2016中考王英语中考命题研究（遵义）题型专项突破：题型五任务型阅读（练习无答案）

题型五　任务型阅读
,五年中考命题规律及趋势
年份 文体 话题 段落及词数 考查形式
2015 说明文 朋友的重要性及如何成为好朋友 4段式，约240词 3道回答问题，1道英译汉，1道汉译英
2014 记叙文 成功的原因 6段式，约290词 3道回答问题，1道英译汉，1道汉译英
2013 记叙文 与父亲登山所得 3段式，约190词 3道回答问题，1道英译汉，1道汉译英
2012 议论文 青少年在保证自己安全的前提下去帮助他人 5段式，约200词
2011 说明文 坚持信念，梦想终究会实现 8段式，约200词 3道回答问题，2道英译汉，3道回答问题，1道汉译英，1道英译汉
　　任务型阅读的文体多为说明文和记叙文， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话题涉及青少年的成长、教育、生活感悟及人生信念等，文章词数190－290。设置方式为：回答问题型及翻译句子题。预测2016年遵义中考的任务型阅读文体仍为说明文或记叙文。话题会贴近学生生活，设置方式会多样性。
,解题方法与技巧
遵义任务型阅读理解题型均为三种：即：回答问 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题，汉语句子译成英语，英语句子译成汉语。它不仅考查考生的阅读理解能力，还考查考生的语言组织能力、英汉互译能力以及其他语言知识，较好地呼应了新课标所倡导的“任务型语言教学”模式。所给的文章易于理解并贴近考生生活实际。旨在考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力，在对篇章整体理解的基础上，考查考生根据上下文的意思和逻辑联系进行推理、判断的能力。本题型重点涉及到简略回答、翻译句子等知识的运用。
一、通读全文，感知任务
答题前，认真阅读文章，掌握文章提供的信息内容，同时要明确文章的中心思想，为答题做好准备。
二、紧扣原文，搜寻信息
通读全文后，再浏览问题，从原文中找出能回答问题的关键信息。
三、全面兼顾，准确作答
除了注意书写规范以外，还要确保表达的准确性，要注意语态、时态和人称等的变化。
四、认真检查，验证答案
完成任务后要把答案带入原文，检查所写的答案是否符合要求，发现问题及时解决。
(2015遵义中考)I remember ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when I was growing up ，my mom always said ，“Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others .” It's so true .Friends allow us to enjoy the taste of our success and our joys and comfort us in our challenging moments. They provide a mirror for us to learn more about ourselves .I've always looked at friends as the family members.They enrich our lives .As Robert Steven once said，“A friend is a present which you give yourself.”
To be a good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friend，①成为一个好的听众是很重要的．Hear what your friend says first rather than making conclusions(结论) quickly. Sometimes it is useful to repeat their words back to them, it can help them to realize whether their words were what they wanted to say.
Patience is also im ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )portant in being a good friend. You know the old golden rule, “Care for others the way you would like them to care for you.” The support of a friend during a difficult time could make the difference between success and failure. ②Encouragement__and__confidence__are__the__best__gifts__that__can__change__a__person's__life.__
We should choose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our friends carefully, because they can have a huge effect on our life. As someone told me，“The attitudes of your friends are like the button(按钮) on a lift. They will either take you up or down.
1. What's the opinion of Robert Steven about friends
________________________________________________________________________
2．Is patience important in being a good friend
________________________________________________________________________
3．Why should we choose our friends carefully
________________________________________________________________________
4．请将文中画线句子①译 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成英语： ________________________________________________________________________
5．请将文中画线句子②译成汉语：___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____________________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文，主要说明朋友的重要性，介绍如何成为一位好朋友以及强调要认真挑选朋友。
1．A friend is a present which you give yourself.
【解析】此题是直接信息题。由第一段最后一句可知。
2．Yes，it is/Yes.
【解析】由第三段第一句可知答案。
3．Because friends can have a huge effect on our life.
【解析】由文章最后一段的第一句可知答案。
4．It's very important to be a good listener.
【解析】此句的结构为：It's adj (for sb.)to do sth.
