2024-2025学年陕西省耀州中学高三上学期适应性演练英语试卷（二）(含答案）

2024-2025学年陕西省耀州中学高三上学期适应性演练英语试卷（二）注意事项：
1．认真填写个人信息，包括姓名、考号等，确保信息准确无误。
2．仔细阅读题目要求，理解题意后再作答。答题时字迹清晰、工整，避免涂改。
3．按照题目序号依次答题，不要跳题或漏题。在答题卡上答题时，注意对应题号，确保答案填写在正确的位置。
4．选择题要用2B铅笔将正确答案的选项涂满、涂实；主观题要用黑色签字笔作答，保持卷面整洁。
5．不得在考试结束后私自带走试卷及答题卡
第一部分 听力（30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the speakers do on Thursday
A．Play football. B．Watch a movie. C．Go hiking.
2．What does the man want to do
A．Place an order. B．Design a uniform. C．Form a team.
3．Which is Sally’s favorite city
A．Paris. B．Madrid. C．Venice.
4．Where will the speakers go
A．To a cafe. B．To a dessert shop. C．To a bookstore.
5．What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man
A．His teacher. B．His client. C．His boss.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man doing
A．Driving a car B．Repairing a car. C．Borrowing a car.
7．How does the man sound in the end
A．Confused. B．Hesitant. C．Confident.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What are the speakers discussing
A．A job candidate. B．A new workmate. C．Travel arrangements.
9．How does Steven Johnson impress the man
A．By his working experiences.
B．By his communication skills.
C．By his international background.
10．When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson
A．Tomorrow. B．Next week. C．The week after next.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What will the man do on Monday
A．Start a new position. B．Pack his belongings. C．Attend a meeting.
12．What is the man busy doing now
A．Moving to his new office.
B．Checking off office supplies.
C．Preparing for a promotion campaign.
13．What does the woman offer to do
A．Review an expense report.
B．Provide the man with supplies.
C．Arrange a company celebration.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Where will the event take place
A．At a coffee shop. B．At a music hall. C．At a park.
15．Why did the woman choose the location
A．It’s private. B．It’s family-friendly. C．It’s requested by the charity.
16．What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Organize some activities. B．Contribute some money. C．Contact some bands.
17．What is the event’s purpose
A．To hear some live music.
B．To help an animal shelter.
C．To have some family fun.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Why did the speaker learn Arabic
A．She wanted to study in Cairo.
B．She was inspired by her teacher.
C．She became interested in the culture.
19．What is the biggest challenge for the speaker
A．Suffering from culture shock.
B．Finding a hotel and accommodation.
C．Mastering written and spoken Arabic.
20．What excites the speaker most
A．Being invited to a meal.
B．Shopping at a local market.
C．Getting to know the locals.
第二部分 阅读理解（40分）
A
Anxiety isn’t funny. When we feel worried or afraid, the last thing we feel like doing is laughing. Finding humor can be difficult when we live with anxiety. However, if we begin to look for humor, we can find that laughter can be a great coping skill.
Researchers have discovered that laughter has many benefits. Among the ways laughter lifts us by increasing our overall well-being and boosting our mental health. When we live with anxiety, our stress hormones pulse through us. This makes us feel tense and anxious. Although there are no quick solutions for anything in our life, a good laugh can instantly begin to reduce these harmful stress hormones that are mixed with anxiety. Laughter gets to work immediately, and a regular “diet” of laughter continues to decrease anxiety over time.
The act of laughing is similar to deep breathing in its ability to increase the oxygen in our bined with reducing stress hormones, the increased oxygen in our bodies helps lead to muscle relaxation. All of this helps reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety.
Laughing feels good. It’s addictive and we can keep wanting more. When we laugh regularly, our anxiety begins to decrease. When we have humor and give ourselves a chance to laugh a little bit for even a short while each day, we distract our focus. Rather than seeing the world within or without as a worrying place, we start to see it as a good, safe, and perhaps even fun place. We start to see beyond the anxiety. Sure, the anxiety lingers（徘徊）for a while, but every time we laugh, we can reduce it.
Introducing intentional laughter into our life decreases our stress hormones. Breathing deeply during the act of laughing relaxes muscles. Thinking about something funny shifts our focus to new things. Having humor regularly helps our outlook become more positive.
1. What can make us feel nervous
A. Pulsing stress hormones. B. Lacking sense of humour.
C. Tiredness and sleepiness. D. Feeling eager to get something.
2. Why is deep breathing mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To compare it with taking exercise.
B. To suggest people do it more often.
C. To show its importance to the body.
D. To explain how laughing reduces anxiety.
3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on in terms of laughter
A. Its functions. B. Its concept.
C. Its causes. D. Its disadvantages.
B
A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology.” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency, some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in various conversations, it seemed to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster. The WEF mindset is similar to the Silicon Valley dictate — to move fast and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science Or public trust
The WEF meeting took place just two weeks after Harvard University President Claudine Gay stepped down after complaints were made about her political science scholarship. In response, Gay requested corrections to several of her papers. Although it may be impossible to determine just how widespread such problems really are, it’s hard to imagine that the scene of high-profile scholars correcting and retracting papers has not had a negative impact on public trust in science and perhaps in experts broadly.
