Unit 8 Detectives stories 讲义（表格式） 牛津译林版九年级英语上册

译林版英语九年级上册Unit 8 Detectives stories
Comic strip & Welcome to the unit
detect-detects-detecting-detected-detective 动词，侦察(测) 形容词，侦探（小说）的&可数名词，侦探，警探-detectives detective stories 侦探故事 a detective 一名侦探 dress-dresses-dressing-dressed 动词，穿衣，打扮 dress sb. 给某人穿衣打扮 dress sb. as/like… 把某人打扮成…… be dressed in=be in=wear… 穿…… 可数名词，连衣裙-dresses a beautiful dress 一条漂亮的连衣裙 why 疑问副词，询问原因，用because回答 Why don’t sb. do sth. = Why not do sth. 为什么不做某事 不定代词 some-any-every-no-someone/somebodyanyone/anybodyeveryone/everybodyno one/nobodysomethinganythingeverythingnothingsomewhereanythingeverywherenowhere
用法： 不定代词+形容词 e.g.: something important=some important things 一些重要的事情 somebody else 其他人 不定代词+to do e.g.: something to eat 一些吃的东西 have nothing to do 无事可做 look 动词，看-looks-looking-looked look at… 看…… look for… 寻找…… look through 浏览，阅读；经历；穿过 系动词，看起来+形容词 look sad 看起来难过 名词，看 have a look 看一看 have a look at… 看…… clue可数名词，线索→clues a clue to… ……的线索 感叹句： 可数名词单数： What a/an +形容词+可数名词单数(+it is)!= How+形容词+the+可数名词单数+is! e.g.: What an interesting book it is! = How interesting the book is! 多么漂亮的一本书！ What a nice cake (it is)! = How nice the cake is! 多么好看的蛋糕！ 可数名词复数： What+形容词+可数名词复数+(they are)! = How+形容词+the+可数名词复数+are! e.g.: What beautiful clothes they are! = How beautiful the clothes are! 多么漂亮的衣服！ 不可数名词： What+形容词+不可数名词(+it is)!= How+形容词+the+不可数名词+is! e.g.: What good news it is! = How good the news is! 多么好的消息！ happen-happens-happening-happened 动词，发生=take place（无被动） happen to sb. 发生在某人身上 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 What happened =What’s wrong =What’s the matter 怎么了？ What happened to sb. =What’s wrong with sb. =What’s the matter with sb. 某人怎么了？ murder 动词，谋杀-murders-murdering-murdered-murderer 可数名词，凶手 murder sb. 谋害某人 可数名词，谋杀-murders a murder 一场谋杀 commit a murder 犯谋杀罪 serious 形容词，严肃的→seriously 副词，严肃地 take sth. seriously 严肃对待…… be serious with sb. 对某人严肃 be serious about sth. 对某事严肃（认真） go-goes-going-went-gone 动词，去 go to… 去某地 go doing sth. = go to do sth. 去做某事 miss-misses-missing-missed-missing 动词，思念；错过 形容词，丢失的=lost miss sb. 想念某人 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 go missing 丢失 excite 动词，使激动→exciting 形容词，令人激动的→excited 形容词，激动的→excitement 名词，激动，兴奋 be excited about… 对……感到激动 hold-holds-holding-held 动词，举起；举行 hold a writing competition 举行一场写作竞赛 compete-competes-competing-competed→competition→competitive 动词，争斗 可数名词，竞赛 形容词，竞争性的 compete with sb. 与某人竞争 compete for sb. 为某人竞争 compete against… 与……作竞争 want-wants-wanting-wanted 动词，想要=would like want sth.= would like sth. 需要某物 want to do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 write-writes-writing-wrote-written→writing→writer 动词，写作 名词，写作 可数名词，作家-writers write… down 写下，记下…… write it/them down 代词只能放中间 write… for… 为……写…… a famous writer 一位知名作家 find-finds-finding-found-finding 动词，找到，发现 名词，发现-findings find one’s way out 找到某人的出路 find out查明，发现 find sb./ sth. +形容词/副词/动词ing/动词ed/名词 report 动词，报告-reports-reporting-reported-reporter 可数名词，记者-reporters 可数名词，报告-reports a report on/about… 关于……的报告 suspect-suspects-suspecting-suspected 动词，怀疑 suspect sb. 