2025年河北中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：专项二代词(共66张PPT)

(共66张PPT)
专项二　代　词
河北中考考情分析
　　分析河北近六年的中考真题可以看出,代词是河北中考的必考点,侧重考查人称代词的主格和宾格、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法辨析等内容。从命题形式来看,题型多为单项选择或词语运用,难度较低。预计2025年河北中考会在短文填空中对其进行考查。近六年考查频次及分值如下表:
考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 考题设置 分值
人称代词、 物主代词与 反身代词 2024 32 名词性物主代词 his/mine/hers/yours 1分
79 人称代词宾格 he→him 1分
2023 32 反身代词 myself/himself/herself/ yourself 1分
74 形容词性物主代词 he→his 1分
2022 31 人称代词宾格 me/you/him/her 1分
71 名词性物主代词 my→mine 1分
2021 32 名词性物主代词 His/Mine/Hers/Yours 1分
续表
考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 考题设置 分值
人称代词、 物主代词与 反身代词 2020 32 形容词性物主代词 my/your/her/his 1分
77 人称代词宾格 we→us 1分
2019 26 名词性物主代词 his/hers/mine/yours 1分
77 人称代词宾格 I→me 1分
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C
河北中考 · 真题体验
Ⅰ.单项选择
(2024·河北)—Mary,is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No,　　　　 is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours
解析:句意:——玛丽,这是你姐姐的智能手表吗 ——不,她的是粉色的。his“他的”;mine“我的”;hers“她的”;yours“你的”。此处指“我”姐姐的手表是粉色的,为第三人称,应用物主代词hers。故选C。
06
(2023·河北)—Where did you get the toy car
—From Betty. She made it 　　　　.
A.myself B.himself
C.herself D.yourself
C
解析:句意:——你从哪里弄来的玩具车 ——从Betty那儿。她自己做的。根据“She made it”可知,是她自己做的,应用反身代词herself。故选C。
7
(2022·河北)Where is your brother I want to give 　　　　a book.
A.me B.you C.him D.her
C
解析:句意:你弟弟在哪里 我想给他一本书。根据“your brother”可知,此处使用him指代。故选C。
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(2021·河北)This isn’t my dictionary. 　　　　is over there, on the desk.
A.His B.Mine C.Hers D.Yours
B
解析:句意:这不是我的字典。我的在那边,在桌子上。根据“This isn’t my dictionary.”可知,此处表示“我的(字典)”,故选B。
9
(2020·河北)Nancy, carrots are good for 　　　　eyes. Eat some, please.
A.my B.your C.her D.his
B
解析:句意:Nancy,胡萝卜对你的眼睛有好处。请吃一些。根据语境可知,这是对Nancy所说的话;根据空格后的eyes可知,此处应该用形容词性物主代词,指“对你的眼睛有好处”。故选B。
10
(2019·河北)—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow 　　　　
—Of course. Here it is.
A.his B.hers C.mine D.yours
D
解析:句意:——我的尺子坏了,我能借你的吗 ——当然,给你。根据语境可知,此处是指“能借你的(尺子)吗”。故选D。
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Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空
(2024·河北)Jumping with joy,Lin Fang rushed to meet 　　　　(he).
(2023·河北)In 　　　　(he) first class, he asked us to draw a picture of ourselves.
(2022·河北)Mrs.Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to (my).
(2021·河北)She loves 　　　　(she) job.
(2020·河北)Together the three of 　　　　(we) wrapped(包) the dumplings.
(2019·河北)Before leaving, he gave 　　　　(I) a photo album.
him
his
mine
her
us
me
指示代词的基本用法
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语法专项 · 考点过关
考点 指示代词
一
专项精讲
单数 复数 用法
this这个 these这些 指较近的人或物
that那个 those那些 指较远的人或物
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【注意】(1)为避免重复,可用that和those代替前面提到的名词。
如:The population of China is much larger than that of America.中国人口比美国人口多得多。(that=the population)
(2)在打电话时,通常用this指自己,用that指对方。
如:Hello! This is Bob. Who is that 你好,我是鲍勃。请问是哪位
(3)指前面刚刚提到过的事。
如:He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.他生病了。那就是为什么他没去上学。
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用适当的指示代词填空
The games in the 2024 Paris Olympics were a little bit different from
　　　　in the Tokyo Olympics.
