八省联考语法填空深度分析及配套练习 导学案（含答案）-2025届高三上学期英语二轮复习专项
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| 名称 | 八省联考语法填空深度分析及配套练习 导学案（含答案）-2025届高三上学期英语二轮复习专项 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 713.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-08 15:16:58 | ||
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原文：
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 56.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 57._______ (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 58._______the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 59._______ (write) forms make up the“soul” of a nation's cultural tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 60._______(treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China, but also 62._______ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63._______ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 64._______ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65._______ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
按有无提示词，语法填空可分为两类。本篇中，无提示词分别为58、61和64。无提示词空涉及三个考点，即冠词、连词和介词，各考点侧重点并不相同。三空整体分析如下：
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 58._______the bond of understanding among civilizations.
根据空后冠词the构成的名词性短语结构，可判定此空不填冠词。
观察空前标点符号，再往前观察，可看出前后文呈现高度一致，即the n.的排比组合，因此可判定此空填并列连词and。（注：从句连接词后，一般含时态。）
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China....
根据空后冠词the构成的名词性短语结构，可判定此空不填冠词。
根据58空情况，此空考察介词。介词的考察，一是和前面的动词，构成一定的搭配；二是和后面的名词，构成介宾结构，以副词自居。此空如注意到provide，则可回忆provide sth. for sb.或provide sb. with sth.，根据空前的platform和空后的world，可知，应该考察第一种结构，即此空填for。
....and cooperation between China and 64._______ rest of the world.
根据以上两空分析，可知本空考察冠词。
冠词考察，the和a/an之别，后者常有a/an adj. n.的结构傍身，当然a/an n.结构也时有出现。冠词考察时，可先观察 ______ rest of the world，从该结构可判定特指，并非泛指，即此空填the。
除无提示词外，有提示词的空，又可分为两类，即名词、代词和形容词为一类，动词为一类。前者只涉及57空。考察名词、代词或形容词时，一般情况只看空前空后两词即可，分析如下：
........as well as to promote the equal use of all six 57._______ (tongue).
tongue为名词，空前为数词six，则毫无意外地考察名词复数，即tongues，此空并未涉及名词复数的其他非常规考法。
以动词为核心的考察，是语法填空的重中之重，其中包括时态、非时态、主被动的区别。提示词为动词时，一定要遵循严格的做题步骤，即第一步分析是否与时态相关，第二步分析主被动。分析如下：
The goal was two-fold: 56.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use.....
空前为冒号，做解释说明，冒号前有was，因此该空不涉及时态；
空后为cultural diversity，即名词性短语结构，因此填非时态的主动形式，包括to do或doing，如无法判定，则可先空着，根据全篇的考点分布，再进行选择。（注：如果能观察到as well as后的to promote结构，则此空可直接填to celebrate。）
At the same time, a language and its individual 59._______ (write) forms make up the“soul” of a nation's cultural tradition.
空后make up为时态，则此空不涉及时态考察。（注：也可观察its结构，即后面加名词性短语结构，不涉及时态）
空前individual是形容词，空后forms是名词复数形式，则此空应该填形容词，修饰forms。如形容词修饰无法判定主被动，则此空可先暂定doing或done形式，因为to do不作为定语修饰名词。同56空一样，可先空着，根据全篇的考点分布，再进行选择。（注：如程度较好，可根据句意判定过去分词的被动语义，直接填done形式。需要注意的是，write的过分涉及不规则变化，算是易错点之一，此空填written）。
Every language is worthy of respect and should 60._______(treat) equally.
空前为should，则此空没有第二种考察方式，可直接判定为be done形式。
根据空后equally为副词，非名词，则可验证be done的被动形式，此空填be treated。
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China, but also 62._______ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
空前为but also，则第一反应寻找not only，这是一对难兄难弟。观察not only后的形式，则可判定but also的相应形式。此空涉及时态。
空后跟名词language，则考察时态的三种主动，即一过一现一完成。根据not only后的provides，则可直接判定此空为一现，即promotes。
Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63._______ (improve) communication and......
........the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65._______ (innovate), and its inclusiveness.
