译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 单词导学案

选择性必修三 Unit 4 单词学案
Welcome & Reading
1.*heritage n.遗产
2.awe vt. 使惊叹，使敬畏 n. 敬畏，惊叹
awful adj. 可怕的; 糟糕的
awesome adj. 令人敬畏的；极好的
be awed by 对...感到敬畏/惊叹
in awe 敬畏地，惊叹地
她敬畏地凝视着那令人叹为观止的景色。
She gazed at the breathtaking scenery_____ _____.
我被他们的才华所折服。
I _____ _____ _____their talent.
3.civilization (also civilisation)
n. 文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界
civilized adj. 文明的；有礼貌的 (civilize的过去分词)
civilize v. 使文明；教化；使开化
China is one of the birthlands(发源地) of ancient _____________（文明）.
This kind of thing should not happen in a _________（文明的）society.
They tried to _________ （教化）the natives.
4.preserve vt. 维护，保护，保存；维持
preservation n. 保存，保留
well-preserved adj. 保存良好的
preserve…from 保护使…免遭掩护
我们将尽一切努力维护和平。
We will do everything to preserve peace.
该组织的成立是为了保护濒临灭绝的物种。
The organization was set up to ___________ endangered species from extinction.
5.urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急迫的
urge v. 敦促；竭力主张 n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
in urgent need of 迫切需要
It’s urgent that sb/sth (should)…(虚拟语气)
急需食物和水。
There is an _____ need _____ food and water.
法律急需改革。
The law is _____ _____ ____ ____reform.
病人去医院是最紧急的事。
It is most_____ that the patient should get to hospital.
6.wear down （使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平
wear三形：wear，_______,______
7.*pyramid n.金字塔
8.ruin vt. 破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭
n. 毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
in ruins 毁坏；成为废墟
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
The temple was in ruins.
The bad weather ruined our trip.
9.incredible adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的
incredibly adv. 难以置信地;非常地
credible adj. 可信赖的;可靠的
10.clay n. 黏土，陶土
feet of clay
致命的弱点；泥足（指站不住脚的事物）
11.sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品； 雕刻术
同义词：n. 雕像，雕塑_________
12.missile n. 导弹
辨：mission_________
13.violence n. 暴力，暴行；狂热，激情
violent adj. violently adv.
14.conflict n.（军事）冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 vi. 冲突，抵触
conflict with…= in conflict with… 和…冲突
come into conflict with… 与…产生矛盾
These results ____ ____ ____ ____(与...冲突)earlier findings.
The violence was the result of political and cultural _________（冲突）.
John often ______ ______ _____ ______（与...产生矛盾） his boss.
15.civil adj. 国民的；国家的；民事的（前定）
civilian n. 平民; 老百姓 civil rights民权
civil war 内战 civil servant公务员
16.*status n.身份，地位；状况，情形
辨:statue_______
17.wear and tear（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗
When you calculate the value of the car, you must allow for ____ ____ ____（磨损）.
18.internal adj. 内部的；国内的
反义词: external adj. 外部的，外面的
辨：eternal adj. ______________
A wedding ring is a symbol of eternal love.
19.outcome n.结果，效果
20. *reef n.礁，礁脉
辨：relief ________ belief_______
21.*coral n.珊瑚 adj.珊瑚色的
珊瑚礁_______
22.ecology n. 生态，生态学
ecological adj. 生态的，生态学的 ecologist n. 生态学家; 生态保护者
ecosystem n. 生态系统
石油污染可能会破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态。
Oil pollution could damage the fragile ______ of the coral reefs.
These actions have greatly affected the________ _________(生态平衡).
23.agenda n. 计划，方案；议程表，议事日程
be on the agenda 提上日程
at the top of the agenda 当务之急
对政府来说，教育现在是首要任务。
选举将列入议程。
For the government, education is now at the top of the agenda.
The election will be on the agenda.
24.*pagoda n.佛塔
25.nail n. 钉子；指甲 vt. 固定
nail sb. down (to sth.) 达成一致；确定某事
nail sth. to 用钉子将…固定到（墙上、柱子上等）
I nailed the sign to a tree.
她说要来，但我无法让她敲定具体什么时候来。
She says she'll come, but I can’t _________________to a specific time.
26.panel n. 专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘
a panel of experts 专家组
a control/ display panel控制/显示面板
The battery is charged by a solar panel .
27.specialist n. 专家；专科医生 adj. 专业的
specialize（=specialise） v. 专门研究; 使专门化
specialize in 专攻
a specialist in ... 在...方面的专家
他专攻刑法。 He specialized in criminal law.
