2024-2025学年辽宁省大连王府高级中学高二上学期第二学段考试英语试卷（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年辽宁省大连王府高级中学高二上学期第二学段考试英语试卷（含答案） |  | |
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大连王府高级中学2024-2025学年上学期第二学段考试
高二英语试题
考试时间: 120 分钟
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Buy some food. B. Go on a business tip. C. Take care of his pet.
2. When did the woman begin to learn the violin
A. When she was a pupil.
B. While she was at college.
C. After she joined her present company.
3. What food attracts the man most
A. Fried Pork in Scoop. B. Frozen pears. C. Boiled dumplings.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Sorry. B. Mad. C. Curious.
5. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The bathroom window. B. The water pipe. C. The cold weather.
第二节（共15小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about the first hotel
A. It can be quite noisy. B. It's not cheap. C. It's far away from tourist spots.
7. Which hotel do the speakers finally choose
A. Manson Green Hotel. B. Janice Hotel. C. Brand Hotel.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably Jasmine
A. A football player. B. An actress. C. ATV hostess.
9. What will the man do next
A. Watch a sporting event. B. Turn off the computer. C. Clean the study.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to Julie
A. To issue an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To return her car.
11. What is Julie going to do this Sunday
A. Go for a hike. B. Visit a relative. C. Go rock climbing.
12. Which word best describes Julie's father
A. Warm-hearted. B. Careless. C. Energetic.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where do the Frasers live
A. In Australia. B. In Spain. C. In France.
14. What did the woman need to do when living with the Frasers
A Do the housework. B. Take Laura to school. C. Help Jerry with his schoolwork.
15. How many au pairs did the Frasers get before the woman's arrival
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. What does the woman mention in the end
A. How much au pairs are usually paid per week.
B. Why she wanted to be an au pair.
C. How to become an au pair.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Which function doesn't the Light Phone have
A. Sending texts. B. Taking pictures. C. Playing music.
18. What subject does Mark McLaughlin teach
A. Math. B. Music. C. English.
19. What percentage of teachers thought cellphones harmed students' study in the survey
A. Nearly 33.3%. B. Almost 66.7%. C. Over 75%.
20. What change has the new phone policy brought to the Buxton School
A. Fewer students choose photography classes.
B. Students' grades have greatly improved.
C. Students have become more social.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
It is often said that you can’t have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. A study found that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire (问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to workout who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteer’ lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, “Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate (分配) to my best friend is still the same.” He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology, we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
Chester University researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, “Our results are likely to reflect limitations in the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital (情绪资本) that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited.”
1. What is a popular belief about making friends
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. We should treat friends as our family.
C. The more friends we make, the better. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
2. Which is one of the methods Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A. Checking the volunteers’ call records. B. Learning about the volunteers’ hobbies.
C. Tracking the volunteers’ job performances. D. Interviewing the volunteers’ schoolmates.
3. What is the function of the last paragraph
A. To add background information. B. To give possible explanations.
C. To offer some suggestions. D. To introduce a new topic.
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to. C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51
A. They have a stable friendship. B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently. D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
C
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surrey, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized（同步的）according to factors including light.
During the study, researchers teased 10 participants to study the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals -breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking .Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour interval（间隔）.In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believed the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013,researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer ,one of the study’s researcher.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos（混乱）in the household,” fellow researcher Der-Jan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock -the one controlling when we get sleepy-but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
8. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study
A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body.
B. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
C. Changing meals times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
9. What can we know about the new study
A. The internal between each meal being given was different.
B. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
10. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013
A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
11. According to the article,________________.
A. there is more than one way to reset body clocks.
B. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work.
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks.
D a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock.
D
For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens.
The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need.
It was a life-changing experience for Hays, who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.”
During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals.
“Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. The tornado happened in July 2011.
B. Supplies were far from enough for the victims.
C. Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements.
D. The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation.
13. What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief
A. His wife’s suggestion. B. His preference for barbecues.
C. A voluntary activity in Joplin. D. The high earnings from barbecues.
14. Which of the following words can best describe Hays
A. Warm-hearted. B. Strong-willed.
C. Broad-minded. D. Good-tempered.
15. What’s the text mainly about
A. The bright future of barbecues.
B. The role of barbecues in voluntary activities.
C. An effective approach was used to rescue victims.
D. When disasters fall, they bring barbecues.
第二节（共5个小题; 每个小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain, which makes us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. ___16___ In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. ___17___ Why “Sugar, we believe is one of causes of the problem, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. ___18___
Well, what is the solution It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ___19___ From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.
___20___ Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks o students and others in the community can exercise.
A. But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.
B. High-sugar foods can negatively affect your energy levels.
C. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
D. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.
E. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid.
