福建省福州市长乐第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次月英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 福建省福州市长乐第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次月英语试题（含答案） |  | |
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2024—2025学年第一学期长乐一中阶段二考试
高中二年 英语科试卷
考试日期：12 月19 日 完卷时间： 120分钟 满分： 150分
第I卷（共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Four Amazing Products
NexStride
NexStride is designed for seniors who have conditions like Parkinson’s disease. It is a device that helps those with mobility challenges walk better. It uses light and sound signals to stimulate the brain and improve the coordination (协调) of the body. It can be attached to any walking sticks, and it has adjustable settings to suit different needs.
Ryan
Ryan is an AI-enabled socially assistive robot by DreamFace Technologies designed to engage in personalized conversations, improving cognitive (认知的) function and emotional well-being for older adults. With speech recognition and facial expression recognition, Ryan understands and responds like a close friend.
ElliQ
ElliQ is a social robot that helps older adults live independently at home. It uses a combination of voice sound, light and movement to communicate with them. It can suggest activities such as listening to music, playing games, reading news or video calling with family and friends. ElliQ has a tablet that allows users to access various apps and services, such as email, social media or online shopping.
Nobi
If a person falls, Nobi asks them to confirm it and then makes a trusted contact through an app. The contact can talk to the person through Nobi and unlock the door remotely if needed. Nobi also helps prevent falls by turning on automatically when an older person gets up at night, for instance, to go to the toilet, take their pills or drink some water. Since most falls occur at night, Nobi offers a preventative solution.
21. What is a major feature of NexStride
A. It provides a way to walk with confidence.
B. It proves to be effective in curing Parkinson’s.
C. It enables patients to move like normal people.
D. It can be attached to walking sticks or one’s body.
22. What do Ryan and ElliQ have in common
A. Both may assist their users in shopping. B. Both can interact with their users.
C. Both are for young and old alike. D. Both are equipped with a tablet.
23. Who will show an interest in Nobi
A. Those who hate taking pills. B. Those who get poor sleep.
C. Those who feel lonely. D. Those who fall easily.
B
Scientists in China and Sweden have determined that a small amount of capsaicin, the chemical compound (化合物) that gives chili peppers their unique taste, may be a crucial component for more stable and efficient perovskite (钙钛矿) solar cells.
Perovskites are a family of minerals with common chemical structures that are used to create solar cells. While perovskite semiconductors (半导体) represent a promising component for the most advanced solar cell technologies, they are troubled by nonradiative, an undesirable electron-level process that reduces efficiency and increases heat losses. Researchers sought out a natural, forest-based, inexpensive additive to overcome this limitation and enhance solar cell performance.
“Considering the electric, chemical and stable properties of capsaicin, we found that it would be a promising additive,” says Bao Qinye, senior author of the study from East China Normal University. To test capsaicin’s capabilities, Bao and his teammates added a small amount of the compound into the solar cells. Next, the researchers performed a series of techniques to determine how the capsaicin additive affected the solar cell properties. They found that while devices without capsaicin showed a power transtormation efficiency of only 19.1%, devices containing capsaicin had an efficiency of 21.88%, nearly as high as the record 21.93% efficiency of singie-crystal MAPbl devices, which are a type of perovskite solar cell. The enhanced solar cells also showed improved stability, maintaining more than 90% of their mitial efficiency after 800 hours of being exposed to the air.
Capsaicin enabled these improvements by transforming the peroyskite material’s surface energetics, creating an interface between p-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electron-deficient “holes” than electrons, and n-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electrons than “holes”. This interface promotes charge transport and reduces the loss of efficiency observed in traditional perovskite semiconductors.
While capsaicin may provide a low-cost, widely available additive for the future development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, Bao and his teammates note that further research is required to investigate the compound’s effect on harmless, lead-free (无铅的) perovskites such as inorganic perovskite and double perovskite before it will be ready for commercial applications.
24. What is slowing the progress of perovskite semiconductors
A. Too much unnecessary heat. B. Rising prices of perovskites.
C Nonradiative recombination. D. The complex production line.
25. What do the figures in Paragraph 3 reveal
A. Capsaicin improves perovskite solar cell perrormance.
B. Additives have little influence on solar cell properties.
C. Solar cells often require a high percentage of capsaicin.
D. Traditional perovskite solar cells possess more advantages.
26. What is a major difference between the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers
A. The source of additives. B. The number of electrons.
C. The function of interfaces. D. The size of semiconductors.
27. What might the researchers do next according to Bao
A. Examine if lead can be used as a low-cost additive.
B. Put perovskite solar cells with capsaicin on the market.
C. Develop highly efficient solar cells without any additive.
D. Observe how capsaicin affects eco-friendly perovskites.
C
A start-up has begun planting fungi (真菌) collected from healthy forests at a tree plantation in the US state of Georgia. The effort to “rebuild” the soil microbiome (微生物组) may help grow trees that store more carbon.
Fungi and other microbes in soil are important factors for tree growth and health. They help roots access nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates produced by the trees. Colin Averill, founder of Funga, the company behind the Georgia project, is using soil from healthy forests to introduce it to newly planted trees to make them grow bigger and faster.
The planting is straightforward: a bit of soil from an area of healthy forest is added to a hole where a young tree is planted. Identifying precisely which soil to dig is more complicated. Over the past years, Funga researchers analyzed tree growth rates and studied the DNA of soil microbes in 500 pine forests to identify which composition of microbes is associated with the most growth. They then collected these candidate microbes from the test site and introduced them to new trees in Lexington, Georgia.
They also planted trees without the added soil to establish a baseline against which to compare any additional carbon stored by the treated trees. Results won’t be available until the end of this year, but similar methods increased forest productivity between 30 and 70 per cent at a research plot in Wales.
Averill and his co-workers also analyzed 81 experiments that examined how introducing wild microbiomes to soil affected various types of plants in different ecosystems. They found a range of effects, from a small reduction of biomass to a more than 700 per cent increase. On average, plant biomass increased 64 per cent.
“It’s going to do something,” says Jennifer Bhatnagar at Boston University, though she says how much depends on a lot of factors.
“Sourcing the soil poses another challenge,” says Cindy Prescott at the University of British Columbia in Canada. “Many species of fungi can’t be cultured, and at larger levels, soil removal could degrade the collection sites.”
28. How do fungi influence tree growth
A. By storing carbon within the trees. B. By supplying carbohydrates.
C. By facilitating trees’ nutrient absorption. D. By gathering nutrients in the soil.
29. What can be inferred from the soil identification
A. It simplified the tree planting process.
B. It identified the perfect fungi for older tree growth.
C. It reduced the need for studying the DNA of the soil.
D. It helped choose the best microbes for the tree plantation.
30. Why is a baseline needed
A. To increase forest productivity. B. To assess the impact of added soil.
C. To analyze the activity in wild microbiomes. D. To determine the overall health of the planted trees.
31. What is Cindy Prescott’s attitude toward transplanting fungi
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
D
If it had been up to Peter Higgs, the world would have never noticed his death on April 8th-nor, for that matter, the 94 years of life before it. He valued the respect of his coworkers and treasured his occasional “bright ideas” about the way the universe worked. The fact that one of those ideas ended up boiled down into an object bearing his name was a source of some annoyance.
Dr. Higgs’s best-known idea was crucial but it was understood by only a few people. There are two types of fundamental particles (粒子) fermions and bosons. The symmetrical (对称的) nature of the equations which describe bosons implies that they should be massless. By the 1950s, though, it seemed that some bosons did have mass; some fundamental symmetries were in practice “broken”. Resolving the maths of broken symmetries became the focus of particle physicists. Dr. Higgs’s contribution, made over a few weeks in the summer of 1964, was a mathematical description of a new boson that could give mass to bosons in need of it.
In 1983, a daring upgrade to a particle accelerator (加速器) at CERN, the European physics lab near Geneva, produced direct evidence of three massive bosons-two Ws and a Z. Upset over this, some American physicists told the government which funded them that America was losing an important race. The proposed comeback was the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), a particle accelerator of extraordinary power. The Higgs boson was a key part of the proposal. The particle’s existence was predicted but, as had been the case with the Ws and Z, its discovery was impossible without a powerful enough machine. The SSC would be that machine.