28.assess vt. 评估，评定；估算
assessment n. 评定；估价
It’s difficult to ____ ____ ____ ____(评估影响) these changes.
辨1：access________
the access to the farmhouse
Students must have access to good resources.
The loft can be accessed by a ladder(梯子).
辨2：possess__________ possession__________
29.collapse vi. 倒塌，坍塌；昏倒 n. 昏倒；倒塌
She was taken to hospital after her collapse at work.
The unexpected rainstorm caused the collapse of the roof.
同义：昏倒______ _______ 或_________
30.consultation n. 咨询，商讨；就诊
consult v. 查阅；商量；请教;向...咨询
consultant n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医生
consult sb about sth 向某人咨询 （to go to sb for information or advice）
consult with sb about sth 与某人商量（to discuss sth. with sb to get their permission for sth, or to help you make a decision）
Could you tell us some details about the ___________（consult）
_____ (咨询)your doctor about how much exercise you should get.
I have to _____ (协商)with the manager about the matter.
31.suspend vt. 暂停；悬，挂
suspension n. 悬浮；暂停；停职
suspense n. 悬念
suspend sb (from sth) 使暂时停职（或停学等）
Tom is suspended from school for a week for bad conduct.
A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.
Grammar & Integrated skills
32.division n. 分歧；分开，分割
divide v. （使）分开；使分离；使产生分歧
be divided into... 被分成...
divide sth among/ between sb 把某物分配给某人
There are ______ _______(深的分歧)in the party over the war.
Let’s _______ ourselves _____ （分成）several groups.
______ （使分开）the sauce(酱汁) ______ 4 bowls.
33.*dam n. 水坝
34.architect n. 建筑师；设计师
architecture n. 建筑学；建筑风格
35.operator n. 操作人员，技工；接线员
operate vi. 运转；动手术;起作用 vt. 操作；经营
operation n. 操作；经营；手术
perform an operation on... 做手术
Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.
He is explaining how a machine _______（运转）.
We will have to ______ ______ （动手术）his eyes.
36.incident n. 事件；冲突
When exactly did the incident occur
The Lugouqiao Incident broke out in 1937.
辨析：
event 历史上的重大事件或比赛项目
incident 小事件或政治上具有影响的事件或事变
accident 强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情
37.cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合
co-这个词根在英语中表示“共同”,“一起”的意思
cooperate vi. 合作，配合；协力
cooperative adj. 合作的；协作的
cooperate with… 与…合作
be in cooperation with sb. 与…合作
Thank you very much for your cooperation.
This TV series is produced _______ _______ _______（与...合作）Hong Kong TV.
He is willing to ________ ________（与...合作） the people who are ___________（合作的）.
38.forecast vt.（forecast, forecast; forecasted, forecasted）预测，预报
n. 预测，预报
专家预测经济将复苏。
Experts are ________（forecast）a recovery in the economy.
同义词: predict v.预测;预报;预言;预告
foresee v. 预见;预知
39.interrupt vt. 打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断
vi. 打扰，插嘴
interruption n. 中断；干扰
be interrupted by... 被…打断
比赛因下雨而中断了好几次。
The game ______ ______ several times ______ rain.
Don't interrupt me when I am busy.
近义短语：插嘴 break_____
40.conservation n. 保护；保持
conserve vt. 保存；保护
conservative adj. 保守的; 守旧的
conservationist n. （自然环境等）保护主义者
辨：conversation n. __________
近年来，环境保护一直是一个热门话题。
______________________(环境保护) has been a hot topic in recent years.
我们不会破坏城市保护区。
We do not ruin urban ______ ______.
41.motion n. 提议；运动；动作
motionless adj. 静止的；不运动的
put forward a motion 提议
Newton's laws of motion 牛顿的运动定律
motion、move与movement这些名词都有“运动”之意。
（1）motion : 指不处于静止状态而在移动的过程中，强调运动本身，而不涉及其动因。
The violent motion of the ship upset his stomach.
（2）move : 着重开始的行动或变化。
She held the gun to his head and said, "One move and you're dead!"
（3）movement : 通常抽象地指有规则的动作或定向运动，有时特指政治性的运动。
He made a sudden movement and frightened the bird away.
辨：emotion_________ 提议，动议_________
42.vote vt. & vi. 投票，表决 n. 选票；投票
vote for/ against 投票赞成/ 反对
vote on sth 对...进行表决
你投了赞成票还是反对票？
Did you ____ ____ ____ ____her
国会明天将对这些提案进行投票。
Congress will ____ _____ _____ ______ tomorrow.
选票计数错误。The ____ were miscounted.
