外研版（2019）选择性必修四 Unit1 Looking forwards Developing ideas 课件（共59张PPT，内镶嵌3视频）

(共59张PPT)
Unit 1
Looking
forwards
Developing ideas
BY MICHELLE
Reading
01
Lead in
How do you know about him
ROBERT FROST
Read the short introduction to Robert Frost and answer the questions.
Robert Frost (1874-1963) was one of America’s most famous
poets. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times and was
awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his works. His
poetry has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the
rural areas of New England where Frost lived most of his life, and for his colloquial approach to American language. His poetry generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember. He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes. Among Frost’s best-known poems are The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
Pre-reading
What are the special features of Frost’s poetry
1
It has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the rural areas of New England.
2
It has been praised for his colloquial approach to American language.
3
It generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember.
4
He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
Have you read any poems written by Robert Frost Share one with the class.
The Pasture
I’m going out to clean the pasture spring;
I’ll only stop to rake the leaves away
(And wait to watch the water clear, I may),
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
I’m going out to fetch the little calf
That’s standing by the mother. It’s so young
It totters when she licks it with her tongue.
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
Read the passage and find out what it is about.
The Road Not Taken
Read the passage quickly and divide it into several parts.
While-reading
Part 1
Part 2
The passage is divided into two parts:
Part 1: the poem The Road Not Taken written by Robert Frost.
Part 2: the introduction, explanation or interpretation of the poem.
Part 1
Enjoy the poem and try to understand the meaning of it.
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
The Road Not Taken
黄色的树林里分出两条路，
可惜我不能同时去涉足，
我在那路口久久伫立，
我向着一条路极目望去，
直到它消失在丛林深处。
但我却选择了另外一条路
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂
显得更诱人，更美丽
虽然在这条小路上
很少留下旅人的足迹
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sign
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood,and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
The Road Not Taken
那天清晨落叶满地
两条路都未经脚印污染
呵，留下一条路等改日再见
但我知道路径延绵无尽头
恐怕我难以再回返
也许多年后在某个地方
我将轻声叹息将往事回顾：
一片树林里分出两条路——
而我选择了人迹更少的一条，
从此决定了我一生的道路。
What are the rhyming words in this poem
What effect do they have
wood, stood, could; both, undergrowth;
fair, wear, there; claim, same; lay, day, way;
black, back;sigh, I, by; hence, difference.
Rhyming words may make it easier to read and recite the poem, because they make the rhythm of the poem fairly obvious.
Part 2
The popularity of the poem
The appreciation and interpretation of the poem
How should we face our future
Para.
Para.
Para.
It has in fact become one of ______________________________ of all time.
Life __________________________________________.
Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, ____________________.
Instead of looking back with regret, we should be ________________________________________, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
the most famous American poems
throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis
there is no going back
facing our future with energy and optimism
1
2-4
5
The Road Not Taken has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
Why is the poem so popular
The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
The interlude(插曲) of the popular TV series《 何以笙箫默》is also “The road not taken”.
Symbolism is the use of an object to represent an abstract idea. For example, the rose could represent love and affection, and the rainbow could symbolise hope. It allows the poet to express a certain mood or emotion in a more subtle way, as opposed to stating it directly.
love and affection
hope
Can you find more examples in this poem
Symbols of the poem
Paths in the wood
How our lives progress and change.
The choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make .
“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, and sorry I could not travel both.”
The greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice result in doing the right thing.
symbolize
What should I wear today
Which college should I choose？
What job should I do after graduation
Why do you think the writer looks back on his decision “with a sigh”
Because whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. And he was wondering whether he had made the right decision.
In author’s view, the poet regret taking the “less travelled” road. True or false, why
In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future“ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
What does the author think of the choice we make according to the passage
A It is necessary for us to doubt the choice we have already made.
B All we can do after making a choice is look forward without regret.
C We can go back though we have make a choice in all circumstances.
D All the choices we made can lead to a specific consequence.
Summary of the poem
A traveler in the wood comes to a fork in the road and he feels sorry for 1____________________________. After close observation, he decides to choose the one which 2___________________________, though 3_____________________________________________________. He tells himself that 4______________________ some day, but he doubts 5________________________ . He imagines that, many years in the future, he will tell this story with a sigh, saying that his choice has 6_____________________________.
being unable to take both roads
is grassy and wants wear
the passing there has worn the two roads really about the same
he will take the other road
if he should ever come back
made all the difference
Complete the table with information from the passage.
Appreciation and interpretation
It is one of the most famous American poems of all time.
The diverged roads in the poem symbolise
7 .
