2024年牛津译林版英语中考一轮复习：七年级下册Units5 ~8 复习讲义（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024年牛津译林版英语中考一轮复习：七年级下册Units5 ~8 复习讲义（含答案） |  | |
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中考一轮复习：七下U5-8复习
【入门测试】 Unit 5地球；大地n.________后部；背部n.________脂肪n.________事实n.________和…一样adv.________ ★________________像…一样任何人pron.________没有人，无人pron.________答复，回答vi.________发生vi.________每件事，一切pron.________搜查，搜寻，搜索vt.& vi.________拾起vt.________ ★________________拿起，举起随后，后来adv.________某人，有人pron.________以前adv.________蛇n.________蚂蚁n.________粉笔n.________三明治n.________没有prep.________★________________停止做某事★____________照例；像往常一样★________________坐下★________________转身；(使)翻转★________________在…路上★________________自言自语★________________逃离，跑开★________________前天★________________那天，前几天★________________害怕★________________再也不，不再★________________听说，知道★________________同时★________________遍及全世界★________________至少★________________请求；要Unit 6那么，那样adv.________兔，家兔n.________洞n.________在…旁边，靠近prep. adv.经过________经过，通过vi.& vt.________独自，单独adj.& adv.________注意，察觉vt.________到…里面prep.________侧，边n.________一段时间，时期n.________甜的adj.________足够地，充分地adv.________进入vt.________向，朝prep.________伸手(脚)够到vt.________★________________快点，赶快★________________站起来，起立★________________逃脱；离开★________________通过★________________搭，竖立★________________从那时起★________________一点，少许★________________太…而不能…Unit 7相信vt.________ ★________________信不信由你座位n.________甚至adv.________笔记本n.________募集vt.________勇敢的adj.________救，救助vt.________ ★_______________从…中救出…严重地，厉害地adv.________冲，奔vi.________新闻，消息n.________报纸n.________垃圾，废弃物n.________照相机n.________学期n.________努力地；费力地adv.________文章n.________小提琴n.________部分n.________ ★________________参加短缺，缺乏n.________到…为止conj.________★________________留神，当心★________________为……付款★________________扑灭★________________住院★________________顺便问一下，顺便说说★________________没问题★________________尽某人最大努力★________________…做得好★________________在…岁时★________________迷路★________________收到…的来信Unit 8宠物n.________膝，膝盖n.________握住，拿vt.________充分地adv.________树枝，枝条；棍，棒n.________打仗(架)；与…打仗(架)vi.& vt.________到…时，直到…为止prep._______终止；末尾，终点n.________麻烦n.________触摸，碰n.________任何地方adv.________重复vt.& vi.________同意；应允vi.& vt.________讲座；演讲n.________刷；擦vt.________篮子n.________★________________照顾★________________一直，总是★________________成长；长大成人词形拓展1.birth n．出生，诞生→________ adj.天生的2．sudden adj.突然的→________ adv.突然3．strange adj.奇怪的；陌生的→________ n．外来者，陌生人4．leave vt.离开→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词5．quick adj.快的→________ adv.迅速地，飞快地→________(反义词)adv.缓慢地6．wonder vi.& vt.琢磨，想知道；感到诧异n．奇迹→________ adj.精彩的，了不起7．careful adj.仔细的，认真的；小心的→________ n．照料，照顾→________ adv.仔细地，认真地；小心地→________ adj.粗心的→________ adv.粗心地→________ n．粗心8．he pron.他→________(人称代词宾格)pron.他→________(形容词性物主代词)pron.他的→________(名词性物主代词)pron.他的→________(反身代词)pron.他自己9．weak adj.虚弱的，无力的→________ n．缺点，不足10．surprise n．惊奇，诧异 vt.使惊奇，使措手不及→________ adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→________ adj.(物)令人吃惊的11．dry adj.干的；干燥的→________比较级→________最高级→________(反义词)adj.湿的；未干的；有雨的→________ n．吹风机；干衣机；干燥剂12．use n．使用，利用；用途→________ adj.有用的，有益的→________ adj.无用的→________ vt.再使用13.hurry vi.& n．急忙，匆忙→________过去式/过去分词 adj.匆忙的14．camping n．野营→________ n．营地；阵营15．ride vt.骑(马、自行车)等→________过去式 →________过去分词→________现在分词16．skating n．溜冰→________ v．溜冰17．watch n．手表→________复数18．fall vi.落下，掉落；倒→________过去式→________过去分词19．hit vt.到达；击中，撞→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词20．low adj.低的，矮的→________(反义词)adj.高的21．locked adj.锁上的→________ vt.锁22．wood n．木头，木材→________ adj.木制的23．century n．世纪，百年→________复数24．become linking v．开始变得，变成→________过去式→________过去分词→________现在分词25．excite vt.激动；使……兴奋→________ n．激动；兴奋→_______ adj.激动的→_______ adj.激动人心的26．decide vt.& vi.决定→________ n．决定27．forget vi.& vt.忘记→________过去式→________过去分词→________ adj.难以忘怀的28．climb vi.& vt.爬，攀登→________ n．登山者，攀爬者29．fail vi.& vt.失败→________ n．失败30.able adj.能，能够→_______ n．能力→________ n．缺陷，障碍→________(反义词)adj.不能的，不会的31．send vt.发送；邮寄→________过去式/过去分词32．pay vi.& vt.付费→________过去式/过去分词33．hurt adj.受伤的 vt.& vi.使受伤，伤害；疼→________过去式/过去分词34．protect vt.保护→________ n．保护；保卫35．burn vt.& vi.烧伤；烧→________过去式/过去分词36．nod vi.& vt.点头→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词37．smoke n．烟，烟雾 vi.& vt.吸(烟)，抽(烟)→________ n．吸烟38．show vt.教；演示；展示→________过去式→________过去分词39．lose vt.迷失；丢失→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词40．mouse n．老鼠，耗子→________复数41．feed vt.喂，喂养→________过去式/过去分词42．teach vt.教→________过去式/过去分词43．poem n．诗歌→________ n．诗人44．hide vi.& vt.藏，隐藏→________过去式→________过去分词→________现在分词45．build vt.建造，建→________过去式/过去分词→________ n．建筑物，房子，楼房46．weigh linking v．重；有…重→________ n．重量47．noise n．声音，响声；噪音→________ adj.吵闹的，嘈杂的
【知识梳理】 一、语法精讲 U5U6语法——一般过去时 我们用一般过去时来谈论在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 Ⅰ.一般过去时的基本用法 1. 带有确定的过去时间状语：just now, yesterday, yesterday morning, two days ago, last year, the other day（前几天）， in the old days（过去的日子里）, in 1999等。 2. 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去时间的状语，而是通过上下文表示。 First I finished my homework. Then I played the piano. Next I watered the plants. After that, I watched a film on TV with my father. 3. 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always, never连用。 Mrs Green always carried an umbrella. （说明是过去的动作，不表明她现在是否带着伞） Ⅱ.动词过去式的构成规则 1. 规则动词的过去式的构成 ①在动词原形后直接加ed。 listen―listened open―opened finish―finished ②以不发音的e结尾的动词加d。 like―liked close―closed use―used ③重读闭音节末尾仅有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。 drop―dropped plan―planned stop―stopped ④以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加ed。 worry―worried study―studied U7语法——情态动词can/could/may can表示某人具有某种能力，意思为“能，会”，也表示客观的可能性，是“能够，可能”的意思。后接动词原形，适用于所有人称。 ①表示能力，意为“能，会”。（be able to/could） Millie can play the piano． could为can的过去式，表示“能，可以”。 Could you swim when you were young No, I couldn’t. (问能力) ②表示许可，意为“可以”。（could/may） You can use my pen． 情态动词could表示一种委婉的语气，比用can表达更有礼貌，may较正式。 Could we picnic here May I see the letter ③表示推测，意为“可能，会”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 Can he be there He can’t have finished his work． 【举一反三】 1. He asked me for this book many times．Please tell him that he______have it tomorrow. A．must B．may C．shall D．Both B and C 2. --Will your brother stay home tonight --I’m not quite sure. He _______ to the cinema tonight. A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going 3. You_____ return the book now．You can keep it till next week if you like． A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not U7语法——感叹句 感叹句用来表示强烈的感情，能表达愤怒、悲哀、惊奇、厌恶和赞赏等。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调。在口语中常用省略句，后面的主语和谓语往往省略，有时只用一个词或词组表达。 1. 以what开头的感叹句，句型：What（+a/an）+形容词+名词（+主语（代词）+谓语）! What a clever boy (he is )! What an interesting story (it is) ! 2. 以how开头的感叹句，句型：How+形容词／副词（+主语（名词或代词）+谓语）! How blue the sky is ! How kind you are! 【举一反三】 (1) —________ fine weather it is! Shall we go hiking in the hills —Why not A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (2) ________ popular festival Halloween is in North America! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (3) My family went camping by the lake happily. ________ good time we had yesterday! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a (4)________ enjoyable The Reader is! I like the TV programme. A．How B．How a C．What a D．What (5)_________great fun we had at the party last night! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a (6) ________ bad day! It's raining hard. We have to stay at home. A．How a B．What a C．How D．What (7)________heavy smoke it is ! The house must be on fire . A. What B. How C. What a D. How a (8)________ interesting person our English teacher is! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a (9) —______ your little sister looks in the new skirt! —Thank you. A. What a beautiful B. How a beautiful C. What beautiful D. How beautiful (10) —________ sweet the flowers smell in spring! —Yes, many tourists come to enjoy them every day. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a U8语法——形容词 形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。 1. 形容词可以放在名词前作定语。 adj.+n. It was a windy day. Can you hear a strange noise 2. 形容词放在系动词后作表语。 系动词+ adj. 英语中的常见的连系动词有：be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn 等。（一be, 二保持keep, stay三变become, turn get, , 五个感官look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。） She is honest and helpful. The garden looks so beautiful. The plan sounds good. 3. 形容词放在不定代词后作后置定语。 不定代词+adj. There is nothing wrong with my computer.