怀疑某人 可数名词，嫌疑犯-suspects a suspect 一名嫌疑犯 make-makes-making-made-maker 动词，制作 可数名词，制作者-makers make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 make out 弄清楚；计算出 cook 动词，烹饪-cooks-cooking-cooked-cooker 可数名词，厨具-cookers cook meals 做饭 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人烹饪…… 可数名词，厨师-cookbook 可数名词，食谱 a cook 一名厨师 help 动词，帮助-helps-helping-helped help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事，有助于做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 名词，帮助→helpful 形容词，有帮助的，乐于助人的→helpless 形容词，无助的 be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助的 helpful= be ready to help others 乐于助人 alone 形容词，独自，单独→lonely 形容词，孤单的，孤独的 feel lonely 感到孤单 alone=(all) by oneself=on one’s own 独自，单独 描述物体： wide形容词，宽的→width 名词，宽度 long 形容词，长的→length 名词，长度 deep 形容词，深的→depth 名词，深度 high 形容词，高的→height 名词，高度 tidy 动词，收拾，整理-tidies-tidying-tidied tidy up 收拾干净（代词只能放中间） 形容词，整洁的→untidy 形容词，不整洁的 say-says-saying-said-saying 动词，说 可数名词，谚语，格言-sayings say… to sb. 向某人说…… say to oneself 自言自语 It says/ said… 上面写着…… As the saying goes, … 正如谚语所说…… guilty 形容词，愧疚的；有罪责的→unguilty 形容词，无辜的 be guilty of… 对……愧疚 think-thinks-thinking-thought →thought→thoughtful 动词，思考， 名词，思想 形容词，体贴的，考虑周到的 think of/about… 思考…… think (that)+从句 What do you think of… = How do you like/find… 你觉得……怎么样？ I think so. 我这样认为。 I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。 tell-tells-telling-told 动词，告诉 tell sb. (about) sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 tell the truth 说出事实 guess-guesses-guessing-guessed-guessing 动词，猜测 可数名词，猜测 guess (that)+从句 have a guessing lie 名词，谎言-lies tell a lie/lies 撒谎 动词，撒谎-lies-lying-lied-lied lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 动词，躺-lies-lying-laid-lain lie down 躺下 lie flat 躺平 live-lives-living-lived-lived→life 动词，居住，生活 可数名词，生活，生命-lives live in… 居住在…… kill-kills-killing-killed-killer-killers 动词，杀死 可数名词，杀手 kill sb. 杀死某人 kill/take one’s life 夺走某人的生命
Reading
find-finds-finding-found-finding 动词，找到，发现 名词，发现-findings find one’s way out 找到某人的出路 find out查明，发现 find sb./sth. +形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词 confirm-confirms-confirming-confirmed-confirmation 动词，证实，确认 名词，确认 confirm (that)+从句 victim 可数名词，受害人-victims a victim to… ……的受害者 see-sees-seeing-saw 动词，看见 see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事（经常做或全过程） →(sb.) be seen do sth. （某人）被看到做某事 see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 →(sb.) be seen doing sth. （某人）被看到正在做某事 leave-leaves-leaving-left-left 动词，离开 leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 动身去某地 leave sp. for sp. 离开某地去某地 系动词，保持 leave sb./sth. +形容词 e.g.: leave me alone 让我一个人待着；别管我 leave sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事 be going to do sth. = plan to do sth. 打算做某事 visit-visits-visiting-visited-visitor-visitors 动词，参观；拜访 可数名词，参观者 visit sb./ sp. 拜访某人/参观某地 believe-believes-believing-believed 动词，相信 believe sb.= believe what one says 相信某人的话 believe in sb. = trust sb. 