24-25学年2023级英语校本作业(3)—— 基础过关
完成时间: 25 分钟
班级__________ 座号_________ 学生__________
一、单词词性转换
1.attach vt. 系; 绑; 贴 → adj. 附加的; 附属的; 依恋的
2.limited adj. 有限的 → n. 限制;局限 → adj. 无限的→ n. 限制; 限度
3.argue vt. & vi. 论证; 争辩; 争论 → n. 争论; 争吵; 论点 → adj. 可论证的
determined adj. 有决心的; 意志坚定的 → n. 决心 → vt. 查明; 确定; 决定
5.disappointed adj. 失望的; 沮丧的 → adj. 令人失望的 → vt. 使失望 → n. 失望
6.independently adv. 独立地; 自立地 → n. 独立 → adj. 独立的; 自主的 → v. 依靠; 依赖
7.regularly adv. 经常;定期地 → adj. 定期的;有规律的 →(反) adj. 不规则的; 不规律的
8.analysis n. (对事物的)分析; 分析结果 →(pl.) → v.分析 →
n. 分析家
9.mental adj. 精神的; 思想的 → adv. 精神上;心理上
10.intelligent adj. 有智慧的; 聪明的; 有智力的 → n. 聪明;智慧
11. n. 宇宙;天地万物 → adj. 普遍的 → adv. 普遍地
12.mystery n. 神秘事物; 谜 → adj. 神秘的
13.globe n. 地球; 世界; 地球仪 → adj. 全球的;全面的 → adv. 全局地;全球地
14.sufficient adj. 足够的; 充足的 → adv. 足够地; 充足地 →(反) adj. 不够的;不足的
15.current adj. 当前的; 现在的 n. 水流; 电流; 思潮 → adv. 当前;现时
二、单句语法填空
1. I have to admit that you are a (determine) young woman, and I have found you charming and (intelligence) as well.
2. By taking exercise (regular), I have grown healthy not only physically, but also
(mental) in the past years.
3. Although feeling (disappoint) and frustrated, in a city far from home, he managed to live (independent).
4. It occurred to Lucy that she should not let a calm discussion turn into a heated (argue).
5. Though (limit) time was, they managed to achieve much after taking a series of measures.
6. Afterwards, they felt (sufficient) well to head to the research center, where they got several (analyze) of the accidents.
7. (lack) enough training, she was afraid of losing the job opportunity. How she
(desire) a job to earn a living!
8. The committee is concerned about players’ behaviour, especially (argue) with referees.
9. (recycle) the waste material costs money and requires special equipment to achieve the (desire) result.
10. He headed to the bar, (signal) to the girl that she could take part in the campaign
(launch) by the company.
