(共25张PPT)
课时测评作业三
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
【小题夯基】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.They are easy ____________ (care) for and make great presents.(全国Ⅱ卷)
2.His dream is ____________ (become) an astronaut.
3.She seems ____________ (get) along well with her new classmates.
4.The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that encourages those of all ages ____________ (interact) and get to know each other in the future.(天津7月卷)
5.I promise ____________ (keep) you company at night.
to care
to become
to get
to interact
to keep
6.He bought a book and was surprised __________ (find) a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same garden as his father’s painting.(全国Ⅱ卷)
7.Mexicans consider ____________ inappropriate to eat with utensils(器具).
(2022·全国甲卷)
8.This exposure has provided them with many chances ____________ (learn).
9.He pretended ______________ (read)when his mother entered the room.
10.I’m very sorry ____________ (keep) you sitting around doing nothing.
to find
it
to learn
to be reading
to have kept
Ⅱ.根据所学语法补全句子
1.When I was a junior three student，my aim was _______________________.
上初三时，我的目标是做全班最好的。
2.______________________，I decided ______________________ until midnight like my deskmate.
为了实现这个目标，我决定像我的同桌一样每天熬到半夜。
3.I tried to be the last _____________________ and the first ________________，_______________________________________________________________.
我努力最后一个走，第一个到，却发现我上课时总是发困。
to be the best in my class
To achieve this goal
to stay up
to leave
to arrive
only to find myself always sleepy in class
4.My teacher said it was very important _______________________________.
我的老师说保持充足的睡眠是很重要的。
5.He ________________________________ that/which is suitable for myself.
他建议我制定一个适合我自己的计划。
6.He was glad ___________________________________________________.
他很高兴被那所重点大学录取了。
to have enough sleep
advised me to make a plan
to have been admitted to that key university
7.The young man is often heard _______________________________________
which are popular these days.
经常听到这个年轻人唱最近流行的歌曲。
8.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle
___________________________.
孩子们在餐桌上大声说话，我不得不努力让自己被听到。
to sing the songs
to be heard
Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式补全短文
“Let’s get out of here，Paul！” screamed Bill.Paul’s heart beat wildly，his legs trembling.“There is no need 1.____________ (worry).We are bound 2.____________ (get) out.” Paul comforted him.However，it was very difficult 3.____________ (make) it.They turned around，trying their best 4.__________ (push) the closed door，but in vain.However，with so much difficulty 5.____________ (handle)，Paul and Bill didn’t lose heart.They picked up an overturned chair 6.____________ (make)the window open and then climbed through it carefully.7.____________ (leave)the frightening place，they ran as quickly as possible.Finally，although they were still suffering from the shock，they were relieved 8.____________ (reach)a safe place.
to worry
to get
to make
to push
to handle
to make
To leave
to reach
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.完形填空
Zhang Qian，an outstanding diplomat(外交官) and explorer in the Han Dynasty，with a pioneering and adventurous __1__ as well as a strong and unyielding character，was __2__ as the “pioneer of the silk road” “the first Chinese to open the eyes to see the world” and “the Columbus of the __3__”.
As early as 2，000 years ago，Zhang Qian was __4__ on a mission to seek allies(同盟国) in the west of China to __5__ the enemies in northern tribes.Along the way，no matter how difficult the environment was，his __6__ was firm.But soon Zhang was __7__ by the Huns just as he left Han territory and was held prisoner for a dozen years.
After an eleven spring and autumn recycling，the Huns’ __8__ became loose.Hence，Zhang ran away with his personal __9__.They continued to travel west without any dry food and drinking water.Due to the excellent skill of shooting arrows，they __10__ by eating birds and animals along the way.After several days，they __11__ arrived in Amu Darya Area.However，people there enjoyed their life and didn’t want any war.Though Zhang didn’t finish his mission，he brought back precious __12__ of the Western Regions.
Due to the __13__ of Zhang Qian，the Silk Road started.Through his diplomatic practice，the bridge of friendly exchanges between the Han and Western countries was __14__，and the cultural and economic exchanges between the east and the west were promoted.Zhang’s journey to the Western Regions breathed new __15__ into the civilization and progress of the whole world.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了张骞历经艰险出使西域，开启了丝绸之路的故事，及其对促进东西方文化、经济交流的影响。
1.A.will B.spirit C.team D.tradition
解析 根据下文“‘pioneer of the silk road’‘the first Chinese to open the eyes to see the world’”可知，张骞具有开拓冒险的精神和坚强不屈的性格。
2.A.played B.dressed C.mistaken D.honored
解析 mistake弄错；honor给……以荣誉。空后是张骞赢得的几个名誉称号，be honored as“被誉为”，符合题意。
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3.A.north B.east C.south D.west
解析 根据上文“Zhang Qian，an outstanding diplomat(外交官) and explorer in the Han Dynasty”可知，张骞是中国汉朝人，故被誉为“东方的哥伦布”。
4.A.assigned B.frozen C.withdrawn D.stuck
解析 assign派遣； withdraw撤回； stick陷住，卡住。根据空后的“on a mission to seek allies(同盟国) in the west of China”可知，张骞被派到中国西部寻求盟友。
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5.A.compromise with B.take over
C.fight against D.learn from
解析 compromise with妥协。根据空后的“the enemies in northern tribes”可知，此处指对抗北方部落的敌人。
6.A.statement B.position C.faith D.reputation
解析 statement声明；position地位；reputation名声。根据句意及下文他被囚禁十几年可知，无论环境多么艰难，他的信念始终坚定。
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7.A.captured B.persuaded C.threatened D.challenged
解析 capture俘虏。根据下文的“was held prisoner for a dozen years”可知，张骞离开汉朝领土后不久，被匈奴人囚禁了十几年。由此可知，张骞被俘虏了。
8.A.watch B.atmosphere C.investigation D.requirement
解析 watch监视，警戒； investigation调查，侦察。根据下文“Hence，Zhang ran away”可知，张骞逃了出来。由此可知，此处指匈奴人的警戒放松了。
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9.A.cattle B.waitresses C.cooks D.guards
解析 cattle家牛；guard卫兵，警卫。根据下文“They continued to travel west...”可知，他们继续向西前行。由此可知，张骞带着他的贴身护卫一起逃跑了。
10.A.surrounded B.survived C.sheltered D.strengthened
解析 shelter保护。根据“by eating birds and animals along the way”可知，尽管没有干粮和水，但是由于高超的射箭技术，他们通过沿途猎食鸟类和动物，活了下来。
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11.A.constantly B.violently C.extensively D.eventually
解析 constantly始终； extensively广阔地。根据上下文可知，张骞一行人历经艰险，终于到达阿姆河地区。
12.A.power B.valuables C.knowledge D.slaves
解析 valuables贵重物品。根据上下文可知，虽然张骞没有完成(为汉武帝寻找盟友的)使命，但他带回了宝贵的西域知识。
13.A.greed B.wealth C.effort D.violence
解析 greed贪婪。根据“the Silk Road started”可知，张骞出使西域促进了中国和西方的物质文化交流，所以由于他的努力，丝绸之路开始了。
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14.A.constructed B.reformed C.preserved D.assessed
解析 assess评估。根据“and the cultural and economic exchanges between the east and the west were promoted”可知，通过张骞的外交实践，架起了汉朝与西方国家友好交往的桥梁。
15.A.smell B.vitality C.format D.discipline
解析 vitality活力；format设计；discipline纪律。根据上下文可知，张骞出使西域，为世界文明与进步注入了新的活力。
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Ⅱ.语法填空
The world’s largest iceberg could hit South Georgia Island，posing 1.____________ high risk to the wildlife that calls it home.