In recent years we’ve seen important papers, written by outstanding scientists and published in celebrated journals, retracted because of questionable data or methods, hence a question: Are scholars at supercompetitive places such as Harvard and Stanford rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right
It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of what constitutes “rushing.” But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendous pressure to produce results — and a lot of them — quickly.
The problem is not unique to the U. S. In Europe, formal research assessments — which are used to allocate (分配) future funding — have for years judged academic departments largely on the quantity of their output. A recent reform urging an emphasis on quality over quantity allowed that the existing system had created “counterincentives.”
Good science takes time. More than 50 years elapsed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift.
There’s plenty of circumstantial evidence that scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the sheer volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at more than seven million a year compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down if we are to produce knowledge worthy of trust.
4. WEF meeting in Switzerland advocated that ________.
A. researchers need to achieve breakthroughs more rapidly
B. public trust in science is not supposed to be easily broken
C. WEF and Silicon Valley reach an agreement to move fast
D. climate emergency and AI push scientific research hard
5. Which of the following examples fails to prove that good science takes time
A. Gay’s correction and retraction of papers. B. Publication of Copernicus’s theory.
C. High-profile scholars’ tremendous output. D. Acceptance of the idea of continental drift.
6. The underlined word “counterincentives” in para. 5 probably means ________.
A. measures to increase quantities of output B. discouragements of high quality papers
C. rewards for leading universities’ research D. contradictory motives for future funding
7. Which of the following is best title of the passage
A. WEF Coincides with Silicon Valley B. Collapse of Public Trust
C. Dilemma between Quantity and Quality D. Trouble in the Fast Lane
C
Phonetic (语音) information—the smallest sound elements of speech - is considered by researchers to be the basis of language. Babies are thought to learn these small sound elements and add them together to make words. But a new study suggests that phonetic information is learnt too late and slowly for this to be the case. Instead, rhythmic (有韵律的) speech helps babies learn language and is effective even in the first few months of life.
Researchers from the Trinity College Dublin investigated babies’ ability to process phonetic information during their first year. Their study, published in the journal Nature Communications. found that phonetic information wasn’t successfully encoded (编码) until seven months old, and did not occur very often at 11 months old when babies began to say their first words. From then individual speech sounds are still added in very slowly—too slowly to form the basis of language.
The researchers recorded patterns of brain activity in 50 babies at four, seven, and eleven months old as they watched a video of a primary school teacher singing 18 nursery rhymes (童谣) to a baby. They found that phonetic encoding in babies appeared inchmeal over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds (e.g. “d” for “daddy”) and nasal sounds (e.g. “m” for “mummy”), with the “read out” progressively looking more like that of adults.
“The reason why we use nursery rhymes is because that is the best way for babies to discover and connect sounds with language, so we are teaching them how to speak,” said Giovanni Di Liberto, lead author of the study at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. “Parents should talk and sing to their babies as much as possible or use baby-directed speech because it will make a difference to language outcome,” she added.
8. What should babies learn in the first few months of life according to the new study
A. Small sound elements B. Rhythmic information.
C. Phonetic information. D. Individual words.
9. What does the author mainly discuss in paragraph 2
A. The poor phonetic encoding in babies. B. The advantages of phonetic information.
C. The babies’ great ability to learn language. D. The babies’ growing process in the first year.
10. What does the underlined word “inchmeal” mean in paragraph 3
A. Gradually. B. Suddenly. C. Successfully. D. Occasionally.
11. What is the best title of the text
A. When Babies Are Able to Say Their First Words
B How Phonetic Information Changes Over Time
C. Why Phonetic Is Better Than Rhythmic for Babies
D. Why Babies Need Nursery Rhymes for Language Mastery
D
Sleep-deprived (缺乏睡眠的) human parents know the value of a quick nap, but it turns out Chinstrap penguins have us all beat. When nesting, these Antarctic birds take four-second-long “microsleeps,” a strategy that allows parents to keep constant watch over vulnerable eggs and chicks, all while amounting to 11 hours of total sleep a day, according to a new study.
It’s hard to sleep in a community of nesting Chinstrap penguins. The Antarctic summer sun provides 24/7 daylight. And then there’s the eye-watering smell of ammonia mixed with rotting fish and penguin wastes. “It made me dizzy,” says co-study leader Won Young Lee, a researcher at the Korea Polar Research Institute.
Like other penguins, Chinstrap parents take turns guarding the nest. While one bird protects the chicks, the partner hunts at sea. Then the penguins trade places. For two months between egg laying and fledging, it’s a series of nonstop demands.
