work addict, who worked as long as 12 hours every day.In order to reduce pressure, he was addicted drinking.Worse still, he addicted himself to (take) drugs.These (addict) ruined his life eventually.
53. adult / d lt/ n. 成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的
词汇学习1+语篇提升训练
Step 1 词汇分类检测
Task 1 阅读词汇（英译中）
ballet_______________
debate_______________
content_______________
challenge_______________
freshman _______________
confusing_______________
confuse_______________
confused_______________
recommend_______________
sign up (for sth) _______________
Task 2 写作词汇 (中译英)
十几岁的(13-19岁)；青少年的__________
(13-19岁的)青少年__________
志愿者_____________
较喜欢_____________
喜欢……多于……__________
温室；暖房_______________
打扫(或清除)干净__________
合适的；适用的__________
对……适合的__________
事实上；的确__________
(诗歌；书等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
__________
话题；标题__________
(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的__________
毕业；获得学位；毕业生__________
Task 3 词性变换
teenage → n. __________
volunteer → adj. __________ → adv. __________
debate → n. __________(辩论家；讨论者)
prefer → n. __________ (偏爱；优先)
→固定短语：____________________ (对……情有独钟；偏爱……)
content n.____________(写出汉语意思) → adj. content ___________(写出汉语意思)
→ 固定短语：___________________= be ____________ with (对……满意/满足)
move→ n. ____________ →adj. ________________________
suit→adj. _______________________
→ 固定搭配____________________________________ (对……合适/不合适)
actual →adv. ____________
challenge →adj. ____________ →n. (挑战者) _______________
title → v. ____________ (取名为……；使有权利)
confuse → adj. ____________(令人困惑的) / ____________ (感到困惑的；不解的)
fluent → adv. ____________ → n. ____________
graduate → n. ____________ (毕业) → 固定搭配：____________ (从……毕业)
recommend → n. _______________
vi.集中（精力、注意力等）；（使）调节焦距； n. 中心；焦点；重点 _______________
集中；特别关注_______________
对……入迷______________________
成年人；成年的；成熟的_________
帮课堂训练
Women were only ______(准许加入) into the club last year.
With his attention __________（集中）on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
They become __________(沉溺于) to smoking in three different ways.
As is known to us, there is a ____________（一代人）gap between the young and the old.
An a_____________（瘾君子）is someone who takes harmful drugs and cannot stop taking them.
He was a （录取）into a key university after hard work.
_______ (上瘾) to drugs, he seldom calls his parents except when he asks them for money.
The taxi driver was so ________（熟悉的）with this area that he soon took us to the hotel.
He has read many of the major works of___________________（文学）.
Although I know that he is not perfect, I do ______ (actual) like him.
People develop a ______ (prefer) for a particular style of learning at an early age.
We should learn their________________（advance）experience in management.
The ________ (attract) of the moon for the earth causes the tides(潮汐).
All the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub ______ (move) away as soon as possible.
The announcement only succeeded in creating __________________(confuse).
完成句子
1.我迫不及待地要告诉你我的旅行计划（can’t wait to do）。
_______________________________________________________
2,在这次旅游中我对中国文化和历史有了更好的了解have a good knowledge of）。
_______________________________________________________
3.人们公认环境污染已变得越来越严重了。(主语从句 it is...that...)
______________ __________________________________
4.(当)说到中国的著名历史人物，我非常佩服张骞。
, I admire ZhangQian very much.
5.我明天要动身去北京。（时态运用）
I Beijing tomorrow.
6.正因为如此，我们应该在在线学习时严格要求自己。(强调句型)
________________________________________
7．特别令人崇拜的是，他能在非常短的时间内画出极其详细的地图。(表语前置引起的倒装)
___________________________________________.
8．最近不曾有人打扫这个房间，以至于里面的所有东西都布满了灰尘。(so that引导结果状语从句)
Nobody has cleaned up the room recently
老师故意保持沉默，导致我们以为他生气了。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
__________________________， ________________.
10．六月的最后一个周日怎么样？那时考试已经结束，我们都有时间。(定语从句)
_______________________，
Task 1 词性变换
advance → adj. _______________
obvious → adv. _______________
responsible → (反义词) _______________ → n. _______________
→ 固定短语：_______________(对……负责)
edit → n. _______________(编辑；主编) → n._______________ (版本)
adventure → adj. _______________ → n. _______________ (冒险家)
young → n. _______________
survive → n. _______________ (生存；生还；幸存) → n. _______________(幸存者；生还者)
exert → 同义词/近义词 _______________
behave → n. _______________ → 固定搭配: _______________ (检点自己行为；守规矩；举止端正)
attract → n. _______________ → adj. _______________ → n. _______________
→ adv. _______________ →固定搭配：___________________ (喜爱;被……吸引到)
addict → adj. _____________ → n. _____________ (沉溺；上瘾)
→ 固定搭配：_____________ (对……上瘾/入迷)
Task 2 根据语境和所给词/汉语意思提示完成下列句子。
To the well-organized mind, death is but the next great _____________. (adventurous)
In his _____________ (young), he had shown great promise.
Hopes are fading for the _____________ (survive) of the missing climbers.
The miraculous _____________ (survive) of some people in the air crash was widely reported
by the press.
To her _____________ (专家；内行) eye, the painting was terrible.
6. Such _____________ (behave)is beneath contempt.
There is a _____________ (一代；一代人) gap between my parents and I.
8. She gave a quiet cough to _____________ (attractive) my attention.
9. Fred thought that Susan _______________ (喜欢；喜爱；被……吸引) him, so it was one in the
eye for him when she said she preferred me.
10. He _____________ (focus) the sun's rays on the paper with a burning glass when he did the
experiment.
11. Finally, he is no longer _____________ (addict) to drugs.
12. Child who is not accompanied by an _____________ (成年人) will not be admitted.
13. Can you try and be a little more _____________ (成熟的) about this
14. The result of the match was 2-1 to _____________.(芝加哥)
15. That rock and roll band is very big in _____________.(芝加哥)
【重点语句】
1 I think you should choose what_you_like. 我认为你应该选择你喜欢的。(教材P13)
归纳 拓展 what(什么)是连接代词，引导名词性从句；what本身在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。
①Show me what_you_have_bought.(宾语从句)
把你买的东西给我看看。
②What_Hu_Ge_offers_his_fans is honesty and happiness.(主语从句)
胡歌展示给他的粉丝的是诚实和快乐。
③The answer is not what_you_might_think.(表语从句)
答案不是你可以想到的。
2 I'll find a way to improve on my own so_that I can make the team next year. 我会努力提高自己的足球水平，这样明年我就可以加入球队了。(教材P14)
归纳 拓展 so that 这样，因此；为了，以便 (1)结果(引导结果状语从句) (2)以便于(引导目的状语从句)，相当于in order that，此时从句中常含有情态动词can, could, may等。
①We planted many flowers, so_that the garden soon looked beautiful.