F. The average person takes in about 24 kilograms of sugar each year.
G. 1/3 of adults worldwide have high blood pressure and 2.5 billion suffer from obesity.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is ____21____ oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your ____22____. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one’s ____23____ and weaknesses. You may ____24____ hopefully to the future but be sure not to ____25____ too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be ____26____ to meet challenges but it should be clear to you ____27____ to direct your efforts. That’s to say, so long as you have a perfect ____28____ of yourself, there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of ____29____. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. ____30____ you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by ____31____ it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. ____32____ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won’t be confident and ready enough to ____33____ the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when ____34____ to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full ____35____ of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor.
21. A. permanently B. previously C. precisely D. perfectly
22 A. reach B. budget C. development D. brain
23. A. shortages B. disadvantages C. strengths D. limitations
24. A. look up B. look back C. look forward D. look down
25. A. expect B. analyze C. inspect D. dream
26. A. honest B. comprehensive C. courageous D. delicate
27. A. what B. which C. how D. where
28. A. image B. knowledge C. system D. memory
29. A. attack B. criticism C. popularity D. existence
30. A. As much as B. As soon as C. As far as D. As well as
31. A. quarreling B. arguing C. sharing D. blaming
32 A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. If
33. A. recall B. restore C. restart D. resist
34. A. exchanged B. exposed C. experienced D. exported
35. A. mark B. control C. account D. recovery
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobel laureate Mo Yan was sharing his memories of the days when he first picked up his pen, ___36___ 36 grassroots writers from around the country, at a seminar in Beijing on March 22.
Mo Yan believes that every writer, ___37___ influential they are, shares a similar course of growth, starting as a reader and literary ___38___(enthusiasm). They encounter something they are really into and itch ___39___(try) their hand at writing, imitating first, before eventually forming a style of their own, he says.
He recalled his days in the army in Baoding, Hebei province, giving lessons on Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism during the day, and writing at night. Every day he waited for the sound of the postman’s motorcycle ___40___(hope). His effort paid off when, in May 1981, a local bimonthly literature magazine decided to publish his maiden work. Mo Yan then struggled for a while, before he figured out that his rural hometown in Shandong province and a place he’s most familiar with, would provide ___41___ inexhaustible source of writing material.
The panel also included Liang Xiaosheng and Liu Zhenyun, whose works ___42___(reach) a multitude of readers at home and abroad so far. Liang’s full-length novel, Renshijian, ___43___ won the Mao Dun Literature Prize, among the field’s most prestigious awards in China, ___44___(adapt) into a hit series and direct heated discussions online last year. Liu stated the importance of characters’ interpersonal relationship and its structure, ____45____(add) that it required wisdom, creativity, and philosophical cognition to achieve that in a literary creation.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
46. 假定你是李晴, 国庆节期间你回了趟老家, 感慨于农村的机械化发展。请你给留学生朋友Jack写一封邮件, 邀请他下月底放假期间到你家做客。内容包括：
1. 介绍你的家乡；
2. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Qing
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard to say goodbye to a pet, especially for children. Nancy Lowe. 5, from Walton-on Thames, England, experienced the loss of her beloved cat, Tintin, earlier this year. She died from heart failure and Nancy had been struggling to adjust to life without her best friend. Concerned and anxious, Nancy’s mom, Tamara, said, “Nancy and Tintin were best friends, and they had a really close bond, Whenever they saw each other, the two of them were so happy.”
Nancy desperately missed Tintin and she was worried the cat would be lonely, so she decided to write a letter to her cat up in heaven. She was warned by her mother, who told her that heaven might be too far away and that Tintin might have found a new friend, but Nancy insisted on writing the letter. When she was asked what she had written, she showed the letter to her mother generously. It read, “Dear Tintin, I miss you. Have you found a new friend in heaven ” Tamara was touched by her daughter’s sincere love and kindness. She didn’t want to disappoint her daughter so they posted the letter together.
Before they put the letter in a post box, once again Tamara tried to let her know she probably wouldn’t receive a reply, but Nancy addressed the envelope to “heaven” and mail edit off anyway.
Tamara said, “When we sent the letter I didn’t expect anything to comeback and I don’t think Nancy did, either. But it was important for her to say a proper goodbye. Getting a response was the last thing we expected.” Tamara and Nancy didn’t know a postman named Clive Edwards was on duty that day and he saw the letter addressed to heaven and wanted to help Nancy find some comfort in her loss.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender.
大连王府高级中学2024-2025学年上学期第二学段考试
高二英语试题 答案版
考试时间: 120 分钟
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Buy some food. B. Go on a business tip. C. Take care of his pet.
2. When did the woman begin to learn the violin
A. When she was a pupil.
B. While she was at college.
C. After she joined her present company.
3. What food attracts the man most
A. Fried Pork in Scoop. B. Frozen pears. C. Boiled dumplings.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Sorry. B. Mad. C. Curious.
5. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The bathroom window. B. The water pipe. C. The cold weather.
