中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025广东版英语中考专题
附录一 语法类题型
广东省卷、广州卷、深圳卷共涉及5种主要语法题型，即语法选择（省卷&广州卷）、短文填空（省卷）、语法填空（深圳卷）、短文首字母填空（广州卷）、完成句子（广州卷）。此类题型均与语法知识密不可分，上述每种题型都需要考生首先依据空处的位置判断所缺词性，然后依据上下文判断需要的含义和形式。下方以近年考题为例对高频语法考点进行整合复习。
一、名词
1．名词的主要位置
（1） 放于形容词之后
① Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c______ of trade.
② Lang Lang is one of the leading ____________（musician） in the classical music world.
（2） 放于形容词性物主代词之后
③Every life should be free and birds are our ________（friend）.
（3） 放于限定词之后
④The bandit（山贼） takes one book and shouts,“Next time I want______!”
A. some money B. any money C. some moneys D. any moneys
（4） 放于冠词之后
⑤ People all over the world now have a c______ to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
⑥ The ____________（invent） of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life.
（5） 放于数词之后
⑦“I have two d______. One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybrid rice across the world,” Yuan Longping said.
（6） 放于介词之后
⑧He likes all kinds of jokes because he has a great sense of h____________.
（7） 放于动词之后
⑨People could enjoy the scenery（风景） and watch ______ there.
A. bird B. birds C. bird's D. birds'
[答案]
（1）①center ② musicians
（2）③friends
（3）④A
（4）⑤chance ⑥ invention
（5）⑦dreams
（6）⑧humour/humor
（7）⑨B
2．名词的其他情况
⑩She was her music ______ favorite student.
A. teacher B. teachers C. teacher's
[答案]C
二、代词
1．放于谓语动词之前
Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018. ______ cost ＄2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs
从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
__ ______ about an hour__ ____ to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.
[答案]
A It takes；to walk
2．放于谓语动词之后
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as safe as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test ______ in spaceflights.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
I know I can't do much, but perhaps I can cheer him a little. I'll go down to show my support, if I can't do ______ more.
A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
I can bring my books into the faraway hills and share ______ I have with the children.
A. what B. who C. why D. how
Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home ______.
A. other B. another C. the other D. the others
[答案]
B C A B
3．放于名词之前
Finally, ______ hard work paid off. She got into her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
A. she B. her C. hers
Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was ______ first time that she had made a kite.
A. her B. herself C. hers D. she
[答案]
B A
4．放于介词之前
“Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish,” Dad explained. “That means we can't put your pet fish into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with ______ of the dirty water for a while.”
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
[答案] D
5．放于介词之后
I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank（鱼缸） all by ______.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
He enjoyed working by ________（he） from 10:00 p.m. to 4:00 a.m.
[答案]
D himself
三、冠词
1．直接放于名词之前
Though Lang Lang put on thousands of shows worldwide, this was his first time that he had played ____ piano at the top of a snowy mountain.
Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: Could ______ animal like Ham the Monkey do the same things in space as he could do on Earth
A. a B. an C. the D. /
Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite... The next morning, they took ______ kite to the park and tested it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
[答案]
the B C
2．放于“形容词+名词”之前
But ______ last one of her baby that came out was not strong at all.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
Along the river, there is ______ eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
[答案]
C C
四、数词
1．放于单数名词/复数名词之前
Before Lang Lang played the ______（three） piece, his fingers became a little cold, but he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.
[答案] third
2．放于介词of之前
Imagine that you travel back to __________（hundred） of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn't it
Today people use modern machines to look at the sky. This is very different from the situation ______ years ago when people could only use their eyes.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
[答案]
hundreds D
五、介词
1．放于（其他修饰词+）名词之前
______ everyone's surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
A. In B. To C. For D. At
The bridge runs ______ two mountains. At its highest point, it is 175 meters off the ground.
A. at B. under C. among D. between
在我们的帮助下，小鸟终于回巢了。
____ ____ ____, the baby bird got back to its nest in the end.
Jane took part in a winter camp __ the age of eight.
[答案]
B D With our help at
2．放于代词之前
Look at that farmer. I feel very sorry ______ him. He works so hard in the field, but now it is drying up. I wish I could help him.
A. of B. on C. for D. with
[答案] C
3．构成介词词组
The village became popular because __ Grandpa Huang's hard work.
[答案] of
六、形容词和副词
1．形容词
（1） 放于（其他形容词+）名词之前
He not only made a big difference in the lives of the C________ people, but also many in other countries.
Last month, a new bridge was first opened to the public. It's ______ hanging bridge for walkers in the world.
A. longer B. the longer C. longest D. the longest
In Dunhuang, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f________ countries did business and communicated with the local people.
For him, the quiet night was a __________（value） time to focus on translation.
The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them. I expect each of you to make a kite that means something important to you. You will have a ______ understanding of kites than before.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
[答案]
Chinese D foreign valuable B
（2） 放于系动词之后
There was once a farmer who had a large field of corn. He worked on it with the greatest care, but the corn was dying because there had been no rain for a long time. He felt very ______.
A. sad B. sadder C. sadly D. sadness
It's a general rule to keep q____ in libraries and concerts.
However, he then was ____________（surprise） to find all the birds had flown away.
When I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot ______ than I thought.
A. dirty B. dirtier C. dirtiest D. the dirtiest
（3） 构成形容词词组
This year, my elder brother is accepted into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member. He's only 18, and I'm so p____ of him.
（4） 放于形容词相关的句型中
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as ______ as possible for humans.
A. safe B. safer C. safest D. the safest
这个艺术展览太精彩了，不容错过。
The art show is ____ ____________ __ miss.
[答案]
（2） A quiet surprised B
（3） proud
（4） A too wonderful to
2．副词
（1） 用逗号隔开放于句子末尾
Instead of sleeping, David picks up his book, and reads deep into the night. And far away in the hills, candles and lanterns burn as the children read borrowed books deep into their night, ______.
A. either B. neither C. also D. too
（2） 放于句子开头
Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died after his spaceship landed back on Earth.
______, the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to earth in very good health.
A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckier D. Luckily
（3） 放于谓语动词（+宾语）之后
3Wang Yiyi passed the test ______ and became a student of that school.
A. success B. successful C. successfully
First, my dad told me to reach ______ into the tank（鱼缸） and take the fish house away.
A. care B. careful C. carefully D. caring
If you visit Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i______, you will discover some of the wonderful artworks.
（4） 放于过去分词之前
Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival. And then it is c____________________________________ cleaned and repainted.
The show was ________（warm） welcomed by the audience.
（5） 构成疑问词词组
—How o____ do you go to the library
—At least once a week.
（6） 放于副词相关的句型中
The more you learn and the ________（hard） you study, the better you will become. There is always room for improvement.
（7） 用于连接宾语从句
“Judie, can you tell me ______ you like butterflies ” asked her dad.
Judie replied,“To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!”
A. why B. which C. what D. when
[答案]
（1） D
（2） D
（3） C C inside
（4） carefully/completely/cautiously warmly
（5）often
（6）harder
（7）A
七、动词
1．谓语动词
孩子们总是盼望着春节。
Children always____ ________ __ the Spring Festival.
We can l____ a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs.
In an old building in Peking University, a yellow light shone into the old and dark hours of the night. The famous translator Xu Yuanchong ______________（sit） behind the window and staring at the computer screen.
我们离开教室的时候必须关灯。
Lights ____ __ ________ ____ when we leave the classroom.
我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
I hope one day my artworks ____ __ ______ in the art gallery.
[答案]
look forward to earn was sitting
must be turned off will be shown
2．非谓语动词
凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to ____ ____ __ the activities on the school Science Day.