相信某人的为人；信赖某人 believe in… 信仰……；相信……的存在（真实性） believe in doing sth. 相信做某事有好处 believe it or not 信不信由你 believe (that) +从句 believe sb. to do sth. 相信某人做某事 I believe so. 我这样认为。 I believe not. = I don’t believe so. 我不这样认为。 work-works-working-worked-worker 可数名词，工人→workers 动词，工作 work hard 努力工作 work at… 研究…... work for… 为……工作 work on… 从事…… work at the scene of the crime 在犯罪现场工作 crime 可数名词，犯罪行为→criminal 形容词，犯罪的；刑事的 commit a crime 犯罪 criminal cases 刑事案件 whether 连词，意为“是否”，相当于if。 whether… or not whether to do sth. 是否做某事 bring-brings-bringing-brought 动词，带来 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 bring sth. with sb. 随身携带某物 bring sth. to sp. 把某物带来某地 ask-asks-asking-asked 动词，问 ask sth. from sb. = ask sb. for sth. 向某人寻求某物 e.g.: ask him for help = ask help from him 向他寻求帮助 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 ask sb. of sth . 询问某人关于某物 usual形容词，平（通）常的→unusual 形容词，不寻常的→usually 副词，通常 as usual 像往常一样 an unusual thing 一件不寻常的事情 a usual afternoon 一个寻常的午后 contact-contacts-contacting-contacted 动词，联系 contact sb. 联系某人 名词，通讯（录） keep in contact 保持联系 keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系 wound 动词，受伤-wounds-wounding-wounded be wounded with …. 被……弄伤 名词，伤口 bleed-bleeds-bleeding-bled→blood 动词，流血 不可数名词，鲜血 bleed to death 流血致死 result 动词，结果是-results-resulting-resulted result in+结果 导致…… result from+原因 源于…… 可数名词，结果-results the result of… ……的结果 as a result = so 因此，结果是 as a result of… 是……的结果 check 动词，检查-checks-checking-checked check in 登记入住 check out 办理退房 名词，打勾；支票 pay in check 支票购买 wonder-wonders-wondering-wondered 动词，疑惑，想知道=want to know pay-pays-paying-paid→well-paid 动词，付款 形容词，高薪的 pay sb.+ 价格 付给某人多少钱 pay for… 为……付钱/付出代价 pay sb. (money) to do sth. 付钱叫某人做某事 pay back 偿还（借款）；报复 pay off 还清（债务等）；获得成功 a well-paid job 一份高薪工作 record 动词，记录-records-recording-recorded record sth. 记录某事 record that+从句 可数名词，记录-records world record 世界纪录 medical record 病历卡；病史档案 on record 记录在案的；公开发表的 charge 动词，控告；充电；收费；赋予职责-charges-charging-charged charge sb. with sth. = accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 charge that+从句 控告…… charge too much/ heavily 收费贵 charge sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 charge sb. with doing sth. 把……任务交给某人；控诉某人犯了…… charge for sth. 为……收费/要价 名词，负责，管理；指控；收费 take charge 掌管，负责；主持 take charge of… 接管/负责…… in charge of 管理…… in/under the charge of… 被……管理 person in charge 负责人 service charge 服务费 free of charge= for free 免费 break 动词，打破-breaks-breaking-broke-broken→broken形容词，破损的 be broken 被打破 break down 奔溃，垮掉，发生故障 break out 爆发；发生 break up 打碎，拆散； 分裂；瓦解；分手；结束；停课 break in 打断，插嘴；闯入 break into 破门而入；突然…起来 e.g.: break into tears 突然落泪 break into pieces 破成碎片 break away 脱离；离开；逃脱 break away from 打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯 break off 断开；中断 break through 突破；出现 名词，休息 have a break 休息 sure 形容词，确信的 be/ make sure of/about… 确信…… be/ make sure to do sth. 确保做某事 副词，当然=of course suppose 动词，认为，推断；假定，设想-supposes-supposing-supposed suppose sb./sth. +形容词/介词短语 suppose sb./sth. to have done sth. 假定某人已经做某事 be supposed to do sth. = should do sth.=ought to do sth. 