[拓展] 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）、出处、材料性质、类别、名词。 a famous French medical school an expensive German sports car 口诀：“美小圆旧黄，法国木书屋” U8语法——不定代词 我们常用不定代词指代某个不特定的人或物。 1. 不定代词some-常用于肯定句。疑问句中，如果希望得到对方肯定的回答，也会用some-。 somebody/someone表示“某人”，something表示“某物”。 There is someone at the door. Would you like something to drink 2. 不定代词any-常用于否定句或疑问句，anybody/anyone表示“任何人”或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思意思则用于疑问句和否定句。 anything表示“其物”。 I didn’t see anybody. Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 3. 不定代词no-有否定含义，no one/nobody表示“没有人”。 nobody =not anyone, nothing=not anything。 I saw nobody there.=I did not see anybody/anyone there. There is nothing in the box. 4. 不定代词every-可以用于各种句式中。everybody/everyone的意思是“每个人，人人” everything的意思是“每件事，一切”。 Is everybody/everyone here Everything is ready. 注意:不定代词一般都被视作单数，谓语动词用单数。 【拓展】形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。 We’re looking for someone special. There is nothing wrong with my computer. 二、知识点精讲 U5 1. The world is full of amazing things. 这个世界充满了令人惊奇的事情。 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的，惊人的（指物）amazed adj.感到惊讶的（指人） surprised & surprising excited & exciting interested & interesting tired & tiring 2. Fish sleep with their eyes open. 鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。 “with+名词+形容词/介词短语” 在句中做伴随状语 with light on with door open 3. Our eyes are the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing.我们的眼睛从出生起就一样大，但我们的鼻子和耳朵从未停止生长。 be the same as... 与...相同（same之前必须加the) be the same +名词+ as... 与...某方面相同 be the same size as... =be as big/large as... 和…一样大小 be the same age as... =be as old as... 和...一样年龄 反义词组为 be different from 与...不同 from birth 从出生之时起 at birth = when sb. was/were born在出生时 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. = stop for sth. 停下（手头上的事）去做另一件事 stop to have meals=stop for meals 停下来去吃饭 stop doing A to do B 停止做A去做B 4. The Sun is about 1,300,000 times larger than the Earth. 太阳大约比地球大130万倍。 time作不可数名词，意为“时间”；作可数名词，意为“倍数；次数；时代” ... times as big as... 是...几倍大 ... times larger than... 比...大...倍 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er和-est构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2)以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r和-st构成。 wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er和-est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4)以-y结尾,但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y去掉,加上-ier和-iest构成。 happy (原级) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5)以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。 big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6)双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)more beautiful (比较级) most beautiful (最高级) difficult (原级) more difficult (比较级)most difficult (最高级) 形容词比较级的用法: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 Our teacher is taller than we are. 形容词最高级的用法: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is the best student in her class. 5. Nobody replied．没有人作答。 reply to sb. /sth. 对…作出回答 = answer sb./sth. 6. They left the park quickly. 他们很快离开了公园。 leave= run/run away离开 leave作动词，意为“离开，使...处于某种状态”。 leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 动身去某地 leave +出发地+for+目的地 leave sth.+地点 把某物遗忘在某地 7. On their way home, they met Andy. 在回家的路上，他们遇到了安迪。 way作名词，意为 “路；路线”，the way to表示“去某地的路”。 way还可意为 “方法；方式”等。 in this/that wayby the wayin the wayin no way
【举一反三】 1.Which is the way__________ your school 【答案】to 2. ___________his way to school, he helped an old man. 【答案】on 8. What happened 发生了什么事？ happen 发生（偶然）/take place发生（计划） sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 9. He searched the bushes. 他搜索了灌木丛。 ①search +sb./sth.=look for sb./sth. Lily is searching her English book in her schoolbag. ②search sp. for sb./sth. 到某地搜寻某人/某物 = look for sb./sth. +地点 The police searched the house for the lost boy. ③search sb. for sth. 为找到某物而对某人搜身 The policeman searched him for the wallet, but didn’t find it. 10. Millie and Amy were very surprised. 米莉和艾米非常惊讶。 be surprised at ... 对...感到惊讶 be surprised to do sth. 惊讶地做某事 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 It’s surprising that+句子 令人惊奇的是 surprised 表示人感到吃惊的，惊奇的，惊讶的，诧异的 surprising 表示事物令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的，出人意料的 11. He can write with one hand and draw with the other at the same time.他可以同时一只手写字，另一只手画。 one…the other…“（两者中的）一个…另一个…” other adj. 其他的 +复数名词 常用others在具体语境中指代“其他的人或事物” another adj.& adv. 三者及三者以上另一，又一 强调“再，又” the others 在具体的语境中特指其他的人或事物 We should be friendly to_________ people. Mr. Sun has two sons. One is a doctor, _________ is a teacher. There are many beautiful flowers on___________ side of the river. Students shouldn’t copy __________ homework. I will be busy tomorrow. Let’s make it ________ time. Some of the students are hard-working, but how about ___________ 12. I am not afraid of animals any more = I am no more afraid of animals. 我不再害怕动物了。 not…any more 不再，再也不…=no more 13. We spent three hours in the museum. 我们在博物馆呆了三个小时。 辨析：take、cost、spend、pay ①I have to them 20 pounds for this room each month. A.pay B.paid C.cost D.took ②--What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive. --No, they only 10 yuan. A. spent B.took C.paid D. cost ③It will me too much time to read this book. A.take B.cost C. spend D.pay ④This science book me a great amount of money. A.took B.cost C.used D.spent ⑤I two hours on this maths problem yesterday. A.take B.cost C.pay D.spent ⑥How much does your new bike_____？I 300 yuan it. A.pay, spend, on B.cost, buy,for C.spend, paid, on D.cost, paid,for 14. I heard of a young man. 我听说过一个年轻人。 hear of=hear about 听说 hear+(that)从句 听说... hear from sb.=get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事的全过程或经常听到 hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 Did you hear of/about the amazing news I hear (that) ants can smell things well. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. U6 1. Hurry up, Eddie. 快点，埃迪。 Hurry up, or you will be late. in a hurry 匆忙地；仓促地 hurry to sp. 匆忙赶到某地 hurry to do sth.=be hurried to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=be in a hurry to do sth.=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事 2. Hobo, carry it for me. 霍波，帮我拿包吧。 【bring, carry 和take辨析】 bring表示“拿来”（从远到近） take表示“拿走”（从近到远） carry表示“搬、运” ____________ me my food here, please. You can read the book here but you can’t ______ it home. Trains _______ more things than trucks. 3.You complain too much. 你抱怨太多了。 complain to sb. 向某人抱怨 complain about/of sth. 抱怨某事 【too much和much too的区别】 too much作副词短语，意为“太多”，可用在不可数名词前或动词之后。 much too常用在修饰形容词或副词之前，意为“太”，表示程度。 He is much too tired because he has too much work to do and he worked too much. 4. What outdoor activity would you like to try 你想尝试什么户外活动？ outdoor adj. 户外的，反义词是indoor, “室内的”。 Football is an outdoor game. outdoors adv. 在户外，在野外 Don’t always let him play outdoors. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人全力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try on 试穿 have a try 试一下 5. She looked up and saw a white rabbit in a coat passing by.她抬头看见一只穿着大衣的白兔经过。 look up 向上看；查阅 pass sp. = v.+past sp. 经过某地 pass by = walk by 经过，走过 pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth. 经常看见某人做某事或看见某人某个动作的全过程 6. Alice fell for a long time, and then she hit the ground. 爱丽丝掉了很长一段时间，接着她撞到了地面。 fall-fell-fallen fall down 倒下；落下 fall asleep 入睡 fall off…从…掉下 fall behind 落后；落在…的后面 fall in love with…爱上… hit-hit-hit hit + sb.+on/in + the + 身体部位 “打某人身体的某个部位” 7. She found herself alone in a long, low hall. 她发现自己独自一人在一个又长又低的大厅里。 find sb./sth.+adj. 发现/觉得某人或某物处于某种状态 【alone 和lonely的区别】 alone“单独的，独自的”，强调单独一人，客观事实，不含感彩，只能做表语He never feels lonely when he is alone. lonely“孤独的，寂寞的”，带有强烈的感彩，可以做定语或表语。
8. She looked down and saw that her body became smaller and smaller. smaller and smaller 越来越小， 结构：“比较级+and +比较级”表示“越来越…” more and more beautiful 越来越美 ，“more and more + 多音节形容词原级” 当想表示一方随另一方的变化而变化时，结构：“the+比较级，the +比较级”，表示“越…, (就)越… ” The harder you work, the more you will get. 9. Soon Alice was small enough to go through the door, so she decided to enter the garden. 很快，爱丽丝就小到可以穿过门了，所以她决定进入花园。 enough可作副词可作形容词，意为“足够地（的），充分地（的）”，常放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后。 adj./adv.+ enough to do sth 足够…可以做某事 He is tall enough to get that apple. We have enough money to buy them. decide作动词，意为“决定，下决心”，它的名词形式是decision，意为“决定，决心”。 decide to do sth.= make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 decide on 决定，下决心 enter作动词，意为“进入，加入”，相当于come/go into。 enter the classroom= go into the classroom 10. When she walked towards the door, she forgot about the key.当她走向门口时，她忘了带钥匙。 11. Alice had to go back to the table, but she was too small to reach the key. 爱丽丝不得不回到桌子旁边，但是她太小了，够不着钥匙。 too adj./adv. to do sth. 太…而不能做某事 【拓展：“too... to”可与“not... enough to”结构互换。】 = 迈克年纪太小了，不能上学。 reach sth. 够到某物 reach for sth. 伸手/伸脚去够某物 reach sp. = get to sp.= arrive in/at sp. 到达某地 12. from then on from then on意为“从那时起”，与一般过去时连用 from now on意为“从现在起” 与一般将来时连用 13. He practised playing volleyball with his friends. 他和他的朋友练习打排球。 practise sth./doing sth. practise作动词，意为“练习；实践”，后接名词，代词；后接动词时，须接动词的ing形式。 practice作名词，意为“练习；训练”。在美式英语中practice本身也是动词形式。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 【举一反三】 1. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs _______ it every day. A. practise to speak B. to practise speaking C. practise speaking D. to practise to speak 【答案】B 2. He always practices_________(play) the guitar in his free time. 【答案】playing U7 1. Look out，Eddie ! 当心，埃迪！ look out意为“向外看；小心”，相当于be careful。单独使用时，后面不接宾语。 look out后接其他介词时，要带宾语。 look out at ..．向外看… We look out at the beach. look out of 朝…外看 Don’t look out of the door. 2. Believe it or not! 信不信由你！ believe sb./sth. 相信某人（的话）/相信某事 believe in sb. 信任某人 3. We can send some books to them. 我们可以给他们送些书。 send-sent-sent send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb. (give/show/lend/pass传递) borrow sth. from sb. buy sb sth.= buy sth. for sb. 拓展： ①send up 发射 ②send for （派人去）请来 4. Some children are not even able to pay for school. 一些孩子甚至不能付上学的钱。 be able to do sth.=can/could do sth. disabled 残疾的 sb. pay for sth. 某人付钱买某物 sb. spend +时间/金钱（in）doing sth./ on sth. 某人花费时间、金钱做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费了某人多长时间 sth. cost sb.+ 金钱 某物花了某人多少钱 5. He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire. 他足够勇敢将他的邻居从火中救了出来。 save . . . from意为“从…中救出…”。 save还有“节省，节约；储蓄，保存”的意思。 6.Suddenly he heard someone shouting “ Fire! Fire!” 忽然他听到有人喊：“着火了！着火了！” hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作发生的过程。 I heard Lily singing in her room when I went to bed. 7. He was in hospital for two weeks. 他在医院住了两个星期。 in hospital意思是“生病住院”，而in the hospital意思为“在医院里”。 类似的结构还有： go to school去上学 go to the school去学校 at table坐下吃饭 at the table坐在桌子旁 8. Later some firemen came and put out the fire. 后来一些消防队员来了，把火扑灭了。 put out 扑灭 put away 收拾好，放好 put on穿上 put up举起；张贴 put off 推迟 put .into.把..放进 ；花费，投入（时间、心思等) 9. Keep your hair away from fire. 让头发要远离火。 keep . . . away from sth （使）不靠近或远离…… protect sb. from... 保护某人免受...的伤害 10. I’m afraid you can’t, but you may stay there till 5 pm if you want to．恐怕你不能，但如果你想，你可以待在那儿直到下午五点。 till既可作介词也可作连词，意为“直到；直到…之止”。 not . . . till/until . . . 意为 “直到…才…” 当主句中的动词为延续性动词时，可以直接用until/till来表示“到…为止”，而当句中的动词为非延续性动词时，则用not . . . until/till 来表示“直到…才开始”。 She didn’t hear from her son till last Friday. I will look after him until the end. 【举一反三】 1. When I go out in the evening, my dog never goes to bed _________ I come back. A. after B. later C. till D. if 【答案】C 11. She does not do her best this term.这一学期她没有尽全力。 do one’s best意为“尽全力”，相当于try one’s best. We will do/try our best to learn English well. 12. We look forward to hearing from you soon. 我们期待很快收到你的来信。 look forward to doing 盼望，期盼做某事 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 write (a letter) to sb. 给某人写信 13. We can raise some money for them to buy these things. 我们可以募集一些钱给他们买 这些物品。 raise及物动词，意为“募集”。 raise money for…意为“为……筹钱”。 The students are raising money for a sick girl． 拓展:raise作及物动词时，还可意为“举起，提高，饲养”。 Please raise your hand to answer this question． Don’t raise your voice． Some people raise cows in my hometown． 14. He is a member of our Project Hope and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need. 他是我们希望工程的一名成员，经常参加一些为有需要的孩 子筹集衣物和书本的活动。 be a member of… 是…的一名成员 in (great) need of sth. （急）需要某物 take part in …参加（活动） join 参加（组织，群体） U8 1. Please bring me something to eat. (过去式brought) 请给我拿些吃的东西。 bring sb sth= bring sth to sb，意为“给某人拿来某物” 不定代词＋ to do give me something to eat 2. How rude you are! 你真粗鲁！ rude为形容词，意为“粗鲁的，不礼貌的”，用作定语或者表语。 how引导的感叹句句型：How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语）！ How fast he runs! How kind the girl is! 3. He can sing, and I want to teach him to speak. 他会唱歌,而且我想教他说话。 teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 teach sb. how to do sth.教某人如何做某事 teach oneself to do sth.=learn to do sth. by oneself自学做某事 4. I will look after him until the end. 我将照顾他一直到最后。 look after ...well=take good care of... 照顾好... 句中until的意思是“直到...时候”，相当于till,但until比till更加正式，until多用于句首。 not... until... 直到...才... She didn’t hear from her son until last Friday. at the end of 在...尽头/末端 in the end=at last=finally 最后，终于 5. Some people are afraid of him. 一些人害怕他。 be afraid of sth.害怕某物 be afraid to do sth.害怕去做某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 6. Goldfish are quiet and easy to look after. 金鱼很安静且容易照料。 主语 + be + adj. to do = It + be + adj. + to do sth. English is easy to learn. = It is easy to learn English. 7. There’s nothing wrong with keeping a snake if you like it. 如果你喜欢的话,养一条蛇也没什么问题。 There’s nothing wrong with doing sth. 做某事没什么问题。 8. A goldfish weighs about 40 grams. 一条金鱼重约40克。 weigh动词，意为“重；承重；称…的重量”。 weigh up to 重达… weight名词，意为“体重；重量”。 9. keep a pet at home 在家养宠物 keep sth 饲养... keep sth adj 使某物保持某种状态 keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 【举一反三】 一、单项选择 1. There is "L" on the bag, so it must be Lucy's. She is old friend of mine. A. a; an B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the 2. Mrs. Smith helps me a lot my English. I often ask her help. A. on; for B. with; for C. with; about D. for; with 3. I felt tired and went back to the for a rest. A. cinema B. h otel C. station D. hospital 4. —Tom left without saying goodbye to . —Well, he was in a hurry and he just left a note on the desk. A. someone B. nobody C. anyone D. everyone 5. Can you it I didn't follow you just now. A. repeat B. remember C. reply D. report 6. My neighbor usually my dog for me when I am away. A. looks for B. looks at C. looks up D. looks after 7. There are rooms on this floor. The one is Tom's. A. fifth; five B. five; fifth C. fifth; fifth D. five; five 8. —I failed the driving test again, Mum. —Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A. can't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. wouldn't 9. —The people in Super Brain can work out different kinds of difficult problems. — they are! A. What an interesting B. How an interesting C. What amazing D. How amazing 10. —Say hello to your parents for me when you see them, OK —Thanks. I . A. do B. will C. am D. did 11. Our English teacher looks so tired these days. He should stop so hard. A. works B. worked C. working D. to work 12. My uncle put meat between two pieces of bread and it ten minutes ago. A. eat B. ate C. eats D. will eat 13. — will your father be back —In ten minutes. Please call him then. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much 14. —Jacky, tell me something about your English learning, will you — ，I got 100 points twice last month. A. Sorry to tell you B. Hurry up C. By the way D. Believe it or not 15.—Would you like to play basketball with us this afternoon, Bob — . I have a date(约会)with Linda. A. I'd like to B. I'm afraid not C. Sounds good D. You're welcome 【答案】1-5 CBBCA 6-10 DBADB 11-15 CBCDB 二、词汇 1. Lots of left-behind children are not happy (没有)their parents around them. 2. The white (老鼠)in the cage look quite lovely. 3. Ben (隐藏)in the bushes, so it took us a long time to find him. 4. Your dog /f : t/ with my cat five minutes ago. 5. My uncle f the driving test again. He looked very sad. 6. I think we Chinese have the (able ) to make China's Dream come true. 7. His left leg was ( bad) hurt when he fell off the bike. 8. When I walked past the teachers' office, I heard someone (sing) in it. 9. The idea sounds wonderful. Who first (think) of it 10. My cousin is old enough to dress (she). 1. without 2. mice 3. hid 4. fought 5. failed 6. ability 7. badly 8. singing 9. thought 10. herself 三、完形填空 “If I ran my business the way you people operate your school, I wouldn’t be in business very long!” I said before a group of angry teachers. I was a manager at an ice cream company that became 1 when People magazine chose our blueberry as the “Best Ice Cream In America.” As soon as I finished, a woman raised her hand. To my surprise, she appeared 2 and pleasant. “We are told, sir, that you 3 a company that makes good ice cream.” I replied proudly, “Best ice cream in America, Madam.” “Sir,” she said, “when you are standing on your receiving dock (码头) and you see a shipment of blueberries of poor quality 4 , what do you do ” At once, I knew the question was a trap (陷阱), but I wasn’t going to 5 . “I send them back.” “That’s right!” she raised her voice, “but we can 6 send back our blueberries. We take them big, small, rich, poor, gifted, confident, homeless, rude, and brilliant. We take them all! And that, sir, is why it’s not a(n) 7 . It’s school.” All 290 teachers jumped to their feet and yelled, “Yeah! Blueberries! Blueberries!” And so began my long transformation (转变). Since then, I have visited hundreds of schools. I have learned that a school is not a business. For one thing, schools are unable to 8 the quality of their raw (未加工过的) material. Yet it doesn’t refuse the need for change. We must change how we teach to give all children the chance to become 9 . But educators cannot do this alone. These changes can happen only with the understanding, trust, permission, and active 10 of the whole society. Therefore, to improve public education means more than changing our schools. It means changing the whole country. 1．A．strong B．special C．famous D．busy 2．A．polite B．shy C．confident D．honest 3．A．buy B．visit C．sell D．manage 4．A．leave B．arrive C．disappear D．move 5．A．lie B．stop C．agree D．follow 6．A．ever B．never C．also D．just 7．A．blueberry B．ice cream C．business D．magazine 8．A．use B．notice C．improve D．control 9．A．peaceful B．successful C．thankful D．powerful 10．A．activities B．chances C．support D．