The population of Yakeshi is smaller than 　　　　of Hailaer.
—What are 　　　　around us
—I think they are roses,a kind of flower.
针对训练
those
that
these
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人称代词
(1)人称代词的种类
考点 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
二
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
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(2)人称代词的用法
用法 示例
人称代词作主语时用主格 She was late for class today.今天她上课迟到了。
作动词或介词的宾语时用宾格 Miss Smith is very kind.We all like her.史密斯小姐很和蔼。我们都喜欢她。
作表语时用宾格 —Who gave out the news 谁把消息发布出去的
—It’s me.是我。
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(3)it的用法
用法 示例
指代上文中出现过的同一事物 —What do you think of the movie 你认为这部电影怎么样
—Terrific.I like it very much.太好了。我非常喜欢它。(it指代上文中的the movie)
作形式主语或形式宾语 It is really hard for them to climb such a high mountain.对他们来说爬这么高的山真的很难。
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续表
用法 示例
代替指示代词this或that　 —What’s this 这是什么
—It’s a pencil.这是一支铅笔。
指婴儿或不明身份的人 Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.有人在敲门。请过去看看是谁。
表示时间或季节 —What’s the time now 现在几点
—It’s ten o’clock.10点。
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续表
用法 示例
表示天气 —What’s the weather like today 今天天气怎么样
—It’s fine.晴朗。
表示距离 How far is it from your school to your home 从你学校到你家有多远
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物主代词
(1)物主代词的种类
类别 单数 复数
第一 人称 第二 人称 第三人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三
人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
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(2)物主代词的用法
用法 示例
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能置于名词前作定语 I am old enough to wash my clothes by myself.我已经长大了,可以自己洗衣服。
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,句法功能与名词相同,其后不能再接名词 Lucy’s strawberries are fresher than mine.露西的草莓比我的新鲜。(mine=my strawberries)
This bag is his. Where’s hers 这个书包是他的。她的在哪里
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反身代词
(1)反身代词的种类
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
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(2)反身代词的用法
用法 示例
作宾语(及物动词或介词的宾语),表示动作承受者是动作执行者自己 Let me introduce myself.让我介绍一下我自己。
作表语 I’m not quite myself these days.这些日子我不太舒服。
作主语或宾语的同位语,起加强语气的作用,表示“亲自” The boy himself made the model plane.这个模型飞机是这个男孩自己做的。
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续表
用法 示例
重要词组 help yourself to...请自便;by oneself独自;enjoy oneself玩得高兴;be oneself做自己;dress oneself给自己穿衣服;teach oneself自学
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Ⅰ.从方框中选择合适的人称代词并用其适当形式填空(可重复使用)
Miss Li,a humorous teacher,taught 　　　　maths last term.We all like her.
The two rich brothers,Oliver and Roderick,gave Tom a letter and told
　　　　not to open it until two o’clock of the day.
In the experiment,each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow on a table in front of 　　　　.
针对训练
he, we, they, it, she
us
him
them
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—Who is the baby in the picture
—Oh,　　　　 is my lovely sister.
Lily likes maths very much,but 　　　　is teaching English in a primary school.
Money is very important to us.But 　　　　is not as important as health.
—Do you love the poems by Li Qingzhao
—Yes,a little.But I prefer those by Du Fu because 　 　can cheer me up.
he, we, they, it, she
it
she
it
they
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Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空
—Jane,is this schoolbag 　　　　(you)
—No,it’s Lily’s.　　　　(I) is on the chair.
—Boys and girls,what can we learn from Robinson Crusoe
—We should depend on 　　 　　(we) when we meet difficulties.
