高频词及词组 清单（讲义，表格式） 2025届高考英语一轮复习

act 短语
act sth out ① 履行(仪式) [例] The ritual of the party conference is acted out in the same way. [译] 该党的大会程序照行如仪。
② 将…表演出来 [例] The children started to act out the whole incident. [译] 孩子们开始表演整个事件。
③ 充当（真实情况中的角色） [例] She acted out the role of the wronged lover. [译] 她扮作一个受冤枉的情人。
act on/ upon sth 根据(建议、信息等)行事；(对……)有作用，有影响 [例] Why didn’t you act on her suggestion. [译] 你为什么没有按照她的建议去做呢？
act up ① 表现不好；捣乱 [例] The kids started acting up. [译] 孩子们开始调皮捣蛋起来。
② 出毛病 [例] How long has your ankle been acting up [译] 你的脚踝受伤多久了？
act for sb （受雇）代表某人行事
add 短语
add…to… 把……加到……上面 [例] If you add 5 to 5, you’ll get 10. [译] 5加5等于10。
add sth in 把…加进去；包括 [例] Remember to add in the cost of drinks. [译] 记住把饮料费加进去。
add…on (to sth) 附加；加上 [例] A service charge of 15% was added on to the bill. [译] 账单上附加了15%的服务费。
add to 增添(= increase) [例] The balloons added to the festival atmosphere. [译] 气球增加了节日的气氛。
add up ① 把……加起来 [例] Add up the numbers, and you will get 100. [译] 把这些数据加起来，你会得到100。
② 积少成多 [例] When you’re feeding a family of six the bills soon add up. [译] 你要养活一家六口，开支很快就大起来了。
③ 合乎情理；有道理 [例] His story just doesn’t add up. [译] 他说的情况根本不合情理。
add up to ① 总共(= come to/ total/ reach/ amount to) [例] His whole school education added up to no more than one year. [译] 他所受过的全部学校教育加起来仅仅一年。
② 结果是；表示 [例] These clues don’t really add up to very much. [译] 这些线索实际上说明不了什么问题。
agree 短语
agree on sth 约定；商定；达成一致意见 [例] They have agreed on the date of their marriage. [译] 他们已经把结婚的日期定了下来。
agree to sth 答应；应允；同意 [例] He agrees to the plan/ decision/ arrangement. [译] 他同意这个计划/决定/安排。
agree with ① + sb/ sth 赞同，相当于approve of [例] I don’t agree with you. [译] 我不赞同你。
② (食物)适合(某人)，通常用在not后 [例] The food here doesn’t agree with me. [译] 这里的食物不适合我。
③ 和……一致 [例] Your story agrees with what I have already heard. [译] 你的故事和我已经听到的一致。
aim 短语
aim (…) at 针对；瞄准 [例] I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake. [译] 我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
aim at/ for 力争做到 [例] We should aim for a bigger share of the market. [译] 我们应该努力争取更大的市场份额。
be aimed at 目的是；旨在 [例] These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime. [译] 这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
apologize 短语
apologize to sb for sth = make an apolgy to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 [例] I must apologize to my teacher for being late. [译] 因上课迟到，我必须向老师道歉。
argue 短语
argue with sb about/ over sth 与某人争论某事 [例] They’re arguing with each other about money. [译] 他们总是为钱吵嘴。
argue for/ against (doing) sth 为了争取/反对(做)某事而提出理由(或证据) [例] He argued against cutting the military budget. 他陈述理由反对削减军事预算。
argue sb into/ out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 [例] They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. [译] 他们说服他撤回了投诉。
back 短语
back off ① 退缩，退却（以躲避可怕或讨厌的人或事） [例] As the police approached the crowd backed off. [译] 随着警察靠近，人群往后退却。
② 停止威胁（或批评、骚扰） [例] Back off ! There’s no need to yell at me. [译] 走开点！没必要对我大喊大叫。
back off (from sth) 放弃（采取行动）；退让 [例] The government backed off from a confrontation. [译] 政府放弃抵抗。
back up ① 支持，支援；后退 [例] I’ll back you up if they don’t believe you. [译] 如果他们不相信你，我会为你作证。
② 后退；倒（车） [例] I backed the car up to the door. [译] 我把车倒到门前。
③ 给（文件、程序等）备份
back out (of sth) 退出；撒手 [例] He lost confidence and backed out of the deal. [译] 他失去了信心，在最后一刻退出了协议。
back onto sth 背向；背靠 [例] Our house backs onto the river. [译] 我们的房子背向河流。
back down (on/ from sth) 放弃（别人强烈反对的要求、主张等）；认输 [例] She refused to back down on a point of principle. [译] 她在一个原则问题上拒绝让步。
back away (from sb/sth) 躲避；避免；退避
bear 短语
bear…in mind bear in mind that… 记住（remember，keep…in mind） [例] Bear in mind that the figures vary from place to place. [译] 记住：这些数字因地而异。
bear with 耐心对待；容忍 [例] She’s under a lot of strain. Just bear with her. [译] 她承受着很大压力，对她容忍一下。
bear up (against/ under sth) 保持振作；承受；挺住 [例] He’s bearing up well under the strain of losing face. [译] 他坚强地顶住了丢脸的压力。
bear sb/ sth out 证实；为…作证 [例] The other witness will bear me out. [译] 其他证人将会为我作证。
bear on 和（某事）有关；涉及 [例] Here are facts that bear on the interest of the society. [译] 这些是关系到整个社会利益的事情。
break 短语
break away (from sb/sth) 脱离，背叛(政党，国家等，尤指再组建新的) [例] He decided to break away from the party. [译] 他决定脱离那个政党。
突然挣脱；逃脱 [例] The prisoner broke away from his guards. [译] 犯人挣脱了看守。
（尤指速度竞赛）甩掉 [例] She broke away from the pack. [译] 她甩开所有其他赛跑者。
break down (vi) ① 被搞垮；垮掉 [例] Her health broke down under the pressure of work. [译] 她因工作压力身体垮掉了。
② 失败 [例] Talks between the two sides have broken down. [译] 双方谈判失败了。
③ 出故障；坏掉 [例] We broke down on the freeway. [译] 我们的车在高速公路上抛锚了。
④ 情不自禁哭起来 [例] He broke down and wept when he heard the news. [译] 听到这个消息，他不禁失声痛哭。
⑤ 划分（以便分析）
break down (vt) ① 打倒，砸破（某物） [例] Firefighters had to break the door down. [译] 消防员不得不破门而入。
② 破坏，消除（尤指某种感情或态度） [例] Attempts must be made to break down the barriers. [译] 必须设法消除隔阂。
③ 把…分类；划分 [例] Each lesson is broken down into several units. [译] 每一课都分成几个单元。
④ 使分解；使变化 [例] Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach. [译] 糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。
break in (vi) 强行闯入（……） [例] Burglars had broken in while we were away. [译] 我们不在家时，窃贼闯进屋里了。
break in (vt) ① 训练某人/某物；培训 [例] The young horse was not yet broken in. [译] 那匹刚长成的马还没被驯服。
② 把…穿得合身，使舒服自如（尤指新鞋）
break in (on sth) 打断；搅扰 [例] She longed to break in on their conversation. [译] 她很想打断他们的谈话。
break into ① 强行闯入；撬开（汽车等） [例] We had our car broken into last week. [译] 我们的车上周被撬了。
② 突然开始（笑、唱等） [例] As boss’s car drew up, the crowd broke into loud applause. [译] 老板的车停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。
③ 突然开始（跑）；开始快跑 [例] Her horse broke into a trot. [译] 她的马突然开始加速小跑。
④ 找开（大面值钞票买小额商品） [例] I had to break into a $20 note to pay the bus fare. [译] 我只好找开一张20美金的钞票买公交车票。
⑤ 启用（应急备用品） [例] They had to break into the emergency food supplies. [译] 他们不得不动用应急食物。
⑥ 成功参与；顺利打入 [例] The company had difficulty breaking into new markets. [译] 该公司在打入新市场时遇到困难。
break off (vi) ① 断开；打断 [例] The back section of the plane had broken off. [译] 飞机尾部脱落了。
② 停顿；中断 [例] He broke off in the middle of a sentence. [译] 他一句话说了一半不说了。
break off (vt) ① 使折断 [例] She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me. [译] 她掰了一块巧克力给我。
② 突然终止 [例] They’ve broken off their engagement. [译] 他们突然解除了婚约。
break out 突然开始；爆发 [例] The Second World War broke out in September 1939. 在1939年12月，第二次世界大战爆发了。
break out (of sth) 逃离（某地）；摆脱（某状况） [例] Several prisoners broke out of the jail. [译] 几名囚犯越狱了。
break through 有新的重大发现；突破 [例] Scientists are beginning to break through in cancer. [译] 科学家在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。