11. He fixed his eyes on a series of photos (attach) to the journal.
12. The player selected from the city (leap) in the air and waved his fists to the fans as he ran out of the stadium.
13. In 1957 the Soviet Union successfully launched the first satellite (orbit) the earth.
24-25学年莆田侨中2023级英语校本作业(3)—— 基础过关 答案
attached 2. limitation, limitless, limit 3. argument, arguable
4. determination, determine 5. disappointing, disappoint, disappointment
6. independence, independent, depend 7. regular, irregular
8. analyses, analyze, analyst 9.mentally 10.intelligence
11. universe, universal, universally 12. mysterious 13. global, globally
14. sufficiently, insufficient 15. currently
1. determined intelligent
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我必须承认,你是一个坚定的年轻女性,我也发现你既迷人又聪明。空1用以ed结尾的形容词determined“有决心的”作定语,修饰名词(人) young woman;动词found后接复合宾语,空2用形容词intelligent“有智慧的;聪明的”作宾语补足语。故填①determined;②intelligent。
regularly mentally
【详解】考查副词。句意:通过定期锻炼,在过去的几年里,我不仅变得身体健康,而且心理健康。根据句子分析可知,空1:此处修饰动词take exercise,故应用副词“regularly定期地”,故填regularly。空2:此处修饰形容词healthy,故应用副词“mentally心理上”,故填mentally。故答案为regularly,mentally。
disappointed independently
【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意:尽管感到失望和沮丧,但在一个远离家乡的城市,他设法独立生活。空1在feeling后用以ed结尾的形容词disappointed“失望的”作表语,说明he(人);空2修饰动词live,应用副词,作状语。故填①disappointed;②independently。
argument
【详解】考查名词。句意:Lucy突然想到,她不应该让平静的讨论变成激烈的争论。heated是形容词,修饰名词,argue的名词是argument,意为“争论”,空前有a,空格处用单数,故填argument。
limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意:虽然时间有限,但他们在采取一系列措施后设法取得了很多成就。此处用形容词limited“有限的”,作前置定语,修饰名词time。故填limited。
sufficiently analyses
【详解】考查副词和名词。句意:之后,他们感觉足够好了前往研究中心,在那里他们得到了几次关于事故的分析。第一空,空处应用副词sufficiently“足够地,充分地”作状语修饰形容词well;第二空,空处应用名词analysis“分析”作宾语,由several可知,应用复数形式,analysis的复数形式为analyses。故填①sufficiently;②analyses。
Lacking desired
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意:由于缺乏足够的培训,她害怕失去这个工作机会。她多么渴望有一份工作来谋生啊!空①作状语,应用非谓语动词,主语“she”与动词“lack(缺少)”是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,且置于句首,首字母大写,空①填“Lacking”;空②所填动词作句子的谓语动词,时态与前一句时态保持一致,应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式,因此空②填“desired”。故答案为:①Lacking;②desired。
arguing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:委员会关注选手的行为,尤其是与裁判的争执。空处作介词about的宾语,应用动名词,填arguing。
Recycling desired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:回收废料需要花钱并需要特殊设备来达到预期的结果。第一个空作主语,应用recycle“回收”的动名词,位于句首,首字母大写填;第二个空作前置定语,且desire“期望,渴望”与result是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词。故填①Recycling;②desired。
signaling/signalling launched
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他走向酒吧,向女孩示意她可以参加公司发起的活动。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语为headed,①处为非谓语动词,signal“示意”与逻辑主语He构成主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。that引导的定语从句中,谓语为could take part in,②处为非谓语动词,campaign与launch“发起”为被动关系,应用过去分词,作定语。故填①signaling或signalling②launched。
attached
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他目不转睛地盯着杂志上的一组照片。空处作定语修饰photos,attach与photos是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式作定语,填attached。
leaped/leapt
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:从这座城市选出的球员在跑出体育场时跳跃在空中并向球迷挥拳。根据空后的waved可知,本句描述过去的动作和状态,故时态用一般过去时,谓语用leap“跳跃”过去式leaped/leapt,与waved并列。故填leaped/leapt。
to orbit
【详解】考查不定式。句意:1957年,苏联成功地发射了第一颗绕地球轨道运行的卫星。satellite前有序数词first修饰,空格处用不定式作后置定语,故填to orbit。
24-25学年莆田侨中2023级英语校本作业(4)—— 能力提升
完成时间: 25 分钟
班级__________ 座号_________ 学生__________
一、画出下列句子中的动词不定式并判断它们在句子中的作用
1.I have a lot of things to do today.
2.There are two letters to be typed.
3.Let’s go and get something to drink.
4.There’s no need to worry at all.
5.We have a right to know.
6.I had nothing to do that night.
7.She didn’t have the courage to tell you that.
8.That’s probably the only thing to do now.
9.There is not a place for me to have a rest there.
10.He is not a man to bow before difficulties.
二、语法填空
1. The ability (express) one’s idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one’s college.
2. The next train (arrive) was from New York.
3. I have nothing (say) on this question.
4. They have now an opportunity (go) abroad to study further.
5. His ability (get) on well with people is his chief advantage.
6. He made an attempt (learn) English well.
7. We came home (find) our garden neat and tidy.
8. He hurried to the house only (find) that it was empty.
9. With a lot of work (do), she wasn’t allowed to leave her office.
10. The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
11. She got back home happily, only (find) she had left her mobile phone in her office.
12. (save) energy, we turn off the lights for Earth Hour on the last Saturday.