The iceberg，2.____________(name) A68a，is now approaching South Georgia Island.There’s a 3.____________(possible) that it could ground itself on the island.The normal food－seeking routes for seals and penguins could 4.____________(block).
“When you are talking about penguins and seals during the period 5.____________ is crucial to them—raising baby animals，the actual distance they have to travel to find food really 6.________ (matter)，” British Antarctic Survey(BAS) ecologist Professor Geraint Tarling said.“If they have to take a longer route，they’re not going to get back to their young in time to prevent them 7.____________ (starve) to death.”
The iceberg is now about 300 8.____________(mile) away from the island.Because A68a only extends around 656 feet below the waterline，it could advance quite far before getting stuck.If that happens，the iceberg could be stuck for up to 10 years，increasing its impact 9.____________ wildlife.
However，it is very difficult 10.____________(say) precisely what will happen.If the iceberg does stay in the ocean，it could actually help local wildlife.The dust it carries would benefit plankton，which supports the entire food web.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。讲述了世界最大的冰山有可能撞上南乔治亚岛，对那里的生物造成一定的影响。
1.a [考查冠词。分析句意可知，此处泛指“某种很高的风险”，应使用不定冠词修饰，又因空格后单词high的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词a。]
2.named [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，name在此是非谓语动词，作后置定语，与逻辑主语The iceberg之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。]
3.possibility [考查词性转换。根据设空处前不定冠词a可知，设空处应用单数名词作主语；结合句意可知，设空处应表示“可能性”，故填possibility。]
4.be blocked [考查语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入动词，与情态动词could一起构成谓语，动词block与主语routes之间是被动关系，因而用被动语态，情态动词后be动词用原形。故填be blocked。]
5.that/which [考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the period，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。]
6.matters [考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，matter是主句谓语动词，根据语境可知，应用一般现在时，主语the actual distance是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。]
7.starving [考查非谓语动词。固定搭配prevent sb (from) doing sth表示“防止某人做某事”。]
8.miles [考查名词的数。mile表示“英里”，为可数名词，根据设空处前基数词300可知，需用复数形式。]
9.on/upon [考查介词。短语impact on/upon表示“对……的影响”，设空处缺少介词。]
10.to say [考查非谓语动词。此处为“it is＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，故此处用不定式。]
THANKS
本节内容结束(共32张PPT)
课时测评作业二
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
【小题夯基】
维度一 语境辨义练
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Haze Mabry walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans，wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.
(天津卷改编)_________________
②All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.____________
③The chairman extended a warm welcome to the guest speaker.____________
vt.擦，用拖把拖
vt.称赞
vt.提供；给予
2.选出channel的汉语意思
A.n.航道 B.n.海峡 C.n.电视频道 D.n.途径，渠道
①The English Channel is between France and England.______
②The channel of the sea is marked by buoys (浮标).______
③I like to hop from channel to channel when I watch TV.______
④Complaints must be made through the proper channels.______
B
A
C
D
维度二 语境拼写练
1.The following ____________ (故事) will clearly illustrate this point.
2.He bargained with the ____________ (商人) for an hour before he bought the rug.
3.The show has been ____________ (延伸) for another six weeks.
4.Purple is the special color to the ____________ (王室的) family of ancient Rome.
5.Their TV has four satellite ______________ (频道).
6.The newspaper published a ____________ (withdraw) the next day.
tale
merchant
extended
royal
channels
withdrawal
7.Now a special TV network gives live __________ (cover) of most races.
8.My chin trembled with a ____________ (mix)of heartbreak and anger.
9.Yao Ming was a ____________ (profession) basketball player who played for the Houston Rockets.
10.With a history of over 3，000 years，Beijing is not only the national ____________ (politics) center，but also the cultural center.
coverage
mixture
professional
political
维度三 固定用法练
1.The girls competed for it，and their hands extended ____________ into the air.
2.I’ll negotiate ____________ their coach about the date of the match.
3.He was forced to withdraw ____________ the competition due to injury.
4.I don’t like to mix business ____________ pleasure.
5.As soon as she got home，she set ____________ preparing lunch.
6.Our hometown has changed a lot，and now it is quite different from ____________ it used to be a few years ago.
out
with
from
with/and
about
what
7.As ____________ (expect)，he got back in time.
8.We want to fit in，to bond ____________ others，and to earn the respect and approval of our peers.
9.He asked me to tell you the contract is ___________ negotiation.
10.We realize that the bond ____________ members of a chimp family is as strong as that in a human family.
expected
with
under
between
维度四 写作提升练
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
In ancient times human beings 1.____________________________________
______________ (开始探索海洋).2._______________________________________ (现在有现代设备可使用)，we can get more mineral resources under the sea.But too much exploration is harmful and 3.___________________________________
_________________________ (急需保护海洋免遭破坏).So all the countries have been 4.___________________________________________________ (在商讨如何适度开发海洋).After all，5._____________________________________________
(保护海洋是非常重要的) for future generations.
set about exploring the sea/set out to
explore the sea
With modern equipment in hand at present
there is an urgent need to protect the
sea from being destroyed
negotiating about how to exploit the sea moderately
it is quite important/significant to protect the sea
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
After a year at sea，16－year－old Laura Dekker can finally say，“Mission accomplished！” Last month，she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38－foot boat，Guppy.Dekker，who is from the Netherlands，traveled more than 30，000 miles all by herself.She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.