43.canal n. 运河 the Grand Canal 京杭大运河
44.*migration n. 迁徙，迁移，移居
migrate vi. 迁徙；移居
migrant n. 移民;移居者
immigration n. 移民入境
emigration n. 移民出境
45.*legacy n. 遗产
They each received a legacy of 500000 yuan.
同义词：遗产________
46.splendour (AmE splendor) n. 壮丽，雄伟
splendorous adj. 华丽的
派生词：壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的________
47.reserve n. 自然保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留
reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
preserve vt. 保护; 维持;保存
a nature reserve 自然保护区
reserve sth 预订...
without reservation 毫无保留
make a reservation 预订
I'd like to reserve a table for three.
We will accept your advice without reservation.
I'll call the restaurant and make a reservation.
辨：conserve_________
48.basin n. 盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域
49.intense adj. 很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的；激烈的
intensely adv. 强烈地
intensity n. 强度；强烈
激烈的竞争/ 强烈的信念
intense competition/ belief
热切的神情an intense look
be intense about 对…热心
他对一切都很热心。
______________________________________
The children listen with _______ _______(浓厚兴趣).
辨：intend_______ extend________ intent __________
50.primitive adj. 简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的
原始本能primitive instinct
原始人primitive man
51.humble vt. 使感到谦卑 adj. 谦卑的;卑微的
be humbled by 被击败的，感到谦卑的
humbly adv. 谦逊地；卑贱地
humbleness n. 谦逊；卑贱；粗鄙
humbling adj. 令人羞辱的
Tom was humbled by her generosity.
The world champion was humbled last night in three rounds.
辨：hurdle______ handle________
Extended reading
52.*corridor n.走廊，地带；通道
53.pursue vt. 追求，致力于，执行；追逐
pursuit n. 追赶，追求
Do you have the courage to pursue your dreams
我们准备坚决贯彻这项政策。
We intend to ______this policy with determination.
54.submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服 （submitted-submitted )
submission n. 投降, 屈服; 提交
submit sth to sb 把某物提交给某人
submit to 屈服于...
submit oneself to sb/sth 顺从；屈服...
They submitted the plan to the manager.
The students must ______ _______ ______ （顺从）the disciplines at school.
同义短语：提交 ______ _______
辨：permit_________ commit__________
55.emerge vi. 出现；暴露；露头
emergence n. 出现，浮现；发生；露头
emerge from 自…出现；从…显露出来
emergency n.突发事件，紧急情况;<美>急诊室;急症(病人);adj.紧急的;应急的
No new evidence emerged during the investigation.
The rabbit will not emerge from its hole while you are there.
56.assign vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定
assignment n. 分配；任务；作业
assign sb sth/ assign sth to sb分配（某物）；布置（工作、任务等）
assign sb to sth 指定/指派某人某工作
The teacher assigned each student a different task.
They've assigned their best man to the job.
辨：sign a contract______________
57.take shape 成形，有了模样
The new building is beginning to take shape.
The pool is in the shape of a heart._________（中文释义）
The old actor is still in good shape._________（中文释义）
He's taking lots of exercise to get into shape._________（中文释义）
58.string n. 一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦
a string of 一系列，一串
59.wool n. 毛织物；羊毛
woolen adj. 羊毛的
60.cotton n. 棉织物；棉，棉花
61.cave n. 山洞，洞穴
辨：carve__________
62. *Buddhist adj.佛教的 n.佛教徒 Buddhism n. 佛教
Buddhist adj. 佛教的 n. 佛教徒 Buddha佛祖
63.expansion n. 扩展，扩大，膨胀
expand v. 扩张；使膨胀；详述
expand on/ upon sth　详述；详细阐明
Despite the recession (经济衰退) the company is confident of further ___________（扩大）.
I will ________ _______ （详述）this problem next time.
金属受热会膨胀。Metals _________ when they are heated.
I owned a bookshop and desired to _______（扩大） the business.
64.initiative n. 倡议，新方案；主动性
do sth. on one’s own initiative 主动做某事
Belt and Road(一带一路) Initiative has a very positive effect on the world.
他主动学习。
He studies ______ ______ ______ _____.
同义词：建议，提议，动议，求婚____________ 方案______
65.milestone n.重要阶段，里程碑
66.equator n. 赤道
67.showcase n.展示的场合；玻璃 柜台
68. elsewhere adv.在（或去）别处
69.entry n. 进入；参与，加入；参赛
make an entry into 进入，加入
The thief made a violent entry into the house.
70.fee n.费；报酬
71.ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 (banned, banned) n. 禁令
ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事
a ban on sth 对...的禁令
He ______ ______ _____ ______(禁驾) for three years.
There is _____ _____ _____ ____ (禁烟)in petrol stations.
同义词：(尤指以法令)禁止，阻止___________