13. However, our discussions are more than just a way (practice) our debating skills.
14. We’re never going to have enough time (explore) everything!
15. He hurried to the station, only ( tell ) the train had left.
16. I bought some young trees (plant) on the hill.
17. The building (build) next year will be a gym.
18. There are still lots of problems (deal) with.
三、完成句子
1. , one must first be a good person.
要做一名好老师,先要做一个好人。
, he lay down his own life.
为了救落水儿童,他付出了自己的生命。
The boy worked very hard the lost time.
这个男孩非常努力,为的是弥补失去的时间。
The children wanted to buy something after the long trip.
长途旅行后,孩子们想买点喝的。
There is still a lot of work to make our life better.
要让我们的生活变得更好,还有很多工作要做。
He was the first guest .
他是第一个到达的客人。
It’s time for you .
你该起床去上学了。
He searched the room, .
他搜查了房间, 结果没发现什么。
It is too soon for me .
现在说计划能否成功还为时过早。
As a conductor he is too experienced .
他是一位经验非常丰富的指挥家,根本不会在乎别人说什么。
24-25学年2023级英语校本作业(4)—— 能力提升 答案
一
I have a lot of things to do today.(作things的定语)
There are two letters to be typed. (作letters的定语)
Let’s go and get something to drink. (作something的定语)
There’s no need to worry at all. (作need的定语)
We have a right to know. (作right的定语)
I had nothing to do that night. (作nothing的定语)
She didn’t have the courage to tell you that. (作courage的定语)
That’s probably the only thing to do now. (作thing的定语)
There is not a place for me to have a rest there. (作place的定语)
10.He is not a man to bow before difficulties. (作man的定语)
【解析】1.考查非谓语动词。句意:我今天有很多事情要做。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to do,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的代词things。故答案为I have a lot of things to do today.(作things的定语)。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:有两封信要打。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to be typed,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词letters。故答案为There are two letters to be typed. (作letters的定语)。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们去喝点什么吧。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to drink,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的代词something。故答案为Let’s go and get something to drink. (作something的定语)。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:没有担心的必要。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to worry,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词need。故答案为There’s no need to worry at all. (作need的定语)。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们有知道的权利。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to know,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词right。故答案为We have a right to know. (作right的定语)。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:那天晚上我无所事事。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to do,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的代词nothing。故答案为I had nothing to do that night. (作nothing的定语)。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:她没有勇气告诉你那件事。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to tell you that,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词courage。故答案为She didn’t have the courage to tell you that. (作courage的定语)。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是现在唯一要做的事情。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to do,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的代词thing。故答案为That’s probably the only thing to do now. (作thing的定语)。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:那里没有我休息的地方。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to have a rest,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词place。故答案为There is not a place for me to have a rest there. (作place的定语)。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:他不是一个在困难面前卑躬屈膝的人。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话中的动词不定式结构是to bow before difficulties,在句子中作定语,修饰前面的名词man。故答案为He is not a man to bow before difficulties. (作man的定语)。
二、
to express
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:表达思想的能力在某种程度上决定了一个人在大学里能走多远。ability意为“能力”,为抽象名词,应用to do不定式作后置定语。动词express意为“表达”。故填to express。
to arrive
