(共48张PPT)
Period Ⅳ Using Language & Other Parts of the Unit
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
听力 微技能
研读 教材原文
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1
2
4
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夯实 语言基础
3
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精析 核心要点
1
听力 微技能
听顺序词
当人们谈到按时间顺序发生的一系列动作或事件时，他们常常用一些特定的词或者短语，使说话内容逻辑流畅，条理清晰。
常见顺序词：
1.First(ly)，... 第一，……
2.Second(ly)，... 第二，……
3.Third(ly)，... 第三，……
4.First of all，... 首先，……
5.In the end/At last，... 最后，……
6.It began when... 它开始于……
7.Meanwhile... 同时……
8.At that time... 在那时；当时……
9.Later... 以后……
10.Finally，... 最后，……
11.Then/After that/Afterwards/Next/Later on... 然后/稍后……
【典题印证】 How long did Allsopp spend on his second swim across the English Channel
A.17 hours and 51 minutes.
B.15 hours and 59 minutes.
C.16 hours and 55 minutes.
[听力原文]
Roger Allsopp，the British 70－year－old grandfather，swam the English Channel by crossing from Dover to Calais in less than 18 hours in 2011.He set a new Guinness World Record for the oldest person in history to swim the Channel.Allsopp started his swim at Shakespeare Beach in Dover on Tuesday evening and reached the beach at Cap Gris－Nez，France，on Wednesday morning.He swam 34 kilometers in 17 hours and 51 minutes.This is not the first time he has done it.Allsopp first swam the Channel in 2006.
Allsopp is now resting and recovering from the tiring swim in Dover.“My body has told me not to do anything like this again，” he said.
Allsopp，a grandfather of three，lives on the island of Guernsey.Although he is 70 years 4 months old，he has been working to beat the previous record held by a retired captain.The captain swam the Channel in August 2004，at the age of 70 years and four days，in 15 hours and 59 minutes.
[解题思路] A [根据“He swam 34 kilometers in 17 hours and 51 minutes.This is not the first time he has done it.Allsopp first swam the Channel in 2006.”可知答案为A。]
2
研读 教材原文
Step Ⅰ Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the main idea of the text
A.The importance of sea exploration.
B.The disadvantages of sea exploration.
C.The pros and cons of sea exploration.
D.The advantages of sea exploration.
√
√
2.How does the first author support his topic
A.By listing facts.
B.By giving examples.
C.By doing comparisons.
D.By analyzing problems.
√
3.What is the meaning of “negative cycle” in the third paragraph of Text 1
A.An incomplete link.
B.One trouble leads to another that worsens the first.
C.A damaged item.
D.An idea that is not positive.
4.What’s the first author’s attitude to sea exploration
A.Indifferent. B.Supportive.
C.Opposed. D.Doubtful.
√
√
5.What’s the structure of Text 1
(Ⅱ)Fill in the blanks according to the text.
problems
pollution
Mining
Overfishing
protect
important
take action
resources
new resoures
economic needs
Step Ⅱ Read for beautiful sentences
(Ⅰ)What words are used to help to explain the evidence？Then try to find these sentences.
_____________________________________________________________________
although/though，for example，of course，also，because of，another，...
Sentences：
1.___________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.___________________________________________________________________
Plastic pollution is also bad...
Because of climate change，there is less ice now...
Overfishing is another problem.
Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these...
For example，scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change.
Of course，there are still environmental risks.
(Ⅱ)Find out the expressions that prove the negative side.
1.___________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________
4.___________________________________________________________________
5.___________________________________________________________________
6.___________________________________________________________________
...cause many problems；
...is also bad；
...is very damaging；
...negative cycle；
...is another problem；
...without mercy.
(Ⅲ)Find out the expressions that prove the positive side.
1.___________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________
4.___________________________________________________________________
5.___________________________________________________________________
...help address important issues；
...more research is necessary；
...help us manage its resources better；
...help us discover new medicines；
...help us to predict events.
(Ⅳ)Can you think of more expressions that show agreement or disagreement
Expressions that show agreement：
1.___________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________
4.___________________________________________________________________
5.___________________________________________________________________
...agree that...
...approve of the idea that...
Supporters think that...
...are for the idea that...
...support sth
Expressions that show disagreement：
6.___________________________________________________________________
7.___________________________________________________________________
8.___________________________________________________________________
9.___________________________________________________________________
10.__________________________________________________________________
...disagree that...
...disapprove of the idea that...
Opponents think that...
...are against the idea that...
...oppose sth/be opposed to sth/object to sth
3
夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
2.____________ vt.开发；利用；剥削
3.____________ vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n.正式记录；日志；原木
4.____________ n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
meanwhile
exploit
log
arrest
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.directory n. ______________________________________________
2.gallon n. ________________________________________
3.marine adj. ____________________________
名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
海的； 海产的； 海生的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.migrate vi.移动；移居；迁徙
____________ n.迁移；迁徙；移居
2.murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n.谋杀；凶杀
____________ n.杀人犯；凶手
3.mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
____________ adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
4.possess vt.拥有；具有；支配
____________ n.(usually pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制
migration
murderer
merciful
possession
5.oppose vt.反对；抵制；与……对垒
____________ n.反对者；对手；竞争者
____________ adj.反对的；截然不同的
opponent
opposed
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________区分；分辨
2.________________给……照相
3.________________意味着做某事
4.________________是……的家园
5.________________采取行动
6.________________大量的
tell apart
take a picture of
mean doing sth
be home to...
take action
vast amounts of
7.spill...into ________________
8.hunt for ________________
9.without mercy _____________________
10.log new species ________________
11.have more options ________________
使……流入
搜寻，寻找
残忍地；毫不留情地
记录新物种
有更多选择
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：现在分词短语作结果状语
[原句] Plastic pollution is also bad，killing many birds and fish，and has even been found in our tap water.