第二节（共15小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about the first hotel
A. It can be quite noisy. B. It's not cheap. C. It's far away from tourist spots.
7. Which hotel do the speakers finally choose
A. Manson Green Hotel. B. Janice Hotel. C. Brand Hotel.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably Jasmine
A. A football player. B. An actress. C. ATV hostess.
9. What will the man do next
A. Watch a sporting event. B. Turn off the computer. C. Clean the study.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to Julie
A. To issue an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To return her car.
11. What is Julie going to do this Sunday
A. Go for a hike. B. Visit a relative. C. Go rock climbing.
12. Which word best describes Julie's father
A. Warm-hearted. B. Careless. C. Energetic.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where do the Frasers live
A. In Australia. B. In Spain. C. In France.
14. What did the woman need to do when living with the Frasers
A. Do the housework. B. Take Laura to school. C. Help Jerry with his schoolwork.
15. How many au pairs did the Frasers get before the woman's arrival
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. What does the woman mention in the end
A. How much au pairs are usually paid per week.
B. Why she wanted to be an au pair.
C. How to become an au pair.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Which function doesn't the Light Phone have
A. Sending texts. B. Taking pictures. C. Playing music.
18. What subject does Mark McLaughlin teach
A. Math. B. Music. C. English.
19. What percentage of teachers thought cellphones harmed students' study in the survey
A. Nearly 33.3%. B. Almost 66.7%. C. Over 75%.
20. What change has the new phone policy brought to the Buxton School
A. Fewer students choose photography classes.
B. Students' grades have greatly improved.
C. Students have become more social.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
It is often said that you can’t have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. A study found that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire (问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to workout who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteer’ lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, “Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate (分配) to my best friend is still the same.” He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology, we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
Chester University researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, “Our results are likely to reflect limitations in the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital (情绪资本) that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited.”
1. What is a popular belief about making friends
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. We should treat friends as our family.
C. The more friends we make, the better. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
2. Which is one of the methods Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A. Checking the volunteers’ call records. B. Learning about the volunteers’ hobbies.
C. Tracking the volunteers’ job performances. D. Interviewing the volunteers’ schoolmates.
3. What is the function of the last paragraph
A. To add background information. B. To give possible explanations.
C. To offer some suggestions. D. To introduce a new topic.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to. C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51
A. They have a stable friendship. B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently. D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
C
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surrey, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized（同步的）according to factors including light.
During the study researchers teased 10 participants to study the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals -breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking .Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour interval（间隔）.In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believed the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013,researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer ,one of the study’s researcher.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos（混乱）in the household,” fellow researcher Der-Jan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock -the one controlling when we get sleepy-but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
8. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study
A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body.
B. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
C. Changing meals times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
9. What can we know about the new study
A. The internal between each meal being given was different.
B. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
10. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013
A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
11. According to the article,________________.
A. there is more than one way to reset body clocks.
B. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work.
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks.
D. a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A
D
For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens.
The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need.
It was a life-changing experience for Hays who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.”
During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals.
“Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. The tornado happened in July 2011.
B. Supplies were far from enough for the victims.
C. Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements.
D. The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation.
13. What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief
A. His wife’s suggestion. B. His preference for barbecues.
C. A voluntary activity in Joplin. D. The high earnings from barbecues.
14. Which of the following words can best describe Hays
A. Warm-hearted. B. Strong-willed.
C. Broad-minded. D. Good-tempered.
15. What’s the text mainly about
A. The bright future of barbecues.
B. The role of barbecues in voluntary activities.
C. An effective approach was used to rescue victims.
D. When disasters fall, they bring barbecues.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
第二节（共5个小题; 每个小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain, which makes us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. ___16___ In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. ___17___ Why “Sugar, we believe is one of causes of the problem, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. ___18___
Well, what is the solution It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ___19___ From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.
___20___ Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks o students and others in the community can exercise.
A But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.
B. High-sugar foods can negatively affect your energy levels.
C. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
D. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.
E. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid.
F. The average person takes in about 24 kilograms of sugar each year.
G. 1/3 of adults worldwide have high blood pressure and 2.5 billion suffer from obesity.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is ____21____ oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your ____22____. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one’s ____23____ and weaknesses. You may ____24____ hopefully to the future but be sure not to ____25____ too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be ____26____ to meet challenges but it should be clear to you ____27____ to direct your efforts. That’s to say, so long as you have a perfect ____28____ of yourself, there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of ____29____. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. ____30____ you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by ____31____ it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. ____32____ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won’t be confident and ready enough to ____33____ the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when ____34____ to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full ____35____ of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor.
