专题04动词-ing
目录
考点归纳
易错分析
考点练透（考点归纳，易错分析，考点练透+真题模拟）
考点归纳
动词ing的基本形式
动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式 （以动词find为例）
内容 主动语态 被动语态 否定式
一般式 finding being found not finding
完成式 having found having been found not having found
（一般式）Do you mind my opening the window 你介意我打开窗户吗？
（完成式）I apologize for having broken my promise. 我没有遵守诺言，我道歉。
（被动式）I could no longer stand being treated like that. 我再也不能忍受被那样对待。
（完成被动式）She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英国受过训，她感到自豪。
（否定式）Jack's not getting the station on time made us worried. 杰克没有准时到达车站使我们很担忧。
动词ing形式表示被动意义
want/need/require doing=to be done需要做某事 My room requires cleaning every day. 我的房间每天需要打扫。
be worth doing=be worthy of being done值得做 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
deserve doing=deserve to be done值得做 He deserved to be punished.=He deserved punishing. 他应该受到惩罚。
只接doing作宾语的动词
mind/miss, enjoy/escape, consider, avoid/appreciate/advocate/allow, risk, finish/forbid/fancy, imagine, practise/postpone, suggest, delay
接to do/doing作宾语意义不同的动词
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做）
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变）
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
mean to do 打算做某事（未做）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
常考含介词to的动词短语归纳
look forward to 盼望某事 get down to着手
be used/accustomed to 习惯于 stick to坚持
pay attention to注意 devote/commit/apply oneself to致力于
object to反对 be opposed to反对
When it comes to 谈到…… attach importance to 重视
常考省略介词类动词短语
spend…(in) doing 花费时间做某事 waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事
be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事 prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事
have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难
have fun (in) doing做……开心 There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用
There is no harm (in) doing不妨做某事 have problems (in) doing做某事有困难
动词-ing作主语典型用法
1.位于句首，动名词直接作主语。 Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
2. It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is no use/good doing…。 It is no good turning to him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters. 向他求助没用，他对别人的事总是漠不关心。
3.用于There is no doing…固定句型，语气强硬。 There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. 不容否认的是咖啡并不适合每个人。
动词-ing复合结构典型用法
①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); 如
I insist on Mary's going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。
②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。如
His coming home late worries his other. 他来晚让妈妈很担忧。
I had not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。
名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); 宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)。如：
The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.医生并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。
I insist on both of them coming in time. 我坚持要他们两人准时来。
Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year 你还记得玛丽和她妈妈去年来看我们吗？
动词-ing作表语和定语典型用法
动名词作表语时主语通常是对等的关系，主语、表语可互换位置。动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
Your task is cleaning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your task.
What I hate most is being laughed at. = Being laughed at is what I hate most.
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing
易错分析
1. (2023·全国I卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _________ (want) more next time.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词。故填wanting。
2. (2023·全国II卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处用来修饰后面的名词Chinese zookeepers，visit和Chinese zookeepers是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用-ing主动形式。故填visiting。
3. (2021·全国甲卷) After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【解析】考查非谓语动词。前面的“After”是介词，介词后面用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填spending。
4. (2021·全国乙卷) Minimize the impact of ________ (visit) the place.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。所给的词是动词且位于介词of后，故用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填visiting。
5. (2020·新高考全国I卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ________ (walk) through a rainforest.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构分析，设空处和
其前的living一样，做动词的宾语。故填walking。
6. (2019·全国I卷) Scientists have responded by _______ (note)
that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human
settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词形式，做介词宾语。故填noting。
7. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee--- still working 40 hours a week.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，
应用其-ing形式作宾语。故填being。
8. (2018·浙江卷) I still remember ________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。
9. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _______ (die) early by running.
【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
10. (2017·全国Ⅰ) Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _______ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。
11. (2017·全国Ⅱ) This included digging up the road, _______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。included后的dig, lay, build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式作included的宾语。故填laying。
12. (全国Ⅱ) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without ______ (use) electric equipment.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。故填using
13. (2021·全国乙卷) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas ......