塑料污染也很严重，杀死了很多鸟和鱼，甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。
仿写:大量使用手机实际上扩大了青少年与长辈之间的距离,让长辈更加孤独。
Heavy use of cellphones actually widens the distance between teenagers and their elders，____________________________________________________.
leaving the elders more lonely
2.句型公式：so that引导目的状语从句
[原句] We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。
仿写：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以轻松地包装它们。
It’s a surprise that they haven’t managed to grow square ones
________________________________________________.(2023·全国甲卷)
so that they can pack them easily
3.句型公式：动名词短语作主语
[原句] Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.
更多地了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理它的资源。
仿写：暴露在阳光下太长时间对你的皮肤有害。
___________________________________________________________________ will do harm to your skin.
Being exposed to sunlight for too much time
精析 核心要点
4
1.meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
[佳句背诵] I enjoy my hobby.It offers me an opportunity to do something interesting and creative.Meanwhile，it provides me with a source of pleasure.
我享受着我的爱好。它给我提供一个做有趣又有创意的事的机会，同时它还是我快乐的源泉。
[活学巧用] 语境辨义
Meanwhile，I’m also interested in learning some folk dances from your lecture，which will help to improve my dancing skills.(天津卷)______________
Stress can be extremely damaging to your health.Exercise，meanwhile，can reduce its effects.______________
adv.与此同时
adv.对比之下
2.exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
[佳句背诵] We should exploit every minute to learn as much knowledge as possible.
我们应该充分利用每一分钟尽可能多地学习知识。
[活学巧用] 语境辨义
You should exploit this opportunity to go abroad.____________
They decided to exploit natural resources.____________
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
____________
vt.利用
vt.开发
vt.剥削
3.mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
·merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
·merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
[佳句背诵] Some plants in the world show mercy to animals and provide food and shelter for them.(2023·浙江1月卷)
世上的一些植物对动物表现出怜悯之心，并为它们提供食物和住所。
show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕
have mercy on/upon 对……怜悯/宽恕
without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情地
at the mercy of... 任由……摆布
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
Whoever breaks the law will be punished ____________ mercy.
Fishermen are always ____________ the mercy of the forces of nature.
It is said that you are a just but __________ (mercy) man.
They had mercy on/upon Tom for he suffered a lot.
→They ______________________________ Tom for he suffered a lot.
without
at
merciful
showed mercy to
4.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制
·possess vt.拥有；具有；支配
[佳句背诵] Having attracted many students，the English programme “Talk and Talk” of our school Broadcasting Station takes possession of/possesses many audience.(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我们学校广播电台的英语节目“Talk and Talk”吸引了许多学生，拥有许多听众。
(1)get/take possession of 拥有/占有
sb be in possession of sth 某人拥有/占有某物
sth be in the possession of sb 某物为某人所拥有
(2)be possessed of 具有(某种品质或特征)
be possessed by 被……控制
[名师点津]
(1)in possession of表示主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；
in the possession of表示被动，意为“为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。
(2)possession表示“所有；财产”时，通常用复数；表示“具有，拥有”时，为不可数名词。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
You can’t take possession ____________ the house until all the papers have been signed.
of
It was apparent that he was possessed ____________ exceptional powers of concentration.
She said that she was suddenly possessed ____________ fear.
Mr.Smith is a success as a businessman who possesses several big companies.
→Mr.Smith is a success as a businessman who _____________________________
several big companies.(possession)
→Mr.Smith is a success as a businessman who _____________________________
several big companies.(possession)
of
by
takes possession of
is in possession of
5.arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；吸引(注意力)
[佳句背诵] The English Newspaper，Youth，covers a wide variety of topics to arrest our senior students’ attention，leading us into the outer world as a silent friend.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
英文报纸《青年》覆盖了各种各样的话题，吸引了我们高年级学生的注意力，作为一个沉默的朋友把我们带到了外面的世界。
(1)arrest one’s attention 引起某人的注意
arrest sb for... 因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
(2)under arrest 被捕；在押
make an arrest 进行拘捕
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
I didn’t want him to get __________________ (arrest) for stealing.
Anyway，the police are on the case and they’ll probably make ____________ arrest today.
He was walking in the street when a slogan ___________________________.
他正在街上走着，这时一条标语吸引了他的注意力。
During the strike，a great many young people _________________________ and they are still ______________________________.
在罢工期间，很多年轻人被逮捕了，而且现在他们仍在拘留中。
arrested
an
arrested his attention
got arrested
under arrest
1.We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。
句型公式|so that引导目的状语从句
(1)so that引导的目的状语从句中常常使用情态动词can/could，may/might，will/would等。so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首，而in order that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。
(2)当so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可变为so as to或in order to的动词不定式短语。
[佳句背诵]
I’m wondering if you’re available.If not，please let me know in advance so that I can make adjustment accordingly.(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我想知道您是否有空。如果没有，请提前告诉我，以便我可以做出相应的调整。
And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动。
[活学巧用]
选词填空(so that/in order to)/同义句转换
You must speak louder ________________ be heard by all.
I set up the computer ________________ they could work from home.
I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
→I got up early __________________________ I could catch the first bus.
→I got up early ____________________________________________________.
in order to
so that
in order that
to/in order to/so as to catch the first bus
2.Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.
更多地了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理它的资源。
句型公式|动名词(短语)作主语
(1)动名词(短语)作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
(2)动名词(短语)作主语和不定式作主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词和名词有：good，no good，no use，useless等。
(3)当动名词(短语)有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词(短语)的复合结构，这时，名词或代词的所有格作动名词(短语)的逻辑主语。动名词(短语)的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。
[佳句背诵]
Brimming with a smile on his face showed that David was happy and confident.
(人物描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
脸上洋溢着笑容，这表明大卫很开心，也很自信。
It is no use/no good advising him.
给他提建议没用。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他们来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓舞。
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
____________ (he) being admitted to Hong Kong University made his family proud of it.
____________________ (do) the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship.(全国Ⅰ卷)
For Wang Qiang，having a good sleep during the vacation ____________ (be) the most desirable thing to do.
_______________________________________________ made me feel lonely.
不擅长和别人交流让我感到孤独。
His
Doing
is
Not being good at communicating with others
THANKS
本节内容结束(共26张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
读后续写微技能三
运用拟人
拟人(personification)是赋予物以人的语言属性。这种拟人化的修辞手法使句子读起来特别形象生动，富有情趣。
1.The wind stood up and gave a shout.