break up (vi) ① 粉碎；破碎 [例] The ship broke up on the rocks. [译] 船触礁撞碎了。
② 结束 [例] Their marriage has broken up. [译] 他们的婚姻已经破裂。
③ 解散；散开 [例] The meeting broke up at eleven o’clock. [译] 会议在十一点散会。
④（学校）期终放假 [例] When do you break up for Christmas [译] 你们什么时候放假过圣诞节？
⑤ 变得虚弱；垮掉 [例] He was breaking up under the strain. [译] 过度的劳累使他快要垮掉了。
⑥ 捧腹大笑 [例] Woody Allen makes me just break up. [译] 伍迪·艾伦令我几乎笑破肚皮。
break up (vt) ① 拆开；打散 [例] Sentences can be broken up into clauses. [译] 句子可以分成从句。
② 结束（关系）；关闭（公司） [例] They decided to break up the partnership. [译] 他们决定拆伙。
③（尤指用武力）迫使放弃（某事） [例] Police were called in to break up the fight. [译] 有人叫来了警察制止打斗。
break up (with…) （同某人）绝交 [例] She’s just broken up with her boyfriend. [译] 她刚刚和男朋友分手。
break with sth 和某事终止关联；破除
bring 短语
bring sth about 引发，导致(= cause, lead to, result in, give rise to) [例] What brought about the change in his attitude [译] 是什么使他改变了态度？
bring sth back 使回忆起；使想起 [例] The photographs brought back many pleasant memories. [译] 那些照片给人带来很多美好回忆。
bring sb down ① 打垮；击败 [例] The scandal may bring down the government. [译] 那件丑闻可能使政府垮台。
② 使跌倒 [例] He was brought down in the penalty area. [译] 他在禁区被撂倒。
bring sth down ① 减少；降低 [例] We aim to bring down prices on all our computers. [译] 我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。
② 使（飞机）着陆 [例] The pilot managed to bring the plane down in a field. [译] 飞行员设法将飞机降落在一处田里。
③ 击落 [例] Twelve enemy fighters had been brought down. [译] 有十二架敌方战斗机被击落。
④ 打倒（动物）；打落（鸟） [例] He brought down the bear with a single shot. [译] 他一枪就撂倒了那头熊。
bring sb in bring in sth （使某人）赚得 [例] The sale brought them in over $2000. [译] 销售使他们赚了2000多美元。
bring sb in ① 请…做；让…参与 [例] Experts were brought in to advise the government. [译] 政府请专家们出谋划策。
② 将（某人）带到警察局询问；逮捕 [例] Two men were brought in for questioning. [译] 有两名男子被带到警察局进行讯问。
bring sb/ sth in ① 提出（新法案） [例] They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports. [译] 他们想提出一项限制武器出口的议案。
② 吸引；引入 [例] We need to bring in a lot more new business. [译] 我们得吸引更多的新业务。
③ 宣布，作出（裁决） [例] The jury brought in a verdict of guilty. [译] 陪审团作出裁决宣判有罪。
bring sth forward ① 将（…的日期或时间）提前 [例] The meeting has been brought forward from 3 May to 1 May. [译] 会议已由5月3号提前到5月1号。
② 提议；提出讨论 [例] Please bring the matter forward at the next meeting. [译] 请将这件事在下次会议上提出。
③ 把账目转入次页；承前页 [例] A credit balance of $50 was brought forward from his account. [译] 50美元的贷方余额是从他的账户转来的。
bring sth out ① 使显现；使表现出 [例] A crisis brings out the best in her. [译] 这场危机让她的才能得到最大发挥。
② 使显出；阐明 [例] That dress really brings out the color of your eyes. [译] 那件衣服果真能衬托出你眼睛的颜色。
③ 生产；出版 [例] The band have just brought out their second album. [译] 这个乐队刚刚推出了他们的第二张专辑。
bring sth off 完成，做完（艰难的工作） [例] It was a difficult task but we brought it off. [译] 那是一项艰难的工作，但我们还是完成了。
bring sth on ① 使发展，导致（通常指坏事） [例] He was suffering from stress brought on by overwork. [译] 他正苦于超负荷工作带来的压力。
② 促使（作物、水果等）成长
bring together 使……言和，和好 [例] The loss of their son brought the two of them together. [译] 丧子使他们两人重归于好。
bring…to an end 结束（end，put an end to） [例] She brought her talk to an end with a funny story. [译] 她以一个滑稽的故事结束了她的谈话。
bring sb up ① 抚养；养育；教养 [例] She brought up five children. [译] 她抚养了五个孩子。
② 使出庭受审；传讯 [例] He was brought up on a charge of drunken driving. [译] 他因酒后驾车而受到传讯。
bring sth up ① 提出（讨论等） [例] Bring it up at the meeting. [译] 将此事在会议上提出。
② 呕吐 [例] He nearly brings up his lunch. [译] 他差点把午饭吐出来。
③ 使显示在计算机屏幕上；调出 [例] Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu. [译] 单击鼠标右键，调出一个新菜单。
build 短语
build…on… 把……作为……基础（= base…on…） [例] They build their hopes on the development of their country. [译] 他们把自己的希望建立在国家发展上。
build sb/ sth up 吹捧；鼓吹 [例] The play was built up to be a masterpiece. [译] 那部戏被奉为杰作。
build sb up 增强…的体脂；使更加强壮 [例] You need more protein to build you up. [译] 你需要更多蛋白质以增强体质。
build sth up ① 创建；开发 [例] She’s built up a very successful business. [译] 她创办了一家非常成功的企业。
② 增高；加强
build up to sth 为…作准备 [例] Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam. [译] 好好准备在考试那天发挥出最高水平。
burst 短语
burst out ① 突然激动地叫 [例] “I hate you !”she burst out. [译] 我恨你，她叫嚷道。
② 突然开始（做某事） [例] Karen burst out laughing. [译] 卡伦突然大笑起来。
burst into sth 突然爆发 [例] She burst into tears. [译] 她突然大哭起来。
burst in 闯进；突然破门而入
burst in on sb/ sth 突然闯进而打断（或扰乱） [例] He burst in on the meeting. [译] 他闯进来打断了会议。
call 短语
call for sb （去）接 [例] I’ll call for you at 7 o’clock. [译] 我七点接你。
call for sth ① 需要（= need，require） [例] The trouble calls for prompt action by the government.
②（公开）要求 [例] The workers are calling for a pay rise. [译] 工人们要求加薪。
call sth forth 引起；使产生 [例] The opposition have called for him to resign. [译] 反对派已要求他辞职。
call in 打电话来(工作单位等) [例] Several people have called in sick today. [译] 今天有几个人打电话来请病假。
call sb in 叫来；召来 [例] Your father is ill. You should call in a doctor at once. 你爸爸病了，你应该立刻叫医生。
call sth in 下令收回；要求退回 [例] Cars with serious faults were called in by the manufacturers. 有严重缺陷的汽车已被制造商召回。
call sth off 取消；停止进行（= cancel） [例] The game was called off because of bad weather. 比赛因天气恶劣被取消。
call on/ upon sb ① 正式邀请，要求（某人讲话等）；恭请 [例] He called upon me to speak immediately after him.
② 请求，要求，要（某人做某事） [例] I feel called upon to warn you that… 我觉得我应该警告你…
call sth up ① 使想起，使回忆起 [例] The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood. [译] 大海的气息勾起了她对童年的回忆。
② 调用贮存；调出备用 [例] She called up her last reserves of strength. [译] 她使尽了最后一点力气。
call sb up ①（给某人）打电话 ② 征招（服役）；征招入伍 ③ 选入，征调（运动员为国参赛）
call sb out ① 要求某人来，召唤出动（尤指处理紧急情况） [例] We need to call out the troops. [译] 我们需要出动军队。
② 下令罢工；通知罢工
care 短语
care for ① 非常喜欢；深深地爱 [例] Einstein cared little for money. [译] 爱因斯坦几乎不爱财。
② 照顾，照料（= look after） [例] The mother cared for the sick child day and night. [译] 那位母亲日日夜夜照顾那个生病的孩子。
care about 关心，在乎 [例] The professor said he didn’t care about his students. [译] 那位教授说他不关心他的学生。
carry 短语
carry out ① 履行；实施；执行；落实 [例] He did not carry out his promise to us. [译] 他没有履行对我们的承诺。
② 完成（任务） [例] Extensive tests have been carried out on the patient. [译] 已对患者进行了全面检查。
carry on (with…) carry sth on 继续做；坚持于 [例] Carry on with your work while I’m away. [译] 我不在的时候你要接着干。
carry on 争吵；吵闹；吵闹地抱怨 [例] He was shouting and carrying on. [译] 他在大吵大闹。
carry sth through 成功完成；顺利实现 [例] It’s a difficult job but she’s the person to carry it through. [译] 这是一项艰巨的工作，但她这个人是能够顺利完成的。
carry sb through 帮助…度过难关 [例] His determination carried him through the ordeal. [译] 他靠坚强的决心度过了难关。
carry through (on/ with sth) 履行（承诺） [例] He has proved he can carry through on his promises. [译] 他已证明他能履行自己的诺言。
carry sth over ① 应用；运用
② 延迟；延期 [例] The match had to be carried over until Sunday. [译] 比赛不得不推迟到星期天。
