外研版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5 Revealing nature Starting out 课件（共46张PPT）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5 Revealing nature Starting out 课件（共46张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-10 12:28:44 | ||
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(共46张PPT)
Unit 5
Revealing
nature
Starting out & Understanding ideas
BY MICHELLE
Starting out
What do you know about these animals What makes them special
What other similar animals do you know about Share your knowledge with the class.
Look at the page from a science magazine and answer the questions.
The Komodo dragon is the largest lizard in the world. It can grow to three metres in length and can weigh about 135 kilograms. Despite its size and weight, it can run for short distances at up to 20 kilometres per hour.
The duck-billed platypus is a small egg-laying mammal (up to 60 cm in length) found only in Eastern Australia including Tasmania. As its name suggests, it has a mouth that looks like a duck’s bill, while its thick fur and flat tail are similar to those of a beaver.
As one of the oldest sea animals in the world, the nautilus has hardly changed in about 500 million years, and that is why it is often given the name “living fossil”.
They are all species that survived for thousands of years on earth; They are old and rare (unusual).
Jellyfish are soft-bodied，free-swimming aquatic animals with an umbrella-shaped bell.They are found in every ocean.
How can seeds travel How can this benefit plants
2. Can you think of another example of seeds travelling Share
it with the class.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Plants can have a better chance at life.
by the wind
by water
by animals
How can seeds travel How can this benefit plants
2. Can you think of another example of seeds travelling Share it with the class.
Seeds Traveling
by itself
by the wind
by the water
by the birds
by the animals
by the insects
Undesrtanding ideas
Look at the evolutionary tree and answer the questions.
evolutionary
tree
What species do you recognise in the picture
What factors can cause the process of evolution
paramecium 草履虫（单细胞生物）
jellyfish 水母（腔肠动物）
flatworm（扁形动物）
earthworm 蚯蚓（环节动物）
snail 蜗牛（软体动物）
crab 螃蟹（节肢动物）
starfish（棘皮动物）
fish（鱼类）
frog 青蛙（两栖动物）
turtle 海龟（爬行动物）
bird（鸟类）
zebra 斑马（哺乳动物）
human（人类）
algae（藻类）
moss（苔藓）
fern (蕨类)
gymnosperms（裸子植物）
angiosperm（被子植物）
horsehair worm（线形动物）
evolutionary
tree
The ever-changing environment of nature;
genetic mutation...
population immigration;
natural competition；
A Journey of Discovery
Pre-reading
Who made this discovery
What is the discovery
How did he make the discovery
Charles Robert Darwin
The theory of evolution
The Origin of Species
The British biologist, naturalist and the founder of Theory of Evolution. In his early years, he sailed around the world on the Beagle for five years, and observed and collected a lot of animals, plants and geological structures. He published the Origin of Species and put forward the theory of biological evolution.
Charles Robert Darwin
Feb 12th, 1809—Apr 19th, 1882
Darwin's Theory of Evolution is one of the basic foundations of modern science. It shows that plants and animals can change over time. The changes are usually small and difficult to detect, but they add up over many generations and can result in new species.
How did he make the discovery
Introduction
On his journey
Generate ideas
Look for more evidence
Develop ideas
Propose a theory
Conclusion
Para.1
Para.7
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
Para_____
Para______
Para_____
While-reading
The structure
1
2-5
The text is organized in order of ______.
time
Before
the journey
During
the journey
After
the journey
6-7
What's the genre of the passage
Exposition
Argumentation
Narration
What
Where
Who
Why
How
A Journey of Discovery
Darwin
Question: How did different species come to exist
England → South America
Galapagos
Islands
By ship — the Beagle
1831
1835
1839
On the Origin of Species
Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.
Darwin’s interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
Darwin’s journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.
Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
1. What is the function of para. 1
To praise Charles Darwin
To arouse readers’ interests
To introduce Charles Darwin’s achievements
To inform readers of Charles Darwin’s life
2. Which of the following statements about Charles Darwin is True
Darwin wanted to benefit from visiting little-known countries
Darwin quitted medical school due to his lack of money
Darwin’s father was satisfied with Darwin
Darwin’s made a significant scientific discovery thanks to his adventures on the ship Beagle
Para. 1: Introduction
Para. 2: On his journey
very similar to each other
various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collected
ON HIS JOURNEY
Darwin studied ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He noticed that some species of animals were ____________________________________
Para. 3: Generate ideas
GENERATE IDEAS
Darwin asked the questions:
How did different species_____________？
____________________________________________________________________
come to exist
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments？
premise All species were created by ________. Some species of animals were very __________ to each other.