Dekker had wanted to take on this challenge when she was even younger. She first tried to set sail at the age of 13，but a court in the Netherlands stopped her.They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself.But Dekker insisted she had the navigation skills and patience of an adult sailor.
She finally took off on August 21，2010.During her trip，Dekker battled loneliness，storms，and worries about pirates.But she also got to surf and scuba dive，and started a new hobby：playing the flute.Although Dekker didn’t spend all of her time at sea—she stopped at ports along the way—she did spend her 16th birthday on the open ocean.To celebrate，she ate doughnuts for breakfast.
But Dekker didn’t sail into the record books.Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for “youngest” sailors.They dropped the category in 2009 to discourage children from attempting such dangerous feats(壮举).But that didn’t stop Dekker，who was born on a yacht(大游艇) during a seven－year world voyage undertaken by her parents.
Dekker doesn’t mind that she won’t hold an official record.She says it was a personal goal，and she is happy she achieved it.
“I am not disappointed at all that Guinness World Records won’t recognize my attempt，” Dekker wrote on her website.“I did not start on my trip to achieve any record...I did it just for myself.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了16岁的少女Laura Dekker独自完成了一次环球航行的壮举。
1.Dekker wasn’t allowed to sail at the age of 13 because ________.
A.people were concerned about her safety
B.she didn’t learn the sailing skills well
C.she had to continue her study at school
D.she didn’t have enough patience for long trips
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“She first tried to...by herself”可知，人们担心她的安全，所以阻止了她13岁时的冒险。
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2.What does the underlined word “accomplished” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Failed. B.Finished.
C.Continued. D.Started.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“After a year at sea，...the world”可推断，画线词和“finish”意思相近。accomplish“完成”。
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3.In 2009 records for youngest sailors were canceled in order to ________.
A.set a higher sailing standard for teen sailors
B.stop children entering Guinness World Records
C.encourage parents to sail with their children
D.prevent children making dangerous attempts
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“They dropped the category...feats”可知，他们取消这一类别的目的是阻止孩子们冒险。
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4.What could be the best title for this passage
A.A New Guinness World Record in Sailing
B.A New Sailing Standard for Teen Sailors
C.A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Around the World
D.The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World Records
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了16岁的少女Laura Dekker独自环球航行的经历。
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B
“When I was 16 years old，I was diving in Greece，but I was disappointed because I saw more plastic bags than fish.” These are the words of Boyan Slat，an engineer who designed the world’s first ocean plastic cleanup system.
Every year，more than 8 million tons of plastics end up in our oceans，according to the UN Environment Programme.It is predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050.To prevent this from happening，in 2013 Slat created the Ocean Cleanup，an environmental non－governmental organization，and put his plan for an ocean cleanup device into action.
After years of research and development in the Netherlands，a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastics on October 2，2019.The device uses a 600－meter－long C－shaped tube to gather all the floating rubbish.Unlike other cleanup methods，the system floats freely according to the direction of the waves，which allows waste to flow into and stay within the device.A sea anchor is attached to either end.This slows down the system as it floats through the water and allows the faster－moving rubbish，carried by the waves，to flow into its mouth.System 001/B can also collect waste below the surface using a 3－meter－deep skirt(挡板) attached to the end.After being gathered，the trash will be dragged back to shore by boat and recycled.
Right now，the system operates in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch，an area that is 3 times the size of France.Once operational，the Ocean Cleanup expects a full fleet to be able to clear 50% of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in 5 years.
“It remains to be seen whether this dream will become a reality，but it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and repair the damage our waste has caused，” Slat said.“We are starting to see a young generation that gets it and is excited about a sustainable(可持续的) future，but the question still comes down to：Are we going fast enough，and how much damage will have been done before we get there？”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了海洋塑料污染严重，工程师斯莱特设计了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统。人类必须共同努力，减少塑料的使用，并修复由我们的垃圾造成的破坏。
5.The underlined word “match” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A.compare B.equal
C.measure D.cover
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句及match前的“the weight of ocean plastics”及其后的“the weight of all the fish in our oceans”并结合逻辑推理可知，海洋塑料的重量将会与鱼类的重量相等，可推知match在此处意为“相等”。
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6.Why did Boyan Slat create the Ocean Cleanup
A.To collect ocean plastic waste.
B.To help to invent System 001/B.
C.To protect the living environment of fish.
D.To do research on the ocean environment.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is predicted that...created the Ocean Cleanup”可知Slat创立Ocean Cleanup是为了收集海洋塑料垃圾。
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7.What can we know about System 001/B
A.It can collect and recycle garbage at the same time.
B.It can only gather ocean waste which floats on the water.
C.It aims to clear up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years.
D.It is an ocean－cleaning device which has already been put to use.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastics on October 2，2019”可知System 001/B是一种已经投入使用的海洋清洁设备。
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8.What does Slat want to tell us according to the last paragraph
A.Young generations care less about the environment.
B.The future ecology of the oceans is deeply worrying.
C.People should work hard to decrease plastic pollution.
D.It’s quite difficult to repair the damage to the environment.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and repair the damage our waste has caused”可知，Slat想告诉我们，人们应该努力减少塑料污染。
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Ⅱ.七选五
Thousands of years ago，people started building boats to help them explore the watery parts of the world.Boats let people find new hunting grounds and discover new lands.__1__
The earliest boats were probably logs that people sat on as they floated downstream.Later，people made these logs more useful and comfortable by burning and scraping away the insides to make dugout boats and canoes.
__2__ They tied logs together to make rafts.They wove reeds and branches to make tidy little boats that are still used in many parts of the world today.They sewed animal skins together and filled them with air—like a float you might use in a swimming pool.They used paddles，poles，and oars to help steer，or to move upstream.
Boats like the Greek trireme (三列桨船) were big and heavy and hard to steer.__3__ Soon people figured out how to use sails to catch the wind.Early sailboats might only have one or two sails.But more sails meant more power，and fast tall ships could have dozens.People still use sailboats today，for cruising and racing.
When steam engines were invented，boating became easier than ever.__4__ As engines got bigger and better，so did boats.
Over the years，boats have been used for fishing，for fighting，for carrying goods，for fun—even for living on.__5__
A.The world is a watery place.
