Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元词汇基础过关练（含解析）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元词汇基础过关练（含解析）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 |  | |
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高二英语期末复习单元词汇基础过关练XB1 U1 People of Achievement
姓名：___________班级：___________
一、单词拼写
1．They are used for moving (液体) from one pressure area to another pressure area.
2．Water is (必不可少的) to keeping every living thing alive.
3．A journalist should be completely (客观的) and not express any personal ideas or emotions. 4． (创立) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the world.
5．The results of the survey fell into two groups. (明显不同的)
6．This (理论) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other.
7．Tom finally came to the (结论) that it was not easy to lose weight.
8．Over those years she (逐渐地) built up a reputation as a successful lawyer.
9．My friend is a famous author who wrote many (小说).
10．The two of them frequently discuss (学术的) questions through email.
11．The speaker had (显然) struck a chord with his audience.
12．A fortunate (相遇) on the street brought the two friends together after a long separation.
13．One medical text suggested using the (提取；提取物) from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.
14．This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I’ve ever (遇到).
15．The ancient civilizations of Central and Latin America were (建立) upon corn.
16．The first-person narrator is a device that has been used by many . (小说家)
17．He had a thick (上唇的胡子) and long white hair.
18．He has been late on (众多的；许多的) occasions.
19．I'm going to apply for a (专利) on my invention, but I'm not sure how to prepare the application. 20．Blood (流动) from a cut on her head at that moment.
21．In old times people had a (理论) that the world was flat.
22．There is no doubt that a good education is of (极其重要) importance to us.
23．A computer is a (设备) for processing information.
24． (教授) Green is working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
25．Use the checklist to help you review your partner’s (草稿；草案).
26．A committee of teachers will (评估) materials and give opinions.
27．He took a very (科学的) approach to management.
28．In universities, the (教授) not only need to teach the students, but they also have to carry out researches and publish essays. 29．You need to sit down and (分析) why you feel so upset.
30．She has a (非比寻常的) inner strength.
二、语法填空
31．However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a （commit）to something larger than our own little egos（自我价值感）
32．Bill set up a club for football fans, which he invited all his friends.
33．People with rare characters in their names, aren’t compatible with existing computer systems, can get left behind--pushing many to change their names for the sake of convenience, even if it means abandoning centuries of heritage and language.
34． is predicted, his gifted son has become a lawyer.
35．She is my good friend, help made me fit in with the class so quickly. I will never forget those days we stayed together.
36．We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.
37．You were very impolite to him, __________ you should apologize to him for.
38．In our class there were 42 students, nearly 80% of wear glasses.
39．She brought her guitar to the party, turned out to be a great idea as everyone enjoyed the music.
40．This discovery would, of course, shortly lead lo the invention of the X-ray machine, which would in turn, evolve into the CT scan machine, both of would become essential to non - invasive medical diagnoses MCN (非介入式诊断).
41．There are 102 elements in nature, most of are metals.
42．Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, we could get our car battery charged.
43．The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through he could see what was happening inside the house.
44．I will talk to those students, the homework of hasn't been finished.
45．This is the same costume I bought online.
46．The journalists, most of have never been to China, expressed their eagerness to visit China.
47．TU Youyou is considered a (commit) and patient scientist.
48． no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.
49．I hope acupuncture, with help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people.
50．As (expect), he refused our invitation rudely without explanation.
51．With his (ordinary) imagination, free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language, Li Bai is (wide) recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.
52．Some experts think reading is the basic skill, which school education depends.
53．He was late for school again, made the head teacher very annoyed.
54．Those motorcycles, a huge umbrella is fixed,are a huge threat to people walking in the street.
55．In the war, they narrowly avoided (defeat) by the enemy.
56．Tom’s father suffered from long-term health problem, as a result of , his family had little money to afford his formal schooling.
57．The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, was agreed beforehand.
58．He made an important (contribute) to the debate which was held last week.
59．Lion dance is a form of traditional dance in China, can be often seen in important festivals and great events.
60．Anyway, that evening, I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
三、选词填空
根据语境，选择下框中的短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。
appeal to， be absent from， be fed up with， on show， on the move insist on， ban sh. from， put on， take up， have a good command of
61．She was invited by the President, who had just come to power, to a position as ambassador.
62．Hundreds of delicate works of paper-cutting will be at the city's gallery.
63．He a smile which makes other people feel more trustable with him.
64．Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he always found himself .
65．You should respect the views of others, and at the same time what you think is right.
66． English and Spanish makes her stand out from her peers.
67．I am writing to explain to you the reason why I your lecture last time.
68．She athletics for two years after failing a drug test.
69．His sense of humor her enormously the first time they met each other.
70．I my job and I want to change my career.
从方框中选出合适的短语，并用其适当的形式完成句子。
commit oneself to, keep track of, come to power, leak out, sum up, sort out, serve as, bet on
71．It is three years since he , and the leadership of him has seen people’s living standard improved.
72．If cycling each day can make you healthier, why not it and have a better life
73．An order was given by the general that all the information be kept secret and those key details be punished and banned from any further promotion.
74．Supporting actor as he was in the film, he talked as if he a leading character and contributed a lot to its success.
75．Clara says in an upset manner, “I am moving to another office and I am afraid I all the papers and files this time tomorrow.”
76．In the remote area, digital connection, offers an opportunity to find innovative ways elderly people’s health and other needs, and accordingly provide them with those services.
77．This is the first time that I the horse, only to find I am not a lucky man.
78．It is recommended by the professor that the conclusion in three aspects.
根据句意，选择短语并以其适当形式填空。
79．When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood .
80．We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves .
81．She was overwhelmed with fear what she had done.
82．My brother was much older and cleverer than me, so I always held him .
83．Of course you want to your doctor before you take any of the tips in this article.
84．To be seen crying sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears falling down .
85．Those who seek to grab power deserve punishment.
86．The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal .
87．The two political parties have been since the election.
88．Pipe smokers sometimes the tips of their teeth where they grip their pipes.
用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
get used to; sign up for; hand out; keep up with; deal with; compare with; prepare for; graduate from; clean up; try out for
89． his brother, Jerry is more easily troubled by relationship problems.
90．I can’t go to the basketball match with you this evening because I will the exam.
91．Almost 5 years has passed since my brother Shandong University.
92．My brother listening to some light music before sleep every night.
93．In order to enrich my knowledge, I have a distance learning course.
94．The company hired several college students to leaflets to people on the street.
95．As a teacher, I love technology and try to it so I can relate to my students.
96．Ordinary soap, used correctly, can the bacteria (细菌) effectively.
97．The teacher blamed me yesterday afternoon for not having the classroom.
98．Adam the school basketball team, but was refused by the coach.
