2015-2016学年高中英语 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note综合微评(含答案解析）

Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
满分：120分　时间：90分钟
第　Ⅰ　卷
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
“Beauty is only skin deep.”This expression means that beauty is only a temporary surface quality.Some beauty products can cause lasting damage that goes far below the surface of the skin.
In America，many people use sunlight and non natural light to darken their skin.Health experts advise against what is called“tanning”because of its links to skin cancer.In the African country of Senegal(塞内加尔)，some women take health risks trying to do just the_opposite.
An average beauty supply shop in Dakar has many kinds of skin lightening creams and soaps.The World Health Organization says that 25% of Senegalese women use skin lightening products on a usual basis.These products can contain chemicals，like mercury(汞)，hydroquinone(对苯二酚)，etc.These are dangerous ingredients that can cause cancer and possibly other physical damage to the skin.They can actually burn the eyes and skin.
Shop worker Adama Diagne advises her visitors to avoid the stronger products that promise fast results.She uses a cream that is made from carrots，not the strong chemical，hydroquinone.She says that it is a personal choice and that no one pressures her.Some women want to be black every day，but for her，she likes to be a shade of brown.
Women in Senegal say they lighten their skin for the same reason that women all over the world make changes to their appearance.They say they want to look beautiful，to find a husband，to stand out in a crowd or simply to look great for a special event.
This thinking troubles Senegalese film maker Khardiata Pouye Sall.So，she made“This Color That Bothers Me”，a film about the subject of skin lightening.She said，“I used the most shocking images so that women would see the dangers.It is hard to understand why a woman says that dark skin is not beautiful.It is in their heads.They want to please a man，to be loved or they want to please society，to succeed.”
Ms.Sall says that the government needs to better control the marketing and the sale of skin lightening products.But she adds that education is the best way to persuade people against using them.
爱美之心人皆有之。本文论述了美容产品给人们健康带来的各种危害。
1.The underlined part“the opposite”in Paragraph 2 means some Senegalese women________.
A.use sunlight to darken their skin
B.try creams to prevent skin cancer
C.use products to lighten their skin
D.take health risks to become beautiful
答案：C　解析：考查词义理解。上文提到在美国，许多人利用阳光和非自然光线让皮肤颜色变深。在非洲的塞内加尔，一些妇女冒着健康风险进行与此相反的事情。因此可推断她们使用各种产品美白皮肤，故C项正确。
2.According to Adama Diagne，women shouldn't believe
________.
A.beauty is just a personal choice
B.a cream from carrots is healthier
C.it is beautiful to be black every day
D.a product can make you beautiful quickly
答案：D　解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段中的Shop worker Adama Diagne advises her visitors to avoid the stronger products that promise fast results.可知。
3.We can infer that women in Senegal________.
A.attract attention with shocking images
B.don't consider dark skin to be beautiful
C.find it hard to understand the true beauty
D.put beauty in the first place in their heads
答案：B　解析：考查推理判断。根据第五段中的Women in Senegal say they lighten their skin for the same reasons women all over the world make changes to their appearance.They say they want to look beautiful，...可知。
4.What is Sall's attitude towards skin lightening products？
A.Unsupportive. B．Casual.
C.Responsible. D．Positive.
答案：A　解析：考查概括总结。根据第六段中的I used the most shocking images so that women would see the dangers.和第七段中的Ms Sall says the government needs to better control the marketing and sale of skin lightening products.可知。
B
Genealogy(家谱)，the study of family history，is the second most popular hobby in America today.Millions of Americans spend their free time trying to trace(追溯)their family lines.This interest in family history is not new.In fact，as a country，America showed its first real interest in genealogy in the 1890s.At that time，organizations such as the Daughters of the American Revolution were created to connect people with ancestors who played a part in early American history.But America's interest in genealogy has grown over the past few decades，largely for two reasons.
One of the causes of genealogy's most recent growth in popularity might be Alex Haley's book Roots，which follows one man's family through slavery and all the way back to 18th century Africa.In one year，more than one million copies of the book were sold.People not only enjoyed the story of Roots，but also were interested in the idea that one man could learn so much about his family's history.The idea that a man living in America in the twentieth century might have a direct link to important moments in history inspired many Americans to do their own genealogical studies.
The Internet has also contributed to the great popularity of genealogy today because it is so convenient and vast.Before the Internet，people had to go to libraries to find information about their ancestors.But now，with a computer，anyone can access thousands of genealogy websites which contain useful information and resources.Occasionally，genealogists even meet distant members of their own families and are able to share valuable research with each other.