The environment was ___________.
conclusion All species had appeared on Earth _________________, and had not ________ since. Maybe animals _________ as they ____________ their changing environments.
God
at the same time
changed
similar
changing
evolved
adapted to
Para. 4: Look for more evidence
LOOK FOR EVIDENCE
On the Galápagos Islands:
He noticed ____________________________________________________________________________
It seemed the beaks ____________________________________________________________________________
had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island
that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands
Para. 5: Develop ideas
DEVELOP IDEAS
Darwin suspected that the finches ________________________________________________________________________________________________
and it had ________________________________________________.
had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before
slowly evolved into many new species
A _________ ancestor
__________ into different species
common
evolve
Para. 6: Propose a theory
PROPOSE A THEORY
The Theory of Evolution: living things, including humans,
____________________________________________.
had evolved from lower forms of life
_______ to believe
people were _______
______ to believe
refused
shocked
started
Develop Ideas
Propose a theory
Look for
more evidence
Generate Ideas
On his journey
studied ___________________ and noticed some species were very ___________ to each other
Animals _________ as they adapted to their _________ environments
_______ of finches ________
Species________
The Theory of _________
various living things
similar
evolved
changing
Beaks
evolved
evolved
evolution
A Journey of Discovery
Para. 7: Conclusion
Journey on the ___________
Journey to discover _______________
The Theory of Evolution
ship Beagle
A Journey of Discovery
asked himself a question(generated an idea)
answered the question(developed an idea)
published the book (proposed a theory)
started his journey
Post-reading
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin’s theory？
At that time, many people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time and had not changed since, but Darwin’s theory proposed that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life, which, as a result, shocked many people.
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interests in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries.
How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exploration How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
Be a real explorer not just in study, but also in your life!
Language points
The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. 这次旅行使他有机会在自然环境中研究各种生物。
various adj. 各种各样的; 多方面的; 许多的
【语块积累】
vary vi. 变化; 不同; [生]变异
vary from . . . to 从……不同
variety n. 不同; 种类; 变化, 多样化 复数: varieties
a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的, 种种
【即学活用】
(1)To join the Party, he took an active part in __________ activities.
为了入党, 他积极参加各种活动。
(2)These data have been collected from _______ sources.
这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。
(3)Typing patterns _________ person to person.
打字模式因人而异。
a variety of
various
vary from
Language points
His room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. 他船上的房间里堆满了他收集的动植物标本。
be crowded with 拥塞; 挤满; 充满
【语块积累】
crowd in (想法、问题等) 涌上心头; 涌入脑海
be crowded with. . . 挤满了……
crowd into/out of 挤进/挤出
crowd around 聚集在……的周围
a crowd of 一群; 一伙; 一堆
crowds of 成群的……; 许多
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①The landscape of public health is ________ (crowd) with an ever growing
number of partnerships, initiatives, and implementing agencies.
②When species crowd ____ an area, they compete for resources and become
efficient at using them.
(2) ____________ gathered on a square outside the Kremlin walls.
一大群人聚集在克里姆林宫墙外的广场上。
crowded
into
A huge crowd
Language points
As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist 当他研究这些物种时, 他问了自己一个问题: 不同的物种是如何形成的
come to exist存在, 形成
【语块积累】
come across (偶然)遇见; 碰见 come into being 形成
come to/into power 上台执政, 当权 come to an end 结束
come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to the point 说到要点, 切中要害
come to life 苏醒过来, 变得活跃起来
come out 出现; 开花; 发行; 发表
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①President Trump has cracked down on Chinese trade since he came ____
power.
②Quite by accident, she came up ____ a brilliant and simple solution to the
challenging problem.
