(共23张PPT)
Period Ⅴ Writing——书评
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
点拨 写作技巧
积累 写作素材
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2
4
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示例 分步写作
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跟踪 落实检查
1
点拨 写作技巧
一、技法指导
我们读完一本书，想要就这本书发表一些看法，并把这些看法写成文章，这就是书评。书评属于夹叙夹议类写作范畴，要简单介绍图书的基本内容，同时，对其特点、风格、主要成就以及缺陷等给予简明扼要的评论。语言要言简意赅；点评要画龙点睛。
二、篇章结构
2
积累 写作素材
一、亮点词汇
1.publish 出版
2.be translated into... 被译成……
3.be moved by 被……感动
4.be inspired by 被……激励
5.share a classic book 分享一本经典书籍
6.exchange our views 交换我们的意见
7.enrich our everyday life 丰富我们的日常生活
8.broaden our horizons 开阔我们的视野
9.share reading experience 分享阅读经验
10.gain a lot from the reading activity 从阅读活动中收获很多
11.be touched by the plot 被情节感动
12.be worth reading 值得阅读
二、高级句式
1.首段：开门见山，引出书目
①His Dark Materials by the English writer，Philip Pullman，is one of the greatest fantasy novels.
英国作家菲利普·普尔曼的《黑暗物质三部曲》是最伟大的幻想小说之一。
②Published in 1995，it has sold 18 million copies and has been translated into more than 40 languages.
该书于1995年出版，已售出1 800万册，并被翻译成40多种语言。
2.中段：详细介绍作品内容
It was a very tough trip，and no one could imagine the danger ahead of them.
这是一次非常艰苦的旅行，没有人能想象他们将要面对的危险。
3.尾段：阐述观点
Maybe the book report should be objective but I have to say this book touches my heart deeply.
也许读书报告应该是客观的，但我不得不说，这本书深深地触动了我的心。
3
示例 分步写作
根据下列提示，写一篇关于马克·吐温及其作品《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的评论。
1.马克·吐温(Mark Twain)，美国作家，本名塞缪尔·兰霍恩·克莱门斯(Samuel Langhorne Clemens)(1835－1910)，马克·吐温是其笔名，出生于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)岸边的小城。
2.代表作(masterpiece)之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)。这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走，和吉姆在密西西比河流浪的故事。
3.哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物涵盖了社会各个阶层(walk)，因此这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会。
4.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学史上是一部经典的作品。
第一步：要点翻译
1.马克·吐温的真名是塞缪尔·兰霍恩·克莱门斯(1835－1910)。他是一位美国作家。他以他的故事而闻名。
Mark Twain’s real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835－1910).He was ______________________________________________________________.
He _______________________________________________________________.
2.马克·吐温在密西西比河岸边的一个小镇上长大。
Mark Twain ____________________________________________________
of the Mississippi River.
an American writer
was famous for his stories
grew up in a small town on the banks
3.他的杰作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。
___________________________________________________ is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
4.小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩离家出走，沿着密西西比河流浪的故事。
The novel tells Huckleberry Finn _____________________________________
________________________________________ the Mississippi River.
5.如果他没有遇见吉姆，以后就不会发生这样不寻常的事情。
If he hadn’t met Jim，_______________________________________________
later on.
One of his brilliant masterpieces
running away from home and
wandering down
there could never have been such extraordinary things
6.哈克贝利·费恩遇到的人来自社会的各个阶层。这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会。
The people that Huckleberry Finn meets ________________________________.
The novel vividly ________________________________________ at that time.
7.总的说来，从许多方面来看，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是美国文学史上的一部经典小说。
Generally speaking，_________________________________，The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is _________________________ in American literature.
cover all walks of the society
reflects the society
considered in many aspects
a classic novel
第二步：词句升级
1.用形容词短语作状语和whose引导的非限制性定语从句升级要点1
Mark Twain，______________________________ Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835－1910)，was an American writer，______________________________.
2.用whose 引导的非限制性定语从句升级要点2和要点3
Mark Twain，______________________________________________________ The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，grew up in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River.
whose real name was
famous for his stories
one of whose brilliant masterpieces is
3.用with复合结构升级要点6
___________________________________________________________________，the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
With the people that Huckleberry Finn meets covering all walks of the society
第三步：连句成篇
Mark Twain，whose real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835－1910)，was an American writer，famous for his stories.
Mark Twain，one of whose brilliant masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，grew up in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River.The novel tells Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River.Soon he makes the acquaintance of a slave，Jim.If he hadn’t met Jim，there could never have been such extraordinary things later on.With the people that Huckleberry Finn meets covering all walks of the society，the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Generally speaking，considered in many aspects，The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a classic novel in American literature.
跟踪 落实检查
4
请根据下面的提示写一篇短评。
1.欧内斯特·沙克尔顿和他的船员们一起登上了名为“坚忍”号的大船。途中“坚忍”号被冰山困住了，大家弃船后逃到了象岛。沙克尔顿驾船去寻求帮助。最后，尽管困难重重，船员们还是活了下来。
2.在这个故事里面船员之间真诚的关心和爱以及他们在困难面前的忍耐力和毅力使我深受鼓舞。
3.从这个故事中我学到一个道理：无论遇到任何困难，都不要放弃！
【参考范文】
This story is about the 1914－1916 expedition by Ernest Shackleton to make the first land crossing of Antarctica.
Ernest Shackleton and his crew went aboard the ship named Endurance.Unfortunately，on the way Endurance became stuck in the ice，sinking into the ocean.Having abandoned the ship，they escaped to the Elephant Island.Shackleton made a commitment to save them，so he resolved to turn to others for help.Although they got into a panic and there were many difficulties，the crew managed to survive.