21. A. permanently B. previously C. precisely D. perfectly
22. A. reach B. budget C. development D. brain
23. A. shortages B. disadvantages C. strengths D. limitations
24. A. look up B. look back C. look forward D. look down
25. A. expect B. analyze C. inspect D. dream
26. A. honest B. comprehensive C. courageous D. delicate
27. A. what B. which C. how D. where
28. A. image B. knowledge C. system D. memory
29. A. attack B. criticism C. popularity D. existence
30. A. As much as B. As soon as C. As far as D. As well as
31. A. quarreling B. arguing C. sharing D. blaming
32. A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. If
33. A. recall B. restore C. restart D. resist
34. A. exchanged B. exposed C. experienced D. exported
35. A. mark B. control C. account D. recovery
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobel laureate Mo Yan was sharing his memories of the days when he first picked up his pen, ___36___ 36 grassroots writers from around the country, at a seminar in Beijing on March 22.
Mo Yan believes that every writer, ___37___ influential they are, shares a similar course of growth, starting as a reader and literary ___38___(enthusiasm). They encounter something they are really into and itch ___39___(try) their hand at writing, imitating first, before eventually forming a style of their own, he says.
He recalled his days in the army in Baoding Hebei province, giving lessons on Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism during the day, and writing at night. Every day he waited for the sound of the postman’s motorcycle ___40___(hope). His effort paid off when, in May 1981, a local bimonthly literature magazine decided to publish his maiden work. Mo Yan then struggled for a while, before he figured out that his rural hometown in Shandong province and a place he’s most familiar with, would provide ___41___ inexhaustible source of writing material.
The panel also included Liang Xiaosheng and Liu Zhenyun, whose works ___42___(reach) a multitude of readers at home and abroad so far. Liang’s full-length novel, Renshijian, ___43___ won the Mao Dun Literature Prize, among the field’s most prestigious awards in China, ___44___(adapt) into a hit series and direct heated discussions online last year. Liu stated the importance of characters’ interpersonal relationship and its structure, ____45____(add) that it required wisdom, creativity, and philosophical cognition to achieve that in a literary creation.
【答案】36. with
37. however
38. enthusiast
39. to try 40. hopefully
41. an 42. have reached
43. which 44. was adapted
45. adding
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
46. 假定你是李晴, 国庆节期间你回了趟老家, 感慨于农村的机械化发展。请你给留学生朋友Jack写一封邮件, 邀请他下月底放假期间到你家做客。内容包括：
1. 介绍你的家乡；
2. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Qing
【答案】Dear Jack,
How have you been recently I recently returned to my hometown during the National Day holiday and was amazed by the rapid mechanization development in the rural areas. My hometown, located in the countryside, has transformed significantly. Modern agricultural machinery is now the norm, making farming more efficient and less labor-intensive. I’d like to invite you to visit my hometown at the end of next month when you have your break. It would be a great opportunity for you to experience the charm of rural China .
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Qing
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard to say goodbye to a pet, especially for children. Nancy Lowe. 5, from Walton-on Thames, England, experienced the loss of her beloved cat, Tintin, earlier this year. She died from heart failure and Nancy had been struggling to adjust to life without her best friend. Concerned and anxious, Nancy’s mom, Tamara, said, “Nancy and Tintin were best friends, and they had a really close bond, Whenever they saw each other, the two of them were so happy.”
Nancy desperately missed Tintin and she was worried the cat would be lonely, so she decided to write a letter to her cat up in heaven. She was warned by her mother, who told her that heaven might be too far away and that Tintin might have found a new friend, but Nancy insisted on writing the letter. When she was asked what she had written, she showed the letter to her mother generously. It read, “Dear Tintin, I miss you. Have you found a new friend in heaven ” Tamara was touched by her daughter’s sincere love and kindness. She didn’t want to disappoint her daughter so they posted the letter together.
Before they put the letter in a post box, once again Tamara tried to let her know she probably wouldn’t receive a reply, but Nancy addressed the envelope to “heaven” and mail edit off anyway.
Tamara said, “When we sent the letter I didn’t expect anything to comeback and I don’t think Nancy did, either. But it was important for her to say a proper goodbye. Getting a response was the last thing we expected.” Tamara and Nancy didn’t know a postman named Clive Edwards was on duty that day and he saw the letter addressed to heaven and wanted to help Nancy find some comfort in her loss.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later! Of course, it wasn’t true Tintin who had written back. Clive wrote the letter as if he were Tintin. It read, “Dear Nancy, thank you for sending me your letter. I’m OK in heaven and being looked after well by the angels. I know you are sad that I’m not there with you but please don’t be...” Nancy finished reading the comforting words, tears welling up in her eyes. Seeing the happy smile back on her daughter’s face, Tamara felt a huge burden lifted from her shoulders.
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender. The heartwarming story soon went viral online, and thanks to the efforts of those sharing her post, she got in touch with Clive. Tamara conveyed sincere thanks to him for that valuable letter. “Nancy really needed one final goodbye. When she learned that Tintin was OK without her being there to look after her, she started to get over the loss,” Tamara said. Relieved and delighted, the kind-hearted postman Clive responded that he just did what anyone else would have done.
