Unit 1 Playing SportsTopic 1重点知识 仁爱科普版八年级英语上册

仁爱八年级上 Unit 1 Topic 1重点知识
重点内容
一、重点短语
1. play sports 进行体育活动2. see sb do sth 看见某人做某事3.during the summer holiday 在暑假期间4. have a basketball game 进行篮球赛5. the game against Class Three与三班的比赛6. cheer us on 为我们加油7. practice every day 每天练习8. join the school team 加入校队9. prefer cycling 更喜欢骑自行车10. play for the Houston Rockets 为休斯敦火箭队效力11. to be a basketball player like him像他一样做一个篮球运动员12. to be a scientist 做一个科学家13. grow up 长大14. in the future 在将来15. twice a week 一周两次16. go mountain climbing 去爬山17. be good at jumping 擅长跳跃18. take part in the high jump 参加跳高19. be sure 务必，肯定，相信20. is good for your health 对你的健康有好益 21. make him strong 使他强壮22. popular all over the world 全世界流行23. the day after tomorrow 后天24. keep her heart and lungs healthy保持她的心肺健康25. a good way to keep fit 保持健康的好方法26. help them relax 帮助他们放松27. for the last 20 years 20多年以来28. arrive in Beijing 到达北京29. stay for long 停留很长时间30. leave for Japan 动身到日本31. China's national team 中国国家队32. only for about two days 只有两天左右33. quite a lot 相当多34. quite a bit 相当多的
短语详解
1．play sports 进行体育活动
汉语中的弹琴、打球、击鼓、打牌等，在英语中统称叫玩，即都用play，如：
play football、 play soccer踢足球
play basketball打篮球play pingpong打乒乓球注意：球类前无theplay the piano弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴play the drum 击鼓注意：乐器前有theplay cards 打牌,、play a game做游戏2．see sb do sth看见某人做某事强调“动作的完整性” 如：I saw her clean the classroom.
我看到她打扫教室了。
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。对比：see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事，强调“看见时动作正在发生，其动作过程中的一部分” 如：
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
强调"我见他正干活"这个动作
比如、一群孩子在下午3点在操场上玩耍、一直玩到5点结束,回家吃晚饭。你在3点25路过，站在操场旁看孩子们玩乐5分钟，你就离开了。你就说：
I saw some children playing on the playground.
如果你是其中某孩子的父母，你领孩子来了，出于安全，你从头到尾（from 3pm-5pm) 监视孩子们玩耍，以防意外，直至领着孩子回家,你就说：
I saw the children play on the playground.
注意：hear , feel ,watch , notice （注意到）等都有see类似用法，do 或doing分别表不同的意思、如：
I heard him play the piano.我听到他弹钢琴了。I heard him playing the piano.我听到他正在弹钢琴。3．during the summer holiday在暑假期间
during 是介词,一般表示“在.…期间”!在句子中做时间状语，如：
She learned to swim during the summer.
这个夏天她学会了游泳。
He woke three times during the night.
这天夜里他醒了3次。
The shop is open during the day.
这家商店白天营业。
When did you get the toy
During the Spring Festival.
你何时得到这个玩具？
今年春节期间。
4．have a basketball game 进行篮球赛
此处的有“举行，进行”的意思，进行篮球赛, 也可以说：
play a basketball game
或者have a basketball match
5．the game against Class Three
against 是介词, 本意是“反对”的意思，在这里有对抗之意，而with 和…一起，没有对抗的意思。
We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three.
我们将与三班举行篮球比赛。
6．cheer us on 为我们加油
为某人加油，如里某人（sb）是代词，比如me us herthem等，要放在cheer 和on 中间；
如果sb.是名词，比如Lily LiLei等等，放在中间和后面都可以，通常放后面。如：
Please come and cheer me on. 请来为我加油。
Let's go and cheer on Lily. 咱们去为莉莉加油吧。
类似的，像cheer on 这种动词+副词的词组，加宾语都按照这个规律：加代词必须放中间，加名词中间、后面都可以。比如：put away cheerup等。
7．practice every day 每天练习
The little girl practices the piano every day. 这个小女孩每天练钢琴。
注意：
practice doing sth 练习做某事
Tom practices listening to English every day.
