广东省河源市2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次质量检测英语试题（含答案）

2024~2025学年第一学期第一次质量检测
高二英语
考生注意：
1.满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
3.本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1—Unit 2。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel
A. In 1944． B. In 1967． C. In 1974． D. In 1980．
2. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3 What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work.
D. The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize.
B
Zach Conti, who is a student in Eastern Michigan University and joined the football team as a walk-on (临时队员) in 2020, has worked at several part-time jobs to pay for his education. Now he won’t have to anymore.
“Football is something I really love, so ever since I got to school, I’ve had to do whatever it takes to stay here and stay in a good position with my studies and football,” Conti said. “I have to do many jobs, but when you really want something, you won’t feel bored.”
While Conti’s teammates would see him going to or coming back to work, they were very supportive. But Conti still had trouble paying for his education and his mother’s medical bills. He was planning on leaving the university.
Brian Dooley, who would get a scholarship, couldn’t see that happen and decided to help his teammate. He told head coach Chris Creighton about the thing. Creighton went to see if an additional scholarship could be given out. The school allowed the team to give out five scholarships and another one was not allowed. Then Dooley went to the coach with a special request.
“Brian Dooley comes into my office,” Creighton said during a team meeting on August 3. “And he says, ‘Coach, Conti should get a scholarship. And I’ve talked this over with my family. And if there’s a way to make this happen, I am willing to give up my scholarship as a gift to Conti.’” That’s when Dooley walked over to Conti and handed him an envelope with the scholarship inside.
Dooley explained the reason for helping his teammate “I did it because I’ve seen Conti grow over the long time. It would be a great pity if he walked away from something that he loves. He works so hard. In my eyes, he should get it 100 percent.”
4. How was Conti’s life in the university
A. Boring. B. Carefree. C. Challenging. D. Valueless.
5. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. A poor mother’s falling sick. B. Conti’s doing part-time jobs.
C. The team’s laughing at Conti. D. Conti’s dropping out of school.
6. How did Dooley help Conti
A. He advised his school to collect money for Conti.
B. He requested his coach to give his scholarship to Conti.
C. He managed to apply for another scholarship for Conti.
D. He asked his family to pay for Conti’s school education.
7. What do Dooley’s words in the last paragraph show
A. Conti needs to work harder. B. He enjoys working with Conti.
C. He plays football better than Conti. D. Conti is worthy of the scholarship.
C
The language Centers first Trivia Night tested students' knowledge on different languages and their histories last Friday at Douglass commons.
"We have decided to conduct this event when the weather is bad so that students who have nowhere to go and stay on campus can come and find a comfortable shelter during a cold winter day," Language Center Director, Teresa Valdez said. According to Valdez, the idea for Trivia night came a year ago from a junior and team-member called Elizabeth de Los Reyes. The event engaged students' interest in languages and showed the high-quality services that the Language Center provides.
Participants competed in small groups that each represented a different language and country. There were five teams in total: Russia, China, Japan, Spain and France. The competition consisted of four rounds with each round consisting of three questions relating to the following topics literature, language, geography, culture and history.
After a few warm-up questions about how people greet each other in different languages, what continent Turkey is found in, and who is the first man to fly to the moon, the questions became increasingly difficult. Each round offered an increasing amount of points a team could receive. The final question was worth 20 points. If a team did not answer it correctly, the points were taken from the total.
In the meantime, students enjoyed pizza, snacks, and drinks while sharing their linguistic (语言的) interest. Most of the participants knew two or three languages. Others knew more, such as first-year Bartek Jezierski from Poland, who can speak English, Polish, German, Spanish, and Russian.
The winners from first to third place were France, Japan and Russia respectively. All five teams were given some prizes—a blue shopping bag, a cup and stuffed toys. However, students believed the most important prize of the evening was the process of the competition—how students from diverse backgrounds and cultures were able to participate in a friendly competition, and shared their mutual (相互的) love of languages.
8. What is one of the purposes of Trivia Night？
A. To attract students to learn languages.
B. To help the students suffering from coldness.
C. To collect opinions from the students on its services.
D. To select the best students for the Language center.
9. How many questions were there in the competition in total？
A. 3 B. 4. C. 12. D. 20.
10. Which of the following can best describe the atmosphere of the competition？
A. Quiet. B. Relaxing. C. romantic. D. Depressing.
11. What did students value most in the competition？
A. Some snacks and drinks.
B. Various prizes for winners.
C. The course of the competition.
D. The services provided by the language center.
D
Advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled authentic-sounding speech synthesis (语音合成) to the point that a person can no longer distinguish whether they are talking to another human or a deepfake (深度伪造). If a person’s own voice is “cloned” by a third party without their agreement, bad guys can use it to send any message they want.