高二英语试题
考试时间: 120 分钟
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Buy some food. B. Go on a business tip. C. Take care of his pet.
2. When did the woman begin to learn the violin
A. When she was a pupil.
B. While she was at college.
C. After she joined her present company.
3. What food attracts the man most
A. Fried Pork in Scoop. B. Frozen pears. C. Boiled dumplings.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Sorry. B. Mad. C. Curious.
5. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The bathroom window. B. The water pipe. C. The cold weather.
第二节（共15小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about the first hotel
A. It can be quite noisy. B. It's not cheap. C. It's far away from tourist spots.
7. Which hotel do the speakers finally choose
A. Manson Green Hotel. B. Janice Hotel. C. Brand Hotel.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably Jasmine
A. A football player. B. An actress. C. ATV hostess.
9. What will the man do next
A. Watch a sporting event. B. Turn off the computer. C. Clean the study.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to Julie
A. To issue an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To return her car.
11. What is Julie going to do this Sunday
A. Go for a hike. B. Visit a relative. C. Go rock climbing.
12. Which word best describes Julie's father
A. Warm-hearted. B. Careless. C. Energetic.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where do the Frasers live
A. In Australia. B. In Spain. C. In France.
14. What did the woman need to do when living with the Frasers
A Do the housework. B. Take Laura to school. C. Help Jerry with his schoolwork.
15. How many au pairs did the Frasers get before the woman's arrival
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. What does the woman mention in the end
A. How much au pairs are usually paid per week.
B. Why she wanted to be an au pair.
C. How to become an au pair.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Which function doesn't the Light Phone have
A. Sending texts. B. Taking pictures. C. Playing music.
18. What subject does Mark McLaughlin teach
A. Math. B. Music. C. English.
19. What percentage of teachers thought cellphones harmed students' study in the survey
A. Nearly 33.3%. B. Almost 66.7%. C. Over 75%.
20. What change has the new phone policy brought to the Buxton School
A. Fewer students choose photography classes.
B. Students' grades have greatly improved.
C. Students have become more social.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
It is often said that you can’t have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. A study found that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire (问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to workout who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteer’ lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, “Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate (分配) to my best friend is still the same.” He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology, we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
Chester University researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, “Our results are likely to reflect limitations in the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital (情绪资本) that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited.”
1. What is a popular belief about making friends
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. We should treat friends as our family.
C. The more friends we make, the better. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
2. Which is one of the methods Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A. Checking the volunteers’ call records. B. Learning about the volunteers’ hobbies.
C. Tracking the volunteers’ job performances. D. Interviewing the volunteers’ schoolmates.
3. What is the function of the last paragraph
A. To add background information. B. To give possible explanations.
C. To offer some suggestions. D. To introduce a new topic.
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to. C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51
A. They have a stable friendship. B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently. D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
C
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surrey, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized（同步的）according to factors including light.
During the study, researchers teased 10 participants to study the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals -breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking .Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour interval（间隔）.In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believed the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013,researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer ,one of the study’s researcher.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos（混乱）in the household,” fellow researcher Der-Jan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock -the one controlling when we get sleepy-but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
8. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study
A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body.
B. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
C. Changing meals times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
9. What can we know about the new study
A. The internal between each meal being given was different.
B. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
10. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013
A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
11. According to the article,________________.
A. there is more than one way to reset body clocks.
B. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work.
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks.
D a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock.
D
For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens.
The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need.
It was a life-changing experience for Hays, who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.”
During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals.
“Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. The tornado happened in July 2011.
B. Supplies were far from enough for the victims.
C. Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements.
D. The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation.
13. What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief
A. His wife’s suggestion. B. His preference for barbecues.
C. A voluntary activity in Joplin. D. The high earnings from barbecues.
14. Which of the following words can best describe Hays
A. Warm-hearted. B. Strong-willed.
C. Broad-minded. D. Good-tempered.
15. What’s the text mainly about
A. The bright future of barbecues.
B. The role of barbecues in voluntary activities.
C. An effective approach was used to rescue victims.
D. When disasters fall, they bring barbecues.
第二节（共5个小题; 每个小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain, which makes us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. ___16___ In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. ___17___ Why “Sugar, we believe is one of causes of the problem, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. ___18___
Well, what is the solution It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ___19___ From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.
___20___ Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks o students and others in the community can exercise.
A. But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.
B. High-sugar foods can negatively affect your energy levels.
C. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
D. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.
E. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid.
F. The average person takes in about 24 kilograms of sugar each year.
G. 1/3 of adults worldwide have high blood pressure and 2.5 billion suffer from obesity.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is ____21____ oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your ____22____. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one’s ____23____ and weaknesses. You may ____24____ hopefully to the future but be sure not to ____25____ too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be ____26____ to meet challenges but it should be clear to you ____27____ to direct your efforts. That’s to say, so long as you have a perfect ____28____ of yourself, there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of ____29____. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. ____30____ you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by ____31____ it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. ____32____ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won’t be confident and ready enough to ____33____ the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when ____34____ to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full ____35____ of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor.
