(共25张PPT)
Period Ⅴ Writing——诗评
UNIT 5 POEMS
点拨 写作技巧
积累 写作素材
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1
2
4
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示例 分步写作
3
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跟踪 落实检查
1
点拨 写作技巧
一、技法指导
写诗评就是要求我们就有关诗歌进行分析和评论。当然这必须建立在很好地把握原诗主旨的基础之上，而非罗列原诗的诗句。一首好的诗歌，自然有动人之处。可侧重诗中最打动你的某一方面抒发自己的感想。
根据高考的要求，中学阶段的诗评不可能做过多的发挥，评价诗歌要言简意赅，写出精彩之处，不要拖沓冗长，重复表述。
二、篇章结构
2
积累 写作素材
一、亮点词汇
1.title v.(给书籍、乐曲等)加标题
2.be popular with/among 受……的欢迎
3.typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的
4.feel the sense of... 感觉到……
5.creative adj. 有创意的
6.arouse v. 引起
7.appeal to 吸引
8.be based on 基于……
9.have an influence on 对……有影响
10.be set in 以……为背景
11.refer to 涉及
二、高级句式
1.首段：介绍诗歌及作者
①Here is a poem titled Thoughts in a Quiet Night written by Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty，which is popular with Chinese readers.
这是一首唐代诗人李白所作的题为《静夜思》的诗，深受中国读者的喜爱。
②What do you think of the poems in the Tang Dynasty
你认为唐诗怎么样？
③These poems are popular among Chinese people and also attract lots of foreigners.
这些诗深受中国人的喜爱，也吸引了许多外国人。
2.中段：简述诗歌内容
①This poem is about nature and life，whose language is vivid and interesting.
这首诗是关于自然和生活的，其语言生动有趣。
②A Spring Morning is my favourite poem because its words are beautiful and I can feel the sense of spring in it.
《春天的早晨》是我最喜欢的诗，因为它的诗句很美，我能从中感受到春天的感觉。
3.尾段：评论感受
①I strongly recommend you to read the poem and enjoy its beauty.
我强烈建议你读这首诗，欣赏它的美。
②This poem expresses the poet’s gratitude to mother’s love and teaches us to respect our parents and appreciate their efforts.
这首诗表达了诗人对母爱的感激，并教会我们尊重父母，感恩他们的付出。
3
示例 分步写作
请根据唐朝诗人李绅的《悯农》，用英语写出这首诗的大意，并说明诗中所蕴含的作者的思想，以便向你的外国朋友推荐。
Sympathy on the Farmers
At noon，farmers are weeding，
Down the field，sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish，
Every grain is full of toiling.
注意：1.不得照抄短诗原文；2.必须结合短诗的内容，发挥想象，适当展开；3.必须突出短诗的主题，结构完整，语义连贯；4.短文不能写成诗歌形式。
第一步：要点翻译
1.这是李绅的一首诗，名叫《悯农》。
Here is a poem by Li Shen and it ______________________________________
“Sympathy on the Farmers”.
2.李绅很受中国读者欢迎。
Li Shen ________________________________________ Chinese readers.
3.夏日正午时刻，外面天气炎热；农民依然在地里除草。
______________________________________ at this summer noon time.
The farmers ________________________________________.
is titled
is popular with
It is so hot outside
are still weeding in the fields
4.他们全身湿透，汗水频繁地掉在庄稼生长的土地上。
____________________________________ and their sweat is frequently
________________________________________.The crops grow there.
5.我认为对今天的年轻一代来说，理解这首诗歌并珍惜每粒粮食是很重要的。
I think ___________________________________________________________
the poem and treasure every grain.
They are wet all over
falling into the soil
it’s very important for the young generation today to understand
第二步：词句升级
1.用过去分词作后置定语升级要点1，并与要点2合成一个带有定语从句的句子。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.用as引导的倒装句升级要点3。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who is popular with Chinese readers.
Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time，the farmers are still weeding in the fields.
3.用with复合结构和where 引导的定语从句升级要点4。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.用“it is of＋抽象名词＋主语从句”结构升级要点5。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil，where the crops grow.
I think it’s of great importance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
第三步：连句成篇
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who is popular with Chinese readers.
It goes like this：Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time，the farmers are still weeding in the fields.They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil，where the crops grow.But who knows exactly all our foods，the delicious dishes on our table，come from the hard work of the farmers
Li Shen wrote this poem in order to remind people of the importance of the farmers’ hard work.I think it’s of great importance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
跟踪 落实检查
4
请阅读下面这首纪伯伦所作的诗歌，然后按要求与提示写一篇短文。
On Children
Your children are not your children.
They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for itself.
They come through you but not from you，
And though they are with you yet they belong not to you.
You may give them your love but not your thoughts，
For they have their own thoughts.
You may house their bodies but not their souls，
For their souls dwell in the house of tomorrow，
which you cannot visit，not even in your dreams.
You may strive to be like them，
but seek not to make them like you.
For life goes not backward nor tarries with yesterday.
You are the bows from which your children
as living arrows are sent forth.
The archer sees the mark upon the path of the infinite，
and He bends you with His might
that His arrows may go swift and far.
Let your bending in the archer’s hand be for gladness；
For even as He loves the arrow that flies，
so He loves also the bow that is stable.
Kahlil Gibran
注意：1.简述诗歌描写的内容；
2.谈谈诗歌的特点和表达的情感；
3.谈谈对你的影响或让你产生的感受。
【参考范文】
The poem On Children describes parents’ relationship with their children.The poet is saying that your children are not your property，and that they are individual people with their own thoughts and souls that should be respected.Parents should not try and make their children exactly like themselves.The poet compares a parent and child to a bow and arrow to describe this relationship.The parent is the bow，which should remain stable and reliable，and the child is the arrow，which one should make sure is fired straight and true.