carry over （在不同情况下）继续存在，保持下去 [例] Attitudes learned at home carry over into the playground. [译] 家里养成的作风会表现在游戏场上。
carry sth off ① 赢得；获得 [例] He carried off most of the prizes. [译] 他赢得了大多数的奖项。
② 成功地对付，不费劲地处理（大多数人认为难应付的事） [例] She had her hair cut really short, but she can carry it off. [译] 她把头发剪得很短，但她还是驾驭得了这种发型。
carry sb back (to sth) 使会想起；使回忆 [例] The smell of the sea carried her back to her childhood. [译] 大海的气息勾起了她童年的回忆。
catch 短语
catch on 流行起来（= become popular） [例] That style has never caught on in China. [译] 那种风格从未在中国流行起来。
catch on (to sth) 理解（= understand） [例] He is very quick to catch on to things. [译] 他领悟能力很强。
be/ get caught in 处于困境；陷入…… [例] He was/ got caught in the rain. [译] 他被困雨中。
catch (sb) up catch up (with sb) ① 赶上（某人） [例] Go on ahead. I’ll catch up with you. [译] 你先走，我随后赶上你。
② 赶上，达到（某水平） [例] He had to work hard to catch up with others because of illness. [译] 他因病，不得不努力学习，好赶上别的同学。
catch sb out ① 使突陷困境 [例] Many investors were caught out by the fall in share prices. [译] 许多投资者由于股价下跌而突然陷入困境。
② 抓住某人的短处；指出无知；指出过失 [例] They tried to catch her out with a difficult question. [译] 他们试图用一道难题去难倒她。
catch up on sth ① 补做（未做的事）；赶做；补上 [例] I have a lot of work to catch up on. [译] 我有很多工作要补做。
② 了解（已发生的事情） [例] We spent the evening catching up on each other’s news. [译] 我们那一晚上都一直在彼此通报情况。
check 短语
check in (at…) 在（旅馆、机场等）登记，报到 [例] Please check in at least an hour before departure. [译] 请至少在飞机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。
check sth in 托运（行李） [例] We check in our luggage yesterday. [译] 昨天我们托运了行李。
check into… 登记入住（旅馆或私立医院） [例] He checked into a top London clinic yesterday. [译] 他昨天住进了伦敦一家最高级诊所。
check…off 在……上打钩（表示选择、完成、正确等） [例] Check the names off as the guests arrive. [译] 客人到来时在其姓名旁打勾。
check on sb/sth 检查，核实（是否一切正常） [例] I’ll just go and check on the children. [译] 我正要去看看孩子们。
check out (of…) 结账离开（旅馆等） [例] Guests should check out of their rooms by noon. [译] 客人务请在中午以前办理退房手续。
check sb/ sth out ① 调查；查证；核实 [例] The police are checking out his alibi. [译] 警察在查证他不在案发现场的证据。
② 查看，观察（有趣或有吸引力的人或事物） [例] Check out the prices at our new store ! [译] 看一看我们新商店的价格吧！
check sth out （从图书馆等）借出 [例] The book has been checked out in your name. [译] 这本书已用你的名字从图书馆借出。
check over sth check through sth 仔细检查；核对；核查 [例] Check over your work for mistakes. [译] 仔细检查你的作业以防有错。
check up on sb 监督；督促 [例] My parents are always checking up on me. [译] 我父母总是督促我。
check up on sth 查证；证实 [例] I need to check up on a few things before I can decide. [译] 我得核实几件事情才能做决定。
cheer 短语
cheer up （使）变得更高兴，振奋起来；装饰，装点 [例] Try and cheer up a bit; life isn’t that bad. [译] 努力，振作起来；生活不是那么糟。
cheer sb on （在比赛中）为某人打气/加油 [例] The crowd cheered the runners on. [译] 观众为赛跑选手加油鼓劲。
come 短语
come about 发生（= happen，take place，occur） [例] How did the accident come about [译] 这起事故是怎么发生的？
come across ① 给人以…印象；使产生…印象 [例] She come across well in interviews. [译] 她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。
② 被理解 [例] He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t come across. [译] 他讲了很长时间，但并没有人真正理解。
come across… （偶然）遇见，碰见，发现 [例] I came across children sleeping under bridges. [译] 我偶然发现睡在桥下的孩子。
come across (with…) （需要时）提供，供给，给予 [例] I hope she’d come across with some more information. [译] 我希望她能再提供更多的信息。
come along ① 到达；抵达；出现 [例] When the right opportunity comes along, she’ll take it. [译] 适当的机会来临时，她会抓住的。
② 跟随；跟着来 [例] I’m glad you came along. [译] 我很高兴你跟着来。
③ 进步；进展 [例] Your French has come along a lot recently. [译] 你的法语最近进步很大。
④（用于命令）赶快，加把劲 [例] Come along ! We’re late. [译] 快点！我们迟到了。
come apart 破碎；破裂 [例] The book just came apart in my hands. [译] 这本书就在我手中散开了。
come around ① 再次出现，再度发生 [例] My birthday seems to come around quicker every year. [译] 我的生日似乎一年比一年来得快。
② 恢复知觉；苏醒 [例] Your mother hasn’t yet come round from the anaesthetic. [译] 你的母亲麻醉后还没有苏醒过来。
come out ① 开花；盛开 [例] I think the roses will come out next week.
② 出版；发行；发表 [例] The rain stopped and the sun came out.
③（太阳、月亮或星星）出现，露出 [例] The rain stopped and the sun came out. [译] 雨停后，太阳出来了。
④ 被获知；为人所知 [例] The full story came out at the trial. [译] 案情始末在审判时真相大白。
⑤（照片）冲洗（或洗印）清楚 [例] Some of the photos from our trip didn’t come out. [译] 我们旅行的一些照片冲洗的的效果不好。
⑥ 显示；显出 [例] Her best qualities come out in a crisis. [译] 她的优秀品质在危难之际显示了出来。
⑦ 说出；讲出 [例] I tried to say something, but the words wouldn’t come out. [译] 我想说点什么，但这话怎么也说不出口。
⑧ 公开表明（同意或不同意） [例] He came out against the plan. [译] 他公开表示反对这个计划。
⑨ 罢工
come up ① 被提及，被讨论 [例] The question hasn’t come up yet. [译] 那个问题还未被提及。
②（与with连用）找到或想出（主意、答案等） [例]He came up with an idea. [译] 他想出了一个主意。
③ 发生 [例] I’m afraid something urgent has come up. [译] 恐怕有紧急事情发生。
④ (of the sun) 升起 [例] We watched the sun come up. [译] 我们观看了日出。
⑤ (of plants) 长出地面；破土而出 [例] The daffodils are just beginning to come up. [译] 那些水仙花刚开始破土发芽。
⑥ 即将发生（或出现、到来） [例] Her birthday is coming up soon. [译] 她的生日就快到了。
⑦（由法院）审理 [例] Her divorce case comes up next month. [译] 她的离婚案在下月审理。
come on ① (of an actor) 登台；出场；上场 (of a player)（比赛中）上场 [例] Owen came on for Brown ten minutes before the end. [译] 终场前十分钟，欧文上场替换了布朗。
② 改进；改善；发展；完善 [例] The project is coming on fine. [译] 这项工程进展顺利。
③（用于命令）赶快，加把劲 [例] Come on ! We don’t have much time. [译] 快点！我们时间不多了。
④（表示知道某人所说的话不正确）得了吧 [例] Oh, come on, you know that isn’t true ! [译] 得了吧，你知道那不是真的！
⑤ (of an illness or a mood) 开始 (of a TV programme, etc) 开始 [例] I can feel a cold coming on. /When does the news come on [译] 我觉得要感冒了。/ 新闻报道什么时候开始？
⑥ 开始运转（或运行） [例] Set the oven to come on at six. [译] 把烤箱设定在六点钟开始烘烤。
come in ①（潮水）上涨；涨潮
②（赛跑比赛中）取得（某名次） [例] My horse came in last. [译] 我的妈跑了最后一名。
③ 变时髦；时兴；流行 [例] Long hair for men came in in the sixties. [译] 男子留长发在60年代流行开来。
④ 可提供；可利用 [例] We’re still waiting for copies of the book to come in. [译] 我们仍然在等这本书进货。
⑤ 在…中起作用；参与 [例] I understand the plan perfectly, but I can’t see where I come in. [译] 我完全了解这项计划，可是不明白我能起什么作用。
⑥ 到达；被收到 [例] The train is coming in now. [译] 火车现正进站。
⑦ 参加讨论 [例] Would you like to come in at this point, Susan [译] 苏珊，你愿意在此刻发表意见吗？
come off ① 能被去掉（或除去） [例] That mark won’t come off. [译] 那污点去不掉。
② 举行；发生 [例] Did the trip to Rome ever come off [译] 去罗马的事最后成了吗？
③ 成功；达到预期效果（或结果） [例] They wanted it to be a surprise but the plan didn’t come off. [译] 他们本想一鸣惊人，然而计划却流产了。
④（搏斗、比赛等）成功，不成功 [例] I thought they came off very well in the debate. [译] 我认为他们在辩论中表现非常出色。
come off sth ① 从…掉下 [例] She nearly comes off her bicycle. [译] 她差点从自行车上掉下来。
② 与…分离（或分开） [例] A button had come off my coat. [译] 我的外套掉了一颗纽扣。
③ 停止（服药、吸毒、饮酒等） [例] I’ve tried to get him to come off the tranquillizers. [译] 我试图说服他停止服用镇静剂。
come down ① 崩塌；坍塌 [例] The ceiling came down with a terrific crash. [译] 随着一声可怕的巨响，天花板塌了下来。
② 落下；降落 [例] The rain came down in torrents. [译] 大雨滂沱。
