2024-2025学年山东省济南西城实验中学高一上学期12月月考英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年山东省济南西城实验中学高一上学期12月月考英语试题（含答案） |  | |
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2024-2025学年山东省济南西城实验中学高一上学期12月月考英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship.
21. What does the BUGS program mainly do
A. Provide job training for students.
B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat.
D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables.
22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty
A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students.
C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale.
23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest
A. Chicago. B. Baltimore.
C. Boston. D. New York.
B
Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events.
The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School.
The two got to work meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions.
Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down.
“I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said.
Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that.
Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there.
“I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.”
Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him.
24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai
A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class.
C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp.
25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung
A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support.
C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her.
26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event
A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry.
C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event
B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher
C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life
D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher
C
At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.”
Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.”
Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤).
“I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.”
“They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.”
Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!”
28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight
A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting.
C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives.
29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do
A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars.
C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases.
30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus.
C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough.
31. What kind of person is Bertozzi
A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous.
C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working.
D
Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth.
Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life.
“This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.”
A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon.
“Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.”
Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species.
The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species.
“Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said.
32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text
A. Large species are protected.
B. Other species are protected as well.
C. Large plants become more productive.
D. More large animals transport nutrients.
33. In what way are large species similar to large banks
A. In their large sizes.
B. In the economic impact.
C. In their vital roles in their systems.
D. In their ways to deal with problems.
34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on
A. Conservation concerns for all large species.
B. Donations to conservation of large species.
C. Conservation resources for endangered species.
D. Debate about how to use conservation resources.
35 What can be concluded from the new study
A. More large species are needed on the planet.
B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth.
C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species.
D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them.
第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others.
___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals.
Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message.
Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___
Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view.
A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation.
B. Be a good role model and lead by example.
C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere.
D. Improve your active listening skills.
E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy.
F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word.
G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people.
He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor.
When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up ”
Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___ ” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk.
His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___!
It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new.
41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed
42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable
43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience
44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with
45. A. before B. after C. when D. since
46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared
47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly
48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order
49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept
50. A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean
51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve
52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held
53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action
54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions
55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform.
Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century.
At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock).
The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat.
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写)
67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写)
72. In order to gain insight into the issue, we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括：
1. 写信原因；
2. 你的困惑；
3. 请求帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cheslie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
济南西城实验中学
高一英语阶段性学情检测试题 答案版
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship.
21. What does the BUGS program mainly do
A. Provide job training for students.
B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat.
D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables.
22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty
A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students.
C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale.
23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest
A. Chicago. B. Baltimore.
C. Boston. D. New York.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
B
Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events.
The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School.
The two got to work, meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions.
Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down.
“I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said.
Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that.
Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there.
“I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.”
Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him.
24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai
A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class.
C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp.
25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung
A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support.
C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her.
26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event
A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry.
C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event
B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher
C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life
D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
C
At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.”
Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.”
Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤).
“I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.”
“They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.”
Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!”
28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight
A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting.
C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives.
29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do
A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars.
C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases.
30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus.
C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough.
31. What kind of person is Bertozzi
A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous.
C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C
D
Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth.
Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life.
“This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.”
A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon.
“Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.”
Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species.
The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species.
“Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said.
32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text
A. Large species are protected.
B. Other species are protected as well.
C. Large plants become more productive.
D. More large animals transport nutrients.
33. In what way are large species similar to large banks
A. In their large sizes.
B. In the economic impact.
C. In their vital roles in their systems.
D. In their ways to deal with problems.
34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on
A. Conservation concerns for all large species.
B. Donations to conservation of large species.
C. Conservation resources for endangered species.
D. Debate about how to use conservation resources.
35. What can be concluded from the new study
A. More large species are needed on the planet.
B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth.
C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species.
D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others.
___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals.
Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message.
Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___
Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view.
A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation.
B. Be a good role model and lead by example.
C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere.
D. Improve your active listening skills.
E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy.
F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word.
G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. A
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people.
He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor.
When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up ”
Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___ ” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk.
His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___!
It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new.
41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed
42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable
43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience
44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with
45. A. before B. after C. when D. since
46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared
47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly
48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order
49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept
50 A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean
51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve
52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held
53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action
54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions
55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform.
Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century.
At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock).
The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat.
【答案】56. has received
57. to be found
58. to 59. prized
60. which##that
61. an 62. was unlocked
63. but 64. bringing
65. regions
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】effort##ffort
67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struck
68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】swept##wept
70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】affected
71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】referred##eferred
72. In order to gain insight into the issue we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】varieties
73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struggle
74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】means
75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appreciated##ppreciated
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括：
1. 写信原因；
2. 你的困惑；
3. 请求帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cheslie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Cheslie,
I am writing to ask you to do me a favor. I’ll participate in an English speech contest with the title “Charming China”. I’ve finished my speech draft, but I find it far from satisfactory.
Firstly, I’m not sure of some proper expressions in English and not aware of the mistakes in grammar and sentence structures. Would you please go through the attachment to this email and then help me correct the mistakes and polish the speech draft Besides, I am pretty nervous about the speech, so I’d like you to offer me some presentation skills, which can improve my performance. I’d appreciate it if you could give me your guidance.