To study how penguins manage to accomplish all this and get the necessary sleep, Lee and his team first stuck biologgers, small battery-powered devices, to the backs of 14 nesting penguins of both sexes. This device functions like a smartwatch, measuring physical activity, pulse, and the ocean depths of hunting birds. Next, the team captured each of the penguins, anesthetizing (麻醉) them to attach the devices and temporarily implant electrodes into their skull to measure brain activity. When an animal is awake, the brain constantly buzzes with activity. During sleep, however, brain waves slow down and stretch out. When Lee started reviewing the data, he was surprised to discover the birds slept in four-second intervals (间隔) throughout the day and night while caring for their egg or chick.
While the data is convincing, Cirelli, a neuroscientist at the University of Wisconsin who wasn’t involved in the study, notes that the researchers only studied the penguins during nesting periods, making it impossible to tell if the birds microsleep when they’re not parenting. The other challenge is understanding how micro sleep impacts the brains and bodies of the penguins. Sleep deprivation in humans causes a range of health problems, and it’s not clear whether penguins experience this, too.
12. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Exposed. B. Broken. C. Stolen. D. Genuine.
13 How did the researchers collect data for the study
A. They stuck smartwatches to the back of penguins.
B. They recorded the penguins’ waking and sleep duration.
C. They captured the penguins and placed devices into their nests.
D. They monitored their physical and brain activity using different devices.
14. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. The prospect of the research.
B. The limitations of the research.
C. Microsleep is common in parenting penguins.
D. Microsleep may cause health problems to penguins.
15. What can be a possible title for the text
A. A short-term strategy to deal with lack of food
B. A short-term strategy to cope with extreme weather
C. A 4-second nap: penguin parents survive on “microsleeps”
D. A 4-second nap: Chinstrap penguins seek to hunt for enough food
E
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through the Gate of Heavenly Peace (Tian’an men). Because of its centrality as well as restricted access, the palace was called The Forbidden City. It was built from 1406 to 1420 by the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor who was determined to move his capital northward from Nanjing to Beijing. The Ming dynasty fell to the Manchu Qing in 1644 and in 1911 the Qing dynasty was overthrown by the republican revolutionaries. ___16___
___17___Measuring 961 meters from north to south and 753 meters from east to west, it covers an area of 1,110,000 square meters. Each of the four sides is pierced by a gate: the Meridian Gate (Wu men) on the south, the Gate of Divine Prowess (Shenwu men) on the north, the Eastern and Western Prosperity Gates (Donghua men and Xihua men). Once inside, visitors will see a succession of halls and palaces spreading out on either side of an invisible central axis(轴线). The buildings glowing yellow roofs levitating above red walls is a magnificent sight.
The southern portion of the Forbidden City centers on three main halls “Hall of Supreme Harmony (Tathedian), Hall of Central Harmony (Zhonghedian). and Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohedian). ___18___Mirroring this arrangement is the Inner Court comprising the northern portion of the Forbidden City. The Inner Court is comprised of not only the residences of the emperor and his wives but also venues for religious activities.
___19___These were precisely designed in accordance with a code of architectural hierarchy(等级制度), which designated specific features to reflect the paramount authority and status of the emperor. No ordinary people would have been allowed or would even have dared to come within close proximity to these buildings.
___20___‘The collection, displayed in gallery halls throughout the complex, is becoming increasingly more accessible with digital technologies. The Museum’s website, established in 2001, is dedicated to presenting a ”Digital Palace Museum“ by which the wealth of cultural heritage contained in the Forbidden City may be effectively spread worldwide.
A. It was here in the Outer Court that the emperor held court and conducted grand audiences.
B. During nearly six hundred years, twenty-four emperors lived and ruled from this palace.
C. In total, the buildings of the two courts account for an area of some 163,000 square meters.
D. The Palace Museum’s range of publications has created further interest in domains such as the Forbidden City’s history, architecture, and vast cultural holdings.
E. The Forbidden City is surrounded by 10-metre-high walls and a 52-metre-wide moat.
F. Although the Forbidden City used to be an impenetrable fortress the imperial palace is now apublic museum.
G. The Museum’s administration launched a policy of comprehensive restoration.
第三部分 语言应用（30分）
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Rise of China-chic
A renaissance of traditional Chinese clothing ____21____(know) as Hanfu has made a comeback among Chinese youngsters. If you look ____22____(close) around your city, you might spot girls wearing Hanfu in subways or on the streets. The boom of Hanfu, also called “China-chic”, is taking hold in China now.
The term “China-chic” mirrors the rise of some China’s native fashion ____23____(tendency). It has gained wide ____24____(recognize) as the representation of Chinese culture and aesthetics (美学) contained in home-grown Chinese brands.
The Hanfu movement is believed ____25____(start) in 2003 when a few people began to wear the clothing publicly. Slowly, ____26____ tendency caught on and universities started having clubs relevant ____27____ Hanfu clothing. The related keyword was searched for over 12.6 billion times in 2018, and from January to July 2019 that number increased by nearly 400%. Then what sparkled the Chinese customers’ passion
The following ____28____(promote) factors can account for the popularity of Hanfu — the enhanced traditional cultural identity, the revival of traditional culture ____29____ the pursuit of personal individuality, etc. The enthusiasm behind Hanfu movement is also translating into big business.