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，所填的词做表语。由于educate和the traveler之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词-ed形式。故填educated。
14. (2022·新高考全国II卷) When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _______ (fall) child.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已经出现了谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语形式；中心词child与fall之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式做定语。故用falling。
15. (2024·新课标全国II卷) _________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language __ (and) see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
16. (2017·全国Ⅲ) But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _______ (rest).
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是和她的同学们不同，16岁的莎拉并没有花半个学期的时间休息。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配。故填resting。
考点练透
选词填空
选词组并用适当形式填空，词组有多余。
live up to go for trial and error be in stitches not by any means convince sb of end the deadlock step in stick by get away with go to great lengths expose to
1．The famous stand-up comedian Pong Bo is expert at telling jokes. So hilarious was one told by him that everyone .
2．The residents in Ohio a potentially deadly situation when the Norfolk Southern Railway train derailed(脱轨) and caused 20 railcars carrying hazardous materials to burst into flames.
3．The two political parties have been in negotiations for weeks, but the appointment of a skilled mediator(调停者) has increased hopes of and reaching a mutually agreeable solution.
4．As the youngest Bennet sister, Lydia fails the social standards of her time after running off with a man who does not value her, causing scandal and embarrassment for her family in Pride and Prejudice.
5．Recently, people in both China and the USA to raise people’s awareness of the critical conditions giant panda Yaya is in, and they are appealing to the Memphis Zoo to send Yaya back to China as soon as possible.
6．John Wilkes Booth, the man responsible for killing Abraham Lincoln, fled the scene of the crime but was finally found and killed by Union troops, not the murder in the end.
7．Zhang Jike, a multiple-time world champion, has been involved in controversy as some netizens claimed he owed several million yuan in debt due to gambling. China’s Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission and has urged the department concerned to investigate the issue and make the results public as soon as possible.
8．Harry Potter, a boy wizard, is forced on multiple occasions to battle Voldemort, an evil wizard, but with Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger and those who love him and believe in him him, Harry is able to defeat the evil.
9．If you want to become “senior” fans of Star Trek, why not Klingon. It’s simply a fun way to immerse yourself in the Star Trek universe. Besides, you will enjoy talking to one another using this complexly constructed language.
10．The process of scientific discovery is often characterized by years of , with researchers tirelessly experimenting on their hypotheses until they finally arrive at breakthrough findings, which drive innovation in fields ranging from medicine and technology to renewable energy and space exploration.
单句语法填空
11．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Taking the time (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness.
（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）If your heart breaks like mine the thought of our irreplaceable heritage (lose) forever, please take action.
13．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Contrary popular history books, most academic books tend to adopt a more analytical and serious approach to (study) history.
14．（24-25高三上·全国·周测）Knowing that life can exist in these extreme conditions has changed scientific opinions about the chances of there (be) life elsewhere in the universe.
15．（18-19高三·全国·课后作业）There is one thing I dislike about him.He never admits (make) a mistake.
16．（2018高三·全国·专题练习）The TV Dwelling Narrowness (《蜗居》) is really fantastic.The show has succeeded in (get across) much to the audience, which has contributed to its success.
17．（18-19高三上·河南南阳·阶段练习）We were driving on the road when a big rock rolled down the hill and we only just escaped (hit).
18．（24-25高三上·福建厦门·开学考试） (tease) about my red hair made my heart sink.
19．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Not only was (paint) outdoors a refreshing change, but it also allowed me (see) colors and shapes in a new light.
20．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）On (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.
21．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Upon (hear)the funny historical story,everybody burst out laughing.
22．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）There is no point in (push) them unless they are talented and they enjoy it.
23．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）As a matter of fact, their (expand) business became a large corporation in 1996.
24．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）She’s very good at making friends and people, so she has a great on me and I like this girl.(influence)
25．（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）It’s a great pleasure (wander) along the beach when the moon is hanging high.