Morning after morning, the little bird practiced ______ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger.
A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped
After months of ______, I finally had enough money to get a pet fish.
A. save B. saves C. saved D. saving
One day, the teacher told Wang Yiyi ______ a test. If she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
A. take B. to take C. taking
Xu Yuanchong was exploring how ____________（spread） Chinese culture abroad by translating Chinese beauty into Western beauty.
The little bird was not fast enough ______ the worms （虫子） Mama Bird brought back.
A. get B. got C. getting D. to get
Early on a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river ______.
A. drink B. drinking C. drinks D. to drink
[答案]
take part in C D B
to spread D D
八、简单句
1．疑问句
你是否听说过一群广州学生做的数学项目？
____ you ever ______ about a maths project done by some students in Guangzhou
[答案]Have； heard
2．感叹句
Everything was magical. ______ excited David was!
A. How B. What C. What an
校长做的讲座多么精彩啊！
____ ____________ the head teacher's talk was!
这门课程真有趣! 我等不及要上下一课了。
____ __ ______________ course it is! I can't wait to have the next class.
[答案]
A How wonderful What an interesting
九、并列连词与主从复合句
1．并列连词
The space camp had a lot of fun training programs, ______ he enjoyed all of them.
A. or B. but C. and
Jane is a warm-hearted girl. She is only ten years old, ____ she has big ideas of helping other kids.
这些学生不但把数学学得更好，而且优化了飞镖技能。
These students ____ ____ learned their maths better, ____ ____ improved their darting skills.
[答案]
C but not only；but also
2．状语从句
David reads them a story first. ______ the story ends, it's time for everyone to choose a book. The children hold their books close as they say goodbye and run home cheerfully.
A. Before B. When C. If D. Because
Lao Pan did not begin to understand China ______ he and his family took a 3-month drive around the county.
____________________ Xu Yuanchong was widely considered to be the best translator, he never stopped trying to become better.
U______ you work hard, you will not succeed.
迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。
Mike started cooking __ ____ __ he got home from school.
学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。
Learn English well__ ____ we can share Chinese stories with the world.
[答案]
B until Although/Though
Unless as soon as so that
3．宾语从句
Guess how long ______. It is 516 meters—over five football fields long.
A. it is B. is it C. it was D. was it
我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。
My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about ____ ______ ____ ____ better with the help of maths.
凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered something for the Science Day.
我很好奇你在艺术节唱了哪首歌。
I wonder ______ song ____ ____ at the art festival.
[答案]
A how I can draw if/whether she could do which；you sang
4．定语从句
Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals ______ first went into space.
A. whom B. what C. that D. whose
[答案]C
附录二 完形填空
一、题型介绍
完形填空是一种旨在考查考生语言综合运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。广东省的完形填空文章多为有相对完整的故事情节的记叙文,或写人或叙事,情节清晰。
二、解题方法
方法1 根据上下文的逻辑意义确定答案
例 “We always do what you want to do, Cindy. It's my turn to make a ______,” Anna said.
A. promise B. project C. decision D. dialogue
[答案]C
解题思路 借助上下文语境可知，Anna抱怨说以前做什么事都是Cindy说了算，这次该轮到自己做决定了。make a decision做决定。答案为C。
方法2 从词汇的意义和用法方面考虑
例 They are all from her garden and free for her neighbors to ______. “It's just lovely, like you walk by and get a beautiful gift around the corner,” said a neighbor.
A. look at B. take away C. give up D. throw away
[答案]B
解题思路 四个选项都是动词短语，但意义不同。look at看；take away拿走；give up放弃；throw away扔掉。根据上下文可知，她把自己园子里种的菜免费送给邻居们，邻居们路过时顺便拿走,故答案为B。
方法3 积累习惯用法和固定搭配
例 Cindy and Anna were best friends. Some days they could spend hours happily together without any argument, but other days they just could not ______ on what to do.
A. agree B. live C. depend D. try
[答案]A
解题思路 本题中的四个选项都可以和空后的介词on构成固定搭配。前面提到她们很开心地在一起玩，不会有任何争吵，由表示转折关系的连词but可知，她们也会有意见不一致的时候，agree on...“就……达成一致意见”符合此处语境，故答案为A。
方法4 依据作者的观点和态度
例 Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady who lived with her only son John in a small house. She 1 John very much. In her 2 he could do no 3 . Every morning she would give him breakfast 4 bed and bring him the papers to 5 .
1．A. depended on B. waited on C. trusted D. loved
2．A. hope B. eyes C. head D. belief
3．A. wrong B. great C. good D. strange
4．A. to B. at C. in D. by
5．A. check B. read C. keep D. sign
[答案]
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B
解题思路 通读这段文字可知，在作者看来，这位母亲溺爱儿子，认为他不会做错事，文章还用具体事例来说明这种溺爱：早晨把饭端到儿子床上，并拿报纸给他读。理清了这些，这几个空就很容易选了。答案为DBACB。
方法5 注意分析句子结构
例 ... 1 the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket, 2 turned over to the policeman Should the extra charge received at the store be forgotten or returned ...
1．A. Should B. Must C. Would D. Need
2．A. and B. or C. then D. but
[答案]
1．A 2．B
解题思路 对比两个句子，很容易发现它们结构一致，于是答案也就明了了，分别为A和B。
方法6 依据生活经验和常识
例 ...Then John heard a noise and opened his bedroom door. It was his dog Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss. Charlie had been shut in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so ______ in his life!
A. afraid B. silly C. happy D. proud
[答案]C
解题思路 经过千辛万苦终于找到Charlie，爱犬失而复得，根据生活常识和情理可知，John自然是很开心的。答案为C。
附录三 阅读选择
类型一 主旨大意题
主旨大意题考查学生对短文主题思想或全文梗概的掌握和理解情况。这类题目考查的范围是:文章的写作目的或意图、文章标题、主旨或段落大意等。主旨大意题常见的设问方式有:
1.What's the main idea of this passage
2.What does the passage/do the last two paragraphs/does Paragraph...mainly tell us
3.From the passage we can learn/conclude that...
4.What's the best title for the passage
5.What would be the best title for the passage
6.What is the purpose of the passage
7.What is the intention of the last paragraph
一、归纳文章全篇或段落大意
解答该题型的关键是找出主题句，把握文章主旨。主题句多在文章的开头或结尾，概括大意一般是先看首尾或各段开头，再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，可通过关键词来概括。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些表转折或让步的词，如but, yet, however, although等。
例 （Para. 3）Of all its 13 scenic spots, 8 were designed to have AI helpers. From them, visitors can gain information on parking, tour guide services and more. The smart greenway, with free Wi-Fi available, also provides environmental data, such as temperature, wind speed and air quality. What's more, it can give visitors warnings of coming extreme（极端的） weather and natural disasters, including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit Shenzhen.
What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. What AI helpers do. B. Technology changes life.
C. How AI helpers work. D. Technology protects humans.
[答案]A
解题思路 第三段讲述的主要是AI helpers在景点发挥的作用及能够做的工作，如提供停车位信息或提示天气情况等。段落中的主体为AI helpers，而B选项只用Technology一词概括，过于广泛；C选项“AI运行的方式”与原段无关；D选项“科技保护人类”仅与最后一句话有关。故答案为A。
二、归纳文章标题
文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。
例 Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ant, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost...
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell...Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth's magnetic field（磁场）, while humans can't...
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...