education 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 四、阅读理解 Imagine your home is in the center of a big circle. Everything you need is a 10-minute walk away. How convenient! Recently, a group of architects（建筑师） from South Korea decided to make this a reality. They are planning a city with everything people need—including living areas, offices and entertainment（娱乐） areas—within a 10-minute walk from home. When explaining why they wanted to build such a city, Ben van Berkel, a leader of company UNStudio, said people’s daily life experience is the most important. The “10-minute city” is so convenient that it won’t take people much time to travel elsewhere. “With time that is saved, more time is created,” Berkel told CNN. The idea of such a city is not new. In 2016, French-Colombian researcher Carlos Moreno put forward the 15-minute city idea. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it more popular. During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with less chance to go out of their communities. Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. She said that before the pandemic, she liked to play soccer or go dancing. But during the pandemic, she had to give them up as no such entertainment areas or facilities（设备）were in her community. “It is gloomy, lonely and inconvenient,” Ezzet complained（抱怨）. But not everyone likes the idea. Some people say it would further concentrate（集中） wealth in the most convenient areas, resulting in high house prices. So, should people stop considering this idea Maybe not. As Bobulescu, a French professor, said. “The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little.” 43．According to the article, which of the following is TRUE ________ A．A group of architects from France decided to make “10-minute city” a reality. B．A group of architects are planning a city with only necessary things people need. C．Paloma Ezzet couldn’t play soccer during the pandemic. D．Everyone likes the idea of the “10-minute city”. 44．The meaning of the underlined phrase “put forward” is similar to ________. A．come up with B．look forward to C．carry on with D．agree with 45．What does the writer think about the idea of the “10-minute city” according to the last paragraph ________ A．Worried B．Doubtful C．Questionable D．Positive 43．C 44．A 45．D ① Sometimes, I wasted a lot of time doing foolish things. I tried to make a canoe from a tree trunk (树干). I chopped down a huge tree which took me thirty-four days. It took a month to shape it into a boat and another three months to make it hollow (空心的), I was pleased to see that it was large enough to carry twenty men. I could easily take all my things with me. ② The canoe was only one hundred metres from the water, but I could not move it. It was too heavy. I thought I could dig a canal (运河) to the boat. I later worked out that it would take ten tears to dig this canal! This was too long, I thought. “I should have thought of this before I started.” ③ ④ I thought how happy I would be if I could run away from the island. When I realized that I could not move the boat and get it into the water, I changed my mind. I had a very nice home. I had more than enough food. I also thought that it might be dangerous to go to the land that I had seen from the other side of the island. There were probably savage people there that might kill me and even eat me. Perhaps they were cannibals (食人族). I knew that cannibals lived in this part of the world. I decided that it was probably better to stay on the island. At least I was safe there. —Adapted from Robinson Crusoe 46．How long did Robinson spend finishing the canoe ________ A．Thirty—four days. B．A month. C．Three months. D．More than five months. 47．Robinson thought he could ________ to put the canoe into the water. A．move it by hand B．dig a canal C．work out the length of the canoe D．make a special tool 48．It’s better to put “While working on the boat, I always thought about one thing.” in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 49．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________. A．Robinson would continue digging a canal B．Robinson would try to make another boat C．Robinson would probably stay on the island for a period of time D．Robinson would go to the land where savage people lived 46．D 47．B 48．D 49．C Mike was a student. He got a part-time job at the zoo. On his first day, the boss took him to the gorilla cage. It was empty. The gorilla was sick and couldn’t be there for a week. The boss asked the student to put on a gorilla suit and sit in the cage. This way the people would have something to look at. “It sounds fun to me,” said Mike. The next day, he put on the suit and climbed into the cage. Soon there was a crowd of children coming to see the gorilla. “I should do something to make them happy.” Mike thought to himself. Mike caught a rope in the cage and started to swing（摇晃）. He swung higher and higher. He flew out and dropped down into the next cage. A large group of people crowded to watch in fear and terror. Mike lost his rope and dropped right into the lion cage. The lion jumped on his back. Mike was sure he would die. Then he heard a voice from behind. “Shut up, or you’ll get us both fired!” 54．The gorilla cage at the zoo was empty because ________. A．there was no real gorilla in the zoo B．the gorilla was sick and couldn’t be there for a week C．the gorilla dropped into the lion cage D．the gorilla went out to have fun 55．Mike felt ________ after hearing what the boss said about his work. A．bored B．tired C．amazed D．interested 56．Why did Mike catch a rope and start to swing in the cage ________ A．To make the boss happy. B．To please the lion in the lion cage. C．To make children coming to see the gorilla happy. D．To kill his time. 57．From the story, we know that the lion was ________. A．worth seeing in the zoo B．healthy and strong C．going to eat Mike D．not a real one either 54．B 55．D 56．C 57．D 五、任务型阅读 How will China change over the next five to ten years The country’s future was recently discussed at the two sessions (两会) from March 4 to 11. A draft outline of the 14th Five-year Plan (2021-2025) was approved (通过). The 14th Five-year Plan has drawn great attention, since we consider this period as the start of China’s journey to fully build a modern socialist country. Here are some of the changes it includes. Research and development (R&D) Larger 5G networks and robot waiters will become more common in China. The country’s spending on R&D will go up by more than 7 percent per year during the 14th Five-year Plan period. This means that the government will build more labs. There will be more science and technology programs. The government will give research institutes (研究机构) more money to buy experimental equipment and pay salaries to researchers Forest coverage There will be steady (稳定的) growth in Chinas forest coverage, going from 23.04 percent in 2020 to 24.1 by 2025. This is higher than the global average figure of 22 percent. China will also use more clean energy sources, such as solar and wind energy. Life expectancy The life expectancy (顶期寿命) of Chinese citizens is expected to increase by one year during the 14th Five-year Plan period. Life expectancy in China now is 77.3 years, higher than the average of medium-and-high-income countries. Public fitness programs will be carried out to raise life expectancy. For example, more exercise equipment will be built in communities. Years of education received by the working-age population The working-age population means those aged 15 to 64. Normally the more education the working-age population receives, the better products and services they’ll produce. By 2025, the working-age population will receive 11.3 years of education on average. This means most people will at least finish high school before getting a job. To realize this, the government will develop better and fairer education. For example, it will provide better schooling for children of rural migrant workers (农民工) in cities. It will continue to encourage universities to enroll (录取) more students from rural areas. A Quick Look at the 14th Five-year Plan IntroductionDuring the two sessions from March 4 to 11, China’s future was discussed. This period is 56 as the start of China’s journey to fully build a modern socialist country. Research and development (R&D)There will be more 5G networks and robot waiters in China. The country’s spending on research and development will 57 by more than 7 percent per year. The government will 58 research institutes with more money to buy more experimental equipment and pay salaries to researchers. Forest coverageChina’s forest coverage will 59 steadily and hit 24.1 percent by 2025. China will use more clean energy sources, including the energy from the 60 _ and wind. Life expectancyDuring the 14th Five-year Plan period, Chinese citizens are expected to live one year 61 than now. Public fitness programs will be carried out, like 62 more exercise equipment in communities. Years of education received by the working-age populationIf people receive more education, they will produce 63 products and services. By 2025, most people won’t get a job 64 they finish high school. Students from rural areas will have more 65 to enter universities.