③ 着陆；降落；从空中坠落 [例] We were forced to come down in a filed. [译] 我们被迫降落在田野里。
④（价格、温度、比率等）下降，降低 [例] The price of gas is coming down. [译] 煤气价格在下跌。
⑤ 决定并宣布 [例] The committee came down in support of this application. [译] 委员会决定并宣布支持他的申请。
⑥ 下垂，向下眼神（到某一点） [例] Her hair comes down to her waist. [译] 她的头发垂至腰部。
come to sb 被想出 [例] The idea came to me in the bath. [译] 我泡澡时想出了这个主意。
come to sth ① 合计；共计；总共 [例] The bill came to $30. [译] 账单金额总计30美金。
② 达到（某状况，尤指坏的局面） [例] Who’d have thought things would come to this [译] 谁会想到事情竟会变成这个样子？
compare 短语
compare…with… 把……和……相比 [例] My own problems seem insignificant compared with others. [译] 与别人的问题相比，我的问题算不上什么。
compare…to… 把……比作…… [例] A teacher is often compared to a candle. [译] 教师常被比作蜡烛。
cut 短语
cut sb/sth off ① 切断；中断（电话通话/阻止讲话） [例] We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. [译] 我们电话打到一半就断线了。
② 剥夺继承权 [例] He cut his son off without a penny. [译] 他完全剥夺了儿子的继承权。
③ 停止，中断（供给） [例] Our water supply has been cut off. [译] 我们断水了。
④ 阻碍；阻挡；堵塞 [例] They cut off the enemy’s retreat. [译] 他们切断了的敌人的退路。
cut sb out (of sth) 不让某人参与；把某人排除在…之外 [例] Don’t cut your parents out of your lives. [译] 别把父母排除在你的生活之外。
cut sth out ① 裁剪 [例] He’s cut out a niche for himself in journalism. [译] 他在新闻界找到了一份适合自己的工作。
② 删除；删去 [例] I would cut out the bit about working as a waitress. [译] 我想删掉做女服务员的那段经历。
③（让人停止做或说恼人的事）住口，打住 [例] I’m sick of you two arguing, just cut it out ! [译] 你们俩吵来吵去让我烦死了，住口吧！
④ 阻挡（尤指光线） [例] Tall trees cut out the sunlight. [译] 高高的树木遮住了阳光。
cut sth out of sth ①（通常用剪刀）剪下 [例] I cut this article out of the newspaper. [译] 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。
② 停止做（或使用、食用） [例] I’ve been advised to cut sugar out of my diet. [译] 有人劝我饮食要忌糖。
cut sth up 切碎 [例] He cut up the vegetables. [译] 他把蔬菜切碎了。
cut sb up ①（严重地）割伤，打伤 [例] He was very badly cut up in the fight. [译] 他在这场斗殴中伤得很严重。
② 使伤心；使悲伤；使难受 [例] She was pretty cut up about them leaving. [译] 他们这一走使她伤心极了。
cut through sth 开辟（出路或通道） [例] The prisoners cut their way through the barbed wire. [译] 囚犯们切段铁丝网开出一条路逃之夭夭。
cut sth down ① 砍倒 [例] He cut down a tree the day before yesterday. [译] 他砍倒了一棵树。
② 削减，缩小（尺寸、数量或数目） [例] George is trying to cut his weight down. [译] 乔治在努力减肥。
cut sb down 杀死（某人） [例] He was cut down by an assassin’s bullet. [译] 他被刺客的子弹击中身亡。
cut in ① 开动，发动 [例] The safety device cuts in automatically. [译] 安全装置会自动开启。
② 加塞儿；插队
cut in on 插嘴；超车抢道 [例] She kept cutting in on our conversation. [译] 我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
cut out ①（马达或发动机）突然熄火，停止运转 [例] One of the aircraft’s engines cut out. [译] 飞机的一个发动机熄火了。
② 戒除；停止做 [例] He cut out sweets in order to lose weight. [译] 他不吃糖是为了减肥。
depend 短语
depend on ① 依赖，依靠（某人做某事）；指望，确信（某事会发生） [例] I’m depending on you to tell me everything. [译] 我指望你告诉我一切。
② 取决于 [例] It would depend on the circumstances. [译] 视情况而定。
die 短语
die out （家族、观念等）灭绝，消失；（物种）灭绝 [例] The species has nearly died out. [译] 这一物种已濒于灭绝。
die for ① be dying for sth/ to do sth 渴望某物/做某事 [例] I’m dying to know what happened. [译] 我很想知道发生了什么。
② 为……而死 [例] He died for his beliefs. [译] 他为信仰而死。
die of/ from 因……而死 [例] He die of/ from cancer. [译] 他死于癌症。
die away 逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊；逐渐消失 [例] The sound of their laughter died away. [译] 他们的笑声渐渐消失了。
die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息；逐渐暗淡 [例] The flames finally died down. [译] 火焰终于逐渐减弱了。
dive 短语
dive into 迅速将手伸入（包或口袋里）；跳水 [例] She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins. [译] 她立即将手伸进包里拿出几枚硬币。
dive for 扑向
[例] Seagulls swim well, but they do not often dive for fish. [译] 尽管海鸥善于游泳，但他们不经常扑鱼。
do 短语
do away with sth 废除；取消；结束 [例] He thinks it’s time we did away with the monarchy. [译] 他认为我们该废除君主制了。
do harm/ good to 对……有害/有好处 [例] Smoking will do harm to your health. [译] 抽烟对你的健康有害。
do with 对待，处理（常与what连用） [例] Tell me what you did with yourselves on Sunday. [译] 告诉我你周日怎么过的？
have something/ nothing to do with 与……有/无关 [例] Her job has something to do with the food. [译] 她的工作与食物相关。
draw 短语
draw one’s attention 引起某人的注意（= catch one’s attention/ eye） [例] The case drew our attention. [译] 这个案子引起我们的注意。
draw up 起草（文件），拟定（名单，合同等） [例] Draw up a list of all the things you want to do. [译] 起草一个你想要的东西的名单。
draw in （白昼）渐短；（天黑）渐早 [例] The nights/ days are drawing in. [译] 天黑得越来越早了。
end 短语
end up 最终成为，最后处于 （后常加动词ing形式、形容词、副词或介词短语） [例] If you drive your car like that, you’ll end up in hospital. [译] 如果你那样开车，你最终会进医院的。
end (…) with 用……结束
[例] We ended the dinner with fruit and coffee. [译] 我们用水果和咖啡结束了那顿晚饭。
end in 以……告终
[例] Their long struggle ended in failure. [译] 他们的长期努力以失败告终。
engage 短语
engage (sb) in （使）从事 [例] I have no time to engage in gossip. [译] 我无暇说闲话。
be engaged in 从事，忙于 [例] They were engaged in conversation. [译] 他们正谈得来劲。
be engaged to 与……订婚 [例] She’s engaged to Peter. [译] 她与彼得定了婚。
fall 短语
fall apart 破碎、破裂、崩溃 [例] My car is falling apart. [译] 我的汽车要散架了。
fall back 后退，撤退，退却 [例] The enemy fell back as our troops advanced. [译] 我军部队挺进，敌军撤退。
fall behind 落后；落在……后面 [例] If you stand still, you’ll quickly fall behind. [译] 如果你停滞不前，你很快就会掉队。
fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上 [例] She has fallen in love with him. [译] 她已经爱上了他。
fall down 不能令人满意，不够好 [例] Where does the plan fall down [译] 这项计划哪里有不足呢？
fall out 脱落 [例] His hair is falling out. [译] 他的头发在脱落。
fall in with 同意；赞成（= agree to） [例] She fell in with my idea at once. [译] 她立即同意了我的主意。
feed 短语
feed sb/ sth on sth feed sth to sb/ sth 给某人/动物喂某物 [例] Feed the horse on grass.（= Feed grass to the horse.） [译] 给马喂草。
feed on/off sth ① 以……为食 [例] Horses feed on grass. [译] 马以草为食。
② 因…而壮大；从…中得到滋养 [例] Racism feeds on fear. [译] 恐惧心理会助长种族主义。
feed A with B/ feed B into A 将B放进A里 [例] Feed the fire with wood. [译] 往火里添柴。
feed (sth) back 反馈，反应（信息或意见） [例] Test results will be fed back to the schools. [译] 测验的成绩将反馈给各学校。
fill 短语
fill sth in fill sth out ① 填写（表格等） [例] Don’t forget to fill in/ out your boarding cards. [译] 别忘了填写你的登记卡。
② 填满；塞满 [例] The hole has been filled in. [译] 洞已填平。
③ 消磨，打发（时间） [例] He filled in the rest of the day watching TV. [译] 他看电视打发了那天余下的时光。
④ 给（图画等）最后着色
fill up （使）充满；（使）装满 [例] I have to fill up the car. [译] 我得给车加满油。
focus 短语
focus (…) on 集中（注意力、精力等）于；对准 [例] I’m so tired. I can’t focus on anything today. [译] 今天我太累了，精神不集中。
get 短语
get (sth) across (to sth) ① 被理解 [例] Your meaning didn’t really get across. [译] 你的意思并未真正为别人理解。
② 把……讲清楚 [例] It is crucial that we get this message across to voters. [译] 这个信息传达给选民，这是很重要的。
get around （消息）传播（= spread） [例] The news has got around, everybody knows about it. [译] 这则消息传开了，大家都知道了。
get away with sth ① 偷携某物潜逃；偷走 [例] Thieves got away with computer equipment worth $30000. [译] 盗贼偷走了价值3万美金的计算机设备。