应该做某事 be supposed to have done sth.=should have done sth.=ought to have done sth.本应该做某事 know-knows-knowing-knew 动词，知道 know to do sth. 知道做某事 know how to do sth. 知道如何做某事 know about… 了解…… know a lot/much about… 很了解…… know no about… 不了解…… witness 动词，见证；目击-witnesses-witnessing-witnessed witness that+从句 witness for sb. 为某人作证 witness against sb. 作证指控某人 witness to sth. 见证某事 可数名词，目击证人-witnesses 不可数名词，证据 a witness to sth. ……的目击者 breathe-breathes-breathing-breathed-breath 动词，呼吸 不可数名词，呼吸 breathe heavily 呼吸重 breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出 breathe freely 透气；安心 breathe deeply 深呼吸 breathe again 宽心；再次呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气，气喘吁吁 prove-proves-proving-proved-proven-proof 名词，证据 动词，证明 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明…… prove sb./sth. to be + n./adj. 证明……是…… prove that… 证明…… 系动词，证明是，结果是 prove (to be) + n./ adj. e.g.: He proved (to be) helpful. 他的确乐于助人。 insist-insists-insisting-insisted-insisted 动词，坚持；坚决要求 insist on/ upon sth./ doing sth. 坚持…… insist that + 虚拟语气（should do） 坚持要/一定要…… offer 动词，主动提出，自愿给予-offers-offering-offered-offered offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 offer to do sth. 主动做某事 名词，建议，主动提议；出价 make an offer of… 给予…… reward 动词，奖励（赏），酬劳-rewards-rewarding-rewarded-rewarded reward sb. with sth. 奖励某人某物 名词，奖励；报酬，奖金 a reward for… ……的酬劳 lead 动词，领导（先）；导致-leads-leading-led-led lead to sth. 导致（某种结果）；通向（某地） lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead sb. in doing sth. 带领某人做某事 lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活 名词，领先 take the lead 领先 take the lead in… 在某方面领先 arrest 动词，逮捕，拘留-arrests-arresting-arrested-arrested arrest sb. for sth. 因某事逮捕某人 名词，逮捕，拘留 provide-provides-providing-provided-provided-provisiion-provided 动词，提供 名词，提供 连词，如果=if provide for sth. 为……作准备 provide sb. with sth. = provide sth for sb. 向某人提供某物 provided that… 如果…… encourage-encourages-encouraging-encouraged-encouraged-encouragement 动词，鼓励 名词，鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 result 动词，结果是-results-resulting-resulted result in+结果 导致…… result from+原因 源于…… 可数名词，结果-results the result of… ……的结果 as a result = so 因此，结果是 as a result of… 是……的结果
Grammar
关系从句 relative clauses 概念：由关系词引导以修饰先行词的从句，作定语、状语。 结构：关系词+（主语+）谓语+其他 分类：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句 关系词 分类： 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as关系副词when, where, why
功能： 起连接作用，引导定语从句 在定语从句中作成分（主语、宾语、状语、定语、表语） 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词。 词汇 mention-mentions-mentioning-mentioned-mentioned 动词，提及 mention sth. 提及某事 mention sth. to sb. 向某人提及某事 mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mention that+从句 提到…… Don’t mention it. 不客气/没关系。 not to mention… 更不用说，还不算…… hear-hears-hearing-heard-heard 动词，听 hear of/about… 听说…… hear from sb. 收到某人的来信=receive/get a letter from sb. hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（经常做或全过程） the+形容词表示一类人 e.g.: the young = young people 年轻人 be+形容词+to do sth. 