In 1993 America cancelled the SSC but CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) carried on. The LHC delivered the goods in 2012, and the Nobel Prize committee followed suit the next year. Dr. Higgs smiled sometimes and bore the attention. However, what scientists actually want from big science rarely boils down to a single thing; they want the means with which to explore widely. As Dr. Higgs always knew, what really matters is the process, not the prize.
32. What can we say about Dr. Higgs according to paragraph 1
A. He preferred a quiet life.
B. His death was little known to others.
C. He made many discoveries bearing his name.
D. His understanding of the universe was confusing.
33. What breakthrough did Dr. Higgs achieve
A. He proved why fermions are massless. B. He differentiated two categories of particles.
C. He explained how some bosons gained mass. D. He broke the fundamental symmetries.
34. Why was the SSC proposed
A. To track down the Higgs boson.
B. To search for fermions and bosons.
C. To prove the existence of two Ws and a Z.
D. To help predict the possible adaptations of bosons.
35. What did Dr. Higgs think of winning the Nobel Prize
A. Difficult. B. Insignificant. C. Satisfying. D. Far-reaching.
第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Pathways to Scientific Breakthroughs
The Genesis of Novel Ideas
Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. ____36____. When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts.
Collaboration: A Winning Formula
In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. ____37____. Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.
Weathering the Storm of Setbacks
The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. ____38____. But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success.
____39____
Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.
The Road Ahead
To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. ____40____. Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries.
A. So, what qualities should future scientists focus on
B. They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions.
C. How can scientists make the best use of collaborations
D. Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements
E. It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs.
F What drives scientists to persevere through failures
G. But they don’t let these setbacks derail them.
第三部分 语言运用（满分15分）
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Early in the morning, while it’s still dark outside, I rise from bed, anticipating the day ahead. I leave my room and go downstairs to the ____41____ room of the assisted living facility. There I have ____42____ a quiet place in which to write. I love to write and, in those early morning hours before dawn, I can ____43____. I call these couple of hours in the very early part of my day “My Quiet Hours.” I can think clearly when it’s just me and the ____44____ of a soon-to-be-noisy dining room.
When breakfast is over and the day has officially ____45____, I must sneak (偷偷地做) moments for ____46____ into my day. While the other ____47____ go to the Activities Room to ____48____ themselves — making birthday cards or playing card games, I quietly close the door to my room and remain ____49____ and write. These quiet moments I _____50_____ for myself take up most of my day, and I like it that way.
One of the _____51_____ of living in an assisted living facility is that, after all these years, I can spend more time doing what I love to do. Gone are the _____52_____ days that didn’t offer any spare time for me to construct a _____53_____, let alone a sentence. All of us need _____54_____ time to examine our lives openly and honestly — spending quiet time alone gives my mind a(n) _____55_____ to renew itself.
41. A. meeting B. dining C. living D. dressing
42. A. found B. ruined C. sensed D. shown
43. A. stay B. eat C. sleep D. think
44. A. darkness B. loneliness C. silence D. distance
45. A. begun B. passed C. returned D. broken
46. A. teaching B. writing C. cleaning D. playing
47. A. employees B. residents C. neighbors D. relatives
48. A. introduce B. behave C. entertain D. convince
49. A. at a loss B. out of sight C. under the weather D. in the way
50. A. come across B. lay down C. put away D. set aside
51. A. beauties B. challenges C. means D. moments
52. A. joyful B. lazy C. busy D. peaceful
53. A. chapter B. plot C. phrase D. mode
54. A. limited B. equal C. familiar D. quiet
55. A. opportunity B. identity C. diversity D. responsibility
第II卷（共55分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Organic Agriculture: A Sustainable Approach to Farming
In recent decades, organic agriculture ____56____ (transform) the way we grow food, emerging as a vital alternative ____57____ conventional farming quietly.
Unlike conventional farming that leans heavily on synthetic (合成) pesticides, fertilizers, and ____58____ (genetic) modified organisms (GMOs), organic farming takes a natural approach. Organic farmers use compost and manure to boost soil fertility. These natural fertilizers work wonders, enhancing soil structure, allowing it to hold water better and supply nutrients stably, ____59____ is crucial for long-term productivity.
Crop rotation is also crucial; changing crops seasonally prevents pest and disease outbreaks and balances nutrient ____60____ (consume). For pest control, instead of chemical sprays, farmers introduce ____61____ (benefit) insects or set up physical barriers.
The benefits are far-reaching. Environmentally, it lessens chemical runoff into rivers and lakes, safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. It also cuts down greenhouse gas emissions ____62____ (associate) with producing synthetic fertilizers. For consumers, organic produce is free ____63____ harmful residues (残留) and may have more nutrients and better taste.
Nevertheless, organic farming isn’t without challenges. Yields might be lower initially ____64____ (compare) to conventional methods, and higher production costs can make organic products pricier. But as consumer demand for safe, healthy food surges, more research and technological advancements are underway.
Organic agriculture holds the promise of feeding future generations while protecting our planet. It’s a testament (证据) to the idea _____65_____ working with nature, not against it, can revolutionize food production for the better.
第二节 课文单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用所提供的单词首字母或汉语提示，以单词的正确形式填空。
66. Solar panels can g________ electricity and heat water at the same time, which is quite energy-efficient.(根据首字母单词拼写)
67. Using this new software to process data will save us a ________ (大量) amount of time and money, as it automates many complex tasks that previously hours of manual work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. The author, ________(相信) of the power of words, spent years writing a novel that would inspire generations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69. Detectives are closely watching the movements of those s________, waiting for the right moment to make a move and gather more evidence. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. According to the latest ________(数据), the unemployment rate in this city has dropped by 3% compared to last year, which is a promising sign for the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. Many ________ (名人) use their influence on social media to raise awareness about social issues, like poverty and environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. She walked s________ towards the stage, showing no sign of nervousness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
73. She felt extremely f________ when she realized she had made the same mistake again despite her efforts to avoid it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
74. The United Nations called for international i________ to end the violent conflict in the war-torn region. (根据首字母单词拼写)
75. Heat causes the e________ of gases, so we need to take this factor into account when conducting relevant experiments. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第三节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选择方框里所提供的短语的恰当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的）。
come down with, be nowhere near, be characteristic of, suspect…of…, once and for all, given that, have a great impact on, be contradictory to, be to blame, be comprised of, deep down, thanks to
76. The man ________ stealing the valuable painting was caught on surveillance cameras near the art gallery several times before the theft.
77. His actions ________ his words; he claims to value health, yet he smokes and eats junk food regularly.
78. The manager confirmed that the poor quality of the product ________ for the company’s recent decline in sales and numerous customer complaints.
79. The previous committee ________ experts from various fields, ensuring a comprehensive understanding and approach to the issues at hand.
80. The little boy pretended not to care about the lost game, but ________ he was really disappointed and depressed.
81. ________ the doctor’s timely treatment, the patient’s condition has stabilized and is gradually improving.
82. The strong sense of rhythm ________ African music, which makes people can’t help dancing along.
83. The athlete, who had been training intensively in various climates, ________ a sudden fever that affected his performance.
84. ________ she has no experience in this field, she’s doing quite well.
85. The complexity of the human brain, with its billions of neurons interacting in mysterious ways, ________ being fully understood by modern science.
第四节 书面表达（满分20分）
86. 假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次农业研学活动（agricultural study tour），前往当地的有机农场，体验农事劳作，了解现代农业技术。你校外籍教师Wesley 对此次活动很感兴趣，因此你想邀请他一同参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动安排；3. 活动意义；4. 期待对方回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
2024—2025学年第一学期长乐一中阶段二考试
高中二年 英语科试卷 答案版
考试日期：12 月19 日 完卷时间： 120分钟 满分： 150分
第I卷（共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Four Amazing Products
NexStride
NexStride is designed for seniors who have conditions like Parkinson’s disease. It is a device that helps those with mobility challenges walk better. It uses light and sound signals to stimulate the brain and improve the coordination (协调) of the body. It can be attached to any walking sticks, and it has adjustable settings to suit different needs.