As the second most popular hobby in America，genealogy must be rewarding，but people don't always like what they find.One amateur genealogist was told by her grandfather that one of her ancestors was wounded during the American Civil War.She wanted to find out more about this family hero.But at last she learned that her ancestor actually fell off a wall while relaxing one afternoon and broke his arm，making him unable to join the army at all.
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国人喜欢研究家谱的原因。
5.People were attracted by Alex Haley's book Roots mainly because________.
A.it was a best seller at that time
B.it told a story about an American hero
C.it encouraged people to do genealogical studies
D.it showed people that they could learn about their ancestors
答案：D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的but also were interested in the idea that one man could learn so much about his family's history可知。
6.After the Internet was invented，genealogists can________.
A.visit many libraries
B.make the study more scientific
C.have easy access to useful information
D.meet with their family members easily
答案：C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的anyone can access thousands of genealogy websites which contain useful information and resources可知，因特网使得他们可以更便捷、更容易地获取所需信息。
7.According to the last paragraph，the amateur genealogist________.
A.enjoyed what she discovered
B.failed to complete her research
C.was disappointed with her research
D.found that her ancestor was wounded in the Civil War
答案：C　解析：推理判断题。根据末段中的but people don't always like what they find及She wanted to find out more about this family hero，通过与下文讲述的她的祖先不是在战场上受伤的事实相比较，可推断她对此应该很失望。
8.The main purpose of the text is to________.
A.inform B．educate
C.entertain D．persuade
答案：A　解析：写作目的题。本文主要介绍了美国人喜欢研究家谱的原因，主要是告诉人们一些信息，故选A项。
C
You've heard of extreme sports and extreme games，but have you ever heard of extreme pumpkin carving？Artist Ray Villafane of Arizona made the art form famous with his 3D jack o' lanterns.In the last six years，he's been invited to carve pumpkins on TV and even for the White House！Because Cleo spends most of her fall weekends selling pumpkins at her family's farm stand，she is a huge Villa fan.She couldn't wait to interview him！
Cleo：What inspired you to carve such wild and crazy pumpkins？
Ray Villafane：I guess I always felt a little bit unfulfilled whenever I sat down to carve a pumpkin.In my mid 20s，I decided to approach it in a 3D manner.It disappointed me—I kept breaking through the pumpkin and got so frustrated(挫败的)at last.Several years later，I tried it again using traditional sculpting tools，and it came out a lot better.Throughout the years，the carvings slowly improved.
Cleo：How many do you carve in one year？
RV：This number varies so much.The longer I've been carving them，the longer they take me to complete.Instead of getting faster at carving them，I find myself adding more elements(因素)，which takes more time.I carve average at least three dozen carvings a year，with about only a dozen or so of them turning out nice enough for me to want to photograph.
Cleo：Where do you get the huge pumpkins？
RV：Being that I live in Phoenix，I certainly do not get my pumpkins locally—the dry air and harsh(恶劣的)climate don't make large pumpkins.I drive to a couple of farms in California each fall.
Cleo：What advice do you have for kids who enjoy sculpting or want to try it？
RV：Have fun with it！Judge your success not by who likes it or how long it took out rather if it was fun.If you pursue(追求)doing something that you find joy in，then you can never fail.
本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了Cleo对艺术家Ray Villafane的一段采访。
9.Ray Villafane is an artist who________.
A.is a friend of Cleo
B.makes carvings on pumpkins
C.is well received by Americans
D.was invited to carve pumpkins on TV 6 years ago
答案：B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的but have you ever heard of extreme pumpkin carving？Artist Ray Villafane of Arizona made the art form famous with his 3D jack o' lanterns可知。
10.When carving the 3D pumpkins in his mid 20s，Ray Villafane________.
A.suffered a total failure
B.got help from his friends
C.was satisfied with his work
D.used traditional sculpting tools
答案：A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的It disappointed me—I kept breaking through the pumpkin and got so frustrated at last可知。
11.What do we know about Ray's carvings？
A.All of the carvings sell well.
B.The carvings cover various subjects.
C.Every carving will be photographed.
D.Only about one third of the carvings can satisfy him.
答案：D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的I carve average at least three dozen carvings a year，with about only a dozen or so of them turning out nice enough for me to want to photograph可知。
D
Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles(about 515 kilometers)long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an ever lasting supply and killed them by the mercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood，which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.
In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.
本文介绍了在美国生活的旅鸽从数量巨大、铺天盖地到踪迹难觅、逐渐灭绝的经过。
12.In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons________.
A.were the biggest bird in the world
B.lived mainly in the south of America
C.did great harm to the natural environment
D.were the largest bird population in the US
答案：D　解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，据计算，旅鸽数量最多时，有30多亿只，相当于美国鸟类总数的24%—40%。到1870年，旅鸽的数量已经减少了，但是，有人在Cincinnati附近看到鸽群的规模为1英里宽，320英里长。由此可见，在18至19世纪，旅鸽的数量最多。第一段的第二句也是关键信息。
13.The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons'________.