汤姆每天练习听英语。
8．join the school team加入校队
join +组织，表示“加入某人组织”，
如：join the Party 入党
join + 人，表示“加入某人的行列，和某人在一起”，
如：join us 加入我们
join in + （活动），
表示参加（某项活动）
Tom is going to join the school football team.
汤姆将要加入学校足球队。
He plans to join them.
他计划加入他们。
Jane is going to join in the volleyball game next week.
简将要参加下周的排球赛。
9．prefer cycling更喜欢骑自行车
prefer意为“更喜欢”，后面可以跟“”名词，v-ing，也可以跟不定式。如：
prefer sth / sb更喜欢某物/某人
（相当于like sth / sb better ）
I prefer oranges.我更喜欢桔子。
= I like oranges better.
I prefer swimming.我更喜欢游泳。
= I like swimming better.
Many people prefer to live in the counntryside.
许多人更喜欢住在农村。
注意：
prefer A to B
和B相比更喜欢A 如：
I prefer oranges to apples.
与苹果相比，我更喜欢桔子。
I prefer swimming to cycling.
比起骑自行车，我更喜欢游泳。
10．play for the Houston Rockets
为休斯敦火箭队效力play for… 为…效力 如：
She is going to play for the national team this year.
她今年打算为国家队效力。
11．to be a basketball player like him像他一样做一个篮球运动员to be 成为，将要成为，做… 如
He wants to be a scientist.他想当个科学家。I am going to be a teacher.我即将成为一个教师。Let's be friends. 让我们做朋友吧。Let's后跟动词原形，省去了tolike him像他一样
此处的like是介词，意思是“像…一样” 在句子中做状语。如： You can do it like this.
你可以这样做。
I hope to play basketball very well like Yao Ming.我希望像姚明那样打好篮球。12．grow up长大；成熟She grew up in Tokyo.
她在东京长大。It is time that my son grew up.
是我儿子长大的时候了。
Tom wants to be a doctor when he grows up.汤姆长大了想当个医生。13．in the future在将来Who knows what will happen in the future 谁知道将来会发生什么事？
I'd like to be a teacher in the future.将来我想当一名教师。注意：
in future 相当于from now on，意为“今后；以后”，常指离现在较近的一段将来时间。 Don't do that in future.以后别再干那种事了。
Be more careful with your spelling in future.
今后多注意你的拼写。14．go mountain climbing去爬山
= go climbing 如：I go climbing on the weekend.
我经常在周末去爬山。 Do you go climbing every Saturday Of course!
你每周六都去爬山吗？当然！
15．be good at jumping擅长跳跃
be good at sth或者 be good at doing sth
擅长做某事 如：Tom is good at English.汤姆擅长英语。
Tom is good at singing English songs.汤姆擅长唱英语歌曲。16．take part in the high jump 参加跳高
take part in 参加(某一种活动)
He will take part in an important race across the Atllantic.
他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛I often take part in outdoor activities.
我经常参观，户外活动。17．be sure 务必，肯定，相信be sure指某人对某事或对某种情况有把握，常译为：“确信”I am sure. 我确定。我相信。Are you sure 你确定吗？be sure that +句子I am sure that he will win.
我相信他会赢的。be sure of +名词对某事很确定
表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人.
I am sure of his success.我确定他会成功.I am sure of his coming.我确定他会来.Jordan joined our team, we are sure of winning the game this time.I am sure of success
= I am sure that I will succeed.
我深信会成功。 be sure to do sth往往表示局外人的推测,评论,主语可以是人，也可以不是人。译为“肯定”、“一定”、“谅必”、“势必”等等。如：
Tom is sure to help her.汤姆肯定会帮她的。We are sure to get a warm welcome.
我们一定会受到热烈欢迎的。
Be sure to keep your eyes open for it.务必留心注意它。
It's sure to be fine tomorrow.明天准会天晴。This plan is sure to succeed.