Ryan
Ryan is an AI-enabled socially assistive robot by DreamFace Technologies designed to engage in personalized conversations, improving cognitive (认知的) function and emotional well-being for older adults. With speech recognition and facial expression recognition, Ryan understands and responds like a close friend.
ElliQ
ElliQ is a social robot that helps older adults live independently at home. It uses a combination of voice, sound, light and movement to communicate with them. It can suggest activities such as listening to music, playing games, reading news or video calling with family and friends. ElliQ has a tablet that allows users to access various apps and services, such as email, social media or online shopping.
Nobi
If a person falls, Nobi asks them to confirm it and then makes a trusted contact through an app. The contact can talk to the person through Nobi and unlock the door remotely if needed. Nobi also helps prevent falls by turning on automatically when an older person gets up at night, for instance, to go to the toilet, take their pills or drink some water. Since most falls occur at night, Nobi offers a preventative solution.
21. What is a major feature of NexStride
A. It provides a way to walk with confidence.
B. It proves to be effective in curing Parkinson’s.
C. It enables patients to move like normal people.
D. It can be attached to walking sticks or one’s body.
22. What do Ryan and ElliQ have in common
A. Both may assist their users in shopping. B. Both can interact with their users.
C. Both are for young and old alike. D. Both are equipped with a tablet.
23. Who will show an interest in Nobi
A. Those who hate taking pills. B. Those who get poor sleep.
C. Those who feel lonely. D. Those who fall easily.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
B
Scientists in China and Sweden have determined that a small amount of capsaicin, the chemical compound (化合物) that gives chili peppers their unique taste, may be a crucial component for more stable and efficient perovskite (钙钛矿) solar cells.
Perovskites are a family of minerals with common chemical structures that are used to create solar cells. While perovskite semiconductors (半导体) represent a promising component for the most advanced solar cell technologies, they are troubled by nonradiative, an undesirable electron-level process that reduces efficiency and increases heat losses. Researchers sought out a natural, forest-based, inexpensive additive to overcome this limitation and enhance solar cell performance.
“Considering the electric, chemical and stable properties of capsaicin, we found that it would be a promising additive,” says Bao Qinye, senior author of the study from East China Normal University. To test capsaicin’s capabilities, Bao and his teammates added a small amount of the compound into the solar cells. Next, the researchers performed a series of techniques to determine how the capsaicin additive affected the solar cell properties. They found that while devices without capsaicin showed a power transtormation efficiency of only 19.1%, devices containing capsaicin had an efficiency of 21.88%, nearly as high as the record 21.93% efficiency of singie-crystal MAPbl devices, which are a type of perovskite solar cell. The enhanced solar cells also showed improved stability, maintaining more than 90% of their mitial efficiency after 800 hours of being exposed to the air.
Capsaicin enabled these improvements by transforming the peroyskite material’s surface energetics, creating an interface between p-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electron-deficient “holes” than electrons, and n-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electrons than “holes”. This interface promotes charge transport and reduces the loss of efficiency observed in traditional perovskite semiconductors.
While capsaicin may provide a low-cost, widely available additive for the future development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, Bao and his teammates note that further research is required to investigate the compound’s effect on harmless, lead-free (无铅的) perovskites such as inorganic perovskite and double perovskite before it will be ready for commercial applications.
24. What is slowing the progress of perovskite semiconductors
A. Too much unnecessary heat. B. Rising prices of perovskites.
C. Nonradiative recombination. D. The complex production line.
25. What do the figures in Paragraph 3 reveal
A. Capsaicin improves perovskite solar cell perrormance.
B. Additives have little influence on solar cell properties.
C. Solar cells often require a high percentage of capsaicin.
D. Traditional perovskite solar cells possess more advantages.
26. What is a major difference between the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers
A. The source of additives. B. The number of electrons.
C. The function of interfaces. D. The size of semiconductors.
27. What might the researchers do next according to Bao
A. Examine if lead can be used as a low-cost additive.
B. Put perovskite solar cells with capsaicin on the market.
C. Develop highly efficient solar cells without any additive.
D. Observe how capsaicin affects eco-friendly perovskites.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
C
A start-up has begun planting fungi (真菌) collected from healthy forests at a tree plantation in the US state of Georgia. The effort to “rebuild” the soil microbiome (微生物组) may help grow trees that store more carbon.
Fungi and other microbes in soil are important factors for tree growth and health. They help roots access nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates produced by the trees. Colin Averill, founder of Funga, the company behind the Georgia project, is using soil from healthy forests to introduce it to newly planted trees to make them grow bigger and faster.
The planting is straightforward: a bit of soil from an area of healthy forest is added to a hole where a young tree is planted. Identifying precisely which soil to dig is more complicated. Over the past years, Funga researchers analyzed tree growth rates and studied the DNA of soil microbes in 500 pine forests to identify which composition of microbes is associated with the most growth. They then collected these candidate microbes from the test site and introduced them to new trees in Lexington, Georgia.
They also planted trees without the added soil to establish a baseline against which to compare any additional carbon stored by the treated trees. Results won’t be available until the end of this year, but similar methods increased forest productivity between 30 and 70 per cent at a research plot in Wales.
Averill and his co-workers also analyzed 81 experiments that examined how introducing wild microbiomes to soil affected various types of plants in different ecosystems. They found a range of effects, from a small reduction of biomass to a more than 700 per cent increase. On average, plant biomass increased 64 per cent.
“It’s going to do something,” says Jennifer Bhatnagar at Boston University, though she says how much depends on a lot of factors.
“Sourcing the soil poses another challenge,” says Cindy Prescott at the University of British Columbia in Canada. “Many species of fungi can’t be cultured, and at larger levels, soil removal could degrade the collection sites.”
28. How do fungi influence tree growth
A. By storing carbon within the trees. B. By supplying carbohydrates.
C. By facilitating trees’ nutrient absorption. D. By gathering nutrients in the soil.
29. What can be inferred from the soil identification
A. It simplified the tree planting process.
B. It identified the perfect fungi for older tree growth.
C. It reduced the need for studying the DNA of the soil.
D. It helped choose the best microbes for the tree plantation.
30. Why is a baseline needed
A. To increase forest productivity. B. To assess the impact of added soil.
C. To analyze the activity in wild microbiomes. D. To determine the overall health of the planted trees.
31. What is Cindy Prescott’s attitude toward transplanting fungi
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C
D
If it had been up to Peter Higgs, the world would have never noticed his death on April 8th-nor, for that matter, the 94 years of life before it. He valued the respect of his coworkers and treasured his occasional “bright ideas” about the way the universe worked. The fact that one of those ideas ended up boiled down into an object bearing his name was a source of some annoyance.
Dr. Higgs’s best-known idea was crucial but it was understood by only a few people. There are two types of fundamental particles (粒子) fermions and bosons. The symmetrical (对称的) nature of the equations which describe bosons implies that they should be massless. By the 1950s, though, it seemed that some bosons did have mass; some fundamental symmetries were in practice “broken”. Resolving the maths of broken symmetries became the focus of particle physicists. Dr. Higgs’s contribution, made over a few weeks in the summer of 1964, was a mathematical description of a new boson that could give mass to bosons in need of it.
In 1983, a daring upgrade to a particle accelerator (加速器) at CERN, the European physics lab near Geneva, produced direct evidence of three massive bosons-two Ws and a Z. Upset over this, some American physicists told the government which funded them that America was losing an important race. The proposed comeback was the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), a particle accelerator of extraordinary power. The Higgs boson was a key part of the proposal. The particle’s existence was predicted but, as had been the case with the Ws and Z, its discovery was impossible without a powerful enough machine. The SSC would be that machine.
In 1993 America cancelled the SSC but CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) carried on. The LHC delivered the goods in 2012, and the Nobel Prize committee followed suit the next year. Dr. Higgs smiled sometimes and bore the attention. However, what scientists actually want from big science rarely boils down to a single thing; they want the means with which to explore widely. As Dr. Higgs always knew, what really matters is the process, not the prize.