I was deeply moved by the concern and love between them and I’m also inspired by their endurance and perseverance in face of difficulties.In a word，I have learned an important lesson from the inspiring story.That is，if we were to meet with difficulties，we would never give up.
THANKS
本节内容结束(共49张PPT)
Period Ⅳ Using Language & Other Parts of the Unit
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
听力 微技能
研读 教材原文
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1
2
4
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夯实 语言基础
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精析 核心要点
1
听力 微技能
区分原因与结果
在对话中，说话者可能谈论因果关系。原因通常用“Due to...”“The reason for this is...”“because...”表达；结果通常用“That’s why...”“This means...”“so as to...”“so that...”表达。
【解题技巧】
因果题型较为容易，考生只需按照听力题的常规方法，即浏览选项、预测考点、细听原文、做出推测就可以了。需注意的是，出于礼貌，有时说话人不直接讲出不能做某事的原因，而是先以肯定的形式表示赞同，然后再利用转折词说出原因。
【典题印证1】 Why is the woman moving
A.The new apartment is cheaper.
B.She doesn’t like the computer.
C.She needs a quiet place.
[听力原文]
M：I hear you are moving to a new apartment soon.
W：Yes，but it’ll be more expensive.My present roommate plays the computer all night long and I can’t sleep.
[解题思路] C [从对话中的“I can’t sleep”这一句，我们会得出答案为C。]
【典题印证2】 Why do cats bring dead birds home
A.To eat them in a safe place.
B.To show off their hunting skills.
C.To make their owners happy.
[听力原文]
W：Welcome to our program，Dr.Peterson.Let’s see what questions we’ve got for you today.Here’s one：Can cats see color
M：Sort of.In the wild，many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low light.Your cat can’t see bright colors such as red and green.But it picks up more shades of blue，yellow，and grey than humans do.
W：And why do cats give dead birds to their owners
M：When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet，she isn’t bringing you a present.Most cats just drag food home because it’s a safe place to eat.A cat’s mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice hunting.So，a female cat without children may bring these “treats” to her owner instead.You may not like them，but at least you don’t have to write her a thank－you note.
[解题思路] A [女士问男士为什么猫把死鸟带回给主人，男士回答“Most cats just drag food home because it’s a safe place to eat.”。由此可知，本题选择A。]
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研读 教材原文
Step Ⅰ Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the main idea of the text
A.We felt hopeless when we were at Elephant Island.
B.We suffered a lot at Elephant Island but at last we were rescued.
C.We lived a happy life when we were at Elephant Island.
D.We had enough food when we were at Elephant Island.
√
√
2.When Shackleton and his boat left the island，we were ________.
A.confident and positive
B.sure of our future
C.not worried about him
D.worried and desperate
√
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A.We couldn’t find water，plants or sea animals.
B.We lived in very warm weather.
C.We couldn’t find water，vegetables or fruit.
D.We needn’t worry about what we would eat.
√
4.It was ________ that helped them survive the terrible conditions.
A.fruit and vegetables
B.their chef and the delicious food
C.their discipline，team spirit and their faith in Shackleton
D.their friends and their family
5.What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton
A.Indifferent.
B.Grateful.
C.Sympathetic.
D.Negative.
√
(Ⅱ)Fill in the blanks according to the text.
fresh water
fire
a cold
fears
Step Ⅱ Read for beautiful sentences
(Ⅰ)Read the memoir and find out the sentences that show the feelings of the crew after they were left on Elephant Island.
1.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We felt so alone and desperate.But it was not for long.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.(Para.1)
Staying alive took all our time and energy.(Para.2)
...Lionel Greenstreet，noted in his diary about how bored he was with the meals...(Para.3)
4.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We had to be careful not to go outside too often，as the changing temperatures could make us ill.(Para.4)
Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.(Para.5)
(Ⅱ)Read the memoir and find out the sentences that show the feelings of the crew after they were saved.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.(Para.6)
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夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ n.候选人；应试者
2.____________ n.动机；原因；目的
3.____________ n.发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
candidate
motive
motor
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.episode n. _____________________________________
2.Confucianism n. ______________________
(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
孔子学说；儒家(学说)
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
____________ n.大公司；企业；法人
2.rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
____________ adv.粗糙地；概略地
3.navigate v.导航；航行；航海；横渡
____________ n.领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
4.loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的
____________ n.忠诚，忠贞
corporation
roughly
navigator
loyalty
5.commit vt.犯罪；做错事；保证；承诺；投入 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
____________ n.承诺；保证；奉献
____________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
commitment
commitment
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________在……之前
2.________________使某人振作起来
3.________________生火
4.________________放出(热、光、气味或气体)
5.________________偿还某人
6.________________注册；选课；报名参加
7._____________________在某人的指导下
8.________________如果……怎么办
ahead of
cheer sb up
make fire
give off
pay sb back
sign up for
under one’s guidance
what if
9.nothing like ______________________________
10.fall into ______________________________
11.It’s one’s duty to do sth _____________________
12.deal with ________________
一点也不像；没有什么能比得上
陷入……；可以分为，能够分成
做某事是某人的职责
处理
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：it作形式主语
[原句] It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them.
很容易想象他们面临的危险。
仿写： 在欧洲国家给服务员小费是很普遍的。
________________________________________ in European countries.
It is common to tip the waiter
2.句型公式：What if...
[原句] What if they were delayed
如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？
仿写：“如果有人嘲笑我，我失败了怎么办？”艾米丽紧张地喃喃自语，先前的兴奋被越来越多的焦虑所取代。
“_____________________________________________________________？”Emily murmured nervously.Her prior excitement gave way to increasing anxiety.(心理描写)
What if someone laughs at me and I fail
3.句型公式：if虚拟条件句
[原句] If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。
仿写： 如果你再迟到，你将会失去这个宝贵的机会。
_________________________________，you would lose the precious chance.
If you were late again
4.句型公式：whatever引导宾语从句
[原句] As a chef，it was my duty to cook，so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.
