Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility：Grammar and usage课件 -2024-2025学年高中《英语》 选择性必修 第四册（译林版）

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Grammar and usage
Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility
Lead-in
Core socialist values
prosperity democracy civility harmony
freedom equality justice the rule of law
patriotism dedication integrity friendship
honesty and responsibility
Does anyone practice honesty and responsibility in your life Who is he/she Why do you think so
Discussion
Useful sentence patterns:
My father practices honesty and responsibility because he ...
My headteacher is a person practicing honesty and responsibility because…...
XXX is a person who practices honesty and responsibility because…....
Exploring the rules
Adverbial clause of condition
Adverbial clause of time
Adverbial clause of place
Adverbial clause of reason
Adverbial clause of purpose
Adverbial clause of result
Adverbial clause of concession Although he spent many years in the UK, ...
He knew that if he came back, …
When he had to go away on business, …
… until he died in 2017 at the age of just 58.
Huang excelled where he was working…
Since he spent so much time on work, …
… so that he did not miss any work in the daytime.
In fact, he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his own health.
Working out the rules
Adverbial clauses can be introduced by: if, unless, as long as, etc. to express (1) ________ ; until, when, while, etc. to express time; where to express places; because, as, since, in that, etc. to express (2) ________ ; so that, in order that, etc. to express (3) ________ ; so ... that, such ... that, etc. to express results; and although, though, even if, etc. to express concession.
conditions
reasons
purposes
Practice
Fill in the blanks with proper linking words.
1) ________we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
2) Stand _______ you are, and I will come to help you.
3) People’s Liberation Army will go ________ they are needed.
4) _______________we are all here, let’s begin our work.
5) My mother turned off the TV ____ _____ I could better concentrate on my studies.
6) It was _____ a cold day that we stayed home.
7) ____ you had more money that you could use, how would you spend it
8) _______________________he is young, he knows a lot.
9) When in Rome, do ____ the Romans do.
10) Don’t take on more work ______ you can handle.
When
where
wherever
Since/Now(that)
so that
such
If
Although/ Though/ While
as
than
(to express ways)
(to express comparison)
More rules
1) When we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
=The moment we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
=The minute we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
= Every time we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
=As soon as we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
=Immediately we look at the flag, we think of the country’s history and culture.
Adverbial clauses can be introduced by some phrases（the moment、the minute、every time）or adverbs（immediately、directly） to express time.
一听到消息，我就匆匆赶到了现场。
b. 走错教室的那一刻，我很尴尬。
c. 那个女孩每次见到我都会笑着打招呼。
d. 汤姆一看到我就走了过来。
The moment I heard the news, I hurried to the spot.
The minute I entered the wrong classroom,
I felt embarrassed.
Every time the girl sees me, she greets me with a sweet smile.
Tom came up immediately he saw me.
2) It was such a cold day that we stayed home.
=It was so cold a day that we stayed home.
=It was so cold that we stayed home.
More rules
Adverbial clauses can be introduced by such ... that、so ... that、 so that
to express result.
a. He is ______a good teacher that we all respect him.
b. He is ______ good a teacher that we all respect him.
c. The teacher is _____ good that we all respect him.
d. These were _______ difficult questions that none of us could answer.
e. We had ______ terrible weather that we couldn’t finish the work on time.
f. There is _____ little time left that we have to speed up.
g. They are ______ little children that they can’t understand it.
such
so
so
such
such
so
such
such / so
形容词+可数名词复数
形容词+不可数名词
a/an+形容词+可数名词单数
such+ +that+从句
so + +that+从句
形容词/副词
many/few+可数名词复数
much/little+不可数名词
形容词+a/an+可数名词单数
比较:
He spoke at the top of his voice, so that those at the back of the hall heard him.
2) He spoke at the top of his voice so that those
at the back of the hall could hear him.
to express result
to express purpose
More rules
3) If you had more money that you could use, how would you spend it
=Supposing you had more money that you could use, how would you spend it
Sometimes adverbial clauses can be introduced by supposing (that)、providing/provided (that)
to express condition.
e.g. 倘若不下雨，我们也许会去参加聚会。
We may go to the party provided that it does not rain.
More rules
4) Although/Though/While he is young, he knows a lot.
= Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Adverbial clauses can be introduced by as to express concession, but it is often used in inverted sentences.
a. 这篇文章虽然短小，却很重要。
b. 尽管他很努力，可是进步不大。
Short as it is, the article is very important.
Hard as he works, he makes little progress.
Applying the rules
B1 Put the words in correct order to make sentences with adverbial clauses.
1. Jake got up early so that he would have time to exercise
before class.
2. Although she had not edited the photos, they still looked very good.
3. He went to work as if nothing had happened.
4. Her teacher liked her because she was so hard-working.
5. I get very upset when people do not tell me the truth.
6. If you are nice to other people, they will be nice to you.
B3 Describe a person practicing honesty and responsibility using adverbial clauses.
Useful sentence patterns:
XXX is a good example of someone who practises honesty and responsibility.
His classmates elect him as class monitor because______.
His colleagues show respect for him because________.
Although he____________, he manages to____________.
He will not ________ unless _________.
If his friends _____________, they often ________ because they know he will_________.
He once said, “I’m just doing what I can so that________.”
……
My friend Peter is a good example of someone who practises honesty and responsibility. Since he was quite young, Peter has been regarded as a “good” boy. His classmates elected him as class monitor because they know Peter is reliable. He devoted a lot of time to helping his classmates and the class teacher, earning him high praise. Although he is a very busy student, he manages to do other activities such as guitar lessons. His parents were concerned that guitar lessons would take up too much of his time, but Peter assured them he made such a strict schedule that he could handle it. It turns out that Peter has kept a good balance between his study and his hobby. Peter has many friends, who like him and trust him more than others. If his friends have a disagreement, they often approach him because they know he will speak the truth and give his honest opinion. He once said, “I’m just doing what I can and try to make smart choices in order that I can help my friends, teachers and family. Where I am needed, I will be there.”
A sample
Homework
Polish your passage after class and exchange your passage with other classmates.
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