Your school library looks as modern as (we).Can you show me around
—Will anyone travel to Qingdao along with you
—No.I’ll go there by 　　　　(I).
yours
Mine
ourselves
ours
myself
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These two boys enjoy reading.They are talking about (they) favorite writers.
During the hard time,the volunteer did (she) best to help other people.
Teachers often say that teenagers should learn to look after
(they).
—My best friend is more popular than me.I want to be like him.
—It’s not necessary to be the same.You should just be 　　 　　(you).
their
her
themselves
yourself
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Don’t touch the machine,children,or you may hurt 　 　　　(you).
Once we make 　　　　(we) own decision,we will be responsible for the result.
Daming is busy making a list of things for 　　　　(he) camping trip now.
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yourselves
our
his
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不定代词的定义及分类
　　不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫作不定代词,兼有名词和形容词的功能,在句子中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
考点 不定代词
三
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普通不定代词
(1)both与all,neither与none,either与any,each与every
不定代词 两者 三者或三者以上
both/all 都 both作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Both of John’s parents are doctors. 约翰的父母都是医生。 all作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:All were present at the meeting.全都到会了。
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续表
不定代词 两者 三者或三者以上
neither/none 都不 neither表示全部否定,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:Neither of his friends has come yet. 他的两个朋友都没有来。 none表示全部否定,侧重指数量上一个都没有。
如:None of the students can work it out.没有一个学生能解出它。
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续表
不定代词 两者 三者或三者以上
either/any 任何一个 either表示两者中的任何一个。 如:You can take either of the books. 这两本书你拿哪一本都行。 any表示三者或三者以上中的任何一个。
如:Any students in your class can join the club.你们班的任何一个学生都能加入这个俱乐部。
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续表
不定代词 两者 三者或三者以上
each/every 每一 each强调个体。如:There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。 every强调整体。如:Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。
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(2)some与any
相同点 均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词,表示“一些”
不同点 some 一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示建议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答
any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,用于肯定句时,表示“任何(人/事)”
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(3)many与much
不定代词 用法 例句
many 指代或修饰复数可数名词,还可以与表示程度的副词so、too、as、how连用 Many boys like to play football after school.许多男孩喜欢放学后踢足球。
much 指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词so、too、as、how连用 There is much ice on the road. 路上有很多冰。
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【注意】too many、too much与much too的区别
　　too many与too much均意为“太多”。too many修饰可数名词复数,而too much修饰不可数名词。much too意为“太……”,相当于副词very,常置于形容词、副词前起修饰作用。
如:There are too many mistakes in your homework.你的作业里有太多的错误。
He never eats too much bread for breakfast.他早饭从来不吃太多面包。
It’s much too hot today.今天真是太热了。
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(4)other、the other、others、the others与another　
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
other 表示泛指,意为“其他的;另外的”,常与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用,但如果前面有the、this、that、some、any、every、my等限定词时,则可与单数名词 连用I’ll tell you the secret if you don’t tell it to other people.如果你能保密,我就告诉你这个秘密。
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续表
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
the other 表示特指,意为“两个中的另一个”,常与one连用,构成“one... the other...”结构;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“全部剩余的” He has two cars. One is black, and the other is blue.他有两辆汽车,一辆是黑色的,另一辆是蓝色的。
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续表
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
others 表示泛指,意为“其他的(人/物)”,相当于“other+复数名词”,不能作定语,常构成“some...others...”结构(不指定范围) After class, some students are playing soccer, and others are playing chess.下课后,一些学生在踢足球,另一些学生在下棋。(未指定范围,表示泛指)
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续表
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
the others 表示特指,意为“其他的”,相当于“the other+复数名词”,特指其余的人或物(指定范围) There are five apples on the table. The red one is for you, and the others are for Jenny.桌子上有五个苹果。红色的那个是给你的,其他的都是给珍妮的。(指定范围,表示剩下的全部)
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续表