我们种了很多花，因此花园很快就看起来很漂亮。
②I worked very hard so_that I could pass the exams.
我学习很用功，以便能考试及格。
3 The building is so big that I'm completely lost. 这座大楼太大了，我完全迷路了。(教材P16)
归纳 拓展 (1)so ... that ... 句型的常见形式： so＋adj./adv.＋that ... so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋ that ... so＋many/much/few/little＋n.＋ that ... (2)such ... that ... 句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n. (单数)＋that ... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that ... (3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
①The subway is so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.
地铁里是如此拥挤以致我找不到地方坐。
②He has made such_a_good_effort in his spare time that his English has improved a lot.
他在业余时间做了很大的努力，英语有了很大的提高。
③So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4 I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. 我建议你和你的朋友聊聊他的行为举止。(教材P18)
归纳 拓展 (1)behave vt.& vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现 behave well/badly to/towards ... 对……态度好/差 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 (2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的 badlybehaved adj. 表现差的 (3)behaviour n. 行为；举止
①His behaviour towards his father was becoming worse and worse.
他对父亲的行为越来越恶劣。
②It's not right for you to behave_badly_to the customers.
你对顾客不好是不对的。
③I do not want to be a socalled wellbehaved child.
我并不想做那些所谓的乖孩子。
5 But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_it_very_difficult_to_focus_on_other_things_in_life. 但是花费太多时间上网有害健康，并且很难集中精力于生活中的其他事情。(教材P18)
剖析 make在此用作使役动词，其宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等。
归纳 拓展 “make＋宾语＋宾补”结构 (1)当宾语是不定式(的复合结构)或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置，构成“make it＋n./adj.＋ to do sth./that ...”结构。 (2)make＋名词/代词＋名词，表示“使某人/某物成为……”，如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，其前不用冠词。 (3)make＋名词/代词＋形容词，表示“使某人/某物……”。 (4)make＋名词/代词＋省略to的不定式，表示“使某人某物做某事”。注意：该结构用于被动语态时，被省略的不定式符号to要还原。 (5)make＋名词/代词＋过去分词，表示“使某人/某物被……”。构成过去分词的动词与宾语(名词/代词)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
①We made_him_captain of our team.
我们让他当队长。
②She has won the game, which made_her_parents_proud.
她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。
③What he said made_all_of_us_laugh.
＝All of us were_made_to_laugh by what he said.(被动语态)
他的话让我们都大笑起来。
④She couldn't make_herself_heard above the noise of the traffic.
车辆噪音很大，人们无法听到她的声音。
⑤The man made_it_clear_that he wouldn't accept the task.
这个人说得很清楚，他不会接受这个任务。
【单元语法-常见结构短语】
(一)名词短语中修饰名词的有：形容词、数词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式或副词
1．形容词修饰名词
The_little_boy needs a_blue_pen.
小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。
2．数词修饰名词相当于形容词
There are two_boys in the room.
房间里有两个男孩。
3．代词或名词所有格修饰名词
His_name is Tom.
他的名字是汤姆。
There are two_boys_of_Toms there.
那儿有汤姆家的两个男孩。
4．介词短语修饰名词
The_boy_in_blue is Tom.
穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
5．名词修饰名词
There is only one ball pen in the_pencil_box.
这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。
6．副词修饰名词
The_best_boy_here is Tom.
这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。
7．不定式修饰名词
The_boy_to_write_this_letter needs a pen.
写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
8．分词(短语)修饰名词
The_smiling_boy needs a_pen_bought_by_his_mother.
那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
(二)名词短语中修饰名词的词或短语其位置一般有两种：用在名词之前的叫前置定语，用在名词之后的叫后置定语
1．定语前置
在英语里，一般定语前置时的次序为：限定词、形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语，但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，应注意其次序，其形容词遵循的次序为：限观形龄色国材，其指：限定词(一般指数量)；外观(美丽等)；形状(大小，高矮，肥瘦)；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：
an_interesting_little_red_French_oil painting
一幅小的有趣的法国红色油画
2．定语后置
(1)短语作定语一般在名词之后
He gave me a basket full_of_eggs.
他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。
(2)副词作定语一般在名词之后
The_people_here are very friendly.
这里的人很友好。
1．形容词短语，通常是副词修饰形容词，副词修饰形容词主要见于表示程度。如：
I was rather_angry at what he said。
我对他说的话相当生气。
Mary and Jane are quite_different.
玛丽与简大不一样。
The music is too_loud;_please turn it down.
这音乐太吵人了，请把音量关小一点。
It's difficult_enough,_but it could have been worse.
这事情够困难的了，本来可能会更糟呢。
Let's go shopping now. The shops should be fairly_empty.
我们去商店买东西吧。商店里人不会太多。
2．副词修饰形容词，有时也表示方面或方式等。如：
I am economically_independent.
我在经济方面是独立的。
The book is historically_inaccurate.
这本书从历史上说不准确。
副词短语，通常是副词修饰副词，主要见于表示程度。此时，起修饰作用的副词常见的有almost, fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really 等。如：
He was back quite_quickly.
他很快就回来了。
They thought very_highly of him.
他们对他评价很高。
I think you have done your work very_finely.
我认为你工作干得不错。
He spoke too_quickly for me to understand.
他说得太快了，我听不懂。
Having lived there for two years, he knew the place quite_well.
他在那里住过两年，对这地方很熟悉。
Unit 1 TEENAGE LIFE
1.2 Discovering Useful Structures
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词, 在句子里可以单独构成一种句子成分。
一．名词短语: 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。
（一）名词短语的组成
1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有：限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。 注意：限定词包括： 冠词 （a / an / the )、指 示代词 （this、that、these、those等 ）、 物主代词 （my 、your、his、her、our、their 等 ）和不定 代词（some、 no 、neither、 both 等 ） What is your sister’s favorite color 你姐姐最喜欢的颜色是什么？ The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price. 网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。 Our school has fifty-six women teachers. 我们学校有56个女教师。 Mom, please give me two tomatoes. I want to make vegetable salad. 妈妈，请给我两个西红柿，我想做蔬菜沙拉。 The sleeping child is his son. 正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子. The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground. 落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。 He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了.