A.escape B．ruin
C.liberation D．evolution
答案：B　解析：考查词义猜测。根据第三段的内容可知，旅鸽的数量巨大最终导致它们灭绝。undoing意为“毁灭”，与ruin同义。
14.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons？
A.To seek pleasure B．To save other birds.
C.To make money. D．To protect crops.
答案：C　解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，商业猎人用大网来围捕旅鸽，然后运到大城市卖给餐馆，由此可见，人们捕杀旅鸽主要是为了赚钱。
15.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan？
A.It was ignored by the public.
B.It was declared too late.
C.It was unfair.
D.It was strict.
答案：B　解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知，1897年密歇根州出台了法律，禁止捕杀旅鸽。此时，人们已经十年没有看到大规模的旅鸽群出没。由此可知，保护旅鸽的法律出台太晚了。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In America，seldom do you do anywhere without hearing a principle called WIN WIN.__16__However，as time goes by，I have gradually comprehended the meaning of WIN WIN principle—it is the attitude of seeking mutual benefit.
When I was little，I used to play Chinese checkers(跳棋)which include two basic tactics(战术)：__17__The other is to block the passages of your rival.Players may apply these two totally different approaches in the game，but the key for the player to win is to continuously create paths for him even if his opponent may take advantage of it.__18__Meanwhile，some players may take another approach to prevent his opponent from moving forward at all costs.By this he may get a short term benefit，but couldn't fix attention on the final goal，thus he would never truly develop further.
__19__Its core is to achieve your objective while giving other people some benefits，so there is no real loser.One example of applying the WIN WIN principle is the voluntary system in the US.__20__
It is quite usual that some people are too selfish and never take other people's interests into consideration，while someone who really has courage to do something for the public is often called“foolish”or“stupid”．Actually helping other people can be of great delight to the helper，for he can also learn something crucial for his life such as sympathy，care，devotion，etc..So only if you take other people's interests into consideration can you assure your own gain.
A.Playing Chinese checkers really needs skill.
B.In the 1990s，a strategy called WIN WIN became widespread in the western world.
C.It was important for me after I knew its meaning.
D.One is to create paths for yourself.
E.Most Americans advocate the spirit of social service and voluntary contribution.
F.It sounded strange to me at first.
G.Finally he can always reach the destination a few steps ahead of the other player.
答案：16.F　17.D　18.G　19.B　20.E
第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to abandon myself to despair.Last year my mother__21__from a stroke(中风)and had an operation on her brain.I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no__22__what I could do to help her to relieve her__23__.Tears welled up in my eyes whenever I was alone.
Last month I__24__a precious watch，which was an 18 year old birthday gift from my father.I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights because I felt__25__about the loss.
There have been many__26__like these in my life.I could never figure out how to deal with such tough things__27__I read“If You Have a Lemon，Make Lemonade”by American writer Dale Carnegie.
“When the wise man is handed a lemon，he says，‘What__28__can I get from this？How can I__29__my situation？How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade？’”he wrote.
I suddenly__30__that life is full of ups and downs，so I need to stay__31__all the time.Now when I think of my past，I wish I could have handled things__32__.When my mother was fighting for__33__，I should have held her hands in mine，telling her things would get better instead of__34__and crying.
Several weeks ago，I took part in a campus singing competition.I didn't__35__a prize.If I had not__36__this article，I would definitely have felt__37__again.But instead，I smiled after the competition.I was happy that at least I had got some stage__38__.
Life is not just a bed of roses.There are thorns(刺)as well，but these thorns help us become__39__and strong.When life__40__us a lemon，let's try to make lemonade.