56.considered 57.increase/rise 58provide 59.grow 60.sun 61.longer 62.building 63.better 64. until/unless 65.chances/opportunities 六、首字母填空 There are about 76 different kinds of whales and dolphins around the world. Though they live in water, whales and dolphins are not f____66____. They are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物), like cats, dogs, and humans. Their babies are born alive and feed on mother’s milk. Mammals cannot b____67____underwater as fish do. Most whales and dolphins must come up for air after several minutes. A few, though, can stay under for an hour or more. All whales and dolphins are mammals called cetaceans (鲸目动物). There are two main kinds of cetaceans - those with teeth and those w____68____. Toothed whales have sharp teeth that they use to catch, bite, and kill other animals. Baleen whales, on the other hand, do not have teeth. I____69____, they have mouths full of baleen (鲸 须), which is used to filter (过滤) food from the water. One kind of the baleen whale, the blue whale, is the largest l____70____thing on Earth. All dolphins are whales, and they have teeth. Some dolphins are called dolphins and some o____71____are called whales. Killer whales, for example, are really dolphins. The killer whale is one of the most handsome animals in the sea. It doesn’t look much l____72____other dolphins which are grey or all black. The killer whale is black and white, and it is the largest of the dolphins. But it is still much s____73____than the baleen whales. Bottlenose dolphins are probably the best known dolphins. They are the ones most often seen on TV and in ocean parks. They can be t____74____to perform jumps, flips, and other exciting moves. During their training and while they are performing, the dolphins are usually given fish as a reward for c_____75_____out certain behaviours (行为). However, since these are all natural behaviours to begin with, the question is, who’s training whom 66．(f)ish 67．(b)reathe 68．(w)ithout 69．(I)nstead 70．(l)iving 71．(o)thers 72．(l)ike 73．(s)maller 74．(t)rained 75．(c)arrying 七、写作 端午节是中国四大传统节日之一。为加深中华文化理解，激发爱国主义情怀，某英语报“Culture”专栏正面向中学生举行以“Duanwu Festival—A celebration of patriotism”为题的征文比赛。请根据以下问题提示，写一篇英语短文投稿。 提示： (1) What is Duanwu Festival (importance, date, rice dumplings, dragon boat races) (2) Why is Duanwu Festival also widely accepted as a celebration of patriotism (spirit behind the story of Qu Yuan, spirit of dragon boat racing) (3) As a teenager, how can we practise the spirit of patriotism (1. …；2. …) 参考词汇： patriotism n.爱国主义； patriotic adj.爱国的； poet n.诗人； all ethnic groups 全民族； the lunar May fifth 农历五月初五 要求： （1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； （2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； （3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； （4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Duanwu Festival — A celebration of patriotism Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【入门测试】 Unit 5地球；大地n.________后部；背部n.________脂肪n.________事实n.________和…一样adv.________ ★________________像…一样任何人pron.________没有人，无人pron.________答复，回答vi.________发生vi.________每件事，一切pron.________搜查，搜寻，搜索vt.& vi.________拾起vt.________ ★________________拿起，举起随后，后来adv.________某人，有人pron.________以前adv.________蛇n.________蚂蚁n.________粉笔n.________三明治n.________没有prep.________★________________停止做某事★____________照例；像往常一样★________________坐下★________________转身；(使)翻转★________________在…路上★________________自言自语★________________逃离，跑开★________________前天★________________那天，前几天★________________害怕★________________再也不，不再★________________听说，知道★________________同时★________________遍及全世界★________________至少★________________请求；要Unit 6那么，那样adv.________兔，家兔n.________洞n.________在…旁边，靠近prep. adv.经过________经过，通过vi.& vt.________独自，单独adj.& adv.________注意，察觉vt.________到…里面prep.________侧，边n.________一段时间，时期n.________甜的adj.________足够地，充分地adv.________进入vt.________向，朝prep.________伸手(脚)够到vt.________★________________快点，赶快★________________站起来，起立★________________逃脱；离开★________________通过★________________搭，竖立★________________从那时起★________________一点，少许★________________太…而不能…Unit 7相信vt.________ ★________________信不信由你座位n.________甚至adv.________笔记本n.________募集vt.________勇敢的adj.________救，救助vt.________ ★_______________从…中救出…严重地，厉害地adv.________冲，奔vi.________新闻，消息n.________报纸n.________垃圾，废弃物n.________照相机n.________学期n.________努力地；费力地adv.________文章n.________小提琴n.________部分n.________ ★________________参加短缺，缺乏n.________到…为止conj.________★________________留神，当心★________________为……付款★________________扑灭★________________住院★________________顺便问一下，顺便说说★________________没问题★________________尽某人最大努力★________________…做得好★________________在…岁时★________________迷路★________________收到…的来信Unit 8宠物n.________膝，膝盖n.________握住，拿vt.________充分地adv.________树枝，枝条；棍，棒n.________打仗(架)；与…打仗(架)vi.& vt.________到…时，直到…为止prep._______终止；末尾，终点n.________麻烦n.________触摸，碰n.________任何地方adv.________重复vt.& vi.________同意；应允vi.& vt.________讲座；演讲n.________刷；擦vt.________篮子n.________★________________照顾★________________一直，总是★________________成长；长大成人词形拓展1.birth n．出生，诞生→________ adj.天生的2．sudden adj.突然的→________ adv.突然3．strange adj.奇怪的；陌生的→________ n．外来者，陌生人4．leave vt.离开→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词5．quick adj.快的→________ adv.迅速地，飞快地→________(反义词)adv.缓慢地6．wonder vi.& vt.琢磨，想知道；感到诧异n．奇迹→________ adj.精彩的，了不起7．careful adj.仔细的，认真的；小心的→________ n．照料，照顾→________ adv.仔细地，认真地；小心地→________ adj.粗心的→________ adv.粗心地→________ n．粗心8．he pron.他→________(人称代词宾格)pron.他→________(形容词性物主代词)pron.他的→________(名词性物主代词)pron.他的→________(反身代词)pron.他自己9．weak adj.虚弱的，无力的→________ n．缺点，不足10．surprise n．惊奇，诧异 vt.使惊奇，使措手不及→________ adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→________ adj.(物)令人吃惊的11．dry adj.干的；干燥的→________比较级→________最高级→________(反义词)adj.湿的；未干的；有雨的→________ n．吹风机；干衣机；干燥剂12．use n．使用，利用；用途→________ adj.有用的，有益的→________ adj.无用的→________ vt.再使用13.hurry vi.& n．急忙，匆忙→________过去式/过去分词 adj.匆忙的14．camping n．野营→________ n．营地；阵营15．ride vt.骑(马、自行车)等→________过去式 →________过去分词→________现在分词16．skating n．溜冰→________ v．溜冰17．watch n．手表→________复数18．fall vi.落下，掉落；倒→________过去式→________过去分词19．hit vt.到达；击中，撞→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词20．low adj.低的，矮的→________(反义词)adj.高的21．locked adj.锁上的→________ vt.锁22．wood n．木头，木材→________ adj.木制的23．century n．世纪，百年→________复数24．become linking v．开始变得，变成→________过去式→________过去分词→________现在分词25．excite vt.激动；使……兴奋→________ n．激动；兴奋→_______ adj.激动的→_______ adj.激动人心的26．decide vt.& vi.决定→________ n．决定27．forget vi.& vt.忘记→________过去式→________过去分词→________ adj.难以忘怀的28．climb vi.& vt.爬，攀登→________ n．登山者，攀爬者29．fail vi.& vt.失败→________ n．失败30.able adj.能，能够→_______ n．能力→________ n．缺陷，障碍→________(反义词)adj.不能的，不会的31．send vt.发送；邮寄→________过去式/过去分词32．pay vi.& vt.付费→________过去式/过去分词33．hurt adj.受伤的 vt.& vi.使受伤，伤害；疼→________过去式/过去分词34．protect vt.保护→________ n．保护；保卫35．burn vt.& vi.烧伤；烧→________过去式/过去分词36．nod vi.& vt.点头→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词37．smoke n．烟，烟雾 vi.& vt.吸(烟)，抽(烟)→________ n．吸烟38．show vt.教；演示；展示→________过去式→________过去分词39．lose vt.迷失；丢失→________过去式/过去分词→________现在分词40．mouse n．老鼠，耗子→________复数41．feed vt.喂，喂养→________过去式/过去分词42．teach vt.教→________过去式/过去分词43．poem n．诗歌→________ n．诗人44．hide vi.& vt.藏，隐藏→________过去式→________过去分词→________现在分词45．build vt.建造，建→________过去式/过去分词→________ n．建筑物，房子，楼房46．weigh linking v．重；有…重→________ n．重量47．noise n．声音，响声；噪音→________ adj.吵闹的，嘈杂的
【知识梳理】 一、语法精讲 U5U6语法——一般过去时 我们用一般过去时来谈论在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 Ⅰ.一般过去时的基本用法 1. 带有确定的过去时间状语：just now, yesterday, yesterday morning, two days ago, last year, the other day（前几天）， in the old days（过去的日子里）, in 1999等。 2. 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去时间的状语，而是通过上下文表示。 First I finished my homework. Then I played the piano. Next I watered the plants. After that, I watched a film on TV with my father. 3. 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always, never连用。 Mrs Green always carried an umbrella. （说明是过去的动作，不表明她现在是否带着伞） Ⅱ.动词过去式的构成规则 1. 规则动词的过去式的构成 ①在动词原形后直接加ed。 listen―listened open―opened finish―finished ②以不发音的e结尾的动词加d。 like―liked close―closed use―used ③重读闭音节末尾仅有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。 drop―dropped plan―planned stop―stopped ④以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加ed。 worry―worried study―studied U7语法——情态动词can/could/may can表示某人具有某种能力，意思为“能，会”，也表示客观的可能性，是“能够，可能”的意思。后接动词原形，适用于所有人称。 ①表示能力，意为“能，会”。（be able to/could） Millie can play the piano． could为can的过去式，表示“能，可以”。 Could you swim when you were young No, I couldn’t. (问能力) ②表示许可，意为“可以”。（could/may） You can use my pen． 情态动词could表示一种委婉的语气，比用can表达更有礼貌，may较正式。 Could we picnic here May I see the letter ③表示推测，意为“可能，会”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 Can he be there He can’t have finished his work． 【举一反三】 1. He asked me for this book many times．Please tell him that he______have it tomorrow. A．must B．may C．shall D．Both B and C 2. --Will your brother stay home tonight --I’m not quite sure. He _______ to the cinema tonight. A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going 3. You_____ return the book now．You can keep it till next week if you like． A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not U7语法——感叹句 感叹句用来表示强烈的感情，能表达愤怒、悲哀、惊奇、厌恶和赞赏等。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调。在口语中常用省略句，后面的主语和谓语往往省略，有时只用一个词或词组表达。 1. 以what开头的感叹句，句型：What（+a/an）+形容词+名词（+主语（代词）+谓语）! What a clever boy (he is )! What an interesting story (it is) ! 2. 以how开头的感叹句，句型：How+形容词／副词（+主语（名词或代词）+谓语）! How blue the sky is ! How kind you are! 【举一反三】 (1) —________ fine weather it is! Shall we go hiking in the hills —Why not A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (2) ________ popular festival Halloween is in North America! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a (3) My family went camping by the lake happily. ________ good time we had yesterday! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a (4)________ enjoyable The Reader is! I like the TV programme. A．How B．How a C．What a D．What (5)_________great fun we had at the party last night! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a (6) ________ bad day! It's raining hard. We have to stay at home. A．How a B．What a C．How D．What (7)________heavy smoke it is ! The house must be on fire . A. What B. How C. What a D. How a (8)________ interesting person our English teacher is! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a (9) —______ your little sister looks in the new skirt! —Thank you. A. What a beautiful B. How a beautiful C. What beautiful D. How beautiful (10) —________ sweet the flowers smell in spring! —Yes, many tourists come to enjoy them every day. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a U8语法——形容词 形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。 1. 形容词可以放在名词前作定语。 adj.+n. It was a windy day. Can you hear a strange noise 2. 形容词放在系动词后作表语。 系动词+ adj. 英语中的常见的连系动词有：be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn 等。（一be, 二保持keep, stay三变become, turn get, , 五个感官look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。） She is honest and helpful. The garden looks so beautiful. The plan sounds good. 3. 形容词放在不定代词后作后置定语。 不定代词+adj. There is nothing wrong with my computer.