I think the poet was filled with love for children when he wrote this，and also knowledge that he had come to understand himself.The reason why I love this poem is that I think it will help people become better parents by showing them that it is better not to control their children too much.They should be there to look after them when they need it and guide them on their way.
THANKS
本节内容结束(共40张PPT)
Period Ⅳ Using Language & Other Parts of the Unit
UNIT 5 POEMS
听力 微技能
研读 教材原文
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1
2
4
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夯实 语言基础
3
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精析 核心要点
1
听力 微技能
利用经验常识
如果遇到一个你熟悉的主题，在听之前你可以想想你已经知道有关该主题的方方面面。利用经验常识将使你更容易预测你会听到什么内容。这也会减少你的焦虑并帮助你在听时更好地理解对话。
虽然在听录音之前很难确定题目的确切内容，但选择项的结构和内容往往暗示问题的类型和大致内容。 具体来说，在短对话中，每一道题对应的是单独的一段对话，因此每道题之间没有联系，考生预读时只有通过预读一道题来猜测该对话的主题与可能答案；而在长对话题和短文题中，同一个对话或短文对应的是数道题，这些题目之间具有联系，因此考生在预读时需要注意两点：一是注意题目之间的联系，要学会根据题目之间内容的关联作出一个前后推导；二是要综合数道题目所暗示的信息来预测长对话或短文的中心思想，因为正确选项很多时候都与中心思想相关。
【典题印证1】 Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In a bank. B.At a ticket office. C.On a train.
[听力原文]
W：May I help you
M：Yes.When is the next train to London
W：Oh，let me check.It leaves in twenty minutes.
M：One ticket，please.
[解题思路] B [对话中能提示是在售票处的关键信息有 “When is the next train”、 “let me check”和“One ticket，please”，这些都是买车票时的常用语。]
【典题印证2】 Who is Macy
A.Ed’s mother. B.Ed’s teacher. C.Ed’s friend.
[听力原文]
W：How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten，Jack
M：Oh，he’s doing fairly well.It’s been three weeks since he first started going，so Macy and I are pretty used to it now.You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day，though.
W：I think that’s a normal reaction for mothers.You live quite close to the kindergarten，don’t you How does he get there
…
[解题思路] A [由男士所说“ You should have seen Macy cry...on the first day，though.”及女士所说“ I think that’s a normal reaction for mothers.”可知，Macy在Ed上学的第一天哭了，而女士说这是作为妈妈的正常反应，由此可知Macy是Ed的妈妈。]
2
研读 教材原文
Step Ⅰ Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How do I know where the wind goes
A.I go with the wind.
B.I can detect the direction.
C.I know it by observing where the kite is blown.
D.I know it by guessing.
√
√
2.What isn’t mentioned in the first poem
A.The wind. B.A day.
C.A night. D.A tall tree.
3.What can we infer from the poem DREAM
A.No matter how hard life is，we should have a dream.
B.Dreams can change our life.
C.Life and dream are inseparable.
D.Dreams don’t have a positive influence on people.
√
√
4.What is the poem A MATCH about
A.Ideal. B.Love.
C.Friendship. D.Race.
(Ⅱ)Fill in the blanks according to the text.
wind
dreams
grow
Step Ⅱ Read for beautiful sentences
(Ⅰ)Read the example and find out the sentences that show the rhyme.
1.___________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
(Ⅱ)Read the example and find out the sentences that show the different images from the poem.
_____________________________________________________________________
...I can hear that the ends of the second and fourth sentences rhyme...
These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.
The last word from the sixth and eighth sentences also rhyme...
I learnt a new phrase，“hold fast”，which means...
When I close my eyes，I can see...I start to feel...when I read these lines!
3
夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ n.最后期限；截止日期
2.____________ n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
3.____________ vt.修改；润色；抛光 n.上光剂；抛光；擦亮
4.____________ n.细绳；线；一串 vt.悬挂；系 adj.弦乐器的；线织的
5.____________ conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
deadline
contest
polish
string
wherever
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.sonnet n. ________________
2.barren adj. ____________________
3.grief n. ____________________
4.prejudice n. ________________
vt. ___________________
十四行诗
贫瘠的；不结果实的
悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
偏见；成见
使怀有(或形成)偏见
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.dominate v.支配；控制
____________ adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
2.complicate vt.(使)复杂化，变复杂
____________ adj.复杂的；难懂的
3.contest n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
____________ n.竞争者；比赛者
dominant
complicated
contestant
4.vary vi.变化
____________ n.变化；变体；变奏曲
____________ n.品种；种类；变化
____________ adj.不同的，各种各样的
5.prejudice n.偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
____________ adj.有偏见的；有成见的；歧视的
6.race n.种族，人种
____________ adj.种族的；人种的
variation
variety
various
prejudiced
racial
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________赶得上；和……保持联系
2.______________________紧紧抓住；抓住不放；保持住
3.________________盼望
4.________________基于
5.________________除……之外(还有，也)
6.________________开始；开端；起初
7.________________关心，关怀
8.________________谋生
9.________________如果是这样的话
keep up with
hold fast to/hold onto
look forward to
based on
in addition to
in the beginning
care about
make a living
if so
10.inspire sb to do sth ________________
11.look like ________________
12.be in love with ________________
13.be sure about ________________
14.think about ________________
15.pour out ________________
鼓舞某人做某事
看起来像
爱上……
确信……
考虑
倾吐；诉说
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
[原句] Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.
使用先前的知识将使你更容易预测到你将听到的内容。
仿写： 父母相信，大量的表扬会让孩子更加自信，这实际上会对他们产生负面影响。
Parents are convinced that plenty of praise will __________________________，
which actually has a negative effect on them.
make kids more confident
2.句型公式：wherever引导让步状语从句
[原句] Wherever it blew，I should know...