No matter how the trend ____30____(develop), there’s one thing that won’t shift. Behind the craze is people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their growing confidence in national culture.
B
I have loved and cared for all kinds of creatures for as long as I can remember. A few years ago, I came across news reports that said animals with ____31____ challenges are less likely to be adopted from ____32____ and are more at risk of being killed without pain.
I had to ____33____ up with some way to help because I believe all living things deserve a ____34____. During the pandemic, when activities were ____35____ and I was mostly at home, I had the perfect opportunity to go through online ways on how to build a ____36____ to help them. It takes me from a few weeks to a couple of months to make one. Each wheelchair is ____37____ and depends on the size of the animal and the type of support they require. I have built 16 wheelchairs so far, for dogs, a cat, a hedgehog — and a sling for a duck. When I help an animal ____38____ their moving ability back, it feels so rewarding and means ____39____ to me. Knowing that I’ve made a _____40_____ in an animal’s life makes me feel needed, and seeing them use their wheelchair for the first time is _____41_____ priceless.
It warms my heart! No matter what ability or disability an animal or human has, they deserve the best _____42_____ of life possible. If you have a _____43_____ for something and feel that you can change something, no matter how _____44_____, then go for it. Have confidence and believe in yourself, and don’t let anyone _____45_____ you!
31. A. learning B. mental C. mobility D. sight
32. A. shelters B. hospitals C. businesses D. labs
33. A. speak B. take C. show D. come
34. A. race B. school C. chance D. prize
35. A. agreed B. returned C. canceled D. arranged
36. A. house B. furniture C. tent D. device
37. A. expensive B. tailored C. multifunctional D. complex
38. A. hold B. push C. gain D. set
39. A. the world B. the thing C. the freedom D. the life
40. A. wish B. difference C. circle D. miracle
41. A. cautiously B. hardly C. normally D. absolutely
42. A. game B. quality C. lesson D. wheelchair
43. A. problem B. cure C. way D. passion
44. A. random B. moving C. small D. efficient
45. A. bother B. submit C. seize D. discourage
第四部分 习作（50分）
A（15分）
请根据上下文内容,将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语,并将答案转写到答题卡上。
Along with physical changes, there come many psychological changes. Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard. ___46___ Many boys become risk-takers — they want to find their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behavior. At the same time, ___47___女孩子们往往需要某个人 — anyone — to talk to, as they try to deal with their strong feelings. In the social world, as teenagers get older, ___48___ they struggle to depend on themselves. They may badly want and need their parents' love, yet feeling distant; ___49___他们可能想成为团队的一员,yet desire independence. ___50___ Since teenagers have difficulty balancing these needs, they often question who they are and how they fit in society.
51. 语段翻译
在过去的十年里，人们的意识得到了明显改善，保护区域正变得越来越大，这使得动物的数量增加了。此外，由于政府的干预，采取了有效的措施来保护生态，保持生物平衡。显然，所有的努力都是有益的。更多保护动物免受死亡的法律生效，导致人类和动物之间的和谐共存。然而，为了保护濒危动物和减少野生动物感染病毒的传播，我们需要阻止人类入侵它们的栖息地和建立更多的自然保护区。
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B（15分）
52. 在近日，我国科技航天领域取得了重要的进步，就在这时，你的外国笔友Pannel向你发来邮件询问你相关事宜，但正当你准备给他回信时，你突然想到这可能有损国家利益和国家机密，属于违法行为，然后停止了回信，反思起了自己的差一点就过失的行为。
要求：1．正确立意；2．字数不少于80字；3．文章中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名以及有可能泄露个人信息的相关内容；4．文章中应出现以下单词： happiness our English Chinese/ China
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C（20分）
53. Directions: Read the passage carefully. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Rock Climbing: Conservationists’ New Concern
With its first-ever appearance at the Olympics, sport climbing, a once minority sport, is now set to reach new heights. Yet the increasing popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or safety belts), is raising questions about the damaging effects of climbing chalk-a common and essential climbing tool.
Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), the chalk has also been used by gymnasts and weightlifters to improve their ability to grip bars and weights (in these sports, though, it’s not called climbing chalk). In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill, who is considered by many to be the father of modern bouldering. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk’s water-removing, friction-increasing properties and have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world.
The resulting “chalk graffiti” has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict the use of this chalk. Utah’s Arches National Park now only allows the use of colored chalk that matches the color of the area’s rocks, while Colorado’s Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark has banned all chalk and chalk substitutes.
Beyond visual pollution, new research suggests that this chalk could be causing harm to the plants that are found growing on these rocks. The latest study on the environmental effects of climbing chalk has found that the substance is able to negatively impact both the growth and the survival of four moss and fern (蕨类和苔藓) species that inhabit rocks — in laboratory settings, at least. That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study’s focus), host unique ecosystems.
It is not even clear as to whether chalk has any effect at all over one’s climbing performance. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Most climbers tend to believe that it is helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich, one of the leading international universities in the natural sciences.