大风凛冽，发出怒吼。
2.In the dead of night，the crickets played on the terrace of the house.
夜深人静时，蟋蟀们在房子的露台上玩耍。
3.The breeze gently kissed her cheeks.
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。
4.Birds on the tree are singing a beautiful song.
树上的小鸟在唱着美妙的歌曲。
5.Stars winked at me in a darkening sky.
夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。
I had to find him and give back the change.Out of the supermarket，an old man with a dirty overcoat and sockless ankles caught my attention. 1._________________________________，pressing back the change into his hand with a big bag of bread for his kindness.I hurried away before he expressed his thanks.At this moment，2.__________________________________________. Also，I felt comfortable about my home，family and even my life，rather than being mad.3.__________________________________________.I went home with my lovely child happily as well as gratefully.
I ran to him quickly
my guilt gave way to the relief
A gentle breeze softly kissed me
我必须找到他，把零钱还给他。走出超市，一个穿着脏大衣、光着脚踝的老人引起了我的注意。我飞快地跑过去，把零钱塞到他手里，拿着一大袋面包感谢他的好意。他还没来得及表示感谢，我就匆匆走开了。在这一刻，我的内疚被解脱所取代。此外，我对我的家、家人甚至我的生活都感到很舒服，而不是生气。一阵微风轻轻地吻着我。我带着我可爱的孩子高兴而又感激地回家了。
研读 教材原文
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking——通文本
Step Ⅰ Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The stories of sailors.
B.Ocean exploration of China.
C.The change of the ocean transport.
D.Ocean exploration in the past and now.
√
2.Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Para.1) A.The sea exploration in ancient China.
Part 2(Paras.2&3) B.The sea exploration in today’s China.
Part 3(Paras.4&5) C.The reasons to explore other places.
Part 4(Para.6) D.The sea exploration in the future.
答案 Part 1 C Part 2 A Part 3 B Part 4 D
Step Ⅱ Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Answer the following questions.
1.What is called “The Silk Road”？
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the second paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions. If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在古代______________________________________
中东________________________________________
作为……而出名______________________________
In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.
in ancient times
the Middle East
become/be known as
2.Please describe Zheng He’s sea route.
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the third paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions.If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在……的指挥下_______________________________________________
起航_________________________________________________________
Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.
under the command of
set sail
3.What is the aim of the Belt and Road Initiative
(Ask the students to find out the answer by scanning the fourth paragraph quickly，try to translate it into Chinese and pay attention to useful expressions.If possible，encourage them to keep them in mind.)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
鼓励合作与贸易________________________________________________
历史悠久的“丝绸之路”的地区__________________________________
加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系
___________________________________________________________________
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
encourage cooperation and trade
the historic Silk Road areas
strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world
√
(Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What can be inferred from Paragraph 1
A.Marco Polo was the first to sail across the sea.
B.Marco Polo’s success was a passion for sea sailing.
C.Making money was the only desire of early travellers.
D.Columbus first sailed across the ocean from east to west.
√
2.Where did China explore with other countries in recent years
A.The Red Sea.
B.The Arctic.
C.The South China Sea.
D.The east coast of Africa.
√
3.What is the reason for China exploring the Arctic in the scientific aspect
A.To meet an urgent need for resources.
B.To do research on climate change and its effects.
C.To communicate with other countries.
D.To explore new trading sea routes.
√
Step Ⅲ Read between the lines
Read the passage again and do the following exercises.
1.How can we describe Zheng He’s voyages at that time
A.Astonishing. B.Disappointing.
C.Frightening. D.Encouraging.
2.What is the function of the first sentence in the 4th paragraph
A.To present the background. B.To introduce the topic.
C.To provide an example. D.To make a transition.
√
3.What does the phrase “in hand” mean
___________________________________________________________________
4.What will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future
___________________________________________________________________
Available./In use.
The need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships.
Step Ⅳ Read beyond the lines
1.What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative？
(Critical thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.What should we do to make contributions to enhancing integration(结合，融合) with other countries？(Creative thinking)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step Ⅴ Sentence－learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
[句式分析] 该句为主从复合句。句中to negotiate trade deals是动词不定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
尝试翻译：_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易协议，也增进了对彼此文化的了解。
2.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
[句式分析] 该句为主从复合句。句中travelled by Zheng He为过去分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
尝试翻译：_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出，郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。
3.Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.
[句式分析] 该句为主从复合句。句中Although 引导让步状语从句；left to explore为过去分词短语作后置定语。
尝试翻译：_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
虽然郑和的古航路已经被重走了很多次，但还有很多其他地方有待探索。
Step Ⅵ Post－reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1.____________(found) of mankind’s greatest achievements.To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers 2.____________(search) for sea routes from west to east.However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3.____________ (do).A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，4.____________(centre) around Ceylon.
foundation
to search
did
centred
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China.Seven large 5.____________(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.6.____________ the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7.________________ strong desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，8.______________ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
fleets
Under
a
which
China has joined 9.____________(it) friends across the sea on other important projects.With the latest technology in hand，the need to trade 10.____________ the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
its
and
THANKS
本节内容结束(共40张PPT)
Period Ⅲ Grammar——复习动词不定式
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
图解 语法脉络
感知 语法规律
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
精讲 语法知识
3
///////
跟踪 落实检查
1
图解 语法脉络
2
感知 语法规律
观察下面的句子，并感知动词不定式的用法。
1.To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
2.Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.
3.Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
4.These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.
5.To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
6.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
7.Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come.