5．鼓励和自信是改变一个人一生的最好礼物。
,考点：回答问题类
方法突破：回答问题类题目，在答题前，首 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )先应该快速浏览所提问题，然后带着这个问题，有的放矢地去阅读文章，获取与问题有关的信息。对那些在文章中找不到答案的问题，必须再通读全文，对获得的信息进行整理、通篇考虑全文，才能写出答案。答完问题后要进行检查，确保答案在语法、拼写及标点符号等方面准确无误。
考点：汉译英类
方法突破：解答汉译英的题目，先通读 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全文，了解大意并决定句子时态或语态，然后抓住句子的结构或固定句式。写句子时先确定句子的主语、谓语、(宾语)，然后补充其他成分，最后检查所写句子是否完整、准确无误。
考点：英译汉类
方法突破：解答英译汉的题目，先略读全文， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从整体上把握整篇文章的内容，并理解画线部分与文章其他部分之间的语法及逻辑关系，然后找出句中的固定短语、从句或固定句型等，翻译出合理的汉语句子。解答此类题型时要注意几点：①要根据上下文翻译，不要断章取义。②翻译时要与汉语语言习惯相联系，不要逐词死译。③注意文化差异。④注意习语、谚语。
,2016备考猜押
话题1　人物传记
Passage 1(2015益阳中考改编)
刘伟(用脚趾弹钢琴)
Liu Wei is very fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mous in China because he can play the piano with his toes(脚趾)．
One day when Liu We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i was only 10 years old，he played a game with some friends.He lost both his arms because of electricity.
Liu Wei was ver ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y sad when both his arms were cut off after the accident.But soon he had to make a choice.
“For people like me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，there were only two choices.One was to give up all the dreams，which would cause a quick death.The other was to work hard without arms to live an excellent life.”says Liu Wei.
①刘伟的梦想是成为一位钢琴家。He lea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rned to play the piano with his toes.And teaching himself to play the piano with his toes was very hard.Many times he wanted to give up，②but__his__parent__went__on__encouraging__him__and__he__wanted__to__make__his__parents__proud.
Maybe you can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not believe that Liu Wei is able to play well only with his toes.The audience(观众)were deeply moved and very excited when they watched his performance.
1．What can Liu Wei play the piano with
________________________________________________________________________
2．How old was Liu Wei when he lost his arms
________________________________________________________________________
3．Was Liu Wei very unhappy when both his arms were cut off
________________________________________________________________________
4．将①处画线句子译成英语
________________________________________________________________________
5．将②处画线句子译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
话题2　社会生活
Passage 2(2015遵义一中模拟)
种苹果树
A poor farmer had a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) friend who was famous for the wonderful apple tree he grew.
One day，his friend g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave the farmer a young apple tree and told him to plant it.The farmer was pleased with the gift，but ①他不知道把它种在哪里。
He was afraid tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t if he planted the tree near the road，strangers would steal the fruit.If he planted the tree in one of his fields，his neighbors would come at night and steal some of the apples.If he planted the tree near his house，his children would take the fruit.Finally he planted the tree in his forest.②But__without__sunlight__and__good__soil，the__tree__soon__died.
Later the friend a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place.“What's the difference？”the farmer said angrily and then told what he had thought.
“Yes，”said the frie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd，“but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit.Now you destroyed a good apple tree.”
1．What gift did the farmer get from his friend one day
________________________________________________________________________
2．Did the farmer plant the apple tree near his house
________________________________________________________________________
3．Why did the apple tree soon die
________________________________________________________________________
4．将文中画线句子①翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 3(2015航天中学模拟)
电视才艺展
Nowadays，there ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are more and more TV talent shows.They are very popular all over China.
These talent sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ws give everyone a chance to show off their talents.For some lucky people，these talent shows may make them famous，and can even make them rich.However，there are also many bad sides.First，some young people just imitate(模仿) their favorite stars.They may forget about their own styles.Second，young people spend too much time on such TV shows.They always dream of being a star.So they spend less time on their studies.