32. What can we say about Dr. Higgs according to paragraph 1
A. He preferred a quiet life.
B. His death was little known to others.
C. He made many discoveries bearing his name.
D. His understanding of the universe was confusing.
33. What breakthrough did Dr. Higgs achieve
A. He proved why fermions are massless. B. He differentiated two categories of particles.
C He explained how some bosons gained mass. D. He broke the fundamental symmetries.
34. Why was the SSC proposed
A. To track down the Higgs boson.
B. To search for fermions and bosons.
C. To prove the existence of two Ws and a Z.
D. To help predict the possible adaptations of bosons.
35. What did Dr. Higgs think of winning the Nobel Prize
A. Difficult. B. Insignificant. C. Satisfying. D. Far-reaching.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Pathways to Scientific Breakthroughs
The Genesis of Novel Ideas
Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. ____36____. When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath, that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts.
Collaboration: A Winning Formula
In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. ____37____. Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.
Weathering the Storm of Setbacks
The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. ____38____. But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success.
____39____
Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.
The Road Ahead
To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. ____40____. Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries.
A. So, what qualities should future scientists focus on
B. They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions.
C. How can scientists make the best use of collaborations
D. Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements
E. It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs.
F. What drives scientists to persevere through failures
G. But they don’t let these setbacks derail them.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. A
第三部分 语言运用（满分15分）
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Early in the morning, while it’s still dark outside, I rise from bed, anticipating the day ahead. I leave my room and go downstairs to the ____41____ room of the assisted living facility. There I have ____42____ a quiet place in which to write. I love to write and, in those early morning hours before dawn, I can ____43____. I call these couple of hours in the very early part of my day “My Quiet Hours.” I can think clearly when it’s just me and the ____44____ of a soon-to-be-noisy dining room.
When breakfast is over and the day has officially ____45____, I must sneak (偷偷地做) moments for ____46____ into my day. While the other ____47____ go to the Activities Room to ____48____ themselves — making birthday cards or playing card games, I quietly close the door to my room and remain ____49____ and write. These quiet moments I _____50_____ for myself take up most of my day, and I like it that way.
One of the _____51_____ of living in an assisted living facility is that, after all these years, I can spend more time doing what I love to do. Gone are the _____52_____ days that didn’t offer any spare time for me to construct a _____53_____, let alone a sentence. All of us need _____54_____ time to examine our lives openly and honestly — spending quiet time alone gives my mind a(n) _____55_____ to renew itself.
41. A. meeting B. dining C. living D. dressing
42. A. found B. ruined C. sensed D. shown
43. A. stay B. eat C. sleep D. think
44. A. darkness B. loneliness C. silence D. distance
45. A. begun B. passed C. returned D. broken
46. A. teaching B. writing C. cleaning D. playing
47. A. employees B. residents C. neighbors D. relatives
48. A. introduce B. behave C. entertain D. convince
49. A. at a loss B. out of sight C. under the weather D. in the way
50. A. come across B. lay down C. put away D. set aside
51. A. beauties B. challenges C. means D. moments
52. A. joyful B. lazy C. busy D. peaceful
53. A. chapter B. plot C. phrase D. mode
54. A. limited B. equal C. familiar D. quiet
55. A. opportunity B. identity C. diversity D. responsibility
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. A
第II卷（共55分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Organic Agriculture: A Sustainable Approach to Farming
In recent decades, organic agriculture ____56____ (transform) the way we grow food, emerging as a vital alternative ____57____ conventional farming quietly.
Unlike conventional farming that leans heavily on synthetic (合成) pesticides, fertilizers, and ____58____ (genetic) modified organisms (GMOs), organic farming takes a natural approach. Organic farmers use compost and manure to boost soil fertility. These natural fertilizers work wonders, enhancing soil structure, allowing it to hold water better and supply nutrients stably, ____59____ is crucial for long-term productivity.
Crop rotation is also crucial; changing crops seasonally prevents pest and disease outbreaks and balances nutrient ____60____ (consume). For pest control, instead of chemical sprays, farmers introduce ____61____ (benefit) insects or set up physical barriers.
The benefits are far-reaching. Environmentally it lessens chemical runoff into rivers and lakes, safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. It also cuts down greenhouse gas emissions ____62____ (associate) with producing synthetic fertilizers. For consumers, organic produce is free ____63____ harmful residues (残留) and may have more nutrients and better taste.
Nevertheless, organic farming isn’t without challenges. Yields might be lower initially ____64____ (compare) to conventional methods, and higher production costs can make organic products pricier. But as consumer demand for safe, healthy food surges, more research and technological advancements are underway.
Organic agriculture holds the promise of feeding future generations while protecting our planet. It’s a testament (证据) to the idea _____65_____ working with nature, not against it, can revolutionize food production for the better.
【答案】56. has transformed##has been transforming
57. to 58. genetically
59. which 60. consumption
61. beneficial
62. associated
63. from##of
64 compared
65. that
第二节 课文单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用所提供的单词首字母或汉语提示，以单词的正确形式填空。
66. Solar panels can g________ electricity and heat water at the same time, which is quite energy-efficient.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】generate##enerate
67. Using this new software to process data will save us a ________ (大量) amount of time and money, as it automates many complex tasks that previously hours of manual work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】substantial
68. The author, ________(相信) of the power of words, spent years writing a novel that would inspire generations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convinced
69. Detectives are closely watching the movements of those s________, waiting for the right moment to make a move and gather more evidence. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】suspects##uspects
70. According to the latest ________(数据), the unemployment rate in this city has dropped by 3% compared to last year, which is a promising sign for the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】statistics
71. Many ________ (名人) use their influence on social media to raise awareness about social issues, like poverty and environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】celebrities
72. She walked s________ towards the stage, showing no sign of nervousness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】steadily##teadily
73. She felt extremely f________ when she realized she had made the same mistake again despite her efforts to avoid it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】frustrated##rustrated
74. The United Nations called for international i________ to end the violent conflict in the war-torn region. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】intervention##ntervention
75. Heat causes the e________ of gases, so we need to take this factor into account when conducting relevant experiments. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expansion##xpansion
第三节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选择方框里所提供的短语的恰当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的）。
come down with, be nowhere near, be characteristic of, suspect…of…, once and for all, given that, have a great impact on, be contradictory to, be to blame, be comprised of, deep down, thanks to
76. The man ________ stealing the valuable painting was caught on surveillance cameras near the art gallery several times before the theft.
77. His actions ________ his words; he claims to value health, yet he smokes and eats junk food regularly.
78. The manager confirmed that the poor quality of the product ________ for the company’s recent decline in sales and numerous customer complaints.
79. The previous committee ________ experts from various fields, ensuring a comprehensive understanding and approach to the issues at hand.
80. The little boy pretended not to care about the lost game, but ________ he was really disappointed and depressed.
81. ________ the doctor’s timely treatment, the patient’s condition has stabilized and is gradually improving.
82. The strong sense of rhythm ________ African music, which makes people can’t help dancing along.
83. The athlete, who had been training intensively in various climates, ________ a sudden fever that affected his performance.
84. ________ she has no experience in this field, she’s doing quite well.
85. The complexity of the human brain, with its billions of neurons interacting in mysterious ways, ________ being fully understood by modern science.
【答案】76. suspected of
77. are contradictory to
78 was to blame
79. was comprised of
80. deep down
81. Thanks to
82. is characteristic of
83. came down with
84. Given that
85. is nowhere near
第四节 书面表达（满分20分）
86. 假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次农业研学活动（agricultural study tour），前往当地的有机农场，体验农事劳作，了解现代农业技术。你校外籍教师Wesley 对此次活动很感兴趣，因此你想邀请他一同参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动安排；3. 活动意义；4. 期待对方回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua. Knowing your interest in Chinese agriculture, I’m writing to invite you to join our school’s agricultural study tour.
The activity is scheduled for next Saturday, from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, at the Faith Organic Farm. We’ll experience farming like planting and harvesting, and learn about modern agricultural technologies such as automated irrigation systems. This activity helps us understand food production better and appreciate farmers’ work. It also broadens our knowledge of modern farming techniques.
I sincerely hope you can come with us. It’ll surely be an unforgettable experience. Please let me know your decision at your earliest convenience.