21. A. permanently B. previously C. precisely D. perfectly
22 A. reach B. budget C. development D. brain
23. A. shortages B. disadvantages C. strengths D. limitations
24. A. look up B. look back C. look forward D. look down
25. A. expect B. analyze C. inspect D. dream
26. A. honest B. comprehensive C. courageous D. delicate
27. A. what B. which C. how D. where
28. A. image B. knowledge C. system D. memory
29. A. attack B. criticism C. popularity D. existence
30. A. As much as B. As soon as C. As far as D. As well as
31. A. quarreling B. arguing C. sharing D. blaming
32 A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. If
33. A. recall B. restore C. restart D. resist
34. A. exchanged B. exposed C. experienced D. exported
35. A. mark B. control C. account D. recovery
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobel laureate Mo Yan was sharing his memories of the days when he first picked up his pen, ___36___ 36 grassroots writers from around the country, at a seminar in Beijing on March 22.
Mo Yan believes that every writer, ___37___ influential they are, shares a similar course of growth, starting as a reader and literary ___38___(enthusiasm). They encounter something they are really into and itch ___39___(try) their hand at writing, imitating first, before eventually forming a style of their own, he says.
He recalled his days in the army in Baoding, Hebei province, giving lessons on Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism during the day, and writing at night. Every day he waited for the sound of the postman’s motorcycle ___40___(hope). His effort paid off when, in May 1981, a local bimonthly literature magazine decided to publish his maiden work. Mo Yan then struggled for a while, before he figured out that his rural hometown in Shandong province and a place he’s most familiar with, would provide ___41___ inexhaustible source of writing material.
The panel also included Liang Xiaosheng and Liu Zhenyun, whose works ___42___(reach) a multitude of readers at home and abroad so far. Liang’s full-length novel, Renshijian, ___43___ won the Mao Dun Literature Prize, among the field’s most prestigious awards in China, ___44___(adapt) into a hit series and direct heated discussions online last year. Liu stated the importance of characters’ interpersonal relationship and its structure, ____45____(add) that it required wisdom, creativity, and philosophical cognition to achieve that in a literary creation.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
46. 假定你是李晴, 国庆节期间你回了趟老家, 感慨于农村的机械化发展。请你给留学生朋友Jack写一封邮件, 邀请他下月底放假期间到你家做客。内容包括：
1. 介绍你的家乡；
2. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Qing
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard to say goodbye to a pet, especially for children. Nancy Lowe. 5, from Walton-on Thames, England, experienced the loss of her beloved cat, Tintin, earlier this year. She died from heart failure and Nancy had been struggling to adjust to life without her best friend. Concerned and anxious, Nancy’s mom, Tamara, said, “Nancy and Tintin were best friends, and they had a really close bond, Whenever they saw each other, the two of them were so happy.”
Nancy desperately missed Tintin and she was worried the cat would be lonely, so she decided to write a letter to her cat up in heaven. She was warned by her mother, who told her that heaven might be too far away and that Tintin might have found a new friend, but Nancy insisted on writing the letter. When she was asked what she had written, she showed the letter to her mother generously. It read, “Dear Tintin, I miss you. Have you found a new friend in heaven ” Tamara was touched by her daughter’s sincere love and kindness. She didn’t want to disappoint her daughter so they posted the letter together.
Before they put the letter in a post box, once again Tamara tried to let her know she probably wouldn’t receive a reply, but Nancy addressed the envelope to “heaven” and mail edit off anyway.
Tamara said, “When we sent the letter I didn’t expect anything to comeback and I don’t think Nancy did, either. But it was important for her to say a proper goodbye. Getting a response was the last thing we expected.” Tamara and Nancy didn’t know a postman named Clive Edwards was on duty that day and he saw the letter addressed to heaven and wanted to help Nancy find some comfort in her loss.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender.
大连王府高级中学2024-2025学年上学期第二学段考试
高二英语试题 答案版
考试时间: 120 分钟
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Buy some food. B. Go on a business tip. C. Take care of his pet.
2. When did the woman begin to learn the violin
A. When she was a pupil.
B. While she was at college.
C. After she joined her present company.
3. What food attracts the man most
A. Fried Pork in Scoop. B. Frozen pears. C. Boiled dumplings.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Sorry. B. Mad. C. Curious.
5. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The bathroom window. B. The water pipe. C. The cold weather.
