高中教非谓语——动词不定式篇课件（共18张，内嵌视频）-2025届高三英语二轮复习专项--动词不定式作定语
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| 名称 | 高中教非谓语——动词不定式篇课件（共18张，内嵌视频）-2025届高三英语二轮复习专项--动词不定式作定语 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 14.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-06 15:34:42 | ||
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文档简介
(共18张PPT)
The presentation in the college entrance examination
Infinitive
--- act as attributive
目录
01
Definition and structure
02
As the attributive
03
Exercise
04
Summary
Part 1 Definition and structure
不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由“to+动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
Definition of infinitives：
“非”谓语即就是“不是”谓语，把不能、不必做谓语的动词，用另一种形式表现，就是非谓语的形式。
主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般式 to do to be done 表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
进行式 to be doing 表示谓语动作发生时, 不定式的动作正在进行
完成式 to have done to have been done 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
基本结构: “ to + 动词原形”, to是不定式标志, 无意义, 有时不定式符号to可省略。
否定形式: not to + 动词原形
Structures of infinitive
Part 2 The Infinitive as the Attributive
Lead-in
不定式作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词、代词后面。例如：
I have a lot of work to do.
She is the first student to come to school.
There is nothing to worry about.
The conference to take place in Shanghai next week is of great impartance.
动词不定式作定语: 通常是后置定语，即放在被修饰词后。
(1)不定式作定语表示还未发生的动作。
I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to catch.（天津高考）
开会期间，我一直在看钟表，因为我要赶火车
The conference to be held in Zhengzhou next month is bound to be a great success.
下月将在郑州召开的会议一定会圆满成功。
【四川高考真题改编】
The airport （complete) next year, will help promote tourism in this area.
解析：to be completed。句意：明年竣工的机场将会帮助推动该地区旅游业的发展。分析：分析句子结构可知空处作定语修饰The airport,它所表示的动作尚未发生，故用动词不定式,且complete与The airport之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用动词不定式的被动形式。
(2)当中心词是序数词或是被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等词语修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。
【2022全国甲卷语法填空】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hicked 40 days to Xi’an， as a first step
（journey） the Belt and Road route by foot.
解析:to journey。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结构可知，journey在此为动词，表示"旅行",step前面有序数词first step,应用不定式做后置定语，故填to journey。
(3)抽象名词ability、chance、idea、wish、right、fact、excuse、promise、attempt、opportunity、way、ambition等后常用动词不定式作定语。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
注意:不定式作定语时，若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者，用主动形式;若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式。
Do you have anything to send
你有什么东西要寄吗 (不定式 to send的动作执行者是句子的主语you)
Do you have anything to be sent
你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗 (不定式to be sent的动作执行者不是句子的主语you，而是被省略的me或someone else)
【2022全国甲卷阅读改编】This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity______(do) creative things.
解析:to do。“____ do creative things”作后置定语修饰抽象名词opportunity,应用动词不定式。
Merits and demerits in writing(孰是孰非)
There is no chance to go abroad.
There is no chance of going aboard.
There is no chance going aboard.
(4)something, nothing, anything等不定代词后，常用动词不定式作定语。
We have nothing to fear but fear itself.
人最害怕的就是害怕本身。
(5)不定式作定语也可用在have … to do和there be句型中。
There is no one to take care of her.
没有一个人可以照顾她。
I have no jewelry to wear.
我没有首饰可戴。
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系等。
(1)主谓关系
We need someone to help with the work.=We need someone that can help with the work.
(2)动宾关系：由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，因此，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
There is nothing you should to worry about right now.
注意:如果被不定式修饰的名词为place、time、way等，不定式后的介词习惯上可以省去。
He had no money and no place to live (in).
(3)同位关系
We don't have enough evidence to prove that he was wrong.
1.(2019 全国卷) Picking up her “Life time Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _(retire) from her 36-year-old business.
2.(2021 北京卷) Much of this increase can be due to climiate change. The findings show a critical need （invest) in disaster prevention.
3.(2022 北京卷) As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention (harm) her, Helen started to run.
