外研版（2019）选择性必修二 Unit 6 Survival Starting out 课件（55张PPT）

(共55张PPT)
Unit 6
Survival
Starting out & Understanding ideas
BY MICHELLE
Starting out
01
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
What does each picture show
The first picture shows that an earthquake has happened. The road is cut off.
The second picture tells us that a disease has broken out and is probably spreading.
In the third picture, we can see a ship sinking.
The fourth picture shows us a dense jungle.
In the fifth picture, we can see an astronaut in space.
The sixth picture shows us a severe drought.
People would find it difficult to leave the area to find safety, or to receive supplies such as food, water, medicines and fuel. Power and communications may have been cut off by the earthquake. There is a risk of further quakes via an aftershock.
People may face difficulties such as quarantine, shortage of hospital services and panic-buying of essential medicines, food or other supplies. There may be misinformation and panic.
People who are unable to escape the ship on a lifeboat face the immediate dangers of drowning or of dying from exposure. Those who do escape on a lifeboat need to ration their food and water, and hope for rescue as soon as possible.
What difficulties would people have surviving in these situations
People would find it difficult to travel and navigate. It would also be difficult to find food and water. Wild animals and venomous insects are also potential problems.
Space is an extreme environment for human beings. They face danger from extreme temperatures, low pressures and radiation. They must carry everything they need with them, even air. The lack of gravity makes simple actions such as eating, drinking, moving and even sleeping difficult. Anyone who spends too long in a zero-gravity environment risks losing bone and muscle mass.
Without water, people and livestock face death within a short period of time. In addition to water shortages, drought causes crop failure, so people would face food shortages as well. This could affect people who do not live in the drought-affected area. Severe food shortages can cause famine, migration, collapse of social order and war.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Where do the people in the video live
What difficulties do they face How do they overcome those difficulties
What part of the life there would be most challenging for you Why
Where do the people in the video live
The people in the video live in Antarctica.
What is Antarctica like
It is the ______________, _______, _______, __________ continent.
southernmost
coldest
driest
windiest
Why do scientists live in Antarctica
Scientists expect to make new __________ by studying its unique ____________, _________ and ____________.
discoveries
geography
geology
biodiversity
What difficulties do they face How do they overcome those difficulties
extreme weather
long days and nights
No fresh produce
loneliness
Difficulties Solutions
________ temperature ________ winds Strong blizzards Wear special clothes for __________ from ________ temperatures
Unpredictable _________ of weather conditions Carry a _________ bag containing a tent, sleeping bags and other survival ____________
Issues about scientists’ ___________caused by endless days and nights The population of around 5,000 in summer _________ around 1,000 in winter
The darkness makes most outdoor research ____________ No ________ produce and ________ diet ________ food
Too much time spent __________ Offer _______________ activities and entertainment
Freezing
strong
protection
freezing
changes
survival
equipment
body clocks
falls to
impossible
fresh
varied
Import
indoors
a variety of
What part of the life there would be most challenging for you Why
Understaning
ideas
02
The
Wild
Within
Lead in
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
fox
leopard
bear
racoon
chacma baboon
hedgehog
Where would you normally expect to find them
woodland
grassland
wetland
forests
mountains
The wild are expected to be in the wild.
Would you be surprised to see these animals in a city Why or why not
rubbish bins
high-rise buildings
street lamp
The wild are within the city.
What problems could they encounter in cities
without shelter
being trapped
being killed
They may have difficulties finding food, shelter and mates. If people find them, they may be trapped or killed.
Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and the picture. Think about what the title means.
The title means the wild animals within the cities.
While-reading
Read for Outline
C. For those animals that don't adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
D. Yet, for its newest and wildest inhabitants, city can offer many benefits.
The crime took place in a sea suburb of Cape Town.
Para 2
Para 1
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
A. One thing crucial to the increasing number of "urban animals" is their ability to adapt.
B. People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration.
However they adapt to …, it’s important that we get a better understanding …and learn to appreciate…
suggestions
adaptation
reasons
benefits
dangers
crime
Para. 2
Reasons
Para. 3
Benefits
Para. 4
Adaptation
Para. 5
Dangers
Para. 6
Suggestions
Para. 1
The crime
Introduction
Explanation
Conclusion
Exposition
Read for Details
Para. 1
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. You see, this was no ordinary criminal: it was a chacma baboon. Once almost unheard of, scenes like this one in Cape Town are now common all over the world. With foxes in London, mountain lions in San Francisco and wild pigs in Hong Kong, it is almost as if our cities are being taken over by wild animals.
crime / phenomenon
a chacma baboon in Cape Town
a fox in London
a mountain lion in San Francisco
a wild pig in Hong Kong
Why did the author give the example of the crime
To introduce the topic.
