专题6：阅读理解（主旨大意2）—2024-2025学年中考英语二轮复习题型篇(含答案)

专题6：阅读理解（主旨大意2）
People read books less often these days. With the invention of radios, televisions and most recently, the Internet and computer games, it seems that reading books is no longer a popular activity. However, I believe that books are an important part of our lives.
Books offer an outstanding wealth of learning and are at a lower price than taking a course. Books can make people cleverer, because heavy readers have greater knowledge of how things work.
Everything in today's society requires (需要) reading. Imagine trying to do something as simple as reading the directions on a medicine bottle without good reading skills. Someone cannot understand them and might become very sick or even die.
Even something as simple as walking or driving through the city could become very dangerous without enough reading. Sometimes, you must be able to understand what is written and the meaning of it.
Some people say that reading is a waste of time and we can do better things with our time. Even if we don't read books，we still read every day, and reading books can strengthen (加强) our abilities. Reading is one of the greatest things we can do in our spare time.
With a book, you can travel anywhere you want, do anything you want, and talk to anyone you want. Reading is very important in our lives, no matter your age. So I think people should read books.
(1) What activity is less popular these days than before
A．Reading a book. B．Listening to the radio.
C．Watching TV. D．Surfing the Internet.
(2) We can learn from the second paragraph that _____.
A．reading can improve your memory
B．reading can make you interesting and attractive
C．reading can make you smarter
D．reading can reduce stress
(3) The underlined word "them" in the third paragraph refers to _____.
A．the books they are reading
B．the directions on a medicine bottle
C．the good reading skills
D．the words a doctor tells a sick person
(4) Some people don't read books because they think _____.
A．walking in the city also needs reading skills
B．driving along the road is dangerous
C．reading books is very helpful for their abilities
D．reading books just wastes their time
(5) The best title for the passage can be _____.
A．People Should Enjoy Themselves
B．How We Improve Reading Skills
C．Why People Should Read Books
D．What We Love Doing in Spare Time
Always believe in yourself no matter what happens to you and love the person that you are. These are laws of life that are useful to everyone. I think that before people can live happy lives, they must believe in and accept themselves.
The hardest thing for you to do is to look in the mirror and like what you see, and then be thankful. And believe you can finish anything you try to do. To live a comfortable life, you must start with believing in yourself.
I have struggled with believing in myself so many times in my life. Struggling with little tasks such as completing homework or memorising a piece on the piano, I would get so upset. But you never realize how much easier your life will become until you say, "I can do this!"
Four or five years ago, I began taking piano lessons. One day, recital time was coming near, but I had a piece that I couldn't completely ing home with a feeling of sadness, I just considered I could not achieve this task.
I sat at my piano and told myself that I would never get it finished. But on second thought, I could memorise it. So, I tried my best to play and play. Finally, I did end up finishing the piece, and the recital was able to go smoothly. The important point is that looking back on this time in my life, I can see how important it is to believe that I can complete anything I want to do if I try my best.
Now, when I become upset with a piano piece, I never give up and think that I cannot do it. Always beginning with confidence, I sit down and tell myself that I can achieve my goal if I put my mind to it. I realize that I should have this mind in everything I do.
So, dear friend, never give up, and believe that you can complete anything if you set your mind and heart on it.
(1) When you look in the mirror, the most difficult thing for you is to _____ in it.
A．compare with others B．accept yourself
C．change yourself D．see anyone else
(2) What's the meaning of the underlined word "recital" in Paragraph 4
A．游戏 B．演奏会 C．歌唱 D．娱乐
(3) What is the correct order of the following statements of the passage
a. The writer thinks you can achieve your goal if you put your mind to it.
b. When becoming sad with a piano piece, the writer never gives up.
c. The writer began taking piano lessons four or five years ago.
d. When not finishing little tasks, the writer would get upset.
e. Always believe in yourself in any condition.
A．a-b-c-d-e B．d-c-e-a-b C．e-d-c-b-a D．c-e-d-b-a
(4) What can we learn from the passage
A．The harder you work, the luckier you will become.
B．Try to do anything that you feel difficult to finish.
C．Believing in yourself means you can do everything well.
D．Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
(5) The passage probably comes from _____.
A．a magazine B．the news C．a storybook D．a music book
It was a hard year for my family. Whenever my mum looked over at the tree and presents, she would warn us, "There won't be as much for Christmas this year. Try not to be disappointed." Christmas had traditionally been a time for my parents to make us happy. In years past, we had a lot of presents here and there, taking over the living room.