高考链接
to retire
to invest
to harm
Summarize the usages of infinitives as the attribute
Hello, my dear friends! I am greatly honoured ________ (share) the event with you. The theme of the activity is ___________ (introduce) Chinese traditional culture. During this month, there will be various activities for you ____________ (experience) the rich and colourful Chinese culture. You will have a chance___________ (make) paper-cutting or ____________ (appreciate) Chinese arts. There will be some lectures for you _________ (attend), _______ is beneficial to your understanding about China. ________ (learn) more about China, don’t hesitate _________ (contact) us and be the first ________ (sign) up for the activity.
to share
to introduce
to experience
to make
to appreciate
to attend
To learn
which
to contact
to sign
语法填空
THANKS
The presentation in the college entrance examination
Infinitive
--- act as attributive
目录
01
Definition and structure
02
As the attributive
03
Exercise
04
Summary
Part 1 Definition and structure
不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由“to+动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
Definition of infinitives：
“非”谓语即就是“不是”谓语，把不能、不必做谓语的动词，用另一种形式表现，就是非谓语的形式。
主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般式 to do to be done 表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
进行式 to be doing 表示谓语动作发生时, 不定式的动作正在进行
完成式 to have done to have been done 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
基本结构: “ to + 动词原形”, to是不定式标志, 无意义, 有时不定式符号to可省略。
否定形式: not to + 动词原形
Structures of infinitive
Part 2 The Infinitive as the Attributive
Lead-in
不定式作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词、代词后面。例如：
I have a lot of work to do.
She is the first student to come to school.
There is nothing to worry about.
The conference to take place in Shanghai next week is of great impartance.
动词不定式作定语: 通常是后置定语，即放在被修饰词后。
(1)不定式作定语表示还未发生的动作。
I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to catch.（天津高考）
开会期间，我一直在看钟表，因为我要赶火车
The conference to be held in Zhengzhou next month is bound to be a great success.
下月将在郑州召开的会议一定会圆满成功。
【四川高考真题改编】
The airport （complete) next year, will help promote tourism in this area.
解析：to be completed。句意：明年竣工的机场将会帮助推动该地区旅游业的发展。分析：分析句子结构可知空处作定语修饰The airport,它所表示的动作尚未发生，故用动词不定式,且complete与The airport之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用动词不定式的被动形式。
(2)当中心词是序数词或是被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等词语修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。
【2022全国甲卷语法填空】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hicked 40 days to Xi’an， as a first step
（journey） the Belt and Road route by foot.
解析:to journey。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结构可知，journey在此为动词，表示"旅行",step前面有序数词first step,应用不定式做后置定语，故填to journey。
(3)抽象名词ability、chance、idea、wish、right、fact、excuse、promise、attempt、opportunity、way、ambition等后常用动词不定式作定语。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
注意:不定式作定语时，若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者，用主动形式;若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式。
Do you have anything to send
你有什么东西要寄吗 (不定式 to send的动作执行者是句子的主语you)
Do you have anything to be sent
你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗 (不定式to be sent的动作执行者不是句子的主语you，而是被省略的me或someone else)
【2022全国甲卷阅读改编】This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity______(do) creative things.
解析:to do。“____ do creative things”作后置定语修饰抽象名词opportunity,应用动词不定式。
Merits and demerits in writing(孰是孰非)
There is no chance to go abroad.
There is no chance of going aboard.
There is no chance going aboard.
(4)something, nothing, anything等不定代词后，常用动词不定式作定语。
We have nothing to fear but fear itself.
人最害怕的就是害怕本身。
(5)不定式作定语也可用在have … to do和there be句型中。
There is no one to take care of her.
没有一个人可以照顾她。
I have no jewelry to wear.
我没有首饰可戴。
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系等。
(1)主谓关系
We need someone to help with the work.=We need someone that can help with the work.
(2)动宾关系：由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，因此，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
There is nothing you should to worry about right now.
注意:如果被不定式修饰的名词为place、time、way等，不定式后的介词习惯上可以省去。
He had no money and no place to live (in).
(3)同位关系
We don't have enough evidence to prove that he was wrong.
1.(2019 全国卷) Picking up her “Life time Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _(retire) from her 36-year-old business.
2.(2021 北京卷) Much of this increase can be due to climiate change. The findings show a critical need （invest) in disaster prevention.
3.(2022 北京卷) As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention (harm) her, Helen started to run.
高考链接
to retire
to invest
to harm
Summarize the usages of infinitives as the attribute
Hello, my dear friends! I am greatly honoured ________ (share) the event with you. The theme of the activity is ___________ (introduce) Chinese traditional culture. During this month, there will be various activities for you ____________ (experience) the rich and colourful Chinese culture. You will have a chance___________ (make) paper-cutting or ____________ (appreciate) Chinese arts. There will be some lectures for you _________ (attend), _______ is beneficial to your understanding about China. ________ (learn) more about China, don’t hesitate _________ (contact) us and be the first ________ (sign) up for the activity.
to share
to introduce
to experience
to make
to appreciate
to attend
To learn
which
to contact
to sign
语法填空
THANKS