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
another 表示泛指,意为“另一个;再一个;别的”,指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”。用作形容词或代词。也可构成“another +基数词+可数名词复数(=基数词+more+可数名词复数)”结构,意为“再……个……” I don’t like the color. Please show me another one.我不喜欢这个颜色。给我再拿一件吧。
We still need another two days to finish the work.我们还需要两天才能完成这项工作。
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(5)few、a few、little与a little
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
few 意为“没有;几乎没有”,具有否定含义,few后接可数名词复数 He has few friends here, and he feels lonely. 他在这里几乎没有朋友,他感觉很孤独。
a few 意为“一些;一点儿”,具有肯定含义,a few后接可数名词复数 She has a few books on Chinese history.她有几本关于中国历史的书。
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续表
单词或词组 用法及意义 例句
little 意为“几乎没有”,具有否定含义,little后接不可数名词 There is little milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了。咱们去买一些吧。
a little 意为“一些;一 点儿”,具有肯定含义,a little后接不可数名词 I can speak a little English.我会说一点儿英语。
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复合不定代词
(1)初中阶段常见的复合不定代词
词根 -one(指人) -body(指人) -thing(指物)
some(肯定) someone某人 somebody某人 something某事;某物
any(否定/肯定) anyone任何人 anybody任何人 anything任何事
every(肯定) everyone每个人 everybody每个人 everything
每件事;一切
no(否定) no one没有人 nobody没有人 nothing什么都没有
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(2)复合不定代词的用法
用法 例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is absent.没有人缺席。(主语)
Do you need anything 你需要点什么吗
(宾语)
Grammar is not everything.语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio.收音机没有什么问题。
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续表
用法 例句
some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何人/物” Would you like something to drink 你想喝点儿什么吗
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Ⅰ.从方框中选择合适的不定代词填空
—Which shirt would you like,the white one or the black one
—　　　　.They are too expensive for me.I’ll take the blue one.
—Four children were walking under a small umbrella.　　　　 of them got wet.Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining!
针对训练
both,none,all,each,either,any,neither
Neither
None
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—How many apples can I have
—You can have 　　　　.I want none of them.
In the labor education class,the students planted trees on
sides of the main road.
—There are two books about traditional Chinese tea-making culture.
—You’re free to take 　　　　of them and leave one for me.
both,none,all,each,either,any,neither
all
both
either
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—There are many activities in our school this term.
—Wonderful.I don’t want to miss 　　　　.
　　　　 of us should have our own decision.
both,none,all,each,either,any,neither
any
Each
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Ⅱ.用适当的不定代词填空
—Hurry up,or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry.We still have 　　　　time.
The girl is not friendly,so 　　　　students like her.
—I like the coat but not the color.Have you got 　 　　　one
—Yes,I’ll show you.
There are two apples on the table.One is red and 　 　　　is green.
a little
few
another
the other
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Ⅲ.从方框中选择合适的复合不定代词填空
I advise you not to show 　 　　　personal on the Internet because it may cause trouble.
—How is your little sister in her new school,Dave
—She is doing very well.There is 　　 　　to worry about.
—Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done 　 　　　he can in chess and has put all that he has into the games.
nothing,anything,something,
somebody,nobody,everything
anything
nothing
everything
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—Why are you laughing,Tony
—There is 　　 　　funny in the magazine.
—Where is my notebook
—I don’t know.It isn’t here.Maybe 　 　　　took it away by mistake.
All of us can’t avoid making mistakes.After all,　　　　 is perfect.
nothing,anything,something,
somebody,nobody,everything
something
somebody
nobody
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疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,一般放在句首,并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。具体用法如下:
考点 疑问代词
四
代词 意义 基本用法
who 谁 对人称代词主格或宾格进行提问,询问人物、身份
whom 谁 对人称代词宾格进行提问,询问人物
whose 谁的 询问所属关系
what 什么 对具体内容进行提问,询问事物、身份、职业等
which 哪个/些 对指定范围内“哪个/些”进行提问,询问特定的人或物
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【注意】疑问代词在引导从句时,都称为连接代词:(1)所有疑问代词均可引导宾语从句;(2)除what外的疑问代词均可引导定语从句。
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用适当的疑问代词填空
“The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks.　　　　 is it ” asked the monitor.