做某事怎么样 【特殊】be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 It is+形容词+for sb. +to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎么样。 have something to do 有事要做 have something to do with…. 与……有关 have nothing to do 无事可做 have nothing to do with… 与……无关 There’s something wrong with…. ……出问题了。=… go wrong. catch-catches-catching-caught-caught 动词，抓住 catch the early bus 赶上早班车 catch up with… 追赶上…… write-writes-writing-wrote-written→writing→writer 动词，写作 名词，写作 可数名词，作家 write sth. down 写下某事，记下 write it/ them down 代词只能放中间 require-requires-requiring-required-required→requirement 动词，要求 名词，要求 require (doing) sth. 要求（做）某事 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事→(sb.) be required to do sth. require that+虚拟语气（should do） detail可数名词，细节→detailed 形容词，细节的 in detail 详细地 create-creates-creating-created-created-creative 动词，创造 形容词，创造性的 master 动词，精通-masters-mastering-mastered-mastered-mastery名词，掌握 可数名词，主人；大师-masters the master of… ……的主人 a master at doing sth. 做某事的大师 appear-appears-appearing-appeared-appeared→disappear→appearance 不及物动词，出现 名词，出现；外表 系动词，似乎，好像+形容词 appear (to be) rich 似乎富有 It appears that+从句 似乎…… e.g.: She appeared (to be) happy. =It appeared that she was happy. popular 形容词，流行的，受欢迎的→popularity 名词，流行 be popular among/with… 在……中受欢迎 the popularity of… ……的流行 consider-considers-considering-considered-considered→consideration 动词，考虑；认为 名词，思考 considerable形容词，相当大（多）的→considerably 副词 considerate形容词，体贴的→considerately 副词 consider (doing) sth. 考虑（做）某事 consider +疑问词+to do sth. consider… (as/to be) … 把……视为…… consider sb./sth. to do sth. 考虑某人/某物做某事 take… into consideration/ account 考虑…… cover 动词，遮盖-covers-covering-covered cover… with… 用……遮盖…… →be covered with… 被……覆盖 可数名词，封面，盖子-covers need 动词，需要-needs-needing-needed-needed need sth. 需要某物 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 need doing sth. = need to be done 需要被做某事 e.g.: The flowers need watering. = The flowers need to be watered. 名词，需要 in need 处于需要之中 allow-allows-allowing-allowed-allowed-allowance 动词，允许 名词，允许；津贴 allow (doing) sth. 允许（做）某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事→(sb.) be allowed to do sth. allow sb. sth. 给予某人某物 allow for… 考虑……，体谅…… progress 动词，进展（步）-progresses-progressing-progressed-progressed 名词，进展（步） make progress in… 在某方面取得进展 turn out 结果是，被证明是 turn out that+从句结果证明…… turn out (to be) +形容词 hurry 动词，匆忙-hurries-hurrying-hurried-hurried hurry up赶快 hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 hurry sb. to do sth. 名词，匆忙 in a hurry (to do sth.) 匆忙（做某事） in one’s hurry (to do sth.) in no hurry (to do sth.) 不着忙；不愿意（做某事）
Integrated skills
kidnap-kidnaps-kidnapping-kidnapped-kidnapped 动词，绑架；名词，绑架 kidnap sb. 绑架某人 wealth 不可数名词，财富→wealthy 形容词，富有的=rich be wealthy = be of great wealth 富有 between 介词，在……之间 between+可数名词复数 e.g.: between the boxes 在盒子之间 between… and… 在……和……之间 be known/famous for… 因……而出名 be known/famous as… 作为……而出名 be known/famous to… 被……熟知 tip 可数名词，提示；小费-tips a tip/tips to… ……的提示 protect-protects-protecting-protected-protection 动词，保护 名词，保护 protect sb. (from) doing sth. 