参考答案：
1．liquid/liquids
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们用于将液体从一个压力区移动到另一个压力区。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词liquid或liquids，表示“液体”，liquid通常是不可数名词，但是liquids可以表示“多种液体”，也符合语境。故填liquid或liquids。
2．vital
【详解】考查形容词。句意：水是维持一切生物生存所必不可少的。根据汉语提示“必不可少的”及前文系动词is可知，此处应用形容词vital作表语。故填vital。
3．objective
【详解】考查形容词。句意：记者应该完全客观，不表达任何个人的想法和情绪。“客观的”为形容词objective，作表语。故填objective。
4．Founded
【详解】考查动词。句意：哈佛大学成立于1636年，是世界上最著名的大学之一。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词found；分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和句子的主语之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Founded。
5．distinct
【详解】考查形容词。句意：调查结果形成两个明显不同的小组。空格处是定语，要用形容词，结合汉语提示，故填distinct。
6．theory
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个理论有助于解释动物之间是如何交流的。空处应填名词作主语，结合汉语提示可知， theory理论，是可数名词，谓语动词helps使用的是第三人称单数形式，故用名词单数作主语。故填theory。
7．conclusion
【详解】考查名词。句意：Tom最终得出结论，减肥不容易。根据单词汉语提示及空前的Tom finally came to the可知应填名词形式conclusion，作宾语，come to a conclusion“得出结论”，固定搭配。故填conclusion。
8．gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意：在那些年中，她逐渐建立起了作为一名成功律师的声誉。根据汉语提示可知，此处用副词gradually表示“逐渐地”作状语，符合题意。故填gradually。
9．novels/fictions
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的朋友是一位著名的作家，写了许多小说。“小说”为名词novel/fiction，作宾语，由many可知，应用复数，故填novels/fictions。
10．academic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩经常通过电子邮件讨论学术问题。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词questions，根据提示的汉语，表示“学术的”应为academic。故填academic。
11．apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意：演讲者显然引起了听众的共鸣。修饰动词，用副词形式。副词“显然”英文为apparently。根据汉语提示及句意，故填apparently。
12．encounter
【详解】考查名词。句意：在街上的一次幸运相遇使这两个朋友久别重逢。根据汉语提示和空前的A fortunate可知 ，这里应用名词单数作主语，encounter意为“相遇”，符合题意。故填encounter。
13．extract
【详解】考查名词。句意：篇医学文章建议用艾草的提取物来治疗发烧。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词extract“提取物”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填extract。
14．encountered
【详解】考查动词。句意：这绝对是我遇到过的最令人失望的情况。根据汉语提示可知应填动词encounter，结合上文I’ve ever 可知为现在完成时。故填encountered。
15．founded
【详解】考查动词。句意：中美洲和拉丁美洲的古代文明是建立在玉米之上的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词found，与空处were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填founded。
16．novelists
【详解】考查名词。句意：第一人称叙述是许多小说家使用的一种手段。“小说家”的英文为novelist，可数名词。many后面接可数名词复数作介词by的宾语。故填novelists。
17．moustache
【详解】考查名词。句意：他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发。根据汉语提示可知应填名词moustache，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填moustache。
18．numerous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他已多次迟到。根据汉语提示“众多的；许多的”可知应填形容词numerous，作定语。故填numerous。
19．patent
【详解】考查名词。句意：我打算为我的发明申请专利，但我不确定如何准备申请。根据汉语提示可知应用名词patent，不定冠词提示用单数。故填patent。
20．flowed
【详解】考查动词。句意：在那一刻，血从她头上的伤口流出。“流动”用动词flow。根据句中时间状语at that moment可知，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填flowed。
21．theory
【详解】考查名词。句意：在古代，人们有一个理论：世界是扁的。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词theory，由空格前的不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填theory。
22．vital/crucial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，良好的教育对我们至关重要。根据名词importance可知，设空处需填入形容词作定语，形容词vital和crucial都表示“至关重要的”，符合汉语提示和句意要求。故填vital/crucial。
【点睛】
23．device
【详解】考查名词。句意：计算机是处理信息的设备。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词a，所以空处应填名词，根据所给中文提示词，应是device意为“设备”。故填device。
24．Professor
【详解】考查名词。句意：格林教授为了赶在最后期限前完成这个项目，日夜不停地工作。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，表示“教授”用professor。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Professor。
25．draft
【详解】考查名词。句意：使用清单来帮助你检查你的合伙人的草案。“草案”表达为名词draft，根据句意，应用名词的单数形式，作review的宾语。故填draft。
26．evaluate
【详解】考查动词。句意：一个教师委员会将评估材料并发表意见。根据汉语提示，表示“评估”含义的词为evaluate，因空白处为一般将来时，will接动词原形，故填evaluate。
27．scientific
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他采取非常科学的方法来管理。修饰空后名词approach应用形容词，根据汉语提示，scientific“科学的”符合题意。故填scientific。
28．professors
【详解】考查名词。句意：在大学里，教授不仅需要教学生，还要进行研究并发表论文。根据汉语提示“教授”，以及上文the可知此处应填名词professor作句子的主语，根据后文they，用复数形式。故填professors。
29．analyse
【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要坐下来分析一下你为什么这么沮丧。根据汉语提示可知应填动词analyse，结合上文You need to sit down and可知为短语need to do sth.。故填analyse。
30．remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她内心的力量非比寻常。根据汉语提示“非比寻常的”，以及上文冠词a可知，此处应填辅音音素开头的形容词remarkable，作定语。故填remarkable。
31．commitment
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：然而，只有当我们做出比我们的自我价值感更大的承诺时，我们才能实现意义。该空作made的宾语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用单数，make a commitment意为“做出承诺、贡献”，故填commitment。
32．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：比尔成立了一个球迷俱乐部，邀请了他所有的朋友参加。分析句子可知，“ which he invited all his friends”作定语修饰先行词club，which指代the club，根据句意，用invite sb. to +地点“邀请某人去某处”，故which作介词to的宾语，故填to。
33．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：名字中有稀有字符的人，与现有的计算机系统不兼容，可能会被遗忘——迫使许多人为了方便而改名，即使这意味着放弃几个世纪的文化遗产和语言。分析句子可知，“ aren’t compatible with existing computer systems”在句中为非限制性定语从句，先行词为rare characters in their names，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which，故填which。
34．As
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，他的天才儿子成为了一名律师。句中设空处引导的是宾语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，且意为“正如”，应用as引导。故填As。
35． whose when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是我的好朋友，她的帮助让我很快就适应了班集体。我永远不会忘记我们在一起的那些日子。第一个空引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰help，用whose。第二个空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为those days，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填whose;when。
36．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们不应该用我们的钱来给这么多的人做检查，他们中的大部分是健康的。句中先行词为people，在从句中作most of的宾语，故用关系代词whom。故填whom。
37．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你对他很不礼貌，你应该为此向他道歉。本处是定语从句，空处是非限定性定语从句的引导词，先行词是整个句子“You were very impolite to him”，应用which作引导词；故填which。
38．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们班有42名学生，几乎80%的都戴眼镜。分析句子结构和意思可知，nearly 80% of wear glasses是定语从句，先行词 42 students在从句中做介词of的宾语，指人，所以用关系代词whom。故填whom。