语篇填空
（19-20高三上·福建福州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空自处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
I will never forget the day when I went to a coming-of age ceremony. Last month, an unforgettable adult ceremony 26 (hold) for all the senior 3 students in our school. It began at half past two in the afternoon. Decorated by colorful flowers and balloons, the stadium looked 27 (fantastic) beautiful. All of us students were dressed 28 school uniforms with red ribbons on our wrists, showing the energy of youth. We walked into the stadium in high spirits. 29 (accompany) by our parents. Our principal delivered 30 inspiring speech at first, and we received 31 (congratulate) from our teachers. During the ceremony, we expressed our heart-felt gratitude to our parents by 32 (bow) to them. I was moved to tears when I got a photo album from my parents, 33 reminded me of my happy childhood. In the end, we raised our right hands and 34 (make) a serious promise to become reliable and honest citizens. As far as I’m concerned, the ceremony indicates that we should take on more responsibilities to be 35 (independence) and get away from the shelter of our family.
翻译
40．（2014·上海·高考真题）没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)
41．（2014·上海·高考真题）我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)
42．（2009·上海·高考真题）只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）专题04动词-ing
目录
考点归纳
易错分析
考点练透（考点归纳，易错分析，考点练透+真题模拟）
考点归纳
动词ing的基本形式
动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式 （以动词find为例）
内容 主动语态 被动语态 否定式
一般式 finding being found not finding
完成式 having found having been found not having found
（一般式）Do you mind my opening the window 你介意我打开窗户吗？
（完成式）I apologize for having broken my promise. 我没有遵守诺言，我道歉。
（被动式）I could no longer stand being treated like that. 我再也不能忍受被那样对待。
（完成被动式）She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英国受过训，她感到自豪。
（否定式）Jack's not getting the station on time made us worried. 杰克没有准时到达车站使我们很担忧。
动词ing形式表示被动意义
want/need/require doing=to be done需要做某事 My room requires cleaning every day. 我的房间每天需要打扫。
be worth doing=be worthy of being done值得做 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
deserve doing=deserve to be done值得做 He deserved to be punished.=He deserved punishing. 他应该受到惩罚。
只接doing作宾语的动词
mind/miss, enjoy/escape, consider, avoid/appreciate/advocate/allow, risk, finish/forbid/fancy, imagine, practise/postpone, suggest, delay
接to do/doing作宾语意义不同的动词
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做）
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变）
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
mean to do 打算做某事（未做）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
常考含介词to的动词短语归纳
look forward to 盼望某事 get down to着手
be used/accustomed to 习惯于 stick to坚持
pay attention to注意 devote/commit/apply oneself to致力于
object to反对 be opposed to反对
When it comes to 谈到…… attach importance to 重视
常考省略介词类动词短语
spend…(in) doing 花费时间做某事 waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事
be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事 prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事
have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难
have fun (in) doing做……开心 There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用
There is no harm (in) doing不妨做某事 have problems (in) doing做某事有困难
动词-ing作主语典型用法
1.位于句首，动名词直接作主语。 Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
2. It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is no use/good doing…。 It is no good turning to him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters. 向他求助没用，他对别人的事总是漠不关心。
3.用于There is no doing…固定句型，语气强硬。 There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. 不容否认的是咖啡并不适合每个人。
动词-ing复合结构典型用法
①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); 如
I insist on Mary's going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。
②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。如
His coming home late worries his other. 他来晚让妈妈很担忧。
I had not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。
名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); 宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)。如：
The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.医生并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。
I insist on both of them coming in time. 我坚持要他们两人准时来。
Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year 你还记得玛丽和她妈妈去年来看我们吗？
动词-ing作表语和定语典型用法
动名词作表语时主语通常是对等的关系，主语、表语可互换位置。动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
Your task is cleaning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your task.
What I hate most is being laughed at. = Being laughed at is what I hate most.
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing
易错分析
1. (2023·全国I卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _________ (want) more next time.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词。故填wanting。
2. (2023·全国II卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处用来修饰后面的名词Chinese zookeepers，visit和Chinese zookeepers是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用-ing主动形式。故填visiting。
3. (2021·全国甲卷) After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【解析】考查非谓语动词。前面的“After”是介词，介词后面用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填spending。
4. (2021·全国乙卷) Minimize the impact of ________ (visit) the place.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。所给的词是动词且位于介词of后，故用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填visiting。
5. (2020·新高考全国I卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ________ (walk) through a rainforest.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构分析，设空处和
其前的living一样，做动词的宾语。故填walking。
6. (2019·全国I卷) Scientists have responded by _______ (note)
that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human
settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词形式，做介词宾语。故填noting。
7. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷) A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee--- still working 40 hours a week.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，
应用其-ing形式作宾语。故填being。
8. (2018·浙江卷) I still remember ________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。
9. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _______ (die) early by running.