Once we have taken a road, we might wonder
8 . Instead of looking back with
regret, we should 9 _____ __
____ ____.
how our lives progress and change
whether we made the right choice
be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours only
Post-reading
Why do you think the writer looks back on his decision “with a sigh”
What are the rhyming words in this poem What effect do they have
What is the most difficult choice you have ever had to make What did you choose to do
What effect will the poem have on you when you face decisions in the future Give your reasons.
In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit improve your understanding of the choices you make and how they impact your future
Once I had to make a difficult decision between lying to my mother to avoid being punished and telling the truth.
I chose to tell the truth because I’d like to be an honest person.
From the poem I know, whatever decisions I have made, I should make the most of the decision and be optimistic about the future rather than look back with regret.
The first reading passage tells us that there are various possibilities for future development. And the second reading passage encourages us to face our future with energy and optimism instead of regret.
Summary
Different road will lead us to see different scenery, before you choose which road to take, think it carefully, then choose it bravely.
After you have chosen the road, just do your best to walk your road and enjoy the scenery on the road.
Read another interpretation of the poem and prepare a report comparing it with the one in the passage.
Discuss the two interpretations from the following aspects. Do further research if necessary.
What points do the two interpretations share
What are the major differences between the two interpretations
Which interpretation seems more convincing to you Why
Can you think of yet another interpretation of the poem
What points do the two interpretations share
The two interpretations share the following points: the poem The Road Not Taken is one of America’s most famous or best-loved poems, and it is about choice.
What are the major differences between the two interpretations
The major differences between the two interpretations are: the one in the passage interprets the poem as a call for facing the future without regret, while the second interpretation (Robert’s) maintains that the poem is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future, when it is too late to change them.
Prepare your report, including your understanding of the poem.
Share your report with the class.
It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time,not only because of its natural style,but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature. 事实上,它已经成为有史以来最著名的美国诗歌之一,不仅因为它的自然风格,而且因为它对人性深思熟虑的洞察力。
【句式剖析】not only...but also....意为“不仅……而且……”,连接两个because of 短语, 在句中作原因状语。
【句式拓展】
(1)not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者,其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)not only...but also...若连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语的单复数通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
(3)not only...but also...若连接两个句子,且not only 位于句首时,not only 后面的句子要用部分倒装。
She spoke not only Swedish but also English and French.
她不仅讲瑞典语,还讲英语和法语。
Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.
不仅是我,简和玛丽也都讨厌参加一个接一个的考试。
Not only does she attach importance to reading,but also she spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.
她不仅重视阅读,而且每天抽出至少20分钟来阅读。
【迁移应用】
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Not only Tom but also his classmates　　　　　 (be) coming to visit the museum tomorrow.
(2)The exhibition not only shows paper-cutting in different regions,but also
　　　　　 (present) to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
句式升级
(3)I am not only interested in photography,but I take an amateur course at university to update my skills.
→　　　　　　　　　I interested in photography,but I take an amateur course at university to update my skills.
are
presents
Not only am
When reading The Road Not Taken,one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. 当阅读《未选择的路》时,人们不禁会在脑海中浮现出乡村深处宁静树林的画面。
【句式剖析】When reading...是省略句,省略了从句的主语和连系动词;cannot help but do是固定句式,意为“不得不做某事;只得做某事”,but后面用动词原形。
【句式拓展】
(1)can’t help doing...意为“情不自禁地……;忍不住……”,help后接动词-ing形式。
Hearing the interesting story,I couldn’t help laughing.
(2)cannot help (to) do...意为“不能帮助做……”,其中的help意为“帮助”,后接带to或不带to 的动词不定式。
The medicine can’t help you (to) get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你消除感冒。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)有时候我真控制不住要发脾气。
Sometimes I just 　　　　　　　　　　　　　my temper.
(2)微笑的时候,你会情不自禁地感到平静,感受到幸福与爱。
While smiling,you 　　　　　　　　　　calmness,happiness and love.
can’t help but lose
can’t help but feel
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. 生活每天都给我们带来许多选择。
◆ alternative n.可供选择的事物　adj.可替代的
【词汇拓展】
an alternative to ……的替代物(to是介词)
have the alternative of A or B 要么做A,要么做B;在A或B二者中选一个
have no alternative/choice/option but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
You have the alternative of going to the concert or staying at home. 你可以去听音乐会也可以待在家里,任你选择。
New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers. 关节炎的新疗法可能是止痛药之外的另一种选择。
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)The app asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time so that other users can avoid the traffic jam by using alternative route.
(2)The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to
(communicate) with others.
完成句子
(3)为了成功,我们别无选择只能勇敢地面对失败并从中吸取教训。
In order to succeed,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
an
communicating
have no alternative/choice/option
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. 生活每天都给我们带来许多选择。
◆ on a...basis 根据;以……的方式(基准)
【词汇拓展】
on the basis of ...　　基于……
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础;依据……
basic adj. 基本的;基础的
basically adv. 基本上;大体上
We’re going to meet there on a regular basis.
