牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 3 Fit for life Reading (II)课件（共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
Unit 3 Fit for life
Reading (II)
1. _____ is known to all, genome editing brings many exciting possibilities to the world. Genes play 2. ____ critical role in shaping our lives. Our personal genome carries all the information 3. _______ (need) to make us grow and develop. Also it contains information 4. _____ helps determine our lifespan and 5. _____ (affect) our chances of contracting certain diseases. By correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material, 6. ______ (gene) hope to apply the technology of genome editing to help with 7. _____ disease treatment and prevention. 8. _______, questions arise about how to use genome editing 9. ___________ (appropriate). 10. ________ the public argument, genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.
As
a
needed
that
affects
geneticists
both
However
appropriately
Despite
Lead-in
Complete the passage with proper words or the correct forms of the words in brackets
It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. (page 30, lines 10–11)
影响
affect v.
1. 不幸的家庭环境可能会影响孩子的成长。
An unhappy home environment can affect a child’s growth.
2. At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were affected to tears.
3. He affected not to see me.
Practice
= moved
= pretended
1. Unfortunately, he contracted cancer at a very young age.
不幸的是，他年纪轻轻就得了癌症。
2. The economy has contracted by 2.5% since last year.
自去年起，经济已经萎缩了2.5个百分点。
3. She has contracted to work 20 hours a week.
她已签订每周工作20小时的合同。
She has signed a seven-year contract with a Hollywood studio.
她与好莱坞的一家制片厂签订了七年的合同。
contract v. 得（病）；收缩；订立…的合同
contract n. 契约，合同
Practice
2. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. (page 30, line 14–16)
Scientists are trying to identify the relationship between genes and personality.
科学家正在试图找到基因与个性之间的联系。
identify with sb
I believe that most readers will identify with the author.
我相信大多数读者会与作者产生共鸣。
identify v. 找到，发现
identity n. 身份；特征
identification n. 鉴定
与某人产生共鸣；谅解；同情
Practice
Such means are/such a means is unpleasant.
这样的方式令人不快。
by means of
He came first in the writing competition by means of hard work.
通过勤奋努力，他获得了写作比赛的第一名。
by no means
She is by no means a bad girl.
她绝不是一个坏女孩。
means n. 方式，方法
Practice
借助，依靠
决不
3. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing. (page 31, line 19–20)
The operation restored his sight.
手术使他恢复了视力。
The palace is closed for restoration.
王宫因整修而停止开放。
restore v. 恢复（某种情况或感受）
Practice
restoration n. 整修
4. As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies (page 31, lines 25–28)
The runner quickened his pace and won the race.
赛跑者加快了脚步，赢得了比赛。
at a fast pace keep pace with
Slow down! I can’t keep pace with you.
慢一点！我跟不上你了。
pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏
Practice
快速
跟上，并驾齐驱
arise
A new crisis has arisen/come up.
新危机出现了。
arise from
Mental problems can arise from/out of a physical cause.
身体上的原因可以引起精神上的问题。
arise v. 发生，出现；由…引起
Practice
arose
arisen
= arise out of
由…引起
In the future, we will restrict the number of students per class to 30.
以后我们会把每个班的学生人数限定在30人。
restrict v. 限制；阻碍
restriction n. 限制，约束
Practice
impose/place strict/tough/tight restrictions on
对…实施严格限制
prohibit sb from doing sth
= ban/forbid sb from doing sth
The law prohibits people from hunting animals in this area.
法律禁止人们在该地区狩猎。
prohibit v. 禁止；使不可能
prohibition n. 禁令；禁止
Practice
禁止某人做某事
5. Philosophers, geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues …This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage. (page 31, lines 33–37)
She helped me solve the problem I had been wrestling with for weeks.
她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。
wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决
Practice
have an important place in
take the place of
in the first place
1. Working _______________________ all our lives.
2. I had to find someone to ________________ Jenny.
3. All the arrangements ______________ for the meeting.
4. _______________, I want to extend the warmest welcome to you on behalf of our school.
put … in place 准备就绪
More expressions
Practice
首先
占据重要位置
取代
has an important place in
take the place of
are put in place
In the first place
Fill in the blanks with phrases above correctly.
6. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science. (page 31, lines 42–43)
He is, without doubt, one of the world’s most powerful geneticists.
毫无疑问，他是世界上最有影响力的遗传学家之一。
There is no/little doubt that …
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of air pollution.
毫无疑问，我们必须对空气污染问题有足够的重视。
without/beyond doubt 无疑
Practice
毫无疑问
This week, a team of scientists based in Switzerland announced the discovery of sixteen genetic markers that relate to human lifespans. (1)____________, the discovery is an important finding in the field of genetics. For years, scientists have been working to (2)______ specific genetic markers that are connected with a long lifespan. Until recently, only two such markers were known to the scientific community.
Genes play a critical role in overall health. Every (3)______ in the human body contains genetic information. Everything from the ageing process to the development of deadly diseases, such as cancer, is tied to an individual’s genetic make-up. However, scientists have long been (4)____________ the question about which genetic markers indicate a short or long lifespan. The discovery by the research team may quicken the (5)______ of the study on genes and human lifespans, and eventually help answer this question.
Scientists say that locating these sixteen genetic markers will greatly improve their understanding of how genes (6)______ lifespans. These genetic markers may eventually function as a (7)______ of targeting the specific genes connected with lifespans. This could significantly enhance people’s chances of living to a ripe old age. According to some scientists, it could make a (8)_________ change to the future of human life.
B1 The news report below is about the discovery of genetic markers that are tied to plete the news report with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
pace means identify wrestle with
cell fundamental affect without doubt
Without doubt
identify
cell
wrestling with
pace
affect
means
fundamental
The lecture transcript uses a number of words related to “gene”. Look at the examples, think of more word families with a similar pattern and fill in the table below.
B2
Suffixes Meanings Words
-(t)ics/-(o)logy the study of a subject
-(t)ic/-al related to
-ist/-ian a person who studies a subject
genetics, statistics, economics, linguistics, sociology, climatology
genetic, economic, linguistic, mathematical, political, musical
geneticist, physicist, mathematician, statistician, politician, musician
The lecture transcript uses different structures with “as”. Find the sentences in the lecture transcript and use different structures with “as” to join the sentences below.
“As” can be used in different structures to express different meanings, such as time and reason. As a linking word, it can make your information better organized.
You might have heard this before. Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.
2. We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing. It can be dangerous.
3. New discoveries are being made. Geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes.
Learn this
B3
As you might have heard before, some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.
We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing, as it can be dangerous.
As new discoveries are being made, geneticists are gaining a better understanding of our genes.
B3
Homework
Review what you have learnt in this lesson.
2. Finish Workbook page A & B on page 69.
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