B.It took hundreds of rowers to move a boat like that.
C.People experimented with different kinds of floating boats.
D.Boats have turned the world’s waterways into highways.
E.Until people learned to build boats，all this water was a barrier.
F.They carry people and goods farther than they’ve ever gone before.
G.Ships with steam engines could sail long distances，even if there was no wind.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了船的产生及其发展过程。
1.F [由上文“Boats let people find new hunting grounds and discover new lands.”可知，船载着人们到了新的地方。F选项“它们把人和货物运送到比以前更远的地方”符合语境。]
2.C [根据后文可知，后文主要列举了人们用许多材料进行造船试验，C选项“人们试验了不同种类的浮舟”符合语境。]
3.B [根据上文“Boats like the Greek trireme(三列桨船) were big and heavy and hard to steer.”可知，上文提到三列桨船又大又重，难以驾驶，故B选项“划那样一艘船需要几百名桨手”承接上文，说明了结果，符合语境。]
4.G [根据上文“When steam engines were invented，boating became easier than ever.”以及后文“As engines got bigger and better，so did boats.”可知，本段主要说明蒸汽机的发明对船的影响，G选项中steam engines对应上文中steam engines。]
5.D [根据上文“Over the years，boats have been used for fishing，for fighting，for carrying goods，for fun—even for living on.”可知，本句是对全文的总结，D选项“船已经把世界上的水道变成了高速公路”是对文章的概括和总结，符合语境。]
THANKS
本节内容结束(共24张PPT)
单元知识精练
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.From Buddhist temples to museums，narrow hutong to ____________ (皇家的) palaces，it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout.(2023·全国乙卷)
2.You know，we are really starting to __________ (增强信任关系).It’s great to see how we grow each day as a team.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.____________ (与此同时)，all the audience were touched by his perseverance deeply and applauded warmly.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
royal
bond
Meanwhile
4.Police ____________ (逮捕；拘留) five young men in connection with one of the attacks months ago.
5.The latest news revealed that the general __________ (撤退) as soon as the crisis ended.
6.You can get what you want by legal __________ (渠道) instead of violence.
7.A woman happened to behold the ____________ (谋杀) and she reported the violent matter to the police immediately.
8.I believe that he has the capacity to win a gold medal in the ____________ (锦标赛).
arrested
withdrew
channels
murder
tournament
9.The old man said that he ____________ (看见) the grand landing of an alien aircraft with his own eyes.
10.Their so－called grand ____________ (舰队) were completely destroyed in the war.
11.The merchant sold painkillers which come in tablets and ____________ (胶囊).
12.What is being done to stop employers from ____________ (剥削)young people
beheld
fleets
capsules
exploiting
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.To begin with，it couldn’t be better if students with ____________ (mix)levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random.
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
2.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young ____________ (profession)on a weekend hike in the park.
(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
3.I removed the sticky spider－webs that ________ (cover)her head and wings.
(2023·浙江1月卷)
mixed
professional
covered
4.The audience stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of ____________(applaud) at the end.
5.The two parties have agreed on a further ____________ (negotiate) about how to solve the political problem.
6.I was about ____________ (withdraw) my hand when I met Ms.Haist’s encouraging eyes.
7.As ____________(mention)，the harder you work，the more successful you will be!
applause
negotiation
to withdraw
mentioned
8.All in all，Beijing ____________(possess) a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture over 5，000 years.(2021·天津3月卷)
9.He doesn’t have the freedom to choose what he likes，so I have mercy ____________ him.
10.Those documents are now in ____________ possession of the Washington Post.
11.____________(extend) research indicates that the foundation of the company is a great hit.
12.There is an urgent need ____________(get) a valid license before you set off.
possesses
on/upon
the
Extensive
to get
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.__________________________________________________________________.Otherwise there would be some health problems.
保持教室干净对我们来说是很重要的，否则会有一些健康问题。
2.________________________，I grew increasingly interested in science fiction.
随着时间的推移，我对科幻小说越来越感兴趣。
3.___________________________________ benefits us physically and mentally.
参加课外活动使我们身心受益。
To keep the classroom clean is important for us
With time going by
Taking part in after－class activities
4.______________________________，he knows little about traditional Chinese customs.
由于他来自美国，他对中国传统习俗知之甚少。
5.He was so _________________________________________，unable to contain his inner thrill.
他激动得又跳又蹦，无法控制内心的兴奋。
6.The following day，I returned her call but couldn’t catch __________________.
第二天，我给她回了电话，但是不理解她说的话。
As he is from America
excited that he danced and jumped
what she was saying
7.We need to understand ______________________________________ so that
_______________________________________________.
我们需要了解我们的海洋发生了什么，这样我们可以保护海洋免受破坏。
8.Internet addiction is terribly bad，_____________________________________，
and has been fought against by their parents.
网络成瘾很严重，使许多青少年不努力学习，已经被他们的父母抵制了。
what is happening to our oceans
we can protect oceans from being destroyed
causing many teenagers not to study hard
Ⅳ.根据所学语法补全句子
1.____________________________________ is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
2.________________________________________________，many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
为了享受数字支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能手机。
3.________________________________ is the question.
如何使用计算机是个问题。
The ability to express an idea
To enjoy the convenience of digital payment
How to use the computer
4.It is interesting ________________________________________.
冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
5.It is friendly of the family __________________________________.
这家人对我很友好，使我感到宾至如归。
6.The purpose of education is ________________________________________.
教育的目的是培养孩子良好的个性。
to play with snow in winter
to make me feel at home
to develop a fine personality in children
7.He is always ______________________ at the school and ___________________ the school.
他总是第一个(人)到校，最后一个(人)离校。
8.Tom took a taxi to the airport，______________________________________.
汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
the first to come
the last to leave
only to find his plane high up in the sky
Ⅴ.完形填空
At the age of 41, I finally got to live my childhood dream.I got to spend an entire __1__ alone at an airport.I was __2__ by mere minutes.The next plane wouldn’t be __3__ until early the next morning.I took advantage of my “extra vacation time” and made my own __4__.
First, I passed through the rotunda (圆形大厅)，which I had __5__ through many times before without ever truly looking at it.Then, I found a fashion __6__ made by students and took my time appreciating their __7__ and hard work.
Late, I was __8__ by a full－size copy of a large brontosaurus (雷龙).You wonder what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about before it __9__ and how it might have felt about living in an airport.You wonder what the __10__ might look like in the future.I waved to all the security cameras, hoping that there was someone __11__ on the other side, having a good laugh.