2.名词+ 后置定语 作后置定语的主要有：介词短语、分词、不定式等。 Here are two nice photos of my family. 这儿有两张我家的好看的相片。 As we all know, Mountain Tai is the pride of Shandong. 众所周知，泰山是山东的骄傲。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city. 如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。 There are some boys playing basketball over there. 有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。 Do you know the man talking to Tom 你认识正在和汤姆谈话的那个人吗？ The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 昨天讨论的问题被解决了。 Nowadays some products made in China are both good and cheap. 现在很多中国制造的产品质量好且便宜。 The man to give us a talk next week is a scientist.下周要给我们作报告的人是个科学家。 Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the prize in science. 屠呦呦是第一个获得科学奖的中国人。
（二）名词短语的功能
名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
1.作主语 The broken glass may cut into your hand if you touch it. 如果你触摸它，坏了的玻璃杯可能会划伤你的手。 ----The best season to come to Yichang is spring. 到宜昌的最佳季节是春季。 ----I think so. The green water and green mountains are unforgettable 我也是这样看的。青山绿水令人难忘。 The houses built last year are for the teachers. 去年建成的那些房子是为老师们建的。
2.作宾语 I’d like tomato noodles for breakfast. 早餐我想要西红柿面条。 Jack’s mother can’t go to the parents’ meeting because she is too busy. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会，因为她太忙了。 Do you have this T-shirt in a small size 你有小号的这款T恤吗？
3.作表语 Excuse me! Is this Lucy and Lily’s new house 打扰一下，这是露西和莉莉的新房子吗？ He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。 This is the method of cooking the tasty cookie. 这就是做这种美味甜饼的方法。
4.作宾语补足语 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。 More and more foreigners consider Beijing Opera an important part of Chinese culture. 越来越多的外国人认为京剧是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
二．形容词短语
形容词短语的组成
1.副词+形容词 注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。 The little boy is very clever. 这个小男孩很聪明。 My deskmate is really active. 我的同桌真的是很活泼。 I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。 She feels quite happy. 她感到很开心。 Tom is much more friendly and he has more friends. 汤姆（对人）更友好，他有更多的朋友。 This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。 This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。 You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。
2. 形容词+ 介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。 The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
3. 形容词+ 不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。
（二）形容词短语的功能
形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions. 我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。 Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。
2. 作表语 The sweater is too expensive，and I don’t have enough money to buy it. 那件毛衣太贵了，我没有足够的钱买。 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends. 罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。 He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing! 他什么都干不了，一点也没用。
3. 作宾语 补足语 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。 I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。
4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。 Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。
三．副词短语
副词短语的组成
副词+副词 注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。 You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly 你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？ You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。
副词短语的功能
1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。
2. 修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast. 大火蔓延得太快了。
4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。
总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。
必修1 Unit 1 Teenage Life
词汇学习1+语篇提升训练 【新教材精创】
Learning goals:
To learn the first part of the words and expressions in Unit 1.
To finish some tasks about how to use the words and expressions in Unit 1.
To improve students’ reading skills by completing some reading comprehension.
Learning procedures:
01. teenage / ti:ne d / adj. 十几岁的(指13至19岁); 青少年的
teen n. 青少年（等于teenager）; 伤害，损坏; 痛苦，悲伤; 愤怒; 复数: teens
age- 构成集合名词，表总称 heritage [ her t d ] n.遗产；传统
age- 构成名词，表示行为或行为的结果 marriage [ m r d ] n. 婚姻 usage [ ju:s d ] n. 使用；用法wreckage [ rek d ] n. （车辆等的）残骸；（建筑物等的）废墟storage [ st r d ] n. 贮存，贮藏
teenage daughter
02. teenager / ti:ne d (r)/ n. (13至19岁之间的) 青少年
-er 放在名词或形容词后面构成名词，表示“人”，也可放在动词后面，表示做该动作的“物”
banker [ b k (r)] n. 银行家 villager [ v l d (r)] n. 村民 lighter [ la t (r)] n. 打火机 heater [ hi t (r)] n. 加热器；炉子
a club for teenagers
(2017浙江阅读) Because sleepiness is such a problem for _____（teenager） , some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. 因为困倦成为青少年的这样一个严重问题，一些校区决定高中课的上课时间比以前推迟。
03. ballet / b le / n. 芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧
04. volunteer / v l n t (r)/ n. 志愿者
voluntary adj.自愿的；义务性的 voluntary service/work/organisations 义务性服务/工作/机构
volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
volunteer for ...自愿...
volunteer as… 自愿担任……
work as a volunteer 做志愿者
volunteer activities/work志愿者活动/工作
When she arrived in our village, she volunteered to teach in our school. 当她来到我们村子里，她自愿到我们学校教书。
Do you need a volunteer to wash the dishes in the kitchen 你需要一个在厨房帮忙洗盘子的志愿者吗？
She does work for the Red Cross on a weekly basis. 她每周为红十字会做义工。
新译林必修第一册“I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels . “我放学后可以去狄龙的杂货店打工，”内尔斯自告奋勇。
05. debate /d 'be t/ n. 辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论
under debate在争论中
a debate on/about/over… 就……进行辩论
debate with sb. about/on就……与某人辩论
a heated debate激烈的争论
beyond/without debate无可争议
My friend Jim debated his opinions with his parents on his holiday plan.
我朋友吉姆就他的假期计划和父母进行了讨论。
即学即练
(1)There is a heated debate on/over/about whether women should spend more time at home.
对女性是否应该花更多时间待在家里有一场激烈的辩论。
(2)新外研必修第一册Think of another topic that is related to animals and ．
想另一个与动物有关的话题，并举行一场辩论。
(3)Tom the maths teacher the best method of working out the difficult problem.
汤姆和数学老师辩论解决这道难题的最佳方法。
(4)Who will attend the design competition on behalf of our school is still ．
谁将代表我校参加设计比赛还在讨论中。
① argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss, reason 这些动词均含"辩论，争论，说理"之意。
argue 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。
quarrel 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指"吵嘴、吵架"。
debate 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。
dispute 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感彩，常隐含"各持已见"或"争论不休"意味。
discuss 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。
reason 指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问题作更深入的研究。
② controversy, argument, conflict, debate, dispute, quarrel, strife 这组名词均有"争执，不和"之意。
controversy 侧重指深刻的意见分歧，多指对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的辨论。
argument 指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辨论。
conflict 指双方坚持已见、互不妥协，怀有敌意的争论，多暗示分歧极为严重，有时用语言无法解决，只得诉诸武力。
debate 通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。painful debate about abortion.
dispute 普通用词，侧重指长时间，言词激烈，针锋相对的争辩。territorial dispute
quarrel 普通用词，既可指言词激烈的争吵，也可指温和的言词上的不和。I would quarrel with you on that figure.