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2025年新高考改革综合适应性演练考试
英语试题（二） 答案版
注意事项：
1．认真填写个人信息，包括姓名、考号等，确保信息准确无误。
2．仔细阅读题目要求，理解题意后再作答。答题时字迹清晰、工整，避免涂改。
3．按照题目序号依次答题，不要跳题或漏题。在答题卡上答题时，注意对应题号，确保答案填写在正确的位置。
4．选择题要用2B铅笔将正确答案的选项涂满、涂实；主观题要用黑色签字笔作答，保持卷面整洁。
5．不得在考试结束后私自带走试卷及答题卡
第一部分 听力（30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the speakers do on Thursday
A．Play football. B．Watch a movie. C．Go hiking.
2．What does the man want to do
A．Place an order. B．Design a uniform. C．Form a team.
3．Which is Sally’s favorite city
A．Paris. B．Madrid. C．Venice.
4．Where will the speakers go
A．To a cafe. B．To a dessert shop. C．To a bookstore.
5．What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man
A．His teacher. B．His client. C．His boss.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man doing
A．Driving a car. B．Repairing a car. C．Borrowing a car.
7．How does the man sound in the end
A．Confused. B．Hesitant. C．Confident.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What are the speakers discussing
A．A job candidate. B．A new workmate. C．Travel arrangements.
9．How does Steven Johnson impress the man
A．By his working experiences.
B．By his communication skills.
C．By his international background.
10．When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson
A．Tomorrow. B．Next week. C．The week after next.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What will the man do on Monday
A．Start a new position. B．Pack his belongings. C．Attend a meeting.
12．What is the man busy doing now
A．Moving to his new office.
B．Checking off office supplies.
C．Preparing for a promotion campaign.
13．What does the woman offer to do
A．Review an expense report.
B．Provide the man with supplies.
C．Arrange a company celebration.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Where will the event take place
A．At a coffee shop. B．At a music hall. C．At a park.
15．Why did the woman choose the location
A．It’s private. B．It’s family-friendly. C．It’s requested by the charity.
16．What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Organize some activities. B．Contribute some money. C．Contact some bands.
17．What is the event’s purpose
A．To hear some live music.
B．To help an animal shelter.
C．To have some family fun.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Why did the speaker learn Arabic
A．She wanted to study in Cairo.
B．She was inspired by her teacher.
C．She became interested in the culture.
19．What is the biggest challenge for the speaker
A．Suffering from culture shock.
B．Finding a hotel and accommodation.
C．Mastering written and spoken Arabic.
20．What excites the speaker most
A．Being invited to a meal.
B．Shopping at a local market.
C．Getting to know the locals.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读理解（40分）
A
Anxiety isn’t funny. When we feel worried or afraid, the last thing we feel like doing is laughing. Finding humor can be difficult when we live with anxiety. However, if we begin to look for humor, we can find that laughter can be a great coping skill.
Researchers have discovered that laughter has many benefits. Among the ways laughter lifts us by increasing our overall well-being and boosting our mental health. When we live with anxiety, our stress hormones pulse through us. This makes us feel tense and anxious. Although there are no quick solutions for anything in our life, a good laugh can instantly begin to reduce these harmful stress hormones that are mixed with anxiety. Laughter gets to work immediately, and a regular “diet” of laughter continues to decrease anxiety over time.
The act of laughing is similar to deep breathing in its ability to increase the oxygen in our bined with reducing stress hormones, the increased oxygen in our bodies helps lead to muscle relaxation. All of this helps reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety.
Laughing feels good. It’s addictive and we can keep wanting more. When we laugh regularly, our anxiety begins to decrease. When we have humor and give ourselves a chance to laugh a little bit for even a short while each day, we distract our focus. Rather than seeing the world within or without as a worrying place, we start to see it as a good, safe, and perhaps even fun place. We start to see beyond the anxiety. Sure, the anxiety lingers（徘徊）for a while, but every time we laugh, we can reduce it.
Introducing intentional laughter into our life decreases our stress hormones. Breathing deeply during the act of laughing relaxes muscles. Thinking about something funny shifts our focus to new things. Having humor regularly helps our outlook become more positive.
1. What can make us feel nervous
A. Pulsing stress hormones. B. Lacking sense of humour.
C. Tiredness and sleepiness. D. Feeling eager to get something.
2. Why is deep breathing mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To compare it with taking exercise.
B. To suggest people do it more often.
C. To show its importance to the body.
D. To explain how laughing reduces anxiety.
3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on in terms of laughter
A. Its functions. B. Its concept.
C. Its causes. D. Its disadvantages.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
B
A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology.” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency, some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in various conversations, it seemed to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster. The WEF mindset is similar to the Silicon Valley dictate — to move fast and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science Or public trust
The WEF meeting took place just two weeks after Harvard University President Claudine Gay stepped down after complaints were made about her political science scholarship. In response, Gay requested corrections to several of her papers. Although it may be impossible to determine just how widespread such problems really are, it’s hard to imagine that the scene of high-profile scholars correcting and retracting papers has not had a negative impact on public trust in science and perhaps in experts broadly.