无论它吹到哪里，我该知道……
仿写： 将来无论我去哪里，我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。
____________________________________，I’ll make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.
Wherever I go in the future
3.句型公式：过去分词(短语)作状语
[原句] Based on what you have learnt about Fan Zhongyan and Su Shi from this book，what do you think they have in common
根据你从这本书中对范仲淹和苏轼的了解，你认为他们有什么共同之处？
仿写： 她受了重伤，必须马上送往医院。
_________________________________，she has to be sent to hospital at once.
Seriously injured
精析 核心要点
4
1.dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
·dominate v.支配；控制
[佳句背诵] The biggest input in our economy and the dominant cost is energy.
我们经济中最大的投入和主要成本是能源。
[活学巧用] 语境辨义
Therefore，the accumulating assessment plays the dominant status in primary English teaching.__________________
It has been recognized for some time now that metaphor is a dominant and widespread feature of natural language.____________
adj.占支配地位的
adj.显著的
2.polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 n.上光剂；抛光；擦亮
·polished adj.磨光的；擦亮的；娴熟的
[佳句背诵] I’m writing to ask you to help me to polish our English short play adapted from our English textbook.(求助信，全国Ⅲ卷)
我写信是想请你帮我润色一下我们根据英语课本改编的英语短剧。
polish sth up 提高(技能)；改善(外表等)；擦亮，擦光
polish sth off 很快做完；(尤指)迅速吃光
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
You should polish ____________ your English before traveling abroad.
The children loved sliding round the newly ____________(polish) floor.
Instantly he returned home from school，he ____________________________，strode into his bedroom and began to study.(动作链)
他一从学校回到家，就狼吞虎咽地吃了两碗饭，然后大步走进卧室开始学习。
up
polished
polished off two bowls of rice
3.complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
·complicate vt.(使)复杂化，变复杂
[佳句背诵] With not so complicated plot，the short play is about that Finn and his friend Tom made a plan to save Jim from the farm.
(求助信，全国Ⅲ卷)
这部短剧情节并不复杂，讲述的是芬恩和他的朋友汤姆制订了一个从农场拯救吉姆的计划。
get complicated 变得复杂
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
A ________________ (complicate)feeling surrounded him，and he decided to cancel his plan and stay with the old madam.
However，the mixed marriages are far ____________________ (complicate) than the mere love.
The issue _______________________________________ that a vital document is missing.
由于缺少一份重要文件这个事实，问题变得复杂了。
complicated
more complicated
gets complicated by the fact
4.prejudice n.偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
·prejudiced adj.有偏见的；偏颇的
[佳句背诵] There was a deep－rooted racial prejudice long before the two countries became rivals and went to war.
早在这两个国家成为敌人并且兵戎相见之前，它们之间就有了根深蒂固的种族偏见。
have (a) prejudice against sb/sth对……有偏见
be prejudiced against... 对……有偏见
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
There is no denying that there is a little prejudice ____________ labors from African countries.
Never _____________________________________________________________ those in poverty.Instead he always conveys his genuine sympathy for them and seeks to help them.(人物介绍)
他从不对穷人抱有偏见，相反，他总是对他们表达真诚的同情并努力帮助他们。
against
does he have (a) prejudice against/is he prejudiced against
1.Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.
使用先前的知识将使你更容易预测到你将听到的内容。
句型公式|“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
(1)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
(2)make＋it＋宾语补足语(名词或形容词)＋不定式短语或从句；可用于类似结构的词还有：think，believe，suppose，find，consider，feel等。
(3)make＋oneself＋heard/understood/known让人听到/理解/知道自己
[佳句背诵]
In this way，we’ll make this interview more productive.
(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这样，我们将使访谈更有成效。
I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我觉得他对待我就像我会阻止他，可能会让他在课程中得不到“A”。
However，we find it extremely hard to use proper tone to speak the lines，which has annoyed us for quite a long time.(求助信，全国Ⅲ卷)
然而，我们发现很难用恰当的语调来说台词，这让我们很长一段时间都很恼火。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
I think ____________ necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
As middle school students，we should make it a rule ____________ (say)“No” to food waste.
You’d better speak louder to make yourself ____________ (hear) by others.
After everyone concerned was seated，there was a ceremony of raising the national flag，_______________________________.(活动介绍，天津7月卷)
当所有相关人员就座后，举行了升国旗仪式，这让我们兴奋不已。
it
to say
heard
which made us excited
2.Wherever it blew，I should know...
无论它吹到哪里，我该知道……
句型公式|wherever引导让步状语从句
(1)wherever，whenever，however，whoever，whichever，whatever 等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。
(2)whoever，whichever，whatever 等也可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone that 或anything that，但是“no matter＋疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。
[佳句背诵]
Indeed，I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance，whatever difficulties might arise.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
的确，我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了不管遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。
For example，we are taking advantage of various online programs for further study，which allow us to learn knowledge wherever we are at any time，making it easier to earn a degree.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)
例如，我们正在利用各种在线课程进行进一步学习，这些课程允许我们随时随地学习知识，从而更容易获得学位。
As far as I’m concerned，whatever method suits us best is a good choice.
(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
就我而言，任何最适合我们的方法都是一个好的选择。
[活学巧用] 选词填空(whenever/whoever/whatever)/补全句子
____________ grade the team received would be shared by both students.
(2022·浙江1月卷)
____________ I walked into the room she would hide the doll under a pillow.
____________ found and returned the glasses would receive a special gift.
________________________________________，we will try our best and we all want to be the winner.
无论我们的团队在哪里训练，我们都会尽力而为，我们都希望能赢。
Whatever
Whatever
Whoever
Wherever our team are training
THANKS
本节内容结束(共24张PPT)
UNIT 5 POEMS
读后续写微技能五
情绪描写之各种“哭”
1.She hugged her child tightly with her eyes flooded with tears of gratitude.