I __12__ my airport adventure that night.I thought little of the posts when my flight took off.By the time my plane __13__， they were going viral.As a writer, I would have __14__ this to make me happy.But I began to feel a deep sadness.Has everyone grown entirely __15__ to the beauty all around us
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因错过航班而独自待在机场过夜的一次经历。作者把这个晚上当作一次冒险经历，并在此期间发现了之前从未发现的美。
1.A.weekend B.night C.day D.decade
解析 根据下文的“The next plane...the next morning.”和语境可知，作者在机场过夜了。下文中的“adventure that night”亦是提示。
2.A.disappointed B.amused C.early D.late
解析 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者迟到了几分钟，错过了航班。
3.A.arriving B.missing C.delaying D.waiting
解析 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指下一班飞机第二天一大早才到达。
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4.A.attempt B.decision C.adventure D.journey
解析 根据语境尤其是下文的“I ________ my airport adventure that night”可知，作者把这次因错过航班而独自待在机场的这个晚上当作一次冒险经历。
5.A.wandered B.cycled C.rushed D.struggled
解析 根据语境和下文的“without ever truly looking at it”可知，以前，作者经过圆形大厅时都是匆匆而过。
6.A.trend B.display C.collection D.decoration
解析 根据语境可知，此处是指机场大厅里有学生制作的时尚展览。
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7.A.generosity B.distribution C.admiration D.talent
解析 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者花时间欣赏学生制作的时尚展览，这些展览展示的是他们的才华和努力。
8.A.greeted B.provided C.troubled D.served
解析 本题考查熟词生义。根据下文的“a full－size copy of a large brontosaurus (雷龙)”可知，作者在机场闲逛，随之映入作者眼帘的是一个雷龙的复制品。greet 的常见义为“打招乎”，此处意为“映入……的眼帘”。
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9.A.accumulated B.vanished C.died D.appeared
解析 根据上文的“what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about”和常识可知，作者见到雷龙复制品后产生了无限遐想。他想你会好奇雷龙在死亡之前会想什么。
10.A.brontosaurus B.airport C.human D.world
解析 根据上文的“You wonder what...living in an airport”可知，此处表示你想知道未来世界是什么样子。
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11.A.watching B.trembling C.investigating D.blessing
解析 根据上文的“the security cameras”可知，此处是指希望监控录像机外有人在观看。
12.A.demonstrated B.copied C.posted D.appreciated
解析 根据下文的“I thought little of the posts when my flight took off.”可知，作者把那晚在机场的经历发布了出去。
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13.A.gave off B.touched down C.picked up D.broke through
解析 根据上文的“when my flight took off”可推知，此处是指在作者的飞机着陆之前，它们在网络上迅速传播。touch down“着陆”。
14.A.preferred B.inspired C.recommended D.expected
解析 根据语境和空后一句可知，作者作为写这些帖子的人原本期待这能让他快乐。
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15.A.blind B.accustomed C.addicted D.related
解析 本题考查熟词生义。根据上文的“I began to feel a deep sadness”和作者此次的经历可知，作者在感叹人们对周围的美视而不见。blind的基本义为“瞎的，失明的”，此处意为“视而不见的；没有觉察到的”。
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THANKS
本节内容结束(共29张PPT)
课时测评作业一
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A ship that sank off the coast of California decades ago was recently reconstructed in detail.The 3D digital model even included hundreds of sponges(海绵动物) that have gathered on the ship’s surface since it sank.
Named American Heritage，the supply ship sank in Santa Monica Bay on May 4，1995，and for decades its exact location was unknown.Researchers with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) spotted a strange shape in that area in 2008.But it wasn’t until May 2018 that MBARI scientists identified its exact location and mapped the site in detail，showing what appeared to be a shipwreck(失事船只).
Even then，the identity of the shipwreck was uncertain.Yet another MBARI team revisited the location to do further exploration.They sent remotely operated vehicles(ROVs) and took photos of the damaged ship.Though it was covered with deep－sea sponges and other animals，the scientists were able to spot letters spelling out its name，confirming that the shipwreck was American Heritage.
As one of the MBARI scientists who found American Heritage，chief ROV pilot Knute Brekke had worked on the ship before.And he was on duty with the diving company American Pacific Marine—the owner of American Heritage—the night the ship began taking in water and eventually sank.
MBARI spokesperson Kim Fulton－Bennett said to Live Science about the discovery，“The model is not complete，as floating ropes and poor visibility kept the pilots from getting too close to the wreck.But the 3D reconstruction is detailed enough to show that American Heritage is now home to thousands of sponges.Shipwrecks often turn into the shelter for diverse communities of ocean life.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲了几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近进行了详细的修复。
1.What is the main idea of the text
A.A valuable treasure was discovered.
B.Special sponges were found under sea.
C.3D model reconstructed a sunken ship.
D.A sunken ship was gotten out of water.
解析 文章大意题。第一段内容是全文的主题，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了三维模型重建沉船。
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2.Which is the right order of the following events
①Something strange was found in the area.
②ROVs were sent under sea to take photos.
③A ship sank in Santa Monica Bay.
④The identity of the ship was confirmed.
⑤Scientists tried to locate the shipwreck.
A.②③⑤④① B.③①⑤②④ C.⑤③①④② D.④③①②⑤
解析 事件排序题。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知,事件发生的正确顺序是:一艘船在圣塔莫尼卡湾沉没→在这个地区发现了一些奇怪的东西→科学家们试图确定失事船只的位置→ROVs被派到水下拍照→这艘船的身份得到确认。
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3.What’s Kim Fulton－Bennett’s attitude towards the 3D model
A.Critical. B.Doubtful.
C.Amazed. D.Objective.
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段Kim Fulton－Bennett说的话可推断出，Kim Fulton－Bennett对3D模型的态度是客观的。
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B
With roaring ships，hammering oil drill，industrial fishing and coastal construction，humans have strongly influenced the underwater soundscape (声音景观) over the past couple of hundred years—in some cases posting a threat to whales，dolphins and other ocean creatures.Until recently，underwater sound pollution had not attracted the same attention.Now，a new paper published in the journal Science lays out the impacts，demonstrating that noise pollution can be just as harmful to the ocean environment as other kinds of pollution.