Which can be the best title for the passage
A. Birds' Sense of Light B. Fish's Sense of Smell
C. Animals' Sense of Direction D. Animals' Sense of Magnetic Field
[答案]C
解题思路 本篇文章讲述动物天生的方向感帮助它们长途旅行后找到回家的路，分别讲述了蚂蚁、鱼类和海鸟感知方向的方法，最后呼吁减少人类活动对动物方向感的影响。故本文主要讲述了动物的方向感，选项C符合题意。
三、推断文章写作目的
推断文章的写作目的，要综合考虑文章的主旨和文章的文体。通常议论文、新闻报道、说明文等的主题句多在开头，可以快速根据主题句推断出文章的写作目的。
例 In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots.
But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征） that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics:
...
What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To help people understand what a robot is.
B. To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C. To describe the movement of a robot.
D. To introduce the history of robots.
[答案]A
解题思路 通读节选的内容可知，文章主要的写作目的是帮助人们理解什么是机器人，故答案为A。
类型二 细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中的细节与具体事实的把握以及计算能力，内容涉及询问事实（时间、地点、人物、事件）、原因、结果和目的等，属于浅层次的理解题，一般难度较小。在解答细节理解题时，考生应根据关键词，迅速查找关键信息、确定正确答案。
例 When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters（庇护所） in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed & Find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
Laura's project first got food from ______.
A. her school dining hall B. her family
C. a fast food restaurant D. a homeless shelter
[答案]A
解题思路 根据题干中的关键信息，迅速找到节选段的第二句“She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters in her community.”可知，Laura这个项目最初是从她学校的餐厅获取食物的，故答案为A。
类型三 推理判断题
与细节理解题不同，推理判断题要求考生根据全文或某一段或某一句所提供的事实以及自己的一些常识进行合理的推测,来判断作者的意图,人物的动机、目的和性格特征,事件发生的前因后果等。推理判断题的提问形式主要有下面几种:
1.We can infer from the passage that __.
2.Where can you probably read the passage /The passage may be a/an __.
3.Which of the following might happen later
4.How does the writer develop Paragraph...？/The writer writes the last paragraph by __.
例 （Para. 3）As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams's quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren't growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力） helps a plant's stems and roots to find “up” and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity.
（Para. 4）Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down.
How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. It caused the gravity to change.
B. It encouraged the plants to grow faster.
C. It helped the plants to grow in the right direction.
D. It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables.
[答案]C
解题思路 根据第三段和第四段的内容，植物在太空站中由于缺乏重力，无法像在地球上一样，茎部自然地向上生长，根部向下生长。Dr. Williams提出了一个解决方案，即增加植物的光照，因为植物也利用阳光来确定方向。当植物获得更多光照后，茎部向上生长，根部向下生长。故C选项“它帮助植物朝着正确的方向生长”符合题意。
类型四 词义猜测题
此类型要求考生通过阅读上下文,根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词汇或词组的意思。词义猜测题的提问形式主要有:
1.The word “...” in the...paragraph means __.
2.The word “...” means __.
3.What does the underlined word “...” mean
4.What does the underlined word “...” refer to（指）？
一、根据文章中心或主题猜测词义
一般来说，要猜测的生词与文章主题有一定联系，因此把握好文章的中心，往往有助于猜测出文章中生词的含义。
例 Jordan was born with a disability. But she says her difference doesn't hold her back—it makes her amazing. When Jordan was having a new dance class at the age of 18, she noticed that some kids were staring at her. The kids were looking at her left arm. It stops above the elbow. Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was. That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.
What does the underlined word “limb” mean
A. Eyes or ears B. Noses or mouths
C. Arms or legs D. Hair or skin
[答案]C
解题思路 从段落的第一句“Jordan was born with a disability.”可知，Jordan是残疾人，结合画线单词的后一句“That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.”可知，limb意为“手臂或腿”，答案为C。
二、根据上下文的因果关系猜测词义
因果关系是一种常见的能提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因，结果也就知道了；反之，如果知道了结果，原因也就不难发现了。
例 Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
The underlined word “concerns” in this passage means ______.
A. ways B. secrets C. worries D. decisions
[答案]C
解题思路 在文中找到画线词后，根据下一句“They think such food may not be clean enough.”可知，因为认为这样的食物可能不够干净，所以也就对食物的卫生安全感到担心，所以concerns在这里表示“担心，忧虑”，答案为C。
三、根据生活经验或常识猜测词义
已有的生活经验和常识往往会给文章的理解提供有力的支持，从而推测出生词的含义。
例 Across the city, people are making an effort to save water. For some people, water rationing（定量配给政策） now becomes normal. Kelson da Cruz keeps one container of water near the shower. He uses another for brushing his teeth and washing his face. He uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
The underlined word “flush” means ______ in the passage.
A. wash B. fill C. paint D. drive
[答案]A
解题思路 从上文“Across the city, people are making an effort to save water.”可知，人们在努力节约水资源，结合生活常识可知，可以通过用非饮用水来冲厕所这种方式节约水资源，因此flush表示“洗，冲洗”，答案为A。
类型五 代词指代题
解题步骤:（1）确定指代对象。首先要分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象是人还是物，避免误判。（2）确定指代范围。在认真阅读的基础上明确代词的指代范围。常见的代词指代题的类型有:
1.The word “...” in the passage probably means __.
2.The underlined word “...” in the passage refers to __.
3.In this passage, the underlined word “...” refers to __.
例 But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征） that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics:
...
The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about ______.
A. the boy B. the characteristic
C. the machine D. the engine
[答案]C
解题思路 it 为代词，往往指代前文提到过的名词。机器人首先是一个机器，当这台机器具备了一些重要特征后，就会被认为是机器人。根据it前后的语境可知，it指代前面的a machine，答案为C。
类型六 逻辑排序题
首先找到选项内容在文中的具体位置，然后根据它们的位置分布，确定基本的顺序，最后按照时间发展的先后顺序或逻辑关系确定最终顺序。
例 To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay ￡5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem（s） to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document（文档） to show which group to enter before emailing your poem（s）.
Questions about the competition can be emailed to poetrycomp@center.uk.
Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition
①Pay ￡5 for each poem.
②Visit the Centre Shop.
③Email their poem（s） to poetrycomp@center.uk.
④Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document.
A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ②①④③ D. ③④②①
[答案]C
解题思路 先“顺藤摸瓜”找到四个选项内容在文中的位置，根据分布情况确定基本顺序为②①③④，然后根据逻辑关系可知，④“Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document.”应该发生在③“Email their poem（s） to poetrycomp@center.uk.”之前，只有C选项中④在③之前，故答案为C。
类型七 文章结构题
这种题目要求考生学会把握文章的脉络，理解段落层次之间的关系，弄清作者的写作方法。做这类题时，要求学生学会利用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章的开头，用于简要概括文章的中心思想。
例 Can plants talk Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other...
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate...
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest...
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.
What is the structure of the passage
A. B.
C. D.
[答案]B
解题思路 由主题段和主题句可知，本文主要告诉我们植物之间也可以相互交流。具体来说，文章第一段引出话题，第二至四段介绍了植物之间交流的方式，第五段总结全文并展望未来的研究前景，故答案为B。
类型八 图片理解题
这种题目既考查考生对文章内容的理解，又考查考生识图的能力。
例
Caber Toss In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it's usually the size of a small tree. It's an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out.