Computer scientist and engineer Ning Zhang has developed a new method to prevent unauthorized speech synthesis before it takes place: a tool called AntiFake.
Traditional deepfake detection methods only work after the damage is done. However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. This tool turns the tables on cybercriminals (网络罪犯) by using similar voice cloning techniques they employ, but for voice protection. The software complicates voice data extraction and feature identification crucial for voice synthesis. “We’re using an opposite AI technique originally used by cybercriminals, but now we’re using it against them,” Zhang explained. “We slightly change the recorded audio, just enough to make it unusable for voice clone training while still sounding natural to humans.”
Ben Zhao, a professor of computer science at University of Chicago, says that the software, like all digital security systems, will never provide complete protection. But, he adds that it can raise the bar and limit the attack to a smaller group of individuals with significant resources.
AntiFake can already protect shorter voice recordings against cloning. The creators of the tool believe that it could be extended to protect larger audio documents or music from misuse. But the methods and tools that are developed must be continuously adapted because cybercriminals will learn and grow with them.
12. What is the primary purpose of AntiFake
A. To improve the quality of synthetic speech. B. To clone voices without the owner’s approval.
C. To detect deepfakes after they have been created. D. To stop unapproved speech generation from happening.
13. How does AntiFake differ from these traditional methods
A. It prevents audio deepfakes in advance. B. It cannot detect deepfakes until created.
C. It only works on short voice recordings. D. It relies on human listeners to identify deepfakes.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Developers should focus on short voice recordings.
B. The battle against deepfakes requires ongoing efforts.
C. AntiFake is ineffective against advanced cloning techniques.
D. AntiFake provides permanent solutions to the deepfake threat.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. The Future of Voice Technology. B. A Method for Detecting AI Deepfakes.
C. The Challenge of Telling Human Voices. D. A Tool to Keep AI from Stealing Your Voice.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs of Healthy Friendships
Once in a while it’s helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be. You might get used to a friendship over time to the point where you don’t see the room for improvement. And since great friendships are priceless, you should always surround yourself with the kind of people who will lift your spirits, make you laugh, and remind (提醒) you that you are loved. ____16____ Here are characteristics (特征) that strong friendships share.
____17____
Friends make you feel comfortable with yourself, so you don’t need to act like someone you’re not. Your friends know your shortcomings and love you anyway. You are perhaps the “best version” of yourself when you’re with your friends.
A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty. True friends won’t pretend just to avoid an argument (争论). ____18____ As a result, you’ll know where you stand with your friends and won’t be afraid to share your true opinions.
They argue in a healthy way.
One of the biggest misunderstandings about good friends is that they never fight. But let’s face it everyone fights. ____19____ In fact, voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that’s okay.
Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else, too.
____20____ That’s why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them. A healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart, and that’s okay.
A Arguing isn’t unhealthy.
B. Is your friendship as healthy as it can be
C. Good friends dine out together from time to time.
D. Good friends are real and honest with each other.
E. With an unhealthy friendship, you know clearly that something is “off”.
F. Even if you have the best friend, it doesn’t hurt to expand your social circle.
G. In a positive friendship, your friends won’t lie to you, and they won’t hurt your feelings either.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is a ____21____ city, with more people living in it than in my whole country. We rented a flat in a guarded community, but there was a favela (棚户区) quite ____22____.
For several months I didn't have a car, so three times a week, I took buses to go to the city centre. During these ____23____, I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the favela to go to work. When I got on the bus, all the seats were already ____24____. But when people saw that my bag was heavy, they offered to hold it on their legs to make me feel lighter ____25____. At first, I was ____26____. Then I realized that these people had absolutely no ____27____ to steal from me: they only wanted to ____28____.
Once, on my way back, I had to ____29____ for a long time at a bus stop. I was alone, except for a woman who was _____30_____ very poor. She carried a small paper bag of popcorn and nothing else.
While we were waiting she walked over and _____31_____ me some popcorn. I _____32_____ her, but didn't want to help myself to it. She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was clearly her only food.
That was the first time I had thought about how people who have almost nothing are sometimes able to _____33_____ the little they have more "_____34_____ "than those who own a lot. I wonder if it's true that the more you have, the bigger the difficulty to share anything with others. I was so moved by that woman's simple generosity that day. I clearly _____35_____ more than she did, but she naturally and joyfully shared what little she had with me.