8.China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
9.Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
3
精讲 语法知识
一、概念
动词不定式的基本构成是“to＋动词原形”。to是不定式符号，无词义。动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词和动词的特征，它可以在句中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分。
二、动词不定式的变化形式
1.时态和语态
时态 主动 被动 意义
一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发生
进行式 to be doing 在谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行
完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生
Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin.(动词不定式的动作还未发生)(全国Ⅲ卷)
我们的旅行还包括有机会追随凡·高和高更的脚步。
I plan to withdraw from the club.(withdraw的动作在plan之后发生)
我打算退出这个俱乐部。
It’s a great honour for me to be invited.(me是invite动作的承受者)
我能被邀请，甚是荣幸。
They are reported to be working hard.(be reported与work同时发生)
据报道他们正努力地工作。
The merchant is considered to have negotiated with that factory.(negotiate发生在be considered之前)
这个商人被认为已经和那家工厂协商过了。
[名师点津] 动词不定式“主动形式表示被动意义”的几种情况
(1)动词不定式作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系，同时与句中另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系时。
Once the plan is made，we will have a lot of work to do every day.
一旦制订了计划，我们每天都会有很多工作要做。
(2)在“主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式”结构中。
The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.(2023·浙江1月卷)
轨道车上的温度通常很难控制。
(3)动词不定式与疑问代词连用时。
For a period of time，as a young athlete，I didn’t know what to do.
(2022·全国乙卷)
有一段时间，作为一名年轻的运动员，我不知道该做什么。
(4)在“be to blame”中常用主动形式表示被动意义。
It is said that the driver was to blame for this car accident happening last night.
据说昨晚发生的这起车祸应归咎于司机。
(5)在“too...to...”结构中。
The box is too heavy for the little boy to lift.
这个盒子太重了，小男孩抬不起来。
(6)在there be句型中，作主语的名词后可接动词不定式作定语，动词不定式用主动式或被动式均可，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
There is nothing to worry/to be worried about.
没什么可担心的。
2.动词不定式的否定形式：not/never to do
He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.(2021·全国甲卷)
他似乎没有注意到旁边的那个人。但很快我就看到了他的一些眼神。
We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.
我们只是把他们送到花园里，告诉他们暂时不要回来。
三、动词不定式的句法功能
1.作主语
动词不定式作主语表示将来特定的某一次的具体动作，谓语动词用单数。
To err is human.
金无足赤，人无完人。/人非圣贤，孰能无过。
To finish this job in one day is impossible.
要在一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。
To blame the worker will not make up for the loss.
责备那个工作人员弥补不了损失。
[名师点津] 若动词不定式太长，则往往用it代替动词不定式作形式主语，动词不定式移至句末，常用句式为：it＋be＋adj.＋of/for sb to do sth。当形容词表达事物的特征时，用for sb；当形容词表达人的特征或品质时，用of sb。
It is important for us students to work out on a regular basis.
经常锻炼身体对我们学生很重要。
It is kind of you to help me out of the difficulty.
帮我摆脱困难，你真好。
2.作表语
动词不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面，表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用。系动词主要是be类动词(am，is，are，was，were，been等)和表象类动词(seem，appear等)；主语常常是dream，wish，idea，plan，task，purpose，aim，duty，job等表示意向、打算、职责等意义的词。
At this point，it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.
目前尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
My main task is to get this company running smoothly.
我的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。
3.作宾语
I decided to devote myself to the task of working with the subjects，while he developed the scientific model.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我决定全身心投入到研究课题的工作中，而他则开发科学模型。
We offered to give Sharon a ride home，but she declined，saying that she felt like walking.(天津7月卷)
我们提出开车送莎伦回家，但她拒绝了，说她想走路。
[名师点津]
(1)常用动词不定式作宾语的动词：
三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：pretend，choose
They promise to love and serve their homeland，people and families.
他们承诺热爱并服务于他们的祖国、人民和家庭。
Unexpectedly，he refused to take the money for the gas，saying “What good is a man who cannot help another in need”.
出乎意料的是，他拒绝接受汽油费，说“一个人，要是不能帮助其他需要帮助的人，还有什么用”。
She managed to climb onto the rock and waited with patience.
她设法爬上岩石，耐心地等待着。
Karie pretended to be smiling all the time.Meanwhile a sense of guilt rose inside her.
卡莉一直假装在笑。与此同时，她内心产生了一种愧疚感。
(2)“动词＋it＋adj./n.＋动词不定式”结构，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。用于该结构的动词有feel，find，think，believe，consider，make等。
That makes it extra hard to learn and practise.
那使得学习和练习变得格外困难。
4.作定语
动词不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。动词不定式作定语的几种情况：
(1)序数词、形容词最高级或 the last/the only/the next 等后或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is June 15.
(2023·浙江1月卷)
取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。
The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the things she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap.
支付这些商品的唯一方法是放下可以不买的东西：一瓶擦拭酒精和一块肥皂。
(2)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，opportunity，ability，promise，attempt等后常用动词不定式作定语。
The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person’s face or images totally different from the ones used in training.
然后，研究人员通过向狗展示人脸的另一半或与训练中使用的图像完全不同的图像来测试狗区分人类面部表情的能力。
The party also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
(全国Ⅲ卷)
聚会还让人们有机会看看新家是什么样子的。
(3)something，nothing，anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
He wants us to stop seeing sleep as an inconvenience，something to be gotten through.(浙江1月卷)
他希望我们不要再把睡眠看作是一种不便，一种需要克服的事情。
Do you have anything to say
你有什么要说的吗？
(4)动词不定式作定语可表示将来的、还没发生的动作。
With a lot of work to deal with，the new president will be busy in the following two weeks.
由于有很多工作要做，新总统在接下来的两周内会很忙碌。
5.作状语
(1)作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时，其所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，一般放在句子后面，表示强调，也可位于句首；其前可加in order或so as，但加so as时不能放在句首。
To help us prepare for the exam，the teacher suggested reading through our notes.(天津7月卷)
为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。
But remember，it’s you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.(全国Ⅰ卷)
但请记住，为了更好地理解你的朋友，你必须不断成长、阅读和重读。
(2)作原因状语
动词不定式常跟在作表语的形容词和过去分词之后，用来说明产生某种情绪或作出某种评价的原因。此类词有happy，lucky，surprised，sorry，glad，delighted，eager，anxious，ready，foolish，interested，careless等。
If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts，keep them in a safe place.(全国Ⅲ卷)
如果你有幸收到礼物，就把它们放在一个安全的地方。
I’m glad to know that you’ve come to China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.(全国Ⅱ卷)
我很高兴知道你已经来中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。
(3)作结果状语
动词不定式作结果状语时常放在句尾，表示出乎意料的结果。常用only to do，enough to do，too...to...，so/such...as to do等形式。
Lamb and mother reunited，I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.(浙江7月卷)
小羊和妈妈团聚了，我转向拖拉机，却看到它突然从我身边移开。
Their companionship was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
(2022·全国甲卷)
他们的陪伴几乎足以让我不再感到孤独。
The old woman was so angry as to shake.