她紧紧地抱住孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。
2.When the girl heard the news，her heart ached，and she started to sob，and couldn’t stop crying.
听到这个消息，女孩心痛，她开始抽泣起来，哭个不停。
3.There was a lump in my throat and I felt I would cry.
我哽咽了，我觉得我要哭了。
4.His eyes were filled with tears as his hard work paid off.
因为他的努力得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。
5.He held/fought back his tears and tried to comfort her.
他忍住泪水，并试图安慰她。
The next evening we welcomed Mrs Mueller back at her door.She slowly made her way into the house and turned on the lights.Greeted by the sparkling Christmas tree，Mrs Mueller was rooted to the spot，1._____________________.
Then a sweet smile appeared on her face and 2.____________________________.
3.____________________________ and said softly，“Thank you so much.”
第二天晚上，我们在米勒太太家门口迎接她。她慢慢地走进屋子，打开了灯。看到闪闪发光的圣诞树，米勒太太呆呆地站在那里，显得很惊讶。然后，她脸上露出了甜蜜的微笑，泪水涌上了她的眼睛。她强忍住泪水，轻声说：“非常感谢。”
looking surprised
tears welled up in her eyes
She held back her tears
研读 教材原文
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking——通文本
Step Ⅰ Read for the main idea
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.Various reasons for writing poems.
B.How to recite a poem.
C.Some simple forms of English poems.
D.How to learn a poem.
√
2.Match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Para.1) A.Types of poems and their characteristics.
Part 2 (Paras.2－6) B.Encourage readers to write their own poems.
Part 3 (Para.7) C.Reasons for people composing poetry.
答案 Part 1 C Part 2 A Part 3 B
Step Ⅱ Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Answer the following questions.
1.Why do people compose poetry
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the first paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions. If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader’s mind.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
写诗________________________________________
叙事________________________________________
描述某个形象________________________________________
在读者的心中________________________________________
传达某些情感________________________________________
compose poetry
tell a story
describe a certain image
in the reader’s mind
convey certain feelings
2.What are distinctive characteristics of poetry
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the first paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions. If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words，descriptive and vivid language，integrated imagery，literary devices such as similes and metaphors，and arrangement of words，lines，rhymes，and rhythm.
用词简洁________________________________________
语言生动形象________________________________________
整合的意象________________________________________
文学手法________________________________________
比喻和隐喻________________________________________
词的排列________________________________________
economical use of words
descriptive and vivid language
integrated imagery
literary devices
simile and metaphor
arrangement of words
√
(Ⅱ)Read the text quickly and choose the best answer.
1.What is the baby’s father going to buy if the mockingbird won’t sing in Poem A
A.A billy goat. B.A diamond ring.
C.A looking glass. D.A cart and bull.
√
2.The reasons why many children enjoy nursery rhymes are as follows EXCEPT that ________.
A.they have a strong rhythm
B.they are easy to learn
C.they are easy to recite
D.they are traditional poems or folk songs
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Poem B
A.Shells on the shore.
B.Cottages on the hills.
C.Dewdrops on the grass.
D.Butterflies on the lawn.
√
4.What kind of feeling is conveyed in Poem B
A.Sorrow. B.Love.
C.Happiness. D.Loneliness.
5.What kind of feeling is conveyed in Poem F
A.Loneliness. B.Sorrow.
C.Love. D.All the above.
√
√
Step Ⅲ Read between the lines
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How is the text organized
A.Topic—Argument—Explanation.
B.Opinion—Discussion—Description.
C.Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples.
D.Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion.
2.How many forms of poetry are mentioned in this passage
A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.
√
√
Step Ⅳ Read beyond the lines
Are poems good for our life What can we get from poems？(Critical thinking)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step Ⅴ Sentence－learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
[句式分析] 此句为复合句。“One of the simplest kinds of poem is the ‘list poem’”为主句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“list poem”，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions”。
尝试翻译：_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
最简单的一种诗歌形式之一是“清单诗”，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、思想或描述。
2.Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines.
[句式分析] 此句为复合句。“Another simple form of poem is the cinquain”为主句；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词“simple form of poem”；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the cinquain”。
尝试翻译：________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
另一种业余爱好者可以轻易写出的简单诗歌形式是五行诗，它是由五行诗句组成的。
3.It is easy to write and，like the cinquain，can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words.
[句式分析] 此句是简单句。“It is easy to write”使用了“be＋adj.＋to do”结构，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动含义；“using very few words”为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
尝试翻译：________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
它(俳句)易于创作，而且与五行诗一样，寥寥数语即可展现一幅清晰的画面，创造出一种特殊的情感。
Step Ⅵ Post－reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
There are various reasons 1.____________ people compose poetry.Some poems tell a story or describe 2._____________ certain image in the reader’s mind.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.Poets use many different forms of poetry to express 3.______________(them).Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy 4.______________(learn) and recite.One of the
why
a
themselves
to learn
simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，5.____________ contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain，6.____________(make) up of five lines. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.It is not a 7._________________(tradition) form of English poetry，but is very popular 8.___________________ English writers.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry 9.____________________ (translate) into English.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may 10.______________(eventual) want to write poems of your own.
