寒假提升第十讲 连词的用法-【寒假分层训练】2025年七年级英语（冀教版）

第10讲 连词的用法
【转化和合成】
构词法指的是一种词形变化的现象或规则。 初中阶段英语涉及的构词法主要有转化法、合成法和派生法（前缀和后缀）。
转 化 法：
英语中，把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 常见的有：
（1）名词→动词 rain 雨 → rain 下雨
（2）形容词→动词 clean 干净的 → clean 打扫
（3）形容词→名词 daily 日常的 → daily 日报
（4）动词→名词 cook 烹饪 → cook 厨师
（5）副词→动词 down 向下 → down 击倒
合 成 法：
合成法，即把两个独立的单词合成新词。 合成法可以构成名词、动词、形容词等。
（1）名词 + 名词 class + room → classroom 教室
（2）副词 + 动词 over + come → overcome 克服
（3）名词 + 形容词 home + sick → homesick 想家的
（4）形容词 + 名词 black + board → blackboard 黑板
（5）介词 + 名词 in + side → inside 里面
（6）动词+名词 bath + room→bathroom浴室
（7）名词 + 动名词 hand + writing → handwriting 书法
（8）数词 + 名词 + 形容词 five + year + old → five-year-old 五岁大的
（9）名词 + 动词过去分词 man + made → man-made 人工制造的
（10）名词+动词 sleep+walk→sleepwalk梦游
（11）不定代词 + 名词 every + thing→everything 每件事
【派生法】
派 生 法：派生法，又叫词缀法，即在一个单词前或后加上前缀或后缀，构成新的单词。
前 缀 例 词
表示“否定” un- 形容词 happy → unhappy 不高兴的 lucky → unlucky 不幸的
副词 luckily → unluckily 不幸地
dis- 形容词 honest → dishonest 不诚实的
动词 appear → disappear 消失
名词 comfort → discomfort 不舒适
表示“否定” mis- 动词 understand → misunderstand 误解
im- 形容词 possible → impossible 不可能的
in- formal → informal 非正式的
ir- regular → irregular 不规则的
表示“重复” re- 动词 build → rebuild 重建
表示“使” en- 动词 large → enlarge 扩大
后 缀 例 词
名词后缀 -er read → reader 读者
-or act → actor 演员
-ress wait→waitress 女服务员
China → Chinese 中国人
-an America → American 美国人
-ist piano → pianist 钢琴家
名词后缀 -ment disappoint → disappointment 失望
-ion graduate → graduation 毕业
-ship friend → friendship 友谊
-hood child → childhood 童年
-th warm → warmth 温暖
-dom wise → wisdom 智慧
-ing write → writing 写作
-ness good → goodness 善良
形容词后缀 -able/-ible comfort → comfortable 舒适的 sense → sensible 明智的
-al education → educational 有教育意义的
-ic/-cal history → historic 有历史意义的 medicine → medical 医疗的
-ish fool → foolish 愚蠢的
-ful care → careful 小心的
-less care → careless 粗心的
-ly love → lovely 可爱的
-en wood → wooden 木制的
形容词后缀 -y sleep → sleepy 困倦的
-ous danger → dangerous 危险的
-ed bore → bored 感到无聊的
-ing interest → interesting 令人感兴趣的
副词后缀 -ly bad → badly 糟糕地
-ward(s) north → northward(s) 朝北
动词后缀 -en deep → deepen 加深
一、单项选择
1．The suffix(后缀) “-less” in the word “endless” means ________.
A．full of B．out of C．with D．without
2．Which of the following prefixes(前级) means “No”
A．en- B．co- C．over- D．dis-
3．The wedding dress is inexpensive but well-made. In the word inexpensive, the in- means________.
A．very B．more C．not D．less
4．---I want to be ______.What should I do
---First, you must keep ______every day.
A．health;happy B．unhealthy;happily C．healthy;happy D．health;happily
5．We will have a ________ holiday during the spring festival.
A．10 days B．10-day C．10-days D．10 day
6．Kate is only a ________ girl, but she can play the piano well.
A．6-years-old B．6-year-olds C．6-year-old D．6 years old
7．We’ll have a ________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake
A．two days B．two-days C．two-days’ D．two days’
8．We can add the suffix “ly” to ________ to form an adjective.