那个老妇人气得发抖。
[名师点津] 现在分词(短语)作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果，即句子和结果状语之间有一定的因果关系。
A flush of embarrassment came to her cheeks，making Jessy biting her lips.
尴尬得满脸通红，杰西咬了咬嘴唇。
6.作补语
(1)ask，tell，invite，get，advise，allow，want，permit，warn，order，encourage，prefer，expect，force，wish，beg等表示命令、教导、要求、意向、允许、警告等意义的动词后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
Mom expected me to start crying，but I just sat there for a minute.(浙江1月卷)
妈妈希望我开始哭，但我只是在那里坐了一会儿。
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do，but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我和你一样一天有24小时，但我做出了具体的选择，让我能够充分利用每一天。
(2)believe，consider，declare，find，prove，suppose，think等表示意见、认可、判断、料想、声明等意义的动词后的宾语补足语常是“to be”形式。
She’s proved herself to be a very reliable worker.
她证明了自己是一名非常可靠的员工。
I believe him to be honest.
我相信他是诚实的。
(3)在feel(一感)，hear/listen to(二听)，make/let/have(三让)，see/watch/notice/ observe(四看)等使役动词和感官动词(短语)后，动词不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。这些词在变为被动语态时，to不能省略，此时动词不定式作主语补足语。(一感二听三让四看半帮助，主动不to 被动to)
Read a book，knit，do a crossword puzzle，or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.(2023·浙江1月卷)
看书、编织、做填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。
Because he was absorbed in the book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.
→Because he was absorbed in the book，I wasn’t noticed to enter the room.
他完全被这本书所吸引，没有注意到我进入房间。
跟踪 落实检查
4
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He asked each villager that received the machine ____________ (use)it and train an inheritor (继承者) of the local weaving technique.(2024·山东烟台一模)
2.Today in Weifang，there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites，which can be made ________________ (represent) people’s ideals and desires.(2024·湖北5月省考)
3.I feel I have a new mission ____________ (shoulder)，even after China wins its battle to reduce poverty.(2024·山东烟台二模)
to use
to represent
to shoulder
4.The ground floor tends ____________ (use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment.(2024·湖南邵阳二模)
5.That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%，and she plans ____________ (continue) the practice.(2022·浙江1月卷)
6.A visually－challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an，as a first step ____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.(2022·全国甲卷)
7.Mary’s sister，Frances Todd Wallace，often came over ____________ (plant) flowers in the front yard.(2021·浙江6月卷)
to be used
to continue
to journey
to plant
8.He convinced the police department __________ (allow) him ____________ (set) up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.(天津7月卷)
9.They are said _________________ (study) psychology now.
10.The snow seemed ___________________ (blow) from the top of the mountain.
to allow
to set
to be studying
to have been blown
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.To a little child，the problem _________________________________.
对于一个小孩子来说，这个问题很难解决。
2.I think it my duty ______________________________________________.
我认为组织各种各样的有意义的活动是我的职责。
3.He got to the station ______________________________________________.
他到了车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。
4.He is __________________________________________________ on his own.
他已经长大了，可以独立解决这个问题。
is difficult to solve
to organize various meaningful activities
only to be told the train had gone
old enough to solve the problem
THANKS
本节内容结束(共39张PPT)
Period Ⅱ Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language——析考点
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
2
///////
夯实 语言基础
1
///////
精析 核心要点
1
夯实 语言基础
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ n.故事；叙述
2.____________ n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
3.____________ adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
4.____________ n.航道；海峡；频道
5.____________ vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款
6.____________ adv.在水下 adj.水下的
tale
merchant
royal
channel
tax
underwater
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.behold vt.(beheld，beheld) ________________
2.league n. __________________________
3.spice n. ________________
4.bond n. ________________
vt.& vi. __________________________
5.tournament n. ________________
6.laptop n. _________________________
看；看见
等级；水平；联合会；联赛
(调味)香料
纽带；关系
增强信任关系；使牢固结合
锦标赛；联赛
笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
____________ adj.延伸的；扩大的；长期的
____________ n.扩大；延伸
____________ adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的
2.negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)vi.谈判；磋商；协商
____________ n.谈判；磋商；协商
3.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离 vt.(从银行)取(钱)
____________ n.收回；取回；撤回；撤退；取款
extended
extension
extensive
negotiation
withdrawal
4.politics n.政治；政治观点
____________ n.政策，方针
____________ adj.政治的；党派的
____________ n.政治家，政客
5.professor n.教授；教师；研究员
____________ n.职业；行业
____________ adj.专业的；职业的
policy
political
politician
profession
professional
6.mix vi.& vt.(使)混合；(使)掺和；(使)融合
____________ adj.混合的；形形色色的；(感情等)矛盾复杂的
____________ n.混合；结合体；混合物
7.cover v.包括；采访；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
____________ n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
8.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏
____________ n.鼓掌
mixed
mixture
coverage
applause
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________起航；开航
2.________________________独领风骚
3._______________________在……的领导下 vt.(从银行)取(钱)
4.________________拓展；伸出
5._________________为……的利益
6.________________退出；撤回
7.________________在手头；可供使用
8.________________记者招待会；新闻发布会
set sail
in a league of one’s own
under the command of
reach out
for the benefit of
withdraw from
in hand
press conference
9.form the foundation of __________________
10.strengthen the bonds between...and... _______________________
11.from a...point of view _______________________
形成……的基础
增强……和……的联系
从一个……的角度来看
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：what引导宾语从句
[原句] In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.