[拓展] 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）、出处、材料性质、类别、名词。 a famous French medical school an expensive German sports car 口诀：“美小圆旧黄，法国木书屋” U8语法——不定代词 我们常用不定代词指代某个不特定的人或物。 1. 不定代词some-常用于肯定句。疑问句中，如果希望得到对方肯定的回答，也会用some-。 somebody/someone表示“某人”，something表示“某物”。 There is someone at the door. Would you like something to drink 2. 不定代词any-常用于否定句或疑问句，anybody/anyone表示“任何人”或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思意思则用于疑问句和否定句。 anything表示“其物”。 I didn’t see anybody. Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 3. 不定代词no-有否定含义，no one/nobody表示“没有人”。 nobody =not anyone, nothing=not anything。 I saw nobody there.=I did not see anybody/anyone there. There is nothing in the box. 4. 不定代词every-可以用于各种句式中。everybody/everyone的意思是“每个人，人人” everything的意思是“每件事，一切”。 Is everybody/everyone here Everything is ready. 注意:不定代词一般都被视作单数，谓语动词用单数。 【拓展】形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。 We’re looking for someone special. There is nothing wrong with my computer. 二、知识点精讲 U5 1. The world is full of amazing things. 这个世界充满了令人惊奇的事情。 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的，惊人的（指物）amazed adj.感到惊讶的（指人） surprised & surprising excited & exciting interested & interesting tired & tiring 2. Fish sleep with their eyes open. 鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。 “with+名词+形容词/介词短语” 在句中做伴随状语 with light on with door open 3. Our eyes are the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing.我们的眼睛从出生起就一样大，但我们的鼻子和耳朵从未停止生长。 be the same as... 与...相同（same之前必须加the) be the same +名词+ as... 与...某方面相同 be the same size as... =be as big/large as... 和…一样大小 be the same age as... =be as old as... 和...一样年龄 反义词组为 be different from 与...不同 from birth 从出生之时起 at birth = when sb. was/were born在出生时 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. = stop for sth. 停下（手头上的事）去做另一件事 stop to have meals=stop for meals 停下来去吃饭 stop doing A to do B 停止做A去做B 4. The Sun is about 1,300,000 times larger than the Earth. 太阳大约比地球大130万倍。 time作不可数名词，意为“时间”；作可数名词，意为“倍数；次数；时代” ... times as big as... 是...几倍大 ... times larger than... 比...大...倍 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er和-est构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2)以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r和-st构成。 wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er和-est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4)以-y结尾,但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y去掉,加上-ier和-iest构成。 happy (原级) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5)以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。 big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6)双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)more beautiful (比较级) most beautiful (最高级) difficult (原级) more difficult (比较级)most difficult (最高级) 形容词比较级的用法: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 Our teacher is taller than we are. 形容词最高级的用法: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is the best student in her class. 5. Nobody replied．没有人作答。 reply to sb. /sth. 对…作出回答 = answer sb./sth. 6. They left the park quickly. 他们很快离开了公园。 leave= run/run away离开 leave作动词，意为“离开，使...处于某种状态”。 leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 动身去某地 leave +出发地+for+目的地 leave sth.+地点 把某物遗忘在某地 7. On their way home, they met Andy. 在回家的路上，他们遇到了安迪。 way作名词，意为 “路；路线”，the way to表示“去某地的路”。 way还可意为 “方法；方式”等。 in this/that wayby the wayin the wayin no way
【举一反三】 1.Which is the way__________ your school 【答案】to 2. ___________his way to school, he helped an old man. 【答案】on 8. What happened 发生了什么事？ happen 发生（偶然）/take place发生（计划） sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 9. He searched the bushes. 他搜索了灌木丛。 ①search +sb./sth.=look for sb./sth. Lily is searching her English book in her schoolbag. ②search sp. for sb./sth. 到某地搜寻某人/某物 = look for sb./sth. +地点 The police searched the house for the lost boy. ③search sb. for sth. 为找到某物而对某人搜身 The policeman searched him for the wallet, but didn’t find it. 10. Millie and Amy were very surprised. 米莉和艾米非常惊讶。 be surprised at ... 对...感到惊讶 be surprised to do sth. 惊讶地做某事 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 It’s surprising that+句子 令人惊奇的是 surprised 表示人感到吃惊的，惊奇的，惊讶的，诧异的 surprising 表示事物令人惊奇的，使人吃惊的，出人意料的 11. He can write with one hand and draw with the other at the same time.他可以同时一只手写字，另一只手画。 one…the other…“（两者中的）一个…另一个…” other adj. 其他的 +复数名词 常用others在具体语境中指代“其他的人或事物” another adj.& adv. 三者及三者以上另一，又一 强调“再，又” the others 在具体的语境中特指其他的人或事物 We should be friendly to_________ people. Mr. Sun has two sons. One is a doctor, _________ is a teacher. There are many beautiful flowers on___________ side of the river. Students shouldn’t copy __________ homework. I will be busy tomorrow. Let’s make it ________ time. Some of the students are hard-working, but how about ___________ 12. I am not afraid of animals any more = I am no more afraid of animals. 我不再害怕动物了。 not…any more 不再，再也不…=no more 13. We spent three hours in the museum. 我们在博物馆呆了三个小时。 辨析：take、cost、spend、pay ①I have to them 20 pounds for this room each month. A.pay B.paid C.cost D.took ②--What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive. --No, they only 10 yuan. A. spent B.took C.paid D. cost ③It will me too much time to read this book. A.take B.cost C. spend D.pay ④This science book me a great amount of money. A.took B.cost C.used D.spent ⑤I two hours on this maths problem yesterday. A.take B.cost C.pay D.spent ⑥How much does your new bike_____？I 300 yuan it. A.pay, spend, on B.cost, buy,for C.spend, paid, on D.cost, paid,for 14. I heard of a young man. 我听说过一个年轻人。 hear of=hear about 听说 hear+(that)从句 听说... hear from sb.=get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事的全过程或经常听到 hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 Did you hear of/about the amazing news I hear (that) ants can smell things well. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. U6 1. Hurry up, Eddie. 快点，埃迪。 Hurry up, or you will be late. in a hurry 匆忙地；仓促地 hurry to sp. 匆忙赶到某地 hurry to do sth.=be hurried to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=be in a hurry to do sth.=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事 2. Hobo, carry it for me. 霍波，帮我拿包吧。 【bring, carry 和take辨析】 bring表示“拿来”（从远到近） take表示“拿走”（从近到远） carry表示“搬、运” ____________ me my food here, please. You can read the book here but you can’t ______ it home. Trains _______ more things than trucks. 3.You complain too much. 你抱怨太多了。 complain to sb. 向某人抱怨 complain about/of sth. 抱怨某事 【too much和much too的区别】 too much作副词短语，意为“太多”，可用在不可数名词前或动词之后。 much too常用在修饰形容词或副词之前，意为“太”，表示程度。 He is much too tired because he has too much work to do and he worked too much. 4. What outdoor activity would you like to try 你想尝试什么户外活动？ outdoor adj. 户外的，反义词是indoor, “室内的”。 Football is an outdoor game. outdoors adv. 在户外，在野外 Don’t always let him play outdoors. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人全力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try on 试穿 have a try 试一下 5. She looked up and saw a white rabbit in a coat passing by.她抬头看见一只穿着大衣的白兔经过。 look up 向上看；查阅 pass sp. = v.+past sp. 经过某地 pass by = walk by 经过，走过 pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth. 经常看见某人做某事或看见某人某个动作的全过程 6. Alice fell for a long time, and then she hit the ground. 爱丽丝掉了很长一段时间，接着她撞到了地面。 fall-fell-fallen fall down 倒下；落下 fall asleep 入睡 fall off…从…掉下 fall behind 落后；落在…的后面 fall in love with…爱上… hit-hit-hit hit + sb.+on/in + the + 身体部位 “打某人身体的某个部位” 7. She found herself alone in a long, low hall. 她发现自己独自一人在一个又长又低的大厅里。 find sb./sth.+adj. 发现/觉得某人或某物处于某种状态 【alone 和lonely的区别】 alone“单独的，独自的”，强调单独一人，客观事实，不含感彩，只能做表语He never feels lonely when he is alone. lonely“孤独的，寂寞的”，带有强烈的感彩，可以做定语或表语。
8. She looked down and saw that her body became smaller and smaller. smaller and smaller 越来越小， 结构：“比较级+and +比较级”表示“越来越…” more and more beautiful 越来越美 ，“more and more + 多音节形容词原级” 当想表示一方随另一方的变化而变化时，结构：“the+比较级，the +比较级”，表示“越…, (就)越… ” The harder you work, the more you will get. 9. Soon Alice was small enough to go through the door, so she decided to enter the garden. 很快，爱丽丝就小到可以穿过门了，所以她决定进入花园。 enough可作副词可作形容词，意为“足够地（的），充分地（的）”，常放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后。 adj./adv.+ enough to do sth 足够…可以做某事 He is tall enough to get that apple. We have enough money to buy them. decide作动词，意为“决定，下决心”，它的名词形式是decision，意为“决定，决心”。 decide to do sth.= make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 decide on 决定，下决心 enter作动词，意为“进入，加入”，相当于come/go into。 enter the classroom= go into the classroom 10. When she walked towards the door, she forgot about the key.当她走向门口时，她忘了带钥匙。 11. Alice had to go back to the table, but she was too small to reach the key. 爱丽丝不得不回到桌子旁边，但是她太小了，够不着钥匙。 too adj./adv. to do sth. 太…而不能做某事 【拓展：“too... to”可与“not... enough to”结构互换。】 = 迈克年纪太小了，不能上学。 reach sth. 够到某物 reach for sth. 伸手/伸脚去够某物 reach sp. = get to sp.= arrive in/at sp. 到达某地 12. from then on from then on意为“从那时起”，与一般过去时连用 from now on意为“从现在起” 与一般将来时连用 13. He practised playing volleyball with his friends. 他和他的朋友练习打排球。 practise sth./doing sth. practise作动词，意为“练习；实践”，后接名词，代词；后接动词时，须接动词的ing形式。 practice作名词，意为“练习；训练”。在美式英语中practice本身也是动词形式。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 【举一反三】 1. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs _______ it every day. A. practise to speak B. to practise speaking C. practise speaking D. to practise to speak 【答案】B 2. He always practices_________(play) the guitar in his free time. 【答案】playing U7 1. Look out，Eddie ! 当心，埃迪！ look out意为“向外看；小心”，相当于be careful。单独使用时，后面不接宾语。 look out后接其他介词时，要带宾语。 look out at ..．向外看… We look out at the beach. look out of 朝…外看 Don’t look out of the door. 2. Believe it or not! 信不信由你！ believe sb./sth. 相信某人（的话）/相信某事 believe in sb. 信任某人 3. We can send some books to them. 我们可以给他们送些书。 send-sent-sent send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb. (give/show/lend/pass传递) borrow sth. from sb. buy sb sth.= buy sth. for sb. 拓展： ①send up 发射 ②send for （派人去）请来 4. Some children are not even able to pay for school. 一些孩子甚至不能付上学的钱。 be able to do sth.=can/could do sth. disabled 残疾的 sb. pay for sth. 某人付钱买某物 sb. spend +时间/金钱（in）doing sth./ on sth. 某人花费时间、金钱做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费了某人多长时间 sth. cost sb.+ 金钱 某物花了某人多少钱 5. He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire. 