(2) _______________China’s economic development, most countries in the world have great expectations for our development prospects. 当谈到中国经济发展的时候, 世界上大多数国家都对我们的发展前景抱有很大期望。
into
with
When it comes to
Language points
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments 也许动物是在适应不断变化的环境时进化的
adapt vi. 适应于, 适应不同情况(或环境)(to)
【知识延伸】
adaptation n. 适应, 顺应; 改编, 改编本
adapted adj. 适合的 v. 使适应, 改编(adapt的过去式)
adaptable adj. 可适应的; 有适应能力的; 适合的; 可改编的
【语块积累】
adapt to (使)适合; (使)适应
adapt from 根据……改写(或改编); 改自
【易混辨析】
adopt与adapt
adopt是及物动词, 接名词或代词作宾语。作“采用, 采纳, 采取”解时, 后面常接方法、方针、步骤、政策、意见、态度、计划之类的名词; 作“正式通过或接受”解时, 后面常接报告、议案、决议、方案、计划之类的名词。
adapt vt. 改编; 使适应 vi. 适应。adapt的基本意思是通过必要的改动以适应新的条件或适于某事物。用作及物动词时意思是“使适应, 使适合”, 接sb. /sth. 作宾语, “适应”的客体常可用介词to引出。adapt还可特指“改编”“改写”, 这时其客体须由介词for或from 引出。
She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①She was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman _______ (adopt)her.
②These styles can be _______ (adapt) to suit individual tastes.
③She refused to give the child for ________ (adopt).
(2)It took him a while to ______________ the cold weather.
他过了好一阵子才适应了寒冷的天气。
(3)Children ________ a new environment more easily than adults.
儿童比成人更容易适应新的环境。
(4)It is well known that the film Red Sorghum is ____________ the novel of the same title by Mo Yan.
众所周知, 电影《红高粱》改编自莫言的同名小说。
adopted
adapted
adoption
adapt himself to
adapt to
adapted from
Language points
When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. 当贝格尔号在1835年到达加拉帕戈斯岛时, 达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种, 但最让他感兴趣的是鸟类。
【句式解构】
该句为复合句, when 引导时间状语从句, it was . . . that. . . 为强调句。
*(2018·天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 当汽车停在我们家前面时, 我们才看到莉莉坐在副驾驶座上。
快速掌握强调句
(1)强调句常用来突出说话人要强调的语言信息, 给对方以强烈的印象和感受。译成汉语时, 常加上 “正是”等字眼。
其基本结构: It + be的适当形式 + 被强调成分 + that (who) + 其他成分
He bought the book in this shop yesterday.
→It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he)
→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book)
→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)
【注意】
①在该强调结构中, It无任何意义但不可以换成this或者that等。
It is (was). . . that (who). . . 为结构词, 假如去掉, 剩下部分在语法结构和句子含义上均完整, 这一点正是它和定语从句等的本质区别。
②关于that与who
当被强调部分指人时, 可以用who/that; 当被强调部分指物时通常用that; 当被强调部分既包括人又包括物, 用that不用who。
It was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.
(2)特殊形式的强调句结构
强调句型的否定形式、一般疑问句形式、特殊疑问句形式:
①否定形式: It is/was not+被强调部分+that+其他成分.
It was not in England that Olympic Competitions first started.
②一般疑问句形式: Was/Is it + 被强调部分 + that+其他成分
Is it the girl in red that is your sister
③特殊疑问句形式: 特殊疑问词 + was/is it + that + 其他成分
What is it that you want me to do
Who was it that told you the news
When was it that he first came to China
Where was it that you met her
How was it that he solved the problem
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
②It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what
you are.
(2) ______during the Second World War ____ he died
他是在第二次世界大战期间死的吗
(3) _____________she took off her dark glasses ____ I realized she was a
famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜, 我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。
that
that
Was it
that
It was not until
that
Language points
But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. 但是达尔文的科学研究是如此有说服力, 以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
convincing adj. 令人相信的; 有说服力的
【语块积累】
convince vt. (convinced; convinced) 使相信, 说服; 使确信
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事
convince sb. that. . . . 使某人相信……
be convinced of sth. /that 确信; 承认……
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①He tried to convince them __ the safety of traveling by airplane.
②We are _________ (convince)that the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
will be a great success.
③There is now __________(convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.
(2)The acting is ________________ it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.
这表演如此有说服力以至于使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜之一了。
of
convinced
convincing
so convincing that
Review language points.