【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
10. (2017·全国Ⅰ) Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _______ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。
11. (2017·全国Ⅱ) This included digging up the road, _______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。included后的dig, lay, build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式作included的宾语。故填laying。
12. (全国Ⅱ) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without ______ (use) electric equipment.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。故填using
13. (2021·全国乙卷) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas ......
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，所填的词做表语。由于educate和the traveler之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词-ed形式。故填educated。
14. (2022·新高考全国II卷) When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _______ (fall) child.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已经出现了谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语形式；中心词child与fall之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式做定语。故用falling。
15. (2024·新课标全国II卷) _________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language __ (and) see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
16. (2017·全国Ⅲ) But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _______ (rest).
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是和她的同学们不同，16岁的莎拉并没有花半个学期的时间休息。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配。故填resting。
考点练透
选词填空
选词组并用适当形式填空，词组有多余。
live up to go for trial and error be in stitches not by any means convince sb of end the deadlock step in stick by get away with go to great lengths expose to
1．The famous stand-up comedian Pong Bo is expert at telling jokes. So hilarious was one told by him that everyone .
2．The residents in Ohio a potentially deadly situation when the Norfolk Southern Railway train derailed(脱轨) and caused 20 railcars carrying hazardous materials to burst into flames.
3．The two political parties have been in negotiations for weeks, but the appointment of a skilled mediator(调停者) has increased hopes of and reaching a mutually agreeable solution.
4．As the youngest Bennet sister, Lydia fails the social standards of her time after running off with a man who does not value her, causing scandal and embarrassment for her family in Pride and Prejudice.
5．Recently, people in both China and the USA to raise people’s awareness of the critical conditions giant panda Yaya is in, and they are appealing to the Memphis Zoo to send Yaya back to China as soon as possible.
6．John Wilkes Booth, the man responsible for killing Abraham Lincoln, fled the scene of the crime but was finally found and killed by Union troops, not the murder in the end.
7．Zhang Jike, a multiple-time world champion, has been involved in controversy as some netizens claimed he owed several million yuan in debt due to gambling. China’s Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission and has urged the department concerned to investigate the issue and make the results public as soon as possible.
8．Harry Potter, a boy wizard, is forced on multiple occasions to battle Voldemort, an evil wizard, but with Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger and those who love him and believe in him him, Harry is able to defeat the evil.
9．If you want to become “senior” fans of Star Trek, why not Klingon. It’s simply a fun way to immerse yourself in the Star Trek universe. Besides, you will enjoy talking to one another using this complexly constructed language.
10．The process of scientific discovery is often characterized by years of , with researchers tirelessly experimenting on their hypotheses until they finally arrive at breakthrough findings, which drive innovation in fields ranging from medicine and technology to renewable energy and space exploration.