作为厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我想方设法去变化伙食的花样。
仿写：我会尽我所能帮助别人。
I will do _____________________________________ to lend a hand to others.
whatever I can
5.句型公式：keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[原句] Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。
仿写：同时，我将把帮助保持环境清洁视为我的职责。
Meanwhile，I will regard it as my duty to help __________________________.
keep our environment clean
精析 核心要点
4
1.rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的；艰难的；粗鲁的
·roughly adv.粗略地；大约
[佳句背诵] It was a rough mountain road，full of stones and huge holes.
这是一条崎岖的山路，布满石头和巨大的洞。
[活学巧用] 语境辨义
The bus went up and down on the rough road.________________________
We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required.____________
In the rough sea，a motorboat was heading towards the coast.____________
I don’t know how to release the pressure in such a rough time.____________
He is such a rough child that he doesn’t behave himself.____________
adj.粗糙的，高低不平的
adj.粗略的
adj.汹涌的
adj.艰难的
adj.粗鲁的
2.give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
[佳句背诵] If plastic and rubber are burnt，they’ll give off poisonous gases.
要是塑料和橡胶被烧坏，就会放出有毒的气体。
give up 戒除；放弃；让出
give in(to...) (向……)屈服；投降；让步；递交
give away 泄露；赠送，免费给予；颁发
give out 分配；分发；(食物、燃料、力气等)用光；精疲力竭；宣布
[活学巧用] 补全语段/补全句子
In the last 300 meters，David ____________，sweat rolling down his face.But he gritted his teeth and made up his mind never to __________________.Such was David，a boy with great perseverance，who never ________________ hardships.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在最后300米时，大卫累坏了，汗水从他脸上滚落下来。但他咬紧牙关，下定决心决不放弃。这就是大卫，一个坚忍不拔的孩子，从不向困难屈服。
gave out
give up
gave in to
With graduation from university drawing near，the Student Union is to hold an activity ___________________________________________________________.
(活动介绍)
随着大学毕业的临近，学生会将举办一场活动，毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
It’s also a good idea for us ___________________________________________.
(活动介绍)
我们分发宣传文明行为的小册子也是一个好主意。
where graduates will give away their used books to their juniors
to give out booklets to advocate civilized behavior
3.commitment n.承诺；保证；奉献
·commit vt.犯罪；做错事；保证，承诺；花(钱或时间) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
·committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
[佳句背诵] With the commitment to promote Chinese culture，a students’ traditional Chinese painting exhibition was held by our school in the library from May 30th to June 5th.(宣传稿，2021·浙江6月卷)
致力于弘扬中国文化，我们学校于5月30日至6月5日在图书馆举办了一个学生国画展。
(1)commitment to sb/sth(对工作或某活动)献身/奉献/投入；对……作出承诺
make a commitment (to do sth)保证/承诺(做某事)
(2)commit an error/a crime/suicide做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit...to (doing) sth投入……于(做)某事
(3)be committed to (doing) sth全身心地投入(做)某事
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
Then he realized what a big mistake he ________________(commit).
This requires ______________(commit) to a particular occupation，branch of study or research.(2021·天津3月卷)
I strongly suggest that you commit an hour ________________ reading the newspaper every morning.(建议信)
I have made a commitment to thoroughly help you with your English study.
→I have ___________________________________________________________
you with your English study.
had committed
commitment
to
committed myself to thoroughly helping
1.What if they were delayed？
如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？
What if...？常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，意为“倘若……将会怎样？”“如果……将会怎样？”后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。
句型公式|What if...？
·How come？怎么会这样？怎么搞的？
·What for 为了什么目的？为何目的？
·So what 那又怎样？
·What’s up 怎么了？发生什么事了？
[佳句背诵]
What if others look down upon him because he is an exception？
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
如果别人因为他是个例外而看不起他怎么办？
“What if he doesn’t come tomorrow？” the girl asked with worry in her voice.
“如果他明天不来怎么办？”女孩问道，声音里带着担忧。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
—The T－shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—____________ come But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.
—Tom missed the early bus this morning and missed the exam.
—So ____________？He failed the exam anyway.
“__________________________________________________________？”
I muttered，sinking into depression.
“如果我的手机被其他乘客拿走了怎么办？”我喃喃自语，陷入了抑郁。
How
what
What if my phone was taken by other passengers
2.If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。
句型公式|if虚拟条件句
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be动词用were) would/should/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反 (1)一般过去时(be动词用were) (2)should＋动词原形 (3)were to＋动词原形 would/should/could/might＋动词原形
[佳句背诵]
If there hadn’t been your help and professional instruction，we couldn’t have done so brilliantly.(与过去事实相反，浙江7月卷)
如果没有你的帮助和专业指导，我们不可能做得如此出色。
Also，if I should have any difficulty in understanding any knowledge point，I would consult teachers or peers for clarification.(与将来事实相反)
此外，如果我在理解任何知识点时有任何困难，我会向老师或同行寻求解释。
If the workers were not better organized，they would not accomplish the task in half the time.(与现在事实相反)
如果工人们没有更好地组织起来，他们将无法在一半的时间内完成任务。
[名师点津] 在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓语动词有were/should/had时，可以省略if，把它们提到主语前面，条件从句变为部分倒装句。
Had it not been for Mr.Rowe’s patience and encouragement，Steve wouldn’t have achieved his dream at last.
要不是Mr Rowe的耐心和鼓励，Steve是无法最终实现他的梦想的。
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/同义句转换/补全句子
If it were ____________(rain)tomorrow，we would have to put off the sports meeting.
If you ____________ (get) up earlier，you would have caught the train.
If it were not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.