which
made
traditional
with
has been translated
eventually
THANKS
本节内容结束(共39张PPT)
Period Ⅱ Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language——析考点
UNIT 5 POEMS
2
///////
夯实 语言基础
1
///////
精析 核心要点
1
夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ vt.背诵；吟诵；列举
2.____________ n.蝴蝶
3.____________ n.情绪；心情；语气
4.____________ n.(pl.shelves)架子；搁板
5.____________ adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的 n.空白；空格 v.突然忘掉
6.____________ n.版本，(从不同角度的)说法
recite
butterfly
mood
shelf
blank
version
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.folk adj. _____________________________
2.bull n. ________________
3.core n. ___________________________
4.seed n. __________________
5.delicate adj. __________________________
民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
公牛
核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
种子；起源；萌芽
精美的；精致的；脆弱的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.drama n.戏；剧；戏剧艺术
____________ adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的
____________ adv.突然地；戏剧性地；引人注目地
2.sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
____________ adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
3.image n.形象
____________ n.形象的描述；意象；像
dramatic
dramatically
sorrowful
imagery
4.literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的
____________ n.文学；著作；文献
5.respective adj.分别的；各自的
____________ adv.分别；各自；依次为
6.comprehend vt.理解；懂；领会
_______________ adj.综合性的；全面的
_______________ n.理解力；领悟力；理解练习
7.sympathy n.同情；赞同
____________ adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
literature
respectively
comprehensive
comprehension
sympathetic
8.innocence n.天真；单纯；无罪
____________ adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
9.correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
_______________ n.来往信件；通信联系
______________ n.记者；通信员
innocent
correspondence
correspondent
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________有意义；讲得通
2.________________转向
3.________________由……组成(构成)
4.________________由……组成
5.________________受……的欢迎
6.________________简明恰当；简洁中肯
7.________________把……翻译成……
make sense
turn to
be made up of
consist of
be popular with
to the point
translate...into...
8.choose from ________________
9.of one’s own ________________
10.learn about ________________
11.make a difference ________________
从……中选择
属于某人自己的
了解
有影响，有关系
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：why引导定语从句
[原句] There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
仿写： 我不得不独自照顾她的原因是我父母都出差了。
The reason ____________________________________________________
was that my parents both went on business.
why I had to look after her on my own
2.句型公式：be＋adj.＋to do
[原句] The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗可能没什么意义，甚至看来自相矛盾，但它们容易学习和背诵。
仿写：令我很不满意的是，手机不好操作，给我带来了很多不便。
Much to my dissatisfaction，the cellphone _____________________________，
causing me much inconvenience.
is not easy to operate
3.句型公式：some...，while others...
[原句] Some rhyme (like B and C)，while others do not.
有些押韵(如诗歌B和诗歌C)，而另一些则不押韵。
仿写： 一些人去收集不同种类的废料，而另一些人则试图充分利用这些材料。
_____________________________________ different kinds of waste materials，___________________________________________________________________.
Some went to collect
while others tried to make full use of these materials
4.句型公式：with复合结构
[原句] With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你可能最终想写自己的诗。
仿写： 由于有很多问题要处理，他下周会很忙。
________________________________________，he will be busy next week.
With a lot of problems to deal with
精析 核心要点
2
1.sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
·sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
·sorrowfully adv.悲伤地
[佳句背诵] Worse still，his father，who was in deep sorrow，lost his job at the same time.
更糟糕的是，他的父亲深陷悲痛之中，同时也失去了工作。
to one’s sorrow 使某人悲伤的是
drown one’s sorrows 借酒浇愁
in sorrow 悲伤地
sorrow at/over/for sth 对某事感到悲伤
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
____________ his sorrow，none of them were in favour of him.
In those days，I felt very ____________(sorrow) because I thought neither of my parents cared about me.
_________________________________________________________________
his friend’s accident.(情绪描写)
听到朋友出事的消息，他表示哀伤。
To
sorrowful
He expressed his sorrow at/over/for the news of
My mother ________________________________________________________，
her head bowing over her arms and her body shaking with sob.(情绪＋动作描写)
母亲悲伤而懊悔地坐在我床边的椅子上，低着头，双臂抱在怀里，全身因抽泣而颤抖。
sank in the chair near my bed with sorrow and regret
2.mood n.情绪；心情；语气
·moody adj.喜怒无常的
[佳句背诵] Depressed，she felt in no mood to do anything but weep in her room.(情绪描写)
她很沮丧，除了在房间里哭泣，什么也不想做。
in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
put sb in a better mood 使某人心情更好
be/feel in the/no mood for... 有/没……的心情
be/feel in the/no mood to do sth 有/没做某事的心情
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
I was ____________ (mood)，depressed，lonely，and I didn’t smile much.
________________________________________ she almost jumped up，tears of happiness filling her eyes.(情绪描写)
简心情如此好，以至于她几乎要跳起来，眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。
moody
Jane was in such a good mood that
3.sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
·sympathy n.同情；赞同
[佳句背诵] She was very sympathetic to/towards the problems of adult students.
她对成年学生的问题很同情。
(1)be sympathetic to/towards对……有同情心/赞同
(2)show/feel/have/express sympathy for 同情/体恤……
in sympathy with 赞同；支持
out of sympathy with 不赞成；不支持
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译
Even though David couldn’t run fast due to his body disability，we all were ____________ sympathy with his joining in the running race.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
_______________________________________ your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.(慰问信)
你在北京突然生病，我写信深表同情。
in
I’m writing to express my sympathy for
Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。(新高考Ⅰ卷)
→Mrs Meredith ____________________________________，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic)
→Mrs Meredith ____________________________________，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy)
was sympathetic towards/to the poor
had sympathy for the poor
4.correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系
·correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
·correspondent n.记者；通信员
[佳句背诵] The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.
编辑欢迎读者就任何问题来信。
(1)in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系
(2)correspond with sb 和某人通信
correspond to/with sth 与某物相一致；符合
correspond to sth 类似于；相当于
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译
What we required you to do is corresponding ____________ the contract.
I have been corresponding ____________ him since we graduated from college.