Best regards,
Li Hua
高中二年 英语科试卷
考试日期：12 月19 日 完卷时间： 120分钟 满分： 150分
第I卷（共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Four Amazing Products
NexStride
NexStride is designed for seniors who have conditions like Parkinson’s disease. It is a device that helps those with mobility challenges walk better. It uses light and sound signals to stimulate the brain and improve the coordination (协调) of the body. It can be attached to any walking sticks, and it has adjustable settings to suit different needs.
Ryan
Ryan is an AI-enabled socially assistive robot by DreamFace Technologies designed to engage in personalized conversations, improving cognitive (认知的) function and emotional well-being for older adults. With speech recognition and facial expression recognition, Ryan understands and responds like a close friend.
ElliQ
ElliQ is a social robot that helps older adults live independently at home. It uses a combination of voice sound, light and movement to communicate with them. It can suggest activities such as listening to music, playing games, reading news or video calling with family and friends. ElliQ has a tablet that allows users to access various apps and services, such as email, social media or online shopping.
Nobi
If a person falls, Nobi asks them to confirm it and then makes a trusted contact through an app. The contact can talk to the person through Nobi and unlock the door remotely if needed. Nobi also helps prevent falls by turning on automatically when an older person gets up at night, for instance, to go to the toilet, take their pills or drink some water. Since most falls occur at night, Nobi offers a preventative solution.
21. What is a major feature of NexStride
A. It provides a way to walk with confidence.
B. It proves to be effective in curing Parkinson’s.
C. It enables patients to move like normal people.
D. It can be attached to walking sticks or one’s body.
22. What do Ryan and ElliQ have in common
A. Both may assist their users in shopping. B. Both can interact with their users.
C. Both are for young and old alike. D. Both are equipped with a tablet.
23. Who will show an interest in Nobi
A. Those who hate taking pills. B. Those who get poor sleep.
C. Those who feel lonely. D. Those who fall easily.
B
Scientists in China and Sweden have determined that a small amount of capsaicin, the chemical compound (化合物) that gives chili peppers their unique taste, may be a crucial component for more stable and efficient perovskite (钙钛矿) solar cells.
Perovskites are a family of minerals with common chemical structures that are used to create solar cells. While perovskite semiconductors (半导体) represent a promising component for the most advanced solar cell technologies, they are troubled by nonradiative, an undesirable electron-level process that reduces efficiency and increases heat losses. Researchers sought out a natural, forest-based, inexpensive additive to overcome this limitation and enhance solar cell performance.
“Considering the electric, chemical and stable properties of capsaicin, we found that it would be a promising additive,” says Bao Qinye, senior author of the study from East China Normal University. To test capsaicin’s capabilities, Bao and his teammates added a small amount of the compound into the solar cells. Next, the researchers performed a series of techniques to determine how the capsaicin additive affected the solar cell properties. They found that while devices without capsaicin showed a power transtormation efficiency of only 19.1%, devices containing capsaicin had an efficiency of 21.88%, nearly as high as the record 21.93% efficiency of singie-crystal MAPbl devices, which are a type of perovskite solar cell. The enhanced solar cells also showed improved stability, maintaining more than 90% of their mitial efficiency after 800 hours of being exposed to the air.
Capsaicin enabled these improvements by transforming the peroyskite material’s surface energetics, creating an interface between p-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electron-deficient “holes” than electrons, and n-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electrons than “holes”. This interface promotes charge transport and reduces the loss of efficiency observed in traditional perovskite semiconductors.
While capsaicin may provide a low-cost, widely available additive for the future development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, Bao and his teammates note that further research is required to investigate the compound’s effect on harmless, lead-free (无铅的) perovskites such as inorganic perovskite and double perovskite before it will be ready for commercial applications.
24. What is slowing the progress of perovskite semiconductors
A. Too much unnecessary heat. B. Rising prices of perovskites.
C Nonradiative recombination. D. The complex production line.
25. What do the figures in Paragraph 3 reveal
A. Capsaicin improves perovskite solar cell perrormance.
B. Additives have little influence on solar cell properties.
C. Solar cells often require a high percentage of capsaicin.
D. Traditional perovskite solar cells possess more advantages.
26. What is a major difference between the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers
A. The source of additives. B. The number of electrons.
C. The function of interfaces. D. The size of semiconductors.
27. What might the researchers do next according to Bao
A. Examine if lead can be used as a low-cost additive.
B. Put perovskite solar cells with capsaicin on the market.
C. Develop highly efficient solar cells without any additive.
D. Observe how capsaicin affects eco-friendly perovskites.
C
A start-up has begun planting fungi (真菌) collected from healthy forests at a tree plantation in the US state of Georgia. The effort to “rebuild” the soil microbiome (微生物组) may help grow trees that store more carbon.
Fungi and other microbes in soil are important factors for tree growth and health. They help roots access nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates produced by the trees. Colin Averill, founder of Funga, the company behind the Georgia project, is using soil from healthy forests to introduce it to newly planted trees to make them grow bigger and faster.
The planting is straightforward: a bit of soil from an area of healthy forest is added to a hole where a young tree is planted. Identifying precisely which soil to dig is more complicated. Over the past years, Funga researchers analyzed tree growth rates and studied the DNA of soil microbes in 500 pine forests to identify which composition of microbes is associated with the most growth. They then collected these candidate microbes from the test site and introduced them to new trees in Lexington, Georgia.
They also planted trees without the added soil to establish a baseline against which to compare any additional carbon stored by the treated trees. Results won’t be available until the end of this year, but similar methods increased forest productivity between 30 and 70 per cent at a research plot in Wales.
Averill and his co-workers also analyzed 81 experiments that examined how introducing wild microbiomes to soil affected various types of plants in different ecosystems. They found a range of effects, from a small reduction of biomass to a more than 700 per cent increase. On average, plant biomass increased 64 per cent.
“It’s going to do something,” says Jennifer Bhatnagar at Boston University, though she says how much depends on a lot of factors.
“Sourcing the soil poses another challenge,” says Cindy Prescott at the University of British Columbia in Canada. “Many species of fungi can’t be cultured, and at larger levels, soil removal could degrade the collection sites.”
28. How do fungi influence tree growth
A. By storing carbon within the trees. B. By supplying carbohydrates.
C. By facilitating trees’ nutrient absorption. D. By gathering nutrients in the soil.
29. What can be inferred from the soil identification
A. It simplified the tree planting process.
B. It identified the perfect fungi for older tree growth.
C. It reduced the need for studying the DNA of the soil.
D. It helped choose the best microbes for the tree plantation.
30. Why is a baseline needed
A. To increase forest productivity. B. To assess the impact of added soil.
C. To analyze the activity in wild microbiomes. D. To determine the overall health of the planted trees.
31. What is Cindy Prescott’s attitude toward transplanting fungi
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
D
If it had been up to Peter Higgs, the world would have never noticed his death on April 8th-nor, for that matter, the 94 years of life before it. He valued the respect of his coworkers and treasured his occasional “bright ideas” about the way the universe worked. The fact that one of those ideas ended up boiled down into an object bearing his name was a source of some annoyance.
Dr. Higgs’s best-known idea was crucial but it was understood by only a few people. There are two types of fundamental particles (粒子) fermions and bosons. The symmetrical (对称的) nature of the equations which describe bosons implies that they should be massless. By the 1950s, though, it seemed that some bosons did have mass; some fundamental symmetries were in practice “broken”. Resolving the maths of broken symmetries became the focus of particle physicists. Dr. Higgs’s contribution, made over a few weeks in the summer of 1964, was a mathematical description of a new boson that could give mass to bosons in need of it.
In 1983, a daring upgrade to a particle accelerator (加速器) at CERN, the European physics lab near Geneva, produced direct evidence of three massive bosons-two Ws and a Z. Upset over this, some American physicists told the government which funded them that America was losing an important race. The proposed comeback was the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), a particle accelerator of extraordinary power. The Higgs boson was a key part of the proposal. The particle’s existence was predicted but, as had been the case with the Ws and Z, its discovery was impossible without a powerful enough machine. The SSC would be that machine.