② 受到从轻发落（轻微惩罚） [例] He was lucky to get away with only a fine. [译] 他算是万幸，只被罚款了事。
③ 做（坏事）而未受到惩罚 [例] Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. [译] 任何人那样侮辱我都不会有好果子吃。
④ 以（比预期少的事物）就能应付 [例] You should be able to get away with one lesson a week. [译] 你每周上次课就可以。
get in get into sth ① 到达 [例] The train got in late. [译] 火车晚点到达。
② 当选 [例] She first got into Parliament in 2005. [译] 她2005年第一次当选下议院议员。
③ 被录取；被接受入学（或入会） [例] She’s got into Durham to study law. [译] 她被录取到杜伦大学学习法律。
get sth in ① 收集；收割 [例] He needs to get the crops in. [译] 他需要收获庄稼。
② 购买；买进 [例] Remember to get in some beers for this evening. [译] 记住为今天的晚会买些啤酒。
③ 设法做（或说） [例] I got in an hour’s work while the baby was asleep. [译] 我趁孩子睡觉抽空干了一小时的活。
get into sth ①（尤指费力地）穿上 [例] I can’t get into these shoes, they’re too small. [译] 这双鞋太小，我穿不进去。
② 开始从事（某职业） [例] What’s the best way to get into journalism [译] 进入新闻界的最佳途径是什么？
③ 参与，开始（某事） [例] I got into conversation with an Italian student. [译] 我与一位意大利学生谈了起来。
④ 养成某种习惯；习惯于 [例] Don’t let yourself get into bad habits. [译] 别让自己染上恶习。
⑤ 对…产生兴趣 [例] I’m really getting into jazz these days. [译] 我最近迷上了爵士乐。
⑥ 开始熟悉；学会 [例] I haven’t really got into my new job yet. [译] 我还未真正熟悉我的新工作。
⑦（使）陷入，处于，达到 [例] He got into trouble with the police while he was at school. [译] 他还在上学时就曾犯事落入警察手里。
get off get off sth ①（使）停止讨论，不再讨论 [例] Please can we get off the subject of dieting [译] 我们别再讨论节食这个话题行吗？
②（经允许）离开工作，下班 [例] Could you get off (work) early tomorrow [译] 你明天可以提早下班吗？
get along/ on (with sb) （与某人）和谐相处 [例] Do you get along/ on with your boss [译] 你和你的老板相处得好吗？
get on sb’s nerves 烦扰某人 [例] Stop whistling ! You’re getting on my nerves ! [译] 别吹口哨了！你让我心烦。
get out of 逃避，规避，摆脱（责任或义务）；戒除，抛弃（习惯） [例] We promised we’d go, we can’t get out of it now. [译] 我们答应过要去，现在我们不能食言。
get up （使）起床；站起，起来 [例] We didn’t get up until lunchtime. [译] 我们到午餐时间才起来。
get down to 开始做；开始认真注意（或对待） [例] It’s time we got down to business. [译] 我们该干正事了。
get to 到达（arrive at/ in，reach） [例] We got to London at 7 o’clock. [译] 我们7点到达了伦敦。
get over 克服，解决
[例] He used to have a fear of heights but he has got over that now. [译] 他过去恐高，但现在他克服了。
get rid of 摆脱，去掉，处理掉 [例] It’s time we got rid of all these old toys. [译] 我们该把这些玩具全部丢掉了。
get through ①（用电话）接通，联系上 [例] I called you but I couldn’t get through. [译] 我给你打电话，但没有接通。
② 用完（= use up，run out of） [例] He has got through $10,000 in less than a year. [译] 不到一年他花光了一万美元。
③ 顺利通过 [例] John has got through the examination. [译] 约翰顺利通过了考试。
④ 完成（= finish）；处理
[例] I’ll be with you as soon as I get through this work. [译] 我一做完这个活就去找你。
give 短语
give sth/sb away ① 捐赠，赠送 [例] He gave away most of his fortune to the poor. [译] 他将他的大多数猜猜捐给了穷人。
② 泄露，暴露 [例] His accent gave him away. [译] 他的口音暴露了他的身份。
③ 颁发，分发 [例] The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. [译] 市长在学校运动会那天颁发了奖项。
④（粗心地）失去，丧失，错失（优势） [例] They’ve given away two goals already. [译] 他们已白送对手两分了。
give…back 归还；送回 [例] This isn’t your money and you must give it back. [译] 这不是你的钱，你一定要还回去。
give in ① give in to（向……）投降，屈服；勉强同意 [例] He has given in to my views. [译] 他勉强同意了我的观点。
② give sth in（= hand in sth）呈上，交上 [例] All assignments must be given in to your teacher by Friday. [译] 星期五之前必须把所有的作业交给你的老师。
give off 发出（气味、光、热等） [例] The gas gave off an unpleasant smell. [译] 那种气体发出了难闻的味道。
give out ① 分发（= hand out） [例] The teacher gave out the examinations papers. [译] 老师分发了试卷。
② 宣布；公布 [例] He wouldn’t give out any information. [译] 他不会宣布任何消息。
③ 发出（光、热等） [例] A gas lamp gave out a yellowish light. [译] 煤气灯发出了微黄色的光。
④ 耗尽，用完（= be used up，ran out） [例] After two days our food gave out, and we must return home. [译] 两天后我们的事物用完了，我们不得不返回营地。
give up 放弃；中止 [例] I’ve given up smoking. [译] 我已经戒烟了。
go 短语
go away ① 消失（= disappear） [例] The smell still hasn’t gone away. [译] 气味还没散尽。
② 离家外出（尤指度假） [例] I’m going away on business. [译] 我要出趟差。
③ 走开；离开 [例] Just go away ! [译] 走开！
go against 违背，违反（信仰、原则、心愿、建议等） [例] This goes against my principles. [译] 这违背我的原则。
go around ①（疾病、消息等）传播，流传（= get around，spread）
[例] News of the plane crash went around like wildfire. [译] 飞机失事的消息迅速传开了。
② 旋转；转动 [例] The girl is going around in a circle. [译] 小女孩正在转圈。
③ 足够分给每个人；够每人一份 [例] There aren’t enough chairs to go around. [译] 椅子不够坐。
④ 习惯于（某种状态或行动方式） [例] She often goes around barefoot. [译] 她常常光着脚。
go around (to…) 拜访（某人）；访问；参观（附近某处） [例] I went round to the post office. [译] 我到邮局去了一趟。
go back to ① 返回（= return to） [例] The children have to go back to school next week. [译] 下周孩子们得返校了。
② 追溯到（= date back to） [例] This hobby can go back to his childhood. [译] 这种爱好可以追溯到他的童年。
go by ① 过去，流逝 [例] Things will get easier as time goes by. [译] 随着时间推移，情况会有所改善。
② 遵照，遵循 [例] Only a fool goes by the rules al the time. [译] 只有傻瓜才会一致都循规蹈矩。
go on ①（演员）上场，出场 [例] She doesn’t go on until Act 2. [译] 她要到第2幕才出场。
②（比赛中）以替补队员身份上场 [例] Walcott went on in place of Rooney just before half-time. [译] 就在上半场结束前沃尔科特上场替下了鲁尼。
③（灯）亮；通（电）；开始运行 [例] Suddenly all the lights went on. [译] 突然所有的灯都亮了。
④ 流逝；过去 [例] She became more and more talkative as the evening went on. [译] 夜渐深，她的话越来越多。
⑤ 发生 [例] What’s going on here [译] 这出了什么事？
⑥（情况、形势）继续下去，持续 [例] This cannot be allowed to go on. [译] 决不允许这种情况继续下去。
⑦（常指短暂停顿后）继续说 [例] He hesitated for a moment and then went on. [译] 她犹豫了一会儿，然后继续往下说。
⑧（用于鼓励）来吧 [例] Go on ! Have another drink ! [译] 来吧！再喝一杯！
go on a diet 节食 [例] The doctor says I’ve got to go on a diet. [译] 医生说我得节食。
go down ① 倒下；落下；倒在地上 [例] She tripped and went down with bump. [译] 她绊了一下，重重地倒在地上。
②（船等）下沉，沉没
③（日、月）落到地平线下，落下
④（食物、饮料）被吞下，被咽下，被喝下 [例] A glass of wine would go down very nicely. [译] 喝一杯葡萄酒就太痛快了。
⑤（物价等）下跌；（温度等）下降 [例] The price of oil is going down. [译] 油价正在下跌。
⑥（质量）下降 [例] The neighborhood has gone down a lot recently. [译] 近来这一代已经远不如前了。
⑦ 暂停作业；暂停运行 [例] The system is going down in ten minutes. [译] 这个系统十分钟后要暂停运行。
⑧ 发生 [例] You really don’t know what’s going down [译] 你真的不知道发生了什么事？
go out ① 出门参加社交活动；外出交际；外出娱乐 [例] He goes out drinking most evenings. [译] 他晚上多半在外喝酒。
② 退潮；落潮
③ 送出；发出；派出 [例] Have the invitations gone out yet [译] 请柬发出去了吗？
④（广播或电视节目）播放，播出
⑤（新闻或消息）发布，公布，发表 [例] Word went out that the director had resigned. [译] 局长已经辞职的消息公开了。
⑥（光或灯光）熄灭 [例] The fire has gone out. [译] 火已经熄灭。
go over 仔细检查；反复研究 [例] Go over your homework before you hand it in. [译] 在你上交作业之前要仔细检查。
go in for (sth) 对（某事物）有兴趣，爱好 [例] He doesn’t go in for team games. [译] 他不喜欢团体比赛。
go through ① 经历；遭受 [例] He was going through a very difficult time. [译] 他在经历一段非常艰难的时期。
② 仔细查看某物；检查某物 [例] I always start the day by going through my email. [译] 我每天第一件事就是看电子邮件。
③ 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序 [例] Formalities have to be gone through before you emigrate. [译] 必须办理一定的手续才能移民。