Which picture best describes Caber Toss
A. B. C. D.
[答案]C
解题思路 本题属于图片理解题。首先观察四幅图片，找出它们的区别，然后由题干中的关键词 Caber Toss可定位到本段第一句。根据本段第一句可知,这种比赛事实上就是扔木头,看谁扔得最远。再结合图片可知答案为C。
附录四 配对阅读
一、题型特点
此题型要求考生学会逻辑推理,找出关键词,不要无目的、无重点地阅读,而是要在阅读过程中抓住两边句子有关联的信息,即关键信息。在配对阅读中,两边的句子往往会出现同样的单词,我们应该首先考虑它们是否就是配对的一项。
二、解题步骤
（1）阅读左栏的信息材料，找到关键信息点和线索词。
（2）带着关键信息点和线索词，在右栏寻找相同或相关的线索词。
（3）线索词吻合后，细看并比较相关的两栏情况，并进行判断，一切吻合则可选定答案。
例 配对阅读。左栏是对中国传统文化感兴趣的五位外国学生的描述,右栏是中国传统文化活动的简介,请为左栏的每位学生选择一个合适的活动。
1.Lisa becomes interested in traditional Chinese painting and she wants to learn how to paint bamboo in ink. 2.Alan is from India. He is studying Chinese history. He has learned a lot about the four great inventions of ancient China. 3.Sam is an Australian boy living in Beijing. He takes great interest in traditional Chinese opera（a musical play）. He hopes to take a class of the local opera. 4.Mary likes classic（经典的） Chinese works. She has read the one about Monkey King since she came to China. 5.Susan loves Chinese paper cutting. She wants to make a Chinese “Fu” to put up on her window this Spring Festival. A.In this weekend's story-telling time, you'll hear plenty of stories about Chinese traditions, for example, why people put up the Chinese “Fu” upside down on the door or window. B.Beijing Opera is a form of traditional art in China. Our club is set up for fans and welcomes you to join us. We have invited some famous local actors to give acting classes. C.Paper cutting sounds simple but is difficult to do. Bring red paper and learn the making of paper cutting. You can take home the paper cutting you make in class. D.We will hold a competition on the four great inventions of ancient China next month. The first round will be a written test. The next round will be a short speech in Chinese. E.A show of traditional Chinese ink paintings will be held in the Art Museum this weekend. Many works of animals by famous artists will be on show. F.A discussion will be held in our reading club this weekend. The topic is about Journey to the West, one of the four great classic Chinese works. G.Traditional Chinese painting is a form of fine arts in Chinese culture. In our training class, Mr. Sun will teach you how to paint bamboo with brushes and ink step by step.
[答案]
1．G 2．D 3．B 4．F 5．C
解题思路
1．G 本题关键信息点traditional Chinese painting和paint bamboo in ink与G项中的Traditional Chinese painting、paint bamboo with brushes and ink相对应。
2．D 本题关键信息点the four great inventions of ancient China与D项中的the four great inventions of ancient China相对应。
3．B 本题关键信息点traditional Chinese opera、class和local opera与B项中的Beijing Opera、traditional art、local actors和acting classes相对应。
4．F 本题关键信息点classic Chinese works和Monkey King与F项中的Journey to the West和one of the four great classic Chinese works相对应。
5．C 本题关键信息点paper cutting和put up on her window与C项中的Paper cutting和take home the paper cutting相对应。
附录五 信息还原（阅读填空）
一、题型特点
信息还原也叫阅读填空题。此类试题主要考查故事情节和事件发展的顺序,解题时需要我们精准掌握文章内容、文章结构，以及每段的主旨大意，利用段落中各句之间的逻辑关系（如并列、顺承、转折和因果关系等）还原选项，使语篇内容完整。中考英语阅读填空题的选项大致可分为:
1.主旨概括句；
2.过渡性句子；
3.注释性句子。
二、解题步骤
1.通读全文，了解文章整体内容，观察设空处前后句子之间的联系，初步做出选择（找出主旨句，抓住文章的结构脉络）；
2.标记设空处前后的关键词，再次定位选项，将选项放入设空处，判断是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的关系（检查所填选项是否符合文章发展和上下文语境）；
3.再次通读全文，排除干扰选项，最终确定答案（通读检查，避免误选）。
例 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke alarms（报警器）
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children. 1 Kids must understand that they'd better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.
2 The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. 3 Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn't go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely.
4 Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms. 5
A.Most of these deaths can be avoided. B.But when you hear it, you don't have much time. C.A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly. D.So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy. E.A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire.
[答案]
1．D 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．A
解题思路
1．D 分析设空处前后的句子可知，children和kids是关键词，前一句提到每年大量的家庭火灾都是由孩子引起的，后一句提到孩子们最好不要玩火，选项D“所以，教育孩子们火是工具而不是玩具很重要”是对前后句的注释和说明，贴合上下文的逻辑意义，故选D。
2．E 设空处是本段的首句，具有概括主旨的作用，空后的句子“The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep.”是对选项E“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的概率”的支撑和说明，故选E。
3．B 设空处前一句中的warns you of the danger和选项B中的hear it相对应; 设空处后一句“Take action immediately.”与选项B中的don't have much time存在因果关系，由于没有多少时间了，因此需要立即采取行动，故选B。
4．C 设空处是本段的首句，具有概括主旨的作用，下文说的是要定期检测报警器和更换电池，以确保烟雾报警器正常运作，这是对选项C“烟雾报警器只有在正常工作的情况下才是有效的”的支撑和说明，故选C。
5．A 选项A中的Most of these deaths与前一句中的About two out of three fire deaths对应，A项是对前一句的注释和说明，非常贴合上下文的逻辑意义，故选A。
附录六 阅读并回答问题
一、题型分析
回答问题是考查考生阅读理解和书面表达能力的综合性题型。它旨在考查考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、加工信息的能力。它要求考生在阅读理解的基础上,对阅读信息进行二次加工,归纳要点,整合零散信息,并用回答问题的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地表达出来。因此,该题型是对考生综合能力的考查,尤其考查考生的语言理解能力、主观表达能力和逻辑推理能力,是一类区分度较大的题目。根据文章的体裁特点，相关考点主要分为以下三类:
（1）记叙文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果来设题；
（2）说明文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物或事物、特征、用途、优缺点来设题；
（3）议论文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物、论点、论据、结论来设题。
二、解题方法
1.基本步骤
（1）先看问题,再读文章:把握主题,确定方向,选取有用的材料,舍弃无关的信息,高效省时。
（2）细读全文,认真推敲:细心阅读与试题有关的词汇、句子或段落,要特别留心一些信息词。
（3）复读全文,验证答案:在确定答案后,应将答案代入问题中,检查是否符合设问要求。若不符合,则要重新考虑答案。
2.注意事项
（1）答题有据,避免主观臆断。
（2）符合原文的答案=正确答案≠最佳答案。
（3）解题有法,但无定法,贵在得法。要答好此类题,必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量,拓宽阅读面,提高阅读速度,同时也要探索和总结适合自己的方法,实践出真知,多练出效果。
3.方法指导
（1）顺序原则,注意使用。
在确定前一道题的答案以后,在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候,继续往下找,能有效控制答题时间,并提高正确率。
（2）圈画关键词（Keywords）。
1）大写、数字、引号优先原则
2）6W1H疑问词必须圈画（which, who, what, when, where, why, how）
例如:
①Which subject does Mary like best
②Who invented the machine
③What did Jake do to protect himself from the cold temperatures
④What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.
⑤When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
⑥Where did John go on vacation
⑦Why did they start this program
⑧How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
⑨How long did it take Jake to reach a safe place after he lost his ski
（3）注意时态一致,代词指代一致。
例如:
①Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn't he
（回答用一般过去时,代词用he）
②When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
（回答用一般过去时,代词用they）
③What do you think of the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival in China
（回答用一般现在时,代词用it）
⑷Why提问,回答形式有两种:
①Because+句子;②To do... （这里to do表目的）。
例如:Why did Redmayne say that this Oscar belonged to all of those people around the world battling ALS
回答:Because he acted as a scientist in the film and the scientist was diagnosed with ALS.