39．which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她带着吉他来参加聚会，结果证明这是一个好主意，因为每个人都喜欢音乐。分析句子可知，设空处是非限制性定语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，代指前面整句话的意思，应用关系代词which。故填which。
40．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当然，这一发现很快促使了X光机的发明，进而演变成CT扫描仪，这两者都成为MCN的非侵入性医疗诊断的关键。分析可知，“both of________would become essential to non - invasive medical diagnoses MCN (非介入式诊断).”是非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which构成短语both of which，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the invention of the X-ray machine和the CT scan machine。故填which。
41．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自然界中有102种元素，其中大部分是金属。分析句子可知，此处为most of+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词102 elements在从句中作介词of的宾语成分。故填which。
42．where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是underground car park，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
43．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上挖了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是hole，指物，关系词在从句中作介词through的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
44．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要和那些学生谈谈，他们的家庭作业还没有完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词those students，指人，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
45．as
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这和我在网上买的衣服一样。固定搭配 the same...as...（……和……一样），应用介词as。故填as。
46．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些记者大多从未到过中国，他们表达了参观中国的愿望。分析句子结构可知，most of后需接关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是journalists，指人，关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句。故填whom。
47．committed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦被认为是一位忠诚而有耐心的科学家。修饰名词scientist需要用形容词作定语。故填committed。
48．Under/In
【详解】考查介词。句意：在任何情况下，我们都不能同意这样一个原则。表示“在任何情况下都不”，短语为under/in no circumstances。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Under/In。
49．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我希望针灸疗法——借助它的帮助我得以康复——能继续为其他人带来健康。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词acupuncture。先行词在定语从句中做定语，所以用关系代词whos引导该从句。故填whose。
50．expected
【详解】考查定语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：不出所料，他粗鲁地拒绝了我们的邀请，没有作任何解释。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句的省略，意为“正如被预测到的”，原句是As had been expected。故答案为expected。
51． extraordinary widely
【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：凭借非凡的想象力、强烈情感的自由表达和对语言的精通，李白被公认为是继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。第一空，根据句意和所给形容词ordinary以及空格后的名词imagination分析句子可知，空格处应该填入ordinary的反义词extraordinary作定语，表示“非凡的”，修饰后面的imagination。第二空，应该填入wide的副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词，故填extraordinary；widely。
52．on/upon
【详解】考查介词。句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。分析句子结构，此处是“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the basic skill；depend on/upon是固定短语，表示“依赖于……”，从句补充完整应为school education depends on/upon the basic skill。故填介词on/upon。
53．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他上学又迟到了，这使班主任很生气。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。
54．where
【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这些摩托车固定着一把巨大的雨伞，对街上行走的人们构成了巨大的威胁。先行词为motorcycles，关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
55．being defeated
【分析】本题考查词汇语法语境应用能力。
【详解】考查动名词。句意：在战争中，他们险些被敌人打败。分析可知，avoid 之后应是动名词作宾语，所填动词与主语之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式，being done。故填being defeated。
56．which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：汤姆的父亲长期患有健康问题，因此，他的家庭几乎没有钱供他上正规学校。分析句子结合句意可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词指代前一句话陈述的内容，从句中as a result of 缺少宾语，所以用which引导该从句，代替先行词作从句的宾语，故填which。
57．as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：两兄弟对此决定都满意，正如他们事先同意的那样。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文整个主句表示“正如，正像”用as。故填as。
58．contribution
【详解】考查名词。句意：他对上周举行的辩论作出了重要贡献。important是形容词，修饰名词，contribute的名词是contribution，意为“贡献”，空前有an，空格处用单数，make an important contribution to是固定短语，意为“做出重要贡献”，因此空格处是contribution。故填contribution。
59．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：舞狮是中国传统舞蹈的一种形式，经常出现在重要的节日和重大活动中。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a form of traditional dance。先行词指事物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
60．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不管怎样，那天晚上，我最终住在瑞秋家，稍后我会告诉你更多。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“that evening”，指事物，在从句中作“about”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
61．take up 62．on show 63．puts on 64．on the move 65．insist on 66．Having a good command of 67．was absent from 68．was banned from 69．appealed to 70．am fed up with
【解析】61．考查固定短语。句意：她受到刚刚上台的总统的邀请，担任大使一职。根据后文a position as ambassador以及句意“担任”可知短语为take up，此处为不定式，应填动词原形。故填take up。
62．考查固定短语。句意：数百件精美的剪纸作品将在该市的画廊展出。根据上文Hundreds of delicate works of paper-cutting will be以及句意“展出”可知短语为be on show。故填on show。
63．考查固定短语和时态。句意：他面带微笑，使别人觉得他更值得信赖。根据后文a smile以及句意“面带微笑”可知短语为put on，根据后文makes可知为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填puts on。
64．考查固定短语。句意：杰克从来不想在一个地方呆太久，所以他总是四处走动。根据上文Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long以及句意“四处走动”可知短语为on the move。故填on the move。
65．考查固定短语。句意：你应该尊重别人的意见，同时坚持你认为是对的。根据后文what you think is right以及句意“坚持”可知短语为insist on，且should后跟动词原形。故填insist on。
66．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：她精通英语和西班牙语，这使她在同龄人中脱颖而出。根据后文English and Spanish makes her stand out from her peers以及句意“精通”可知短语为have a good command of，此处作句子的主语应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having a good command of。
67．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我写信的目的是向您解释我上次缺席您讲座的原因。根据上文I am writing to explain to you the reason why以及句意“缺席”可知短语为be absent from，根据后文last time可知用一般过去时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was absent from。
68．考查固定短语和时态。句意：她因未通过药检而被禁赛两年。根据后文athletics for two years after failing a drug test以及句意“被禁止”可知短语为be banned from，此处为一般过去时，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was banned from。