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
The story was based on an account of an actual South Sea expedition.
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)The old scientist told his students that scientific theories must
　　　　　　　　 (base) on facts.
(2)These facts are　　　　　 (base) to an understanding of the case.
(3)Critics say these programmes are　　　　　 (basic) bad,but people still watch them.
be based　
basic
basically
Of course,the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems,when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. 当然,当我们不确定哪个选择会让我们做正确的事情,最大的困境就由道德问题引起。
◆ arise v.(由……)引起;出现;发生;产生;起来;起床
【词汇拓展】
arise from=arise out of 由……引起/产生;从……中产生
arise from one’s chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起来
The country’s present difficulties arise from/out of the shortage of petroleum. 这个国家当前的困境是由石油短缺造成的。
As is known to all,emotional or mental problems can arise from/out of a physical cause. 众所周知,情绪或精神上的问题可以由身体上的原因引起。
【迁移应用】
写出下列句中arise的含义
(1)Seeing his mother return home,the boy arose from his chair immediately.
　　　　
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future.　　　　
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.　　　　
(4)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting 　　　　
起来
出现
起床
产生
Once we make a decision,in most circumstances,there is no going back. 在大多数情况下,一旦我们做出决定就没有回头路可走了。
◆ circumstance n.情况,情形
【词汇拓展】
in/under no circumstances　　　 决不
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然这样
in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许
Under no circumstances can you leave the house. 在任何情况下你都不能离开这所房子。
You must not mention your colleagues under/in any circumstances. 在任何情况下你都不准提到你的同事。
under no circumstances位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装语序。
【迁移应用】
完成句子
(1)这也许不是一个完美的解决办法,但这是在此情况下我能做的最好的。
It might not be a perfect solution,but it’s the best I can do
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2)当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。
Under no circumstances 　　　　　　　　that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
(3)如果情况允许,工作从星期一开始。
The work will begin on Monday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
under/in the circumstances
did I expect
if circumstances permit/allow
What if,in choosing one,we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities 如果我们在选择一个机会的同时,不知不觉中拒绝了未来其他的机会呢
◆turn down拒绝;调小
【词汇拓展】
turn to　　 求助于;翻到(书的某页);查阅
turn away 拒绝……入内;把……打发走
turn up 出现;露面;调大
turn out 证明是;结果是;生产
turn over 打翻;翻身;移交
turn in 上交
You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading. 阅读的时候遇到生词,你不要总查字典。
The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
【迁移应用】
用turn的短语填空
(1)Some famous Chinese artists will　　　　　　　 and perform at the exhibition.
(2)The hall was full,and hundreds of fans had to be 　　　　　　　.
(3)The moment the bell rang,all the students　　　　　　　　　 their papers immediately.
(4)She 　　　　　　　the invitation because she had something urgent to attend to.
turn up
turned away　
turned in
turned down
Ultimately,the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. 最终,未来的道路——贯穿我们一生的道路——是选择和机遇的混合体。
◆mixture n.混合;混合体;混合物
【词汇拓展】
mix v.　　　　 (使)混合
mix...with... 把……和……相混合
mix sb sth 给某人配制某物
mix with 与……相混合
mix up 混合起来
mixed adj. 混合的;不同味道的;(感情等)复杂的
My mother put the sugar into the coffee and mixed them up with a spoon.
Oil doesn’t mix with water.
The doctor mixed him a bottle of medicine.
【迁移应用】
用mix的适当形式填空
(1)With 　　　　　feelings on mind,she doesn’t know what to do next.
(2)I don’t want to　　　　　　　 up in such a business.
(3)This　　　　　 drink tastes tasty.
(4)Don’t get them　　　　　,or it will be terrible.
mixed
be mixed
mixed
mixed
To me,it is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future,when it is too late to change them. 对我来说,这实际上是多年以后当我来不及改变我们的选择时,接受它们所带来的后果。
【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。it is really about...是主句,when it is...是定语从句。too...to do sth意为“太……而不能……”,too后接形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形,动词不定式表示否定意义。
在以下几种情况,too...to...结构可以表示肯定意义,而不是否定意义:
(1)当不定式前有否定词修饰时。
He is too clever not to understand this. 他太聪明,不会不明白这一点。
(2)当副词too的前面有否定词修饰时。
One is never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。
(3)当副词too后面修饰的形容词是glad,ready,pleased等表示“积极”意义的词汇时。
We are too ready to help you. 我们很乐意帮助你。
【迁移应用】
翻译句子
(1)这个问题太难了,我不会回答。
(2)树上的苹果太高了,他够不着。
The question is too difficult for me to answer.　