④ 用完；耗尽 [例] The boys went through two whole loaves of bread. [译] 这些男孩把整整两条面包吃得精光。
⑤（尤指反复地）详细研究，仔细琢磨 [例] Let’s go through the arguments again. [译] 咱们再详细研究一下这些论据吧。
go up ① 被兴建；被建造 [例] New office buildings are going up everywhere. [译] 到处都在兴建新办公楼。
②（剧院幕布）升起
③ 被烧毁；被炸毁 [例] The whole building went up in flames. [译] 整座楼房在大火中焚毁。
④（物价等）上涨；（温度等）上升 [例] The price of cigarettes is going up. [译] 香烟价格在上涨。
go with ① 是…的一部分；附属于 [例] A car goes with the job. [译] 这份工作配有一辆汽车。
② 同意，接受（计划、报价等） [例] You’re offering $500 I think we can go with that. [译] 你出价500英镑？我想我们可以接受。
③ 与某物相配（或协调、和谐） [例] Does this jacket go with this skirt [译] 这件夹克与这条裙子相配吗？
④ 与某事同时（或同地）存在；与某事相伴而生 [例] Disease often goes with poverty. [译] 疾病与贫穷常常相伴而生。
hand 短语
hand sth down ① 把……传下去 [例] These skills used to be handed down from father to son. [译] 这些技艺以往都是父子相传。
② 正式宣布；公布 [例] The judge has handed down his verdict. [译] 法官已经宣布了裁决结果。
hand out ① 分发，散发（= give out） [例] Could you hand these books out, please [译] 请把这些书发给大家好吗？
② 提出，给予（建议、惩罚等） [例] He’s always handing out advice to people. [译] 他总是喜欢给人讲大道理。
hand (sb/ sth) over (to sb) 把（某人/某事物）正式交给（某人） [例] He handed the weapons over to the police. [译] 他们把武器交给了警方。
hand sth in (to sb) 提交，呈交，上交（尤指书面材料或失物） [例] I handed the watch in to the police. [译] 我把那块表交给了警察。
hang 短语
hang about ① 常去某处/闲逛（= hang around/out） [例] Kids are hanging about in the streets. [译] 孩子们正在街上东逛西逛。
② 慢悠悠 [例] I can’t hang about, the boss wants to see me. [译] 我可不能磨磨蹭蹭，老板要见我。
③ 停一下；等一等 [例] Hang about ! There’s nothing not quite right here. [译] 且慢！这有点不对头。
hang up 挂断电话；终止使用 [例] After I hung up, I remembered what I’d wanted to say. [译] 我挂断电话才想起来原本想说的话。
hang on ① 抓紧 [例] Hang on tight, we’re off ! [译] 抓紧了，我们出发了！
② 等一下；停一下 [例] Hang on, I’m not quite ready. [译] 等一等，我还没准备好呢。
③ 等待某事发生；等候 [例] I haven’t got the job, they’ve kept me hanging on for days. [译] 我还没得到这份工作，他们让我等了好几天。
④ 别挂电话，等一下 [例] Hang on, I’ll just see if he’s here. [译] 等一下，我这就看看他在不在。
⑤（在逆境中）坚持，不放弃 [例] The team hung on for victory. [译] 这个队为了胜利坚持不懈。
hear 短语
hear from sb 收到某人的信件（或电子邮件、电话等）；得到某人的消息 [例] I look forward to hearing from you. [译] 我期待你的来信。
hear of/ about 听说，得知 [例] This is the first time that I’ve heard of it. [译] 这是我第一次听说。
help 短语
help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 [例] Let me help you with your homework. [译] 让我帮你写作业。
help sb in doing 帮助某人做某事 [例] He can help me in finding a job. [译] 他可以帮我找工作。
help oneself to… 为自己取用……；擅自拿走；窃取（= steal） [例] He’d been helping himself to the money in the bank. [译] 他一直在偷银行里的钱。
help (sb) out 帮助（某人）摆脱（困境） [例] He’s always willing to help out. [译] 他总是急人之难。
hold 短语
hold back ① 阻挡；妨碍进展 [例] The police were unable to hold back the crowd. [译] 警察阻挡不住人群。
② 隐瞒 [例] Don’t hold anything back; you must tell me everything. [译] 不要隐瞒任何事情，你必须告诉我一切。
③ 控制（感情等） [例] Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back. [译] 她怒火中烧，无法控制。
hold on to (sth) ① 守住；保住（优势） [例] The soldiers held on to the bridge for three more days. [译] 士兵们又把这座桥守了三天。
② 不送或不卖（某物） [例] You should hold on to your oil shares. [译] 你应该继续保留住你的石油股份。
hold on ① 等着；停住 [例] Hold on ! This isn’t the right road. [译] 等一下！这条路不对。
②（在困境或危险中）坚持住，挺住 [例] They managed to hold on until help arrived. [译] 他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
③（电话用语）别挂断，等一下 [例] Can you hold on I’ll see if he’s here. [译] 等一下行吗？我去看看他在不在。
hold sth on 固定 [例] These nuts and bolts hold the wheels on. [译] 这些螺母和螺栓把轮子固定住了。
hold out ① 维持；坚持 [例] We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out. [译] 我们可以在这里一致待到我们的储备品用完。
② 抵抗；幸存 [例] The rebels held out in the mountains for several years. [译] 反叛分子在山区顽抗了几年。
③ 提供机会；给予希望；使有可能 [例] Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering. [译] 医生对她的痊愈不抱很大的希望。
④ 伸出手（或胳膊）；递出东西 [例] I held out my hand to steady her. [译] 我伸出手扶住她。
hold to 信守（诺言） [例] He always holds to his commitment. [译] 他始终信守自己的承诺。
hold up ① 承受住；举起；支撑 [例] The pupil held up his hand to ask the teacher a question. [译] 那个小学生举起手问了老师一个问题。
② 延迟；阻碍 [例] A lot of cars were held up in the accident. [译] 在这场事故中，许多汽车被堵。
③ 举出（例子）；提出（作为榜样） [例] His ideas were held up to ridicule. [译] 他的想法被当成了笑料。
④ 持枪抢劫（银行、商店等）
hold with sth 同意，赞成 [例] I don’t hold with the use of force. [译] 我不赞成使用武力。
hold sth in 克制，忍住（真实情感） [例] You must hold in your anger. [译] 你务必忍住怒火。
hold sth down ① 使保持低水平 [例] The rate of inflation must be held down. [译] 通货膨胀率必须控制在低水平。
② 保住（工作、职位） [例] He was unable to hold down a job after his breakdown. [译] 他精神崩溃以后就没能保住工作。
③ 限制（尤指噪音） [例] Hold it down, will you I’m trying to sleep ! [译] 小点声行吗？我要睡觉！
hold sb down ① 按住某人 [例] It took three men to hold him down. [译] 三个人才把他制伏。
② 剥夺某人的自由（或权利） [例] The people are held down by a repressive regime. [译] 人民收到了专制政权的压迫。
hold off ① 不开始；延迟 [例] The rain held off just long enough for us to have our picnic. [译] 雨还好，等到我们用完野餐才下起来。
② 推迟 [例] Could you hold off making your decision for a few days [译] 你能推迟几天再作决定吗？
hold together hold sth together ①（使）保持团结 [例] A political party should hold together. [译] 一个政党应当团结一致。
② 合乎逻辑；连贯 [例] Their case doesn’t hold together when you see the evidence. [译] 你看一下证据就知道他们的论点前后不一致。
③（机器、物品）完好无损
jump 短语
jump at sth 迫不及待地接受，欣然接受（机会、建议等） [例] I jumped at the chance of a trip to Gu’an. [译] 我迫不及待地接受了固安之旅的机会。
jump on sb 批评，责备（某人） [例] He used to jump on me for every little mistake. [译] 以前我一有点小错他就有大加斥责。
keep 短语
keep an eye on 照料，照顾 [例] Keep an eye on the baby. [译] 照顾一下这个婴儿。
keep off 使不碰到；使避开 [例] Keep your hands off me. [译] 别碰我。
keep on 继续 [例] He didn’t stop running. He just kept on. [译] 他没有停下来，只是继续跑。
keep sb from sth 阻止某人做某事（= stop/ prevent sb from doing sth） [例] Nobody can keep them from getting married. [译] 每人可以阻止他们结婚。
keep up （天气）持续不变 [例] The rain kept up all afternoon. [译] 雨下了一下午。
keep up with 与……并驾齐驱，跟上 [例] Jack has trouble keeping up with the rest of the class. [译] 杰克跟不上剩下的课程。
keep away from 避免接近；远离；勿靠近 [例] Keep away from the edge of the cliff. [译] 切莫靠近悬崖边。
keep sth back ① 抑制（或阻止）感情等的流露 [例] She was unable to keep back her tears. [译] 她无法忍住泪水。
② 保留（或扣留）某物的一部分 [例] He kept back half the money for himself. [译] 他把那笔钱留了一半给自己。
③ 拒绝告知某事；隐瞒 [例] I’m sure she’s keeping something back from us. [译] 我肯定她有什么事瞒着我们。
keep down 隐蔽；隐伏；卧倒；蹲下 [例] Keep down ! You mustn’t let anyone see you. [译] 蹲下！千万不要让人看见你。
keep sb down 压制（或限制、控制）某人 [例] The people have been kept down for years by a brutal regime. [译] 多年来人们一直受到残暴统治的压制。
keep sth down ① 使保持在低水平；抑制某事物的增长 [例] Keep your voice down, I don’t want anyone else to hear. [译] 小声点，别让人听见。
② 不使（胃中食物）吐出；不呕吐 [例] She’s had some water but she can’t keep any food down. [译] 她喝了点水，但一吃东西就吐。
knock 短语
knock at/ on 敲 [例] I will knock on/ at the door. [译] 我马上敲门。