21. A. strange B. beautiful C. huge D. warm
22. A. noisy B. similar C. crowded D. near
23. A. experiences B. trips C. holidays D. weekends
24. A. checked B. given C. taken D. emptied
25. A. sitting B. standing C. walking D. carrying
26. A. disappointed B. doubtful C. grateful D. satisfied
27. A. intention B. patience C. chance D. way
28. A. help B. leave C. greet D. change
29. A. look B. ask C. wait D. sit
30. A. obviously B. hardly C. usually D. especially
31. A. bought B. offered C. sold D. made
32. A. thanked B. refused C. visited D. promised
33. A. sell B. need C. share D. appreciate
34. A. anxiously B. politely C. skillfully D. easily
35. A. spent B. won C. got D. had
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s well known that March 12th is China’s annual National Tree Planting Day. On this day, people throughout China, will take spades and buckets (铲子和水桶) as well as young trees, and go out ____36____ (green) their hometowns.
As a matter ____37____ fact, China’s Tree Planting Day could date back to a proposal ____38____ (make) by Sun Yat-sen (孙中山) (1866—1925) and Qingming Festival (April 5th) was adopted (采纳) as Tree Planting Day then. However, April 5th was a late time for tree-planting in Southern China, so it was changed to March 12th in honour of Sun Yat-sen, ____39____ passed away on March 12th.
In February 1979, the 5th National People’s Congress of People’s Republic of China ____40____ (announce) that March 12th would be taken as Tree Planting Day, requiring the whole country to carry out tree planting ____41____ (activity) on March 12th.
In recent years the tradition of tree-planting in the spring ____42____ (observe) by Chinese people. For those living in the big cities, National Tree Planting Day is ____43____ unique moment for city skipping. ____44____ (apparent), it is convenient for people to have access to nature with their family members. After their fieldwork together, they get much ____45____ (satisfy) from better environment. They also harvest closer family relations as well as enthusiasm for the future.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将在下周六上午邀请著名宇航员Mr. Yang来做一场关于太空探索的讲座。请你给你的留学生朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.邮件的目的；
2.讲座介绍；
3.你的期待。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The class was over. Karl was delighted that he had created a very satisfying work. So he walked to the back of the classroom to put his work away carefully. There, lying on the carpet in front of the classroom bookcase, was a golden ticket! Karl picked it up. His heart beat faster when he saw that the name line was blank(空白的). He couldn’t believe his luck!
The boys and girls in Karl’s class could earn golden tickets by doing well in their study or by being extra helpful or kind. Once a week their teacher drew a ticket out of a box on her desk and let the winner choose a prize.
Today was the golden ticket drawing, and here was another ticket, just for him! Karl looked around. No one else was near the ticket. All his classmates were at their desks, laughing and talking with each other. Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in the morning.
Karl decided to write his name on the blank line. Then he could put it into the prize box with the six tickets he’d already earned. With so many chances, one of his tickets would most likely be picked! Then he could choose the pink toy pig for his sister’s birthday, just like he had been hoping.
He smiled and reached for the pencil in his pocket. Suddenly his fingers stopped. There was a strange feeling in his chest, and it wasn’t his heartbeat. “Finders are keepers, right ”, he wondered. He looked out of the window and tried to figure it out. On the one hand, he did find the ticket, but he hadn’t earned it. Somebody must have lost it. But on the other hand, he did need this extra ticket for his great plan!
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Karl looked at the blank name line for a moment.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“Karl, I intend to give you another ticket!” Miss Evans said.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024~2025学年第一学期第一次质量检测
高二英语
考生注意：
1.满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
3.本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1—Unit 2。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
B
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
C
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C
D
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. to green
37. of 38. made
39. who 40. announced
41. activities
42. has been observed
43. a 44. Apparently
45. satisfaction
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Chris,
I am writing to invite you to attend an inspiring lecture about space exploration which is given by Mr. Yang, a famous astronaut, at 9 o’clock next Saturday morning.
In the lecture, Mr. Yang will talk about his space dream, his preparation for the space exploration, his journey to space and his thoughts over the unusual experience. He may show amazing pictures and videos taken in space. In the end, there will be an opportunity for us to ask questions.
As a space travel lover, I think you will not miss the chance. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【47题答案】
【答案】Karl looked at the blank name line for a moment. He knew his plan wouldn’t be so great if he won with a ticket that didn’t belong to him. So he walked up to his teacher. “Miss Evans, I happened to find this ticket on the floor near the bookcase. I think the one who lost it will look for it. And these are mine,” he said, his six tickets into the box. When he turned around to leave, the teacher stopped him.
“Karl, I intend to give you another ticket!” Miss Evans said. Karl was amazed and wondered why. Miss Evans smiled and signed to the class to quiet down, “Karl handed in the golden ticket he had just found. I think he is honest and deserves another one!” The class burst into loud applause. Karl happily went back to his seat, eagerly expecting the ticket drawing. He still wanted his name to be picked, but he would feel OK even if it wasn’t. After all, making the right choice did make him feel great!