On Christmas morning, we nervously waited in the hallway until Dad told us everything was ready. We rushed into the living room and let the wrapping paper fly. "Here's another one for you," said Mum as she handed me a package. I looked at it, confused. Having spent so much time examining the presents before Christmas, I recognized this one. But it had not been mine. It was my mum's. A new label (标签) had been put on it, with my name written in my mother's handwriting.
"Mum, I can't…"
I was stopped by my mother's eager, joyful look—a look I could not really understand. "Let's see what it is, honey. Hurry and open it."
It was a blow dryer. Though this may seem a simple gift, to me it was so much more. Being an eleven-year-old girl, I was stunned. In my world, where receiving outweighed giving, my mum's act of selflessness was incomprehensible. It was a huge act. Tears filled my eyes and I thought in disbelief about how much my mum must love me to give up her Christmas present so I could have a few more presents.
I have always remembered that Christmas. It had such an effect on me. As a mother with children in my life whom I love, I can now understand my mum's action because giving truly is better than receiving. My mum's simple act meant the world to me.
(1) What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．The author wanted very much to get Christmas presents this year.
B．There were many presents for the author in years past.
C．The author's mother wanted to give a surprise to her children.
D．The author's mother was excited about the Christmas presents.
(2) The mother gave her daughter her own present because _____.
A．she loved her daughter
B．she didn't need the present
C．she didn't like her present
D．she thought the present was simple
(3) The underlined word "stunned" in Paragraph 5 most probably means _____.
A．worried B．bored C．interested D．surprised
(4) Which of the following best describes the author's mother
A．Friendly and energetic. B．Strict and intelligent.
C．Selfless and kind-hearted. D．Helpful and patient.
(5) The main purpose of the passage is to tell us _____.
A．good is rewarded with good
B．giving is better than receiving
C．a friend in need is a friend indeed
D．where there is a will, there's a way
High school biology teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphones were a problem in her class. But not even the students realized how much of a problem the smartphones were until Chavis did an in-class experiment.
For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every message, call or other notices that appeared on their phones. Chavis told students not to respond to these notices.
"One girl, just during the one hour, got close to 150 notices. 150!" she said.
Chavis is among a growing number of teachers, parents and health experts who believe that smartphones are now partly the cause of increasing the levels of student worries.
Tests, after-school activities and problems at home can increase stress for students.
But research now suggests that smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising anxiety levels.
"What a lot of teens told me is that they feel worried without social media and their phones," she said. This use of phones has led to a loss of sleep and face-to-face interactions necessary for their mental well-being.
Nearly 60 percent of parents said they worry about the influence of social media on their child's physical and mental health. Some parents are not letting their children get smartphones until they grow up.
Schools are starting to take steps to solve the problem. Many public schools pay outside companies to watch students' social media activity for signs of distress. Others invite in yoga (瑜伽) teachers and comfort dogs to help calm students.
(1) The students in Kelly Chavis' class _____.
A．never play smartphones in class
B．get more than 150 notices every hour
C．do not really like the experiment
D．now realize the problem of smartphones
(2) One girl in Kelly Chavis' class got _____ 150 notices in just one hour.
A．nearly B．over C．just D．as much as
(3) The underlined word "anxiety" in Paragraph 6 may mean "_____".
A．excitement B．sadness C．worry D．happiness
(4) Which of the following may be the result of using phones too much
A．Feeling sleepy in class. B．Losing their friends.
C．Playing yoga after class. D．Giving up their hobbies.
(5) What is the passage mainly about
A．Smartphones should be refused.
B．Smartphones raise worry levels.
C．An experiment about smartphones.
D．Solutions of smartphone problems.
The evening arrived; the boys took their places. The master, in his cook's uniform, stood at the table; his poor helpers were behind him; the gruel (稀粥) was handed out; and after they spoke to God to give thanks, there was little time left to eat. The gruel disappeared in no time; the boys whispered to each other, and encouraged Oliver to ask for more. Oliver was very hungry and decided to take a risk. He rose from the table, and went to the master, plate and spoon in hand, said:
"Please, sir. I want some more."
__①__
The master was a fat, healthy man, but his face became very pale. He looked at the small boy in great surprise for some seconds, and nearly fell but for the support to the table. The helpers were frozen with wonder; the boys with fear.