The apples on the tree are too high for him to reach.
Writing
02
Writing an application letter
Read the job advertisement and the application letter. Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.
Local Tour Guide Wanted
Contact:
JaneSmith@
9 am to 4 pm four days a week.
Fluency in English and French.
Knowledge of the city’s history and attractions.
Relevant experience preferred.
Applicants must be 16 and above.
PART-TIME
a Stating relevant past experience
b Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
c Stating qualifications required
d Formal signing off
e Formal greeting
f Stating personal interest and career choice
g Stating purpose of the letter, including position applied for and how applicant came to know about it
e
g
f
c
a
b
d
What does an application letter usually include
an application letter
Formal greeting
Stating purpose of the letter, including the position applied for and how applicants came to know about it
Stating personal interest and career choice
Stating qualifications required
Stating relevant past experiences
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
Formal signing off
Is Josie Davis suitable for the job tour guide in the advertisement How can we know that？Give your reasons.
Requirements:
Qualifications:
Fluency in English and French
Knowledge of the city’s hirstory and attractions
Relevant experience preferred
can speak both English and French fluently;
English is native language, majoring in French at university; attended an exchange programme in Paris last year
very familiar with the history of her home city; have a passion for history
organised and conducted a tour of her city for classmates living outside the area, having received excellent feedback
There are many useful words and expressions in this application letter , can you find them And can you list more
Formal greeting:
Stating purpose of the letter:
Stating personal interest and career choice:
Dear xxx (more:Mr./Miss. xxx; 职业/头衔+姓氏; Dear Sir/Madame )
I wish to apply for the position of......
(more:I’m writing to apply for......; I’m writing to express my interest in......)
be familiar with; have a passion for; enable sb. to do sth.; plan to do sth.; welcome the opportunity to do sth.
(more:have a gift for; be fond of; enjoy doing sth.)
Stating qualifications required:
Stating relevant past experience:
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information:
Formal signing off:
speak......fluently; major in; attend; further improve
(more:work hard; get along well with others; kind; easygoing; always ready to help others; have much knowledge in many fields; be good at communicating with others; an all-round student; be well acquainted with)
organize; conduct; receive excellent feedback; a quick learner; be willing to
(more:I have been worked in.......as a/an......)
be delighted to; have the opportunity to do sth.; discuss......further with......; contactable; thank you for your time and consideration
(more:look forward to hearing from you; your early reply will be appreciated)
Yours Sincerely(more:Yours Truly; Best Regards)
Read the job advertisement and plan for your application letter by answering the questions.
What job are you applying for Where did you find the job vacancy
What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
What relevant qualifications do you have
What job are you applying for Where did you find the job vacancy
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant.The job vacancy is advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
I once worked in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team.
What relevant qualifications do you have
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology.I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying and arranging refreshments.
Now write the application letter.
Dear Ms Lee,
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant as advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology. I believe my skills would enable me to contribute to the smooth operation of your office.As I plan to work in an administrative post after graduation, I would welcome the opportunity to gain experience in this field.
As stated in my attached CV, I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying, preparing meeting agendas, arranging refreshments and sorting letters and parcels. English is my native language, and I’m majoring in French at university.
Although I have not held the position of office assistant before, I did work in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team. I am capable of learning quickly, and willing to start with the basics wherever it is necessary.
Should you consider me a suitable candidate to interview, I’m contactable at your convenience at samhanson@ or by phone on 8969-7616. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Sam Hanson
Presenting
ideas
03
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
What kind of life does each picture show
What do you consider to be a successful life Give your reasons.
The first picture shows a successful business life.
The second picture shows a happy family life.
The third picture shows a life close to nature.
I think a successful life means that you have a happy family and have a job that provides you money. You can take a trip lose to nature now and then with you family. Because I think that family is the most important item in our life.
Work in groups. Talk about what success means to you and give plete the table.
Meaning of success
Examples
What does a successful future mean to you
Why do you think that way
What goals do you think you need to achieve to be successful
What would you do if you didn’t achieve these goals
Discuss your understanding of success in more detail and make notes.
not necessarily turn out exactly as ...plan
In the face of such problems, I will...
Whatever twists and turns I might encounter, ...take a leaf...
I have always believed.../have come to believe...
inspire me to/make up my mind to /weigh up the option.../single-minded in my ambition to/extraordinary experiences /I’d say it is due to...
To start with, ... What’s more,... It’s crucial for..., set oneself a goal...
Prepare a speech about your understanding of success. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your speech
2 useful words, expressions and structures
3 helpful public speaking skills
Give your speech to the class.
Review language points.
Search the Internet to find and read more poems written by Robert Frost.
Finish your writing.
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