strife 指因不可缓和的矛盾而引起的争吵或斗殴。ethnic strife
06. prefer /pr f :(r)/ vt. 较喜欢 (preferred; preferred; preferring)
前缀2. pre- 相当于“before”，表示“之前，预先”prefer[to]更喜欢,宁愿pre在……前的,预先+fer带来→先带来→更喜欢
1. prefix [ pri:f ks] n. 前缀2. prehistory [ pri: h stri] n. 史前时期4. preschool [ pri:sku:l] adj. 学龄前的 n. 学前班5. precaution [pr k : n] n. 预防措施preview [ pri:vju:] n. & vt. 预言；预先评论11. preface
1.prefer sth 更喜欢某物prefer A to B喜欢A多于B
2.prefer to do/ doing更喜欢做某事
3.prefer to do A rather than B 比起做B更喜欢做A
4.prefer sb. to do sth. 更喜欢某人做某事不定式作宾语补足语
5.prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A
preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for ... 偏爱……
I prefer reading books written by Mo Yan to watching TV series based on his novels.
＝I prefer to books written by Mo Yan rather than TV series based on his novels.
＝I would books written by Mo Yan rather than TV series based on his novels.
＝I would rather books written by Mo Yan than TV series based on his novels.
我宁愿看莫言写的书，而不愿看根据他的小说拍摄的电视剧。
like, love, enjoy, fancy, adore, prefer 这些动词都有"喜欢，喜爱"之意。
like 最常用词，往往只表不太强烈的兴趣或关注，不带强烈的感情，除非另加修饰语。
love 不但表示强烈的喜欢，而且含依恋之情，因此多用于能激起深厚情感的人或物。
enjoy 指对能提供感观或智力上满足或快乐的东西表示欣赏或喜爱。
fancy 指喜爱投合自己心意、嗜好或欲望等的人或物。
adore 非正式用词，口语体。指非常喜爱，带强烈的感彩。
prefer 指有选择性或偏向性的喜欢。
07. prefer…to … 喜欢…多于…
08. content /'k ntent/ n. 内容; [pl] 目录; (书、讲话、节目等的)主题
ten1. =hold,表示"拿住,握住,支撑"; 2. 挽留
adj.content[with]满足的con全部+ten拿住,握住,支撑+t→全部拿住→容量,内容;满足的
discontent不满的dis不+content满足的→n.不满,不满足 adj.不满的
the contents of the letter信的内容
in content and form在内容和形式上
feel/be content with＝be satisfied with对……感到满足/满意
be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
content oneself with使....满足于
即学即练
①The best way to read a book is to look through the first, which are the main topics of the book, and then concentrate on the ， which is the detailed information.(content)
②The students were content the lecture about teenage life, which was given by a famous professor.
③As president of the Students' Union, I am content (organise) extra curricular activities to enrich our school life.
④The school clubs organised by the Students' Union failed (content) all the applicants.09. movement / mu:vm nt/ n. 动作；运动; 活动
10. greenhouse / gri:nha s/ n. 温室；暖房
11. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
(1)clean up after 跟在……后面收拾
clean out 把……打扫干净
其他up相关短语：
go up 升高；上涨；增长；build up 逐渐增强；建立；积累；pick up 习得；捡起；学会(一门语言); bring up 抚养；养育；make up 编造；虚构；弥补；组成
用up短语的适当形式填空
(1)It's surprising that your brother Russian so quickly.
令人惊讶的是你弟弟这么快就学会俄语了。
(2)It has been raining these days.I think the river will ．
这几天一直下雨，我认为河水会上涨。
(3)Every time John is late for school，he will a new excuse.
约翰每次迟到，他都会编造一个新的借口。
(4)Her parents died when she was a baby and she by her aunt.
她年幼丧父母，由她的姑姑抚养长大。
12. suitable / su:t bl/ adj. 适合的；适用的
suit vt.适合
suit sb. 适合某人
suit sth. to sth./sb. 使适合(或适应)某事物(或人)
be suitable for 对……适合的
be suitable to do /for (doing)适合作某事
[易混辨析：suitable/fit]
suitable 指对于某个人、某种情况或某一目的而言具备合适特性的，常后接介词for或动词不定式
fit 指在质量、素质、技能等方面适合做某事的，常后接介词for或动词不定式
④That wine is not fit_to drink.
那种葡萄酒不宜饮用。
⑤She had no other dress suitable_to wear for the party.
她没有其他适合在聚会上穿的裙子。
(1)语境语法填空
It was really difficult to find a (suit) job，but I was lucky to get one because the manager thought I was suitable the work.I went to buy neat black suit and a tie to wear in the office.But when I arrived at the office，the manager said the colour (not suit) me.How disappointed I was!
(2)The expedition club quite John because he has a fancy for adventures.
探险俱乐部很适合约翰，因为他喜欢冒险。
(3)Obviously, it is not (suit) to explore the virgin forest without any security measures.
显然，在没有任何安全措施的情况下，探索原始森林是不合适的。
(4)When seeing the film, John failed to concentrate and fell asleep. Actually, romantic movies didn't him.
看电影时，约翰无法集中注意力，睡着了。事实上，浪漫的电影不适合他。
(5)If it is convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not，let me know what time you .
如果你方便的话，我们8：30在校门外见面。如果不方便的话，告诉我你最适合什么时间。
13. suitable for… 对……适合的
14. actually / kt u li/ adv. 事实上; 的确
actual adj. 实际的；真实的
actuality n. 实际情况；真实情况in actuality 实际上
-ty 构成名词，表示性质或状态
in actual fact
as a matter of fact =actually实际上;事实上
in reality/fact
certainty [ s :tnti] n. 确定性，确实性
『certain确定的+ty表名词→确定』
cruelty [ kru: lti] n. 残酷，残忍，残暴
『cruel残酷的+ty表名词→残酷』
loyalty [ l lti] n. 忠诚，忠实
『loyal 忠诚的+ ty表名词→忠诚』
poverty [ p v ti] n. 贫穷
I'm not joking. It is his actual age. He may look 35, but he's actually 55. In_actuality,_he is the grandfather of a 3－year－old boy.
我不是开玩笑。这是他的实际年龄。他看上去35岁，但实际上他55岁。实际上，他是一个3岁男孩的祖父。
15. challenge / t l nd / n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 怀疑；向……挑战
(1)challenge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事
challenge sb. to do sth.质疑某人做某事
(2) accept a challenge 应战
face an challenge 面临着挑战
meet/take up the challenge 应战
(3)challenging adj. 挑战性的
His new findings challenged_him_to_rethink the skills he was using.