69．考查固定短语和时态。句意：他们第一次见面时，他的幽默感就极大地吸引了她。根据后文her enormously the first time they met each other以及句意“吸引”可知短语为appeal to，根据后文met可知为一般过去时。故填appealed to。
70．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我厌倦了我的工作，我想换一份工作。根据后文my job and I want to change my career以及句意“厌倦”可知短语为be fed up with，结合后文want可知为一般现在时。故填am fed up with。
71．came to power 72．commit yourself to 73．leaking out 74．served as 75．will be sorting out 76．to keep track of 77．have bet on 78．be summed up
【解析】71．考查固定短语。句意：他执政已经三年了，在他的领导下，人民的生活水平得到了提高。根据“he leadership of him has seen people’s living standard improved”以及句意“执政”可知应填come to power，此处时间状语从句应用一般过去时。故填came to power。
72．考查固定短语。句意：如果每天骑自行车能让你更健康，为什么不坚持下去，过上更好的生活呢？根据“and have a better life”以及句意“坚持下去”可知应填commit oneself to，此处为句型why not do sth.。故填commit yourself to。
73．考查固定短语。句意：将军下令对所有信息保密，泄露关键细节的人将受到惩罚，并禁止进一步晋升。根据“key details”以及句意“泄露”可知应填leak out，分析句子结构可知与逻辑主语those构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填leaking out。
74．考查固定短语。句意：虽然他是配角，但他说话时却像是在扮演主角，为影片的成功做出了很大贡献。根据“a leading character and contributed a lot to its success”以及句意“扮演”可知应填serve as，根据上文he was in the film可知为一般过去时。故填served as。
75．考查固定短语。句意：克拉拉心烦意乱地说：“我要搬到另一个办公室去了，恐怕明天这个时候我要整理所有的文件和文档了。”根据“all the papers and files”以及句意“整理”可知应填sort out，根据后文this time tomorrow可知为将来进行时，故填will be sorting out。
76．考查固定短语。句意：在偏远地区，数字连接提供了一个机会，可以找到创新的方法来跟踪老年人的健康状况和其他需求，并相应地为他们提供这些服务。根据“elderly people’s health and other needs”以及句意“跟踪”可知应填keep track of，way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to keep track of。
77．考查固定短语。句意：这是我第一次赌马，却发现我不是一个幸运的人。根据“the horse, only to find I am not a lucky man”以及句意“就……打赌”可知应填bet on，此处为句型This is the first time that+现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have，故填have bet on。
78．考查固定短语。句意：教授建议将结论归纳为三个方面。根据“in three aspects”以及句意“归纳”可知应填sum up，与主语构成被动关系，且此处为虚拟语气，从句需用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填be summed up。
79．in ruins 80．at risk 81．at the thought of 82．in awe 83．consult with 84．on purpose 85．through violence 86．wear and tear 87．in conflict 88．wear down
【解析】79．考查词组。句意：第二天，当他们返回洛克韦时，发现他们的居住地附近已成废墟。根据句意可知，空格处填in ruins“严重受损、成为废墟”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填in ruins。
80．考查词组。句意：我们必须找到一种方法来让更多的人合格，而不是让自己处于危险之中。根据句意可知，空格处填at risk“处于危险之中”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填at risks。
81．考查词组。句意：一想到自己所做的事，她就吓得不知所措。根据句意可知，空格处填at the thought of“一想到……”，作状语，符合语境。故填at the thought of。
82．考查词组。句意：我哥哥比我大得多，也比我聪明得多，所以我一直对他怀有敬畏之情。根据句意可知，空格处填in awe“敬畏，惊叹”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填in awe。
83．考查词组。句意：当然，在您使用本文中的任何提示之前，您需要同您的医生商议。根据句意可知，空格处填consult with“与某人相商、商议”，不定式作宾语，符合语境。故填consult with。
84．考查词组。句意：为了让人看到他悲伤地哭泣，小男孩抬起头，故意让眼泪流下来。根据句意可知，空格处填on purpose“故意地”，作状语，符合语境。故填on purpose。
85．考查词组。句意：那些试图通过暴力夺取权力的人应该受到惩罚。根据句意可知，空格处填through violence“通过包暴力”，作状语，符合语境。故填through violence。
86．考查词组。句意：保险单不包括正常磨损造成的损坏。根据句意可知，空格处填wear and tear“（正常的）磨损”，作介词宾语，符合语境。故填wear and tear。
87．考查词组。句意：自选举以来，这两个政党一直处于冲突之中。根据句意可知，空格处填in conflict“处于矛盾、冲突之中”，作表语，符合语境。故填in conflict。
88．考查词组。句意：吸烟者有时会在握住烟斗的地方磨掉牙尖。根据句意可知，空格处填wear down“磨平”，作谓语，符合语境。故填wear down。
89．Compared with 90．prepare for 91．graduated from 92．gets used to 93．signed up for 94．hand out 95．keep up with 96．deal with 97．cleaned up 98．tried out for
【解析】89．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：和他哥哥相比，杰瑞更容易被感情问题所困扰。由“his brother, Jerry is more easily troubled by relationship problems”可知，句子表示“和他哥哥相比，杰瑞更容易被感情问题所困扰”，空格处意为“和……相比”，是固定短语compare with，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，Jerry和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Compared with。
90．考查固定短语。句意：今晚我不能和你去看篮球赛了，因为我要准备考试。由“I can’t go to the basketball match with you”可知，句子表示“今晚我不能和你去看篮球赛了，因为我要准备考试”，空格处意为“准备”，是固定短语prepare for，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填prepare for。
91．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我哥哥从山东大学毕业已经快5年了。由“Shandong University”可知，句子表示“我哥哥从山东大学毕业已经快5年了”，空格处意为“从……毕业”，是固定短语graduate from，主句时态是现在完成时，since引导的句子中时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填graduated from。
92．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：我弟弟习惯每晚睡前听一些轻音乐。由“listening to some light music before sleep every night”可知，句子表示“我弟弟习惯每晚睡前听一些轻音乐”，空格处意为“习惯于”，是固定短语get used to，由every night可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语brother是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填gets used to。
93．考查固定短语和时态。句意：为了丰富我的知识，我报了一个远程学习课程。由“a distance learning course”可知，句子表示“为了丰富我的知识，我报了一个远程学习课程”，空格处意为“报名参加”，是固定短语sign up for，由have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处动词用过去分词，故填signed up for。
94．考查固定短语和不定式。句意：这家公司雇了几名大学生在街上向人们散发传单。由“leaflets to people on the street”可知，句子表示“这家公司雇了几名大学生在街上向人们散发传单”，空格处意为“分发”，是固定短语hand out，句中用不定式表目的，空前有to，空格处动词用原形，故填hand out。
95．考查固定短语和不定式。句意：作为一名教师，我喜欢科技，并努力跟上科技的发展，这样我就能与学生建立联系。由“so I can relate to my students”可知，句子表示“我喜欢科技，并努力跟上科技的发展，这样我就能与学生建立联系”，空格处意为“跟上”，是固定短语keep up with，try to do是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，空格处动词用原形，故填keep up with。
96．考查固定短语。句意：普通肥皂，正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌。由“the bacteria (细菌) effectively”可知，句子表示“普通肥皂，正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌”，空格处意为“处理”，是固定短语deal with，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填deal with。
97．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：昨天下午老师责备我没有打扫教室。由“the classroom”可知，句子表示“昨天下午老师责备我没有打扫教室”，空格处意为“打扫”，是固定短语clean up，空格处用动名词作宾语，没有打扫这个动作发生在blamed之前，因此用having done作for的宾语，空前有having，空格处动词用过去分词，故填cleaned up。
98．考查固定短语和时态。句意：亚当参加校篮球队的选拔，但被教练拒绝了。由“the school basketball team, but was refused by the coach”可知，句子表示“亚当参加校篮球队的选拔，但被教练拒绝了”，空格处意为“参加选拔”，是固定短语try out for，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填tried out for。
姓名：___________班级：___________
一、单词拼写
1．They are used for moving (液体) from one pressure area to another pressure area.