【答案】
1．was in stitches 2．were exposed to 3．ending the deadlock 4．to live up to 5．have gone to great lengths 6．getting away with 7．has stepped in 8．sticking by 9．go for 10．trial and error
【解析】1．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：著名的脱口秀演员庞博擅长讲笑话。他说过的一个笑话是如此滑稽以至于每个人都忍不住大笑起来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语be in stitches，意为“忍不住大笑”，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时，主语是everyone，be用was。故填was in stitches。
2．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：当诺福克南方铁路列车脱轨并导致20辆载有危险材料的轨道车起火时，俄亥俄州的居民面临着潜在的致命情况。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语expose...to，意为“暴露给”，这里要用被动结构，动词expose和句子主语residents是动宾关系，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时，be用were。故填were exposed to。
3．考查动词短语辨析和非谓语。句意：两个政党已经进行了数周的谈判，但任命了一位熟练的调解人，增加了结束僵局和达成双方都同意的解决办法的希望。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语end the deadlock，意为“结束僵局”，作介词of的宾语，所以用动名词形式。故填ending the deadlock。
4．考查动词短语辨析和非谓语。句意：在《傲慢与偏见》中，作为贝内特家最小的妹妹，莉迪亚与一个不重视她的男人私奔后，没有达到当时的社会标准，给她的家人带来了极大的丑闻和尴尬。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语live up to，意为“达到期望”，前面是fail，用动词不定式结构作宾语，构成短语fail to do。故填to live up to。
5．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：最近，中美两国人民竭尽全力提高人们对大熊猫丫丫所处危急状况的认识，并呼吁孟菲斯动物园尽快将丫丫送回中国。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语go to great lengths，意为“竭尽全力”，句子有Recently作时间状语，谓语用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have gone to great lengths。
6．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：杀害亚伯拉罕·林肯的凶手约翰·威尔克斯·布斯逃离了犯罪现场，但最终被联邦军队发现并杀害，最终未能逃脱谋杀罪。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语get away with，意为“逃脱（惩罚）”，此处为句子状语，该短语和逻辑主语John Wilkes Booth之间是被动关系，用现在分词形式，表示主动。故填getting away with。
7．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：张继科，一位多次获得世界冠军的选手，因为一些网友声称他因赌博欠下了数百万元的债务而陷入争议。中国中央政法委已经介入并敦促有关部门调查此事，并尽快公布调查结果。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语step in，意为“介入”，作谓语，用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主语是Zhang Jike，助动词用has。故填has stepped in。
8．考查动词短语辨析和非谓语。句意：哈利·波特，一个小巫师，多次被迫与邪恶的巫师伏地魔作战，但有了罗恩·韦斯莱、赫敏·格兰杰和那些爱他、相信他的人的支持，哈利能够战胜邪恶。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语stick by，意为“坚守，忠于”，在with复合结构中，stick by和宾语Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger and those 是主动关系，用现在分词形式，作补语。故填sticking by。
9．考查动词短语辨析和谓语。句意：如果你想成为《星际迷航》的“资深”粉丝，为什么不选择克林贡呢。这只是一种让自己沉浸在《星际迷航》宇宙中的有趣方式。此外，你会喜欢用这种复杂的语言互相交谈。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语go for，意为“选择，喜欢”，用动词原形，构成固定句型why not do sth.。故填go for。
10．考查名词短语辨析。句意：科学发现的过程往往以多年的试错为特征，研究人员不知疲倦地试验他们的假设，直到最终得出突破性的发现，这些发现推动了从医学和技术到可再生能源和太空探索等领域的创新。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词短语trial and error，意为“试错”，作介词of的宾语。故填trial and error。
单句语法填空
11．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Taking the time (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness.
【答案】to rest
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）If your heart breaks like mine the thought of our irreplaceable heritage (lose) forever, please take action.
【答案】 at being lost
【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：如果你像我一样一想到我们不可替代的遗产将永远消失，请采取行动。第一空为固定短语at the thought of意为“一想到……”符合句意，所以此处使用介词at；第二空为非谓语动词作宾语，介词of后应为动名词短语作宾语，lose与our irreplaceable heritage 之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式，our irreplaceable heritage为动名词的逻辑主语。故填①at②being lost。
13．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Contrary popular history books, most academic books tend to adopt a more analytical and serious approach to (study) history.
【答案】 to studying
【详解】考查介词和非谓语动词。句意：与流行的历史书籍相反，大多数学术书籍倾向于采用更具分析性和严肃性的方法来研究历史。contrary to...意为“与……相反”，在句中作状语。approach to...意为“……的方法”，to为介词，其后跟动词时应用动名词作宾语。故填to；studying。
14．（24-25高三上·全国·周测）Knowing that life can exist in these extreme conditions has changed scientific opinions about the chances of there (be) life elsewhere in the universe.
【答案】being
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：知道生命可以在这些极端条件下存在，改变了科学界对宇宙其他地方存在生命可能性的看法。根据空前的of可知，空处需要be动名词形式being，构成there being的结构，作介词的宾语。表示“存在生命”这一状态的可能性，这种结构在语法上相当于一个存在句。故填being。
15．（18-19高三·全国·课后作业）There is one thing I dislike about him.He never admits (make) a mistake.