63和65空应放在一起分析，因为都涉及介词后所跟形式。介词后常跟doing或名词性短语结构。如填doing形式，则根据非谓语的主动形式填法，doing后常跟名词性短语。63空后跟communication，而65空后为逗号，则可非常明确判定，63空跟doing，而65空涉及词性变换，需将innovate变成名词innovation。因此63空填improving，65空填innovation。
根据63空doing的填法，我们可以倒推59空填done形式，即written；56空填to do，即to celebrate。
因此，本语法填空答案为：
56. to celebrate; 57. tongues; 58. and; 59. written; 60. be treated; 61. for; 62. promotes; 63 improving; 64. the; 65. innovation
小结：本篇语法填空考察中规中矩，没有出现特别灵活的考察方式。本篇涉及6空动词相关考法，因此在日常学习和教学过程中，动词依旧是重点。
【配套练习】
1．（2024 河南模拟） The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum，in Guanghan，Sichuan province，made the place an instant tourist hot spot.The turquoise﹣eyed bronze heads，golden masks，holy trees，ceremonial altars（祭坛）and deity statues disclose the mysterious faces of a culture （1） （date）back more than 3，000 years.For those who can't make （2） to Guanghan in person，where the extensive excavation site of Sanxingdui is located，an immersive exhibition，titled Hello Sanxingdui，which is equipped with digital technology，（3） （offer）them an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture.
It provides a time﹣travel experience with both an （4） （education）and artistic appeal.The journey begins with a brief timeline of texts，photos and videos，showing （5） Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s，when objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch.It highlights the important moments in the past century's continued archaeological efforts，and uncovers the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet （6） （figure）out.
The images and patterns of these objects （7） （find）at Sanxingdui have been digitalized，animated and projected on screens，（8） the accompaniment of music，leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu，a civilization that boomed for （9） （century）in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty，and disappeared （10） （sudden），leaving many myths and legends.
2．（2024 贵阳二模） As China's catering（餐饮）income reaches record highs，new trends are developing that combine ancient and modern elements.This comes among the noticeable growth of trends like guochao， （1） features modern designs mixed with Chinese cultural elements.Guochao has now found （2） （it） way into dim sum，a traditional food.
Beijing's time﹣honored dim sum brand Daoxiangcun，founded in 1895， （3） （become）quite popular among young people in recent years.At Location Zero，a renewed Daoxiangcun store，the counter is filled （4） all kinds of Chinese pastries（糕点）.
The pipa cake，shaped like the traditional Chinese musical instrument，the （5） （delicate）made "paper cuttings"square pastry，and the "jade cabbage" pastry all draw （6） （inspire）from elements of traditional Chinese culture.
Among the new products，the cloisonne cake，like a gourd﹣shaped（葫芦形） vase，is a special product jointly （7） （launch） by Beijing Daoxiangcun and the Beijing Cloisonne Factory.The gourd shape symbolizes blessings and prosperity（繁荣），showing the unique beauty of traditional craftsmanship.
With the rapid development of live﹣streaming e﹣commerce and cross﹣border e﹣commerce，innovations in Chinese dim sum （8） （product） are speeding up.Data from Tianyancha，（9） online query（查询） platform for company information，shows that there are currently over 25，000 enterprises related to Chinese dim sum.
Chinese dim sum，with its characteristic of being low in sugar and fat，is gradually becoming a new favorite （10） is welcoming new opportunities，gradually moving towards healthier and more diversified channels of development.
3．（2024 石家庄模拟） The Chinese Qingming Festival，also known as Tomb Sweeping Day，celebrates the beginning of spring and is the occasion（1） families show respect to their ancestors by visiting and cleaning their tombs.The festival takes place on the 15th day after the Spring Equinox （春分），which falls on April 4th （2） 5th.As Qingming comes，temperature rises and rainfall increases，（3） （indicate） an important time for sowing seeds.
The Qingming Festival（4） （date） back more than 2，500 years and it originated from Hanshi Day，meaning "a day with cold food only".One story has it that Jie Zitui，who was a loyal man to his lord Duke Wen，died in a fire in 636 BCE.So Duke Wen ordered three days without fire（5） memory of Jie.The next year，he ordered that the day after Hanshi Day should be the Qingming Festival，a day to honor （6） dead.Over time，the two festivals （7） （eventual） combined and the traditions of eating cold food and honoring ancestors became （8） （ attach） to the Qingming Festival.
While there is much sadness surrounding Tomb Sweeping Day，there is also （9） （celebrate），happiness and a festive atmosphere.Nowadays，the Qingming Festival is a time of multiple（10） （activity），such as tomb sweeping，spring outing，flying kites and eating festive food like Qingtuan.