Do further research with your friends about why Darwin did not publish his Theory of Evolution until 1859, about twenty years after his discovery.
THANKS FOR WATCHING
Unit 5
Revealing
nature
Starting out & Understanding ideas
BY MICHELLE
Starting out
What do you know about these animals What makes them special
What other similar animals do you know about Share your knowledge with the class.
Look at the page from a science magazine and answer the questions.
The Komodo dragon is the largest lizard in the world. It can grow to three metres in length and can weigh about 135 kilograms. Despite its size and weight, it can run for short distances at up to 20 kilometres per hour.
The duck-billed platypus is a small egg-laying mammal (up to 60 cm in length) found only in Eastern Australia including Tasmania. As its name suggests, it has a mouth that looks like a duck’s bill, while its thick fur and flat tail are similar to those of a beaver.
As one of the oldest sea animals in the world, the nautilus has hardly changed in about 500 million years, and that is why it is often given the name “living fossil”.
They are all species that survived for thousands of years on earth; They are old and rare (unusual).
Jellyfish are soft-bodied，free-swimming aquatic animals with an umbrella-shaped bell.They are found in every ocean.
How can seeds travel How can this benefit plants
2. Can you think of another example of seeds travelling Share
it with the class.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Plants can have a better chance at life.
by the wind
by water
by animals
How can seeds travel How can this benefit plants
2. Can you think of another example of seeds travelling Share it with the class.
Seeds Traveling
by itself
by the wind
by the water
by the birds
by the animals
by the insects
Undesrtanding ideas
Look at the evolutionary tree and answer the questions.
evolutionary
tree
What species do you recognise in the picture
What factors can cause the process of evolution
paramecium 草履虫（单细胞生物）
jellyfish 水母（腔肠动物）
flatworm（扁形动物）
earthworm 蚯蚓（环节动物）
snail 蜗牛（软体动物）
crab 螃蟹（节肢动物）
starfish（棘皮动物）
fish（鱼类）
frog 青蛙（两栖动物）
turtle 海龟（爬行动物）
bird（鸟类）
zebra 斑马（哺乳动物）
human（人类）
algae（藻类）
moss（苔藓）
fern (蕨类)
gymnosperms（裸子植物）
angiosperm（被子植物）
horsehair worm（线形动物）
evolutionary
tree
The ever-changing environment of nature;
genetic mutation...
population immigration;
natural competition；
A Journey of Discovery
Pre-reading
Who made this discovery
What is the discovery
How did he make the discovery
Charles Robert Darwin
The theory of evolution
The Origin of Species
The British biologist, naturalist and the founder of Theory of Evolution. In his early years, he sailed around the world on the Beagle for five years, and observed and collected a lot of animals, plants and geological structures. He published the Origin of Species and put forward the theory of biological evolution.
Charles Robert Darwin
Feb 12th, 1809—Apr 19th, 1882
Darwin's Theory of Evolution is one of the basic foundations of modern science. It shows that plants and animals can change over time. The changes are usually small and difficult to detect, but they add up over many generations and can result in new species.
How did he make the discovery
Introduction
On his journey
Generate ideas
Look for more evidence
Develop ideas
Propose a theory
Conclusion
Para.1
Para.7
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
Para_____
Para______
Para_____
While-reading
The structure
1
2-5
The text is organized in order of ______.
time
Before
the journey
During
the journey
After
the journey
6-7
What's the genre of the passage
Exposition
Argumentation
Narration
What
Where
Who
Why
How
A Journey of Discovery
Darwin
Question: How did different species come to exist
England → South America
Galapagos
Islands
By ship — the Beagle
1831
1835
1839
On the Origin of Species
Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.
Darwin’s interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
Darwin’s journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.
Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
1. What is the function of para. 1
To praise Charles Darwin
To arouse readers’ interests
To introduce Charles Darwin’s achievements
To inform readers of Charles Darwin’s life
2. Which of the following statements about Charles Darwin is True
Darwin wanted to benefit from visiting little-known countries
Darwin quitted medical school due to his lack of money
Darwin’s father was satisfied with Darwin
Darwin’s made a significant scientific discovery thanks to his adventures on the ship Beagle
Para. 1: Introduction
Para. 2: On his journey
very similar to each other
various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collected
ON HIS JOURNEY
Darwin studied ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He noticed that some species of animals were ____________________________________
Para. 3: Generate ideas
GENERATE IDEAS
Darwin asked the questions:
How did different species_____________？
____________________________________________________________________
come to exist
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments？
premise All species were created by ________. Some species of animals were very __________ to each other.