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:下一班到达的火车是从纽约来的。名词train被the next修饰,所以应用动词不定式作后置定语。动词arrive意为“到达”。故填to arrive。
to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:关于这个问题,我无话可说。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作定语,因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的的不确定的动作,使用动词不定式,故填to say。
to go
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:他们现在有出国深造的机会。分析句子可知,这里表示“做某事的机会”,应用短语an opportunity to do sth.,其中不定式作定语,修饰前面名词。故填to go。
to get
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他能和人相处是他的主要优势。分析句子可知,“(get) on well with people”作ability的后置定语,某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时,它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。be able to do sth“能够作某事”,able后接不定式,故其名词形式ability后接不定式作定语,故填to get。
【点睛】
to learn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他试图学好英语。根据“made an attempt”可推知,此处用固定短语make an attempt to do sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填to learn。
to find
【详解】考查to do不定式。句意:我们回到家,发现花园又干净又整洁。根据“our garden neat and tidy”可知,此处应用to do做结果状语。动词find意为“发现”。故填to find。
to find
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他匆忙赶到房子里结果却发现它是空的。表示出乎意料的结果经常用only to do。故填to find。
to do
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:由于有许多工作要做,她被禁止离开办公室。此处应用to do不定式表示将要。故填to do。
to be completed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:明年完工的机场将有助于促进该地区的旅游业。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作定语,根据时间状语next year可知,该动作将要发生,且complete与the airport之间为被动关系。故填to be completed。
to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她高高兴兴地回到家,却发现自己把手机忘在办公室了。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要动词不定式,作状语,表示出乎意料的结果。故填to find。12. To save
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了节约能源,我们在上星期六的“地球一小时”活动中关灯。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,空处作句子的目的状语,表示“为了……”,应用save的不定式形式,且空处位于句首,to的首字母需大写。故填To save。
13. to practice
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。名词way后常接不定式作定语。故填to practice。
to explore
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:我们永远不会有足够的时间去探索一切!分析句子可知,表示“有足够的时间做某事”应用短语have enough time to do sth。故填to explore。
to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他匆忙赶到车站,却被告知火车已经开走了。only to do表示意想不到的结果。逻辑主语he与tell之间为被动关系,所以用不定式的被动语态。结合句意,故填to be told。
to plant
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我买了一些小树种在山上。根据“I bought some young trees”可知,此处是指买树是为了种在山上,所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。动词plant意为“种植”。故填to plant。
to be built
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意:明年要建的大楼将是一个体育馆。根据next year可知,此处应用to do不定式表示将要作后置定语。动词build意为“建造”,和主语构成被动关系。故填to be built。
to be dealt
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:还有许多问题需要处理。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作后置定语修饰名词problems,使用非谓语动词,因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作,使用动词不定式,因与其逻辑主语problems之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,使用动词不定式的被动式,故填to be dealt。
三、
To be a good teacher
【详解】考查动词不定式。表示“做一名好老师”应用be a good teacher,此处应用to do不定式作目的状语。句首首字母应大写。故填To be a good teacher。
In order to/To save the drowning child
【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示,空白处在句子中做状语表示目的,使用动词不定式,所以表示“为了”含义的表达为:to do/in order to do;表示“拯救”含义的表达为:save;表示“落水儿童”含义的表达为:the drowning child,故填In order to/To save the drowning child。
in order to make up for/so as to make up for
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“为了”应用动词短语in order to do或者so as to do;表示“弥补”应用动词短语make up for;分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要动词不定式结构作目的状语。故填in order/so as to make up for。
to drink
【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文可知,空处表示“喝的”,作修饰不定代词something的后置定语,应用不定式形式,“喝”可用动词drink。故填to drink。
to be done
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。表示“要做”应用to do不定式表示将要,表示“做”应用动词do,和主语a lot of work构成被动关系。故填to be done。
to arrive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文可知,空处表示“到达”,作修饰guest的后置定语,guest前有序数词the first修饰,应用不定式作定语,因此用意为“表达”的动词arrive的不定式形式。故填to arrive。
to get up and go to school