4．（2024 昆明一模） Mamianqun，or horse﹣faced skirt，is a traditional Chinese fashion that has exploded in popularity in recent years. （1） （date） from the Song dynasty，it gained popularity among women during the later Ming and Qing dynasties， （2） men also wore Mamianqun in informal settings.It features a broad waistband that can be tied at the waist，forming （3） "A"or"H" shape.What （4） （true） sets the Mamianqun apart are its pleats（糯皱）.which are not only decorative，but also allow for freedom of movement. （5） （motivate） by traditional Chinese cultural elements，designers create abundant patterns on the skirts.Its unique design makes （6） ideal for mix﹣and﹣match daily dressing，perfectly proving that it's not just a relic of the past，but a functional and stylish （7） （add） to modern wardrobes.This rebirth（8） （fuel） by a growing sense of cultural pride，which encourages people to embrace their heritage by combining traditional clothing （9） their daily dressing.Caoxian，a county in Shandong province，is generally considered （10） （be） the heart of Mamianqun production and holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu.In recent years，the Mamianqun business in Caoxian has been thriving，attracting a wave of young people to start their own businesses.
5．（2024 广西模拟） The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get （1） （good） with time：antiques，aged wine，long﹣term relationships and expertise over the years.
Peking Opera is a slow process too. （2） an often﹣repeated saying goes，one minute on stage takes ten years of practice.It's a reminder of its high standards，which ensure that any performance （3） （do） the way the forefathers wanted it.
Peking Opera is （4） （demand） because of the extensive list of skills it requires.A performer is an actor，singer，dancer，acrobat，mime and martial artist all rolled into one.They're also expected （5） （apply） delicate make﹣up，put on heavy costumes and，depending on their character，perform on stage （6） 15cm platform shoes.
There is so much to take in that disciples（学徒） usually start their career as young children，spending years （7） （train） their bodies and minds for the stage.
So what chance does （8） theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera？Do I have （9） it takes to put on a successful show？There's only one way to find out：I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the （10） （guide） of senior stage masters in the field.
【参考答案】
1.（1）dating（2）it（3）offers（4）educational（5）how（6）to be figured（7）found（8）to（9）centuries（10）suddenly
2.（1）which（2）its（3）has become（4）with（5）delicately（6）inspiration（7）launched（8）products（9）an（10）and
3.（1）when/where（2）or（3）indicating（4）dates（5）in（6）the（7）eventually（8）attached（9）celebration（10）activities
4.（1）Dating（2）when（3）an（4）truly（5）Motivated（6）it（7）addition（8）is fueled（9）with（10）to be
5.（1）better（2）As（3）is done（4）demanding（5）to apply（6）in（7）training（8）a（9）what（10）guidance
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 56.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 57._______ (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 58._______the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 59._______ (write) forms make up the“soul” of a nation's cultural tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 60._______(treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China, but also 62._______ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63._______ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 64._______ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65._______ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
按有无提示词，语法填空可分为两类。本篇中，无提示词分别为58、61和64。无提示词空涉及三个考点，即冠词、连词和介词，各考点侧重点并不相同。三空整体分析如下：
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 58._______the bond of understanding among civilizations.
根据空后冠词the构成的名词性短语结构，可判定此空不填冠词。
观察空前标点符号，再往前观察，可看出前后文呈现高度一致，即the n.的排比组合，因此可判定此空填并列连词and。（注：从句连接词后，一般含时态。）
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China....
根据空后冠词the构成的名词性短语结构，可判定此空不填冠词。
根据58空情况，此空考察介词。介词的考察，一是和前面的动词，构成一定的搭配；二是和后面的名词，构成介宾结构，以副词自居。此空如注意到provide，则可回忆provide sth. for sb.或provide sb. with sth.，根据空前的platform和空后的world，可知，应该考察第一种结构，即此空填for。
....and cooperation between China and 64._______ rest of the world.
根据以上两空分析，可知本空考察冠词。
冠词考察，the和a/an之别，后者常有a/an adj. n.的结构傍身，当然a/an n.结构也时有出现。冠词考察时，可先观察 ______ rest of the world，从该结构可判定特指，并非泛指，即此空填the。
除无提示词外，有提示词的空，又可分为两类，即名词、代词和形容词为一类，动词为一类。前者只涉及57空。考察名词、代词或形容词时，一般情况只看空前空后两词即可，分析如下：
........as well as to promote the equal use of all six 57._______ (tongue).
tongue为名词，空前为数词six，则毫无意外地考察名词复数，即tongues，此空并未涉及名词复数的其他非常规考法。
以动词为核心的考察，是语法填空的重中之重，其中包括时态、非时态、主被动的区别。提示词为动词时，一定要遵循严格的做题步骤，即第一步分析是否与时态相关，第二步分析主被动。分析如下：
The goal was two-fold: 56.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use.....