"What!" said the master at last, in a weak voice.
"Please, sir," replied Oliver. "I want some more."
The master hit Oliver's head with the ladle (长勺) and screamed for Mr Bumble.
__②__
Some people were sitting in talking about something, when Mr Bumble rushed into the room in great excitement, and spoke directly to the gentleman in the high chair, said:
"Mr Limbkins, I beg your pardon, sir! Oliver Twist has asked for more!"
__③__
"For more!" said Mr Limbkins. "Calm yourself, Bumble, and answer me clearly. Do I understand that he asked for more, after he had eaten the supper which was offered "
"He did, sir," replied Bumble.
"That boy will be hanged (绞死)," said the gentleman in white. "I know that boy will be hanged."
Nobody was against the gentleman's idea. A heated discussion took place. Oliver was locked in a cold dark room and no boys were allowed to talk to him. The next morning a notice was put up on the outside of the gate, offering a reward of five pounds to anybody who would employ (雇佣) Oliver Twist. In other words, five pounds and Oliver Twist were offered to any man or woman who wanted an apprentice (学徒) to any trade or business.
__④__
(1) The main idea of the first paragraph is _____.
A．the result of the story B．the hope for more food
C．the courage for more food D．the cause of the story
(2) When the master heard Oliver's words, he felt _____ first.
A．surprised B．sad C．afraid D．excited
(3) The characters were angry about Oliver because _____.
A．Oliver put the master to the trouble of cooking more
B．Oliver challenged the traditional rules
C．Oliver impressed Limbkins with his not keeping a diet
D．Oliver had bad relationships with the gentleman in white
(4) The sentences "There was a general start (突然一惊). Everyone's face was full of horror." can be put in _____.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
(5) From the last paragraph, we know that Oliver would _____.
A．be hanged at once
B．become an apprentice working for Mr Bumble
C．be sent to anyone who wanted an apprentice
D．stay in the cold dark room forever
It's not WASTE until it is WASTED!
With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colours of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled (循环再用); the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste.
The followings are some instructions for you.
Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles.
Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs (电灯泡) must not be included in the glass waste.
Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled.
Warning: Paper tissues (餐纸) and wall paper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately.
PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and Drink boxes are used to make new packaging.
Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yoghurt pots), plastic bags must not be included with the PMD waste.
Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries (电池), paint and oil…
Besides, if you don't need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We're going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don't have enough money for a bike.
To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.
(1) The fish bones (骨) should be thrown in the _____ bin.
A．red B．green C．blue D．yellow
(2) If you give your old bike to the volunteers, it will be _____.
A．sold to collect money for the poor kids
B．fixed up and given back to you for free
C．fixed up and given away to the poor kids
D．given away immediately to the poor kids
(3) The main purpose of this passage is _____.
A．to look for volunteers for waste sorting
B．to introduce waste sorting to the students
C．to introduce the World Environment Day
D．to advertise glass, paper and plastic products
The corona-virus pandemic (新冠疫情) made a great difference in people's life in 2020. There is an unusual way to change the bad moods caused by it. It could be seen in letters to Father Christmas arriving at a post office in Southwest France. The post office answered mails sent to the traditional Father Christmas from around the world.
Jim, a little boy from Taiwan, put a face mask inside the letter he sent to Father Christmas and wrote "I U". Alina, 5, in her letter, asked Father Christmas to use the front door because the back door was only used by Grandma and Grandpa to reduce their risk of catching the new corona-virus. And 10-year-old Lola wrote that she was wishing "that my aunt never has cancer again and that there will be no virus any more". "My mother is a care-giver, so she has to take care of many patients or disabilities, and sometimes I am worried about her," Lola explained. She ended with "take care of yourself, Father Christmas". Thousands of letters arrived. They showed what children were thinking about this Christmas season after a year of illness and hard lives. Young Zoe asked only for a music player and a visit to a theme park, because "this year has been very different from others because of COVID-19".
The earliest letters were opened on November 12. Then, it quickly became clear that the pandemic was worrying children. Thirty percent of the letters discussed the pandemic. "The kids have been very influenced by COVID, more than we think. They are very worried. What they want most of all is really to be able to have a normal life, the end of COVID, a vaccine (疫苗), not only the presents," said a staff of the post office. "We are like masters of therapy," she added.