In 1993 America cancelled the SSC but CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) carried on. The LHC delivered the goods in 2012, and the Nobel Prize committee followed suit the next year. Dr. Higgs smiled sometimes and bore the attention. However, what scientists actually want from big science rarely boils down to a single thing; they want the means with which to explore widely. As Dr. Higgs always knew, what really matters is the process, not the prize.
32. What can we say about Dr. Higgs according to paragraph 1
A. He preferred a quiet life.
B. His death was little known to others.
C. He made many discoveries bearing his name.
D. His understanding of the universe was confusing.
33. What breakthrough did Dr. Higgs achieve
A. He proved why fermions are massless. B. He differentiated two categories of particles.
C. He explained how some bosons gained mass. D. He broke the fundamental symmetries.
34. Why was the SSC proposed
A. To track down the Higgs boson.
B. To search for fermions and bosons.
C. To prove the existence of two Ws and a Z.
D. To help predict the possible adaptations of bosons.
35. What did Dr. Higgs think of winning the Nobel Prize
A. Difficult. B. Insignificant. C. Satisfying. D. Far-reaching.
第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Pathways to Scientific Breakthroughs
The Genesis of Novel Ideas
Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. ____36____. When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts.
Collaboration: A Winning Formula
In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. ____37____. Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.
Weathering the Storm of Setbacks
The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. ____38____. But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success.
____39____
Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.
The Road Ahead
To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. ____40____. Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries.
A. So, what qualities should future scientists focus on
B. They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions.
C. How can scientists make the best use of collaborations
D. Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements
E. It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs.
F What drives scientists to persevere through failures
G. But they don’t let these setbacks derail them.
第三部分 语言运用（满分15分）
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Early in the morning, while it’s still dark outside, I rise from bed, anticipating the day ahead. I leave my room and go downstairs to the ____41____ room of the assisted living facility. There I have ____42____ a quiet place in which to write. I love to write and, in those early morning hours before dawn, I can ____43____. I call these couple of hours in the very early part of my day “My Quiet Hours.” I can think clearly when it’s just me and the ____44____ of a soon-to-be-noisy dining room.
When breakfast is over and the day has officially ____45____, I must sneak (偷偷地做) moments for ____46____ into my day. While the other ____47____ go to the Activities Room to ____48____ themselves — making birthday cards or playing card games, I quietly close the door to my room and remain ____49____ and write. These quiet moments I _____50_____ for myself take up most of my day, and I like it that way.
One of the _____51_____ of living in an assisted living facility is that, after all these years, I can spend more time doing what I love to do. Gone are the _____52_____ days that didn’t offer any spare time for me to construct a _____53_____, let alone a sentence. All of us need _____54_____ time to examine our lives openly and honestly — spending quiet time alone gives my mind a(n) _____55_____ to renew itself.
41. A. meeting B. dining C. living D. dressing
42. A. found B. ruined C. sensed D. shown
43. A. stay B. eat C. sleep D. think
44. A. darkness B. loneliness C. silence D. distance
45. A. begun B. passed C. returned D. broken
46. A. teaching B. writing C. cleaning D. playing
47. A. employees B. residents C. neighbors D. relatives
48. A. introduce B. behave C. entertain D. convince
49. A. at a loss B. out of sight C. under the weather D. in the way
50. A. come across B. lay down C. put away D. set aside
51. A. beauties B. challenges C. means D. moments
52. A. joyful B. lazy C. busy D. peaceful
53. A. chapter B. plot C. phrase D. mode
54. A. limited B. equal C. familiar D. quiet
55. A. opportunity B. identity C. diversity D. responsibility
第II卷（共55分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Organic Agriculture: A Sustainable Approach to Farming
In recent decades, organic agriculture ____56____ (transform) the way we grow food, emerging as a vital alternative ____57____ conventional farming quietly.
Unlike conventional farming that leans heavily on synthetic (合成) pesticides, fertilizers, and ____58____ (genetic) modified organisms (GMOs), organic farming takes a natural approach. Organic farmers use compost and manure to boost soil fertility. These natural fertilizers work wonders, enhancing soil structure, allowing it to hold water better and supply nutrients stably, ____59____ is crucial for long-term productivity.
Crop rotation is also crucial; changing crops seasonally prevents pest and disease outbreaks and balances nutrient ____60____ (consume). For pest control, instead of chemical sprays, farmers introduce ____61____ (benefit) insects or set up physical barriers.
The benefits are far-reaching. Environmentally, it lessens chemical runoff into rivers and lakes, safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. It also cuts down greenhouse gas emissions ____62____ (associate) with producing synthetic fertilizers. For consumers, organic produce is free ____63____ harmful residues (残留) and may have more nutrients and better taste.
Nevertheless, organic farming isn’t without challenges. Yields might be lower initially ____64____ (compare) to conventional methods, and higher production costs can make organic products pricier. But as consumer demand for safe, healthy food surges, more research and technological advancements are underway.
Organic agriculture holds the promise of feeding future generations while protecting our planet. It’s a testament (证据) to the idea _____65_____ working with nature, not against it, can revolutionize food production for the better.
第二节 课文单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用所提供的单词首字母或汉语提示，以单词的正确形式填空。
66. Solar panels can g________ electricity and heat water at the same time, which is quite energy-efficient.(根据首字母单词拼写)
67. Using this new software to process data will save us a ________ (大量) amount of time and money, as it automates many complex tasks that previously hours of manual work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. The author, ________(相信) of the power of words, spent years writing a novel that would inspire generations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69. Detectives are closely watching the movements of those s________, waiting for the right moment to make a move and gather more evidence. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. According to the latest ________(数据), the unemployment rate in this city has dropped by 3% compared to last year, which is a promising sign for the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. Many ________ (名人) use their influence on social media to raise awareness about social issues, like poverty and environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. She walked s________ towards the stage, showing no sign of nervousness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
73. She felt extremely f________ when she realized she had made the same mistake again despite her efforts to avoid it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
74. The United Nations called for international i________ to end the violent conflict in the war-torn region. (根据首字母单词拼写)
75. Heat causes the e________ of gases, so we need to take this factor into account when conducting relevant experiments. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第三节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选择方框里所提供的短语的恰当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的）。
come down with, be nowhere near, be characteristic of, suspect…of…, once and for all, given that, have a great impact on, be contradictory to, be to blame, be comprised of, deep down, thanks to
76. The man ________ stealing the valuable painting was caught on surveillance cameras near the art gallery several times before the theft.
77. His actions ________ his words; he claims to value health, yet he smokes and eats junk food regularly.
78. The manager confirmed that the poor quality of the product ________ for the company’s recent decline in sales and numerous customer complaints.
79. The previous committee ________ experts from various fields, ensuring a comprehensive understanding and approach to the issues at hand.
80. The little boy pretended not to care about the lost game, but ________ he was really disappointed and depressed.
81. ________ the doctor’s timely treatment, the patient’s condition has stabilized and is gradually improving.
82. The strong sense of rhythm ________ African music, which makes people can’t help dancing along.
83. The athlete, who had been training intensively in various climates, ________ a sudden fever that affected his performance.
84. ________ she has no experience in this field, she’s doing quite well.
85. The complexity of the human brain, with its billions of neurons interacting in mysterious ways, ________ being fully understood by modern science.
第四节 书面表达（满分20分）
86. 假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次农业研学活动（agricultural study tour），前往当地的有机农场，体验农事劳作，了解现代农业技术。你校外籍教师Wesley 对此次活动很感兴趣，因此你想邀请他一同参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动安排；3. 活动意义；4. 期待对方回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
2024—2025学年第一学期长乐一中阶段二考试
高中二年 英语科试卷 答案版
考试日期：12 月19 日 完卷时间： 120分钟 满分： 150分
第I卷（共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Four Amazing Products
NexStride
NexStride is designed for seniors who have conditions like Parkinson’s disease. It is a device that helps those with mobility challenges walk better. It uses light and sound signals to stimulate the brain and improve the coordination (协调) of the body. It can be attached to any walking sticks, and it has adjustable settings to suit different needs.