In my opinion，these s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hows are social(社会的) activities.①年轻人可以参加这些活动获得一些社会经验。 But they should know that the chance of becoming famous is very small for most people.They should know that they should work hard at something more important，their school work.②In__short，you__can__do__what__you__like，but__you__should__know__what__is__important__and__what__is__not.
1．Do talent shows give everyone a chance to show off their talents
________________________________________________________________________
2．How many bad si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )des of talent shows are there according to the passage
________________________________________________________________________
3．What should young people work hard at
________________________________________________________________________
4．将短文中画线句子①翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将短文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 4(2016原创)
度暑假的建议
The summer holiday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is coming，which can be a relaxing time for sleeping，eating good meals and seeing old friends.Try to take some time off from school and spend a few weeks of fun.Here are some ideas for planning your summer holiday.
First of all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，joining a club is a good choice！You can join a music club，a sport club or an art club.It's good for your future development and the teachers in the club can give you good advice.
Doing something g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood for society is also great.There are many volunteer programs for you to choose from，such as looking after the old or the young，cleaning the streets，planting trees or keeping the traffic in order.①你知道青少年也能让世界更美好。
Have you eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r lived with another family？You can join in a program called“Meeting a New Family”．Two families exchange their children for some time so that they can learn how to get on well with others.
Summer camp is st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill popular today.An English summer camp may be a good choice.②You__can__not__only__make__friends__but__also__practice__your__English.
1．What does the writer give some ideas for
________________________________________________________________________
2．To learn drawing，what club can you join
________________________________________________________________________
3．If you want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to live with another family，what programme can you join
________________________________________________________________________
4．将文中画线句子①翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 5(2016原创)
如何才能长寿
If you want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to live for 100 years，you need healthy food and lots of exercise.
①In__the__mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rning，you__should__have__a__big__and__nice__breakfast. A big and nice breakfast can help you start a day.For lunch and supper，you can have rice and vegetables.Healthy people seldom eat many snacks(点心)．Snacks give you energy，but they're not healthy.You can have some fruit after each meal.
Except for keepin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g a healthy eating habit，you need lots of exercise，too.You can do sports for 30 minutes every day to keep fit.After a month，you will feel healthier(更健康)．You can swim.You can run.You can play ball games.
②不要每天在网上玩很多小时的电脑游戏。 This is not exercise.
Get up from your ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )air，everyone！Change your diet and lifestyle today！You can live for 100 years.You can always feel young with right food and enough exercise.
1．What do we need to live for 100 years
________________________________________________________________________
2．How long do we do sports every day to keep fit
________________________________________________________________________
3．How can people always feel young
________________________________________________________________________
4．将①处句子译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将②处句子译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 6(2015遵义十六中模拟)
第一个地球日
The First Eart ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h Day was in 1970.People were beginning to worry about what we were doing to our environment.So they set up Earth Day to tell everyone about their worries.
In 2007 organizers(组织者 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) in over 150 countries planned over 4，000 big events(大事)．But Earth Day is not just about marches(游行) and big events.In the week around Earth Day (22 April) there were many thousands of small，local events.These events dealt with environmental problems in the neighborhood.
The World Wide Fund f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or Nature made a list of 5 things that each person could do to help to save the environment.
●Don't leave the tap(水龙头) running.
●Turn off lights when you leave a room.
●Turn off your computer every night.
●①Wash__your__clothes， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and__yourself，in__warm__or__cold__water，not__hot__water.
●Dishwashers use as little water as possible.
②如果我们一直做到至少其中的两件事， we can make a big difference.
1．What is the purpose for people to set up Earth Day
________________________________________________________________________
2．When is Earth Day
________________________________________________________________________
3．What should people do when the water keeps running from a tap
________________________________________________________________________
4．将短文中画线句子①翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将短文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 7
Nowadays，computer ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes are becoming more and more popular in many cities and towns.A lot of small shops along busy streets have been made into small game houses in order to get more money.These places are always crowded with people，especially young boys.