他足够勇敢将他的邻居从火中救了出来。 save . . . from意为“从…中救出…”。 save还有“节省，节约；储蓄，保存”的意思。 6.Suddenly he heard someone shouting “ Fire! Fire!” 忽然他听到有人喊：“着火了！着火了！” hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作发生的过程。 I heard Lily singing in her room when I went to bed. 7. He was in hospital for two weeks. 他在医院住了两个星期。 in hospital意思是“生病住院”，而in the hospital意思为“在医院里”。 类似的结构还有： go to school去上学 go to the school去学校 at table坐下吃饭 at the table坐在桌子旁 8. Later some firemen came and put out the fire. 后来一些消防队员来了，把火扑灭了。 put out 扑灭 put away 收拾好，放好 put on穿上 put up举起；张贴 put off 推迟 put .into.把..放进 ；花费，投入（时间、心思等) 9. Keep your hair away from fire. 让头发要远离火。 keep . . . away from sth （使）不靠近或远离…… protect sb. from... 保护某人免受...的伤害 10. I’m afraid you can’t, but you may stay there till 5 pm if you want to．恐怕你不能，但如果你想，你可以待在那儿直到下午五点。 till既可作介词也可作连词，意为“直到；直到…之止”。 not . . . till/until . . . 意为 “直到…才…” 当主句中的动词为延续性动词时，可以直接用until/till来表示“到…为止”，而当句中的动词为非延续性动词时，则用not . . . until/till 来表示“直到…才开始”。 She didn’t hear from her son till last Friday. I will look after him until the end. 【举一反三】 1. When I go out in the evening, my dog never goes to bed _________ I come back. A. after B. later C. till D. if 【答案】C 11. She does not do her best this term.这一学期她没有尽全力。 do one’s best意为“尽全力”，相当于try one’s best. We will do/try our best to learn English well. 12. We look forward to hearing from you soon. 我们期待很快收到你的来信。 look forward to doing 盼望，期盼做某事 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 write (a letter) to sb. 给某人写信 13. We can raise some money for them to buy these things. 我们可以募集一些钱给他们买 这些物品。 raise及物动词，意为“募集”。 raise money for…意为“为……筹钱”。 The students are raising money for a sick girl． 拓展:raise作及物动词时，还可意为“举起，提高，饲养”。 Please raise your hand to answer this question． Don’t raise your voice． Some people raise cows in my hometown． 14. He is a member of our Project Hope and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need. 他是我们希望工程的一名成员，经常参加一些为有需要的孩 子筹集衣物和书本的活动。 be a member of… 是…的一名成员 in (great) need of sth. （急）需要某物 take part in …参加（活动） join 参加（组织，群体） U8 1. Please bring me something to eat. (过去式brought) 请给我拿些吃的东西。 bring sb sth= bring sth to sb，意为“给某人拿来某物” 不定代词＋ to do give me something to eat 2. How rude you are! 你真粗鲁！ rude为形容词，意为“粗鲁的，不礼貌的”，用作定语或者表语。 how引导的感叹句句型：How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语）！ How fast he runs! How kind the girl is! 3. He can sing, and I want to teach him to speak. 他会唱歌,而且我想教他说话。 teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 teach sb. how to do sth.教某人如何做某事 teach oneself to do sth.=learn to do sth. by oneself自学做某事 4. I will look after him until the end. 我将照顾他一直到最后。 look after ...well=take good care of... 照顾好... 句中until的意思是“直到...时候”，相当于till,但until比till更加正式，until多用于句首。 not... until... 直到...才... She didn’t hear from her son until last Friday. at the end of 在...尽头/末端 in the end=at last=finally 最后，终于 5. Some people are afraid of him. 一些人害怕他。 be afraid of sth.害怕某物 be afraid to do sth.害怕去做某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 6. Goldfish are quiet and easy to look after. 金鱼很安静且容易照料。 主语 + be + adj. to do = It + be + adj. + to do sth. English is easy to learn. = It is easy to learn English. 7. There’s nothing wrong with keeping a snake if you like it. 如果你喜欢的话,养一条蛇也没什么问题。 There’s nothing wrong with doing sth. 做某事没什么问题。 8. A goldfish weighs about 40 grams. 一条金鱼重约40克。 weigh动词，意为“重；承重；称…的重量”。 weigh up to 重达… weight名词，意为“体重；重量”。 9. keep a pet at home 在家养宠物 keep sth 饲养... keep sth adj 使某物保持某种状态 keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 【举一反三】 一、单项选择 1. There is "L" on the bag, so it must be Lucy's. She is old friend of mine. A. a; an B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the 2. Mrs. Smith helps me a lot my English. I often ask her help. A. on; for B. with; for C. with; about D. for; with 3. I felt tired and went back to the for a rest. A. cinema B. h otel C. station D. hospital 4. —Tom left without saying goodbye to . —Well, he was in a hurry and he just left a note on the desk. A. someone B. nobody C. anyone D. everyone 5. Can you it I didn't follow you just now. A. repeat B. remember C. reply D. report 6. My neighbor usually my dog for me when I am away. A. looks for B. looks at C. looks up D. looks after 7. There are rooms on this floor. The one is Tom's. A. fifth; five B. five; fifth C. fifth; fifth D. five; five 8. —I failed the driving test again, Mum. —Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A. can't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. wouldn't 9. —The people in Super Brain can work out different kinds of difficult problems. — they are! A. What an interesting B. How an interesting C. What amazing D. How amazing 10. —Say hello to your parents for me when you see them, OK —Thanks. I . A. do B. will C. am D. did 11. Our English teacher looks so tired these days. He should stop so hard. A. works B. worked C. working D. to work 12. My uncle put meat between two pieces of bread and it ten minutes ago. A. eat B. ate C. eats D. will eat 13. — will your father be back —In ten minutes. Please call him then. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much 14. —Jacky, tell me something about your English learning, will you — ，I got 100 points twice last month. A. Sorry to tell you B. Hurry up C. By the way D. Believe it or not 15.—Would you like to play basketball with us this afternoon, Bob — . I have a date(约会)with Linda. A. I'd like to B. I'm afraid not C. Sounds good D. You're welcome 【答案】1-5 CBBCA 6-10 DBADB 11-15 CBCDB 二、词汇 1. Lots of left-behind children are not happy (没有)their parents around them. 2. The white (老鼠)in the cage look quite lovely. 3. Ben (隐藏)in the bushes, so it took us a long time to find him. 4. Your dog /f : t/ with my cat five minutes ago. 5. My uncle f the driving test again. He looked very sad. 6. I think we Chinese have the (able ) to make China's Dream come true. 7. His left leg was ( bad) hurt when he fell off the bike. 8. When I walked past the teachers' office, I heard someone (sing) in it. 9. The idea sounds wonderful. Who first (think) of it 10. My cousin is old enough to dress (she). 1. without 2. mice 3. hid 4. fought 5. failed 6. ability 7. badly 8. singing 9. thought 10. herself 三、完形填空 “If I ran my business the way you people operate your school, I wouldn’t be in business very long!” I said before a group of angry teachers. I was a manager at an ice cream company that became 1 when People magazine chose our blueberry as the “Best Ice Cream In America.” As soon as I finished, a woman raised her hand. To my surprise, she appeared 2 and pleasant. “We are told, sir, that you 3 a company that makes good ice cream.” I replied proudly, “Best ice cream in America, Madam.” “Sir,” she said, “when you are standing on your receiving dock (码头) and you see a shipment of blueberries of poor quality 4 , what do you do ” At once, I knew the question was a trap (陷阱), but I wasn’t going to 5 . “I send them back.” “That’s right!” she raised her voice, “but we can 6 send back our blueberries. We take them big, small, rich, poor, gifted, confident, homeless, rude, and brilliant. We take them all! And that, sir, is why it’s not a(n) 7 . It’s school.” All 290 teachers jumped to their feet and yelled, “Yeah! Blueberries! Blueberries!” And so began my long transformation (转变). Since then, I have visited hundreds of schools. I have learned that a school is not a business. For one thing, schools are unable to 8 the quality of their raw (未加工过的) material. Yet it doesn’t refuse the need for change. We must change how we teach to give all children the chance to become 9 . But educators cannot do this alone. These changes can happen only with the understanding, trust, permission, and active 10 of the whole society. Therefore, to improve public education means more than changing our schools. It means changing the whole country. 1．A．strong B．special C．famous D．busy 2．A．polite B．shy C．confident D．honest 3．A．buy B．visit C．sell D．manage 4．A．leave B．arrive C．disappear D．move 5．A．lie B．stop C．agree D．follow 6．A．ever B．never C．also D．just 7．A．blueberry B．ice cream C．business D．magazine 8．A．use B．notice C．improve D．control 9．A．peaceful B．successful C．thankful D．powerful 10．A．activities B．chances C．support D．education 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 四、阅读理解 Imagine your home is in the center of a big circle. Everything you need is a 10-minute walk away. How convenient! Recently, a group of architects（建筑师） from South Korea decided to make this a reality. They are planning a city with everything people need—including living areas, offices and entertainment（娱乐） areas—within a 10-minute walk from home. When explaining why they wanted to build such a city, Ben van Berkel, a leader of company UNStudio, said people’s daily life experience is the most important. The “10-minute city” is so convenient that it won’t take people much time to travel elsewhere. “With time that is saved, more time is created,” Berkel told CNN. The idea of such a city is not new. In 2016, French-Colombian researcher Carlos Moreno put forward the 15-minute city idea. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it more popular. During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with less chance to go out of their communities. Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. She said that before the pandemic, she liked to play soccer or go dancing. But during the pandemic, she had to give them up as no such entertainment areas or facilities（设备）were in her community. “It is gloomy, lonely and inconvenient,” Ezzet complained（抱怨）. But not everyone likes the idea. Some people say it would further concentrate（集中） wealth in the most convenient areas, resulting in high house prices. So, should people stop considering this idea Maybe not. As Bobulescu, a French professor, said. “The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little.” 43．According to the article, which of the following is TRUE ________ A．A group of architects from France decided to make “10-minute city” a reality. B．A group of architects are planning a city with only necessary things people need. C．Paloma Ezzet couldn’t play soccer during the pandemic. D．Everyone likes the idea of the “10-minute city”. 