Ryan
Ryan is an AI-enabled socially assistive robot by DreamFace Technologies designed to engage in personalized conversations, improving cognitive (认知的) function and emotional well-being for older adults. With speech recognition and facial expression recognition, Ryan understands and responds like a close friend.
ElliQ
ElliQ is a social robot that helps older adults live independently at home. It uses a combination of voice, sound, light and movement to communicate with them. It can suggest activities such as listening to music, playing games, reading news or video calling with family and friends. ElliQ has a tablet that allows users to access various apps and services, such as email, social media or online shopping.
Nobi
If a person falls, Nobi asks them to confirm it and then makes a trusted contact through an app. The contact can talk to the person through Nobi and unlock the door remotely if needed. Nobi also helps prevent falls by turning on automatically when an older person gets up at night, for instance, to go to the toilet, take their pills or drink some water. Since most falls occur at night, Nobi offers a preventative solution.
21. What is a major feature of NexStride
A. It provides a way to walk with confidence.
B. It proves to be effective in curing Parkinson’s.
C. It enables patients to move like normal people.
D. It can be attached to walking sticks or one’s body.
22. What do Ryan and ElliQ have in common
A. Both may assist their users in shopping. B. Both can interact with their users.
C. Both are for young and old alike. D. Both are equipped with a tablet.
23. Who will show an interest in Nobi
A. Those who hate taking pills. B. Those who get poor sleep.
C. Those who feel lonely. D. Those who fall easily.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
B
Scientists in China and Sweden have determined that a small amount of capsaicin, the chemical compound (化合物) that gives chili peppers their unique taste, may be a crucial component for more stable and efficient perovskite (钙钛矿) solar cells.
Perovskites are a family of minerals with common chemical structures that are used to create solar cells. While perovskite semiconductors (半导体) represent a promising component for the most advanced solar cell technologies, they are troubled by nonradiative, an undesirable electron-level process that reduces efficiency and increases heat losses. Researchers sought out a natural, forest-based, inexpensive additive to overcome this limitation and enhance solar cell performance.
“Considering the electric, chemical and stable properties of capsaicin, we found that it would be a promising additive,” says Bao Qinye, senior author of the study from East China Normal University. To test capsaicin’s capabilities, Bao and his teammates added a small amount of the compound into the solar cells. Next, the researchers performed a series of techniques to determine how the capsaicin additive affected the solar cell properties. They found that while devices without capsaicin showed a power transtormation efficiency of only 19.1%, devices containing capsaicin had an efficiency of 21.88%, nearly as high as the record 21.93% efficiency of singie-crystal MAPbl devices, which are a type of perovskite solar cell. The enhanced solar cells also showed improved stability, maintaining more than 90% of their mitial efficiency after 800 hours of being exposed to the air.
Capsaicin enabled these improvements by transforming the peroyskite material’s surface energetics, creating an interface between p-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electron-deficient “holes” than electrons, and n-type semiconductor layers, which contain more electrons than “holes”. This interface promotes charge transport and reduces the loss of efficiency observed in traditional perovskite semiconductors.
While capsaicin may provide a low-cost, widely available additive for the future development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, Bao and his teammates note that further research is required to investigate the compound’s effect on harmless, lead-free (无铅的) perovskites such as inorganic perovskite and double perovskite before it will be ready for commercial applications.
24. What is slowing the progress of perovskite semiconductors
A. Too much unnecessary heat. B. Rising prices of perovskites.
C. Nonradiative recombination. D. The complex production line.
25. What do the figures in Paragraph 3 reveal
A. Capsaicin improves perovskite solar cell perrormance.
B. Additives have little influence on solar cell properties.
C. Solar cells often require a high percentage of capsaicin.
D. Traditional perovskite solar cells possess more advantages.
26. What is a major difference between the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers
A. The source of additives. B. The number of electrons.
C. The function of interfaces. D. The size of semiconductors.
27. What might the researchers do next according to Bao
A. Examine if lead can be used as a low-cost additive.
B. Put perovskite solar cells with capsaicin on the market.
C. Develop highly efficient solar cells without any additive.
D. Observe how capsaicin affects eco-friendly perovskites.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
C
A start-up has begun planting fungi (真菌) collected from healthy forests at a tree plantation in the US state of Georgia. The effort to “rebuild” the soil microbiome (微生物组) may help grow trees that store more carbon.
Fungi and other microbes in soil are important factors for tree growth and health. They help roots access nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates produced by the trees. Colin Averill, founder of Funga, the company behind the Georgia project, is using soil from healthy forests to introduce it to newly planted trees to make them grow bigger and faster.
The planting is straightforward: a bit of soil from an area of healthy forest is added to a hole where a young tree is planted. Identifying precisely which soil to dig is more complicated. Over the past years, Funga researchers analyzed tree growth rates and studied the DNA of soil microbes in 500 pine forests to identify which composition of microbes is associated with the most growth. They then collected these candidate microbes from the test site and introduced them to new trees in Lexington, Georgia.
They also planted trees without the added soil to establish a baseline against which to compare any additional carbon stored by the treated trees. Results won’t be available until the end of this year, but similar methods increased forest productivity between 30 and 70 per cent at a research plot in Wales.
Averill and his co-workers also analyzed 81 experiments that examined how introducing wild microbiomes to soil affected various types of plants in different ecosystems. They found a range of effects, from a small reduction of biomass to a more than 700 per cent increase. On average, plant biomass increased 64 per cent.
“It’s going to do something,” says Jennifer Bhatnagar at Boston University, though she says how much depends on a lot of factors.
“Sourcing the soil poses another challenge,” says Cindy Prescott at the University of British Columbia in Canada. “Many species of fungi can’t be cultured, and at larger levels, soil removal could degrade the collection sites.”
28. How do fungi influence tree growth
A. By storing carbon within the trees. B. By supplying carbohydrates.
C. By facilitating trees’ nutrient absorption. D. By gathering nutrients in the soil.
29. What can be inferred from the soil identification
A. It simplified the tree planting process.
B. It identified the perfect fungi for older tree growth.
C. It reduced the need for studying the DNA of the soil.
D. It helped choose the best microbes for the tree plantation.
30. Why is a baseline needed
A. To increase forest productivity. B. To assess the impact of added soil.
C. To analyze the activity in wild microbiomes. D. To determine the overall health of the planted trees.
31. What is Cindy Prescott’s attitude toward transplanting fungi
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C
D
If it had been up to Peter Higgs, the world would have never noticed his death on April 8th-nor, for that matter, the 94 years of life before it. He valued the respect of his coworkers and treasured his occasional “bright ideas” about the way the universe worked. The fact that one of those ideas ended up boiled down into an object bearing his name was a source of some annoyance.
Dr. Higgs’s best-known idea was crucial but it was understood by only a few people. There are two types of fundamental particles (粒子) fermions and bosons. The symmetrical (对称的) nature of the equations which describe bosons implies that they should be massless. By the 1950s, though, it seemed that some bosons did have mass; some fundamental symmetries were in practice “broken”. Resolving the maths of broken symmetries became the focus of particle physicists. Dr. Higgs’s contribution, made over a few weeks in the summer of 1964, was a mathematical description of a new boson that could give mass to bosons in need of it.
In 1983, a daring upgrade to a particle accelerator (加速器) at CERN, the European physics lab near Geneva, produced direct evidence of three massive bosons-two Ws and a Z. Upset over this, some American physicists told the government which funded them that America was losing an important race. The proposed comeback was the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), a particle accelerator of extraordinary power. The Higgs boson was a key part of the proposal. The particle’s existence was predicted but, as had been the case with the Ws and Z, its discovery was impossible without a powerful enough machine. The SSC would be that machine.
In 1993 America cancelled the SSC but CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) carried on. The LHC delivered the goods in 2012, and the Nobel Prize committee followed suit the next year. Dr. Higgs smiled sometimes and bore the attention. However, what scientists actually want from big science rarely boils down to a single thing; they want the means with which to explore widely. As Dr. Higgs always knew, what really matters is the process, not the prize.