【答案】making
【详解】考查admit的用法。句意：关于他有一件事我不喜欢。他从不承认犯错误。admit作“承认”讲时，后常接动名词。故填making。
16．（2018高三·全国·专题练习）The TV Dwelling Narrowness (《蜗居》) is really fantastic.The show has succeeded in (get across) much to the audience, which has contributed to its success.
【答案】getting across
【详解】考查动名词。句意：电视剧《蜗居》真的很吸引人。它成功地和观众产生共鸣，这促进了它的成功。get across“使……被理解”，为动词短语，放在介词后应为动名词。故填getting across.
17．（18-19高三上·河南南阳·阶段练习）We were driving on the road when a big rock rolled down the hill and we only just escaped (hit).
【答案】being hit
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们正在路上开车，突然一块大石头从山上滚下来，我们差点儿没被砸着。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据escape doing意为“逃脱做某事”可知，此处应为动名词形式作宾语，hit与逻辑主语we之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式。故填being hit。
18．（24-25高三上·福建厦门·开学考试） (tease) about my red hair made my heart sink.
【答案】Being teased
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被人嘲笑我的红头发让我心情沉重。空白处需要一个成分作主语，表示“被嘲笑”这一动作，使用动名词形式。由于“我”是被嘲笑的对象，故使用“being + 过去分词”的形式来表示被动。故填Being teased。
19．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Not only was (paint) outdoors a refreshing change, but it also allowed me (see) colors and shapes in a new light.
【答案】 painting to see
【详解】考查动名词和不定式。句意：在户外画画不仅是一种令人耳目一新的改变，而且还让我以一种新的眼光看待颜色和形状。第一个空使用动名词作主语，表示抽象的、概念性的动作；第二个空为固定短语“allow sb to do”意为“允许……做某事”，故填①painting ②to see。
20．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）On (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.
【答案】arriving/arrival
【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着接他。介词On后可用动名词arriving或名词arrival作宾语，表示“一……”。故填arriving/arrival。
21．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Upon (hear)the funny historical story,everybody burst out laughing.
【答案】hearing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：听了这个有趣的历史故事，大家都哈哈大笑起来。根据空格前的介词Upon可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式hearing作宾语。故答案为hearing。
22．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）There is no point in (push) them unless they are talented and they enjoy it.
【答案】pushing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除非他们有天赋并且喜欢，否则督促他们是没有意义的。There is no point in doing...意为“做某事没有意义”，动名词作宾语。故填pushing。
23．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）As a matter of fact, their (expand) business became a large corporation in 1996.
【答案】expanding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，他们不断扩大的业务在1996年成为一家大公司。此处是动名词的复合结构one’s doing，作主语，one’s是doing的逻辑主语，故填expanding。
24．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）She’s very good at making friends and people, so she has a great on me and I like this girl.(influence)
【答案】 influencing influence influential
【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词和形容词。句意：她很擅长交朋友和影响别人，所以她对我有很大的影响，我喜欢这个有影响力的女孩。第一空和making并列作at的宾语，使用动名词形式；第二空使用名词单数作宾语；第三空使用形容词influential作定语，修饰名词girl。故填①influencing②influence③influential。
25．（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）It’s a great pleasure (wander) along the beach when the moon is hanging high.
【答案】wandering
【详解】考查动名词。句意：在明月高悬的夜晚漫步海滩是令人十分愉快的。“It’s a great pleasure...”为固定句型，意为“做某事很愉快”。It为形式主语，动名词为真正的主语。故填wandering。
语篇填空
（19-20高三上·福建福州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空自处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
I will never forget the day when I went to a coming-of age ceremony. Last month, an unforgettable adult ceremony 26 (hold) for all the senior 3 students in our school. It began at half past two in the afternoon. Decorated by colorful flowers and balloons, the stadium looked 27 (fantastic) beautiful. All of us students were dressed 28 school uniforms with red ribbons on our wrists, showing the energy of youth. We walked into the stadium in high spirits. 29 (accompany) by our parents. Our principal delivered 30 inspiring speech at first, and we received 31 (congratulate) from our teachers. During the ceremony, we expressed our heart-felt gratitude to our parents by 32 (bow) to them. I was moved to tears when I got a photo album from my parents, 33 reminded me of my happy childhood. In the end, we raised our right hands and 34 (make) a serious promise to become reliable and honest citizens. As far as I’m concerned, the ceremony indicates that we should take on more responsibilities to be 35 (independence) and get away from the shelter of our family.