2．Water is (必不可少的) to keeping every living thing alive.
3．A journalist should be completely (客观的) and not express any personal ideas or emotions. 4． (创立) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the world.
5．The results of the survey fell into two groups. (明显不同的)
6．This (理论) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other.
7．Tom finally came to the (结论) that it was not easy to lose weight.
8．Over those years she (逐渐地) built up a reputation as a successful lawyer.
9．My friend is a famous author who wrote many (小说).
10．The two of them frequently discuss (学术的) questions through email.
11．The speaker had (显然) struck a chord with his audience.
12．A fortunate (相遇) on the street brought the two friends together after a long separation.
13．One medical text suggested using the (提取；提取物) from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.
14．This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I’ve ever (遇到).
15．The ancient civilizations of Central and Latin America were (建立) upon corn.
16．The first-person narrator is a device that has been used by many . (小说家)
17．He had a thick (上唇的胡子) and long white hair.
18．He has been late on (众多的；许多的) occasions.
19．I'm going to apply for a (专利) on my invention, but I'm not sure how to prepare the application. 20．Blood (流动) from a cut on her head at that moment.
21．In old times people had a (理论) that the world was flat.
22．There is no doubt that a good education is of (极其重要) importance to us.
23．A computer is a (设备) for processing information.
24． (教授) Green is working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
25．Use the checklist to help you review your partner’s (草稿；草案).
26．A committee of teachers will (评估) materials and give opinions.
27．He took a very (科学的) approach to management.
28．In universities, the (教授) not only need to teach the students, but they also have to carry out researches and publish essays. 29．You need to sit down and (分析) why you feel so upset.
30．She has a (非比寻常的) inner strength.
二、语法填空
31．However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a （commit）to something larger than our own little egos（自我价值感）
32．Bill set up a club for football fans, which he invited all his friends.
33．People with rare characters in their names, aren’t compatible with existing computer systems, can get left behind--pushing many to change their names for the sake of convenience, even if it means abandoning centuries of heritage and language.
34． is predicted, his gifted son has become a lawyer.
35．She is my good friend, help made me fit in with the class so quickly. I will never forget those days we stayed together.
36．We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.
37．You were very impolite to him, __________ you should apologize to him for.
38．In our class there were 42 students, nearly 80% of wear glasses.
39．She brought her guitar to the party, turned out to be a great idea as everyone enjoyed the music.
40．This discovery would, of course, shortly lead lo the invention of the X-ray machine, which would in turn, evolve into the CT scan machine, both of would become essential to non - invasive medical diagnoses MCN (非介入式诊断).
41．There are 102 elements in nature, most of are metals.
42．Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, we could get our car battery charged.
43．The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through he could see what was happening inside the house.
44．I will talk to those students, the homework of hasn't been finished.
45．This is the same costume I bought online.
46．The journalists, most of have never been to China, expressed their eagerness to visit China.
47．TU Youyou is considered a (commit) and patient scientist.
48． no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.
49．I hope acupuncture, with help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people.
50．As (expect), he refused our invitation rudely without explanation.
51．With his (ordinary) imagination, free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language, Li Bai is (wide) recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.
52．Some experts think reading is the basic skill, which school education depends.
53．He was late for school again, made the head teacher very annoyed.
54．Those motorcycles, a huge umbrella is fixed,are a huge threat to people walking in the street.
55．In the war, they narrowly avoided (defeat) by the enemy.
56．Tom’s father suffered from long-term health problem, as a result of , his family had little money to afford his formal schooling.
57．The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, was agreed beforehand.
58．He made an important (contribute) to the debate which was held last week.
59．Lion dance is a form of traditional dance in China, can be often seen in important festivals and great events.
60．Anyway, that evening, I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
三、选词填空
根据语境，选择下框中的短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。
appeal to， be absent from， be fed up with， on show， on the move insist on， ban sh. from， put on， take up， have a good command of
61．She was invited by the President, who had just come to power, to a position as ambassador.
62．Hundreds of delicate works of paper-cutting will be at the city's gallery.
63．He a smile which makes other people feel more trustable with him.
64．Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he always found himself .
65．You should respect the views of others, and at the same time what you think is right.
66． English and Spanish makes her stand out from her peers.
67．I am writing to explain to you the reason why I your lecture last time.
68．She athletics for two years after failing a drug test.
69．His sense of humor her enormously the first time they met each other.
70．I my job and I want to change my career.
从方框中选出合适的短语，并用其适当的形式完成句子。
commit oneself to, keep track of, come to power, leak out, sum up, sort out, serve as, bet on
71．It is three years since he , and the leadership of him has seen people’s living standard improved.
72．If cycling each day can make you healthier, why not it and have a better life
73．An order was given by the general that all the information be kept secret and those key details be punished and banned from any further promotion.
74．Supporting actor as he was in the film, he talked as if he a leading character and contributed a lot to its success.
75．Clara says in an upset manner, “I am moving to another office and I am afraid I all the papers and files this time tomorrow.”
76．In the remote area, digital connection, offers an opportunity to find innovative ways elderly people’s health and other needs, and accordingly provide them with those services.
77．This is the first time that I the horse, only to find I am not a lucky man.
78．It is recommended by the professor that the conclusion in three aspects.
根据句意，选择短语并以其适当形式填空。
79．When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood .
80．We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves .
81．She was overwhelmed with fear what she had done.
82．My brother was much older and cleverer than me, so I always held him .
83．Of course you want to your doctor before you take any of the tips in this article.
84．To be seen crying sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears falling down .
85．Those who seek to grab power deserve punishment.
86．The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal .
87．The two political parties have been since the election.
88．Pipe smokers sometimes the tips of their teeth where they grip their pipes.
用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
get used to; sign up for; hand out; keep up with; deal with; compare with; prepare for; graduate from; clean up; try out for
89． his brother, Jerry is more easily troubled by relationship problems.
90．I can’t go to the basketball match with you this evening because I will the exam.
91．Almost 5 years has passed since my brother Shandong University.
92．My brother listening to some light music before sleep every night.
93．In order to enrich my knowledge, I have a distance learning course.
94．The company hired several college students to leaflets to people on the street.
95．As a teacher, I love technology and try to it so I can relate to my students.
96．Ordinary soap, used correctly, can the bacteria (细菌) effectively.
97．The teacher blamed me yesterday afternoon for not having the classroom.
98．Adam the school basketball team, but was refused by the coach.