Only when we make our actions ______________________________________
can we win the trust of others.(主旨升华)
只有言行一致，我们才能赢得他人的信任。
to/with
with
correspond with/to our words
我过去经常写信与朋友联络，而现在网络使我们的沟通更方便了。
→I used to _______________________________________ while now the Internet makes our communication more convenient.(correspond)
→I used to be ____________________________________ while now the Internet makes our communication more convenient.(correspondence)
correspond with my friends
in correspondence with my friends
5.be made up of 由……组成(构成)
[佳句背诵] Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times.We should be brave in front of difficulties.(主旨升华)
生活不仅由阳光组成，也由艰难的时光组成。我们应该在困难面前勇敢。
(1)be made up of (＝be composed/comprised of＝consist of) 由……组成(或构成)
be made of 由……制成(从制成品中能看出原材料)
be made from 由……制成(从制成品中一般看不出或很难看出原材料)
be made into 被制成……
(2)make up 编造；化妆；和好
make up for 弥补
make out 理解；辨认；开具(发票等)
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/同义句转换
You are not telling the truth.You are just making ____________ a story.
I made a commitment to my sick partner determinedly，“While I am not good at doing a project，I will ________________________________________
and perseverance.”(2022·浙江1月卷)
我坚定地对我生病的搭档做出承诺：“虽然我不擅长做项目，但我会用努力和毅力来弥补它。”
up
make up for it with hard work
The medical team made up of three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake－stricken area.
→The medical team ___________________________________ three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake－stricken area.
A life worth living should be made up of continuous efforts and progress.
→A life worth living should ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
→A life worth living should ________________________________________.
consisting of
be composed/comprised of continuous efforts and progress
consist of continuous efforts and progress
1.There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
句型公式|why 引导定语从句
(1)That’s why...那就是为什么……(why引导表语从句表示结果)
(2)That’s because...那是因为……(because引导表语从句表示原因)
(3)The reason why...is/was that...
……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)
[佳句背诵]
You have a full preparation before this event，which is the most important reason why you show up here.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你在这次活动之前有充分的准备，这是你出现在这里的最重要原因。
The mother’s eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray.That was because the twins gave her a surprising gift.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
母亲一看到早餐托盘就睁大了眼睛。那是因为这对双胞胎给了她一份令人惊讶的礼物。
That was why I just played in the shallow part of the sea.
这就是为什么我只是在海的浅水区玩耍。
The reason why you should show up is that you have made full preparations for this event.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你应该出席的原因是你已经为这次活动做了充分的准备。
[名师点津] 先行词是the reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which。
There are several reasons which account for my preference.
有几个原因可以解释我的偏好。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
A bright smile shone on Tom’s face like a diamond.The reason ____________ he explained to me was that he won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.
The reason ____________ I am starving for the position is that I can help foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture.(申请信)
_________________________________________________________________
is that we must protect the environment and the earth.(倡议书)
我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。
(that/which)
why
The reason why we advocate building a low－carbon campus
2.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗可能没什么意义，甚至看来自相矛盾，但它们容易学习和背诵。
句型公式|be＋adj.＋to do
此句型结构为：主语＋系动词＋形容词＋动词不定式，使用此结构需具备两个前提条件：
(1)常用的形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
(2)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
[佳句背诵]
Secondly，being polite and friendly，I am easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.(申请信)
其次，我有礼貌，很友好，很容易与他人相处，也很喜欢与他人一起工作。
The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.
这辆自行车似乎太重，难以控制。
Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me，they are easy to answer.
尽管有些问题对我来说似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。
[活学巧用] 补全句子/同义句转换
______________________________________ and he has good communication skills，so please take my recommendation into account.(推荐信)
他很容易相处，而且有很好的沟通技巧，所以请把我的推荐纳入考虑。
In summer，fresh air ____________________________________ and natural scenery _______________________________.
在夏季，人们可以舒服地呼吸新鲜空气，愉悦地享受自然风光。
He is easy to get on with
is comfortable to breathe
is pleasant to enjoy
It is not difficult to change your present situation if you take the above suggestions.(建议信)
→___________________________________________________________________
if you take the above suggestions.(用“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”改写)
Your present situation is not difficult to change
THANKS
本节内容结束(共42张PPT)
Period Ⅲ Grammar——复习定语从句
UNIT 5 POEMS
图解 语法脉络
感知 语法规律
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
精讲 语法知识
3
///////
跟踪 落实检查
1
图解 语法脉络
2
感知 语法规律
观察下面的句子，并感知定语从句的用法。
1.List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.
2.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
3.The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
6.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
7.There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
8.Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher talked just now
9.Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines.
10.The haiku poem[E] on the right is a translation from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.
3
精讲 语法知识
一、关系代词的用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主、宾、表
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾、表
that 人或物 主、宾、表
as 人或物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定
We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
我们有学生说他们回家和父母谈过了，现在他们的饮食习惯不一样了。
One day I read the last chapter of a book，the title of which I’ve long since forgotten.(2023·全国乙卷)
有一天，我读了一本书的最后一章，书名我早就忘记了。
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这本书的第二部分将更深入地探讨一些想法，这些想法将帮助你培养一种可持续的数字极简主义生活方式。
Fruit juices，milk－based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax，as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
(2023·全国甲卷)
果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒精饮料都是免税的，每年生产量不到100万升的小公司也是如此。
Even though Britain has a reputation for less－than－impressive cuisine，it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.(2023·全国乙卷)
尽管英国在烹饪方面有着不那么令人印象深刻的名声，但它正在培养出更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的菜谱经常登上畅销书排行榜的榜首。
[名师点津] (1)关系代词who，whom，which，that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that。who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。直接跟在介词后面作宾语时，只能用whom，且不能省略。
(2)whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的，某物的”之意。whose表示物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which；表示人时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of whom。
She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied，all of whom were from Sweden，so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
(关系代词whom作介词of的宾语，且不能省略，2022·浙江1月卷)
她还承认研究对象相对较少且都是来自瑞典的女性，因此研究结果可能不适用于其他群体。
I’m writing to tell you that our school has scheduled a Chinese speech contest，whose theme is “China in My Eyes”.