【答案】
26．was held 27．fantastically 28．in 29．accompanied 30．an 31．congratulations 32．bowing 33．which 34．made 35．independent
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者成人典礼的过程以及它给作者带来的感悟。
26．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：上个月，一场令人难忘的高三成人礼在我校举行。an unforgettable adult ceremony（主语）与hold（谓语）是被动，last month是过去时间状语，故填was held。
27．考查副词。句意：运动场看起来极其漂亮。要用副词修饰形容词beautiful，故填fantastically。
28．考查介词。句意：我们所有同学都穿着校服。be dressed in…穿着……，故填in。
29．考查过去分词。句意：我们在父母的陪伴下，情绪高昂地走进运动场。walked为句子的谓语，所以accompany为非谓语，We与accompany是被动，故填Accompanied。
30．考查不定冠词。句意：我们的校长发表了鼓舞人心的演讲。deliver a speech做演讲。在本句中speech被inspiring修饰，且inspiring第一个音素为元音，故填an。
31．考查名词复数。句意：我们收到了老师们的祝贺。Congratulations贺词，祝贺，故填Congratulations。
32．考查动名词。句意：我们通过鞠躬的方式向我们的父母表达了衷心地感谢。by doing sth通过做某事，故填bowing。
33．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：当我从父母手中接过一本影集时，它让我想起了我快乐的童年，我感动地流下了眼泪。句子的先行词为a photo album from my parents，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词可选that或which。又因为定语从句前有逗号，判断为非限制性定语从句，不选that，而选which，故填which。
34．考查一般过去时。句意：我们举起了我们的右手，庄严宣誓成为一名诚实守信的公民。and 连接谓语动词raised和made，故填made。
35．考查形容词。句意：……仪式表明我们应该承担更多的责任，独立自主，远离家庭的庇护。be后面用形容词，故填independent。
【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要，在小题4中可以很好地体现，在确定句子谓语是walked后，我们判断出accompany是非谓语，再判断出句子主语we与accompany是被动，所以用过去分词，故accompanied 为正确答案。
36．（2020·新疆喀什·一模）The speech was so boring that I couldn’t help (sleep) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sleeping
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：演讲太无聊了，我忍不住睡着了。couldn’t help doing...是固定搭配，意为“禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事”。故填sleeping。
37．（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测） (equip) with a higher educational background increases your chance of having a promising career in the future.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Being equipped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拥有更高的教育背景会增加你在未来前途无量的机会。be equipped with为固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”，空格处在句中充当主语需用动名词形式。故填Being equipped。
38．（2020·新疆喀什·一模）The boys talks instead of (do) homework. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】doing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩们说话而不是做作业。分析句子可知，设空处用作介词短语instead of的宾语应填动名词形式。故填doing。
39．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）My mother thinks that (watch)TV is bad for my study. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】watching
【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：我的母亲认为看电视对我的学习不利。通过分析成分可知，本句主语是My mother，谓语动词是thinks，其后为that引导的宾语从句。从句中缺少主语，此处用动名词作主语，表示经常性，习惯性动作。故填watching。
翻译
40．（2014·上海·高考真题）没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)
【答案】There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme.
【详解】考查there be句型、短语、形容词比较级、非谓语动词和时态。本句使用there be句型，时态为一般现在时， nothing 后面是形容词作后置定语，因为是比较的含义，所以用形容词比较级more exciting，还有短语“被允许做”be allowed to do，以及短语“参加”take part in，介词than后接动名词作宾语，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme.
41．（2014·上海·高考真题）我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)
【答案】I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.
【详解】考查固定短语。此处主语为I；表示“习惯于做某事”短语为be accustomed to doing sth.；表示“听点轻音乐”短语为listen to some light music；表示“睡前”短语为before sleep。句子为一般现在时。故翻译为I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.
42．（2009·上海·高考真题）只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）
【答案】Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。表示“睡不着”可以用形容词awake；可运用动词短语搭配：keep + sb./sth. + adj. (使某人/某物保持某种状态)。故翻译为：Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