在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
仿写：在课堂开始时，会播放一段短片，帮助我们学生了解哪些意外伤害会频繁发生，以及会造成什么伤害。
At the beginning of the class,a short film will be shown,helping us students know ___________________________________________________________________.
what accidental injuries will frequently happen and what harm they will cause
2.句型公式：as引导的方式状语从句的省略
[原句] Over the centuries，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
几个世纪以来，随着贸易的发展，中国西部地区得到了更多的探索，正如八世纪时杜环在《经行记》中所记载的那样。
仿写：我们按计划按时完成了任务。
We finished our task on time _________________________.
as planned
3.句型公式：with复合结构
[原句] Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，随着最新技术的掌握，贸易的需要和加强关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋走向遥远的未来。
仿写：随着高考的临近，我们正忙于做最后的准备。
_________________________________________________________________，we are occupied in making final preparations.(浙江7月卷)
With the college entrance examination approaching
精析 核心要点
2
1.set sail 起航；开航
[佳句背诵] The lights and music faded as we set sail from the harbor.
当我们从海港起航时，光线逐渐变暗，音乐声逐渐减弱。
set up 建立；安装好；设置；引发；产生
set out 出发；动身；启程；开始工作(＋to do sth)；安排；布置；陈述；阐明
set off 动身；出发；引起；爆炸
set about 开始；着手(＋doing sth)
set down 写下；记下；制定
set aside 省出，留出(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
[活学巧用]
单句语法填空/补全句子/补全语段
There were several interruptions，and I laid behind schedule.I set about _________________ (tidy) the kitchen.
In spite of your busy schedule，you set ____________ a few days to teach me more pronunciation skills and background knowledge.
World Oceans Day was ______________________________________________
____________________________，which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.
(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
世界海洋日的设立是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识，海洋在全球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。
tidying
aside
set up to raise people’s awareness of protecting
the oceans
With all the preparations made，we ___________________ to make popcorn. Meanwhile，we _________________ “Delicious Popcorn” on a board and we planned to ________________ in front of our stand.Then，we _______________ for the market like happy birds.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
做好所有准备，我们开始做爆米花。同时，我们在一块木板上写下“美味的爆米花”，打算把它竖立在我们的摊位前。然后，我们像快乐的小鸟一样向市场出发。
set out
set down
set it up
set off
2.extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；伸出；提供，给予
·extended adj.延伸的；扩大的；长期的
·extension n.扩大；延伸
·extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的；大量的
[佳句背诵] I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all my teachers，who have done so much for us over the years.(感谢信)
我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。
(1)extend from...to... 从……延伸到……
extend out 伸出
extend a deadline/visa/the life of延长最后期限/签证/……的寿命
extend to 延长到
extend by 延长了
(2)extend sth to sb 给予某人某物
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
Her visit will extend ____________ Monday to Thursday.
These courses are based on a weekly two－hour class，____________ (extend) over a period of twenty weeks.
If the tree is left to grow naturally，its main stem will
________________________________________.
如果让这棵树自然生长，它的主干将延伸到大约12英尺。
from
extending
extend to around 12 feet
___________________________________________ is to help us gain a greater appreciation of the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of ecosystem.
(报道，2023·浙江1月卷)
这项活动的延伸的目的是帮助我们更好地认识植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所发挥的作用。
The extended purpose of this activity
3.negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
·negotiation n.谈判；磋商；协商
·negotiable adj.可协商的
[佳句背诵] Nowadays countries all over the world have negotiated with each other concerning how to protect oceans more efficiently.
(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
现在，世界各地的国家都已经就如何更有效地保护海洋进行谈判。
(1)negotiate with sb 与某人商议/谈判
negotiate for 为……谈判
(2)under negotiation 在商讨中
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
It doesn’t give them the means to negotiate ____________ higher pay.
The details of the contract are still ____________ negotiation.
We’ve decided to __________________________________________________
about our wage claim.
我们决定就工资问题与雇主谈判。
for
under
negotiate with the employers
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤回;撤离,使退出 vt.提取;收回
·withdrawal n.收回；取回；撤回；撤退；取款
[佳句背诵] From his expression，I sensed that David wanted to join in the running race instead of withdrawing from the race.
(人物描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
从他的表情中，我感觉到大卫想参加跑步比赛，而不是退出比赛。
withdraw from从……撤出，撤回
withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款
withdraw one’s eyes from把视线从……移开(不再看……)
withdraw a remark 收回发言
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
They withdrew their eyes ____________ what they were doing on hearing the tremendous crash.
It was a laptop，the greatest gift my grandpa left me.Grandpa _______________________ (withdraw) all his savings to buy the laptop for me.
In order not to be disturbed he wanted to ______________________________
the guest list.
为了不被打扰，他想从客人名单中撤回自己的名字。
from
had withdrawn
withdraw his name from
5.bond n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
[佳句背诵] The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.(全国Ⅰ卷)
重新阅读之美在于我们与书之间的纽带是建立在我们当下的精神状态基础之上的。
(1)bond with 与……培养/建立关系
bond...to... 把……粘在……上；使……紧紧连接到……
(2)bond between...and... ……和……之间的联系
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
It was a special time to bond ____________ my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.(全国Ⅱ卷)
There is a strong emotional bond between mother ____________ child.
Silver overlay is bonded ____________ the entire surface.
Grandpa and I _____________________________.Perhaps it was because I was his oldest grandchild.
爷爷和我有着特殊的感情。也许是因为我是他最大的孙子。
with
and
to
shared a special bond
6.mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物
·mix vi.& vt.(使)混合；(使)掺和；(使)融合
·mixed adj.混合的；形形色色的；(感情等)矛盾复杂的
[佳句背诵] At the sight of the breakfast tray，the mother conveyed a mixture of surprise and happiness.(情绪描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到早餐托盘，这位母亲流露出惊喜感动和幸福的复杂心情。
(1)mix with 与……混合；与……交往
mix A with B/mix A and B (together) 把A与B混合起来/融合在一起
mix up 混淆；弄混；弄乱
(2)a mixture of ……的混合物
[活学巧用] 单句语法填空/补全句子
All the houses looked so similar that she mixed them ____________.