knock…down knock…over ① 推倒（或拆掉、拆毁）建筑物 [例] These old houses are going to be knocked down. [译] 这些旧房子要拆了。
② 打倒（或击倒、撞倒）某人 [例] She was knocked down by a bus. [译] 她被一辆公交车撞倒在地。
③ 减价；降价 [例] He knocked down the price from $80 to $50. [译] 他把价格从80美元降到了50美元。
knock off 停止某事；中断某事；（尤指）下班，收工 [例] Do you want to knock off early today [译] 你今天想早点歇工吗？
knock sth off ① 迅速而轻松地完成 [例] He knocks off three novels a year. [译] 他一年轻松完成三部小说。
② 偷（东西）；抢劫（某处） [例] The rubber knocked off a bank last year. [译] 劫匪去年抢劫了一家银行。
③ 降价；减价；使贬值 [例] The news knocked 13% off the company’s shares. [译] 这消息使公司股价下跌13%。
knock sb out ① 使入睡；使昏睡；使不省人事 [例] The blow knocked her out. [译] 这一击把她打昏了。
② 使大吃一惊；使倾倒；给某人留下深刻印象 [例] The movie just knocked me out. [译] 这电影着实令我赞叹不已。
③（in boxing）击倒（获胜）
④ 使筋疲力尽；使疲惫不堪
knock sb out (of) 把…淘汰出（比赛） [例] England had been knocked out of the World Cup. [译] 英格兰队已被淘汰出世界杯。
leave 短语
leave behind 忘记带走，留下；永久离开 [例] Don’t leave any of your belongings behind. [译] 不要留下任何财物。
leave for 动身去 [例] He will leave for Shanghai tomorrow. [译] 他明天即将前往上海。
leave…out (of…) 不包括，不提及 [例] Leave me out of this quarrel, please. [译] 请别把我牵扯进这场争吵。
be left over 剩下；残留 [例] There was lots of food left over. [译] 饭菜剩下了不少。
live 短语
live on 靠……生活；以食……为生 [例] Small birds live mainly on insects. [译] 小鸟主要以昆虫为食。
live up to 达到，符合，不辜负（他人的期望） [例] He failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. [译] 他辜负了父母的期望。
live off sth 以吃…为生；靠…生活 [例] He seems to live off junk food. [译] 他好像靠吃垃圾食品为生。
look 短语
look after 照顾 [例] Who will look after the children？ [译] 谁来照顾孩子？
look round/ look around 环视（look about） [例] He looked around/ round but saw nothing. [译] 他环视一番，但什么也没看见。
look back on 回顾，回想 [例] As I look back on those years, I am struck by Anne’s wisdom. [译] 当我回顾这些年，我被安妮的智慧所打动了。
look for 寻找 [例] Are you still looking for a job？ [译] 你还在找工作吗？
look forward to 期望，盼望 [例] We’re so much looking forward to seeing you again. [译] 我们很期待再次看到你。
look on 旁观 [例] Two men were fighting. The rest were looking on. [译] 两个人在打架，剩下的在旁观。
look out for 当心，提防 [例] When you’re eating fish, look out for fishbones. [译] 当你吃鱼的时候，小心鱼骨。
look into 调查 [例] I’ve been looking into this matter this afternoon. [译] 我今天下午一直在调查这件事。
look up 查阅；抬头往上看 [例] Look up the word in the dictionary. [译] 在字典中查一下这个词。
look up to 钦佩，尊敬 [例] She always looks up to her father. [译] 她很尊敬他父亲。
look through 浏览 [例] She looked through her notes before the examination. [译] 她在考试前浏览了她的笔记。
look down on look down upon 看不起，藐视 [例] She looks down on people who haven’t been to college. [译] 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。
look on…as… 把…看作；把…视为 [例] She’s looked on as the leading authority on the subject. [译] 她被视为这门学科的最重要的权威。
lose 短语
lose sight of 再也见不着；忽略，忘记 [例] We shouldn’t lose sight of the fact. [译] 我们不应该忽略事实。
lose heart 泄气；丧失信心 [例] Don’t lose heart, keep up our courage. [译] 不要泄气，勇往直前。
lose one’s heart to 爱上（= fall in love with） [例] He lost his heart to this book many years ago. [译] 他多年前很喜欢这本书。
lose oneself in 专心致志于 [例] He is listening to music, losing himself in its beauty. [译] 他正在听音乐，享受音乐的美。
lose track of 与……失去联系（= lose touch/ contact with） [例] It’s not right to lose track of all your old school friends. [译] 与老朋友断了联系是不对的。
make 短语
make good use of 充分利用（= make full use of/ make the most of） [例] You must make good use of every chance. [译] 你一定要充分利用每一次机会。
make fun of 嘲笑（= laugh at） [例] It’s cruel to make fun of people who stammer. [译] 嘲笑口吃的人是不礼貌的。
make room for 为……腾出地方 [例] How can we make room for all the furniture？ [译] 我们怎样能为
make ends meet 使收支相抵 [例] Both husband and wife had to work to make ends meet. [译] 丈夫和妻子不得不努力使收支平衡。
make it 获得成功（= succeed） [例] As an unsuccessful businessman for years, he finally made it. [译] 尽管多年来他不得志，最终他成功了。
make sb/sth out ① 弄懂，看透；理解（= understand） [例] What a strange person she is ! I can’t make her out at all. [译] 她这人挺怪！我看不懂。
② 辨认清楚 [例] I could just make out a figure in the darkness. [译] 我在黑暗中只能看清轮廓。
③ 声称；把…说成 [例] She’s not as rich as people make out. [译] 她并不像人们说的那样富有。
make sth out ① 开具，填写（表格或文件） [例] He made out a cheque for $100. [译] 他开了一张100美元的支票。
make sense 有道理，讲得通，有意义；易于理解；是明智的 [例] It would make sense to leave early. [译] 早点离开是明智的。
make sense of 理解，弄懂 [例] Can you make sense of what she says？ [译] 你能理解她说什么吗？
make up ① 编造 [例] The teacher asked the children to make up a story. [译] 老师让学生编一个故事。
② 化妆 [例] The actors were making up when we arrived. [译] 当我们到的时候，演员们正在化妆。
③ 形成；构成 [例] Women make up 56% of the student numbers. [译] 女生占学生人数的56%。
④ 凑数 [例] We need one more people to make up a team. [译] 我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。
⑤ 补上（失去的东西）；作出补偿 [例] Can I leave early this morning and make up the time next day [译] 我可以今天早上早点走，明天补上这段时间，可以吗？
⑥ 铺床；临时搭床 [例] We made up the bed in the spare room. [译] 我们在空着没用的房间里搭了张床。
⑦ 打扫（酒店房间） [例] The maid asked if she could make up the room. [译] 清洁工问她是否可以整理房间？
make up with sb （与某人）言归于好 [例] Has he made it up with her yet [译] 他跟她和好了吗？
make up for 弥补 [例] Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence. [译] 努力可以弥补智力的匮乏。
make for ① 促成 [例] Constant arguing doesn’t make for a happy marriage. [译] 不断争论会导致不幸的婚姻。
② 向…移动
make towards 向…移动；朝…走去 [例] He made towards the door. [译] 他向门口走去。
make…into… 把…变成… [例] We’re making our attic into an extra bedroom. [译] 我们要把阁楼改装一下，增加一间卧室。
move 短语
move around 经常搬家，不断改变住址 [例] My dad was in the army, so we moved around a lot. [译] 我爸爸在从军，所以我们经常搬家。
move on (to) 开始做（别的事）；换话题
[例] I enjoyed my job, but it was time to move on. [译] 我喜欢我的工作，但是该干点别的了。
move in move into sth 搬进新居 [例] Our new neighbors moved in yesterday. [译] 我们的新邻居昨天搬来了。
pass 短语
pass away ① 去世（委婉说法） [例] His mother passed away last year. [译] 他母亲去年去世了。
② 消失；消逝 [例] Civilizations have passed away. [译] 文明不复存在。
pass by ① 走过，经过 [例] I saw the procession pass by. [译] 我看见队伍从身边路过。
② 未影响 [例] She feels that life is passing her by. [译] 她感觉人生毫不眷顾她。
pass down 使世代相传；流传 [例] The cultures are passed down from generation to generation. [译] 文化代代相传。
pass through 经过，路过
[例] We were passing through, so we’d come and say hello. [我们路过此地，所以想来问候一下。
pay 短语
pay a visit to 参观 [例] Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter. [译] 或许我今年冬天会去英格兰。
pay attention to 注意 [例] Please pay attention to what I am saying. [译] 请注意我正在说的话。
pay (sb) back （向某人）还钱 [例] He paid me back the $ 100 he owes me. [译] 他还给我了他借我的100美金。
pay (sb some money) for (sth) 为某物（向某人）付钱 [例] How much did you pay for the book？ [译] 这本书你花了多少钱？
pay off ① 还清 [例] I’ll pay off my debts first. [译] 我先还我的债。
② 成功，奏效，达到目的 [例] Did your plan pay off？ [译] 你的计划成功了吗？
③ 付清工资后解雇
[例] The twenty workers have been paid off. [译] 这20个工人被付酬解雇了。