防止某人做某事 remember-remembers-remembering-remembered-remembered 动词，记住 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 had better do sth. 最好做某事 had better (not) do sth. 最好不做某事 shut-shuts-shutting-shut-shut 动词，关闭 shut the door 关门 carry-carries-carrying-carried-carried 动词，携带 carry sth. with sb. 随身携带某物 carry away 带走，拿走，搬走 carry on 继续（做），坚持做 carry on with… 继续做…… carry out 实行，执行；实现，完成；履行（诺言、义务等） carry off 成功应付；赢得，获得 agree-agrees-agreeing-agreed-agreed-agreement 动词，赞同-disagree 动词，反对 名词，赞同 agree with sb. 赞同某人的观点 agree with sth. 与……一致 agree on/upon sth. 在某方面达成一致 agree on/upon doing sth. 同意做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 in agreement with… 与……一致 guard-guards-guarding-guarded-guarded 动词，守卫，保卫 guard sb. from sth. 保护某人免受……伤害 guard against… 防卫…… possible 形容词，可能的-impossible 形容词，不可能的-possibility 名词，可能性-impossibility 名词，不可能 as … as possible 尽可能…… if possible 如果可能的话 dangerous 形容词，危险的→danger 名词，危险 safe 形容词，安全的→safety 名词，安全
Study skills
general 形容词，大概的；普遍的，全体的→generally 副词 in general 总的来说，一般来说 general manager 总经理 名词，将军 tell-tells-telling-told-told 动词，告诉 tell sb. (about) sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 continue-continues-continuing-continued-continued-continuation 动词，继续 名词 continue to do sth./ continue doing sth. 继续做某事 continue (with) sth. 继续某事 continue+形容词 turn-turns-turning-turned-turned 动词，旋转 turn to sb. 向某人求助=ask sb. for help turn up 调大音量；出现，到达；查询（字典） turn down 调小音量 turn on/off 打开/关闭电器 turn over 翻页；打翻 turn in 上交；睡觉；归还 turn out 结果是；生产 turn around/round 转身；使好转 系动词，变得+颜色 名词，机会 It’s one’s turn (to do sth.) 轮到某人（做某事） by turn 交替地，轮流地 in turn 依次，轮流地；回报 in turn for… 对……的回报 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 more than 超过，多余=over no more than 不多于 glance-glances-glancing-glanced-glanced 动词，瞥一眼，扫视 glance at… 瞥见…… smile 动词，微笑-smiles-smiling-smiled-smiled smile at sb. 向某人微笑 名词，微笑→smiling形容词，面带微笑的 wear/ have a smile on one’s face 面带微笑 = be smiling lose-loses-losing-lost-lost→loss→loser 动词，失去 名词，损失 可数名词，失败者 lose one’s way=get lost=lose oneself 迷路 lose heart 灰心
Task
enter-enters-entering-entered-entered-entrance 动词，进入=come into 名词，入口 plan 动词，计划-plans-planning-planned-planned plan to do sth. 计划做某事 =be going to do sth. 可数名词，计划-plans a plan/ plans for… ……的计划 get-gets-getting-got-gotten 动词，得到 get… from… 从……获得…… get to sp.= arrive in/at… = reach sp. 到达某地 get along with… 与……和谐相处 speak-speaks-speaking-spoke-spoken-speaker 动词，说话 可数名词，发言人 speak to sb. 与某人说话 speak +语言 drop-drops-dropping-dropped-dropped 动词，下降 drop from… 从……掉下 drop to the ground 落在地上 drop in 顺便拜访 drop in on sb. 顺便走访某人 名词，滴 a drop of blood 一滴血 surprise-surprises-surprising-surprised-surprised →surprised→surprising 动词，使惊奇 形容词，惊讶的 形容词，令人惊讶的 surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 surprise sb. with sth. 用某物使某人惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be surprised that+从句 名词，惊奇 to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是 in surprise 惊奇地 steal-steals-stealing-stole-stolen 动词，偷窃 steal one’s sth. = steal sth. from sb. 偷某人某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth for sb. 为某人偷某物