Emma Barron works for the health of children and teenagers at a hospital in Paris. She said important days like birthdays or Christmas could give children a sense of safety. "They are an important part of the child's happiness," she said. "This year, they are especially important."
(1) To change the bad moods caused by the Corona-virus pandemic, children _____.
A．wrote letters to Father Christmas
B．met Father Christmas at a post office
C．asked Father Christmas to come home
D．answered letters from the whole world
(2) Alina advised Father Christmas to use the front door because _____.
A．her aunt had a cancer
B．the back door was broken then
C．it could be safer for grandparents
D．her mother had to look after patients
(3) From the letters, we learn what children want includes _____.
①presents ②a vaccine ③a normal life ④the end of COVID
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④
(4) The passage is mainly about _____.
A．children's and parents' bad moods
B．the presents from Father Christmas
C．the influence of COVID-19 on children
D．the importance of Christmas for children
On October 25th, 2018, Christie's (佳士得拍卖行) had a very unusual sale. It sold the first piece of artwork created by artificial intelligence for $432,500.
The painting was created by an AI program written by Obvious, an AI research studio in Paris. Soon questions rang through the media: Is this art Who is the artist How about the owner Are machines now creative, too
All good questions—but too early. The technology is far from advanced (高级的), as Obvious suggested, because the public is completely confused about what AI is, and what it is able to do.
In fact, the painting was just one of the countless artworks AI could produce. It was the team behind Obvious that chose this one. The team first programmed the AI, and then they chose 15,000 paintings to train the software (软件). Connecting the painting with the algorithm (计算程序) was just a clever marketing tool. AI did not produce the painting on its own at all.
Lots of artists are using the same software as Obvious, but none of them is worried about losing jobs because of AI. As they build the machine themselves and work with it every day, they know how limited it is. What interests the artists is to create works together: the way AI lets them go beyond their natural ability.
Artists also laugh at the idea that AI is creative. It certainly creates things, sometimes in new and successful ways, but it does so without a purpose. It is the artist who shapes its output. "You make a fire and it produces interesting shapes, but in the end the fire is not creative. AI is a glorified (被美化的) campfire," said one of the pioneers of using AI in art.
(1) The underlined word "confused" in Paragraph 3 probably means "_____".
A．easy to understand B．angry
C．unable to think clearly D．certain
(2) Paragraph 4 mainly talks about _____.
A．what the painting was created for
B．how AI learned to paint
C．why the painting was connected with the algorithm
D．why the painting was not created by AI alone
(3) According to the article, the AI technology makes artists able to _____.
A．paint on the computers B．come up with new ideas
C．improve their painting skills D．save time and money
(4) We can learn from the article that the AI technology _____.
A．can produce countless artworks B．requires no programming
C．can think for itself D．makes artists lose jobs
With the popularity of social media, cyber bullying (网络欺凌) has become a common social problem that many families, communities and schools have had to face head-on.
Described as "willful and repeated harm caused through the use of computers, cellphones, and other electronic products", cyber bullying often appears as sending, posting, or sharing something harmful or untrue about others. It can also include sharing the personal or private information of others and sending unkind or impolite messages to a person or a group online.
Compared with traditional acts of bullying, cyber bullying is easier to perform for its low cost. For the anonymous (匿名的) environment in cyber space, the bullies don't have to face victims (受害者) in person, and victims often don't know who is hurting them. In this invisible war, some cyber bullying crosses the line into unlawful or criminal behavior.
Cyber bullying can cause hurt pride and poor school results. It can also lead to difficulty in forming healthy relationships and most importantly, victims can develop long-term symptoms (症状) of stress. __▲__, and young people are more easily to get hurt. To protect children and teenagers from cyber bullying, China adopted a revision (通过修订) to the Law on the Protection of Minors on October 17th. The revised law which will come into force on June 1, 2021 includes a new part on internet protection to protect those under the age of 18.
According to the revision, young people under cyber bullying and their guardians (监护人) have the right to ask internet service providers to take action such as deleting, blocking or disconnecting links about victims. Upon receiving the notice, the service providers should take necessary action to stop the bullying and prevent the spread of related information. The revision also makes rules on cyber crime and school bullying against young people. Calling for the all-around efforts of internet service providers, guardians and schools, the new law hopes to provide a protective umbrella for young people to grow healthily.
(1) Which of the following words has the closest meaning to "invisible"
A．Unseen. B．Hidden. C．Unnoticed. D．Magical.