本文作者通过自己的成长经历告诉人们：要学会适应环境，接受环境。
21.A.resulted B．suffered
C.survived D．escaped
答案：B　解析：suffer from固定短语“遭受，患……病”。
22.A.hope B．wonder
C.idea D．doubt
答案：C　解析：have no idea...“不知道……”。
23A.pain B．anxiety
C.fear D．pressure
答案：A　解析：上文提到母亲患了中风，所以此句的意思应该是：我不知道我做什么才能减轻她的痛苦，pain合语境。
24.A.received B．sold
C.fixed D．lost
答案：D　解析：下文I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights because I felt__25__about the loss.有提示。
25.A.unbelievable B．shameful
C.angry D．terrible
答案：D　解析：丢失一件珍贵的礼物，应该是很难过的，所以terrible合语境。
26.A.diseases B．memories
C.incidents D．difficulties
答案：C　解析：句意：在我的生活中有许多类似的事情，incident“事件、事情”合语境。
27.A.when B．until
C.though D．since
答案：B　解析：句意：直到我看了美国作家Dale Carnegie写的《如果你有柠檬的话，请做成柠檬水》，我才懂得怎样处理这些棘手的事情。never/not...until引导时间状语从句。
28.A.lesson B．lemonade
C.decision D．challenge
答案：A　解析：lesson此处是“教训，经验”之意。
29.A.control B．accept
C.improve D．avoid
答案：C　解析：句意：我怎么能改善我的现状？improve“改善”。
30.A.realized B．thought
C.discovered D．predicted
答案：A　解析：呼应上文I could never figure out how to deal with such tough things__27__I read“If You Have a Lemon，Make Lemonade”可知此处realize合语境。
31.A.healthy B．independent
C.serious D．positive
答案：D　解析：句意：我突然意识到生活中充满起起落落，我们需要始终保持积极的心态。故D项合语境。
32.A.exactly B．differently
C.easily D．practically
答案：B　解析：根据下文作者对待母亲生病不再哭哭啼啼，而是勇敢面对，安慰母亲可知，作者的处事态度改变了。所以此空填differently。
33.A.recovery B．life
C.freedom D．happiness
答案：A　解析：前文提到母亲患了中风，所以此处填recover合语境。
34.A.shouting B．hiding
C.quarreling D．regretting
答案：B　解析：hide此处是“逃避”之意。
35.A.expect B．miss
C.win D．refuse
答案：C　解析：win a prize固定短语“获奖”。
36.A.figured out B．written down
C.found out D．come across
答案：D　解析：句意：如果我没有读过这篇文章，我会再一次感到气馁的。come across“偶然遇到，意外发现”。
37.A.embarrassed B．discouraged
C.excited D．concerned
答案：B　解析：解析见36。discouraged“气馁的，泄气的”，指没有获奖的心情。
38.A.performance B．experience
C.progress D．effect
答案：B　解析：句意为“我很高兴，因为我至少增加了一些舞台经验”。B项符合语境。
39.A.brave B．calm
C.great D．clever
答案：A　解析：生活中的磨难会使人变得勇敢和坚强，所以A项合语境。
40.A.shows B．makes
C.gives D．sends
答案：C　解析：句意：当生活给了你柠檬时，你要学会做成柠檬汁。此谚语的隐含意思是教育人要学会适应环境，接受环境。
第　Ⅱ　卷
第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节　语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being alone in outer space can be frightening.That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独的)space flight__41__(give)plenty of work to keep them busy.They were also in constant communication with people on the earth.However，__42__(be)with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone.This is__43__happens on long submarine(潜水艇)voyages.
Scientists have studied the__44__(react)of men to one another during long submarine voyages.They have found that the__45__(long)the voyage lasts，the more serious the problem of adjustment is.__46__men are shut up together for a long period，they begin to feel uneasy.Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are__47__(ordinary)acceptable.
People who are well adjusted are able to deal with stress situations much better.__48__is one reason why so much care is taken in choosing our astronauts.The men have to experience a long period of testing__49__training.One of the things__50__(test)is their behavior under stress.
答案：41.were given　42.being　43.what　44.reactions　45.longer　46.When/If　47.ordinarily　48.That　49.and
50.tested
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One cold evening during the holiday season，a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window.The little child has no shoes and his clothes were just rags.A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes.She took the child by the hand and led him into the store.There she bought her some new shoes and a complete suit of warmly clothing.They came back outside into the street，so the woman told the child to come home and have a happy holiday.The little boy looked her and asked how she was God.She smiled and replied that she was just one of his child.
答案：
One cold evening during the holiday season，a little boy about six or seven was standing out in front of a store window.The little child no shoes and his clothes were just rags.A young woman by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes.She took the child by the hand and led him into the store.There she bought some new shoes and a complete suit of clothing.They came back outside into the street， the woman told the child to home and have a happy holiday.The little boy looked her and asked she was God.She smiled and replied that she was just one of his .
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，两周前你从网上订购了一套英语书虫系列读物(Bookworm Series)，昨天才到货，且包装破损、数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：
1.介绍购物情况；
2.反映存在问题；
3.提出解决方案。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
可能用到的生词：投诉complaint n．
To whom it may concern，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
参考范文：
To_whom_it_may_concern，
I'm one of your customers.I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago，but I didn't receive them until yesterday.And much to my disappointment，the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.To make matters worse，it is not a complete set，as I found one book missing.
I'm sorry to have received such poor service，and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.Besides，I'd like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Li_Hua