该计划势必成功
比较：He is sure to live to ninety.他肯定可以活到九十岁.He is sure of living to ninety.
他自信可以活到九十岁.
18．be good for your health
对你的健康有好益be good for sth/sb 对…有益 如：Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处.Reading is good for our study.阅读对我们的学习有好处。比较：be good at 擅长…
be bad for对…有害
19．make him strong 使他强壮 make sth/sb + 形容词
使某人/某物怎么样， “使某人或某物/某事处于某种状态” 如：
Swimming makes us strong.游泳使我们强壮。Your visit makes the old man happy.
你的来访使这个老人很高兴。Make the window open/closed.
让门开着/关上。
make sb do sth 让某人做某事”
My mom made me clean the room.
我妈妈让我打扫房间。He made the baby laugh他让这个孩子笑了20．popular all over the world全世界流行
all over 到处，遍及all over the world 全世界
all over the country 全国We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。He wants to travel all over the world.
他想周游全国。
21．the day after tomorrow 后天
比较：the day before yesterday 前天A：What date is it today
今天是几号？B：Today is December 23,2002.
今天是2002 年12 月23 日。
A：Oh, the day after tomorrow is Christmas. 哦，后天是圣诞节。There is going to be a football match on the playground the day after tomorrow.后天操场上有场足球赛。
22．keep her heart and lungs health 保持她的心肺健康 keep sth/sb + 形容词 使某人/某物怎么样
“使某人或某物/某事处于某种状态” 如： We must keep the classroom clean.
我们必须保持教室干净。
keep 的其它用法：
1）keep+形容词
Please keep quiet.请保持安静。2）keep+doing一直做某事Tom keeps working for two hours.汤姆连续工作了两个小时。3）keep sb +doing使某人一直做某事He kept me waiting for half an hour.他让我等了半个小时。23．a good way to keep fit
保持健康的好方法keep fit = keep health 保持健康a good way to do sth一个做某事的好方法
Singing English songs is a good way to learn English well.唱英语歌是学习英语的好方法。I have a good way to save money.我有一个省钱的好办法。24．for the last 20 years
20多年以来，最近20年来，在过去的20年里（句子多用完成时）I have lived here for the last 20 years.
近20年来，我一直住在这儿。For the last 20 years, the song was very famous.
在过去的20年里，这首歌一直很出名。25．arrive in Beijing 到达北京arrive in+大地点
arrive at+小地点
到达某地，
相当于 get to +地点She arrived at the bus stop at seven the day before yesterday.她前天七点到达这个车站。
They are going to arrive in China the day after tomorrow.
他们后天将到达北京。
get home = arrive home 到家get there = arrive there 到那
26．stay for long 停留很长时间for long 长久;长时间
多用于否定句Nothing stays the same for long.任何事情都不会长期保持不变。
The heavy rain can't last for long.雨不会持续很久。
比较：
for a long time与for long意思相近
多用于肯定句中。如：We have been friends for a long time.
我们成为朋友好长时间了。27．leave for Japan 动身到日本注意比较leave的用法：leave A 离开地A
Tom will leave Beijing tomorrow.汤姆明天要离开北京。leave for A 动身到A地
Tom will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
汤姆明天要动身到北京。
leave A for B 离开A地到地B
Tom will leave Shanghai for Beijing tomorrow.
汤姆明天要离开上海动身到北京。28．英语中，（very）much 和quite a bit, a lot 常与动词连用，用来描述某人动作发生的频度，或与表示情感受的动词连用，表示情感的深浅程度。如：I go to that shop so much.
我非常喜欢苹果。
I eat bananas a lot.
我非常喜欢苹果。I like apples a lot.我常去那家商店。I like apples very much.我经常喜欢吃香蕉。
I play tennis quite a lot in the summer.