—　　　　 time is the concert going to start
—I’ve no idea.Why not check the ticket
—　 　　　 are they waiting for at the bus stop
—My sons.
针对训练
Whose
What
Who/Whom
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Ⅰ.从方框中选择合适的代词填空
There are two types of qualifications— 　　　　is acceptable.
Take this bag, and leave 　　 　　else to me.
—There are many celebrations in the coming Dragon Boat Festival.
—Sounds very interesting.I don’t want to miss 　　　　.
专项精练
another,everything,both,something,
any,anybody,little,either
either
everything
any
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Learning is a life-long journey,for it brings us 　 　　　new every day.
Some animals move from one place to 　　　 　at certain times of the year.
There isn’t 　　 　　in the classroom.All the students are having a P.E. lesson in the playground.
another,everything,both,something,
any,anybody,little,either
something
another
anybody
59
There is 　　　　juice in the fridge.Let’s go and buy some.
—What do you think of the two films
—　　　　 of them are interesting.I plan to see them again.
another,everything,both,something,
any,anybody,little,either
little
Both
60
Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空
We believe that 　　　　(we) hometown will be more and more beautiful.
I’d love a big bathroom in our house— 　　　　(our) is so small!
—Mary, do you know which sweater is Lily’s
—The red one is 　　　　(she).
We should learn to be responsible for 　　 　　(us), not always waiting to be pushed.
our
ours
hers
ourselves
61
Mary has a brother, and 　　　　(he) name is Bob.
Nobody taught the old man how to use the app. He taught
(he).
Not many people realize that helping others is helping
(they).
This is my book and that is 　　　　(you).
Reading makes 　　　　(we) wiser and more learned.
The baby girl learned how to dress 　 　　　(her) at the age of 3.
his
himself
themselves
yours
us
herself
62
Ⅲ.从括号中选择合适的单词补全短文
　　Can you imagine what life would be like without your both legs Lie in bed,waiting for 1. (someone/anyone) to take care of you or live in self-abandonment,counting your days to the end Neither!Here is a man living a wonderful life with no legs.
Corporal Temur Dadiani was a soldier.He was seriously injured while serving in Afghanistan.He lost 2. (both/all) his legs after standing on an improvised explosive device while serving in Helmand Province in August 2011.
someone
both
63
In 2014,a “planche push-up” was held by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia in Tbilisi.It was a difficult form of exercise which requires good strength and balance in order to hold 3. (you/yourself) up using your arms only.Corporal Temur Dadiani has successfully set a new world record by performing 36 planche push-ups in just 38.25 seconds.During his performance,his friends,colleagues,and Vakhtang Kapanadze,Chief of General Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces were watching him,encouraging him,and feeling proud of 4. (him/his).
yourself
him
64
What’s your feeling after reading 5. (this/that) story What did Corporal Temur Dadiani show you I will be ashamed of you if you are still complaining that your teachers leave you much homework every day and force you to run many miles on hot days.
this
65
Ⅳ.短文填空
　　Once upon a time,Zeng Zi’s wife was going to the market.1. (she) little son wanted to go with her.She said,“2. is too far and you’d better stay at home.” Her son was very upset and cried.3. (her) didn’t know how to deal with it.Finally,she said to her son,“Stop crying,4. (I) dear,go home now.Mom will be back soon.When I’m back,I’ll kill a pig to make a meal for 5. (your).” When the son heard what his mom said,he went home happily.
Her
It
She
my
you
66
When Zeng Zi’s wife returned home,Zeng Zi tied up6. (they) fat pig and prepared to kill it.His wife stopped Zeng Zi from killing the pig in a hurry and said,“We needn’t kill it.I just made an excuse(借口).” Zeng Zi said seriously,“How can you cheat a child Now you cheat 7. (he),and then he will follow 8. (you) example and cheat others.Besides,when a mother cheats her child,the child will no longer trust his mother.Then how can you educate the child well So we must be honest and keep 9. (we) promises.”
Zeng Zi raised10. (he) knife and killed the pig.
their
him
your
our
his