To show how animals live in the city.
C. To give us some dangerous warnings.
D. To call on us to take care of the wild animals.
What figure of speech is used in it What’s the advantage
of it？
Personification.
Making the description more vivid so that it can attract readers’ attention.
Para. 2
_________________________________________________________________
Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing the animals out of their natural habitats. However true this is, we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all-it’s we humans who have moved into their territory. Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to move in with us.
reasons for migration
b. People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration.
2.________________
1. ________________
climate changes
Reasons
for
migration
...a means of survival
nowhere else to live in
Wild animals were there first. Huamns are newcomers. It's we humans that make them homeless.
urban development
Para. 3
______________________________________________________________________
As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives. Today, foxes can be seen all over London-one even being found living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was under construction! What’s more, hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftover we throw away.
benefits of cities for animals
d. Yet, for its newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits.
2.________________
3. ____________________
1. ________________
out of reach from natural predators
appealing habitats
Benefits of cities for animals
meanwhile , in addition, moreover, besides, furthermore,
on the other hand
plenty to eat
What's more
Para. 4
_______________________________________________________________________
There is evidence that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins, as they frequently have to figure out difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers which they would not find in the wild. Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes. Although naturally active at night, urban foxes come out in daylight if the reward is good enough. Their city location also means that they are getting a taste for the multicultural cuisine on offer from the garbage, such as hamburgers, lamb kebabs and even garlic bread!
animals' adaptation to cities
a. One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
become more intelligent
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
change their living habits
_________________________________________________
have a taste for the multicultural cuisine
_________________________________________________
urban foxes come out in daylight
hamburgers, lamb kebabs, garlic bread
figure out difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers
animals' adaptation to cities
In this paragraph, what does the writer use to prove his
opinion
A. examples
B. statistics
C. theories
D. experiences
Evidence such as examples, datas, facts, original documents can make your opinion more believable and stronger.
Para. 5
______________________________________________________________________
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometers per hour. Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 million birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. Shockingly, these deaths amount to around ten per cent of the total US bird population. Some species are more affected than others. One theory behind this is that these birds have yet to change their migratory routes that take them through cities with high-rise buildings.
dangers for some animals
c. For those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
How many birds live in America according to the author
Why are some species more affected than others
About 4,000 million to 10 billion.
Because they haven't changed their routes of migration through cities with tall buidings.
For those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
Para. 6
However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities, one thing is for sure - as it’s often a means of their survival, they could be with us to stay.
suggestions / conclusion
We should learn to better understand and_____________our wild neighbours, and look towards ____________________our urban habitats.
appreciate
harmoniously sharing
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
out of their natural habitats
Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to move in with us.
Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives.
Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we throw away.
intelligent than their wild cousins
Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes.
Some birds crash into windows because they are unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass.
Some birds have yet to change their migratory routes that take them through cities with high-rise buildings.
look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats
Post-reading
Now think about what people can do to achieve a balance between the need for urban development and the protection of wild animals.
Tips:
1. Come straight to the point.
2. Put the topic sentence at the beginning or end of the paragraph.
3. Use some connection words, such as“what's more...” to make your writing coherent.
4. Add some evidence such as examples, data and documents to make your opinions more believable and stronger.
How would you describe the relationship between people and urban animals in the passage
What figure of speech is used in the first paragraph Why does the author choose to start the passage this way
Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild animals. Do you agree with this Give your reasons.
In the first paragraph, the author uses personification to describe what urban animals are doing, with the aim of attracting readers’ attention.
Summary
Protect wild animals and live in harmony with them. Make the earth a better place for both animals and humans!
coexistence
Language
points
03
Spotting the car with its window left open， the greedy thief didn’t hesitate .贪婪的窃贼在发现有辆车的车窗未关后，没有丝毫犹豫。
greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的；渴望的
be greedy for power/knowledge 贪图权力 / 渴求知识
be greedy to gain more knowledge 渴望获得更多的知识
He looked at the gold with greedy eyes. 他贪婪地看着金子。
【单词积累】
greed n. 贪心，贪婪 greedily adv. 贪婪地
◆单句语法填空
(1)The __________（greed） little boy ate all the food on the table.
(2)Many people are greedy __________ money.
◆完成句子
(3)He stared at the money ____________________ （用贪婪的目光）.
greedy
for
with greedy eyes
No matter how many crimes he committed， the police were powerless to arrest him.不论他犯罪多少次， 警察都无法抓捕到他。
commit v. 犯（错误或罪行）；使承担义务，作出保证
搭配：commit sb. /oneself to（doing） sth. 承诺 / 保证（做）某事
He has committed a crime and should be condemned.
The government must commit itself to improving health care.