The environment was ___________.
conclusion All species had appeared on Earth _________________, and had not ________ since. Maybe animals _________ as they ____________ their changing environments.
God
at the same time
changed
similar
changing
evolved
adapted to
Para. 4: Look for more evidence
LOOK FOR EVIDENCE
On the Galápagos Islands:
He noticed ____________________________________________________________________________
It seemed the beaks ____________________________________________________________________________
had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island
that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands
Para. 5: Develop ideas
DEVELOP IDEAS
Darwin suspected that the finches ________________________________________________________________________________________________
and it had ________________________________________________.
had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before
slowly evolved into many new species
A _________ ancestor
__________ into different species
common
evolve
Para. 6: Propose a theory
PROPOSE A THEORY
The Theory of Evolution: living things, including humans,
____________________________________________.
had evolved from lower forms of life
_______ to believe
people were _______
______ to believe
refused
shocked
started
Develop Ideas
Propose a theory
Look for
more evidence
Generate Ideas
On his journey
studied ___________________ and noticed some species were very ___________ to each other
Animals _________ as they adapted to their _________ environments
_______ of finches ________
Species________
The Theory of _________
various living things
similar
evolved
changing
Beaks
evolved
evolved
evolution
A Journey of Discovery
Para. 7: Conclusion
Journey on the ___________
Journey to discover _______________
The Theory of Evolution
ship Beagle
A Journey of Discovery
asked himself a question(generated an idea)
answered the question(developed an idea)
published the book (proposed a theory)
started his journey
Post-reading
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin’s theory？
At that time, many people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time and had not changed since, but Darwin’s theory proposed that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life, which, as a result, shocked many people.
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interests in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries.
How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exploration How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
Be a real explorer not just in study, but also in your life!
Language points
The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. 这次旅行使他有机会在自然环境中研究各种生物。
various adj. 各种各样的; 多方面的; 许多的
【语块积累】
vary vi. 变化; 不同; [生]变异
vary from . . . to 从……不同
variety n. 不同; 种类; 变化, 多样化 复数: varieties
a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的, 种种
【即学活用】
(1)To join the Party, he took an active part in __________ activities.
为了入党, 他积极参加各种活动。
(2)These data have been collected from _______ sources.
这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。
(3)Typing patterns _________ person to person.
打字模式因人而异。
a variety of
various
vary from
Language points
His room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. 他船上的房间里堆满了他收集的动植物标本。
be crowded with 拥塞; 挤满; 充满
【语块积累】
crowd in (想法、问题等) 涌上心头; 涌入脑海
be crowded with. . . 挤满了……
crowd into/out of 挤进/挤出
crowd around 聚集在……的周围
a crowd of 一群; 一伙; 一堆
crowds of 成群的……; 许多
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①The landscape of public health is ________ (crowd) with an ever growing
number of partnerships, initiatives, and implementing agencies.
②When species crowd ____ an area, they compete for resources and become
efficient at using them.
(2) ____________ gathered on a square outside the Kremlin walls.
一大群人聚集在克里姆林宫墙外的广场上。
crowded
into
A huge crowd
Language points
As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist 当他研究这些物种时, 他问了自己一个问题: 不同的物种是如何形成的
come to exist存在, 形成
【语块积累】
come across (偶然)遇见; 碰见 come into being 形成
come to/into power 上台执政, 当权 come to an end 结束
come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to the point 说到要点, 切中要害
come to life 苏醒过来, 变得活跃起来
come out 出现; 开花; 发行; 发表
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①President Trump has cracked down on Chinese trade since he came ____
power.
②Quite by accident, she came up ____ a brilliant and simple solution to the
challenging problem.