(2) Which of the following can be best put in the blank in Paragraph 4
A．Cyber bullying does harm to people who use electronic products.
B．People of all ages should know the danger of cyber bullying.
C．These influences can be harmful to victims whatever their ages.
D．Cyber bullying is dangerous to body and mind of people.
(3) What can we learn about cyber bullying from the passage
A．Cyber bullying is everywhere with the development of technology.
B．Cyber bullying is easy to spread and difficult to control.
C．Cyber bullying has the biggest influence on young people at school.
D．Cyber bullying is the most dangerous bullying in the world.
(4) Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about _____.
A．the influence of cyber bullying
B．the methods of cyber bullying spread
C．the purpose of adopting the revision
D．the ways to protect cyber bullying victims
China will gradually increase required scores on the physical exercise test to the same level as those of Chinese, maths and English on high school entrance exams, or zhongkao.
It's important to improve PE in schools because some people think low importance given to PE in schools in the past has led to some health problems among teenagers, such as near-sight and fatness.
Wang Dengfeng, the head of the Department (部门) of Physical, Health and Arts Education at the Ministry of Education, said Yunnan province is the only provincial region (省区) in China to give PE classes the same weight as academic subjects (学术科目) on high school entrance exams, and other regions should gradually increase the weight of PE classes. "All provincial regions also should gradually add tests of students' artistic abilities to the high school entrance exams by 2022," he added.
Earlier, the guidelines (指导方针), announced by the general offices of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, have encouraged primary and secondary schools to provide students with one PE class a day and to open enough art classes for students, including music, painting, dance and drama.
Besides, students in primary and junior high schools should master two basic sports skills: running and jumping, and take part in sports, such as soccer, basketball, volleyball, swimming and winter sports. Chen Peijie, the president of Shanghai University of Sport, said surveys have shown that ninth and tenth graders have better physical health than students in other grades because they need to prepare for the test.
At the same time, the news also causes heated discussions among the public. China's traditional idea of schooling emphasizes more on academic education than physical education, and schools often treat PE as less important by not offering enough PE courses. It is also common for teachers in major subjects, such as Chinese, maths and English, to use class time set for PE for their own subjects.
(1) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Most teenagers are unhealthy because they take less PE classes.
B．PE will be paid more attention than English in the future.
C．Tests of students' artistic abilities will be added to zhongkao in 2022.
D．The health condition of the ninth grade students is the best.
(2) What can we infer about the classes in the future from the passage
A．PE teachers will spend more time teaching running and jumping.
B．High school students will have at least five PE classes a week.
C．Primary school students will have more tests in art classes.
D．Some English classes will be changed into PE classes.
(3) What does the underlined word "emphasize" in the last paragraph mean
A．Stress. B．Spend. C．Test. D．Prefer.
(4) What is the passage mainly about
A．More attention should be paid to students' health.
B．Different regions treat differently on PE classes.
C．PE is more important than academic subjects.
D．Provinces will increase weight on PE scores on high school entrance exams.
答案
一、阅读理解题（共10题）
1.
(1) A
(2) C
(3) B
(4) D
(5) C
(1) 本文是一篇议论文，主要谈论了读书的重要性。
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People read books less often these days.”可知应选 A 项。
(2) 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Books can make people cleverer 可知应选 C 项。
(3) 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的 might become very sick or even die 以及上文中的“Imagine trying to do something as simple as reading the directions on a medicine bottle without good reading skills.”可知，有些人因为读不懂药瓶上的使用说明，可能使病情变得很严重，甚至死去，由此可推断 them 指的是“药瓶上的使用说明”。
(4) 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Some people say that reading is a waste of time and we can do better things with our time.”可知应选 D 项。
(5) 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要谈论的是阅读的重要性以及我们为什么应该多读书。故选 C 项。
2.