32. What can we say about Dr. Higgs according to paragraph 1
A. He preferred a quiet life.
B. His death was little known to others.
C. He made many discoveries bearing his name.
D. His understanding of the universe was confusing.
33. What breakthrough did Dr. Higgs achieve
A. He proved why fermions are massless. B. He differentiated two categories of particles.
C He explained how some bosons gained mass. D. He broke the fundamental symmetries.
34. Why was the SSC proposed
A. To track down the Higgs boson.
B. To search for fermions and bosons.
C. To prove the existence of two Ws and a Z.
D. To help predict the possible adaptations of bosons.
35. What did Dr. Higgs think of winning the Nobel Prize
A. Difficult. B. Insignificant. C. Satisfying. D. Far-reaching.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Pathways to Scientific Breakthroughs
The Genesis of Novel Ideas
Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. ____36____. When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath, that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts.
Collaboration: A Winning Formula
In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. ____37____. Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.
Weathering the Storm of Setbacks
The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. ____38____. But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success.
____39____
Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.
The Road Ahead
To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. ____40____. Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries.
A. So, what qualities should future scientists focus on
B. They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions.
C. How can scientists make the best use of collaborations
D. Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements
E. It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs.
F. What drives scientists to persevere through failures
G. But they don’t let these setbacks derail them.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. A
第三部分 语言运用（满分15分）
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Early in the morning, while it’s still dark outside, I rise from bed, anticipating the day ahead. I leave my room and go downstairs to the ____41____ room of the assisted living facility. There I have ____42____ a quiet place in which to write. I love to write and, in those early morning hours before dawn, I can ____43____. I call these couple of hours in the very early part of my day “My Quiet Hours.” I can think clearly when it’s just me and the ____44____ of a soon-to-be-noisy dining room.
When breakfast is over and the day has officially ____45____, I must sneak (偷偷地做) moments for ____46____ into my day. While the other ____47____ go to the Activities Room to ____48____ themselves — making birthday cards or playing card games, I quietly close the door to my room and remain ____49____ and write. These quiet moments I _____50_____ for myself take up most of my day, and I like it that way.
One of the _____51_____ of living in an assisted living facility is that, after all these years, I can spend more time doing what I love to do. Gone are the _____52_____ days that didn’t offer any spare time for me to construct a _____53_____, let alone a sentence. All of us need _____54_____ time to examine our lives openly and honestly — spending quiet time alone gives my mind a(n) _____55_____ to renew itself.
41. A. meeting B. dining C. living D. dressing
42. A. found B. ruined C. sensed D. shown
43. A. stay B. eat C. sleep D. think
44. A. darkness B. loneliness C. silence D. distance
45. A. begun B. passed C. returned D. broken
46. A. teaching B. writing C. cleaning D. playing
47. A. employees B. residents C. neighbors D. relatives
48. A. introduce B. behave C. entertain D. convince
49. A. at a loss B. out of sight C. under the weather D. in the way
50. A. come across B. lay down C. put away D. set aside
51. A. beauties B. challenges C. means D. moments
52. A. joyful B. lazy C. busy D. peaceful
53. A. chapter B. plot C. phrase D. mode
54. A. limited B. equal C. familiar D. quiet
55. A. opportunity B. identity C. diversity D. responsibility
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. A
第II卷（共55分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Organic Agriculture: A Sustainable Approach to Farming
In recent decades, organic agriculture ____56____ (transform) the way we grow food, emerging as a vital alternative ____57____ conventional farming quietly.
Unlike conventional farming that leans heavily on synthetic (合成) pesticides, fertilizers, and ____58____ (genetic) modified organisms (GMOs), organic farming takes a natural approach. Organic farmers use compost and manure to boost soil fertility. These natural fertilizers work wonders, enhancing soil structure, allowing it to hold water better and supply nutrients stably, ____59____ is crucial for long-term productivity.
Crop rotation is also crucial; changing crops seasonally prevents pest and disease outbreaks and balances nutrient ____60____ (consume). For pest control, instead of chemical sprays, farmers introduce ____61____ (benefit) insects or set up physical barriers.
The benefits are far-reaching. Environmentally it lessens chemical runoff into rivers and lakes, safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. It also cuts down greenhouse gas emissions ____62____ (associate) with producing synthetic fertilizers. For consumers, organic produce is free ____63____ harmful residues (残留) and may have more nutrients and better taste.
Nevertheless, organic farming isn’t without challenges. Yields might be lower initially ____64____ (compare) to conventional methods, and higher production costs can make organic products pricier. But as consumer demand for safe, healthy food surges, more research and technological advancements are underway.
Organic agriculture holds the promise of feeding future generations while protecting our planet. It’s a testament (证据) to the idea _____65_____ working with nature, not against it, can revolutionize food production for the better.
【答案】56. has transformed##has been transforming
57. to 58. genetically
59. which 60. consumption
61. beneficial
62. associated
63. from##of
64 compared
65. that
第二节 课文单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用所提供的单词首字母或汉语提示，以单词的正确形式填空。
66. Solar panels can g________ electricity and heat water at the same time, which is quite energy-efficient.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】generate##enerate
67. Using this new software to process data will save us a ________ (大量) amount of time and money, as it automates many complex tasks that previously hours of manual work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】substantial
68. The author, ________(相信) of the power of words, spent years writing a novel that would inspire generations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convinced
69. Detectives are closely watching the movements of those s________, waiting for the right moment to make a move and gather more evidence. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】suspects##uspects
70. According to the latest ________(数据), the unemployment rate in this city has dropped by 3% compared to last year, which is a promising sign for the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】statistics
71. Many ________ (名人) use their influence on social media to raise awareness about social issues, like poverty and environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】celebrities
72. She walked s________ towards the stage, showing no sign of nervousness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】steadily##teadily
73. She felt extremely f________ when she realized she had made the same mistake again despite her efforts to avoid it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】frustrated##rustrated
74. The United Nations called for international i________ to end the violent conflict in the war-torn region. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】intervention##ntervention
75. Heat causes the e________ of gases, so we need to take this factor into account when conducting relevant experiments. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expansion##xpansion
第三节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选择方框里所提供的短语的恰当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的）。
come down with, be nowhere near, be characteristic of, suspect…of…, once and for all, given that, have a great impact on, be contradictory to, be to blame, be comprised of, deep down, thanks to
76. The man ________ stealing the valuable painting was caught on surveillance cameras near the art gallery several times before the theft.
77. His actions ________ his words; he claims to value health, yet he smokes and eats junk food regularly.
78. The manager confirmed that the poor quality of the product ________ for the company’s recent decline in sales and numerous customer complaints.
79. The previous committee ________ experts from various fields, ensuring a comprehensive understanding and approach to the issues at hand.
80. The little boy pretended not to care about the lost game, but ________ he was really disappointed and depressed.
81. ________ the doctor’s timely treatment, the patient’s condition has stabilized and is gradually improving.
82. The strong sense of rhythm ________ African music, which makes people can’t help dancing along.
83. The athlete, who had been training intensively in various climates, ________ a sudden fever that affected his performance.
84. ________ she has no experience in this field, she’s doing quite well.
85. The complexity of the human brain, with its billions of neurons interacting in mysterious ways, ________ being fully understood by modern science.
【答案】76. suspected of
77. are contradictory to
78 was to blame
79. was comprised of
80. deep down
81. Thanks to
82. is characteristic of
83. came down with
84. Given that
85. is nowhere near
第四节 书面表达（满分20分）
86. 假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次农业研学活动（agricultural study tour），前往当地的有机农场，体验农事劳作，了解现代农业技术。你校外籍教师Wesley 对此次活动很感兴趣，因此你想邀请他一同参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动安排；3. 活动意义；4. 期待对方回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Wesley,
I’m Li Hua. Knowing your interest in Chinese agriculture, I’m writing to invite you to join our school’s agricultural study tour.
The activity is scheduled for next Saturday, from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, at the Faith Organic Farm. We’ll experience farming like planting and harvesting, and learn about modern agricultural technologies such as automated irrigation systems. This activity helps us understand food production better and appreciate farmers’ work. It also broadens our knowledge of modern farming techniques.
I sincerely hope you can come with us. It’ll surely be an unforgettable experience. Please let me know your decision at your earliest convenience.
Best regards,
Li Hua
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