第二节（共15小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about the first hotel
A. It can be quite noisy. B. It's not cheap. C. It's far away from tourist spots.
7. Which hotel do the speakers finally choose
A. Manson Green Hotel. B. Janice Hotel. C. Brand Hotel.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably Jasmine
A. A football player. B. An actress. C. ATV hostess.
9. What will the man do next
A. Watch a sporting event. B. Turn off the computer. C. Clean the study.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to Julie
A. To issue an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To return her car.
11. What is Julie going to do this Sunday
A. Go for a hike. B. Visit a relative. C. Go rock climbing.
12. Which word best describes Julie's father
A. Warm-hearted. B. Careless. C. Energetic.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where do the Frasers live
A. In Australia. B. In Spain. C. In France.
14. What did the woman need to do when living with the Frasers
A. Do the housework. B. Take Laura to school. C. Help Jerry with his schoolwork.
15. How many au pairs did the Frasers get before the woman's arrival
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. What does the woman mention in the end
A. How much au pairs are usually paid per week.
B. Why she wanted to be an au pair.
C. How to become an au pair.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Which function doesn't the Light Phone have
A. Sending texts. B. Taking pictures. C. Playing music.
18. What subject does Mark McLaughlin teach
A. Math. B. Music. C. English.
19. What percentage of teachers thought cellphones harmed students' study in the survey
A. Nearly 33.3%. B. Almost 66.7%. C. Over 75%.
20. What change has the new phone policy brought to the Buxton School
A. Fewer students choose photography classes.
B. Students' grades have greatly improved.
C. Students have become more social.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
A
It is often said that you can’t have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. A study found that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire (问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to workout who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteer’ lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, “Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate (分配) to my best friend is still the same.” He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology, we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
Chester University researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, “Our results are likely to reflect limitations in the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital (情绪资本) that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited.”
1. What is a popular belief about making friends
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. We should treat friends as our family.
C. The more friends we make, the better. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
2. Which is one of the methods Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A. Checking the volunteers’ call records. B. Learning about the volunteers’ hobbies.
C. Tracking the volunteers’ job performances. D. Interviewing the volunteers’ schoolmates.
3. What is the function of the last paragraph
A. To add background information. B. To give possible explanations.
C. To offer some suggestions. D. To introduce a new topic.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to. C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51
A. They have a stable friendship. B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently. D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
C
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surrey, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized（同步的）according to factors including light.
During the study researchers teased 10 participants to study the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals -breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking .Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour interval（间隔）.In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believed the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013,researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer ,one of the study’s researcher.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos（混乱）in the household,” fellow researcher Der-Jan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock -the one controlling when we get sleepy-but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
8. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study
A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body.
B. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
C. Changing meals times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
9. What can we know about the new study
A. The internal between each meal being given was different.
B. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.
10. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013
A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.
B. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.
D. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.
11. According to the article,________________.
A. there is more than one way to reset body clocks.
B. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work.
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks.
D. a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A
D
For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens.
The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need.
It was a life-changing experience for Hays who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.”
During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals.
“Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. The tornado happened in July 2011.
B. Supplies were far from enough for the victims.
C. Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements.
D. The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation.
13. What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief
A. His wife’s suggestion. B. His preference for barbecues.
C. A voluntary activity in Joplin. D. The high earnings from barbecues.
14. Which of the following words can best describe Hays
A. Warm-hearted. B. Strong-willed.
C. Broad-minded. D. Good-tempered.
15. What’s the text mainly about
A. The bright future of barbecues.
B. The role of barbecues in voluntary activities.
C. An effective approach was used to rescue victims.
D. When disasters fall, they bring barbecues.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
第二节（共5个小题; 每个小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain, which makes us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. ___16___ In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. ___17___ Why “Sugar, we believe is one of causes of the problem, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. ___18___
Well, what is the solution It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ___19___ From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.
___20___ Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks o students and others in the community can exercise.
A But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.
B. High-sugar foods can negatively affect your energy levels.
C. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
D. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.
E. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid.
F. The average person takes in about 24 kilograms of sugar each year.
G. 1/3 of adults worldwide have high blood pressure and 2.5 billion suffer from obesity.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is ____21____ oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your ____22____. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one’s ____23____ and weaknesses. You may ____24____ hopefully to the future but be sure not to ____25____ too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be ____26____ to meet challenges but it should be clear to you ____27____ to direct your efforts. That’s to say, so long as you have a perfect ____28____ of yourself, there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of ____29____. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. ____30____ you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by ____31____ it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. ____32____ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won’t be confident and ready enough to ____33____ the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when ____34____ to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full ____35____ of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor.