他的新发现激励他重新思考他所使用的技巧。
(2018全国II语法填空)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ______(challenge). 我迅速低下头, 低下头, 避免直视他的眼睛, 这样他就不会觉得受到挑战。
16. title / ta tl/ n. (书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
17. topic/ t p k/ n. 话题; 标题
18. freshman / fre m n/ n. (especially NAmE)(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
19. confusing /k n fju:z / adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的
20. confuse /k n'fju:z/ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑
confuse ...with/and...把......和......混淆
get confused感到困惑的
confusion about/over/as to 关于……的困惑，不确定
in confusion 在混乱中
21. confused /k n fju:zd/ adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的
即学即练
(1)You will also feel (confuse) about the unique craziness of English.
你也会对英语独特的疯狂感到困惑。
(2)Although told several times, the students still confused “rough” “tough”.
虽然被告知了好几次，但学生们仍然混淆了“rough”和“tough”。
(3)Why the outgoing boy chose to sign up for the painting club (confuse) us all.
为什么那个外向的男孩选择报名参加绘画俱乐部，把我们都弄糊涂了。
(4)If you get (confuse) about how to improve your learning strategies, you may turn to your teacher for help.
如果你对如何改进学习策略感到困惑，可以找你的老师帮忙。
(5)It is (confuse) how to fill in the registration form.
如何填写登记表令人困惑。
22. fluent /'flu: nt/ adj. (尤指外语)流利的；熟练的
fluently/ flu ntl / adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n.流利，流畅
fluency n．(尤指外语)流利；熟练
以-t, -te结尾的表示职业特征的名词，常把-t, -te变为-cy，表示行为、性质
1. consultant [k n s lt nt] n. 顾问；会诊医师
consultancy [k n s lt nsi] n. 咨询公司；咨询
advocate [ dv ke t] vt. 提倡，拥护 n. 提倡者，拥护者
advocacy [ dv k si] n. 提倡，拥护
agent [ e d nt] n. 代理人；经纪人；间谍
『ag做+ent表人或物→做某事的人或物→代理人；动因』
agency [ e d nsi] n. 代理机构；(especially NAmE) （政府的）专门机构
be fluent in在 ... 方面流利的
It’s a big surprise that the pretty girl can read the poem fluently and accurately.这位漂亮的女孩能流利而准确地读这首诗，真是令人吃惊。
即学即练
(1)She has a talent for learning languages and is fluent in English, French and German.
她有学习语言的天赋，她说英语、法语和德语都很流利。
(2)My classmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
＝My fluency in English wins admiration from my classmate and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
我的同学非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常因他的赞美而受到鼓舞。
23. graduate /'ɡr d e t/ vi. & vt.毕业；获得学位 /'ɡr d t/ n.毕业生
graduation n. 毕业
-ate构成动词，表示“做，造成，使…”，有时拼作-iate, -uate
differentiate [ d f ren ie t] v. 区分，辨别
activate [ kt ve t] vt. 使运作；使起作用；激活
impersonate [ m p s ne t] vt. 冒充；假扮；扮演
evaporate [ v p re t] v. 蒸发；（逐渐）消失
graduate+in 加专业； graduate+from +学校
university graduates 大学毕业生
a high-school graduate 中学毕业生
after graduation (from)毕业后
graduation day 毕业典礼日
①(2015安徽阅读） Eventually the girls all _____ from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. 最终, 女孩们都大学毕业了, 自己去工作, 但一个接一个, 女儿们又回到了家族企业工作。
②(2018全国I 阅读）Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，a former _____returning to teach，and this job was no game for him；he meant business. Maurice Ashley和蔼可亲，一个从前的毕业生回来教书，这工作对他来说不是什么游戏，他是认真的。
答案：
graduate是瞬间动词，不与一段时间连用。
He graduated from university three years ago.(正)
He has graduated from university for three years.(误)
It is not unusual that some college may feel anxious because finding a suitable job is not that easy.
一些大学毕业生感到焦虑，这并不奇怪。因为找到一份合适的工作不是那么容易。
24. recommend / rek mend/ vt. 建议；推荐；介绍
re-1. 表示"回,向后,相反,不"; 2. 表示"一再,重新"
recommend赞扬;推荐re一再,重新+commend赞扬→一再赞扬
recommendation n．推荐；介绍信
recommend sb. sth = recommend sth to sb.向某人推荐／介绍……
recommend sb. for /as... 推荐某人做(某职位) /作为……
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事suggest/advise/recommend
recommend + that-clause 建议 (从句中用should + 动词原形，should可省去)。
on one's recommendation经某人介绍
follow sb.’s recommendations听从某人的劝告
recommendation(s) for．……的推荐
write／give sb．a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信
即学即练
①The professor recommended me _____ ____(buy)some new books on this subject.
② (2017北京写作)Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly ______（recommend）.
③(2017全国I七选五) It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you _______ your way in style. 个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方法，这一定是真的。我建议你找到自己的风格。
25. sign up ( for sth) 报名(参加课程)
26. advanced / d vɑ:nst/ adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的
27. advance / d vɑ:ns / n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进
advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/物前进 advance in sth 改进/改善某物
(1)make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time) 提前
in advance of 比……进步；在……之前
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的
28. literature / l tr t (r)/ n. 文学; 文学作品
29. extra-curricular /'ekstr k 'r kjul / adj. 课外的; 课程以外的
extra－curricular 课程以外的
extra 超过；以外＋curricular 课程的→课程以外的
extra－ordinary adj. 格外的
extra 超过；以外＋ordinary 普通的→超出普通→格外的
extra－special adj. 非常特别的
extra 超过；以外＋special 特别的→非常特别的
extra－official adj. 职权以外的
extra 超过；以外＋official 职权的→职权以外的
extra－solar adj. 太阳系以外的
extra 超过；以外＋solar 太阳的→太阳系以外的
30. extra /'ekstr / adj. 额外的；附加的
31. obviously / bvi sli/ adv. 显然地；明显地
obvious / bvi s / adj. 明显的; 显然的
obvious answers/ errors/ reasons 明显的答案/错误/理由
apparent
32. quit /kw t/ vi. & vt.(quit, quit) 停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)
quit school 休学、退学辍学
quit office 离职不干
quit the habit of ... 戒除......习惯
quit doing 停止做某事
abandon，deny, dislike，avoid，envy，delay，postpone，escape，excuse/pardon/forgive，miss，resist，risk，prevent，object to
33. responsible /r sp ns bl/ adj. 负责的；有责任的
34. responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ n. 责任；义务
have/take the responsibility for sth 对……负责
be responsible to sb. 对某人负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
35. be responsible for… 对……负责
The government will_be_responsible_to the President alone.
