(共37张PPT)
Unit 1
Face
values
Using language
Subject clauses
BY MICHELLE
Grammar
01
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences(a)and(c)are from the reading passage.
a ...what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone,so who cares
b “That my pictures aren’t hurting anyone is what I say,so who cares ”
c It’s true that inner beauty is very important...
d That inner beauty is very important is true...
What is the role of the words in bold in each sentence
The role of the words in bold in each sentence is to act as the subject of the sentence.
In sentence (a), what does “what” refer to
In sentence (a), “what” refers to the thing(s) that / which the speaker says.
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences(a)and(c)are from the reading passage.
a ...what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone,so who cares
b “That my pictures aren’t hurting anyone is what I say,so who cares ”
c It’s true that inner beauty is very important...
d That inner beauty is very important is true...
What does “it” refer to in sentence (c)
In sentence (c), “it” refers to “that inner beauty is very important”.
Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (c) instead of sentences (b) and (d)
The author chooses to use sentences (a) and (c) to place the focus on the end of the sentences, rather than the beginning.
Now look for more sentences with subject clauses in the reading passage,and summarise their uses in your own words.
More sentences with subject clauses:
· ...isn’ t it better that I’m large and happy,instead of skinny and unhealthy
· What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not
only makes us more beautiful, but happier,too!
Subject clauses 主语从句
Definition
I will lose my breath.
Whatever comes will come soon.
What’s subject
What’s subject clauses
含义:在句中起 的从句叫主语从句
主语作用
Position
What he did in the earthquake moved everybody.
What I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone, so who cares
主语从句通常放在主句主句谓语动词之前。
It is true that inner beauty is very important.
主语从句还可以由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
Leading words
从属连词:that、if、whether
That smoking is harmful to health is known to everyone.
Whether life exists on other planets is not clear yet.
It is still doubtful whether/if she will play the role.
从属连词 是否充当成分 有无实际意义 能否省略
that
whether
if
不充当
不充当
不充当
不能
不能
无
是否
是否
不能
Leading words
连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 等
Who laughs last laughs best.
What he said encouraged me greatly.
Who he is remains uncertian.
Whose watch was lost is unknown.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,起连接作用并且有实际意义。
Leading words
连接副词:when, where, why, how
When shall we meet again is unknown.
Where we can look up his address is still a problem.
Why we haven’t met each other for a long time is that she has gone to work abroad.
How will they reach the top of the high mountian is not decide.
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
方式状语
在从句中作状语分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式,起连接作用并且有实际意义。
Practising
请根据句子含义选择正确的连接词。
Who
That
Why
Whoever
What
Whom
Whose
Which
1. _______________will host the meeting hasn’t been decieded.
2. _______________car runs faster should be tested.
3. _______________comes to our school is welcome.
4. _______________side will win is not clear.
Who
Whose
Whoever
Which
Practising
请根据句子含义选择正确的连接词。
What
Whether
Which
Where
Why
That
When
Why
5. _______________we will leave hasn’t been decided.
6. _______________he cries is not clear.
7. _______________the meeting will be held is not known.
8. _______________he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
When
Why
Where
Why
用 it 作形式主语的主语从句
当主语从句太长时,为了平衡句子结构,常用it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。用it作形式主语的常见句型有:
(1)It+is+ 形容词 +that 从句.
It is true/ clear/ well-known/ obvious/(im)possible/ right +that...
It is clear that the girl told a lie. 很清楚那个女孩说谎了。
It is possible that Mira might turn up tonight. 米拉今晚可能会来。
(2)It+is+ 名词(词组)+that 从句.
It is a pity/ a shame/ a wonder/ a question/ no wonder +that...
It is a pity that your parents didn’t permit you to go with us.
It’s a wonder that no one got hurt.
用 it 作形式主语的主语从句
(3)It+is+ 过去分词 +that 从句.
It is said/ reported/ believed/ expected/ thought/ hoped/ suggested+that+从句
It is reported that a violent earthquake happened in Japan.
(4)It + 不及物动词(短语)+ that 从句.
常用于该句型的不及物动词(短语)有seem(看上去),turn out(结果是),happen(碰巧),appear(显得)等。
It turned out that we were wrong. 结果是我们错了。
It happened that he was out that day. 碰巧他那天不在家。
(5)其他句型
It doesn’t matter whether he likes it or not. 他喜不喜欢它都没有关系。
It makes no difference whether you support my plan or not. 你支不支持我的计划都不重要。
完成句子
(1) _______________________(很明显)they badly need help.
(2)_________________________(是否……没有关系)you come to the party or not tonight.
(3)__________________(很可惜)you can’t attend my birthday party.
(4)____________________(建议) the old man should go to the countryside to have a rest.
(5)____________________(在我看来)you disagree on the plan.
(6)____________________(碰巧)the harvest was bad that year.
(7)____________________(结果是)she was a friend of my sister.
It’s clear/obvious that
It doesn’t matter whether
It’s a pity that
It’s suggested that
It seems to me that
It happened that
It turned out that
Summary
一、引导主语从句常用的连接词
(1)从属连词:that、if、whether
(2)连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 等
(3)连接副词:when, where, why, how
二、用it作形式主语,把主语从句放在主句之后, 五种句型:
(1)It+is+ 形容词 +that 从句.
(2)It+is+ 名词(词组)+that 从句.