【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语。it’s time to do意为“到了做某事的时候了”,为固定句式,所以此处应用to do不定式。表示“起床”应用get up,表示“去上学”应用go to school,前后动作构成顺承关系,所以应用连词and。故填to get up and go to school。
only to find nothing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子,表示“不料竟会…,没想到会…(出乎意料的结果)”用only to do,该结构作状语。表示“没发现什么”用find nothing。故填only to find nothing。
to say whether the plan will succeed or not
【详解】考查宾语从句、动词和名词。对比中英文可知,空处表示“说计划能否成功”,“说”可用动词say,且此处用固定句型It is too soon for sb. to do sth.表示“现在某人做某事还为时过早”,say需用不定式的形式,“计划能否成功”为say的内容,可用意为“是否,能否”的固定结构whether…or not引导名词性从句作say的宾语,从句中主语“计划”可用名词the plan,谓语“成功”可用动词succeed,且这是将来发生的事情,时态应用一般将来时,succeed需用will do的形式。故填to say whether the plan will succeed or not。
to care what others say
【详解】考查动词不定式和宾语从句。too...to do意为“太……而不能”,所以此处应用to do不定式。表示“在乎”应用动词care,表示“什么”应用连接代词what引导宾语从句,表示“别人”应用others,表示“说”应用动词say。故填to care what others say。
24-25学年莆田侨中2023级英语校本作业(5)—— 综合运用
完成时间: 25 分钟
班级__________ 座号_________ 学生__________
一、完形填空
Neil Armstrong was truly suited to be an Apollo astronaut. And he was also a brave test pilot who put his life on the line for 1 progress. As the first human to walk on the moon, he
2 returned to Earth in 1969.
3 Armstrong’s early life, people felt that fate chose the gifted young man to become an astronaut. He was 4 by planes and took to flying as a child. At 16, he received his pilot’s license and became a test pilot.
He went to Purdue University and then served for three years as a fighter pilot. He 5
to Purdue University to finish his degree and was 6 by the National Advisor Committee for Aeronautics(NACA) in 1955. Later, he started his space 7 at the NACA Lewis Research Center, but made his 8 as a daring test pilot at another research center .
Armstrong flew the famed X-15, an experimentally challenging rocket-powered plane that
9 the lives of several brave National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) test pilots. The X-15 reached a top speed and could climb right to the edge of 10 . But to fully break the 11 of Earth’s atmosphere and survive, he would have to become an astronaut. The long-awaited call to join NASA’s astronaut training program came in 1962. Armstrong 12
himself into his new job at NASA headquarters.
Armstrong’s hard work 13 . In 1966, he was chosen as the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission. The mission required someone with Armstrong’s steady hand and 14
heart. He finally finished the first-ever docking(对接) of two vehicles in orbit 15 much difficulty, which laid the groundwork for his future missions to the moon.
1.A.religious B.scientific C.commercial D.political
2.A.barely B.bitterly C.successfully D.apparently
3.A.Recollecting B.Restoring C.Repairing D.Rescuing
4.A.amused B.drawn C.stuck D.disturbed
5.A.admitted B.restricted C.returned D.objected
6.A.dismissed B.abandoned C.beaten D.hired
7.A.shot B.career C.station D.creation
8.A.plane B.vehicle C.name D.case
9.A.sheltered B.comforted C.monitored D.claimed
10.A.space B.land C.mountains D.oceans
11.A.features B.bans C.bonds D.elements
12.A.persuaded B.threw C.relaxed D.tricked
13.A.fell behind B.faded away C.paid off D.got about
14.A.fearless B.genuine C.enthusiastic D.considerate
15.A.apart from B.instead of C.far from D.regardless of
二、语篇填空
China is getting set for future deep space missions, having retrieved(取回) nearly two kilograms of lunar samples from the moon’s far side.
The Chang’e-6 reentry capsule landed back on Earth on June 25, 1 (successful) ending a 53-day mission. The capsule was recovered as planned in grasslands of Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia.
The capsule was sent to Beijing and opened on June 26 to retrieve the sample canister(金属罐), 2 contains 1,935.3 grams of samples, according to the China National Space Administration(CNSA).
The mission was intended 3 (collect) up to 2,000 grams. The 2020 Chang’e-5 near side mission collected 1,731 grams. That mission 4 (encounter) a drilling issue that impacted the amount collected.