21. A. permanently B. previously C. precisely D. perfectly
22. A. reach B. budget C. development D. brain
23. A. shortages B. disadvantages C. strengths D. limitations
24. A. look up B. look back C. look forward D. look down
25. A. expect B. analyze C. inspect D. dream
26. A. honest B. comprehensive C. courageous D. delicate
27. A. what B. which C. how D. where
28. A. image B. knowledge C. system D. memory
29. A. attack B. criticism C. popularity D. existence
30. A. As much as B. As soon as C. As far as D. As well as
31. A. quarreling B. arguing C. sharing D. blaming
32. A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. If
33. A. recall B. restore C. restart D. resist
34. A. exchanged B. exposed C. experienced D. exported
35. A. mark B. control C. account D. recovery
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobel laureate Mo Yan was sharing his memories of the days when he first picked up his pen, ___36___ 36 grassroots writers from around the country, at a seminar in Beijing on March 22.
Mo Yan believes that every writer, ___37___ influential they are, shares a similar course of growth, starting as a reader and literary ___38___(enthusiasm). They encounter something they are really into and itch ___39___(try) their hand at writing, imitating first, before eventually forming a style of their own, he says.
He recalled his days in the army in Baoding Hebei province, giving lessons on Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism during the day, and writing at night. Every day he waited for the sound of the postman’s motorcycle ___40___(hope). His effort paid off when, in May 1981, a local bimonthly literature magazine decided to publish his maiden work. Mo Yan then struggled for a while, before he figured out that his rural hometown in Shandong province and a place he’s most familiar with, would provide ___41___ inexhaustible source of writing material.
The panel also included Liang Xiaosheng and Liu Zhenyun, whose works ___42___(reach) a multitude of readers at home and abroad so far. Liang’s full-length novel, Renshijian, ___43___ won the Mao Dun Literature Prize, among the field’s most prestigious awards in China, ___44___(adapt) into a hit series and direct heated discussions online last year. Liu stated the importance of characters’ interpersonal relationship and its structure, ____45____(add) that it required wisdom, creativity, and philosophical cognition to achieve that in a literary creation.
【答案】36. with
37. however
38. enthusiast
39. to try 40. hopefully
41. an 42. have reached
43. which 44. was adapted
45. adding
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
46. 假定你是李晴, 国庆节期间你回了趟老家, 感慨于农村的机械化发展。请你给留学生朋友Jack写一封邮件, 邀请他下月底放假期间到你家做客。内容包括：
1. 介绍你的家乡；
2. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Qing
【答案】Dear Jack,
How have you been recently I recently returned to my hometown during the National Day holiday and was amazed by the rapid mechanization development in the rural areas. My hometown, located in the countryside, has transformed significantly. Modern agricultural machinery is now the norm, making farming more efficient and less labor-intensive. I’d like to invite you to visit my hometown at the end of next month when you have your break. It would be a great opportunity for you to experience the charm of rural China .
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Qing
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard to say goodbye to a pet, especially for children. Nancy Lowe. 5, from Walton-on Thames, England, experienced the loss of her beloved cat, Tintin, earlier this year. She died from heart failure and Nancy had been struggling to adjust to life without her best friend. Concerned and anxious, Nancy’s mom, Tamara, said, “Nancy and Tintin were best friends, and they had a really close bond, Whenever they saw each other, the two of them were so happy.”
Nancy desperately missed Tintin and she was worried the cat would be lonely, so she decided to write a letter to her cat up in heaven. She was warned by her mother, who told her that heaven might be too far away and that Tintin might have found a new friend, but Nancy insisted on writing the letter. When she was asked what she had written, she showed the letter to her mother generously. It read, “Dear Tintin, I miss you. Have you found a new friend in heaven ” Tamara was touched by her daughter’s sincere love and kindness. She didn’t want to disappoint her daughter so they posted the letter together.
Before they put the letter in a post box, once again Tamara tried to let her know she probably wouldn’t receive a reply, but Nancy addressed the envelope to “heaven” and mail edit off anyway.
Tamara said, “When we sent the letter I didn’t expect anything to comeback and I don’t think Nancy did, either. But it was important for her to say a proper goodbye. Getting a response was the last thing we expected.” Tamara and Nancy didn’t know a postman named Clive Edwards was on duty that day and he saw the letter addressed to heaven and wanted to help Nancy find some comfort in her loss.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
To their surprise, they received a letter from “Tintin” just a week later! Of course, it wasn’t true Tintin who had written back. Clive wrote the letter as if he were Tintin. It read, “Dear Nancy, thank you for sending me your letter. I’m OK in heaven and being looked after well by the angels. I know you are sad that I’m not there with you but please don’t be...” Nancy finished reading the comforting words, tears welling up in her eyes. Seeing the happy smile back on her daughter’s face, Tamara felt a huge burden lifted from her shoulders.
Tamara shared the story on the Internet hoping to find the sender. The heartwarming story soon went viral online, and thanks to the efforts of those sharing her post, she got in touch with Clive. Tamara conveyed sincere thanks to him for that valuable letter. “Nancy really needed one final goodbye. When she learned that Tintin was OK without her being there to look after her, she started to get over the loss,” Tamara said. Relieved and delighted, the kind-hearted postman Clive responded that he just did what anyone else would have done.
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