→I’m writing to tell you that our school has scheduled a Chinese speech contest，the theme of which is “China in My Eyes”.
我写信告诉你，我们学校已经安排了一场中文演讲比赛，主题是“我眼中的中国”。
Dr.Rowan，whose secretary resigned two weeks ago，has had to do all his own typing.(天津7月卷)
→Dr.Rowan，the secretary of whom resigned two weeks ago，has had to do all his own typing.
罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职，他不得不自己打字。
(3)as用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有such，so，as或the same等修饰，且as在从句中作宾语时不能省略。
Believe it or not，we have found such materials as are used in that factory.
信不信由你，我们已经找到了那家工厂使用的材料。
二、关系代词that和which的用法区别
只用that 的情况 ①先行词是all，much，few，little，everything，anything，something，nothing，none等不定代词时
②先行词被any，few，little，much，some，no等词修饰或被the only，the very，the same，the last等修饰时
③先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时
④先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词对其进行修饰时
⑤先行词既指人又指物时
⑥主句是who或which等引出的特殊疑问句时
⑦先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语时
只用which 的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that
②介词后边用which不用that
I work on anything that excites me.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我做任何让我兴奋的事。
That is the only French phrase (that) I mastered，and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这是我唯一掌握的法语短语，可惜我没有常用它。
So the first thing (that) we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth－floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
所以，我们做的第一件事就是租一套昂贵的第六层公寓，只有橱柜大小。
The famous writer and his book that you referred to just now are well－known now.
你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非常有名。
However，that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus，which accommodated around 250，000 people.(2021·全国乙卷)
然而，与该市的马克西姆斯马戏团相比，这只不过是小巫见大巫，该马戏团可容纳约25万人。
It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
碰巧在我们的春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，对于春假除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有其他计划。
三、关系副词的用法
关系副词when，why，where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词，并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词(只用reason) 原因状语
Some of our memories are funny，especially from the early years when our children were little.
(关系副词when在从句中作时间状语，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在我们的孩子还小的时候。
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike.(关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，2022·全国甲卷)
每个周末，这是“威尔士”顶级喜剧俱乐部，在这里度过一段美好时光是观众和喜剧明星的共同要求。
The reason why I am writing to you is that I quarreled with my friend Lucy and I need your help now.(关系副词why在从句中作原因状语)
我给你写信的原因是我和我的朋友露西吵架了，我现在需要你的帮助。
[名师点津]
(1)当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，但在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
(2)当先行词为表示方式的the way且在从句中作状语时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which，或省略不用。
(3)表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，stage，career，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
(4)occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
After a while，she apologized for the way (in which/that) she behaved at the beginning.(全国Ⅲ卷)
过了一会儿，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。
You could get into a situation where (＝in which) you have to decide immediately.
你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻做出决定。
There are occasions when(＝on which) one must yield.(时间状语)
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
四、“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
1.“介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介词＋which/whom，并且不能省略。
This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children，artists，writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things.(2022·全国甲卷)
这座特殊的建筑是一个制作戏剧的地方，儿童、艺术家、作家和其他任何人都有机会在这里做创造性的事情。
As a businesswoman，I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection，customers can also drive you mad.(全国Ⅲ卷)
作为一名女商人，我非常关心我的客户。但是，就像任何你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你发疯。
2.“介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择：一先，二动，三意义。
(1)“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。
Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.(天津7月卷)
餐厅可以提供音乐选择和菜单上的各种食物选择，让顾客能够更好地控制用餐环境。
Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，among whom thirty were girls.
来自20个班级的90名学生参加了比赛，其中30名是女生。
(2)“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。
We all should try our best to save our limited food resources，on which we depend for a better life.
我们都应该尽最大努力节约我们有限的食物资源，我们依赖这些资源过更美好的生活。
(3)“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.(四川卷)
听和说对于语言学习非常重要，通过此种方式你一定会取得很大进步。
[名师点津]
(1)介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。
(2)“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
Our class also has problems of its own，one of which is the students’ laziness.
我们班也有自己的问题，其中之一就是学生的懒惰。
After an hour’s ride，we reached Jane’s home，in front of which stood a worried woman.
经过一个小时的车程，我们到达了简的家，前面站着一个忧心忡忡的女人。
五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
和先行词的关系密切(删除后影响整个句子意义的表达) 和先行词关系不密切(起补充说明的作用，删掉后不影响整个句子意思的表达)
不用逗号隔开 一般用逗号隔开
可用that/which/whom等引导 不可以用that引导，只能用which/whom等引导
只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 既可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰主句或主句的一部分
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.(that引导限制性定语从句，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区。
Sadiya’s efforts opened the wisdom door for them，which would surely make a great difference to their lives.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
萨迪亚的努力为他们打开了智慧之门，这肯定会给他们的生活带来巨大的改变。
The downturn hit the real estate firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.(where引导限制性定语从句，2022·浙江1月卷)
经济衰退打击了她作为办公室经理工作了十年的房地产公司。
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland，where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”.