A．bad B．friend C．usual D．real
9．Which of the following words is created in the same way as “blackboard”
A．impolite B．careless C．British D．pancake
10．Which of the following words is formed the same way as the word “roommate”
A．carelessness B．unhappiness C．homesick D．achievement
二、单词拼写
11．It is still a wonderful film and I recommend it. (strong)
12．Unluckily, he was told that the doors had been installed . (correct)
13．My brother is a good basketball . He plays basketball in the school team. (play)
14．All these interesting experiments can our knowledge.（wide）
15．I’m not a (cook), but I am interested in (cook).
三、完形填空
Dale comes from England. He is a 16 of Britain Middle School. He goes to school five days a week, from Monday to 17 . He studies hard at school. So he is very 18 every day.
But today Dale is very happy, because it is Monday. For many students, Monday is boring (无聊的) because they have to go to school. They can’t go to 19 places and they can’t watch TV. But for Dale, he likes Monday. 20 Monday, Dale has PE. It is Dale’s favorite 21 . The PE teacher Mr. Liu, is very good. He always plays games with students on the playground. And he always has ways to make his classes interesting, 22 Dale likes Monday very much.
But for Alan, an American boy from Sunset Middle School, it is different. Thursday is his 23 day. On that day, they have 24 . From the class, he can learn more about different countries.
Do you know what 25 Jim likes best It’s Friday. Because the next day is Saturday! What about you
16．A．friend B．student C．teacher
17．A．Friday B．Thursday C．Wednesday
18．A．tidy B．fun C．busy
19．A．great B．clean C．helpful
20．A．On B．In C．At
21．A．show B．subject C．sport
22．A．so B．because C．and
23．A．new B．last C．favorite
24．A．science B．geography C．math
25．A．class B．time C．day
四、阅读理解
Students in China have different school lives. How about students in other countries Let’s have a look.
Amelia Gonzalez, 12, The American School Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
Every morning I get to school at 7:15. The first class starts at 7:45. It is 1 hour and 15 minutes long. Between classes, we have a 5-minute break (休息). After the first class, I go to the homeroom (年级大教室) to read some books. At 10:00, I walk to the second class. Then the third class is at 11:20. After lunch, I have the last class. Then I go home and do my homework.
Chelsea Wang, 13, Barker College, Hornsby, Australia
My day starts with the first class at 9:45. Every kid can have four to six subjects. We go to different classrooms for different subjects. Our classes in school finish at 3:15. We can also go to clubs. After finishing my homework, I go to bed at 9:45.
Niu Hanliang, 15, Western Boarding schools Association, the US
My classes start at 8:30. From Mondays to Wednesdays, we have four classes in the morning. After that, we have two more classes. At 3:00, classes finish. I go to clubs. Then it’s dinner time. After diner, I do my homework until 9:00. We only have three classes on Thursdays and Fridays, so we have more time for clubs and sports.
26．How many classes does Amelia have in the morning at school
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
27．Where does Chelsea have her classes
A．In the homeroom. B．In the same classroom. C．In different classrooms.
28．When does Niu Hanliang have more time for clubs
A．On Sundays. B．On Mondays. C．On Thursdays.
29．What can we know about the three students
A．They have homework to do.
B．Their first classes start at 7:45.
C．They have lunch and dinner at school.
30．What is the best title (标题) of the passage
A．New Friends. B．Interesting Clubs. C．Different School lives.
五、短文填空
There is 31 big zoo in my town. I often go there with my parents on the weekend. It’s about thirteen kilometers from my home to the zoo. And it often 32 (take) my father about twenty minutes to drive there. To get there earlier, I 33 /′ :lwe z/ eat very quickly. Then we leave home 34 eight thirty.
I like pandas so much. They are one of China’s symbols. They are very 35 (friend). Pandas are in danger (濒危的), 36 we must save them.
My parents and I are 37 (watch) the panda in the zoo. He eats lots of bamboo. He’s 38 (real) smart. He climbs trees fast.
There are a lot of 39 (rule) in the zoo. I follow them, so I watch animals quietly and never 40 /fi:d/ them.