【单词积累】
commitment n. 承诺；投入；奉献　
committed adj. 坚定的，尽心尽力的
◆单句语法填空
(1) ［2019· 天 津 卷］ But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable _______________（commit）.
(2) He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was committed to ______________（practice） it.
◆完成句子
(3)There’s no doubt that the referee _____________________ （犯了罪） and was put into prison.
commitment
practicing
committed a crime
With foxes in London， mountain lions in San Francisco and wild pigs in Hong Kong， it is almost as if our cities are being taken over by wild animals.伦敦出现了狐狸， 旧金山出现了美洲狮， 香港出现了野猪，我们的城市就像是被野生动物给占领了。
【句式分析】句中 With foxes in London，mountain lions in San Francisco and wild pigs in Hong Kong是with复合结构，此处是介词短语作宾补。
1 with 复合结构 　构成：with+ 宾语 + 宾补
常在句中作状语，表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：
（1）with+ 宾语 + 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语
（2）with+ 宾语 + 现在分词（表示主动或正在进行）
（3）with+ 宾语 + 过去分词（表示被动或已经完成）
（4）with+ 宾语 + 动词不定式（表示尚未发生）
with 复合结构在句中还可作定语。
◆单句语法填空
(1)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____________（follow）them.
(2)With the desert ____________（transform）into the oasis，many people settled down there.
(3) ［2019·江苏卷］ China’s image is improving steadily，with more countries ____________ （recognize） its role in international affairs.
(4) With everything she needed ____________（buy），she went home happily.
(5)With a lot of problems ____________（settle），I can’t go skating with you.
(6)With the matter ____________（settle），he felt quite satisfied with the results.
◆完成句子
(7)I’m sitting in the warm night air ________________________ （手里拿着一瓶冷饮）and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic.
following
transformed
recognizing
bought
to settle
settled
with a cold drink in my hand
... urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.……城市发展 和气候变化是造成这些动物离开其自然栖息地的原因。
be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因
【误区警示】
（1）responsible 作前置定语和作后置定语时意义不同：
a responsible person 有责任心的人
the person responsible（对错事）负有责任的人
（2）Sb. is responsible for... 某人对……负责。
Sth. is responsible for... 某事是……的原因。
【归纳拓展】
a sense of responsibility 责任感 take responsibility for 为……承担责任
have responsibility for（doing） sth. 有（做）某事的责任
◆单句语法填空
(1)As a guide，she should be responsible ____________ her tourists.
(2)Since no one else has volunteered，Lucy will be responsible for ____________（supply）food for the trip.
(3)It’s my ____________（responsible） to lock the doors.
◆完成句子
(4)We should ________________（对……负责）the next generation.
(5) The poor health __________________________________（是他辞掉工作的原因）.
(6) The teacher feels ____________________________（强烈的责任感） towards her students.
for
supplying
responsibility
be responsible for
is responsible for his quitting the job
a strong sense of responsibility
With nowhere else to make their homes， they have no choice but to move in with us.既然没有别处可以安家，它们别无选择， 只好搬来和我们一起住。
have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
【归纳拓展】
（1）在 but 之前如果有实义动词 do，则其后的不定式不带 to；但如果 but 之前没有实义动词 do，则其后的不定式一般要带 to。助记：前有 do，后无 to；前无 do，后有 to。
① have no choice/alternative but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
② do nothing but do sth. 只是做某事
③ have nothing to do but do sth. 无事可做，只有做某事
④ there is nothing to do but do sth. 无事可做，只有做某事
With nowhere else to make their homes， they have no choice but to move in with us.既然没有别处可以安家，它们别无选择， 只好搬来和我们一起住。
have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
【归纳拓展】
（2） cannot but
cannot choose but + do sth. 不得不做某事
cannot help but
He did nothing but complain. 他什么也不做，只是抱怨。
He had nothing to do but watch TV. 他除了看电视外无事可做。
I could not but admire her. 我不得不佩服她。
◆单句语法填空
(1) There is no other means of transport. I’m afraid we have no choice but _________（take） a taxi.
(2) When you are trapped in a lift，you cannot _________ wait.
(3)Though he dislikes the job，he cannot choose but _________（do） it.
(4)Seeing the unfortunate girl，he couldn’t help but _________（feel） sorry for her.
(5)When a disaster happens，the people there can do nothing _________ wait for help.
◆完成句子
(6)He ___________________________（除了看电视什么也不做）.
(7) I have no choice _______________（只有离开）.
(8)He _________________________（除了看书无事可做）on weekends.
to take
but
do
feel
but
did nothing but watch TV
but to leave
has nothing to do but read books
... one even being found living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was under construction! ……有一只甚至生活在当时在建的夏德大厦72 楼！
under construction 在建造中
【学法点拨】
“under + n.”常表示正在进行的动作，而且包含被动含义，相当于进行时的被动语态。
under examination 在审查中 under repair 在修理中
under observation 在监视中 under consideration 在考虑中
under treatment 在治疗中 under discussion 在讨论中
【单词积累】
◆完成句子
(1) A new railway station is ________________________________（在建设中）.