In recent years we’ve seen important papers, written by outstanding scientists and published in celebrated journals, retracted because of questionable data or methods, hence a question: Are scholars at supercompetitive places such as Harvard and Stanford rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right
It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of what constitutes “rushing.” But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendous pressure to produce results — and a lot of them — quickly.
The problem is not unique to the U. S. In Europe, formal research assessments — which are used to allocate (分配) future funding — have for years judged academic departments largely on the quantity of their output. A recent reform urging an emphasis on quality over quantity allowed that the existing system had created “counterincentives.”
Good science takes time. More than 50 years elapsed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift.
There’s plenty of circumstantial evidence that scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the sheer volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at more than seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down if we are to produce knowledge worthy of trust.
4. WEF meeting in Switzerland advocated that ________.
A. researchers need to achieve breakthroughs more rapidly
B. public trust in science is not supposed to be easily broken
C. WEF and Silicon Valley reach an agreement to move fast
D. climate emergency and AI push scientific research hard
5. Which of the following examples fails to prove that good science takes time
A. Gay’s correction and retraction of papers. B. Publication of Copernicus’s theory.
C. High-profile scholars’ tremendous output. D. Acceptance of the idea of continental drift.
6. The underlined word “counterincentives” in para. 5 probably means ________.
A. measures to increase quantities of output B. discouragements of high quality papers
C. rewards for leading universities’ research D. contradictory motives for future funding
7. Which of the following is best title of the passage
A. WEF Coincides with Silicon Valley B. Collapse of Public Trust
C. Dilemma between Quantity and Quality D. Trouble in the Fast Lane
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
C
Phonetic (语音) information—the smallest sound elements of speech - is considered by researchers to be the basis of language. Babies are thought to learn these small sound elements and add them together to make words. But a new study suggests that phonetic information is learnt too late and slowly for this to be the case. Instead, rhythmic (有韵律的) speech helps babies learn language and is effective even in the first few months of life.
Researchers from the Trinity College Dublin investigated babies’ ability to process phonetic information during their first year. Their study, published in the journal Nature Communications. found that phonetic information wasn’t successfully encoded (编码) until seven months old, and did not occur very often at 11 months old when babies began to say their first words. From then individual speech sounds are still added in very slowly—too slowly to form the basis of language.
The researchers recorded patterns of brain activity in 50 babies at four, seven, and eleven months old as they watched a video of a primary school teacher singing 18 nursery rhymes (童谣) to a baby. They found that phonetic encoding in babies appeared inchmeal over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds (e.g. “d” for “daddy”) and nasal sounds (e.g. “m” for “mummy”), with the “read out” progressively looking more like that of adults.
“The reason why we use nursery rhymes is because that is the best way for babies to discover and connect sounds with language, so we are teaching them how to speak,” said Giovanni Di Liberto, lead author of the study at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. “Parents should talk and sing to their babies as much as possible or use baby-directed speech because it will make a difference to language outcome,” she added.
8. What should babies learn in the first few months of life according to the new study
A. Small sound elements B. Rhythmic information.
C. Phonetic information. D. Individual words.
9. What does the author mainly discuss in paragraph 2
A The poor phonetic encoding in babies. B. The advantages of phonetic information.
C. The babies’ great ability to learn language. D. The babies’ growing process in the first year.
10. What does the underlined word “inchmeal” mean in paragraph 3
A. Gradually. B. Suddenly. C. Successfully. D. Occasionally.
11. What is the best title of the text
A. When Babies Are Able to Say Their First Words
B. How Phonetic Information Changes Over Time
C. Why Phonetic Is Better Than Rhythmic for Babies
D. Why Babies Need Nursery Rhymes for Language Mastery
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D
D
Sleep-deprived (缺乏睡眠的) human parents know the value of a quick nap, but it turns out Chinstrap penguins have us all beat. When nesting, these Antarctic birds take four-second-long “microsleeps,” a strategy that allows parents to keep constant watch over vulnerable eggs and chicks, all while amounting to 11 hours of total sleep a day, according to a new study.
It’s hard to sleep in a community of nesting Chinstrap penguins. The Antarctic summer sun provides 24/7 daylight. And then there’s the eye-watering smell of ammonia mixed with rotting fish and penguin wastes. “It made me dizzy,” says co-study leader Won Young Lee, a researcher at the Korea Polar Research Institute.
Like other penguins, Chinstrap parents take turns guarding the nest. While one bird protects the chicks, the partner hunts at sea. Then the penguins trade places. For two months between egg laying and fledging, it’s a series of nonstop demands.
To study how penguins manage to accomplish all this and get the necessary sleep, Lee and his team first stuck biologgers, small battery-powered devices, to the backs of 14 nesting penguins of both sexes. This device functions like a smartwatch, measuring physical activity, pulse, and the ocean depths of hunting birds. Next, the team captured each of the penguins, anesthetizing (麻醉) them to attach the devices and temporarily implant electrodes into their skull to measure brain activity. When an animal is awake, the brain constantly buzzes with activity. During sleep, however, brain waves slow down and stretch out. When Lee started reviewing the data, he was surprised to discover the birds slept in four-second intervals (间隔) throughout the day and night while caring for their egg or chick.