参考答案：
1．liquid/liquids
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们用于将液体从一个压力区移动到另一个压力区。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词liquid或liquids，表示“液体”，liquid通常是不可数名词，但是liquids可以表示“多种液体”，也符合语境。故填liquid或liquids。
2．vital
【详解】考查形容词。句意：水是维持一切生物生存所必不可少的。根据汉语提示“必不可少的”及前文系动词is可知，此处应用形容词vital作表语。故填vital。
3．objective
【详解】考查形容词。句意：记者应该完全客观，不表达任何个人的想法和情绪。“客观的”为形容词objective，作表语。故填objective。
4．Founded
【详解】考查动词。句意：哈佛大学成立于1636年，是世界上最著名的大学之一。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词found；分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和句子的主语之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Founded。
5．distinct
【详解】考查形容词。句意：调查结果形成两个明显不同的小组。空格处是定语，要用形容词，结合汉语提示，故填distinct。
6．theory
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个理论有助于解释动物之间是如何交流的。空处应填名词作主语，结合汉语提示可知， theory理论，是可数名词，谓语动词helps使用的是第三人称单数形式，故用名词单数作主语。故填theory。
7．conclusion
【详解】考查名词。句意：Tom最终得出结论，减肥不容易。根据单词汉语提示及空前的Tom finally came to the可知应填名词形式conclusion，作宾语，come to a conclusion“得出结论”，固定搭配。故填conclusion。
8．gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意：在那些年中，她逐渐建立起了作为一名成功律师的声誉。根据汉语提示可知，此处用副词gradually表示“逐渐地”作状语，符合题意。故填gradually。
9．novels/fictions
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的朋友是一位著名的作家，写了许多小说。“小说”为名词novel/fiction，作宾语，由many可知，应用复数，故填novels/fictions。
10．academic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩经常通过电子邮件讨论学术问题。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词questions，根据提示的汉语，表示“学术的”应为academic。故填academic。
11．apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意：演讲者显然引起了听众的共鸣。修饰动词，用副词形式。副词“显然”英文为apparently。根据汉语提示及句意，故填apparently。
12．encounter
【详解】考查名词。句意：在街上的一次幸运相遇使这两个朋友久别重逢。根据汉语提示和空前的A fortunate可知 ，这里应用名词单数作主语，encounter意为“相遇”，符合题意。故填encounter。
13．extract
【详解】考查名词。句意：篇医学文章建议用艾草的提取物来治疗发烧。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词extract“提取物”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填extract。
14．encountered
【详解】考查动词。句意：这绝对是我遇到过的最令人失望的情况。根据汉语提示可知应填动词encounter，结合上文I’ve ever 可知为现在完成时。故填encountered。
15．founded
【详解】考查动词。句意：中美洲和拉丁美洲的古代文明是建立在玉米之上的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词found，与空处were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填founded。
16．novelists
【详解】考查名词。句意：第一人称叙述是许多小说家使用的一种手段。“小说家”的英文为novelist，可数名词。many后面接可数名词复数作介词by的宾语。故填novelists。
17．moustache
【详解】考查名词。句意：他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发。根据汉语提示可知应填名词moustache，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填moustache。
18．numerous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他已多次迟到。根据汉语提示“众多的；许多的”可知应填形容词numerous，作定语。故填numerous。
19．patent
【详解】考查名词。句意：我打算为我的发明申请专利，但我不确定如何准备申请。根据汉语提示可知应用名词patent，不定冠词提示用单数。故填patent。
20．flowed
【详解】考查动词。句意：在那一刻，血从她头上的伤口流出。“流动”用动词flow。根据句中时间状语at that moment可知，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填flowed。
21．theory
【详解】考查名词。句意：在古代，人们有一个理论：世界是扁的。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词theory，由空格前的不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填theory。
22．vital/crucial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，良好的教育对我们至关重要。根据名词importance可知，设空处需填入形容词作定语，形容词vital和crucial都表示“至关重要的”，符合汉语提示和句意要求。故填vital/crucial。
【点睛】
23．device
【详解】考查名词。句意：计算机是处理信息的设备。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词a，所以空处应填名词，根据所给中文提示词，应是device意为“设备”。故填device。
24．Professor
【详解】考查名词。句意：格林教授为了赶在最后期限前完成这个项目，日夜不停地工作。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，表示“教授”用professor。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Professor。
25．draft
【详解】考查名词。句意：使用清单来帮助你检查你的合伙人的草案。“草案”表达为名词draft，根据句意，应用名词的单数形式，作review的宾语。故填draft。
26．evaluate
【详解】考查动词。句意：一个教师委员会将评估材料并发表意见。根据汉语提示，表示“评估”含义的词为evaluate，因空白处为一般将来时，will接动词原形，故填evaluate。
27．scientific
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他采取非常科学的方法来管理。修饰空后名词approach应用形容词，根据汉语提示，scientific“科学的”符合题意。故填scientific。
28．professors
【详解】考查名词。句意：在大学里，教授不仅需要教学生，还要进行研究并发表论文。根据汉语提示“教授”，以及上文the可知此处应填名词professor作句子的主语，根据后文they，用复数形式。故填professors。
29．analyse
【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要坐下来分析一下你为什么这么沮丧。根据汉语提示可知应填动词analyse，结合上文You need to sit down and可知为短语need to do sth.。故填analyse。
30．remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她内心的力量非比寻常。根据汉语提示“非比寻常的”，以及上文冠词a可知，此处应填辅音音素开头的形容词remarkable，作定语。故填remarkable。
31．commitment
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：然而，只有当我们做出比我们的自我价值感更大的承诺时，我们才能实现意义。该空作made的宾语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用单数，make a commitment意为“做出承诺、贡献”，故填commitment。
32．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：比尔成立了一个球迷俱乐部，邀请了他所有的朋友参加。分析句子可知，“ which he invited all his friends”作定语修饰先行词club，which指代the club，根据句意，用invite sb. to +地点“邀请某人去某处”，故which作介词to的宾语，故填to。
33．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：名字中有稀有字符的人，与现有的计算机系统不兼容，可能会被遗忘——迫使许多人为了方便而改名，即使这意味着放弃几个世纪的文化遗产和语言。分析句子可知，“ aren’t compatible with existing computer systems”在句中为非限制性定语从句，先行词为rare characters in their names，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which，故填which。
34．As
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，他的天才儿子成为了一名律师。句中设空处引导的是宾语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，且意为“正如”，应用as引导。故填As。
35． whose when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是我的好朋友，她的帮助让我很快就适应了班集体。我永远不会忘记我们在一起的那些日子。第一个空引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰help，用whose。第二个空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为those days，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填whose;when。
36．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们不应该用我们的钱来给这么多的人做检查，他们中的大部分是健康的。句中先行词为people，在从句中作most of的宾语，故用关系代词whom。故填whom。
37．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你对他很不礼貌，你应该为此向他道歉。本处是定语从句，空处是非限定性定语从句的引导词，先行词是整个句子“You were very impolite to him”，应用which作引导词；故填which。
38．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们班有42名学生，几乎80%的都戴眼镜。分析句子结构和意思可知，nearly 80% of wear glasses是定语从句，先行词 42 students在从句中做介词of的宾语，指人，所以用关系代词whom。故填whom。