夏天我经常打网球二、构成法
1．名词+ist →…家 如：science + ist → scientist科学家
2．名词+ ian → …人 如：music + ian → musician 乐手，音乐家
3．名词+ y → … 的 形容词，如：health +y → healthy4．合成词：police + woman → policewoman 女警察
police + man → policeman男警察post + man→ postman邮递员
fisher + man → fisherman渔夫foot + ball → football 足球week + end →weekend 周末
想一想，这几个单词是什么意思？将单词与对应的汉语意思连线。player 队友winner 运动员；选手 cyclist 获胜者teammate 骑自行车的人
三、重点句型1．spend 意思是“花费” (它的主语是 “人”) ，它的用法是：人+ spend + 时间/钱+ on + 名词。人+ spend + 时间/钱+ (in) + doing sth 如： 这个妇女每年花很多钱买衣服。The woman spends much money on clothes every year. The woman spends much money (in) buying clothes every year.I spend half an hour exercising on the playground after supper.
晚饭后我在操场上花半小时锻炼。
2．be going to +动词原形 表示将要发生的事，或打算、计划、决定要做的事。be 随人称时态的变化使用am、is或are 。
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我们打算开班会。（安排）I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.
明天早上我要去买些东西。
She is going to see Mr.Wang this fternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。
They are going to see the car factory next week.(肯定句)
→They are not going to see the car factory next week.(否定句)→ Are they going to see the car factory next week
Yes, they ary. No, they aren't.
be going to +动词原形常用于以下情况：1) be going to通常表示很快就要发生的事。She is going to get better.她的病要好了。（有恢复健康的迹象）2) “be going to+ 动词原形”侧重说话人个人的意图和打算，表示事先有计划的意图，是经过考虑的。I'm going to try my best to write this article well.
我将尽力把这篇文章写好。
3) “be going to+ 动词原形”表示由于客观因素或不受人控制的将要发生的动作。
It's going to rain.天要下雨了。注意：
be going to用在There be 句型中。
There is going to be an English film tomorrow evening.
明天晚上有场英文电影。3．动词plan, come, go, leave, fly 等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事. 如：
I'm coming. 我就来。
He is leaving for Shanghai.
他将到上海去。We are going to Beijing.我们将去北京。四、牢记下列句子,并注意句中的短语
1. I often see you play basketball during the summer holday.2. We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three on Sunday.3. Would you like to come and cheer us on 4. Which sport do you like best 5. I am going to join the school rowing team. I prefer rowing quite a lot.6. What are you going to be when you grow up I'm going to be a scientist in the future.7. I'm going to be a basketball player like him.8. Ann goes mountain climbing twice a week.9. She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.10. There is going to be a school sports meet nex week.11. She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump.12. They are sure that she will win.13. Because it makes him strong and it's popular all over the world.14. Running helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy. It is good for your health.15. Walking after supper helps them relax. It is a good way to keep fit/ healthy.16. It's too bad that the team isn't going to stay for long. It's a pity.17.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan's national team.18. How are you going to prepare for it 19. Which sport do you prefer I prefer skating. 20. Do you row much Yes, quite a lot. / No, seldom.
汉语意思：
1. 暑假期间我经常看你打篮球。2. 星期天我们准备与三班进行一场比赛。3. 你愿意来为我们加油吗？4. 你最喜欢哪种运动？5. 我打算加入学校划船队。我更喜欢划船。6. 你长大后打算做什么？我想当个科学家。7. 我想像他那样做一个篮球运动员。8. 安每周爬山两次。9. 她每天在健身房花费半个小时锻炼。10. 下周将有个学校运动会。11. 她打算参加跳高和跳远。12. 他们相信她会赢。13. 因为它能使他强壮，它全世界受流行。14. 跑步帮助保持她的心肝健康。它对你的健康有益。15. 晚饭后散步帮助他们放松身体。它是一个保持健康的好方法。16. 球队不能长期停留真是太糟糕了。真遗憾。17. 后天他们将动身到日本与日本国家队进行一场比赛。18. 你怎样为它做准备？19. 你更喜欢什么运动 我更喜欢滑雪.20. 你经常划船吗？是的，经常。/ 不，很少。