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D D C C B C D B D C
题号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
答案 B A C A A B A C B C
题号 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B C C A C
1．D
【详解】句意：在单词“endless”里的后缀“less”的意思是没有。
考查派生词辨析。full of充满；out of自……离开；with有；without没有。根据“endless无止尽的”可知，less意思是没有。故选D。
2．D
【详解】句意：下列哪个前缀表示“不”？
考查构词法。en-置于……之中；co-和……一起； over-太，过于；dis-不。D项表否定，如dislike“不喜欢”，disagree“不同意”等。故选D。
3．C
【详解】句意：这件结婚礼服不贵，但做工很好。在“便宜”这个词里，in-的意思是“不”。
考查构词法。very非常；more更多；not不；less很少。根据单词构词法可知，前缀in是“不”的意思，表达否定意义。故选C。
4．C
【详解】句意：—我想要健康。我应该做什么？—首先，你必须每天保持快乐。
考查形容词。health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词；unhealthy不健康的，形容词；happy快乐的，形容词；happily快乐地，副词。第一个空，根据系动词be可知，用形容词构成系表结构，故排除A和D；第二个空，keep+形容词"保持某种状态"固定搭配，用形容词happy，故排除B，故选C。
5．B
【详解】句意：春节期间我们将有10天的假期。
考查复合形容词。基数词可与名词构成复合形容词表示时间、距离、度量等，名词一般用单数，中间用连接符“-”连接，排除C选项；D项语法错误，因为10后面需接复数名词；A项10 days是名词短语“十天”，和holiday不搭配，可排除。10-day意为“十天的”，作定语修饰holiday。故选B。
6．C
【详解】句意：凯特只是一个6岁大的女孩，但是她弹钢琴弹得非常好。
考查复合形容词。此处作定语，修饰名词girl，用形容词，数词-单数可数名词-形容词，six-year-old表示“6岁的”，是形容词，6 years old“6岁”，是名词短语，故选C。
7．D
【详解】句意：我们将要有两天的假期。去西湖怎么样？
考查复合形容词和名词所有格作定语。two days两天，名词短语，一般作表语；B和C形式错误，正确形式是two-day两天的，复合形容词，一般作定语；two days’两天的，名词所有格，修饰名词作定语。空格处修饰名词holiday，作定语，可知填形容词或名词所有格，由此可知填two days’。故选D。
【点睛】a two days’ holiday = a two-day holiday两天的假期。
8．B
【详解】句意：我们可以在friend后面加上后缀“ly”来构成形容词。
考查词性转换。bad坏的，形容词；friend朋友，名词；usual通常的，形容词；real真的，形容词。名词friend后面加上ly可以构成形容词，其他加ly构成副词。故选B。
9．D
【详解】句意：下面哪个单词是用与“blackboard”相同的方式创造出来的？
考查构词法。impolite属于加前缀派生；careless属于加后缀派生；British属于转化所得；pancake属pan与cake合成。题干中blackboard是black与board两个词合成的，pancake与其构词法一致。故选D。
10．C
【详解】句意：下列哪个单词与“roommate”的构词方式相同？
考查构词方式。carelessness是由“careless” 加上名词后缀 “-ness” 构成的派生词；unhappiness 是由“happy” 加前缀“un-”并加名词后缀 “-ness” 构成的派生词；roommate由两个名词“room”和“mate”构成的合成词；achievement 是由动词“achieve”加名词后缀 “-ment” 形成的派生词。“roommate” 是由两个名词 “room” 和 “mate” 组合在一起构成合成词，所以homesick与其构词方式相同。故选C。
11．strongly
【详解】句意：这仍然是一部很棒的电影，我强烈推荐它。strong“强烈的”，此处用其副词形式修饰动词recommend。故填strongly。
12．incorrectly
【详解】句意：不幸的是，他被告知门的安装不正确。分析句子结构，此空填副词修饰动词“installed”，且句首为“Unluckily不幸的是”，因此“门的安装是不正确的”，“correct正确的”要加反义词前缀“in”。故填incorrectly。
13．player
【详解】句意：我哥哥是一个很好的篮球运动员。他在校队打篮球。根据“a good basketball”和“He plays basketball in the school team.”可知，这里表示他是一个篮球运动员，其名词形式为player“运动员”，a后用单数。故填player。
14．widen
【详解】句意：所有这些有趣的实验可以扩大我们的知识。情态动词can后跟动词原形，故形容词wide“宽的”要加后缀n变成动词widen“加宽”。故填widen。
15． cook cooking
【详解】句意：我不是厨师，但我对烹饪感兴趣。cook“v.烹调，烹饪，n.厨师，做饭的人”，由“a”可知第一空格处“cook”作名词，意为“厨师”，第二空格处“cook”作动词，意为“做饭”，be interested in “对……感兴趣”，介词in后加动名词。故填cook；cooking。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了戴尔和艾伦最喜欢的日子。
16．句意：他是英国中学的一名学生。