⑸Where和When 提问,介词in/on/at 等不能遗漏。
例1:Where will the orphaned bears be sent when they are old enough
回答:They will be taken to a nature reserve in Bryansk.
例2:When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
回答:When they got to the foot of the mountain.
注意:询问时间和地点,答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。
⑹How提问,用By doing...来回答。
例如:How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
回答:By following some ski tracks.
也可以使用完整句式回答:He followed some ski tracks./He found some ski tracks and followed them.
三、真题分析
Many of us read news every day. It's probably because we'd like to know what's happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV or the Internet, but how did ancient people get news
At the very beginning, information spread by word of mouth. People living in tribes（部落） got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country so people could know what was going on in the capital.
The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the West. The progress brought a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspapers appeared. People started to form the habit of reading newspapers. They liked to share their opinions on newspapers. The invention of telegraph（电报） machines led to another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks.
Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us.
1．From whom did people living in tribes get news
____________________________________
2．Where did ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings
__________________________________________
3．What brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century
____________________________________________________________________
4．When did the first real newspapers appear？
________________________________
5．How can we become some kind of reporters now？
______________________________________________________
[答案]
1．From neighbors or travelers.
2．At public squares in the cities.
3．The big progress in printing technology in the West.
4．In the sixteenth century.
5．By posting online what happens around us.
解题思路
1．根据题干中的people living in tribes get news可定位到第二段第二句“People living in tribes got news from neighbors or travelers.”再根据题干中的From whom，可知答案为“From neighbors or travelers.”。
2．根据题干中的ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings可定位到第二段第三句“Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities.”和第四句“They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities.”再根据题干中的Where，可知答案为“At public squares in the cities.”。
3．根据题干中的brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century可定位到第三段第一句“The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the West.”和第二句“The progress brought a sudden rise of news business.”再根据题干中的What brought...，可知答案为“The big progress in printing technology in the West.”。
4．根据题干中的the first real newspapers appear可定位到第三段第四句“In the sixteenth century, the first real newspapers appeared.” 再根据题干中的When，可知答案为“In the sixteenth century.”。
5．根据题干中的become some kind of reporters可定位到最后一段最后一句“We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us.” 再根据题干中的How，可知答案为“By posting online what happens around us.”。
附录七 书面表达
一、题型分析
书面表达是学习英语的重要内容之一,是中考的必考题型。书面表达要求考生运用所学词汇、句型、语法等知识构建语篇,完成写作任务。考生应注重平时的积累，《精练册》中每页下方的智力背景可协助考生作拓展阅读及句型积累。
二、解题技巧
（1）审清题目要求，明确写作目的、内容和文体。
一审题（写什么、主要时态以及用什么人称写）；二审内容要点。
（2）列要点，写提纲，理清思路。
（3）扬长避短，发挥优势。
尽量使用自己熟悉的句式，切忌盲目追求难度较大的复杂句式，同时不要出现中式英语。
⑷文章结构尽量采用三段式（总—分—总）
第一段（开头）:开门见山，点明写作目的或中心思想。
第二段（主体）:分要点阐述，要求内容翔实具体。
第三段（结尾）:总结提升或呼吁建议，要求简洁，收尾有力。
⑸检查与改错。
检查格式、单词拼写、大小写、人称、时态、语态以及标点符号等方面是否正确或合适。
三、真题分析
请根据要求完成短文写作。
校园广播节目是同学们获取校园资讯的途径之一,假设你是李明,你所在学校的英语广播节目拟开设“听众来信”专栏,请你给该专栏投稿,内容包括:
（1）你喜欢该节目的哪一位主持人, 请就其工作谈两点原因;
（2）你对英语节目的两点建议;
（3）你对节目的祝愿。
参考词汇:host 男主持, hostess 女主持
作文要求:
（1）不能照抄原文,不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
（2）语句连贯,词数80左右,作文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Dear editors,
I'm a big fan of the English programs of our school radio station.
Yours,
Li Ming
写作指导
Step 1审题
本题为材料作文，要求根据题目所给的要点提示写出自己喜欢的主持人，并就其工作谈两点原因；写出对英语节目的两点建议以及对节目的祝愿。时态可用一般现在时和一般将来时；人称以第一人称为主。
Step 2列要点,写提纲
开头:开篇点题，明确自己喜欢的主持人是谁，并简明扼要地说明原因；
主体:提出对学校英语广播节目的两点建议；
结尾:表达对节目的祝愿。
Step 3检查修改
检查人称、时态、语法等可能存在的错误。注意书写工整,卷面整洁。
[答案]
参考范文
Dear editors,
I'm a big fan of the English programs of our school radio station. My favorite hostess is Amy Huang. She has a very sweet voice, which impresses me most. The most amazing thing is that Amy Huang can sing English songs so well. To tell the truth, I love her songs very much.
All things considered, your programs are great. However, I still have two suggestions for you. First, I think you should change the background music, which sounds a little loud. Second, you'd better choose the topic carefully, because some topics have nothing to do with us students.
In the end, I hope your English programs will get better and better.
Yours,
Li Ming
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025广东版英语中考专题
附录一 语法类题型
广东省卷、广州卷、深圳卷共涉及5种主要语法题型，即语法选择（省卷&广州卷）、短文填空（省卷）、语法填空（深圳卷）、短文首字母填空（广州卷）、完成句子（广州卷）。此类题型均与语法知识密不可分，上述每种题型都需要考生首先依据空处的位置判断所缺词性，然后依据上下文判断需要的含义和形式。下方以近年考题为例对高频语法考点进行整合复习。（练习答案见本册P229）
一、名词
1．名词的主要位置
（1） 放于形容词之后
① Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c______ of trade.
② Lang Lang is one of the leading ____________（musician） in the classical music world.
（2） 放于形容词性物主代词之后
③Every life should be free and birds are our ________（friend）.
（3） 放于限定词之后
④The bandit（山贼） takes one book and shouts,“Next time I want______!”
A．some money B．any money
C．some moneys D．any moneys
（4） 放于冠词之后
⑤ People all over the world now have a c______ to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
⑥ The ____________（invent） of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life.
（5） 放于数词之后
⑦“I have two d______. One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybrid rice across the world,” Yuan Longping said.
（6） 放于介词之后
⑧He likes all kinds of jokes because he has a great sense of h____________.
（7） 放于动词之后
⑨People could enjoy the scenery（风景） and watch ______ there.
A．bird B．birds C．bird's D．birds'
2．名词的其他情况
⑩She was her music ______ favorite student.
A．teacher B．teachers C．teacher's
二、代词
1．放于谓语动词之前
．Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018. ______ cost ＄2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
A．It B．Its C．They D．Theirs
．从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
__ ______ about an hour__ ____ to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.
2．放于谓语动词之后
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as safe as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test ______ in spaceflights.
A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
I know I can't do much, but perhaps I can cheer him a little. I'll go down to show my support, if I can't do ______ more.
A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing
I can bring my books into the faraway hills and share ______ I have with the children.
A．what B．who C．why D．how
Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home ______.
A．other B．another C．the other D．the others
3．放于名词之前
Finally, ______ hard work paid off. She got into her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
A．she B．her C．hers
Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was ______ first time that she had made a kite.
A．her B．herself C．hers D．she
4．放于介词之前
“Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish,” Dad explained. “That means we can't put your pet fish into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with ______ of the dirty water for a while.”
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
5．放于介词之后
I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank（鱼缸） all by ______.
A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
He enjoyed working by ________（he） from 10:00 p.m. to 4:00 a.m.
三、冠词
1．直接放于名词之前
Though Lang Lang put on thousands of shows worldwide, this was his first time that he had played ____ piano at the top of a snowy mountain.
Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: Could ______ animal like Ham the Monkey do the same things in space as he could do on Earth
A．a B．an C．the D．/
Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite... The next morning, they took ______ kite to the park and tested it.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．放于“形容词+名词”之前
But ______ last one of her baby that came out was not strong at all.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
Along the river, there is ______ eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
四、数词
1．放于单数名词/复数名词之前
Before Lang Lang played the ______（three） piece, his fingers became a little cold, but he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.
2．放于介词of之前
Imagine that you travel back to __________（hundred） of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn't it
Today people use modern machines to look at the sky. This is very different from the situation ______ years ago when people could only use their eyes.
A．thousand B．thousands
C．thousand of D．thousands of
五、介词
1．放于（其他修饰词+）名词之前
______ everyone's surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
A．In B．To C．For D．At
The bridge runs ______ two mountains. At its highest point, it is 175 meters off the ground.
A．at B．under C．among D．between
在我们的帮助下，小鸟终于回巢了。
____ ____ ____, the baby bird got back to its nest in the end.
Jane took part in a winter camp __ the age of eight.
2．放于代词之前
Look at that farmer. I feel very sorry ______ him. He works so hard in the field, but now it is drying up. I wish I could help him.
A．of B．on C．for D．with
3．构成介词词组
The village became popular because __ Grandpa Huang's hard work.
六、形容词和副词
1．形容词
（1） 放于（其他形容词+）名词之前
He not only made a big difference in the lives of the C________ people, but also many in other countries.
Last month, a new bridge was first opened to the public. It's ______ hanging bridge for walkers in the world.
A．longer B．the longer C．longest D．the longest
In Dunhuang, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f________ countries did business and communicated with the local people.
For him, the quiet night was a __________（value） time to focus on translation.
The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them. I expect each of you to make a kite that means something important to you. You will have a ______ understanding of kites than before.
A．good B．better C．best D．the best
（2） 放于系动词之后
There was once a farmer who had a large field of corn. He worked on it with the greatest care, but the corn was dying because there had been no rain for a long time. He felt very ______.
A．sad B．sadder C．sadly D．sadness
It's a general rule to keep q____ in libraries and concerts.
However, he then was ____________（surprise） to find all the birds had flown away.
When I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot ______ than I thought.
A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
（3） 构成形容词词组
This year, my elder brother is accepted into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member. He's only 18, and I'm so p____ of him.
（4） 放于形容词相关的句型中
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as ______ as possible for humans.
A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest
这个艺术展览太精彩了，不容错过。
The art show is ____ ____________ __ miss.
2．副词
（1） 用逗号隔开放于句子末尾
Instead of sleeping, David picks up his book, and reads deep into the night. And far away in the hills, candles and lanterns burn as the children read borrowed books deep into their night, ______.
A．either B．neither C．also D．too
（2） 放于句子开头
Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died after his spaceship landed back on Earth.
______, the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to earth in very good health.
A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckier D．Luckily
（3） 放于谓语动词（+宾语）之后
Wang Yiyi passed the test ______ and became a student of that school.
A．success B．successful C．successfully
First, my dad told me to reach ______ into the tank（鱼缸） and take the fish house away.
A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
If you visit Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i______, you will discover some of the wonderful artworks.
（4） 放于过去分词之前
Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival. And then it is c________ cleaned and repainted.
The show was ________（warm） welcomed by the audience.
（5） 构成疑问词词组
—How o____ do you go to the library
—At least once a week.
（6） 放于副词相关的句型中
The more you learn and the ________（hard） you study, the better you will become. There is always room for improvement.
（7） 用于连接宾语从句
“Judie, can you tell me ______ you like butterflies ” asked her dad.
Judie replied,“To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!”
A．why B．which C．what D．when
七、动词
1．谓语动词
孩子们总是盼望着春节。
Children always____ ________ __ the Spring Festival.
We can l____ a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs.
In an old building in Peking University, a yellow light shone into the old and dark hours of the night. The famous translator Xu Yuanchong ______________（sit） behind the window and staring at the computer screen.
我们离开教室的时候必须关灯。
Lights ____ __ ________ ____ when we leave the classroom.
我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
I hope one day my artworks ____ __ ______ in the art gallery.
2．非谓语动词
凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to ____ ____ __ the activities on the school Science Day.
Morning after morning, the little bird practiced ______ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger.
A．flap B．to flap C．flapping D．flapped
After months of ______, I finally had enough money to get a pet fish.
A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
One day, the teacher told Wang Yiyi ______ a test. If she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
A．take B．to take C．taking
Xu Yuanchong was exploring how ____________（spread） Chinese culture abroad by translating Chinese beauty into Western beauty.
The little bird was not fast enough ______ the worms （虫子） Mama Bird brought back.
A．get B．got C．getting D．to get
Early on a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river ______.
A．drink B．drinking C．drinks D．to drink
八、简单句
1．疑问句
你是否听说过一群广州学生做的数学项目？
____ you ever ______ about a maths project done by some students in Guangzhou
2．感叹句
Everything was magical. ______ excited David was!
A．How B．What C．What an
校长做的讲座多么精彩啊！
____ ____________ the head teacher's talk was!
这门课程真有趣! 我等不及要上下一课了。
____ __ ______________ course it is! I can't wait to have the next class.
九、并列连词与主从复合句
1．并列连词
The space camp had a lot of fun training programs, ______ he enjoyed all of them.
A．or B．but C．and
Jane is a warm-hearted girl. She is only ten years old, ____ she has big ideas of helping other kids.
这些学生不但把数学学得更好，而且优化了飞镖技能。
These students ____ ____ learned their maths better, ____ ____ improved their darting skills.
2．状语从句
David reads them a story first. ______ the story ends, it's time for everyone to choose a book. The children hold their books close as they say goodbye and run home cheerfully.
A．Before B．When C．If D．Because
Lao Pan did not begin to understand China ______ he and his family took a 3-month drive around the county.
____________________ Xu Yuanchong was widely considered to be the best translator, he never stopped trying to become better.
U______ you work hard, you will not succeed.
迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。
Mike started cooking __ ____ __ he got home from school.
学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。
Learn English well__ ____ we can share Chinese stories with the world.
3．宾语从句
Guess how long ______. It is 516 meters—over five football fields long.
A．it is B．is it C．it was D．was it
我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。
My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about ____ ______ ____ ____ better with the help of maths.
凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered something for the Science Day.
我很好奇你在艺术节唱了哪首歌。
I wonder ______ song ____ ____ at the art festival.
4．定语从句
Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals ______ first went into space.
A．whom B．what C．that D．whose
附录二 完形填空
一、题型介绍
完形填空是一种旨在考查考生语言综合运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。广东省的完形填空文章多为有相对完整的故事情节的记叙文，或写人或叙事，情节清晰。
二、解题方法
方法1 根据上下文的逻辑意义确定答案
例 “We always do what you want to do, Cindy. It's my turn to make a ______,” Anna said.
A．promise B．project C．decision D．dialogue
方法2 从词汇的意义和用法方面考虑
例 They are all from her garden and free for her neighbors to ______. “It's just lovely, like you walk by and get a beautiful gift around the corner,” said a neighbor.
A．look at B．take away C．give up D．throw away
方法3 积累习惯用法和固定搭配
例 Cindy and Anna were best friends. Some days they could spend hours happily together without any argument, but other days they just could not ______ on what to do.
A．agree B．live C．depend D．try
方法4 依据作者的观点和态度
例 Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady who lived with her only son John in a small house. She 1 John very much. In her 2 he could do no 3 . Every morning she would give him breakfast 4 bed and bring him the papers to 5 .