→_________________________________________________________________，
the student could not overcome her difficulty.(倒装句)
to rain
had got
Were it not for the support of the teachers
________________________________________________________________，
I _____________________________________ that I should spend more time with my family.
要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
If it had not been for this experience
wouldn’t have realized
3.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。
句型公式|keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
keep复合结构的构成：keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语。可用作宾语补足语的常见词有：现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。
[佳句背诵] Everyone moved with excitement.I always kept my eyes on David and ran with him.(动作描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
每个人都激动地动了起来。我一直盯着大卫，和他一起跑。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
She kept him ____________(think) for a week before making her decision.
It is necessary that we keep the young generation ______________ (inform) of the current affairs.
Doing exercise regularly and properly can help to keep us ________________ (health).
Much to our delight and satisfaction，the local government is trying to take strong measures ________________________________________.
令我们非常高兴和满意的是，当地政府正在试图采取强有力的措施来控制物价。
thinking
informed
healthy
to keep the price under control
THANKS
本节内容结束(共24张PPT)
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
读后续写微技能四
情绪描写之各种“说”
1.I murmured，“I did，but they didn’t have the money.”
我喃喃地说：“我让他们买了，但他们没钱。”
2.“Want to try one on？” I said.“OK，” Marina said in her sharp，unsure voice.
“想试试吗？”我说。“好吧，”玛丽娜用她那尖利、不确定的声音说。
3.She continued excitedly，“I hugged them tightly，feeling a sudden strength inside me.”
她兴奋地继续说道：“我紧紧地拥抱着他们，感觉到自己内心突然有了一种力量。”
4.He sighed，“Tell your parents about your fault.” adding that I could leave.
他叹了口气道：“告诉你父母你的过错。”然后补充说我可以走了。
5.“An encyclopedia？” he asked，somewhat surprised.
“百科全书？”他有点吃惊地问。
I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.Looking down at the scarf I had just finished，he couldn’t resist beaming，1.______________________________.
Without warning，he threw himself into my arms，2.______________________，“Thank you，dear mum.” Then，he went bouncing out to hang out with Jane，3._________________________________________.Kind of content，I saw David play happily outside，with the scarf sheltering him from the bone－chilling wind.
his eyes twinkling like diamonds
murmuring
his scarf around his neck flying in the air
我把围巾围在大卫脖子上。他低头看着我刚织好的围巾，忍不住笑了，双眸如钻石般闪烁。毫无征兆地，他扑到我怀里，喃喃地说：“谢谢你，亲爱的妈妈。”然后，他蹦蹦跳跳地跑出去和简玩，脖子上的围巾在空中飞舞着。看着大卫在外面玩得很开心，围巾为他抵御刺骨的寒风，我有点满足。
研读 教材原文
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking——通文本
Step Ⅰ Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.
B.Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C.Perce Blackborow’s diary entries about the great expedition.
D.Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much.
√
2.Match the main idea of each part.
Part 1(Para.1) A.Perce Blackborow joined the expedition.
Part 2(Paras.2－4) B.Perce Blackborow’s reason for joining the expedition.
Part 3(Paras.5－7) C.They encouraged each other in the face of difficulties.
Part 4(Paras.8－14) D.The journey was not easy.
答案 Part 1 B Part 2 A Part 3 D Part 4 C
Step Ⅱ Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Answer the following questions.
What happened to Endurance What did the crew members have to do
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the passage quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions.If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Endurance got stuck in the ice as it approached Antarctica.The ship got crushed and the crew had to abandon it.The crew had to collect essential supplies and camp on the ice.
被困住________________________________________
被撞碎________________________________________
抛弃，放弃________________________________________
收集必要的供给________________________________________
在冰面上扎营________________________________________
get stuck in
get crushed
abandon
collect essential supplies
camp on the ice
√
(Ⅱ)Read the text quickly and choose the best answer.
1.Why was Perce Blackborow turned down when he applied to join the expedition
A.Because he was too young and wasn’t qualified.
B.Because he had no experience.
C.Because he had no perseverance.
D.Because they needed no more hands.
√
2.How did Blackborow come to join the expedition
A.By applying immediately.
B.By hiding in a cupboard secretly.
C.By serving meals for the crew.
D.By working in a kitchen.
√
3.Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because it was very valuable.
B.Because it took little space.
C.Because it would never sink.
D.Because it could cheer them up.
√
4.Why did Shackleton go to South Georgia Island to find help alone
A.Because it was too distant.
B.Because the boats were too small.
C.Because it was too dangerous.
D.Because it had no hope.
Step Ⅲ Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
What kind of people are Frank and Shackleton
A.Selfish and bad－tempered.
B.Caring and strong－willed.
C.Creative and responsible.
D.Adventurous and adaptable.
√
(Ⅱ)Read the text again and do the following exercises.
1.Summarize Blackborow’s feelings about being on the expedition as the days passed.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Analyze personal qualities of Shackleton.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On Oct 31，1914，he was excited，hopeful and proud.On Nov 21，1915，he was worried，terrified and in panic.On May 20，1916，he was low，afraid，doubtful and uncertain.At last，he was grateful and hopeful.
He was a responsible，calm，rational，selfless，fair，considerate，thoughtful，brave，fearless，courageous，reliable and adventurous man.
Step Ⅳ Read beyond the lines
1.How do you interpret the title“A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE”？
(Critical thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Suppose you were Perce Blackborow.Please write Diary 4 after you were rescued and survived.(Creative thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step Ⅴ Sentence－learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions.