(where引导非限制性定语从句，2022·浙江1月卷)
故事开始于18世纪的最后几年，在苏格兰，瓦特完善了“改变世界的机器”。
[名师点津]
(1)关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
(2)关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，但可用 for which来代替why。
2.as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别
as 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整句话或整件事。可放在主句前、中、后，as常意为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report等
which 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整句话或整件事也可修饰先行词。只能置于主句后，常意为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系
As you see，the students in our school are always hard－working.(北京卷)
如你所见，我们学校的学生总是很用功。
Last week，we took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture，which turned out to be extremely rewarding.(北京卷)
上周，我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化，这一点结果证明非常值得。
跟踪 落实检查
4
Ⅰ.用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1.New power machinery and artificial fertilizers have now totally transformed a way of life ____________ started in the Stone Age.(浙江7月卷)
2.Kim Cobb，a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta，is one of a small but growing minority of academics ____________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.(2022·浙江1月卷)
3.First announced in April，2016，the tax _____________ applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).(2022·全国乙卷)
that/which
who/that
which/that
4.On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people that clean water is something ____________ everyone should have around the world.(浙江1月卷)
5.There’s never a stage at ____________ the system knows what it’s talking about.(2023·浙江1月卷)
6.The first is declining birth rates，____________ means old generations are large compared to younger generations.(浙江1月卷)
7.Second，I think，the photos in the album can easily remind Mr Li of his lovely students and the good days __________ he got together with us.
that
which
which
when
8.Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(全国Ⅰ卷)
9.Can you help me to think of a reason _____________ seems reasonable for my being absent
10.The factory ____________ which I’m working mainly produces computers.
11.I collected some books，____________ covers are yellow with years.
12.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p.m.，by ___________ time many people have gone home.
where
that/which
in
whose
which
13.He didn’t pass the exam，____________ we had expected.
14.He is the man ____________ came to see you yesterday.
15.A guide led us to the strawberry field，____________ we saw fresh inviting red strawberries.
as
who
where
Ⅱ.同义句转换
1.In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.(全国Ⅲ卷)
→In ancient China lived an artist ______________________________________
were almost lifelike.
2.He handed me a pen，and I wrote down my name with it.
→He handed me a pen，___________________________________ my name.
the paintings of whom
with which I wrote down
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.This is the village ___________________________________________________.
这就是十年前我们工作过的那个村庄。
2.I took a photo of the students，________________________________________.
我给学生们拍了一张照片，其中坐着一位老师。
3.On the Internet，people can seek information about their favorite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well，______________________________________.
在互联网上，人们可以寻找他们最喜欢的明星的信息，也可以打折买票，这既省时又经济实惠。
where we worked ten years ago
among whom was seated a teacher
which is both time－saving and economical
THANKS
本节内容结束(共10张PPT)
单元知识回顾
UNIT 5 POEMS
Ⅰ.默写词块
一、教材词块默写
1._________________________________________描述读者心中的某种形象
2.______________________表达某些情感
3.________________________用词简洁
4.____________________表达他们自己的想法
5.____________________玩文字游戏
6.__________________________围绕一个特定的主题展开
describe a certain image in the reader’s mind
convey certain feelings
economical use of words
express themselves
play with the words
develop a particular theme
7._______________________________________展现出强烈的画面或某种情绪
8._____________________描绘出一幅清晰的画面
9._______________________创造出一种特别的感觉
10._________________________________________________
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供从中选择
11.___________________紧紧抓住梦想
12.________________________一只折了翅膀的鸟儿
13._________________贫瘠的荒野
14.__________________雪覆冰封
convey a strong picture or a certain mood
give a clear picture
create a special feeling
with so many different forms of poetry to choose from
hold fast to dreams
a broken－winged bird
a barren field
frozen with snow
二、讲解词块默写
1.________________令某人悲痛的是
2.__________________对……有同情心/赞同
3._______________________与……一致；与……有通信联系
4.______________________________________由……组成
5.________________擦光；润饰；使完美
6.________________变得复杂
to one’s sorrow
be sympathetic to
in correspondence with
be composed of/be made up of/consist of
polish up
get complicated
7.________________很快做完；(尤指)很快吃完
8.________________________与某物相一致
9._______________________________________同情某人
10.________________编造；化妆；和好
polish off
correspond to/with sth
show/feel/have/express sympathy for sb
make up
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.The reason ______________________________________ was that he had never studied hard.
他考试不及格的原因是他从来没有努力学习。
2.Those old people are so kind that ______________________________________
and try their best to help them.
那些老人非常善良，他们同情有困难的人，并尽力帮助他们。
3.They ___________________________________________________________.
他们很友好而且极易相处。
why he didn’t pass the exam
they are sympathetic to people in trouble
are very friendly and easy to get along with
4.We _____________________________________________________________
since we got separated.
自从我们分开以来，我们一直在通信。
5.Mr Huang is born a good English teacher because he can always
_________________________________________________________________
that we all enjoy having English classes.(人物介绍，全国Ⅰ卷)
黄老师天生是一个好的英语老师，因为他总是能使他的课变得有趣且有吸引力，我们都喜欢上英语课。
have been in correspondence with each other
make his classes so interesting and attractive
Ⅲ.语法填空——核心考点语境串记
Tom and John were brothers.John was fond of plants 1.____________ Tom was literary.Tom was crazy about writing poems，2.____________ (include) some nursery rhymes.His nursery rhymes often 3.____________ (refer) to some lively animals，such as billy goats，bees,bulls,butterflies，mockingbirds，and so on.Most of them were easy 4.____________(recite).To make his poems more 5.____________(access)，he set up a center，which was made up of three rooms.He often taught the children how to write a poem in the center.John was 6._______________(interest) in all kinds of plants in nature.He spent much of his
while
including
referred
to recite
accessible
interested
time 7.____________ (enjoy) the delicate blossoms.While enjoying the flowers，he was like 8.____________ innocent child.In addition，he was 9.____________ (sympathy) to the poor children and taught them something about folk songs.He 10.____________ (strong) objected to racial prejudice，hoping that each child could live a happy life.
enjoying
an
sympathetic
strongly
THANKS
本节内容结束