Even the cracking of glaciers and any drop of rain falling on the water’s surface can be heard deep under the sea.Sea life uses sound to study their habitat，and to keep in communication with each other.They also use sound by listening to know something about their environment.
“It’s a long－lasting problem that certainly weakens the animals all the way from individuals to populations，” says lead author Carlos M.Duarte，a distinguished professor at Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)，“We are hoping that this report will not only reveal elements of how humans impact the ocean through sound pollution，but that it will also bring the topic to the attention of policymakers who will be able to act based upon the very real solutions.”
Marine (海洋的) ecologist Kirsten Thompson of the United Kingdom’s University of Exeter，who was not involved in the study，said the report could not have come at a better time.“It summarizes the fact that we are in this new phase of human－caused noise in our oceans that is having a dramatic impact on different species.” What matters most，she notes，is the fact that the paper “doesn’t just point at the problem，it shows how to solve it.”
Unlike plastic pollution or fertilizer runoff，noise pollution will not take years to fix.The moment we switch our noise off the impact disappears，Duarte says，pointing to marine life surveys conducted around April 5，2020.Having the world use more renewable energy would lessen the need to drill for oil and gas.The international team of researchers also called for a global regulatory framework for measuring and managing ocean noise.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了噪音污染对海洋环境的危害。
4.Which of the following threatens ocean creatures
A.Travel industry.
B.Human activities.
C.Construction companies.
D.Sailing off the coast.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，人类活动制造的噪音严重威胁着海洋生物。
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5.Why noise pollution is harmful to the ocean environment
A.Ocean animals can’t fall asleep.
B.It causes the cracking of glaciers.
C.It’s a signal to the lower sea level.
D.It disrupts the behavior of sea life.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sea life uses sound...about their environment.”可知，海洋噪音污染会扰乱海洋生物的行为，从而对海洋环境带来危害。
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6.What can we learn from Kirsten Thompson
A.She is one of the paper’s co－authors.
B.The report does not come at the right time.
C.The solutions are already available.
D.The report has raised great attention from seamen.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Kirsten Thompson认为研究已经找到了可行的解决办法。
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7.What is needed to reduce the underwater noise
A.Technical advances and regulation.
B.A policy to measure the depth of ocean.
C.A global ban on drilling for oil and gas.
D.Noise standards for cars and trucks.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，科技的进步和有效的监管是减少海洋噪音的有效方法。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
My childhood airport experience has become a teaching tool for my son.
When I was 8 years old，I found myself __1__ in one of the busiest international airports in the United States.You can imagine how I felt.
It was 1979.I needed to __2__ from Bismarck，ND to Burlington，VT.However，no family member could go with me，so my parents __3__ it would be safe for a 19－year－old family friend，Mary，to do so.
When we arrived for our layover (转机) at Chicago Airport，we were told the connecting flight was __4__.To my great __5__，Mary bought herself a ticket back home.I was left at the airport，helpless，__6__ a woman came over.She could __7__ something was not right and asked me __8__ where I was going.After getting permission from me to take over，she __9__ my mother.Immediately，I felt a sense of __10__.On the phone，she convinced (使信服) my mum that she would drop me off at Burlington.I still remember what she said to me—“If you __11__ me，I will take care of you.”
The kindness of the stranger has left a lifelong impact on me.The __12__ I am，the more I am thinking about her.Something that maybe didn’t feel __13__ to her just completely redirected my life.I just __14__ it more than words can really express.I want my son to know that people can __15__ to be beautiful and helpful.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时独自在机场不知所措的时候偶遇心地善良的女人，把他送到想要去的伯灵顿的事情。
1.A.attractive B.curious C.excited D.alone
解析 句意：当我8岁的时候，我发现自己一个人在美国最繁忙的国际机场之一。结合后文“However，no family member could go with me...to do so.”和“To my great ________，Mary bought herself a ticket back home.”可知Mary留下我自己在机场。
2.A.walk B.sail C.fly D.return
解析 句意：那是1979年。我需要从北达科他州俾斯麦飞到佛蒙特州伯灵顿。结合前文“in one of the busiest international airports in the United States”可知我要从北达科他州俾斯麦飞到佛蒙特州伯灵顿。
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3.A.decided B.proved C.debated D.bet
解析 句意：然而，没有家人可以和我一起去，所以我的父母决定，由一个19岁的家庭朋友玛丽送我是安全的。结合前文“However，no family member could go with me，so my parents”可推断我的父母决定让19岁的Mary送我。
4.A.confirmed B.arranged C.paid D.canceled
解析 句意：当我们抵达芝加哥机场转机时，我们被告知中转航班被取消了。结合前文“When we arrived for our layover (转机) at Chicago Airport”和后文“Mary bought herself a ticket back home.”可推断我们被告知中转航班被取消了。
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5.A.comfort B.relief C.credit D.shock
解析 句意：令我大为震惊的是，玛丽给自己买了一张回家的票。结合本句中“Mary bought herself a ticket back home.”可知负责送我的Mary买了一张回家的票，这件事应该是让我震惊的。To my great shock意为“令我大为震惊的是”。
6.A.because B.after C.until D.whenever
解析 句意：我无助地被留在机场，直到一个女人走过来。结合后文这个女人询问，并且决定帮助我，和“I was left at the airport，helpless”可知我无助地被留在机场，直到一个女人走过来。
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7.A.tell B.imagine C.stress D.remind
解析 句意：她可以看出我有什么不对，然后温柔地问我要去哪里。结合本句中的“something was not right and asked me”可知她可以看出我有什么不对，用tell表示“识别，看出来”符合题意。
8.A.confidently B.gently C.frankly D.jokingly
解析 结合后文描述这个女人提出帮助我，给妈妈打电话等举动，推断她应该是温柔地问我要去哪里。
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9.A.emailed B.visited C.called D.found
解析 句意：在得到接管我的许可后，她给我妈妈打了电话。结合后文的“On the phone”可知，她给我妈妈打了电话。
10.A.safety B.direction C.humour D.time
解析 句意：立刻，我感到一种安全感。结合“After getting permission from me to take over”和后文“On the phone，she convinced (使信服) my mum that she would drop me off at Burlington.”可知我立刻感觉到安全感。
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11.A.promise B.trust C.love D.recommend
解析 句意：我还记得她对我说的话——“如果你信任我，我会照顾你的。”结合前文这个女人跟妈妈打电话的情况，和“I will take care of you.”可知，如果我信任她，她就会照顾我。
12.A.safer B.stronger C.smarter D.older
解析 句意：我年纪越大，就越想起她。结合前文“The kindness of the stranger has left a lifelong impact on me.”和“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，推断这里表示我年纪越大，就越想起她。
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13.A.false B.necessary C.huge D.dangerous
解析 句意：一些她可能感觉不大的事情完全改变了我的生活。结合本句中的“just completely redirected my life”可以推断对女人来说不大的事情完全改变了我的生活。
14.A.appreciate B.remember C.praise D.believe
解析 句意：我只是感激它超过了文字所能表达的。结合本句中“more than words can really express”和上文提到这个女人的帮助对我产生了终生的影响，可知我感激它超过了文字所能表达的。
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15.A.afford B.choose C.unite D.rush
解析 句意：我想让我儿子知道，人们可以选择美丽和乐于助人。结合文章中这个女人在我最无助的时候选择帮助我，对我产生终生的影响，推断我想让我儿子知道，人们可以选择美丽和乐于助人。
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THANKS
本节内容结束(共32张PPT)
课时测评作业四
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
【小题夯基】
维度一 语境拼写练
1.He knocked his ____________ (对手) down three times in the first round.