In the computer g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ame houses，people spend a lot of money competing(较量) with the machines.①It's__hard__for__one__to__win__the__computer，but__one__can__make__progress__after__trying__again__and__again. People have a kind of gambling psychology(赌博心理) when they play computer games.②他们输得越多就越想赢。 When class is over，the school boys run to the nearby computer game houses.Little by little，they forget all about their lessons and fall far behind others.Some of them can get enough money from their parents.But some of them are not lucky enough to get the money.They begin to take away other students's money and become thieves.
1．Who always go to the computer game houses
________________________________________________________________________
2．What did people make all shops into small game houses for
________________________________________________________________________
3．What must be brought to play games in the game houses
________________________________________________________________________
4．将短文中画线句子①翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将短文中画线句子②翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
话题3　文化风俗
Passage 8
美国教学形式
Here are some American classroom customs：
If the teacher as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks a question，you are expected to give an answer.If you do not understand the question，you should put up your hand and ask the teacher to repeat the question.If you do not know the answer，it is all right to tell the teacher that you do not know.Then he or she knows what you need to learn.
There is no excuse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for not doing your homework.If you are absent(缺席)，you should call your teacher or a classmate and ask for the assignment(作业)．
You must not be a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bsent(缺席) on a test day.If you are seriously ill，call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test.If your teacher allows make—up tests(补考)，you should take the test within one or two days after you return to class.Serious illness is the only reason for missing a test.
Be on time！① ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )迟到是粗鲁的。 If you must come in late，be sure to do it quietly.You take your books and papers out of your bag before you come into the room.Then go to your seat and sit quietly.In the U．S.，it is not necessary to knock before you enter the classroom.
②Wearing__a__hat__in__class__is__impolite. Some teachers may ignore(忽视) it，but you should ask permission(许可) first.
1．What should a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )student do if he or she doesn't understand the teacher's question
________________________________________________________________________
2．If a student mis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ses a class，how can he or she find out the assignment
________________________________________________________________________
3．What is the reason for missing a test
________________________________________________________________________
4．将画线部分①的文中翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将画线部分②的英语翻译成中文。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 9(2015遵义十一中模拟)
How do you get to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chool every day？By bike，bus or car？In Chongqing，there will be 3，000 new school buses on the street by the end of this year.These school buses look just like the American school buses：yellow with a big nose.
In February 2010 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，the Chinese government announced the first standard for school bus safety.①Since__then，more__yellow__school__buses__can__be__seen__on__the__street.
In China，besides ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the bus driver，there should be an adult on the school bus to watch the students.If there are more than 40 students，two adults are needed.The students usually rest or read books on the school bus.
In America，y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ellow school buses are very popular.There are about 480，000 school buses in the country.The older kids sit in the back of the bus.The younger kids sit in the front.They usually listen to music，talk on their phones or just sleep.The only adult on the bus is the driver.
②在学生的日常生活中校车是很重 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要的。 It can keep children safe.Usually a child is much safer going to school by school bus than any other way.It can also help the environment.A school bus saves a lot of gas because it can carry a lot of people.
1．What color are the new school buses in Chongqing
________________________________________________________________________
2．When did the Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inese government announce the first standard for school bus safety
________________________________________________________________________
3．How many adult ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are needed on a Chinese school bus if 45 kids are on it besides the driver
________________________________________________________________________
4．将文中画线句子①翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将文中画线句子②翻译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
话题4　学习与教育
Passage 10(2016原创)
繁重的课外作业对学生的影响
The weekend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is usually a time for rest.①人人都应该有些时间休息。 But today's Chinese students cannot rest during the weekends.According to a survey(据调查)，24% of the junior students in Beijing have classes at the weekends.Over 40% of the Junior 3 students have less than eight hours' sleep each night because of too much study.Ji Ping ，(a junior student in Guangzhou) has to get up at 6：30 am on Saturday.Then she has a whole day of classes.On Sunday she goes to extra(额外的) classes for math and English.
But she doesn't comp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lain(抱怨)．She says that all her classmates work hard on Sunday.Liu Yang is from Dalian.His weekends are less busy.But he also spends Saturday in school.On Sunday，after doing homework，he plays basketball.