政府只对总统一人负责。
即学即练
① (2017天津阅读)Who is responsible_______ the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. 汽车制造商、消费者和律师不清楚谁负责这类车辆的运营。 ()
② Children get the opportunity to take on full ______(responsible) for another creature’s life. 孩子们有机会为另一个生物的生命承担全部责任。
36. solution /s lu: n/ n. 解决办法; 答案
the solution to sth. ……的解决办法
37. schedule / edju:l/ n. 工作计划；日程安排 vt. 安排；预定
(1)ahead of schedule先于预定时间
behind schedule晚于预定时间
on schedule按预定时间
a tight/busy schedule 紧张/忙碌的日程安排
(2)vt.(plan for an activity or event)安排；预定
be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事
be scheduled for…定于……(时间)
(1)Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too.
在周末也要坚持你的睡眠时间表。
(2)The new bridge has been completed two months .
新桥提前两个月建成。
(3)You should come to school ．
你应该按时到校上课。
(4)The trip on December 21st in New York City.
旅行预计12月21日从纽约启程。
38. editor / ed t (r)/ n. 主编；编辑；编者
39. plate /ple t/ n. 盘子，碟子
40. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险; 奇遇
41. youth /ju:θ/ n. 青年时期; 青春
in one's youth 在某人青年时期
the youth (统称)青年，年轻人
[易混辨析：youth/teenager/adolescent]
youth 现在几乎专指年轻的男性，尤用于报纸上，常含贬义。但作为集合名词时，男女青年皆可指，且无贬义
teenager 主要指13至19岁之间的青少年，强调该年龄段群体的自身特点
adolescent 与teenager基本同义，但更加正式，强调尚不成熟
42. survival /s va vl/ n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物
43. expert /'eksp t/ n. 专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的
an expert on/in/at ... 某方面的专家
be expert in/at 在某方面擅长
44. behaviour /b he vj (r)/ n. 行为; 举止
good/bad behaviour 良好 / 恶劣行为
behave badly/well 表现差/好
behave yourself 守规矩；举止得体
45. generation / d en re n/ n.一代(人)
46. attract / 'tr kt/ vt. 吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)
(1)attract one's attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
be attracted to sb. 喜爱某人，为某人所吸引
(2)attraction n. 吸引力；诱惑力；有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物
attraction 作“名胜，吸引人的地方/东西”讲时，是可数名词。
Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and has many world famous places of interest.
四川省旅游资源丰富，它有许多世界著名的名胜。
(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引人入胜的
47. be attracted to… 喜爱
48. focus / f k s / vi.& vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点
focus on/upon 集中于/专注于
focus one’s attention/energy/mind on/upon集中注意力/精力/心思于
the focus of attention 注意的焦点
in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的
out of focus 焦点未对准的；不清晰的
concentrate one's attention on sth =put one's heart into＝fix one's mind on 集中精力于……
pay one's attention to 专心于……，注意……
be absorbed in 集中精力于……
apply oneself to doing sth. 专心做某事
devote oneself to ... 致力于……
即学即练
1.(2018全国II阅读)We’ve been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focus ____ their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
2. The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp ______ .这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。
concentrate/focus]
focus 侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上 focus v. 集中； n. 焦点
concentrate 指把人或物集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上 concentrate v. 集中 n. 浓缩物
49. focus on… 集中；特别关注
50. addicted / d kt d/ adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的
be /become addicted to sth./doing sth to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词＝addict oneself to sth./doing sth.
即学即练
We are ________ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. 我们 热衷于买新东西。广告说服我们,越新越好,使用最新的产品我们会更快乐。
51. addict / d kt/ n. 对…入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人
addiction n. 嗜好
addictive adj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的addict oneself to 沉溺于……
52. addicted to… 对……很入迷
look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to， it comes to（谈到……；就……而论）
① (addict) to playing the violin/ (addict) himself to playing the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.
②John was work addict, who worked as long as 12 hours every day.In order to reduce pressure, he was addicted drinking.Worse still, he addicted himself to (take) drugs.These (addict) ruined his life eventually.
53. adult / d lt/ n. 成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的
词汇学习1+语篇提升训练
Step 1 词汇分类检测
Task 1 阅读词汇（英译中）
ballet_______________
debate_______________
content_______________
challenge_______________
freshman _______________
confusing_______________
confuse_______________
confused_______________
recommend_______________
sign up (for sth) _______________
Task 2 写作词汇 (中译英)
十几岁的(13-19岁)；青少年的__________
(13-19岁的)青少年__________
志愿者_____________
较喜欢_____________
喜欢……多于……__________
温室；暖房_______________
打扫(或清除)干净__________
合适的；适用的__________
对……适合的__________
事实上；的确__________
(诗歌；书等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
__________
话题；标题__________
(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的__________
毕业；获得学位；毕业生__________
Task 3 词性变换
teenage → n. __________
volunteer → adj. __________ → adv. __________
debate → n. __________(辩论家；讨论者)
prefer → n. __________ (偏爱；优先)
→固定短语：____________________ (对……情有独钟；偏爱……)
content n.____________(写出汉语意思) → adj. content ___________(写出汉语意思)
→ 固定短语：___________________= be ____________ with (对……满意/满足)
move→ n. ____________ →adj. ________________________
suit→adj. _______________________
→ 固定搭配____________________________________ (对……合适/不合适)
actual →adv. ____________
challenge →adj. ____________ →n. (挑战者) _______________
title → v. ____________ (取名为……；使有权利)
confuse → adj. ____________(令人困惑的) / ____________ (感到困惑的；不解的)
fluent → adv. ____________ → n. ____________
graduate → n. ____________ (毕业) → 固定搭配：____________ (从……毕业)
recommend → n. _______________
vi.集中（精力、注意力等）；（使）调节焦距； n. 中心；焦点；重点 _______________
集中；特别关注_______________
对……入迷______________________
成年人；成年的；成熟的_________
帮课堂训练
Women were only ______(准许加入) into the club last year.
With his attention __________（集中）on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
They become __________(沉溺于) to smoking in three different ways.
As is known to us, there is a ____________（一代人）gap between the young and the old.
An a_____________（瘾君子）is someone who takes harmful drugs and cannot stop taking them.
He was a （录取）into a key university after hard work.
_______ (上瘾) to drugs, he seldom calls his parents except when he asks them for money.
The taxi driver was so ________（熟悉的）with this area that he soon took us to the hotel.
He has read many of the major works of___________________（文学）.