空前为冒号，做解释说明，冒号前有was，因此该空不涉及时态；
空后为cultural diversity，即名词性短语结构，因此填非时态的主动形式，包括to do或doing，如无法判定，则可先空着，根据全篇的考点分布，再进行选择。（注：如果能观察到as well as后的to promote结构，则此空可直接填to celebrate。）
At the same time, a language and its individual 59._______ (write) forms make up the“soul” of a nation's cultural tradition.
空后make up为时态，则此空不涉及时态考察。（注：也可观察its结构，即后面加名词性短语结构，不涉及时态）
空前individual是形容词，空后forms是名词复数形式，则此空应该填形容词，修饰forms。如形容词修饰无法判定主被动，则此空可先暂定doing或done形式，因为to do不作为定语修饰名词。同56空一样，可先空着，根据全篇的考点分布，再进行选择。（注：如程度较好，可根据句意判定过去分词的被动语义，直接填done形式。需要注意的是，write的过分涉及不规则变化，算是易错点之一，此空填written）。
Every language is worthy of respect and should 60._______(treat) equally.
空前为should，则此空没有第二种考察方式，可直接判定为be done形式。
根据空后equally为副词，非名词，则可验证be done的被动形式，此空填be treated。
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 61.________ the world to better understand China, but also 62._______ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
空前为but also，则第一反应寻找not only，这是一对难兄难弟。观察not only后的形式，则可判定but also的相应形式。此空涉及时态。
空后跟名词language，则考察时态的三种主动，即一过一现一完成。根据not only后的provides，则可直接判定此空为一现，即promotes。
Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63._______ (improve) communication and......
........the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65._______ (innovate), and its inclusiveness.
63和65空应放在一起分析，因为都涉及介词后所跟形式。介词后常跟doing或名词性短语结构。如填doing形式，则根据非谓语的主动形式填法，doing后常跟名词性短语。63空后跟communication，而65空后为逗号，则可非常明确判定，63空跟doing，而65空涉及词性变换，需将innovate变成名词innovation。因此63空填improving，65空填innovation。
根据63空doing的填法，我们可以倒推59空填done形式，即written；56空填to do，即to celebrate。
因此，本语法填空答案为：
56. to celebrate; 57. tongues; 58. and; 59. written; 60. be treated; 61. for; 62. promotes; 63 improving; 64. the; 65. innovation
小结：本篇语法填空考察中规中矩，没有出现特别灵活的考察方式。本篇涉及6空动词相关考法，因此在日常学习和教学过程中，动词依旧是重点。
【配套练习】
1．（2024 河南模拟） The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum，in Guanghan，Sichuan province，made the place an instant tourist hot spot.The turquoise﹣eyed bronze heads，golden masks，holy trees，ceremonial altars（祭坛）and deity statues disclose the mysterious faces of a culture （1） （date）back more than 3，000 years.For those who can't make （2） to Guanghan in person，where the extensive excavation site of Sanxingdui is located，an immersive exhibition，titled Hello Sanxingdui，which is equipped with digital technology，（3） （offer）them an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture.
It provides a time﹣travel experience with both an （4） （education）and artistic appeal.The journey begins with a brief timeline of texts，photos and videos，showing （5） Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s，when objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch.It highlights the important moments in the past century's continued archaeological efforts，and uncovers the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet （6） （figure）out.
The images and patterns of these objects （7） （find）at Sanxingdui have been digitalized，animated and projected on screens，（8） the accompaniment of music，leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu，a civilization that boomed for （9） （century）in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty，and disappeared （10） （sudden），leaving many myths and legends.
2．（2024 贵阳二模） As China's catering（餐饮）income reaches record highs，new trends are developing that combine ancient and modern elements.This comes among the noticeable growth of trends like guochao， （1） features modern designs mixed with Chinese cultural elements.Guochao has now found （2） （it） way into dim sum，a traditional food.
Beijing's time﹣honored dim sum brand Daoxiangcun，founded in 1895， （3） （become）quite popular among young people in recent years.At Location Zero，a renewed Daoxiangcun store，the counter is filled （4） all kinds of Chinese pastries（糕点）.