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship.
21. What does the BUGS program mainly do
A. Provide job training for students.
B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat.
D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables.
22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty
A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students.
C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale.
23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest
A. Chicago. B. Baltimore.
C. Boston. D. New York.
B
Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events.
The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School.
The two got to work meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions.
Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down.
“I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said.
Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that.
Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there.
“I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.”
Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him.
24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai
A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class.
C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp.
25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung
A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support.
C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her.
26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event
A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry.
C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event
B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher
C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life
D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher
C
At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.”
Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.”
Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤).
“I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.”
“They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.”
Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!”
28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight
A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting.
C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives.
29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do
A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars.
C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases.
30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus.
C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough.
31. What kind of person is Bertozzi
A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous.
C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working.
D
Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth.
Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life.
“This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.”
A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon.
“Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.”
Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species.
The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species.
“Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said.
32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text
A. Large species are protected.
B. Other species are protected as well.
C. Large plants become more productive.
D. More large animals transport nutrients.
33. In what way are large species similar to large banks
A. In their large sizes.
B. In the economic impact.
C. In their vital roles in their systems.
D. In their ways to deal with problems.
34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on
A. Conservation concerns for all large species.
B. Donations to conservation of large species.
C. Conservation resources for endangered species.
D. Debate about how to use conservation resources.
35 What can be concluded from the new study
A. More large species are needed on the planet.
B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth.
C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species.
D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them.
第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others.
___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals.
Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message.
Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___
Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view.
A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation.
B. Be a good role model and lead by example.
C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere.
D. Improve your active listening skills.
E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy.
F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word.
G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people.
He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor.
When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up ”
Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___ ” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk.
His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___!
It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new.
41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed
42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable
43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience
44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with
45. A. before B. after C. when D. since
46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared
47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly
48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order
49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept
50. A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean
51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve
52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held
53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action
54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions
55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform.
Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century.
At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock).
The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat.
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写)
67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写)
72. In order to gain insight into the issue, we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括：
1. 写信原因；
2. 你的困惑；
3. 请求帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cheslie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
济南西城实验中学
高一英语阶段性学情检测试题 答案版
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship.
21. What does the BUGS program mainly do
A. Provide job training for students.
B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat.
D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables.
22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty
A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students.
C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale.
23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest
A. Chicago. B. Baltimore.
C. Boston. D. New York.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
B
Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events.
The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School.
The two got to work, meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions.
Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down.
“I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said.
Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that.
Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there.
“I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.”
Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him.
24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai
A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class.
C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp.
25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung
A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support.
C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her.
26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event
A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry.
C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event
B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher
C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life
D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
C
At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.”
Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.”
Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤).
“I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.”
“They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.”
Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!”
28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight
A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting.
C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives.
29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do
A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars.
C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases.
30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus.
C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough.
31. What kind of person is Bertozzi
A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous.
C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C
D
Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth.
Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life.
“This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.”
A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon.
“Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.”
Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species.
The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species.
“Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said.
32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text
A. Large species are protected.
B. Other species are protected as well.
C. Large plants become more productive.
D. More large animals transport nutrients.
33. In what way are large species similar to large banks
A. In their large sizes.
B. In the economic impact.
C. In their vital roles in their systems.
D. In their ways to deal with problems.
34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on
A. Conservation concerns for all large species.
B. Donations to conservation of large species.
C. Conservation resources for endangered species.
D. Debate about how to use conservation resources.
35. What can be concluded from the new study
A. More large species are needed on the planet.
B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth.
C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species.
D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others.
___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals.
Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message.
Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___
Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view.
A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation.
B. Be a good role model and lead by example.
C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere.
D. Improve your active listening skills.
E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy.
F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word.
G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. A
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people.
He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor.
When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up ”
Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___ ” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk.
His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___!
It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new.
41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed
42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable
43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience
44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with
45. A. before B. after C. when D. since
46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared
47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly
48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order
49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept
50 A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean
51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve
52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held
53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action
54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions
55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform.
Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century.
At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock).
The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat.
【答案】56. has received
57. to be found
58. to 59. prized
60. which##that
61. an 62. was unlocked
63. but 64. bringing
65. regions
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】effort##ffort
67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struck
68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】swept##wept
70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】affected
71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】referred##eferred
72. In order to gain insight into the issue we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】varieties
73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】struggle
74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】means
75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appreciated##ppreciated
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括：
1. 写信原因；
2. 你的困惑；
3. 请求帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cheslie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Cheslie,
I am writing to ask you to do me a favor. I’ll participate in an English speech contest with the title “Charming China”. I’ve finished my speech draft, but I find it far from satisfactory.
Firstly, I’m not sure of some proper expressions in English and not aware of the mistakes in grammar and sentence structures. Would you please go through the attachment to this email and then help me correct the mistakes and polish the speech draft Besides, I am pretty nervous about the speech, so I’d like you to offer me some presentation skills, which can improve my performance. I’d appreciate it if you could give me your guidance.
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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