[句式分析] 此句是并列句。and为并列连词，连接两个简单句；“it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions”中it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语为真正的主语，“be considered...”意为“被认为是……”，后面省略了“to be/as”。
尝试翻译：________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被认为是一种极大的荣誉。
2.However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
[句式分析] 此句为复合句。“Shackleton turned me down”为主句；when 引导时间状语从句；because 引导原因状语从句，其中“I was too young and wasn’t qualified”为省略“that”的宾语从句。
尝试翻译：_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，没有资格。
3.How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
[句式分析] 此句为复合句且是一个感叹句。“How everyone will envy me”为主句；when引导时间状语从句，其中“I have been to”为省略关系代词“that/which”的定语从句，修饰先行词“the amazing places”。
尝试翻译：_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！
Step Ⅵ Post－reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
I had been dreaming of 1.________________ (make) an expedition to the Antarctica.At the age of 19，I saw an advertisement about the Antarctic expedition and 2.____________ (apply) to join it immediately，but I was turned 3.____________ by the captain Sir Ernest Shackleton.I managed to hide in a small cupboard and go aboard the ship 4.____________ (secret).The journey was very hard and about one year later，the ship Endurance got 5.____________ (crush) by the ice.We had to throw away all our belongings except some basic
making
applied
down
secretly
crushed
necessities.But a banjo was kept，6.____________ helped us keep our spirits up.While we stayed on Elephant Island，things became worse 7.___________ worse.Soon Shackleton left us to find help on a distant island.The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in 8.____________ (we) small boats.Some people became 9.___________ (pаtient) and bad－tempered，but Frank Wild remained optimistic all the time.He hunted penguins and sometimes seals for us 10.____________ (eat).Without Frank and Ernest，we’d all be dead by now.Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve filled us with hope.
which
and
our
impatient
to eat
THANKS
本节内容结束(共54张PPT)
Period Ⅱ Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language——析考点
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
2
///////
夯实 语言基础
1
///////
精析 核心要点
1
夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ vi.(_____________，____________)沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
2.____________ n.家具
sink
sank/sunk
sunk
furniture
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.cupboard n. __________________
2.blanket n. ________________
3.voyage n.& vi. ________________
4.crew n. ____________________________________________________
5.damp adj. __________________
6.bat n. ________________
vi.& vt. ________________________
7.miserable adj. _____________________
橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
毯子
航海；航行
(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
潮湿的；湿气重的
球拍；蝙蝠
用球板击球；挥打；拍打
痛苦的；令人难受的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
____________ adv.痛苦地；愤恨地；极其
2.qualify vi.& vt.取得资格(或学历)；使合格；使具备资格
____________ adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
______________ n.资格；资历；学历
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
________________ adv.热情地；热心地
____________ n.热情；热忱
bitterly
qualified
qualification
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
4.assign vt.分派；布置；分配
____________ n.分配；任务；作业
5.envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
____________ adj.羡慕的；妒忌的
____________ adv.羡慕地；妒忌地
6.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
____________ adj.被抛弃的；无约束的
7.belong vi.属于
____________ n.[pl.]财物；动产
assignment
envious
enviously
abandoned
belongings
8.selfish adj.自私的
____________ n.自私
____________ adj.无私的
____________ n.无私
9.temper n.脾气；心情
_____________________ adj.脾气好的/坏的
10.persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
_____________ n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
selfishness
selfless
selflessness
good/bad－tempered
perseverance
11.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念
____________ n.决议；解决；坚定；决心
12.cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
____________ adv.残酷地；残忍地；冷酷地
____________ n.残忍；残酷；冷酷
13.____________ adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
____________ adv.彻底地
resolution
cruelly
cruelty
thorough
thoroughly
14.fortune n.运气；大笔的钱
____________ adj.幸运的
_____________ adv.幸运地
_______________ adv.不幸地；遗憾地
15.____________ adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
____________ vt.弄湿；使潮湿；抑制
16.guide vt.指导；带领 n.指南；导游
____________ n.指导；引导；导航
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunately
damp
dampen
guidance
17.advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告
____________ n.广告活动；广告业
_______________ n.广告
advertising
advertisement
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________拒绝(某人)
2._____________________对……热情
3.________________出发；引起；动身；使爆炸
4.___________________困住；陷于
5.________________扔掉；丢弃
6.________________令某人感到惊讶的是
7._____________________每况愈下
turn sb down
be enthusiastic about
set off
be/become stuck in
throw away
to one’s surprise
go from bad to worse
8.make it ___________________________________________
9.dream of ________________
10.hold on ________________
获得成功；准时到达；能够出席；渡过难关
梦想
坚持；别挂断
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：完全倒装
[原句] Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries.
以下是一些布莱克博罗的日记。
仿写： 一位年轻人坐在窗户旁边，手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window _______________________________________________.
sat a young man with a magazine in his hand
2.句型公式：It(so)happened/happens that...
Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
嗯，碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸，看到了关于南极探险的广告。
仿写： 幸运的是，我奶奶恰好是这门手艺的专家。
Fortunately，___________________________________________________
in this craft.
it happens that my grandma is an expert
3.句型公式：so...that...
[原句] But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard.
但我对和他们一起去的想法非常热情，于是我偷偷登上了他的船——“坚忍”号，藏在一个小橱柜里。
仿写： 我们做得如此好，以至于被邀请和学校所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。
__________________________________________________________________
with all the students of our school.
We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience
4.句型公式：too...to...
[原句] ...the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
……这次航行太危险、太困难，无法让所有人都乘坐小船到达那里。
仿写： 他还太年轻，不懂得处世之道。
He is ________________________________________ the ways of the world.
too young to understand
精析 核心要点
2
1.turn sb down拒绝(某人)
[佳句背诵] David applied for the position but we had to turn him down because he was too old.
大卫申请了这个职位，可是我们只得拒绝他，因为他年纪太大了。
turn to 求助于；翻到(书的某页)；转向；开始做
turn in 上交
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关上(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn out 结果是；证明是；生产出
turn up 调高；出现
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
Earlier that week，I had turned __________ my first job application at a local pool.
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn ____________.