(2)The possibility of employing more staff is still ______________________________（在讨论中）.
◆单句语法填空
(3) Young people should make a contribution to the _____________（construct） of their motherland.
(4)She criticised my writing，but in a way that was very _____________（construct）—I learned a lot from her.
under construction/being constructed
under discussion/being discussed
construction
constructive
Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes.为了适应新的家园，有些动物甚至改变了习性。
fit in with 与（某人）合得来；适应……，与……相一致
【归纳拓展】
fit in 相处融洽；适应
I tried to fit in but they were all much younger than I was.
我尽力融入他们，但他们都比我年轻得多。
After making arrangements for the project，he told me how my job fit in.
安排好这个项目后，他告诉我我的工作如何与之相适应。
◆完成句子
(1) Mary joined a painting group but didn’t seem to _______（适应），so she abandoned it.
(2) He’s never done this type of work before；I’m not sure how he’ll ________________ （与……合得来）the other people.
(3)—I desire to go to Beijing with you.
— If so，your holiday arrangement must ____________（与……相一致）mine.
fit in
fit in with
fit in with
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass， birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour.无法分辨蓝天和玻璃的鸟类会以每小时50 千米的速度撞向窗户。
crash into 撞到……上
The plane crashed into a mountain. 飞机撞到了山上。
He crashed his car into a wall. 他的汽车撞到了墙上。
【归纳拓展】
a car crash 汽车撞车事故
a plane crash 飞机失事
in a crash 在撞车事故中
run into（开车）撞上，撞到；偶然遇见（某人）
◆单句语法填空
(1) A truck went out of control and crashed __________ the back of a bus.
(2)Graham ran _______someone he used to know at school the other day.
◆完成句子
(3) Three people were injured when the bus ________________ （撞到……上）a tree.
(4)On his way home Tom ____________________ （把自己的汽车撞到了）a wall.
into
into
crashed into
crashed his car into
Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone .近期研究估计，仅在美国，每年就有4 亿至10 亿只鸟因撞向窗户而亡。
estimate v. & n. 估计，估算
It is estimated that... 据估计……
搭配 make an estimate 作估计
give（sb.） an estimate（给某人）作估算
It is estimated that smoking causes 100，000 premature deaths every year.
据估计，每年有 100 000 人因吸烟而早逝。
Can you give me an estimate over the phone
你能在电话里给我一个估价吗？
◆完成句子
(1) 我可以大略估算一下你需要多少砖。
I can give you __________________ of the number of bricks you will need.
(2) ____________________（据估计）the project will last ten years.
◆单句语法填空
(3)It was difficult ___________（estimate） how many trees had been destroyed.
(4) They estimate _____________ the journey will take at least two weeks.
a rough estimate
It is estimated that
to estimate
that
... it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. ……更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居是非常重要的。
appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识；感激（不用于进行时）
We appreciate your comprehension of the problem.
I greatly appreciate your bringing me so much enjoyment.
I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English.
【误区警示】
◆单句语法填空
(1) I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
(2)I wish to express my _____________ （appreciate）for your kindness.
(3)As I will be away for a long time，I’d appreciate _____________ （hear）from you now and then.
(4)I appreciate _____________（give） the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
(5)In his speech，he thanked everyone _____________ all their hard work.
it
appreciation
hearing
being given
for
Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats .只有那时，我们才能展望与它们和谐分享城市栖息地的未来。
“ only + 状语（从句）”位于句首引起部分倒装
only 在句首修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或从句时，后面的句子或主句要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语前面。
Only then did I recognize him.
Only in this way can we calm the little girl down.
Only when he told me did I know details of his trip.
【误区警示】
（1）only 在句首修饰状语从句时，状语从句本身不倒装。
（2）only 修饰句子的主语时，句子不倒装。
Only a few students can answer the question.
◆完成句子
(1)Only then _____________（他才知道）how much damage had been caused.
(2)Only by talking face to face ________________________ （我们才能有机会）to persuade him to change his mind.
(3) Only when Lily walked into the office _________________（她才意识到）that she had left the contract at home.
(4) Only when you can find peace in your heart ________________（你才能维持）good relationships with others.
(5) ____________________________________（只有当他为他的行为道歉时）will I speak to him again.
did he know
can we have the chance
did she realize
will you keep
Only when he apologises for his behaviour
Review language points.
Write an essay about what people can do to achieve a balance between the need for urban development and the protection of wild animals.
THANKS FOR WATCHING