1．A．depended on B．waited on
C．trusted D．loved
2．A．hope B．eyes C．head D．belief
3．A．wrong B．great C．good D．strange
4．A．to B．at C．in D．by
5．A．check B．read C．keep D．sign
方法5 注意分析句子结构
例 ... 1 the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket, 2 turned over to the policeman Should the extra charge received at the store be forgotten or returned ...
1．A．Should B．Must C．Would D．Need
2．A．and B．or C．then D．but
方法6 依据生活经验和常识
例 ...Then John heard a noise and opened his bedroom door. It was his dog Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss. Charlie had been shut in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so ______ in his life!
afraid B．silly C．happy D．Proud
附录三 阅读选择
类型一 主旨大意题
主旨大意题考查学生对短文主题思想或全文梗概的掌握和理解情况。这类题目考查的范围是:文章的写作目的或意图、文章标题、主旨或段落大意等。主旨大意题常见的设问方式有:
1.What's the main idea of this passage
2.What does the passage/do the last two paragraphs/does Paragraph...mainly tell us
3.From the passage we can learn/conclude that...
4.What's the best title for the passage
5.What would be the best title for the passage
6.What is the purpose of the passage
7.What is the intention of the last paragraph
一、归纳文章全篇或段落大意
解答该题型的关键是找出主题句，把握文章主旨。主题句多在文章的开头或结尾，概括大意一般是先看首尾或各段开头，再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，可通过关键词来概括。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些表转折或让步的词，如but, yet, however, although等。
例 （Para. 3）Of all its 13 scenic spots, 8 were designed to have AI helpers. From them, visitors can gain information on parking, tour guide services and more. The smart greenway, with free Wi-Fi available, also provides environmental data, such as temperature, wind speed and air quality. What's more, it can give visitors warnings of coming extreme（极端的） weather and natural disasters, including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit Shenzhen.
What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．What AI helpers do. B．Technology changes life.
C．How AI helpers work. D．Technology protects humans.
二、归纳文章标题
文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。
例 Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ant, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost...
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell...Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth's magnetic field（磁场）, while humans can't...
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...
Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Birds' Sense of Light
B．Fish's Sense of Smell
C．Animals' Sense of Direction
D．Animals' Sense of Magnetic Field
三、推断文章写作目的
推断文章的写作目的，要综合考虑文章的主旨和文章的文体。通常议论文、新闻报道、说明文等的主题句多在开头，可以快速根据主题句推断出文章的写作目的。
例 In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots.
But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征） that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics:
...
What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To help people understand what a robot is.
B．To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C．To describe the movement of a robot.
D．To introduce the history of robots.
类型二 细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中的细节与具体事实的把握以及计算能力，内容涉及询问事实（时间、地点、人物、事件）、原因、结果和目的等，属于浅层次的理解题，一般难度较小。在解答细节理解题时，考生应根据关键词，迅速查找关键信息、确定正确答案。
例 When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters（庇护所） in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed & Find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
Laura's project first got food from ______.
A．her school dining hall B．her family
C．a fast food restaurant D．a homeless shelter
类型三 推理判断题
与细节理解题不同， 推理判断题要求考生根据全文或某一段或某一句所提供的事实以及自己的一些常识进行合理的推测,来判断作者的意图,人物的动机、目的和性格特征,事件发生的前因后果等。推理判断题的提问形式主要有下面几种:
1.We can infer from the passage that .
2.Where can you probably read the passage /The passage may be a/an .
3.Which of the following might happen later
4.How does the writer develop Paragraph...？/The writer writes the last paragraph by .
例 （Para. 3）As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams's quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren't growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力） helps a plant's stems and roots to find “up” and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity.
（Para. 4）Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down.
How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．It caused the gravity to change.
B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster.
C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction.
D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables.
类型四 词义猜测题
此类型要求考生通过阅读上下文,根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词汇或词组的意思。词义猜测题的提问形式主要有:
1.The word “...” in the...paragraph means .
2.The word “...” means .
3.What does the underlined word “...” mean
4.What does the underlined word “...” refer to（指）？
一、根据文章中心或主题猜测词义
一般来说，要猜测的生词与文章主题有一定联系，因此把握好文章的中心，往往有助于猜测出文章中生词的含义。
例 Jordan was born with a disability. But she says her difference doesn't hold her back—it makes her amazing. When Jordan was having a new dance class at the age of 18, she noticed that some kids were staring at her. The kids were looking at her left arm. It stops above the elbow. Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was. That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.
What does the underlined word “limb” mean
A．Eyes or ears B．Noses or mouths
C．Arms or legs D．Hair or skin
二、根据上下文的因果关系猜测词义
因果关系是一种常见的能提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因，结果也就知道了；反之，如果知道了结果，原因也就不难发现了。
例 Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
The underlined word “concerns” in this passage means ______.
A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions
三、根据生活经验或常识猜测词义
已有的生活经验和常识往往会给文章的理解提供有力的支持，从而推测出生词的含义。
例 Across the city, people are making an effort to save water. For some people, water rationing（定量配给政策） now becomes normal. Kelson da Cruz keeps one container of water near the shower. He uses another for brushing his teeth and washing his face. He uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
The underlined word “flush” means ______ in the passage.
A．wash B．fill C．paint D．drive
类型五 代词指代题
解题步骤:（1）确定指代对象。首先要分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象是人还是物，避免误判。（2）确定指代范围。在认真阅读的基础上明确代词的指代范围。常见的代词指代题的类型有:
1.The word “...” in the passage probably means .
2.The underlined word “...” in the passage refers to .
3.In this passage, the underlined word “...” refers to .
例 But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征） that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics:
...
The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about ______.
A．the boy B．the characteristic
C．the machine D．the engine
类型六 逻辑排序题
首先找到选项内容在文中的具体位置，然后根据它们的位置分布，确定基本的顺序，最后按照时间发展的先后顺序或逻辑关系确定最终顺序。
例 To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay ￡5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem（s） to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document（文档） to show which group to enter before emailing your poem（s）.
Questions about the competition can be emailed to poetrycomp@center.uk.
Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition
①Pay ￡5 for each poem.
②Visit the Centre Shop.
③Email their poem（s） to poetrycomp@center.uk.
④Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document.
A．①②③④ B．②①③④ C．②①④③ D．③④②①
类型七 文章结构题
这种题目要求考生学会把握文章的脉络，理解段落层次之间的关系，弄清作者的写作方法。做这类题时，要求学生学会利用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章的开头，用于简要概括文章的中心思想。
例 Can plants talk Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other...
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate...
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest...
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves.
What is the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
类型八 图片理解题
这种题目既考查考生对文章内容的理解，又考查考生识图的能力。
例
Caber Toss In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it's usually the size of a small tree. It's an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out.