Do you really want to turn ____________ that kind of help
___________________________________ students favor the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.
(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
事实证明，在英语学习方面，学生更喜欢娱乐的方式，而不是传统的方式。
in
up
down
It turns out that
2.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
·qualify vi.& vt.取得资格，有资格；使具备资格
·qualification n.资格；资历；学历
[佳句背诵] There is no doubt that you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas，because of your abundant skills.(邀请信，浙江1月卷)
毫无疑问，由于你有丰富的技能，你在表达你的想法方面有足够的资格和经验。
(1)be qualified for (doing) sth/be qualified to do sth
有(做)……的资格；可胜任……
(2)qualify sb as 使某人有资格成为……
qualify sb for 使某人合格；使某人有资格
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
So I think I am highly qualified __________ the job.(申请信)
I was qualified ____________ a doctor from London University over 30 years ago.
I have got a computer engineer’s _____________ (qualify) certificate(证书).
Last but not least，I think I ________________________________________.
(申请信)
最后但同样重要的是，我认为我有资格成为一名志愿者。
for
as
qualification
am qualified to be a volunteer
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
·enthusiastically adv.热情地；激动地
·enthusiasm n.热情；热心
[佳句背诵] I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
(申请信)
我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth对(做)某事热情/感兴趣
(2)enthusiasm for (doing) sth 对(做)某事的热情
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
He is selfish and bad－tempered.Thus，he will never be enthusiastic ____________ helping those in trouble.
Inspired by the ____________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement，David quickened his pace in high spirits.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Classmates all appeared on the racing track，cheering for David.“Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you！” they shouted ____________________.
(语言描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
同学们都出现在赛道上，为大卫加油。“加油！你能做到！我们为你感到骄傲！”他们用热情的声音喊道。
about
enthusiasm
in an enthusiastic voice
4.assign vt.分派；布置；分配
·assignment n.分配；任务；作业
[佳句背诵] I was assigned to dig the pits and my deskmate’s assignment was to put soil into the pits.(活动介绍)
我被派去挖坑，我同桌的任务是往坑里填土。
assign sth to sb＝assign sb sth分配某人某物/某事
assign sb to sth/as sth 指派某人做某一项工作/任某一职位
assign sb to do sth 派某人做某事
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
I was in group 4 whose ______________(assign) was to help the elderly clean their windows.
In her study，______________________________________________________
two groups.
在她的研究中，参与者被随机分为两组。
During the Tree Planting Day，our monitor ____________________________
__________________________________________________________.(活动介绍)
在植树节期间，我们班长分配给每名学生一个具体的任务。
assignment
participants were randomly assigned to
assigned each student a
specific task/assigned a specific task to each student
5.envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
·envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的
·enviously adv.羡慕地；妒忌地
[佳句背诵] Honestly speaking，I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应该向你学习。
(1)envy sth/sb 妒忌/羡慕某人/某事
envy sb (doing) sth 妒忌/羡慕某人(做)某事
(2)be the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕(或妒忌)的对象
green with envy 非常妒忌；非常眼红
(3)be envious of 羡慕的；妒忌的
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
Everyone who knew him could not help envying him ____________ (have) such a close family.
You needn’t be ____________(envy) of their success，but you just need to do your best.
Not only is she fluent in English but she also has much perseverance.She __________________________________________________________.
她不仅英语说得流利而且非常有毅力。她所有的朋友都羡慕她。
having
envious
is the envy of all her friends
Despite his weakness in his body，David never ________________________
______________________________________，but just tried his best to do what he wanted to do.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
尽管身体虚弱，大卫从不嫉妒别人的优点，只是尽力做自己想做的事。
envied others their advantages
6.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 n.放任；放纵
·abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
[佳句背诵] We sang，danced，and laughed with abandon，forgetting the troubles in our lives.(动作链)
我们放纵地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘却了生活中的烦恼。
abandon oneself to...沉湎/纵情于……(to为介词)
with abandon 放纵地；放任地
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译
An ____________(abandon) baby was found in a box on the hospital steps.
While running，David tripped and fell，but he didn’t ___________________.
(动作描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在跑步时，大卫绊了一下摔倒了，但他没有放弃比赛。
abandoned
abandon his race
他沉迷于网络游戏，难以集中精力学习。
→He ___________________________________________________________
and he had difficulty concentrating on his studies.
→______________________________________________________________，
he had difficulty concentrating on his studies.(现在分词短语作状语)
→______________________________________________________________，
he had difficulty concentrating on his studies.(过去分词短语作状语)
abandoned himself to/was abandoned to online games
Abandoning himself to online games
Abandoned to online games
7.belongings n.[pl.]财物；动产
·belonging n.归属
·belong vi.属于；为……的一员
[佳句背诵] My heart sank when I learned that all my belongings had been stolen.(情绪描写)
当我得知我所有的财物都被偷了时，我的心一沉。
(1)a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belong to sb 属于某人，归某人所有
belong to sth 是(俱乐部、组织等)的成员，是(某族类或纲目)的一部分
[名师点津] belong to没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/同义句转换
The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their ____________(belong) when they leave the car.
He thought it must belong ____________ the kind man who had given him 50 dollars.
belongings
to
I eventually _____________________________________ and a long－expected smile flickered across my lips.(情绪描写)
我最终找到了一种归属感，我的嘴角露出了久违的笑容。
When I was a teenager，my father happened to take me to an airport which belonged to one of his friends.
→When I was a teenager，my father happened to take me to an airport ____________________________________________________________________.
found a sense of belonging
belonging to one of his friends
8.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念
·resolution n.决议；解决；坚定
[佳句背诵] To resolve conflicts，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.(建议信)
为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地地为他人着想。
resolve to do sth 决定做某事
resolve on (doing) sth 决定/决心(做)某事
[活学巧用] 语境辨义/单句语法填空/补全句子
He resolved not to tell her the truth.________________
The conflict is unlikely to be resolved in the near future.____________
Now the number of students who resolve ____________ studying abroad after graduation is on the decrease.