Although I know that he is not perfect, I do ______ (actual) like him.
People develop a ______ (prefer) for a particular style of learning at an early age.
We should learn their________________（advance）experience in management.
The ________ (attract) of the moon for the earth causes the tides(潮汐).
All the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub ______ (move) away as soon as possible.
The announcement only succeeded in creating __________________(confuse).
完成句子
1.我迫不及待地要告诉你我的旅行计划（can’t wait to do）。
_______________________________________________________
2,在这次旅游中我对中国文化和历史有了更好的了解have a good knowledge of）。
_______________________________________________________
3.人们公认环境污染已变得越来越严重了。(主语从句 it is...that...)
______________ __________________________________
4.(当)说到中国的著名历史人物，我非常佩服张骞。
, I admire ZhangQian very much.
5.我明天要动身去北京。（时态运用）
I Beijing tomorrow.
6.正因为如此，我们应该在在线学习时严格要求自己。(强调句型)
________________________________________
7．特别令人崇拜的是，他能在非常短的时间内画出极其详细的地图。(表语前置引起的倒装)
___________________________________________.
8．最近不曾有人打扫这个房间，以至于里面的所有东西都布满了灰尘。(so that引导结果状语从句)
Nobody has cleaned up the room recently
老师故意保持沉默，导致我们以为他生气了。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
__________________________， ________________.
10．六月的最后一个周日怎么样？那时考试已经结束，我们都有时间。(定语从句)
_______________________，
Task 1 词性变换
advance → adj. _______________
obvious → adv. _______________
responsible → (反义词) _______________ → n. _______________
→ 固定短语：_______________(对……负责)
edit → n. _______________(编辑；主编) → n._______________ (版本)
adventure → adj. _______________ → n. _______________ (冒险家)
young → n. _______________
survive → n. _______________ (生存；生还；幸存) → n. _______________(幸存者；生还者)
exert → 同义词/近义词 _______________
behave → n. _______________ → 固定搭配: _______________ (检点自己行为；守规矩；举止端正)
attract → n. _______________ → adj. _______________ → n. _______________
→ adv. _______________ →固定搭配：___________________ (喜爱;被……吸引到)
addict → adj. _____________ → n. _____________ (沉溺；上瘾)
→ 固定搭配：_____________ (对……上瘾/入迷)
Task 2 根据语境和所给词/汉语意思提示完成下列句子。
To the well-organized mind, death is but the next great _____________. (adventurous)
In his _____________ (young), he had shown great promise.
Hopes are fading for the _____________ (survive) of the missing climbers.
The miraculous _____________ (survive) of some people in the air crash was widely reported
by the press.
To her _____________ (专家；内行) eye, the painting was terrible.
6. Such _____________ (behave)is beneath contempt.
There is a _____________ (一代；一代人) gap between my parents and I.
8. She gave a quiet cough to _____________ (attractive) my attention.
9. Fred thought that Susan _______________ (喜欢；喜爱；被……吸引) him, so it was one in the
eye for him when she said she preferred me.
10. He _____________ (focus) the sun's rays on the paper with a burning glass when he did the
experiment.
11. Finally, he is no longer _____________ (addict) to drugs.
12. Child who is not accompanied by an _____________ (成年人) will not be admitted.
13. Can you try and be a little more _____________ (成熟的) about this
14. The result of the match was 2-1 to _____________.(芝加哥)
15. That rock and roll band is very big in _____________.(芝加哥)
【重点语句】
1 I think you should choose what_you_like. 我认为你应该选择你喜欢的。(教材P13)
归纳 拓展 what(什么)是连接代词，引导名词性从句；what本身在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。
①Show me what_you_have_bought.(宾语从句)
把你买的东西给我看看。
②What_Hu_Ge_offers_his_fans is honesty and happiness.(主语从句)
胡歌展示给他的粉丝的是诚实和快乐。
③The answer is not what_you_might_think.(表语从句)
答案不是你可以想到的。
2 I'll find a way to improve on my own so_that I can make the team next year. 我会努力提高自己的足球水平，这样明年我就可以加入球队了。(教材P14)
归纳 拓展 so that 这样，因此；为了，以便 (1)结果(引导结果状语从句) (2)以便于(引导目的状语从句)，相当于in order that，此时从句中常含有情态动词can, could, may等。
①We planted many flowers, so_that the garden soon looked beautiful.
我们种了很多花，因此花园很快就看起来很漂亮。
②I worked very hard so_that I could pass the exams.
我学习很用功，以便能考试及格。
3 The building is so big that I'm completely lost. 这座大楼太大了，我完全迷路了。(教材P16)
归纳 拓展 (1)so ... that ... 句型的常见形式： so＋adj./adv.＋that ... so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋ that ... so＋many/much/few/little＋n.＋ that ... (2)such ... that ... 句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n. (单数)＋that ... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that ... (3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
①The subway is so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.
地铁里是如此拥挤以致我找不到地方坐。
②He has made such_a_good_effort in his spare time that his English has improved a lot.
他在业余时间做了很大的努力，英语有了很大的提高。
③So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4 I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. 我建议你和你的朋友聊聊他的行为举止。(教材P18)
归纳 拓展 (1)behave vt.& vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现 behave well/badly to/towards ... 对……态度好/差 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 (2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的 badlybehaved adj. 表现差的 (3)behaviour n. 行为；举止
①His behaviour towards his father was becoming worse and worse.
他对父亲的行为越来越恶劣。
②It's not right for you to behave_badly_to the customers.
你对顾客不好是不对的。
③I do not want to be a socalled wellbehaved child.
我并不想做那些所谓的乖孩子。
5 But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_it_very_difficult_to_focus_on_other_things_in_life. 但是花费太多时间上网有害健康，并且很难集中精力于生活中的其他事情。(教材P18)
剖析 make在此用作使役动词，其宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等。
归纳 拓展 “make＋宾语＋宾补”结构 (1)当宾语是不定式(的复合结构)或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置，构成“make it＋n./adj.＋ to do sth./that ...”结构。 (2)make＋名词/代词＋名词，表示“使某人/某物成为……”，如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，其前不用冠词。 (3)make＋名词/代词＋形容词，表示“使某人/某物……”。 (4)make＋名词/代词＋省略to的不定式，表示“使某人某物做某事”。注意：该结构用于被动语态时，被省略的不定式符号to要还原。 (5)make＋名词/代词＋过去分词，表示“使某人/某物被……”。构成过去分词的动词与宾语(名词/代词)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
①We made_him_captain of our team.
我们让他当队长。
②She has won the game, which made_her_parents_proud.
她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。
③What he said made_all_of_us_laugh.