The samples have been transported to 5 lunar sample lab in Beijing, where the substances will 6 (store) and initially processed, said the CNSA.
The samples, the first materials recovered from the moon’s far side, have unique 7 (science) value and will further expand humans’ knowledge of the moon’s history and help to prepare for the exploration and exploitation(开发) of lunar resources, the administration said,
8 (note) that they are a “shared treasure” of humanity.
It is expected that domestic research 9 (center) will be able to make application s for samples after six months. Samples will be accessible 10 international scientists two years later, according to CNSA regulations on lunar sample management.
24-25学年莆田侨中2023级英语校本作业(5)—— 综合运用 答案
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国著名宇航员阿姆斯特朗的生平。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他还是一名勇敢的试飞员,为科学进步奉献一生。A. religious 宗教的;B. scientific 科学的;C. commercial 商业的;D. political 政治的。根据上文“Apollo astronaut”和下文“the first human to walk on the moon”可知,阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上漫步的人,由此可知,他是为科学的进步奉献。故选B项。
2.考查副词词义辨析。句意:作为第一个在月球上行走的人,他于1969年成功返回地球。A. barely几乎不;B. bitterly痛苦地;C. successfully成功地;D. apparently显然。根据常识可知,阿姆斯特朗1969年成功返回了地球。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:回顾阿姆斯特朗的早年生活,人们感觉是命运选择了这个有天赋的年轻人成为一名宇航员。A. Recollecting回忆;B. Restoring恢复;C. Repairing修理;D. Rescuing营救。根据下文“Armstrong’s early life”可知,应是回顾阿姆斯特朗的早年生活。故选A项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他被飞机吸引,并在童年时期就开始飞行。A. amused逗笑;B. drawn吸引;C. stuck卡住、困住;D. disturbed打扰、妨碍。根据下文“ and took to flying as a child.”可知,应是他被飞机吸引。故选B项。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他回到普渡大学完成学位,并于1955年被美国国家航空咨询委员会聘用。A. admitted承认;B. restricted限制;C. returned返回;D. objected反对。根据上文“He went to Purdue University and then served for three years as a fighter pilot.”可知,阿姆斯特朗先去了普渡大学,后来当了三年战斗机飞行员,故应是返回普渡大学完成学位。故选C项。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他回到普渡大学完成学位,并于1955年被美国国家航空咨询委员会聘用。A. dismissed 解雇;B. abandoned 抛弃;C. beaten 打败;D. hired 雇佣。根据下文“by the National Advisor Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1955.”可知,他应是被NACA聘用。故选D项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他在NACA刘易斯研究中心开始了他的太空生涯,但在另一个研究中心作为大胆的试飞员而闻名。A. shot射击、射门;B. career事业;C. station车站、岗位;D. creation创造、创建。根据上文“He started his space”可知,他在这里开始了自己的太空事业。故选B项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他在NACA刘易斯研究中心开始了他的太空生涯,但在另一个研究中心作为大胆的试飞员而闻名。A. plane飞机;B. vehicle车辆;C. name名字、名声;D. case实例、案例。根据下文“as a daring test pilot at another research center.”可知,他应是作为一名大胆的试飞员而出名,make one’s name“出名,成名”。故选C项。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:阿姆斯特朗驾驶着著名的X-15,这是一架具有挑战性的试验性火箭动力飞机,夺去了几位勇敢的美国国家航空航天局试飞员的生命。A. sheltered庇护;B. comforted安慰;C. monitored监控;D. claimed声称,夺走。