friend朋友；student学生；teacher老师。根据后一句“He goes to school five days a week.”可知戴尔是一名学生，故选B。
17．句意：他一周上学五天，从星期一到星期五。
Friday星期五；Thursday星期四；Wednesday星期三。根据常识，每周上学五天，从星期一到星期五，故选A。
18．句意：所以他每天都很忙。
tidy整洁的；fun有趣的；busy忙碌的。根据“He studies hard at school.”可知努力学习，所以很忙碌，故选C。
19．句意：他们不能去很棒的地方，他们不能看电视。
great极好的；clean干净的；helpful有帮助的。根据“they can’t watch TV”，可知是不能去很棒的地方，故选A。
20．句意：在星期一，戴尔有体育课。
On在……上；In在……里；At在。根据后面“Monday”可知在星期一，介词用on，故选A。
21．句意：这是戴尔最喜欢的科目。
show演出；subject科目；sport运动。根据上句“Dale has PE”可知是戴尔最喜欢的科目，故选B。
22．句意：他总是有办法使他的课有趣，所以戴尔非常喜欢星期一。
so所以；because因为；and和。根据“And he always has ways to make his classes interesting, … Dale likes Monday very much.”可知他总是有办法使他的课有趣，所以戴尔非常喜欢星期一，前后是因果关系，故选A。
23．句意：星期四是他最喜欢的一天。
new新的；last最后的；favorite最喜欢的。根据“On that day, they have… From the class, he can learn more about different countries.”及语境可知，星期四应是他最喜欢的一天，故选C。
24．句意：在那一天，他们有地理课。
science科学；geography地理；math数学。根据后一句“From the class, he can learn more about different countries.”可知是地理课，故选B。
25．句意：你知道吉姆最喜欢哪一天吗？
class课；time时间；day天。根据后一句“It’s Friday.”可知是最喜欢的一天，故选C。
26．B 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是三个来自不同国家的学生介绍自己的学校生活。
26．细节理解题。根据“The first class starts at 7:45. ... Then the third class is at 11:20. After lunch ...”可知，Amelia在早上有三节课。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“We go to different classrooms for different subjects.”可知，Chelsea去不同的教室上课。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“We only have three classes on Thursdays and Fridays, so we have more time for clubs and sports.”可知，在星期四，Niu Hanliang有更多的时间去俱乐部。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Then I go home and do my homework.”、“After finishing my homework, I go to bed at 9:45.”及“After diner, I do my homework until 9:00.”可知，三位学生都有家庭作业要做。故选A。
30．最佳标题题。本文是三个来自不同国家的学生介绍自己的学校生活。因此最佳标题为“不同的学校生活”。故选C。
31．a 32．takes 33．always 34．at 35．friendly 36．so 37．watching 38．really 39．rules 40．feed
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和家人周末去动物园观看熊猫，表达了作者对熊猫的喜爱，并且作者遵守动物园的规则。
31．句意：我的镇上有一个大动物园。此处泛指“一个大动物园”，big以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
32．句意：我父亲开车去那里通常要花大约20分钟。根据“often”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单三。故填takes。
33．句意：为了早点到达那里，我总是吃得很快。根据音标可知，此处是频度副词always“总是”。故填always。
34．句意：然后我们八点半离开家。空后“eight thirty”是时刻，用时间介词at。故填at。
35．句意：它们非常友好。此处作be动词的表语，用形容词friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。
36．句意：熊猫是处于危险中，所以我们必须拯救它们。前后是因果关系，此处表示结果，用so连接。故填so。
37．句意：我和父母正在动物园观看熊猫。此处表示正在进行的动作，用现在分词watching和be动词are构成现在进行时。故填watching。
38．句意：它非常聪明。修饰形容词smart用副词really“真地”。故填really。
39．句意：动物园里有很多规则。a lot of后加名词复数rules“规则”。故填rules。
40．句意：我遵守它们，所以我安静地观看动物，从不喂它们。根据音标可知，此处是动词原形feed“喂养”，与watch并列。故填feed。