That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David
_______________________________ the cross－country team.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野队是不寻常的。
vt.决定；决心
vt.解决
on
had resolved to join
9.unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地
·fortune n.运气；大笔的钱
·fortunate adj.幸运的
·fortunately adv.幸运地
[佳句背诵] Unfortunately，as our economy advances，recent years have seen the oceans being polluted.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
不幸的是，随着我们经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了污染。
(1)seek/try one’s fortune 碰运气；找出路
make a fortune 发财
(2)be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
[名师点津] fortune作名词且意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；作“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
________________(fortunate)，tonight’s concert has been cancelled because of weather conditions.
In order to seek ____________ (he) fortune，he went to his ideal city alone after graduation.
He used this chance to make ____________ fortune by means of working hard.
Unfortunately
his
a
I hope I will _______________________________________________________ and I know I will try hard to shape myself into what I want to be.(申请信)
我希望我足够幸运被录取，我知道我会努力把自己塑造成我想要的样子。
be fortunate enough to be admitted
1.Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries.
以下是一些布莱克博罗的日记。
句型公式|完全倒装
(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词(短语)、介词短语，而主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为：分词/副词/形容词(短语)/介词短语＋be＋主语。
(2)表示处所、时间、方位等的副词或介词(短语)，如 here，there，now，then，up，down，in，out，off 等放在句首，主语是名词，且谓语动词是 be，lie，sit，stand，come，go，exist，live，rush等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。
(3)there be句型也属于一种完全倒装句。该句型中的be可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，如live，exist，lie，stand，seem，rise，remain，happen，come，go等。句型结构为：there＋存在类动词＋主语。
[佳句背诵]
On behalf of all the members of our station，I sincerely invite you to take part in our talk show next week.Here is a brief schedule about it.
(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我代表我们广播站的所有成员，诚挚地邀请您参加我们下周的访谈节目。这是一个简短的时间表。
Then appeared a shabby house and in we popped.
然后出现了一间破旧的房子，我们就进去了。
[名师点津] 完全倒装结构的时态通常只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
Present at the party ____________ (be) Mr Green and many other guests last night.
In front of our school ____________ (lie) a beautiful river，where we will relax ourselves after school.
There ____________(remain) some doubt among the public as to whether the policy will work.
Buried in the sands ________________________________________.
一个古老的村庄被埋在沙土之中。
were
lies
remains
was an ancient village
2.But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard.
但我如此热衷于和他们一起去的想法以至于我偷偷登上了他的船——“坚忍”号，藏在一个小橱柜里。
句型公式|so...that...引导结果状语从句
[佳句背诵]
David，you have worked so hard for this event that I deeply believe that you can make it.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫，你为这次活动付出了巨大的努力，我坚信你能成功。
It is such a great experience that I will hold the memory in my heart forever.
这次的经历太棒了，我会把这份回忆永远记在心里。
[名师点津]
(1)当名词前有little，若little 意为“少”，表数量，则其前用so修饰；若little 意为“小”，则用such 修饰。
(2)“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋被修饰成分”位于句首,主句中用部分倒装结构。
[活学巧用] 选词填空(so；such)/同义句转换
I am faced with ____________ many difficulties that I have to ask you for some help.
I have ____________ a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
John Snow was such a well－known doctor in London that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.(人物介绍)
→John Snow was _____________________________________________________ he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
so
such
so well－known a doctor in London that
3....the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
……这次航行太危险、太困难，无法让所有人都乘坐小船到达那里。
句型公式|too...to...
(1)too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth表示否定的意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。
(2)当too...to...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。
(3)can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
[佳句背诵]
Everyone was too joyful to see that David reached the final line and ranked 20th.(情绪描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
每个人都很高兴地看到大卫冲到了终点线，排名第20。
They argued that for one thing，teenagers were too young to take up some work.
他们认为，一方面，青少年太年轻，不能从事一些工作。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
When you cross the street，you cannot be too ____________(care).
The sentence is too difficult ____________ me to translate.
It was _____________________________________ done to their relationship.
太晚了，无法弥补他们的关系所遭受的创伤了。
careful
for
too late to repair the damage
THANKS
本节内容结束(共10张PPT)
单元知识回顾
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Ⅰ.默写词块
一、教材词块默写
1.________________________________________
参加他的探险活动是一种极大的荣誉
2._____________________________去南极探险
3.___________________登上了他的船
4.________________________________给二十八个人供应伙食
5.______________________被困在了冰里
6.______________________被冰毁坏了
7._________________不是恐慌的时候
a great honour to be part of his expeditions
an expedition to the South Pole
go aboard his ship
serve meals for twenty－eight men
become stuck in the ice
get crushed by the ice
no time to panic
8.____________________振奋我们的精神
9.__________________在冰上扎营
10.___________________设法生存
11.________________________突然袭来的冷空气
12._________________________感到如此孤独和绝望
13.________________使食物多样化
14.__________________应对我们的恐惧
15.________________________缓慢而痛苦的死亡
keep our spirits up
camp on the ice
manage to survive
a sudden cold rush of air
feel so alone and desperate
vary the meals
deal with our fears
a slow but painful death
二、讲解词块默写
1._____________________________________________
有(做)……的资格；可胜任……
2._______________________________对(做)某事热情/感兴趣
3.__________________派某人做某事
4.__________________妒忌/羡慕某人(做)某事
5._____________________沉湎/纵情于……
6.________________是(俱乐部、组织等)的成员，是(某族类或纲目)的一部分
7.______________________碰运气；找出路
be qualified for (doing) sth/be qualified to do sth
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth
assign sb to do sth
envy sb (doing) sth
abandon oneself to...
belong to sth
seek/try one’s fortune
8.________________________________保证/承诺(做某事)
9._______________________有幸做某事
10.___________________________全身心地投入(做)某事
make a commitment (to do sth)
be fortunate to do sth
be committed to (doing) sth
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.All the factors taken into account，I am convinced that I
________________________________________.(申请信)
考虑到所有因素，我确信我完全胜任这个职位。
2.I am ________________________________________ an inch，with my hands sweating and trembling.(心理描写)
我太紧张害怕，一动不动，手既冒汗又颤抖。
3.________________________________________，I would make our city cleaner with no garbage lying on the street.