②He__feels__happy__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )because__he__still__has__time__to__do__the__things__he__likes. A few students are little luckier.Yang Qing，a Junior 3 student from Zibo，Shandong，is one of them.And she is a top student.During the weekends，she usually gets up at 8：00.Then she spends some time doing homework.After that she is free to go shopping or watch TV.“Don't push yourself too much.Learning well at school is enough.”she said.
1．Why cannot today's Chinese students rest during the weekends
________________________________________________________________________
2．Who is the luckiest student in this passage
________________________________________________________________________
3．When does Yang Qing go shopping or watch TV
________________________________________________________________________
4．将①处画线句子译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将②处画线句子译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
Passage 11(2015遵义十二中模拟)
学习英语的最好方法
The best way of lea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rning a language is using it.①The__best__way__of__learning__English__is__talking__in__English__as__much__as__possible. Sometimes you'll get your words mixed up and people will not understand you.Sometimes people will say things too quickly and you can't understand them.But if you keep your sense of humor，you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make.Don't be unhappy if people seem to be laughing at your mistakes.②It's__better__for__people__to__laugh__at__your__mistakes__than__to__be__angry__with__you，because__they__don't__understand__what__you__are__saying. The most important thing for learning English is，“Don't be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.”
1．What is the best wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for you to learn a language according to the writer
________________________________________________________________________
2．What should you do when you make a mistake
________________________________________________________________________
3．What is the most important thing for learning English
________________________________________________________________________
4．将短文中画线句子①翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
5．将短文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
话题5　人物经历及感悟
Passage 12(2016原创)
怎样得到那个工作
Some time ago ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，an old businessman had a large store in Boston.He wanted a boy to work for him，and he put an advertisement(广告) in the newspaper.The next morning，many boys came to the old man's office，asking for the job.
There was a post(柱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子) by his desk，and there was a nail(钉子) in it.He took a walking stick(拐杖) and said，“Everyone has three chances.If anyone can hit the nail on the head with this stick more than once，I will give him the job.”
The boy though ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it was very easy.They all tried，but nobody could succeed.So the old man said，“I'm sorry I can't take any of you，”and they left.
He kept the advertise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ment in the papers，and the next morning many boys came，and among them he saw a thin boy.He came there the day before.The boy hit the nail successfully for three times.①那位老人感到惊讶并问他是如何做到那件事的。
“Yes，”said the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) boy，“I failed yesterday，but I thought that if I kept on trying，I could do it.So I went home and practiced hitting a nail with a stick till I could do it，and I got up very early this morning，and tried again.”
The old man sai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d，“You are the boy for me，”and gave him the job.Whatever the boy had to do，he tried to do his best.②It__was__not__very__long__before__he__became__the__best__clerk(职员)__in__the__store.
1．Did the thin boy get the job at last
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2．What did the old man have in Boston
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3．Where did the boy practice hitting a nail
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4．将短文中画线句子①翻译成英语。
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5．将短文中画线句子②翻译成汉语。
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话题6　人与自然
Passage 13(2016原创)
各国如何再循环再利用
Recycling(回收再利用) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is one of the best environmental success stories of late 20th century.Recycling means using things again，and not wasting things like plastic，paper and glass.
①Japanese__are__go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od__at__recycling__because__they__live__in__a__very__small__place__with__a__lot__of__people__in__it. They do not want to share the small space(空间) with rubbish.But even so，the Tokyo area has three million tons of rubbish right now.
In 1996，the U ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nited States recycled 57 million tons of rubbish.Recycling also helps to keep the environment clean.
In China，Hong Kong sen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t 1.3 million tons of rubbish to the mainland(大陆) for recycling in 1999.And around 535，000 tons of rubbish was recycled in Hong Kong itself.
However，recycling n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eeds a lot of planning and special machines.Also，there is not much use for some recycled things.②人们需要想到更多的方法来使用它们。
1．What is one of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )best environmental success stories of late 20th century
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2．What does recycling mean
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3．How much rubbish was recycled in Hong Kong itself
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4．将①处画线部分译成汉语。
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5．将②处画线部分译成英语。
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