＝All of us were_made_to_laugh by what he said.(被动语态)
他的话让我们都大笑起来。
④She couldn't make_herself_heard above the noise of the traffic.
车辆噪音很大，人们无法听到她的声音。
⑤The man made_it_clear_that he wouldn't accept the task.
这个人说得很清楚，他不会接受这个任务。
【单元语法-常见结构短语】
(一)名词短语中修饰名词的有：形容词、数词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式或副词
1．形容词修饰名词
The_little_boy needs a_blue_pen.
小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。
2．数词修饰名词相当于形容词
There are two_boys in the room.
房间里有两个男孩。
3．代词或名词所有格修饰名词
His_name is Tom.
他的名字是汤姆。
There are two_boys_of_Toms there.
那儿有汤姆家的两个男孩。
4．介词短语修饰名词
The_boy_in_blue is Tom.
穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
5．名词修饰名词
There is only one ball pen in the_pencil_box.
这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。
6．副词修饰名词
The_best_boy_here is Tom.
这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。
7．不定式修饰名词
The_boy_to_write_this_letter needs a pen.
写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
8．分词(短语)修饰名词
The_smiling_boy needs a_pen_bought_by_his_mother.
那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
(二)名词短语中修饰名词的词或短语其位置一般有两种：用在名词之前的叫前置定语，用在名词之后的叫后置定语
1．定语前置
在英语里，一般定语前置时的次序为：限定词、形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语，但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，应注意其次序，其形容词遵循的次序为：限观形龄色国材，其指：限定词(一般指数量)；外观(美丽等)；形状(大小，高矮，肥瘦)；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：
an_interesting_little_red_French_oil painting
一幅小的有趣的法国红色油画
2．定语后置
(1)短语作定语一般在名词之后
He gave me a basket full_of_eggs.
他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。
(2)副词作定语一般在名词之后
The_people_here are very friendly.
这里的人很友好。
1．形容词短语，通常是副词修饰形容词，副词修饰形容词主要见于表示程度。如：
I was rather_angry at what he said。
我对他说的话相当生气。
Mary and Jane are quite_different.
玛丽与简大不一样。
The music is too_loud;_please turn it down.
这音乐太吵人了，请把音量关小一点。
It's difficult_enough,_but it could have been worse.
这事情够困难的了，本来可能会更糟呢。
Let's go shopping now. The shops should be fairly_empty.
我们去商店买东西吧。商店里人不会太多。
2．副词修饰形容词，有时也表示方面或方式等。如：
I am economically_independent.
我在经济方面是独立的。
The book is historically_inaccurate.
这本书从历史上说不准确。
副词短语，通常是副词修饰副词，主要见于表示程度。此时，起修饰作用的副词常见的有almost, fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really 等。如：
He was back quite_quickly.
他很快就回来了。
They thought very_highly of him.
他们对他评价很高。
I think you have done your work very_finely.
我认为你工作干得不错。
He spoke too_quickly for me to understand.
他说得太快了，我听不懂。
Having lived there for two years, he knew the place quite_well.
他在那里住过两年，对这地方很熟悉。
Unit 1 TEENAGE LIFE
1.2 Discovering Useful Structures
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词, 在句子里可以单独构成一种句子成分。
一．名词短语: 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。
（一）名词短语的组成
1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有：限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。 注意：限定词包括： 冠词 （a / an / the )、指 示代词 （this、that、these、those等 ）、 物主代词 （my 、your、his、her、our、their 等 ）和不定 代词（some、 no 、neither、 both 等 ） What is your sister’s favorite color 你姐姐最喜欢的颜色是什么？ The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price. 网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。 Our school has fifty-six women teachers. 我们学校有56个女教师。 Mom, please give me two tomatoes. I want to make vegetable salad. 妈妈，请给我两个西红柿，我想做蔬菜沙拉。 The sleeping child is his son. 正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子. The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground. 落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。 He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了.
2.名词+ 后置定语 作后置定语的主要有：介词短语、分词、不定式等。 Here are two nice photos of my family. 这儿有两张我家的好看的相片。 As we all know, Mountain Tai is the pride of Shandong. 众所周知，泰山是山东的骄傲。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city. 如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。 There are some boys playing basketball over there. 有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。 Do you know the man talking to Tom 你认识正在和汤姆谈话的那个人吗？ The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 昨天讨论的问题被解决了。 Nowadays some products made in China are both good and cheap. 现在很多中国制造的产品质量好且便宜。 The man to give us a talk next week is a scientist.下周要给我们作报告的人是个科学家。 Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the prize in science. 屠呦呦是第一个获得科学奖的中国人。
（二）名词短语的功能
名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
1.作主语 The broken glass may cut into your hand if you touch it. 如果你触摸它，坏了的玻璃杯可能会划伤你的手。 ----The best season to come to Yichang is spring. 到宜昌的最佳季节是春季。 ----I think so. The green water and green mountains are unforgettable 我也是这样看的。青山绿水令人难忘。 The houses built last year are for the teachers. 去年建成的那些房子是为老师们建的。
2.作宾语 I’d like tomato noodles for breakfast. 早餐我想要西红柿面条。 Jack’s mother can’t go to the parents’ meeting because she is too busy. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会，因为她太忙了。 Do you have this T-shirt in a small size 你有小号的这款T恤吗？
3.作表语 Excuse me! Is this Lucy and Lily’s new house 打扰一下，这是露西和莉莉的新房子吗？ He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。 This is the method of cooking the tasty cookie. 这就是做这种美味甜饼的方法。
4.作宾语补足语 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。 More and more foreigners consider Beijing Opera an important part of Chinese culture. 越来越多的外国人认为京剧是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
二．形容词短语
形容词短语的组成
1.副词+形容词 注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。 The little boy is very clever. 这个小男孩很聪明。 My deskmate is really active. 我的同桌真的是很活泼。 I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。 She feels quite happy. 她感到很开心。 Tom is much more friendly and he has more friends. 汤姆（对人）更友好，他有更多的朋友。 This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。 This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。 You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。
2. 形容词+ 介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。 The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
3. 形容词+ 不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。
（二）形容词短语的功能
形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions. 我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。 Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。
2. 作表语 The sweater is too expensive，and I don’t have enough money to buy it. 那件毛衣太贵了，我没有足够的钱买。 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends. 罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。 He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing! 他什么都干不了，一点也没用。
3. 作宾语 补足语 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。 I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。
4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。 Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。
三．副词短语
副词短语的组成
副词+副词 注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。 You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly 你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？ You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。
副词短语的功能
1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。
2. 修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast. 大火蔓延得太快了。
4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。
总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。