根据上文“an experimentally challenging rocket-powered plane”可知,这是一种具有挑战性的试验性飞机,说明很危险,故应是夺走了几位试飞员的生命。故选D项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:X-15达到了最高速度,可以爬升到太空的边缘。A. space空间、太空;B. land陆地、地面;C. mountains山;D. oceans海洋。根据上文“rocket-powered plane”和“could climb right to the edge of ”可知,这是一种火箭动力飞机,最高速度可以飞到太空的边缘。故选A项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但要完全打破地球大气层的束缚并生存下来,他必须成为一名宇航员。A. features特征;B. bans禁令;C. bonds纽带、枷锁、桎梏;D. elements元素。根据下文“of Earth’s atmosphere and survive”及常识可知,大气层对于地球来说是一种保护,但对于地球人来说,想要去到太空,那大气层就变成了枷锁、束缚。故选C项。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:阿姆斯特朗全身心地投入到NASA总部的新工作中。A. persuaded说服、劝服;B. threw抛、投入、投身于;C. relaxed休息、放松;D. tricked欺骗、哄骗。根据下文“himself into his new job”可知,阿姆斯特朗应是全身心投入到工作中,throw oneself into“全身心投入”。故选B项。
13.考查动词短语辨析。句意:阿姆斯特朗的努力得到了回报。A. fell behind落后;B. faded away逐渐消失;C. paid off得到回报;D. got about在……传开。根据下文“In 1966, he was chosen as the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission.”可知,阿姆斯特朗被选为双子座8号任务的指挥飞行员,说明他的努力得到了回报。故选C项。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这项任务需要一个像阿姆斯特朗那样身手稳健、心无畏惧的人。A. fearless 无所畏惧的;B. genuine 真诚的;C. enthusiastic 热情的;D. considerate 体贴的。根据上文“The mission required someone with Armstrong’s steady hand”和下文“heart”可知,此处指像阿姆斯特朗那样无所畏惧的人。故选A项。
15. 考查介词短语辨析。句意:他终于克服重重困难,完成了两架飞行器在轨道上的首次对接,为他以后的登月任务奠定了基础。A. apart from 除了;B. instead of 代替;C. far from 远非;D. regardless of 不管,尽管。根据下文“much difficulty”可知,尽管困难重重,他最终坚持完成了任务。故选D项。
1.successfully 2.which 3.to collect 4.encountered 5.the 6.be stored 7.scientific 8.noting 9.centers 10.to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国正在为未来的深空任务做准备,已经从月球背面回收了近两公斤的月球样本。嫦娥六号返回舱于6月25日返回地球。
1.考查副词。句意:嫦娥六号返回舱于6月25日返回地球,成功结束了为期53天的任务。修饰动词end应用副词successfully,故填successfully。
2.考查定语从句。句意:据中国国家航天局(CNSA)称,该太空舱已被送往北京,并于6月26日打开取回样品罐,其中含有1935.3克样品。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词canister,在从句作主语,指物,故填which。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:这次任务的目的是收集2000克。短语be intended to do sth.表示“目的是……”。故填to collect。
4.考查时态。句意:那次任务遇到了一个钻井问题,影响了收集的数量。发生在过去用一般过去时。故填encountered。
5.考查冠词。句意:中国国家航天局表示,这些样品已被运送到北京的月球样品实验室,在那里这些物质将被储存并进行初步处理。此处sample为特指应用定冠词the。故填the。
6.考查语态。句意:中国国家航天局表示,这些样品已被运送到北京的月球样品实验室,在那里这些物质将被储存并进行初步处理。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且will后跟动词原形。故填be stored。
7.考查形容词。句意:国家航天局表示,这些样品是第一批从月球背面回收的材料,具有独特的科学价值,将进一步扩大人类对月球历史的了解,并有助于为月球资源的探索和开发做准备,并指出它们是人类的“共享宝藏”。修饰名词value应用形容词scientific,作定语。故填scientific。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:国家航天局表示,这些样品是第一批从月球背面回收的材料,具有独特的科学价值,将进一步扩大人类对月球历史的了解,并有助于为月球资源的探索和开发做准备,并指出它们是人类的“共享宝藏”。此处note与administration构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填noting。
9.考查名词的数。句意:预计国内研究中心将在6个月后提出样品申请。结合语境,此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填centers。
10.考查介词。句意:根据中国国家航天局关于月球样本管理的规定,两年后,国际科学家将可以获得月球样本。短语be accessible to表示“可获得”。故填to。