Which picture best describes Caber Toss
A． B．
C． D．
附录四 配对阅读
一、题型特点
此题型要求考生学会逻辑推理,找出关键词,不要无目的、无重点地阅读,而是要在阅读过程中抓住两边句子有关联的信息,即关键信息。在配对阅读中,两边的句子往往会出现同样的单词,我们应该首先考虑它们是否就是配对的一项。
二、解题步骤
（1）阅读左栏的信息材料，找到关键信息点和线索词。
（2）带着关键信息点和线索词，在右栏寻找相同或相关的线索词。
（3）线索词吻合后，细看并比较相关的两栏情况，并进行判断，一切吻合则可选定答案。
例 配对阅读。左栏是对中国传统文化感兴趣的五位外国学生的描述,右栏是中国传统文化活动的简介,请为左栏的每位学生选择一个合适的活动。
1.Lisa becomes interested in traditional Chinese painting and she wants to learn how to paint bamboo in ink. 2.Alan is from India. He is studying Chinese history. He has learned a lot about the four great inventions of ancient China. 3.Sam is an Australian boy living in Beijing. He takes great interest in traditional Chinese opera（a musical play）. He hopes to take a class of the local opera. 4.Mary likes classic（经典的） Chinese works. She has read the one about Monkey King since she came to China. 5.Susan loves Chinese paper cutting. She wants to make a Chinese “Fu” to put up on her window this Spring Festival. A.In this weekend's story-telling time, you'll hear plenty of stories about Chinese traditions, for example, why people put up the Chinese “Fu” upside down on the door or window. B.Beijing Opera is a form of traditional art in China. Our club is set up for fans and welcomes you to join us. We have invited some famous local actors to give acting classes. C.Paper cutting sounds simple but is difficult to do. Bring red paper and learn the making of paper cutting. You can take home the paper cutting you make in class. D.We will hold a competition on the four great inventions of ancient China next month. The first round will be a written test. The next round will be a short speech in Chinese. E.A show of traditional Chinese ink paintings will be held in the Art Museum this weekend. Many works of animals by famous artists will be on show. F.A discussion will be held in our reading club this weekend. The topic is about Journey to the West, one of the four great classic Chinese works. G.Traditional Chinese painting is a form of fine arts in Chinese culture. In our training class, Mr. Sun will teach you how to paint bamboo with brushes and ink step by step.
附录五 信息还原（阅读填空）
一、题型特点
信息还原也叫阅读填空题。此类试题主要考查故事情节和事件发展的顺序,解题时需要我们精准掌握文章内容、文章结构，以及每段的主旨大意，利用段落中各句之间的逻辑关系（如并列、顺承、转折和因果关系等）还原选项，使语篇内容完整。中考英语阅读填空题的选项大致可分为:
1.主旨概括句；
2.过渡性句子；
3.注释性句子。
二、解题步骤
1.通读全文，了解文章整体内容，观察设空处前后句子之间的联系，初步做出选择（找出主旨句，抓住文章的结构脉络）；
2.标记设空处前后的关键词，再次定位选项，将选项放入设空处，判断是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的关系（检查所填选项是否符合文章发展和上下文语境）；
3.再次通读全文，排除干扰选项，最终确定答案（通读检查，避免误选）。
例 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke alarms（报警器）
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children. 1 Kids must understand that they'd better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.
2 The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. 3 Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn't go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely.
4 Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms. 5
A.Most of these deaths can be avoided. B.But when you hear it, you don't have much time. C.A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly. D.So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy. E.A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire.
附录六 阅读并回答问题
一、题型分析
回答问题是考查考生阅读理解和书面表达能力的综合性题型。它旨在考查考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、加工信息的能力。它要求考生在阅读理解的基础上，对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，整合零散信息，并用回答问题的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地表达出来。因此，该题型是对考生综合能力的考查,尤其考查考生的语言理解能力、主观表达能力和逻辑推理能力，是一类区分度较大的题目。根据文章的体裁特点，相关考点主要分为以下三类:
（1）记叙文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果来设题；
（2）说明文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物或事物、特征、用途、优缺点来设题；
（3）议论文类考点:主要围绕时间、地点、人物、论点、论据、结论来设题。
二、解题方法
1.基本步骤
（1）先看问题,再读文章:把握主题，确定方向，选取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
（2）细读全文，认真推敲:细心阅读与试题有关的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
（3）复读全文,验证答案:在确定答案后,应将答案代入问题中，检查是否符合设问要求。若不符合，则要重新考虑答案。
2.注意事项
（1）答题有据，避免主观臆断。
（2）符合原文的答案=正确答案≠最佳答案。
（3）解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好此类题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己的方法，实践出真知，多练出效果。
3.方法指导
（1）顺序原则，注意使用。
在确定前一道题的答案以后，在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候，继续往下找，能有效控制答题时间，并提高正确率。
（2）圈画关键词（Keywords）。
1）大写、数字、引号优先原则
2）6W1H疑问词必须圈画（which, who, what, when, where, why, how）
例如:
①Which subject does Mary like best
②Who invented the machine
③What did Jake do to protect himself from the cold temperatures
④What do you think of Jake Give at least one reason.
⑤When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
⑥Where did John go on vacation
⑦Why did they start this program
⑧How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
⑨How long did it take Jake to reach a safe place after he lost his ski
（3）注意时态一致，代词指代一致。
例如:
①Jake lost one of his skis after he fell over when skiing, didn't he
（回答用一般过去时,代词用he）
②When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
（回答用一般过去时,代词用they）
③What do you think of the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival in China
（回答用一般现在时,代词用it）
⑷Why提问，回答形式有两种:
①Because+句子;②To do... （这里to do表目的）。
例如:Why did Redmayne say that this Oscar belonged to all of those people around the world battling ALS
回答:Because he acted as a scientist in the film and the scientist was diagnosed with ALS.
⑸Where和When 提问,介词in/on/at 等不能遗漏。
例1:Where will the orphaned bears be sent when they are old enough
回答:They will be taken to a nature reserve in Bryansk.
例2:When did his parents realize that Jake was missing
回答:When they got to the foot of the mountain.
注意:询问时间和地点,答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。
⑹How提问,用By doing...来回答。
例如:How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
回答:By following some ski tracks.
也可以使用完整句式回答:He followed some ski tracks./He found some ski tracks and followed them.
三、真题分析
Many of us read news every day. It's probably because we'd like to know what's happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV or the Internet, but how did ancient people get news
At the very beginning, information spread by word of mouth. People living in tribes（部落） got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country so people could know what was going on in the capital.
The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the West. The progress brought a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspapers appeared. People started to form the habit of reading newspapers. They liked to share their opinions on newspapers. The invention of telegraph（电报） machines led to another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks.
Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us.
1．From whom did people living in tribes get news
____________________________________
2．Where did ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings
__________________________________________
3．What brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century
____________________________________________________________________
4．When did the first real newspapers appear？
________________________________
5．How can we become some kind of reporters now？
______________________________________________________
附录七 书面表达
一、题型分析
书面表达是学习英语的重要内容之一,是中考的必考题型。书面表达要求考生运用所学词汇、句型、语法等知识构建语篇,完成写作任务。考生应注重平时的积累，《精练册》中每页下方的智力背景可协助考生作拓展阅读及句型积累。
二、解题技巧
（1）审清题目要求，明确写作目的、内容和文体。
一审题（写什么、主要时态以及用什么人称写）；二审内容要点。
（2）列要点，写提纲，理清思路。
（3）扬长避短，发挥优势。
尽量使用自己熟悉的句式，切忌盲目追求难度较大的复杂句式，同时不要出现中式英语。
（4）文章结构尽量采用三段式（总—分—总）
第一段（开头）:开门见山，点明写作目的或中心思想。
第二段（主体）:分要点阐述，要求内容翔实具体。
第三段（结尾）:总结提升或呼吁建议，要求简洁，收尾有力。
（5）检查与改错。
检查格式、单词拼写、大小写、人称、时态、语态以及标点符号等方面是否正确或合适。
三、真题分析
请根据要求完成短文写作。
校园广播节目是同学们获取校园资讯的途径之一,假设你是李明,你所在学校的英语广播节目拟开设“听众来信”专栏,请你给该专栏投稿,内容包括:
（1）你喜欢该节目的哪一位主持人, 请就其工作谈两点原因;
（2）你对英语节目的两点建议;
（3）你对节目的祝愿。
参考词汇:host 男主持, hostess 女主持
作文要求:
（1）不能照抄原文,不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
（2）语句连贯,词数80左右,作文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Dear editors,
I'm a big fan of the English programs of our school radio station. __________________
Yours,
Li Ming
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