pick 短语
pick up ① 捡起；拿起 [例] She picked up the little book and gave it to me. [译] 她捡起书递给了我
②（开车）接人
[例] Pick me up at the hotel. [译] 在旅馆接我。
③ 接收（信号，声音，图像等） [例] The equipment picks up the signal from the satellite. [译] 这套设备可以接收来自卫星的信号。
④（碰巧或廉价地）买到 [例] She picked up a valuable book at a second-hand bookstore. [译] 她在二手书店买到了一本珍贵的书。
⑤ 感染；得到 [例] I seem to have picked up a terrible cold from somewhere. [译] 我似乎从什么地方染上了重感冒。
⑥ 重新开始；继续 [例] Let’s pick up where we left off yesterday. [译] 我们从昨天停下的地方继续进行。
⑦（偶然）得到，听到，学会 [例] He picked up Chinese while he was staying in Beijing. [译] 他待在北京期间学会了汉语。
⑧ 整理，收拾 [例] This room must be picked up before the guests arrive. [译] 在客人们来之前，必须整理好这个房间。
⑨ 好转，改善（= improve） [例] The weather may pick up. [译] 天气可能会好转。
pick out ① 精心挑选 [例] Have you picked out the movie you want to see？ [译] 你挑出你想看的电影了吗？
② 认出来（= recognize）；辨别出 [例] Can you pick out your brother in the crowd？ [译] 你在人群中找到你哥哥了吗？
play 短语
play a/ an part in 在……中扮演……角色；在……中起……作用 [例] She plays an active part in local politics. [译] 她积极参与地方政治活动。
play a trick/ tricks on sb 捉弄某人 [例] The girls were playing tricks on their teacher. [译] 那些女孩正在捉弄老师。
play with 摆弄，玩弄 [例] He likes to play with mud. [译] 他喜欢玩泥巴。
pull 短语
pull in/ out （火车）进站停靠/出战 [例] The train pulled in on time. [译] 火车准时进站了。
pull over 驶向路边；向路边停靠（或让车） [例] The policeman signaled to him to pull over. [译] 警察示意他把车停到路边。
pull off 做成，完成（困难的事情） [例] I never thought you’d pull it off. [译] 我真没想到你把这事办成了。
pull up 停车；停止 [例] The driver pulled up at the traffic lights. [译] 司机在红绿灯处把车停了下来。
pull down 拆毁（建筑物） [例] The cinema she used to visit has been pulled down. [译] 她过去常常参观的那家影院已经被拆了。
pull (sb) through 帮（某人）复原（或康复） [例] His injuries are severe but he’s expected to pull through. [译] 他的伤势很重，但有望恢复。
put 短语
put aside ① 放下（正在读的东西或正在干的活） [例] She put the newspaper aside and picked up a book. [译] 她把报纸放在一边，拿起了一本书。
② 储存，保留 [例] John puts ten dollars aside every week. [译] 约翰每周存10美元。
③ 不理会，忽视 [例] You must put aside your pride and apologize to him [译] 你必须放下自尊向他道歉。
put back ① 放回原处 [例] Put the dictionary back on the shelf. [译] 把词典放回书架上。
② 向后拨，拨慢（钟表指针） [例] Remember to put your clocks back tonight. [译] 记得今晚把时钟拨回去。
put down ① 放下 [例] Put down that knife before you hurt somebody. [译] 把刀子方向，别伤着人。
② 镇压；平定 [例] He is determined to put down the rebellion. [译] 他决心镇压叛乱。
③ 写下（= set down，write down） [例] I’ll have a party next Saturday, put it down in your diary. [译] 下周六我将举办个聚会；把它记在你的记事薄把。
put forward ①（把时钟指针）拨快 [例] Put the clock forward by five minutes. [译] 把钟拨快5分钟。
② 提出（计划、建议、意见等） [例] Are you serious about putting forward such a view？ [译] 你提出这样的观点是认真的吗？
put off 推迟，延迟（= delay，put back，postpone） [例] This afternoon’s meeting will have to be put off. [译] 今天下午的会议不得不推迟。
put on 穿上；戴上 [例] Hurry up ! Put on your coat. [译] 快点！穿上大衣。
put on weight 增加体重，长胖（= gain weight） [例] He began to put on weight at the age of 20. [译] 他20岁开始增肥。
put out ① 熄灭，扑灭 [例] He put out the lamp and went out. [译] 他熄灭了灯出去了。
② 生产，制造 [例] The company puts out 13 new machines every month. [译] 这家公司每月生产13台新机器。
put up ① 抬高，使升高 [例] Put your hand up if you want to ask a question. [译] 如果你要提问，请举手。
② 搭建，建造（= build） [例] They have put up some bicycle sheds at the campus. [译] 在校园里他们建了自行车棚。
③ 投宿，过夜 [例] We can put you up for the night. [译] 今晚我们可以留你过夜。
④ 张贴 [例] Can I put up some posters？ [译] 我可以张贴几张海报吗？
put up with 忍受，容忍（= bear，tolerate）
[例] I don’t know how she puts up with him. [译] 我不知道她怎么忍受他。
put…into action/ effect/ practice 把（计划、观点、知识等）付诸实践 [例] James was keen to put what he learnt into practice. [译] 詹姆斯渴望把他学的付诸实践。
put…to good use 好好利用 [例] This is a job where her skills can be put to good use. [译] 这事一份可以充分施展她才能的工作。
result 短语
result in 导致，造成（= bring about，be responsible for，account for） [例] The unsatisfiedness of the workmen resulted in a strike. [译] 工人的不满引起了一场罢工。
result from 由……产生，因……造成 [例] Her blindness of both eyes resulted from a traffic accident. [译] 她的双目失明是由一场交通事故导致的。
run 短语
run for 竞选 [例] He is running for the Governor. [译] 他正在竞选州长。
run after 追赶 [例] If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. [译] 贪多嚼不烂。
run into/ across 偶遇（= come across，bump into）某人 [例] I ran into an old friend last week. [译] 我上周遇到一个老朋友。
run into （开车）撞上，撞到 [例] He ran into the back of another car. [译] 他撞到了另一辆车的尾部。
run out 用完（= be used up） [例] All our supply of food has run out. [译] 我们贮存的所有食物都用完了。
run out of 用完（= use up） [例] We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood. [译] 我们用完了煤，不得不烧木材。
run over （车辆或司机）撞倒并辗过 [例] I ran over a rabbit this morning. [译] 今天早晨我轧死了一只兔子。
set 短语
set about doing 开始做；着手做 [例] We set about cleaning the room. [译] 我们开始打扫房间。
set an example to 为……树立榜样 [例] He has set a good example to us. [译] 他为我们树立了好榜样。
set off ① 动身，出发（= set out，start） [例]We will set off for Africa tomorrow. [译文] 明天我们将启程去非洲。
② 引起，激发；引爆（炸弹） [例] The crisis set off widespread panic. [译] 危机引起了普遍的恐慌。
set up ① 建起，竖起（= put up） [例] Let’s set up the tent first and build the fire later. [译] 我们先搭帐篷，之后生火。
② 建立（= found） [例] The organization was set up in 1927. [译] 这个组织在1927年成立。
be set in 以……为背景，故事发生在…… [例] The film was set in California. [译] 这部电影以加利福尼亚为背景。
settle 短语
settle down 定居；安定下来；安静下来 [例] It takes a while to settle down at the start of the lesson. [译] 一上课总得过一会才能安静下来。
settle in/ into 习惯于（新居）；适应（新工作）；安顿下来 [例] We only moved house last week and we haven’t settled in yet. [译] 我们上周才搬的家，还没安定。
settle on 选定；决定 [例] Have you settled on the wallpaper you prefer？ [译] 你选好你更喜欢的壁纸了吗？
show 短语
show off 炫耀 [例] Do stop showing off ! [译] 千万不要炫耀！
show up 到达，出现 [例] It was ten o’clock when he finally showed up. [译] 他最终出现已经十点了。
show sb around 带某人参观 [例] I showed him around our campus. [译] 我带他参观了我们校园。
speak 短语
speak out (against sth) 公开站出来（反对某事） [例] He was the only one to speak out against the proposal. [译] 只有他一个人公开反对这项提议。
speak up 大声点说 [例] Please speak up, we can’t hear you at the back. [译] 请大声点，我们在后面听不到。
stand 短语
stand for ① 代表（= represent） [例] O stands for oxygen. [译] O代表氧。
② 主张，支持（= be in favor of，support） [例] It’s hard to tell what the party stands for these days. [译] 如今这个党派是什么很难说清楚。
③ 容忍（= tolerate，put up with，bear） [例] I won’t stand for your rudeness. [译] 我不会容忍你的粗鲁。
stand out 突出，显眼；更为重要；出色 [例] She always stood out in a crowd. [译] 她在人群中总是很显眼。
stand by sb 支持；帮助；忠于 [例] His wife stood by him during his years in prison. [译] 他的妻子一直对他不离不弃。
stand by ① 袖手旁观；无动于衷 [例] How can you stand by [译] 你怎能袖手旁观？
② 做好随时行动的准备；做好准备 [例] The troops are standing by. [译] 部队随时待命出动。
stand aside ① 站到一边；让开 [例] She stood aside to let us pass. [译] 她站到一边让我们过。
② 不参与；不介入；置身事外 [例] Don’t stand aside and let others do all the work. [译] 不要袖手旁观，工