The pipa cake，shaped like the traditional Chinese musical instrument，the （5） （delicate）made "paper cuttings"square pastry，and the "jade cabbage" pastry all draw （6） （inspire）from elements of traditional Chinese culture.
Among the new products，the cloisonne cake，like a gourd﹣shaped（葫芦形） vase，is a special product jointly （7） （launch） by Beijing Daoxiangcun and the Beijing Cloisonne Factory.The gourd shape symbolizes blessings and prosperity（繁荣），showing the unique beauty of traditional craftsmanship.
With the rapid development of live﹣streaming e﹣commerce and cross﹣border e﹣commerce，innovations in Chinese dim sum （8） （product） are speeding up.Data from Tianyancha，（9） online query（查询） platform for company information，shows that there are currently over 25，000 enterprises related to Chinese dim sum.
Chinese dim sum，with its characteristic of being low in sugar and fat，is gradually becoming a new favorite （10） is welcoming new opportunities，gradually moving towards healthier and more diversified channels of development.
3．（2024 石家庄模拟） The Chinese Qingming Festival，also known as Tomb Sweeping Day，celebrates the beginning of spring and is the occasion（1） families show respect to their ancestors by visiting and cleaning their tombs.The festival takes place on the 15th day after the Spring Equinox （春分），which falls on April 4th （2） 5th.As Qingming comes，temperature rises and rainfall increases，（3） （indicate） an important time for sowing seeds.
The Qingming Festival（4） （date） back more than 2，500 years and it originated from Hanshi Day，meaning "a day with cold food only".One story has it that Jie Zitui，who was a loyal man to his lord Duke Wen，died in a fire in 636 BCE.So Duke Wen ordered three days without fire（5） memory of Jie.The next year，he ordered that the day after Hanshi Day should be the Qingming Festival，a day to honor （6） dead.Over time，the two festivals （7） （eventual） combined and the traditions of eating cold food and honoring ancestors became （8） （ attach） to the Qingming Festival.
While there is much sadness surrounding Tomb Sweeping Day，there is also （9） （celebrate），happiness and a festive atmosphere.Nowadays，the Qingming Festival is a time of multiple（10） （activity），such as tomb sweeping，spring outing，flying kites and eating festive food like Qingtuan.
4．（2024 昆明一模） Mamianqun，or horse﹣faced skirt，is a traditional Chinese fashion that has exploded in popularity in recent years. （1） （date） from the Song dynasty，it gained popularity among women during the later Ming and Qing dynasties， （2） men also wore Mamianqun in informal settings.It features a broad waistband that can be tied at the waist，forming （3） "A"or"H" shape.What （4） （true） sets the Mamianqun apart are its pleats（糯皱）.which are not only decorative，but also allow for freedom of movement. （5） （motivate） by traditional Chinese cultural elements，designers create abundant patterns on the skirts.Its unique design makes （6） ideal for mix﹣and﹣match daily dressing，perfectly proving that it's not just a relic of the past，but a functional and stylish （7） （add） to modern wardrobes.This rebirth（8） （fuel） by a growing sense of cultural pride，which encourages people to embrace their heritage by combining traditional clothing （9） their daily dressing.Caoxian，a county in Shandong province，is generally considered （10） （be） the heart of Mamianqun production and holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu.In recent years，the Mamianqun business in Caoxian has been thriving，attracting a wave of young people to start their own businesses.
5．（2024 广西模拟） The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get （1） （good） with time：antiques，aged wine，long﹣term relationships and expertise over the years.
Peking Opera is a slow process too. （2） an often﹣repeated saying goes，one minute on stage takes ten years of practice.It's a reminder of its high standards，which ensure that any performance （3） （do） the way the forefathers wanted it.
Peking Opera is （4） （demand） because of the extensive list of skills it requires.A performer is an actor，singer，dancer，acrobat，mime and martial artist all rolled into one.They're also expected （5） （apply） delicate make﹣up，put on heavy costumes and，depending on their character，perform on stage （6） 15cm platform shoes.
There is so much to take in that disciples（学徒） usually start their career as young children，spending years （7） （train） their bodies and minds for the stage.
So what chance does （8） theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera？Do I have （9） it takes to put on a successful show？There's only one way to find out：I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the （10） （guide） of senior stage masters in the field.
【参考答案】
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