39．which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她带着吉他来参加聚会，结果证明这是一个好主意，因为每个人都喜欢音乐。分析句子可知，设空处是非限制性定语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，代指前面整句话的意思，应用关系代词which。故填which。
40．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当然，这一发现很快促使了X光机的发明，进而演变成CT扫描仪，这两者都成为MCN的非侵入性医疗诊断的关键。分析可知，“both of________would become essential to non - invasive medical diagnoses MCN (非介入式诊断).”是非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which构成短语both of which，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the invention of the X-ray machine和the CT scan machine。故填which。
41．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自然界中有102种元素，其中大部分是金属。分析句子可知，此处为most of+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词102 elements在从句中作介词of的宾语成分。故填which。
42．where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是underground car park，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
43．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上挖了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是hole，指物，关系词在从句中作介词through的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
44．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要和那些学生谈谈，他们的家庭作业还没有完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词those students，指人，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
45．as
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这和我在网上买的衣服一样。固定搭配 the same...as...（……和……一样），应用介词as。故填as。
46．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些记者大多从未到过中国，他们表达了参观中国的愿望。分析句子结构可知，most of后需接关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是journalists，指人，关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句。故填whom。
47．committed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦被认为是一位忠诚而有耐心的科学家。修饰名词scientist需要用形容词作定语。故填committed。
48．Under/In
【详解】考查介词。句意：在任何情况下，我们都不能同意这样一个原则。表示“在任何情况下都不”，短语为under/in no circumstances。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Under/In。
49．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我希望针灸疗法——借助它的帮助我得以康复——能继续为其他人带来健康。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词acupuncture。先行词在定语从句中做定语，所以用关系代词whos引导该从句。故填whose。
50．expected
【详解】考查定语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：不出所料，他粗鲁地拒绝了我们的邀请，没有作任何解释。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句的省略，意为“正如被预测到的”，原句是As had been expected。故答案为expected。
51． extraordinary widely
【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：凭借非凡的想象力、强烈情感的自由表达和对语言的精通，李白被公认为是继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。第一空，根据句意和所给形容词ordinary以及空格后的名词imagination分析句子可知，空格处应该填入ordinary的反义词extraordinary作定语，表示“非凡的”，修饰后面的imagination。第二空，应该填入wide的副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词，故填extraordinary；widely。
52．on/upon
【详解】考查介词。句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。分析句子结构，此处是“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the basic skill；depend on/upon是固定短语，表示“依赖于……”，从句补充完整应为school education depends on/upon the basic skill。故填介词on/upon。
53．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他上学又迟到了，这使班主任很生气。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。
54．where
【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这些摩托车固定着一把巨大的雨伞，对街上行走的人们构成了巨大的威胁。先行词为motorcycles，关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
55．being defeated
【分析】本题考查词汇语法语境应用能力。
【详解】考查动名词。句意：在战争中，他们险些被敌人打败。分析可知，avoid 之后应是动名词作宾语，所填动词与主语之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式，being done。故填being defeated。
56．which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：汤姆的父亲长期患有健康问题，因此，他的家庭几乎没有钱供他上正规学校。分析句子结合句意可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词指代前一句话陈述的内容，从句中as a result of 缺少宾语，所以用which引导该从句，代替先行词作从句的宾语，故填which。
57．as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：两兄弟对此决定都满意，正如他们事先同意的那样。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文整个主句表示“正如，正像”用as。故填as。
58．contribution
【详解】考查名词。句意：他对上周举行的辩论作出了重要贡献。important是形容词，修饰名词，contribute的名词是contribution，意为“贡献”，空前有an，空格处用单数，make an important contribution to是固定短语，意为“做出重要贡献”，因此空格处是contribution。故填contribution。
59．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：舞狮是中国传统舞蹈的一种形式，经常出现在重要的节日和重大活动中。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a form of traditional dance。先行词指事物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
60．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不管怎样，那天晚上，我最终住在瑞秋家，稍后我会告诉你更多。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“that evening”，指事物，在从句中作“about”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
61．take up 62．on show 63．puts on 64．on the move 65．insist on 66．Having a good command of 67．was absent from 68．was banned from 69．appealed to 70．am fed up with
【解析】61．考查固定短语。句意：她受到刚刚上台的总统的邀请，担任大使一职。根据后文a position as ambassador以及句意“担任”可知短语为take up，此处为不定式，应填动词原形。故填take up。
62．考查固定短语。句意：数百件精美的剪纸作品将在该市的画廊展出。根据上文Hundreds of delicate works of paper-cutting will be以及句意“展出”可知短语为be on show。故填on show。
63．考查固定短语和时态。句意：他面带微笑，使别人觉得他更值得信赖。根据后文a smile以及句意“面带微笑”可知短语为put on，根据后文makes可知为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填puts on。
64．考查固定短语。句意：杰克从来不想在一个地方呆太久，所以他总是四处走动。根据上文Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long以及句意“四处走动”可知短语为on the move。故填on the move。
65．考查固定短语。句意：你应该尊重别人的意见，同时坚持你认为是对的。根据后文what you think is right以及句意“坚持”可知短语为insist on，且should后跟动词原形。故填insist on。
66．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：她精通英语和西班牙语，这使她在同龄人中脱颖而出。根据后文English and Spanish makes her stand out from her peers以及句意“精通”可知短语为have a good command of，此处作句子的主语应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having a good command of。
67．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我写信的目的是向您解释我上次缺席您讲座的原因。根据上文I am writing to explain to you the reason why以及句意“缺席”可知短语为be absent from，根据后文last time可知用一般过去时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was absent from。
