2025年高三英语一轮复习： 句子结构分析之英语语篇中长难句的理解与运用课件(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
高三一轮复习
句子结构分析（二）
英语语篇中长难句的理解与应用
教学目标
了解长难句的主要类型。
掌握长难句的分析策略， 学会运用策略分析复杂句子。
通过分析长难句，联系语篇，学会实际运用，做出正确选择。
1.句子基本成分：
主要成分：
次要成分：
2. 句子类型：
简单句
并列句 复合句
主语和谓语----主干
宾语，表语，定语，状语，同位语，补语。
内容回顾
1. In the classroom there are some senior three students.
2. In the classroom there are some senior three students, who are listening to a lecture attentively.
3. In the classroom there are some senior three students, who are listening to a lecture attentively given by Ms. Lu, our beautiful English teacher.
→ 长难句
定语从句
过去分词短语作定语
同位语
简单句
简单句
添加：
生词 、结构复杂----难
复合句、同位语、非谓语、插入语、特殊句式
---- 长
多
长难句的特点
长难句主要类型
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
长难句主要类型
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic(糖尿病的) Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones.
主干：
一. 复杂的简单句
长难句主要类型
The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.
主干：
as though:
and 连接两并列句
二. 长难并列句
The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.
主干：
as though:
and 连接两并列句
状语从句
二. 长难并列句
The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
主干:
非谓语短语(shown in ....decades):
that 从句:
The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
主干:
非谓语短语(shown in ....decades):
that 从句:
The great interest in exceptional children (shown in public education over the past three decades) indicates the strong feeling in our society (that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.)
主干:
非谓语短语(shown in ....decades):
that 从句:
定语
同位语从句
三. 长难复合句
“Never before have we had the innovations（创新 ）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said.
主干：
which从句：
倒装句，否定词放句首
“Never before have we had the innovations（创新 ）in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said.
主干：
which从句：
倒装句，否定词放句首
定语从句，which指 innovations
四. 长难特殊句式
(1) 关键：先找到句子的 即句子 , 从整体上把握句子的结构。
(2) 找到 动词、从句的 ，插入语和特殊句式，分析它们的功能。
(3) 关注语篇，整体把握大意。
主语、谓语,
主干
非谓语
引导词
总结：长难句分析策略
高考语篇中的长难句分析及其应用
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.
主干：
that从句：
非谓语短语replacing....shared system ：
宾语从句
主语
The G700 Tactical Flashlight is currently the most popular tactical flashlight of choice for most Americans due to its powerfully disorienting “strobe mode” that allows the user to flash a blinding light into the attackers eyes, leaving them “disoriented beyond belief.”
主干：
介词短语（“due to....strobe mode”）:
that从句：
非谓语短语（leaving them.....belief）:
状语
定语从句
状语
词义猜测
2.The underlined phrase "disoriented beyond belief " in para.4 probably means
A. disappointed C. unconfident
B. dizzy D.annoyed
Chinese medicine, which tends to take longer time to take effect, with a focus to work in harmony with the body, is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or problem area.
主干：
which从句：
非谓语短语：
Chinese medicine, which tends to take longer time to take effect, with a focus to work in harmony with the body, is to restore imbalance causing diseases rather than targeting only the specific symptom or problem area.
主干：
which从句：
非谓语短语：
定语从句
定语
3. Why is Chinese medicine mentioned in the passage 推理判断
A.To help better understand Taoism.
B.To define the concept of yin and yang.
C.To emphasize the contributions of Taoism.
D.To express the author's pride in Chinese culture.
Taoism provides us with many aspects of the special nature of Chinese culture and philosophy. The concept of yin and yang in Taoism, which brings us balance through the integration of opposites, is well-known but not fully understood in the West.
Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton（浮游植物） in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
主干：
非谓语短语leading to ....：
段落大意：
42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton
状语
段尾
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that从句：
非谓语动词: saying......and giving......：
三个what从句和一个who 从句：
宾语从句
状语
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that从句：
非谓语动词: saying......and giving......：
三个what 从句和一个who 从句：
宾语从句
状语
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying , saying clearly what bullying means, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed and what punishments will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation over a period of time.
主干：
that从句：
非谓语动词: saying......and giving......：
三个what 从句和一个who 从句：
宾语从句
状语
宾语从句
细节理解
3. According to the passage, what is the most important part of reducing bullying
A.Develop a policy through consultation.
B.Deal with the topic through the curriculum.
C. Work with individual pupils or in small groups.
D. Give detailed guidelines on the right things to do.
总结
找到句子主干
层层剥开分析（复合句、非谓、特殊句、同位语等）
关注语篇，整体把握大意，准确理解语篇所传递信息。
Homework
整理笔记，体会理解如何运用策略分析长难句。
课后收集两句历年高考中出现的长难句，以小组为单位进行赏析理解，下次课分享。