(3)It+is+ 过去分词 +that 从句.
(4)It + 不及物动词(短语)+ that 从句.
(5)其他句型:
It doesn’t matter whether... 是否... 没有关系
It makes no difference whether... 是否...没有区别
Read the passage and choose the correct words.
It is a well-known fact that/what the faces some people show to the world might be completely different to their real personalities. For instance,most comedians have permanent smiles on their faces and always sound cheerful because that’s the nature of their work. From this,it’s impossible to know what/where their true feelings are. Although they might be laughing on the outside ,they might be crying on the inside. That/How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about,because it’s not always obvious who is truly happy. What/That is certain is that comedians often use comedy to help them understand themselves and the world. In fact,comedy is a very serious job indeed!
Write an introduction to Ma Xu based on the profile. Use three or four subject clauses in your introduction.
Ma Xu
Ma Xu became a military doctor in 1947. She applied to become a
paratrooper in 1961,but her first application failed because there
were no female paratroopers at that time. Ma was only 1. 53 metres
tall and weighed just 37. 5 kg. But she learnt to parachute by training
hard in secret. After Ma proved that she could jump as well as anyone else,her application was successful.
Ma is China’s first female paratrooper. She completed over 140 parachute jumps over a period of 20 years—the most of any female paratrooper. She also set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump,at the age of 51.
In 2018,Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town in Mulan County.
This donation was to support local education and public welfare.
Ma Xu is a famous paratrooper. What impress me most are her courage, skill and determination. Though she applied to become a paratrooper in 1961, what made her first application fail was that there were no female paratroopers. What she learnt from this failure was to parachute by training hard in secret. What she did made her become the first female paratrooper and the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump. In 2018, what impressed people most was that she donated her entire life savings to her home town in Mulan County.
Think of another famous person and give an introduction to the class. Use three or four subject clauses in the introduction.
The scientist I admire most is Tu Youyou. What impresses me most is the fact that she tried medicine on herself regardless of her own safety. It is true that she failed many times before she found a cure for malaria. How she achieved success is no secret to us. It is her determination and persistence that make her successful.
Listening&
Speaking
02
Skin Deep
Listen to the speech. Choose the title that best describes the topic and give your reasons.
1 How to Hide Scars
2 Our True Self Lies Within
3 The Life Story of Dr Kleck
4 The Psychology of Sadness
Listen again and complete the fact sheet.
The Scar Experiment
Basic facts
The researcher:Dr Robert Kleck Year:1_________
The procedure:
· 2 was drawn on each volunteer’s face using Hollywood-style make-up.
·Dr Kleck showed the scars to the volunteers.
·He 3 the scars without the volunteers’ knowing it.
·The volunteers went outside and noted how people 4 .
· They thought that people were ruder to them,and less kind. They thought people 5
the scars.
Findings
·The volunteers 6 others’ behaviour towards them.
·Who we are is in our heads,not 7 .
·If people choose to feel 8 ,they will actually feel that way.
1991
An ugly fake scar
removed
reacted to them
stared at
imagined/misunderstood
how we look on the outside
happy and positive
Learning to learn
Before listening, predict what can be put into the blanks based on the context, part of speech and so on.
Now give a short introduction to the experiment using the information in the fact sheet.
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the speech.
Today, I’m going to talk about…
The subject of this speech is…
First / Next / Then…
After that, …
As you can see, …
To sum up, …
Defining a topic
Presenting ideas
Concluding
Today, I’m going to talk about..
The subject of this speech is…
First / Next / Then…
After that, …
As you can see,…
To sum up, …
Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 What can you learn from the Scar Experiment
2 Does your appearance influence how you feel inside
Our true self lies within.
Yes/No.
Vocabulary
Building
03
Read the descriptions and match them to the characters from literature. Pay attention to the words in bold.
a. Jane Eyre
b. Cowardly Lion
c. Harry Potter
d. Monkey King
1. He is able to transform into various animals and objects. People often regard him as frightful or monstrous, but in fact he is just and righteous. When there’s danger, he never hesitates to protect others.
d. Monkey King
2. She is small and her face is plain. Despite a difficult childhood, she grows up to be an independent, determined and generous young woman. She remains true to herself and never loses hope in her search for love and happiness.
a. Jane Eyre
3. He has the outward appearance of the King of the Beasts, but he has a timid and sensitive character, which causes him to believe he is a coward. However, he performs brave actions even when he feels afraid, proving that he is in fact a courageous individual.
b.Cowardly Lion
4. He is a thin and bookish boy with untidy dark hair. He doesn’t appear to be particularly tough and sometimes looks as if he lacks confidence. In reality, he is brave and loyal, and always ready for a dangerous challenge when it is necessary to do the right thing.
c. Harry Potter
Put the words in bold in Activity 9 into the boxes. Add any
more you can think of.
Appearance
frightful, monstrous, small, plain, thin, bookish, tall, strong …
Personality
just, righteous, independent, determined, generous, timid, sensitive, courageous, tough, brave, loyal, funny, calm …
Choose a character from literature and prepare a speech. Talk about the character’s appearance and personality. Work in pairs and make the speech to each other.
Summarise the usage of subject clauses and do the relevant exercises.
Use some words we have learnt to write a brief introduction to a character in a novel you’ve read which impressed you most.
THANKS FOR WATCHING