44．The meaning of the underlined phrase “put forward” is similar to ________. A．come up with B．look forward to C．carry on with D．agree with 45．What does the writer think about the idea of the “10-minute city” according to the last paragraph ________ A．Worried B．Doubtful C．Questionable D．Positive 43．C 44．A 45．D ① Sometimes, I wasted a lot of time doing foolish things. I tried to make a canoe from a tree trunk (树干). I chopped down a huge tree which took me thirty-four days. It took a month to shape it into a boat and another three months to make it hollow (空心的), I was pleased to see that it was large enough to carry twenty men. I could easily take all my things with me. ② The canoe was only one hundred metres from the water, but I could not move it. It was too heavy. I thought I could dig a canal (运河) to the boat. I later worked out that it would take ten tears to dig this canal! This was too long, I thought. “I should have thought of this before I started.” ③ ④ I thought how happy I would be if I could run away from the island. When I realized that I could not move the boat and get it into the water, I changed my mind. I had a very nice home. I had more than enough food. I also thought that it might be dangerous to go to the land that I had seen from the other side of the island. There were probably savage people there that might kill me and even eat me. Perhaps they were cannibals (食人族). I knew that cannibals lived in this part of the world. I decided that it was probably better to stay on the island. At least I was safe there. —Adapted from Robinson Crusoe 46．How long did Robinson spend finishing the canoe ________ A．Thirty—four days. B．A month. C．Three months. D．More than five months. 47．Robinson thought he could ________ to put the canoe into the water. A．move it by hand B．dig a canal C．work out the length of the canoe D．make a special tool 48．It’s better to put “While working on the boat, I always thought about one thing.” in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 49．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________. A．Robinson would continue digging a canal B．Robinson would try to make another boat C．Robinson would probably stay on the island for a period of time D．Robinson would go to the land where savage people lived 46．D 47．B 48．D 49．C Mike was a student. He got a part-time job at the zoo. On his first day, the boss took him to the gorilla cage. It was empty. The gorilla was sick and couldn’t be there for a week. The boss asked the student to put on a gorilla suit and sit in the cage. This way the people would have something to look at. “It sounds fun to me,” said Mike. The next day, he put on the suit and climbed into the cage. Soon there was a crowd of children coming to see the gorilla. “I should do something to make them happy.” Mike thought to himself. Mike caught a rope in the cage and started to swing（摇晃）. He swung higher and higher. He flew out and dropped down into the next cage. A large group of people crowded to watch in fear and terror. Mike lost his rope and dropped right into the lion cage. The lion jumped on his back. Mike was sure he would die. Then he heard a voice from behind. “Shut up, or you’ll get us both fired!” 54．The gorilla cage at the zoo was empty because ________. A．there was no real gorilla in the zoo B．the gorilla was sick and couldn’t be there for a week C．the gorilla dropped into the lion cage D．the gorilla went out to have fun 55．Mike felt ________ after hearing what the boss said about his work. A．bored B．tired C．amazed D．interested 56．Why did Mike catch a rope and start to swing in the cage ________ A．To make the boss happy. B．To please the lion in the lion cage. C．To make children coming to see the gorilla happy. D．To kill his time. 57．From the story, we know that the lion was ________. A．worth seeing in the zoo B．healthy and strong C．going to eat Mike D．not a real one either 54．B 55．D 56．C 57．D 五、任务型阅读 How will China change over the next five to ten years The country’s future was recently discussed at the two sessions (两会) from March 4 to 11. A draft outline of the 14th Five-year Plan (2021-2025) was approved (通过). The 14th Five-year Plan has drawn great attention, since we consider this period as the start of China’s journey to fully build a modern socialist country. Here are some of the changes it includes. Research and development (R&D) Larger 5G networks and robot waiters will become more common in China. The country’s spending on R&D will go up by more than 7 percent per year during the 14th Five-year Plan period. This means that the government will build more labs. There will be more science and technology programs. The government will give research institutes (研究机构) more money to buy experimental equipment and pay salaries to researchers Forest coverage There will be steady (稳定的) growth in Chinas forest coverage, going from 23.04 percent in 2020 to 24.1 by 2025. This is higher than the global average figure of 22 percent. China will also use more clean energy sources, such as solar and wind energy. Life expectancy The life expectancy (顶期寿命) of Chinese citizens is expected to increase by one year during the 14th Five-year Plan period. Life expectancy in China now is 77.3 years, higher than the average of medium-and-high-income countries. Public fitness programs will be carried out to raise life expectancy. For example, more exercise equipment will be built in communities. Years of education received by the working-age population The working-age population means those aged 15 to 64. Normally the more education the working-age population receives, the better products and services they’ll produce. By 2025, the working-age population will receive 11.3 years of education on average. This means most people will at least finish high school before getting a job. To realize this, the government will develop better and fairer education. For example, it will provide better schooling for children of rural migrant workers (农民工) in cities. It will continue to encourage universities to enroll (录取) more students from rural areas. A Quick Look at the 14th Five-year Plan IntroductionDuring the two sessions from March 4 to 11, China’s future was discussed. This period is 56 as the start of China’s journey to fully build a modern socialist country. Research and development (R&D)There will be more 5G networks and robot waiters in China. The country’s spending on research and development will 57 by more than 7 percent per year. The government will 58 research institutes with more money to buy more experimental equipment and pay salaries to researchers. Forest coverageChina’s forest coverage will 59 steadily and hit 24.1 percent by 2025. China will use more clean energy sources, including the energy from the 60 _ and wind. Life expectancyDuring the 14th Five-year Plan period, Chinese citizens are expected to live one year 61 than now. Public fitness programs will be carried out, like 62 more exercise equipment in communities. Years of education received by the working-age populationIf people receive more education, they will produce 63 products and services. By 2025, most people won’t get a job 64 they finish high school. Students from rural areas will have more 65 to enter universities.
56.considered 57.increase/rise 58provide 59.grow 60.sun 61.longer 62.building 63.better 64. until/unless 65.chances/opportunities 六、首字母填空 There are about 76 different kinds of whales and dolphins around the world. Though they live in water, whales and dolphins are not f____66____. They are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物), like cats, dogs, and humans. Their babies are born alive and feed on mother’s milk. Mammals cannot b____67____underwater as fish do. Most whales and dolphins must come up for air after several minutes. A few, though, can stay under for an hour or more. All whales and dolphins are mammals called cetaceans (鲸目动物). There are two main kinds of cetaceans - those with teeth and those w____68____. Toothed whales have sharp teeth that they use to catch, bite, and kill other animals. Baleen whales, on the other hand, do not have teeth. I____69____, they have mouths full of baleen (鲸 须), which is used to filter (过滤) food from the water. One kind of the baleen whale, the blue whale, is the largest l____70____thing on Earth. All dolphins are whales, and they have teeth. Some dolphins are called dolphins and some o____71____are called whales. Killer whales, for example, are really dolphins. The killer whale is one of the most handsome animals in the sea. It doesn’t look much l____72____other dolphins which are grey or all black. The killer whale is black and white, and it is the largest of the dolphins. But it is still much s____73____than the baleen whales. Bottlenose dolphins are probably the best known dolphins. They are the ones most often seen on TV and in ocean parks. They can be t____74____to perform jumps, flips, and other exciting moves. During their training and while they are performing, the dolphins are usually given fish as a reward for c_____75_____out certain behaviours (行为). However, since these are all natural behaviours to begin with, the question is, who’s training whom 66．(f)ish 67．(b)reathe 68．(w)ithout 69．(I)nstead 70．(l)iving 71．(o)thers 72．(l)ike 73．(s)maller 74．(t)rained 75．(c)arrying 七、写作 端午节是中国四大传统节日之一。为加深中华文化理解，激发爱国主义情怀，某英语报“Culture”专栏正面向中学生举行以“Duanwu Festival—A celebration of patriotism”为题的征文比赛。请根据以下问题提示，写一篇英语短文投稿。 提示： (1) What is Duanwu Festival (importance, date, rice dumplings, dragon boat races) (2) Why is Duanwu Festival also widely accepted as a celebration of patriotism (spirit behind the story of Qu Yuan, spirit of dragon boat racing) (3) As a teenager, how can we practise the spirit of patriotism (1. …；2. …) 参考词汇： patriotism n.爱国主义； patriotic adj.爱国的； poet n.诗人； all ethnic groups 全民族； the lunar May fifth 农历五月初五 要求： （1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； （2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； （3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； （4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Duanwu Festival — A celebration of patriotism Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________