68．考查固定短语和时态。句意：她因未通过药检而被禁赛两年。根据后文athletics for two years after failing a drug test以及句意“被禁止”可知短语为be banned from，此处为一般过去时，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was banned from。
69．考查固定短语和时态。句意：他们第一次见面时，他的幽默感就极大地吸引了她。根据后文her enormously the first time they met each other以及句意“吸引”可知短语为appeal to，根据后文met可知为一般过去时。故填appealed to。
70．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我厌倦了我的工作，我想换一份工作。根据后文my job and I want to change my career以及句意“厌倦”可知短语为be fed up with，结合后文want可知为一般现在时。故填am fed up with。
71．came to power 72．commit yourself to 73．leaking out 74．served as 75．will be sorting out 76．to keep track of 77．have bet on 78．be summed up
【解析】71．考查固定短语。句意：他执政已经三年了，在他的领导下，人民的生活水平得到了提高。根据“he leadership of him has seen people’s living standard improved”以及句意“执政”可知应填come to power，此处时间状语从句应用一般过去时。故填came to power。
72．考查固定短语。句意：如果每天骑自行车能让你更健康，为什么不坚持下去，过上更好的生活呢？根据“and have a better life”以及句意“坚持下去”可知应填commit oneself to，此处为句型why not do sth.。故填commit yourself to。
73．考查固定短语。句意：将军下令对所有信息保密，泄露关键细节的人将受到惩罚，并禁止进一步晋升。根据“key details”以及句意“泄露”可知应填leak out，分析句子结构可知与逻辑主语those构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填leaking out。
74．考查固定短语。句意：虽然他是配角，但他说话时却像是在扮演主角，为影片的成功做出了很大贡献。根据“a leading character and contributed a lot to its success”以及句意“扮演”可知应填serve as，根据上文he was in the film可知为一般过去时。故填served as。
75．考查固定短语。句意：克拉拉心烦意乱地说：“我要搬到另一个办公室去了，恐怕明天这个时候我要整理所有的文件和文档了。”根据“all the papers and files”以及句意“整理”可知应填sort out，根据后文this time tomorrow可知为将来进行时，故填will be sorting out。
76．考查固定短语。句意：在偏远地区，数字连接提供了一个机会，可以找到创新的方法来跟踪老年人的健康状况和其他需求，并相应地为他们提供这些服务。根据“elderly people’s health and other needs”以及句意“跟踪”可知应填keep track of，way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to keep track of。
77．考查固定短语。句意：这是我第一次赌马，却发现我不是一个幸运的人。根据“the horse, only to find I am not a lucky man”以及句意“就……打赌”可知应填bet on，此处为句型This is the first time that+现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have，故填have bet on。
78．考查固定短语。句意：教授建议将结论归纳为三个方面。根据“in three aspects”以及句意“归纳”可知应填sum up，与主语构成被动关系，且此处为虚拟语气，从句需用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填be summed up。
79．in ruins 80．at risk 81．at the thought of 82．in awe 83．consult with 84．on purpose 85．through violence 86．wear and tear 87．in conflict 88．wear down
【解析】79．考查词组。句意：第二天，当他们返回洛克韦时，发现他们的居住地附近已成废墟。根据句意可知，空格处填in ruins“严重受损、成为废墟”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填in ruins。
80．考查词组。句意：我们必须找到一种方法来让更多的人合格，而不是让自己处于危险之中。根据句意可知，空格处填at risk“处于危险之中”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填at risks。
81．考查词组。句意：一想到自己所做的事，她就吓得不知所措。根据句意可知，空格处填at the thought of“一想到……”，作状语，符合语境。故填at the thought of。
82．考查词组。句意：我哥哥比我大得多，也比我聪明得多，所以我一直对他怀有敬畏之情。根据句意可知，空格处填in awe“敬畏，惊叹”，作宾语补足语，符合语境。故填in awe。
83．考查词组。句意：当然，在您使用本文中的任何提示之前，您需要同您的医生商议。根据句意可知，空格处填consult with“与某人相商、商议”，不定式作宾语，符合语境。故填consult with。
84．考查词组。句意：为了让人看到他悲伤地哭泣，小男孩抬起头，故意让眼泪流下来。根据句意可知，空格处填on purpose“故意地”，作状语，符合语境。故填on purpose。
85．考查词组。句意：那些试图通过暴力夺取权力的人应该受到惩罚。根据句意可知，空格处填through violence“通过包暴力”，作状语，符合语境。故填through violence。
86．考查词组。句意：保险单不包括正常磨损造成的损坏。根据句意可知，空格处填wear and tear“（正常的）磨损”，作介词宾语，符合语境。故填wear and tear。
87．考查词组。句意：自选举以来，这两个政党一直处于冲突之中。根据句意可知，空格处填in conflict“处于矛盾、冲突之中”，作表语，符合语境。故填in conflict。
88．考查词组。句意：吸烟者有时会在握住烟斗的地方磨掉牙尖。根据句意可知，空格处填wear down“磨平”，作谓语，符合语境。故填wear down。
89．Compared with 90．prepare for 91．graduated from 92．gets used to 93．signed up for 94．hand out 95．keep up with 96．deal with 97．cleaned up 98．tried out for
【解析】89．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：和他哥哥相比，杰瑞更容易被感情问题所困扰。由“his brother, Jerry is more easily troubled by relationship problems”可知，句子表示“和他哥哥相比，杰瑞更容易被感情问题所困扰”，空格处意为“和……相比”，是固定短语compare with，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，Jerry和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Compared with。
90．考查固定短语。句意：今晚我不能和你去看篮球赛了，因为我要准备考试。由“I can’t go to the basketball match with you”可知，句子表示“今晚我不能和你去看篮球赛了，因为我要准备考试”，空格处意为“准备”，是固定短语prepare for，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填prepare for。
91．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我哥哥从山东大学毕业已经快5年了。由“Shandong University”可知，句子表示“我哥哥从山东大学毕业已经快5年了”，空格处意为“从……毕业”，是固定短语graduate from，主句时态是现在完成时，since引导的句子中时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填graduated from。
92．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：我弟弟习惯每晚睡前听一些轻音乐。由“listening to some light music before sleep every night”可知，句子表示“我弟弟习惯每晚睡前听一些轻音乐”，空格处意为“习惯于”，是固定短语get used to，由every night可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语brother是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填gets used to。
93．考查固定短语和时态。句意：为了丰富我的知识，我报了一个远程学习课程。由“a distance learning course”可知，句子表示“为了丰富我的知识，我报了一个远程学习课程”，空格处意为“报名参加”，是固定短语sign up for，由have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处动词用过去分词，故填signed up for。
94．考查固定短语和不定式。句意：这家公司雇了几名大学生在街上向人们散发传单。由“leaflets to people on the street”可知，句子表示“这家公司雇了几名大学生在街上向人们散发传单”，空格处意为“分发”，是固定短语hand out，句中用不定式表目的，空前有to，空格处动词用原形，故填hand out。
95．考查固定短语和不定式。句意：作为一名教师，我喜欢科技，并努力跟上科技的发展，这样我就能与学生建立联系。由“so I can relate to my students”可知，句子表示“我喜欢科技，并努力跟上科技的发展，这样我就能与学生建立联系”，空格处意为“跟上”，是固定短语keep up with，try to do是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，空格处动词用原形，故填keep up with。
96．考查固定短语。句意：普通肥皂，正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌。由“the bacteria (细菌) effectively”可知，句子表示“普通肥皂，正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌”，空格处意为“处理”，是固定短语deal with，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填deal with。
97．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：昨天下午老师责备我没有打扫教室。由“the classroom”可知，句子表示“昨天下午老师责备我没有打扫教室”，空格处意为“打扫”，是固定短语clean up，空格处用动名词作宾语，没有打扫这个动作发生在blamed之前，因此用having done作for的宾语，空前有having，空格处动词用过去分词，故填cleaned up。
98．考查固定短语和时态。句意：亚当参加校篮球队的选拔，但被教练拒绝了。由“the school basketball team, but was refused by the coach”可知，句子表示“亚当参加校篮球队的选拔，但被教练拒绝了”，空格处意为“参加选拔”，是固定短语try out for，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填tried out for。