2.I went to college.____________ (与此同时)，all my friends got well－paid jobs.
3.He ____________ (利用) his father’s name to get himself a job.
4.They float the ____________ (原木) down the river to the towns.
5.____________ (海洋的) life has been found in depths previously thought to be devoid of any signs of life.
opponent
Meanwhile
exploited
logs
Marine
6.What would they think if they knew that they were associating with a ____________ (murder)
7.His recent research deals with ____________ (migrate) and violence.
8.About six thousand people got ____________ (arrest)，several hundred of whom have since been released.
9.The company that Tom is in ____________ (possess) of was once in the possession of his uncle.
10.He will be generous and ____________ (mercy) to those who are weaker than himself.
murderer
migration
arrested
possession
merciful
维度二 固定用法练
1.It is said that this building is in ____________ possession of a young man.
2.The man was __________ arrest for stealing some things from the supermarket.
3.He encouraged his son to make friends with those around him in order ____________ he could adapt himself to the new surroundings easily.
4.He raised his voice ____________ (make) himself heard.
5.Secondly，setting aside some time for my hobbies ____________ (be) of equal importance.
the
under
that
to make
is
6.Having lost the engine’s power，the boat was now ____________ the mercy of the wind.
7.It is no use ____________ (tell) him not to worry.
8.____________ (Mary) winning the competition was a great encouragement to us.
at
telling
Mary’s
维度三 写作提升练
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
As the population of the world increases，it is becoming increasingly necessary 1._________________________________________ (开发海洋).The sea
2.______________________________________________________ (拥有各种各样的物种)，which can provide us with food or energy.However，many fishermen 3._______________________________________________________ (无情地捕捞了如此多的海洋动物) that they are in danger of dying out.
to exploit the sea
possesses/is in possession of various species
have caught so many marine creatures without mercy
Consequently，those who are involved in overfishing should 4._____________________________________________________ (被惩罚或逮捕). 5.___________________________________________________________________ (将海洋探索和环境保护结合起来)is a wonderful solution.
get punished or arrested
Combining sea exploration and environmental protection
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
For centuries，humans have explored the Earth’s mountains，jungles and deserts.But despite covering over 70% of the Earth’s surface，the ocean is still relatively a mystery.In fact，we know more about the surface of the Mars than the sea floor.However，getting a fuller picture of the ocean will enable us to pilot ships more safely，create more accurate climate models，build offshore wind farms and protect ocean species—all part of what’s known as the “blue economy”.
Underwater robotic vehicles equipped with sensors are helping gather that data more quickly and more cheaply than ever before.But many of these vehicles rely on batteries with a limited lifespan，and need to return to a boat or the shore to recharge，making it difficult for them to map remoter parts of the sea.
A company called Seatrec is rising to the challenge，founded by oceanographer Yi Chao.While working at NASA，he found a way to power ocean robots by making use of the naturally occurring temperature disparity of the sea.As the robot moves between colder and warmer parts of the ocean，the material inside the power module either becomes solid or melts，causing pressure that in turn creates energy and powers the robot’s generator.“The ocean robots can get charged by the sea，so they can extend their lifetime almost indefinitely，” Chao said.
The power module can be placed in existing data－gathering robots.The robot dives a kilometer down to examine the chemistry and the shape of the seabed，using sonar to create a map of the surrounding area.Then the robot returns to the surface to send back its findings via satellite.
The technology can extend the reach of data－gathering devices，according to Jamie McMichael－Phillips，director of The Nippon Foundation－GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project.“One of the huge challenges we have is simply physics：unlike mapping the Earth’s surface where we can use cameras or satellites，at sea，the light can’t go through the water column.So we’re much limited to using sonar systems.Therefore，this technology can help deal with the problem well，” said Jamie.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种利用海洋温差为海洋机器人的电源模块提供动力的方法以及它的工作原理和它所带来的突破。
1.What does paragraph 1 tell us about ocean exploration
A.It is challenging but significant.
B.It may do harm to ocean creatures.
C.It can be as difficult as space exploration.
D.It mainly focuses on mapping the seabed.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中第二至四句可知，海洋探索具有挑战性，但意义重大。
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2.What’s the barrier to preventing underwater robotic vehicles’ working successfully
A.They fail to gather data rapidly.
B.They lack the stable power supply.
C.They only map shallow waters.
D.They work poorly with advanced sensors.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中第二句可知，阻碍水下机器人成功工作的障碍是缺乏稳定的电力供应。
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3.What does the underlined word“disparity” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Control. B.Restriction.
C.Difference. D.Range.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文提到当机器人在海洋较冷和较热的部分之间移动时，电源模块内部的材料会在固态和液态间转换，产生的压力会转化为电能，这是一种利用海洋自然温差为海洋机器人提供动力的方法。由此推知，画线词disparity意思是“差异”，与difference意思相近。
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4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Aims of the Ocean Robots
B.The Prospects of Data－gathering Robots
C.The “Blue Economy” Project of Seatrec
D.New Power Modules for Ocean Robots
解析 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了海洋学家Yi Chao开发了一种利用海洋自然温差为海洋机器人的电源模块提供动力的方法并介绍了这种方法的工作原理以及人们对此技术的看法。由此可知，D选项(海洋机器人的新电源模块)最适合作文章标题。
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Ⅱ.七选五
By the end of the 15th century many things were changing in Europe.The population started to grow more quickly and a new class of merchants came up.They wanted to buy and sell expensive and valuable products from Asia，like gold，jewels and silk.In those days，people had no refrigerators to preserve their food.__1__ To make food taste better they used spices，like pepper.