如果我是一名清洁工，我会让我们的城市更干净，大街上没有垃圾。
am quite qualified for the post
too nervous and scared to move
If I were a dustman
4.I must find out what is _______________________________________________ in the corner.
我必须弄清楚是什么在角落里散发出如此难闻的气味。
5.Her grandchildren _________________________，which makes her happy.
她的孙子孙女们让她保持年轻，这让她很开心。
6.We _____________________________________________ together.
我们承诺继续合作。
giving off so terrible a smell
keep her young
made a commitment to keep working
Ⅲ.语法填空——核心考点语境串记
Born in a rich family，my nephew，Tom，led a decent and cosy life when he was young.Later，he was tired 1.____________ the boring life，so he resolved to join an expedition 2.________________(advertise) in a newspaper. However，the leader turned him down，for he thought that Tom was not 3.____________(qualify).Tom didn’t abandon his dream，for he was full of vigour and so 4.______________(enthusiasm) about a great voyage.Later，he joined the navy on a bitter cold winter day.5.______________(fortune)，the crew were stuck in a storm on rough seas one day.When the ship sank，their hearts
of
advertised
qualified
enthusiastic
Unfortunately
also sank.Luckily，they were capable of 6.____________(escape) in a small boat. It was their endurance and perseverance 7.____________ helped them survive. After Tom retired，he often gave lectures in a hall，where there were a lot of children who were 8.____________(interest) in a voyage.He often talked of those miserable but unforgettable experiences，which attracted the children so much.When some of the children 9.__________(plan) a voyage，he often offered some 10.____________(practice) guidance.He is always a loyal adventurer!
escaping
that
interested
planned
practical
THANKS
本节内容结束(共19张PPT)
Period Ⅲ Grammar——现在完成进行时
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
图解 语法脉络
感知 语法规律
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
精讲 语法知识
3
///////
跟踪 落实检查
1
图解 语法脉络
2
感知 语法规律
观察下面的句子，并感知现在完成进行时的用法。
1.An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.
2.We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
3.We have been discussing the matter several times this year.
4.His eyes ache.He has been sitting in front of the computer all the afternoon.
5.He has not been working since he was fired three months ago.
3
精讲 语法知识
一、现在完成进行时的构成和用法
1.构成
现在完成进行时是由“have/has been＋现在分词”构成的。
People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
人们一直带着他们的孩子进来看母鸡，居民们坐在外面看它们。
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.(2021·全国乙卷)
自古希腊时代以来，人们就一直涌入体育场。
2.用法
(1)表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在且有可能还在继续。现在完成进行时常和all this time，this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.(全国Ⅲ卷)
很难说到底有多少人同意他的观点，但研究表明，这一数字已经上升了一段时间。
She has been reciting the words all the morning.
她整个上午都在背单词。
(2)表示动作刚刚结束。
My paper is finished finally.I have been working on it all the morning.
我的论文终于写完了。我整个上午都在写论文。
(3)表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作。
He has been making such mistakes for almost 3 years.
他犯这样的错误已经快3年了。
We have been cutting down too many trees since 5 years ago.
自5年前以来，我们砍伐了太多的树木。
(4)表达较重的感彩。
Why have you been making the same mistake recently？
最近你为什么一直犯同样的错误？
Time has been flying so quickly!
时间过得可真快啊！
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
特征 现在完成进行时 现在完成时
强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 √
强调动作的延续性 √
强调动作重复 √
表达生动，含有感彩 √
说明一个事实、一种影响或结果 √
The libraries have been transforming themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people，or find out how to start a business.(尚未完成)
这些图书馆正在将自己转变为那样的地方，在那里你可以培养你对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人，或者了解如何创业。
They(The libraries)have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people，or find out how to start a business.(已经完成，天津7月卷)
它们(这些图书馆)已经将自己转变为那样的地方，在那里你可以培养你对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人，或者了解如何创业。
The style of farming has been changing since the rise of science.(强调动作)
自从科学兴起以来，耕作方式一直在改变。
The style of farming has changed with the rise of science.(强调结果)
随着科学的兴起，耕作方式发生了变化。
She has always been working like that.(具有感彩——表示赞许)
她一贯是那样工作的。
All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.(陈述事实，天津7月卷)
所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。
跟踪 落实检查
4
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks.It’s because I ______________________ (practise) a lot these days.
(天津7月卷)
2.He _____________________(write) articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.
3.He is ill.He _____________________ (lie) in bed for three weeks.
have been practising
has been writing
has been lying
4.In the last five years，Cao ____________________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro.
(2022·全国甲卷)
5.They _________________________ (widen) the road these days，which will be finished soon.
6.All these years they _______________________________(contribute) articles to our magazine.
has walked
have been widening
have been contributing
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.My clothes are all wet.I ___________________________________________.
我的衣服全湿了。我一直在雨中干活。
2.She is very tired.She ______________________________________________.
她很累了。她一整天都在录入信件。
3.It is the most interesting novel that I ________________________________.
这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。
4.In the past few years，_____________________________________________.
在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
have been working in the rain
has been typing letters all day
have ever read
great changes have taken place in my hometown
THANKS
本节内容结束