While the data is convincing, Cirelli, a neuroscientist at the University of Wisconsin who wasn’t involved in the study, notes that the researchers only studied the penguins during nesting periods, making it impossible to tell if the birds microsleep when they’re not parenting. The other challenge is understanding how micro sleep impacts the brains and bodies of the penguins. Sleep deprivation in humans causes a range of health problems, and it’s not clear whether penguins experience this, too.
12. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Exposed. B. Broken. C. Stolen. D. Genuine.
13. How did the researchers collect data for the study
A. They stuck smartwatches to the back of penguins.
B They recorded the penguins’ waking and sleep duration.
C. They captured the penguins and placed devices into their nests.
D. They monitored their physical and brain activity using different devices.
14. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. The prospect of the research.
B. The limitations of the research.
C. Microsleep is common in parenting penguins.
D. Microsleep may cause health problems to penguins.
15. What can be a possible title for the text
A. A short-term strategy to deal with lack of food
B. A short-term strategy to cope with extreme weather
C. A 4-second nap: penguin parents survive on “microsleeps”
D. A 4-second nap: Chinstrap penguins seek to hunt for enough food
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
E
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through the Gate of Heavenly Peace (Tian’an men). Because of its centrality as well as restricted access, the palace was called The Forbidden City. It was built from 1406 to 1420 by the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor who was determined to move his capital northward from Nanjing to Beijing. The Ming dynasty fell to the Manchu Qing in 1644 and in 1911 the Qing dynasty was overthrown by the republican revolutionaries. ___16___
___17___Measuring 961 meters from north to south and 753 meters from east to west, it covers an area of 1,110,000 square meters. Each of the four sides is pierced by a gate: the Meridian Gate (Wu men) on the south, the Gate of Divine Prowess (Shenwu men) on the north, the Eastern and Western Prosperity Gates (Donghua men and Xihua men). Once inside, visitors will see a succession of halls and palaces spreading out on either side of an invisible central axis(轴线). The buildings glowing yellow roofs levitating above red walls is a magnificent sight.
The southern portion of the Forbidden City centers on three main halls “Hall of Supreme Harmony (Tathedian), Hall of Central Harmony (Zhonghedian). and Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohedian). ___18___Mirroring this arrangement is the Inner Court comprising the northern portion of the Forbidden City. The Inner Court is comprised of not only the residences of the emperor and his wives but also venues for religious activities.
___19___These were precisely designed in accordance with a code of architectural hierarchy(等级制度), which designated specific features to reflect the paramount authority and status of the emperor. No ordinary people would have been allowed or would even have dared to come within close proximity to these buildings.
___20___‘The collection, displayed in gallery halls throughout the complex, is becoming increasingly more accessible with digital technologies. The Museum’s website, established in 2001, is dedicated to presenting a ”Digital Palace Museum“ by which the wealth of cultural heritage contained in the Forbidden City may be effectively spread worldwide.
A. It was here in the Outer Court that the emperor held court and conducted grand audiences.
B. During nearly six hundred years, twenty-four emperors lived and ruled from this palace.
C. In total, the buildings of the two courts account for an area of some 163,000 square meters.
D. The Palace Museum’s range of publications has created further interest in domains such as the Forbidden City’s history, architecture, and vast cultural holdings.
E. The Forbidden City is surrounded by 10-metre-high walls and a 52-metre-wide moat.
F. Although the Forbidden City used to be an impenetrable fortress, the imperial palace is now apublic museum.
G. The Museum’s administration launched a policy of comprehensive restoration.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. F
第三部分 语言应用（30分）
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Rise of China-chic
A renaissance of traditional Chinese clothing ____21____(know) as Hanfu has made a comeback among Chinese youngsters. If you look ____22____(close) around your city, you might spot girls wearing Hanfu in subways or on the streets. The boom of Hanfu, also called “China-chic”, is taking hold in China now.
The term “China-chic” mirrors the rise of some China’s native fashion ____23____(tendency). It has gained wide ____24____(recognize) as the representation of Chinese culture and aesthetics (美学) contained in home-grown Chinese brands.
The Hanfu movement is believed ____25____(start) in 2003 when a few people began to wear the clothing publicly. Slowly, ____26____ tendency caught on and universities started having clubs relevant ____27____ Hanfu clothing. The related keyword was searched for over 12.6 billion times in 2018, and from January to July 2019 that number increased by nearly 400%. Then what sparkled the Chinese customers’ passion
The following ____28____(promote) factors can account for the popularity of Hanfu — the enhanced traditional cultural identity, the revival of traditional culture ____29____ the pursuit of personal individuality, etc. The enthusiasm behind Hanfu movement is also translating into big business.
No matter how the trend ____30____(develop), there’s one thing that won’t shift. Behind the craze is people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their growing confidence in national culture.