(2) _______________China’s economic development, most countries in the world have great expectations for our development prospects. 当谈到中国经济发展的时候, 世界上大多数国家都对我们的发展前景抱有很大期望。
into
with
When it comes to
Language points
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments 也许动物是在适应不断变化的环境时进化的
adapt vi. 适应于, 适应不同情况(或环境)(to)
【知识延伸】
adaptation n. 适应, 顺应; 改编, 改编本
adapted adj. 适合的 v. 使适应, 改编(adapt的过去式)
adaptable adj. 可适应的; 有适应能力的; 适合的; 可改编的
【语块积累】
adapt to (使)适合; (使)适应
adapt from 根据……改写(或改编); 改自
【易混辨析】
adopt与adapt
adopt是及物动词, 接名词或代词作宾语。作“采用, 采纳, 采取”解时, 后面常接方法、方针、步骤、政策、意见、态度、计划之类的名词; 作“正式通过或接受”解时, 后面常接报告、议案、决议、方案、计划之类的名词。
adapt vt. 改编; 使适应 vi. 适应。adapt的基本意思是通过必要的改动以适应新的条件或适于某事物。用作及物动词时意思是“使适应, 使适合”, 接sb. /sth. 作宾语, “适应”的客体常可用介词to引出。adapt还可特指“改编”“改写”, 这时其客体须由介词for或from 引出。
She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①She was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman _______ (adopt)her.
②These styles can be _______ (adapt) to suit individual tastes.
③She refused to give the child for ________ (adopt).
(2)It took him a while to ______________ the cold weather.
他过了好一阵子才适应了寒冷的天气。
(3)Children ________ a new environment more easily than adults.
儿童比成人更容易适应新的环境。
(4)It is well known that the film Red Sorghum is ____________ the novel of the same title by Mo Yan.
众所周知, 电影《红高粱》改编自莫言的同名小说。
adopted
adapted
adoption
adapt himself to
adapt to
adapted from
Language points
When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. 当贝格尔号在1835年到达加拉帕戈斯岛时, 达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种, 但最让他感兴趣的是鸟类。
【句式解构】
该句为复合句, when 引导时间状语从句, it was . . . that. . . 为强调句。
*(2018·天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 当汽车停在我们家前面时, 我们才看到莉莉坐在副驾驶座上。
快速掌握强调句
(1)强调句常用来突出说话人要强调的语言信息, 给对方以强烈的印象和感受。译成汉语时, 常加上 “正是”等字眼。
其基本结构: It + be的适当形式 + 被强调成分 + that (who) + 其他成分
He bought the book in this shop yesterday.
→It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he)
→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book)
→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)
【注意】
①在该强调结构中, It无任何意义但不可以换成this或者that等。
It is (was). . . that (who). . . 为结构词, 假如去掉, 剩下部分在语法结构和句子含义上均完整, 这一点正是它和定语从句等的本质区别。
②关于that与who
当被强调部分指人时, 可以用who/that; 当被强调部分指物时通常用that; 当被强调部分既包括人又包括物, 用that不用who。
It was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.
(2)特殊形式的强调句结构
强调句型的否定形式、一般疑问句形式、特殊疑问句形式:
①否定形式: It is/was not+被强调部分+that+其他成分.
It was not in England that Olympic Competitions first started.
②一般疑问句形式: Was/Is it + 被强调部分 + that+其他成分
Is it the girl in red that is your sister
③特殊疑问句形式: 特殊疑问词 + was/is it + that + 其他成分
What is it that you want me to do
Who was it that told you the news
When was it that he first came to China
Where was it that you met her
How was it that he solved the problem
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
②It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what
you are.
(2) ______during the Second World War ____ he died
他是在第二次世界大战期间死的吗
(3) _____________she took off her dark glasses ____ I realized she was a
famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜, 我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。
that
that
Was it
that
It was not until
that
Language points
But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. 但是达尔文的科学研究是如此有说服力, 以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
convincing adj. 令人相信的; 有说服力的
【语块积累】
convince vt. (convinced; convinced) 使相信, 说服; 使确信
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事
convince sb. that. . . . 使某人相信……
be convinced of sth. /that 确信; 承认……
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①He tried to convince them __ the safety of traveling by airplane.
②We are _________ (convince)that the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
will be a great success.
③There is now __________(convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.
(2)The acting is ________________ it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.
这表演如此有说服力以至于使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜之一了。
of
convinced
convincing
so convincing that
Review language points.
Do further research with your friends about why Darwin did not publish his Theory of Evolution until 1859, about twenty years after his discovery.
THANKS FOR WATCHING