The moment I entered the room，I smelled a strong smell of medicine mixed ____________ other smells.
Thrilled，____________ (mix) with a little frightened，he quickened his pace!
Jenna found the bread and __________________________________________.
(动作描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
詹娜找到面包，把两片放进鸡蛋混合物里。
up
with
mixed
put two slices into the egg mixture
7.in hand在手头；可供使用；在处理中；在控制中
[佳句背诵] Having enough data in hand，we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled. 手头有了足够的资料，我们就可以着手如期举行新闻发布会了。
at hand 近在手边；在附近
by hand 手工，用手
(at) first hand 第一手的(地)；直接的(地)
hand in hand 手挽手；密切关联
on the one hand...on the other (hand)...
一方面……另一方面……(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)
[活学巧用] 用hand的相关短语填空/补全句子
As an old saying goes，“Success and failure always go ________________.”
Meanwhile，you’d better keep a dictionary close ________________ so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.
_________________，computers extend our vision；___________________，they also bring about some harmful problems.
一方面，计算机扩展了我们的视野；另一方面，它们也带来了一些有害的问题。
hand in hand
at hand
On the one hand
on the other (hand)
1.In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.
在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
句型公式|what引导宾语从句
(1)what除了可以引导宾语从句，还可引导主语从句和表语从句。
(2)what在名词性从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。该从句在结构上相当于“先行词＋定语从句”。
[佳句背诵]
First of all，what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.
(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
首先，我们能做的就是重视我们的日常行动。
One look and he knew what they were up to.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
只要看一眼，他就知道他们在干什么。
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened.(动作描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我迅速在人群中寻找学校的教练，问他发生了什么事。
[活学巧用] 写出下列各句中what引导的从句在句中所作成分/补全句子
What we need most are popular science books.____________
As a member of the society，I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.____________
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.____________
If I could interview him，I would ask him _____________________________
and how he was trained.
如果我能采访他，我会问他是什么让他成为宇航员，以及他是如何接受训练的。
主语
表语
宾语
what made him an astronaut
2.From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
从科学的角度来看，我们确实迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
句型公式|There is a need to do sth
There is no need for... ……是没有必要的
There is no need for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事没有必要
There is a/no possibility that...＝It is possible/impossible that...
有/没有可能……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义。
[佳句背诵]
There is an urgent need to choose a healthy and environmentally friendly way of traveling.(环境保护)
急需选择一种既健康又环保的旅游方式。
There is no need for parents to do everything for their children.
父母没有必要为孩子做所有事情。
[活学巧用] 补全句子/补全语段
_______________________________ only mastering theory without practice.
没有实践只掌握理论是没有意义的。
_____________________________________________ my good communication skills enable me to keep a good relationship with others.
毫无疑问，我良好的沟通能力能够使我与他人保持良好的关系。
__________________________________________________________________
as long as you put your heart into it.
只要你全神贯注于你的目标，你就有可能实现你的目标。
There is no point/sense (in)
There is no doubt that
There is a possibility that you achieve your goal
In many people’s opinion，__________________________________________
_______________ traditional Chinese cultures in modern times.But personally，
_______________________________________________ from dying out.After all，we are in need of ancient people’s wisdom so that we can make less mistakes.
(传统文化)
在许多人看来，当代中国人没必要传承中国传统文化。但就我个人而言，急需保护它们免遭消亡。毕竟，为了少犯错误，我们需要古人的智慧。
there is no need for Chinese people to
pass down
there is an urgent need to protect them
THANKS
本节内容结束(共10张PPT)
单元知识回顾
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.默写词块
一、教材词块默写
1.______________________________________________人类最伟大成就的基础
2.____________________________沿陆路运至印度
3.__________________________________________从而提高对彼此文化的认识
4.__________________极为壮观
5.________________________独领风骚
6.___________________________“一带一路”倡议
7.____________________________________________________________
加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系
the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements
find its way overland to India
lead to more awareness of each other’s cultures
a sight to behold
in a league of their own
the Belt and Road Initiative
strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world
8.___________________________________________________
有利于未来的贸易和文化交流
9.________________________________从科学的角度来看
10._________________________________增进关系的愿望
11._________________________杀死了很多鸟和鱼
12._________________________应对重要的问题
13.___________________________________________
提升我们对地球上的生命的了解
14.______________________进入深海
15.________________________________与经济需求相平衡
for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange
from a scientific point of view
the desire to enhance relationships
kill many birds and fish
address important issues
improve our understanding of life on the earth
access the deep ocean
be balanced with economic needs
二、讲解词块默写
1.__________________从……延伸到……
2.__________________与某人商议/谈判
3.________________从……撤出，撤回
4.________________与……培养/建立关系
5.________________与……混合；与……交往
6.________________对……怜悯/宽恕
7.________________因……而逮捕某人
extend from...to...
negotiate with sb
withdraw from
bond with
mix with
show mercy to
arrest sb for...
8.___________________________把视线从……移开(不再看……)
9.________________________……和……之间的联系
10.________________混淆；弄混；弄乱
withdraw one’s eyes from
bond between...and...
mix up
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.His songs express exactly ____________________________________________.
他的歌曲准确地表达了人们对爱、生活和人际关系的感觉。
2.The bridge，____________________________________，is really wonderful.
如图所示，那座桥真是美极了。
3.Why don’t you ___________________________________________________
and solve this issue once and for all
您为什么不直接与他进行协商，一劳永逸地解决这个问题？
what people feel about love,life and relationships
as shown in the picture
negotiate directly with him
4._________________________________________________ is a big challenge.