【答案】21. known
22. closely
23. tendencies
24. recognition
25. to have started
26. the 27. to
28. promoting
29. and 30. develops
B
I have loved and cared for all kinds of creatures for as long as I can remember. A few years ago, I came across news reports that said animals with ____31____ challenges are less likely to be adopted from ____32____ and are more at risk of being killed without pain.
I had to ____33____ up with some way to help because I believe all living things deserve a ____34____. During the pandemic, when activities were ____35____ and I was mostly at home, I had the perfect opportunity to go through online ways on how to build a ____36____ to help them. It takes me from a few weeks to a couple of months to make one. Each wheelchair is ____37____ and depends on the size of the animal and the type of support they require. I have built 16 wheelchairs so far, for dogs, a cat, a hedgehog — and a sling for a duck. When I help an animal ____38____ their moving ability back, it feels so rewarding and means ____39____ to me. Knowing that I’ve made a _____40_____ in an animal’s life makes me feel needed, and seeing them use their wheelchair for the first time is _____41_____ priceless.
It warms my heart! No matter what ability or disability an animal or human has, they deserve the best _____42_____ of life possible. If you have a _____43_____ for something and feel that you can change something, no matter how _____44_____, then go for it. Have confidence and believe in yourself, and don’t let anyone _____45_____ you!
31. A. learning B. mental C. mobility D. sight
32. A. shelters B. hospitals C. businesses D. labs
33. A. speak B. take C. show D. come
34. A. race B. school C. chance D. prize
35. A. agreed B. returned C. canceled D. arranged
36. A. house B. furniture C. tent D. device
37. A. expensive B. tailored C. multifunctional D. complex
38. A. hold B. push C. gain D. set
39. A. the world B. the thing C. the freedom D. the life
40 A. wish B. difference C. circle D. miracle
41. A. cautiously B. hardly C. normally D. absolutely
42. A. game B. quality C. lesson D. wheelchair
43. A. problem B. cure C. way D. passion
44. A. random B. moving C. small D. efficient
45. A. bother B. submit C. seize D. discourage
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 41. D 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D
第四部分 习作（50分）
A（15分）
请根据上下文内容,将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语,并将答案转写到答题卡上。
Along with physical changes, there come many psychological changes. Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard. ___46___ Many boys become risk-takers — they want to find their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behavior. At the same time, ___47___女孩子们往往需要某个人 — anyone — to talk to, as they try to deal with their strong feelings. In the social world, as teenagers get older, ___48___ they struggle to depend on themselves. They may badly want and need their parents' love, yet feeling distant; ___49___他们可能想成为团队的一员,yet desire independence. ___50___ Since teenagers have difficulty balancing these needs, they often question who they are and how they fit in society.
【答案】46. 很多男孩子成了喜欢冒险的人
47. girls often want someone
48. 他们努力地想要自力更生
49. they may want to be part of the group
50. 因为青少年在平衡这些需要时有困难
51. 语段翻译
在过去的十年里，人们的意识得到了明显改善，保护区域正变得越来越大，这使得动物的数量增加了。此外，由于政府的干预，采取了有效的措施来保护生态，保持生物平衡。显然，所有的努力都是有益的。更多保护动物免受死亡的法律生效，导致人类和动物之间的和谐共存。然而，为了保护濒危动物和减少野生动物感染病毒的传播，我们需要阻止人类入侵它们的栖息地和建立更多的自然保护区。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】People’s awareness has been improved dramatically in the past decade, and the conservation areas are becoming larger and larger, which makes the number of animals multiply. Besides, owing to the intervention of the government, effective measures are taken to protect the ecology and keep the biological balance. Apparently, all the efforts are rewarding. More laws which protect animals from being killed come into effect, leading to a harmonious coexistence between mankind and animals. However, to protect the endangered animals and decrease the spread of infectious viruses from wild animals, we need to stop humans from invading their habitats and establish more natural reserves.
B（15分）
52. 在近日，我国科技航天领域取得了重要的进步，就在这时，你的外国笔友Pannel向你发来邮件询问你相关事宜，但正当你准备给他回信时，你突然想到这可能有损国家利益和国家机密，属于违法行为，然后停止了回信，反思起了自己的差一点就过失的行为。
要求：1．正确立意；2．字数不少于80字；3．文章中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名以及有可能泄露个人信息的相关内容；4．文章中应出现以下单词： happiness our English Chinese/ China
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Pannel,
As I was drafting a reply to your recent inquiry about the remarkable advancements in our country’s aerospace technology, a wave of caution washed over me. Amidst the initial surge of happiness to share such exciting news with my dear English friend, I paused to reflect deeply.
It dawned on me that discussing details of our technological breakthroughs could inadvertently venture into territories sensitive to national interests and security. Realizing that such conversations might breach confidentiality and potentially violate laws protecting our nation’s secrets, I abruptly stopped. This close call served as a stark reminder of the boundaries we must respect in our global exchanges. I am grateful for this moment of self-reflection, reinforcing the importance of safeguarding not just personal but also our collective happiness.
I am proud of our Chinese achievements and eager to continue our conversations on broader topics that enrich our understanding of each other’s cultures and lives.
Yours,
Li Hua