(1) B
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) A
(1) 本文是一篇议论文。本文的论点是，不论遇到什么事，都要相信自己、爱自己。作者通过自己一次钢琴独奏会的经历诠释了自己的观点。
细节理解题。从第二段中的“The hardest thing for you to do is to look in the mirror and like what you see, and then be thankful.”可知，你最难做的事就是照镜子，喜欢你所看到的，然后心存感恩。故选 B。
(2) 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的 I began taking piano lessons 以及画线单词后的 but I had a piece that I couldn't completely memorise 可知选 B。
(3) 主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，在第一段中，作者告诉我们，无论发生什么事你都应该相信自己，也就是说，在任何状况下都应该相信自己；在第三段中，作者列举了自己当时因一些小的事情而感到沮丧；在第四段中，作者提及了其上钢琴课的事情；在第六段中，作者谈到自己对弹不好钢琴曲感到沮丧时，不再放弃；在第七段中，作者说只有用心才能够实现目标。由此可知正确的顺序是 e-d-c-b-a。故选 C。
(4) 推理判断题。作者通过自己一次钢琴独奏会的经历告诉大家：永不言弃，相信自己，世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选 D。
(5) 文章出处题。阅读文章可知，在这篇文章里，作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉人们要相信自己。这篇文章应该会出现在杂志里，而不会出现在新闻、故事书或音乐书里。故选 A。
3.
(1) B
(2) A
(3) D
(4) C
(5) B
(1) 这是一篇记叙文。在家庭艰难的一年，作者的妈妈把自己的圣诞礼物给了作者，这让作者深思，她认为人应该多给予少索取。
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句（In years past, we had a lot of presents here and there, taking over the living room.）可知，往年圣诞节时，作者都收到很多礼物，家里到处都是礼物。故选 B。
(2) 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句（Tears filled my eyes and I thought in disbelief about how much my mum must love me to give up her Christmas present so I could have a few more presents.）可知，妈妈给作者礼物，是因为妈妈爱她。故选 A。
(3) 词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在这句话后面一句（In my world, where receiving outweighed giving, my mum's act of selflessness was incomprehensible.）可知，当时的作者认为得到比给予更重要，所以她不理解妈妈为什么那么做。故选 D，即对妈妈的做法感到惊讶。
(4) 推理判断题。根据文章中有关妈妈把自己的礼物给作者的故事可知，选项 C 符合语境。
(5) 写作目的题。通过文章中描述的妈妈对作者的无私付出可知，选项 B 最符合题意。
4.
(1) D
(2) A
(3) C
(4) A
(5) B
(1) 随着智能手机的普及，老师和家长越来越担心它对孩子的不良影响。
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话（But not even the students realized how much of a problem the smartphones were until Chavis did an in-class experiment.）可知，Chavis 在班里做过实验后，学生便开始意识到智能手机的问题了。
(2) 细节理解题。根据第三段这句话中的 close to（意为“接近”）可知，选 A。
(3) 词义猜测题。根据下一段第一句话中的 feel worried 可知，该词表示“担心，焦虑”。
(4) 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可推知，A 项正确，即玩手机会睡眠不足，上课就容易犯困。
(5) 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是手机对孩子的影响，以及老师、家长等对这个问题的担忧。
5.
(1) D
(2) A
(3) B
(4) A
(5) C
(1) 一个叫 Oliver 的孩子由于违背传统规则而受到严厉的惩罚——将被送给别人当学徒。
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，第一段是为了介绍故事最后 Oliver 遭受严厉惩罚这件事的起因。故选 D。
(2) 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He looked at the small boy in great surprise for some seconds, and nearly fell but for the support to the table.”可知，主人开始听到 Oliver 的请求时感到很惊讶。故选 A。
(3) 推理判断题。根据文章，特别是第三段内容可推知，Oliver 之所以被惩罚，是因为违背了传统的规则。故选 B。
(4) 篇章结构题。根据第三段以及后文内容可知，Oliver 的请求让在场所有人都感觉很惊讶，所以应该放在 ① 空处，即他刚说出请求，在场的人都感到突然一惊。故选 A。
(5) 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句话“The next morning a notice was put up on the outside of the gate, offering a reward of five pounds to anybody who would employ (雇佣) Oliver Twist. In other words, five pounds and Oliver Twist were offered to any man or woman who wanted an apprentice (学徒) to any trade or business.”可知，作为惩罚，Oliver 将会被送给别人当学徒。故选 C。
6.
(1) B
(2) C
(3) B
(1) 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 the green is for kitchen waste 可知，厨余垃圾应放到绿色垃圾桶中，而鱼骨属于厨余垃圾，应放进绿色的垃圾桶中。故选 B。
(2) 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Besides, if you don't need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We're going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don't have enough money for a bike. 可知，我们不用的旧自行车捐给志愿者后，他们会把自行车修理好并送给没有钱买自行车的孩子。故选 C。
(3) 目的意图题。文章主要介绍了学校设置了四种不同颜色的垃圾箱，以便学生对不同的垃圾进行分类投放，故本文的主要目的是向学生介绍如何进行垃圾分类。故选 B。
7.