制造能飞到月球的飞行器是一项重大的挑战。
5.I found myself on the point of giving up.But one day a TV program
_________________________________________________________.
我发现自己快要放弃了。但有一天，一档电视节目引起了我的注意。
Making an aircraft that can fly to the moon
arrested my attention
Ⅲ.语法填空——核心考点语境串记
The Ming Dynasty wanted 1.__________________ (strengthen) the bonds 2.______________ some western countries，and between 1405 and 1433 seven large 3.____________ (fleet) under the command of Zheng He，4.____________ was called “the Columbus of China”，set sail westward from the South China Sea.They sailed across 5.____________ Indian Ocean to the east coast of Africa，along the marine channels which 6.__________________ (extend) by the former merchants and explorers.They took gold，silk，and spices to the African royal
to strengthen
with
fleets
who
the
had been extended
families and 7.____________ (negotiate) trade deals with them.Although China withdrew from 8.____________ (far)expeditions after 1433，these fleets were a sight 9.____________ (behold) and were in a league of 10.____________ (they) own at that time.
negotiated
further
to behold
their
THANKS
本节内容结束(共26张PPT)
Period Ⅴ Writing——辩论性议论文
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
点拨 写作技巧
积累 写作素材
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
示例 分步写作
3
///////
跟踪 落实检查
1
点拨 写作技巧
一、技法指导
辩论性议论文主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法，因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较，然后进行分析和评论，最后提出自己的看法，表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明，得出结论。
二、篇章结构
2
积累 写作素材
一、亮点词汇
1.ocean exploration 海洋探索
2.explore the ocean 探索海洋
3.vary from person to person 因人而异
4.do damage to 对……造成损害
5.destroy the deep－sea ecosystem 破坏深海生态系统
6.attach great importance to 高度重视
7.in favour of 支持
8.play a vital part in 在……中起重要作用
9.make outstanding contributions to 对……作出杰出贡献
10.from my point of view 依我之见
11.a wise choice 一个明智的选择
12.oppose the opinion 反对这个观点
13.the following three reasons 以下三个原因
14.become more and more popular 变得越来越受欢迎
二、高级句式
首段：点明辩论的主题
1.When it comes to ocean exploration，people hold different opinions.
当谈到海洋探索，人们持有不同的观点。
2.The opinion on whether to further explore the ocean varies from person to person.
关于是否进一步探索海洋的意见因人而异。
3.Our class had a heated discussion about the phenomenon.Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
我们班对这种现象进行了热烈讨论。主要有两种观点。
中段：用简洁的语言陈述双方的观点，然后再分条陈述理由，注意论据要合情合理
1.Some people hold the view that ocean exploration may do damage to some marine life.
一些人认为海洋探索可能会对一些海洋生物造成伤害。
2.Some people support/are in favour of ocean exploration because rich resources in the ocean may help solve the problem of energy shortages.
一些人支持海洋探索，因为丰富的海洋资源可以帮助解决能源短缺的问题。
3.A majority of people approve of the idea because fish can provide us with rich nutrients.
大多数人赞成这个观点，因为鱼可以给我们提供丰富的营养。
4.Through ocean exploration，we can know more about the ocean and better understand the reason why the environment changes.
通过海洋探索，我们可以更多地了解海洋，更好地了解环境变化的原因。
5.Information from ocean exploration is very important，which helps predict earthquakes and tsunamis.
来自海洋探索的信息很重要，它有助于预测地震和海啸。
6.However，some people hold a different opinion.They think that human’s overfishing may not only cause pollution but also destroy the deep－sea ecosystem.
然而，一些人持有不同的观点。他们认为人类的过度捕捞不仅会造成污染，还会破坏深海生态系统。
尾段：表达自己的观点
1.Personally speaking，there are some good and bad effects caused by ocean exploration.
就我个人而言，海洋探索既有好的影响也有坏的影响。
2.As far as I’m concerned，moderate ocean exploration is worth investing because it can inspire humans to find new energy.
在我看来，适度的海洋探索是值得投资的，因为它可以激励人类去发现新的能源。
3
示例 分步写作
假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.获取更多的海底资源； 2.提高对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染，导致海洋生物死亡； 2.破坏生态系统。 ……
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
第一步：要点翻译
1.海洋探索使人们有可能发现新的药物、新的食物来源和能源。
Sea exploration has _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
2.海洋探索可能会导致海洋污染。
Sea exploration might ______________________________________________.
3.海洋污染最终导致海洋生物死亡。
Marine pollution finally ____________________________________________.
made it possible for people to discover new medicines，
new sources of food and energy
bring about marine pollution
leads the ocean creatures to death
4.海洋探索可能有助于增进我们对地球上生命的了解。
Sea exploration might _______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
5.科技进步了。
_________________________________________________________________
6.我们可能有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。
We may __________________________________________________________.
help improve our understanding of the life
on the earth
Technology improves.
have more options of managing this balance
第二步：词句升级
1.用as well as升级要点1
Sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover new medicines __________________________________________________________________.
2.用although 引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句升级要点2、要点3和要点4
__________________________________________________________________
our understanding of the life on the earth，it might _____________________
__________________________________________________________________.
as well as new sources of food and energy
Although sea exploration might help improve
bring about marine
pollution，which finally leads the ocean creatures to death
3.用as引导状语从句升级要点5和要点6
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As technology improves，we may have more options of managing this balance.
第三步：连句成篇
Dear Editor，
Recently our class has had a discussion about whether sea exploration should be carried out.
Some of the students are in favour of sea exploration.They say sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover new medicines as well as new sources of food and energy.Others are against it.Although sea exploration might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth，it might bring about marine pollution，which finally leads the ocean creatures to death.It also might cause ecosystem destruction.
Personally，sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully，as technology improves，we may have more options of managing this balance.
Yours，
Li Hua
跟踪 落实检查
4
最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ self－study or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请根据表格提示写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论的情况并阐述自己的看法，然后发表在校报上。
独立学习更好(55%) 合作学习更好(45%) 你的观点
1.免于被他人干扰； 2.有助于培养独立思考的能力； 3.更容易获得成就感。 1.有助于营造浓厚的学习气氛； 2.有助于培养互助合作的精神。 ……
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self－study or teamwork study.There are different ideas concerning the topic.
55% of the students supported self－study.Not only could it avoid interruption from others but also it could develop our ability to think independently.Besides，it would be much easier for us to gain a sense of achievement.On the other hand，45% of the students thought that teamwork study could help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation.
From my point of view，both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages，so individuals should choose the learning style that is suitable for themselves.
THANKS
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