__2__ But in the 15th century the overland passageways were being controlled by the Turkish Empire，which made it even more difficult for European merchants to pass through.As a result，some European countries，like Spain and Portugal，decided to find out if there was a sea passageway to India.
At the end of the 15th century the Portuguese started to explore the west coast of Africa.__3__ In 1487，the Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias sailed around the southern part of the continent and got as far as the east coast of Africa，but a storm made him turn back.__4__ The Portuguese named it the Cape of Good Hope because they were hopeful of finding a passageway to India.In 1497，Vasco da Gama set out from Lisbon，sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and into the Indian Ocean.__5__ He took some spices and gold back with him to prove that he had reached India.
A.He reached the west coast of India the next year.
B.They dried meat and used salt to make it last longer.
C.They set up trading posts and collected gold and silver.
D.On his return voyage，he saw a piece of land stretching out into the sea.
E.For centuries Europeans brought these goods on a land passageway from Asia.
F.They were convinced that by sailing around it they would find a passageway to India.
G.With the help of advanced ships and instruments，they started the Age of Exploration.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲人为了开辟到亚洲的海上通道而进行的海上航行。
1.B [空格前一句谈到在过去，人们没有冰箱储存食物，因此，本句承接上一句的内容，为了让食物(肉)保存久一点，人们就将肉风干或用盐将肉腌制起来。]
2.E [第一段谈到欧洲人需要商品如黄金、珠宝、丝绸以及香料，商人就从亚洲通过陆路运到欧洲；空格后一句用But转折，谈到陆路逐渐被土耳其帝国控制，导致走陆路非常困难了。因此，本句要起承上启下的作用，E项符合语境。]
3.F [本段第一句谈到在15世纪末，葡萄牙人开始探索非洲西海岸。设空处解释他们为什么要探索这条海上航线，因为他们相信通过这条线，他们能够找到到达印度的海上通道。]
4.D [空格前一句谈到Bartolomeu Dias 已经航行到了非洲东海岸，但是他遇到了海上风暴，本句承接上文，在他回航的时候，他看见了一块突出在海上的陆地。D项中的“return”与空格前一句中的“made him turn back”相呼应。]
5.A [空格前一句谈到在1497年，航海家Vasco da Gama绕过好望角到达了印度洋，只有A项能承接这个句子的意义。A项中的“the next year”与空格前一句中的“In 1497”存在先后关系。]
Ⅲ.完形填空
From the time I was seven，I had a dream of becoming a member of the Students’ Union.I always __1__ my school leaders for taking responsibility for all of us.So I dreamed of being a leader.Years flew by，and soon I was able to participate in the elections，__2__ I would win.But the reality struck that I hadn’t had a chance.Girls across the school __3__ knew me.I just did not have what it __4__ to win a school election.As I cried in my room that evening，I suddenly took a deep __5__ and decided I wouldn’t stop dreaming.
What were the points that would work in my favor I had good grades，and I was friendly and helpful.I would not allow my plain appearance to __6__ me back from putting my best foot forward.That evening，I began my election __7__ a whole year in advance.
I loved making friends and I liked being helpful，so I decided that perhaps I could use these __8__ to work to my advantage.In order to learn how to __9__ a great election speech，I also __10__ a course on effective public speaking.
The day after the election，when the principal __11__ I won the second highest number of votes，the students __12__.Suddenly，I realized that I had __13__ much more than I had dreamed of.I had won acceptance and love of my schoolmates and they knew me as somebody who would __14__ them.I was able to put a smile on their faces and __15__ their day.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者为了实现进入学生会的梦想所做的努力，并最终赢得了选举，顺利地进入了学生会，在实现了儿时梦想的同时也有了很大收获。
1.A.admired B.remembered C.praised D.believed
解析 根据“So I dreamed of being a leader”可知，作者总是钦佩学校的领导们对所有人负责。
2.A.planning B.praying C.considering D.judging
解析 根据空前“I was able to participate in the elections”可知，因为作者能参加选举了，所以作者祈祷自己能获胜。
3.A.almost B.gradually C.hardly D.neither
解析 根据前一句“But the reality struck that I hadn’t had a chance.”可知，作者几乎没有机会获胜，因为全校女生几乎都不认识作者。
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4.A.took B.educated C.provided D.meant
解析 因为学校几乎没有女孩子认识作者，所以作者不具备赢得学校选举的能力。
5.A.sigh B.surprise C.confusion D.breath
解析 根据“and decided I wouldn’t stop dreaming”可知，作者深吸一口气，决定不放弃。take a deep breath深呼吸，固定短语。
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6.A.put B.leave C.hold D.fight
解析 根据“That evening，I began my election ________ a whole year in advance.”可知，作者不允许自己平淡无奇的外表阻碍自己向前迈进。hold sb back from doing sth阻止某人做某事，固定搭配。
7.A.class B.chance C.dreams D.plans
解析 前一句说到，作者不允许自己平淡无奇的外表阻碍自己向前迈进，所以，此处表示作者开始制订自己的选举计划。
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8.A.people B.qualities C.ways D.attitudes
解析 根据前文“I loved making friends and I liked being helpful”可知，作者想利用这些好品质来发挥自身优势。
9.A.reach B.present C.show D.repeat
解析 根据空后“a great election speech”可知，发表演讲需用动词present。
10.A.attended B.prepared C.reminded D.referred
解析 根据空后“a course”可知，上课，需用动词attended。
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11.A.discussed B.pretended C.announced D.promised
解析 根据空后“I won the second highest number of votes”可知，此处表示宣布选举结果，需用动词announced。
12.A.nodded B.cheered C.gathered D.waited
解析 因为作者以第二高的票数获胜，所以学生们欢呼了起来。
13.A.achieved B.celebrated C.devoted D.developed
解析 实现梦想需用动词achieved。
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14.A.rely on B.take in C.look for D.stand by
解析 根据后文“I was able to put a smile on their faces”可知，此处表示作者会支持自己的同学们。
15.A.brighten B.bless C.expand D.enrich
解析 前文说作者可以使同学们脸上带着微笑，所以，此处表示作者会让他们的一天更美好。
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THANKS
本节内容结束