(1) A
(2) C
(3) D
(4) C
(1) 新冠疫情对 2020 年产生了巨大的影响，尤其是对孩子们的情绪也产生了很大的影响。从孩子们写给圣诞老人的信中能看出孩子们的担忧。重要的日子能给孩子们提供安全感，是孩子们幸福的重要部分，在特殊的 2020 年尤其是如此。
细节理解题。根据第一段的 There is an unusual way to change the bad moods caused by it. It could be seen in letters to Father Christmas arriving at a post office in Southwest France. 及第二段的陈述可知，新冠疫情影响了人们的情绪，这从写给圣诞老人的信中就能看出。所以，为了改变新冠疫情给人们带来的不良影响，孩子们可以写信给圣诞老人，故选 A。
(2) 细节理解题。根据第二段的 Alina, 5, in her letter, asked Father Christmas to use the front door because the back door was only used by Grandma and Grandpa to reduce their risk of catching the new corona-virus. 可知，只有 Alina 的爷爷奶奶使用后门，是为了减少他们感染新冠肺炎的危险，所以 Alina 建议圣诞老人走前门，故选 C。
(3) 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 What they want most of all is really to be able to have a normal life, the end of COVID, a vaccine (疫苗), not only the presents… 可知，孩子们除了想要礼物之外，还想要正常的生活、新冠肺炎消失，疫苗，故选 D。
(4) 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了新冠疫情对孩子们的影响。故选 C。
8.
(1) C
(2) D
(3) C
(4) A
(1) 本文是一篇议论文。文章依据“2018 年 10 月 25 日，佳士得拍卖行以 432500 美元的价格卖出了第一件人工智能创作的艺术品”这一事件为开端，对人工智能是否有创造力等问题进行了讨论。
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Soon questions rang through the media: Is this art Who is the artist How about the owner Are machines now creative, too ”可知公众并不清楚什么是人工智能以及它能做什么，所以 confused 的意思是“困惑的”，故选 C。
(2) 段落大意题。本段主要讲述了人工智能作画的过程。根据第四段最后一句“AI did not produce the painting on its own at all.”可知人工智能并不是自己独立作画，故选 D。
(3) 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“What interests the artists is to create works together: the way AI lets them go beyond their natural ability.”可知让艺术家们感兴趣的是他们可以和人工智能一起创造作品，人工智能可以让艺术家们超越他们本来的能力，从而提升了他们的绘画技能，故选 C。
(4) 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In fact, the painting was just one of the countless artworks AI could produce.”可知拍卖的这幅画只是人工智能的无数艺术作品中的一个，故选 A。
9.
(1) A
(2) C
(3) B
(4) D
(1) 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了网络欺凌的危害以及政府保护未成年人的相关举措。词义猜测题。根据画线词上文 For the anonymous (匿名的) environment in cyber space, the bullies don't have to face victims (受害者) in person, and victims often don't know who is hurting them. 可知网络欺凌的受害者无法看见谁在伤害他们。
(2) 推理判断题。C 项承上启下，These influences can be harmful 与上文讲述网络欺凌的各种影响呼应；victims whatever their ages 与下文提及未成年人更容易受伤呼应。
(3) 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，网络欺凌极易实施，且受害者无法看见谁在伤害他们，因此极易传播也极难控制。
(4) 段落大意题。通读第四段及第五段可知，第四、五段主要讲述了政府为保护未成年人免受网络欺凌而出台的相关举措。
10.
(1) C
(2) B
(3) A
(4) D
(1) 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各省中考将提高学生的体育成绩，并增加艺术能力测试。
判断正误题。根据第三段中的“All provincial regions also should gradually add tests of students' artistic abilities to the high school entrance exams by 2022”可知 2022 年中考将增加对学生艺术能力的测试，故选 C。
(2) 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 …have encouraged primary and secondary schools to provide students with one PE class a day… 可知中学生未来一周至少会有五节体育课，故选 B。
(3) 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文 schools often treat PE as less important by not offering enough PE courses 可推知“emphasize”与“less important”意思相反，故选 A。
(4) 主旨大意题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了各省中考将提高学生体育成绩的比重，故选 D。