广东省2016届高三二轮复习讲义：第六讲 主谓一致
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| 名称 | 广东省2016届高三二轮复习讲义：第六讲 主谓一致 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-04-18 15:41:59 | ||
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第六讲 主谓一致
主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )致原则，即语法形式一致，概念一致(语言内容上一致)，毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
一. 语法形式上的一致
1. 单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both卆nd连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如：
The performance was very funny.
Serving the people is my great happiness.
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
Many natural materials are becoming scarce.
Both you and I are students.
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.
注1：在what 引导的主语从句中，如果主语补语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：What we have to le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arn are the pieces of language that produce inversion.
注2：修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如：
The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.
The number of students in our school is 1,700.
2. 由as well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如：
My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office.
The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.
His sister no less than you is wrong.
The reading course ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
注：有时在with结构里，加上both之后，with就具有and含义。例如：
Grandpa Wang with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park.
3. 有些代词只能指单数可数名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如：
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。
4. 在neither of与either of的结构里，一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式。例如：
Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.
Has either of them been seen recently
5. 当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同一件事，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；在and后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。例如：
The bread and butter is served for breakfast. 早饭供应黄油面包。
The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。
6. 当one of, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a portion of, a series of, a species of, a chain of 结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
One of those students has passed the examination.
A series of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.
7. form of, type o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f, kind of 结构的谓语视form, type与kind的单复数而定.these/those kind/type of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
The kind of books a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n author writes depends on the kind of man who he is.
Some new types of cars are now on show.
These kind of recorders are good.
8. 由one and a half + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
One and a half apples is left on the plate.
9. 由the majority of + 名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
The majority of criminals are non-violent.
10. plenty of, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alf of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of,等 + 可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。例如：
Half of this building is to be completed by spring.
Half of the buildings have been painted completely.
There is plenty of water in the pail.
There are plenty of eggs in the box.
There is loads of milk on the farm.
There are loads of big red apples on the ground.
注：当名词前有其他量词修饰时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常取决于量词。例如：
Row upon row of soldiers is marching towards us on the field.
A body of volunteers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) has been organized to aid the helpless in their struggle for survival.
11. 由all of, most ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of, a lot of, some of, none of, plenty of , the rest 等 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式应与名词一致。例如：
None of the books satisfy the students.
None of this meat is fit to eat.
All of the research work was designed by the chief engineer.
All of the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are against the plan for an outing at this time of the term.
12. 由more than ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
More than one student has passed the examination.
Many a boy learns to swim before he can read.
注：如果more than后面是复数名词，则谓语动词要用复数。
例如：More than two hundred students have attended the lecture.
13. quantity of + 不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式; quantities of + 可数与不可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
Great quantities of milk are needed in this city.
There is a large quantity of milk.
14. 如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数 + of + 名词”，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如：
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.
15. 定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如：
He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.
“Keep cool” is the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst of the rules that are to be remembered in an accident.
注：当one之前有the only等限定词修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
He is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
二. 意义上一致
1. 名词作主语
(1)有些集合名词如audience、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、family, firm, government、group、orchestra(管弦乐队), party、public、school, staff 、team、 union,等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。例如：
His family is going to move.
His family are very well.
The public is / are requested not to leave litter in the park.
My family is going out for a trip.
The whole family are watching TV.
注：如这类词后跟有定语从句时，定语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的谓语动词也遵循概念一致的原则，强调具体成员时，谓语动词用复数，关系代词用who; 强调整体时，谓语动词用单数，关系代词用which。例如：
The government which ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was responsible for this event attempted to find a solution.
The government who wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e responsible for this event attempted to find a solution.
Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。
(2)有些表示总称意义的名词，形式上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如people, police, cattle, oxen等。例如：
Cattle were allowed to graze on the village common.
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.
(3)有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是单数。如news, means, works.还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称，如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等，它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
Politics is a complicated business.
Here is the news.
单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
(4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。My uncle’s is not far from here.
常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：
Richardson’s have a lot of old goods to sell.
(5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。
例如：
Twenty miles is a long way to walk.
Three pints isn’t enough to get me drunk.
Thirty years has passed.
Five minutes is enough to finish the task.
(6)不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.
(7)如果主语有more than one 或many a 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has seen the play.
Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.
但是，“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。
(8)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。
但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
(9)短语this kind of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)(这一类人)，但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。如：
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of theis kind/sort are dangerous.
(10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种 类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有 a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。
(11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。
All of my students work hard.
All of the oil is gone.
(12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.
(13)国家、单位和书报的名称，作为一个单一的概念，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
War and Peace is the longest book I’ve read.
2. 由连接词连接的名词作主语。
(1) 用and或both ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
A knife and fork is on the table.
(2) 当主语后面跟有as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。
(3) 以or、either or、neigher nor、not only but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。
3. 代词作主语。
(1) 名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.
Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.
(2) such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such is our plan. Such are his last words.
(3) 关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
(4) 疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu.
Who lives next door It is Wang and Li.
(5) 用and连接的单数主语，前面有ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语与each连用时，应不受each的影响，谓语动词仍用复数形式。例如：
Each pen and each paper is found in its place.
Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.
Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.
The old workers and the young each have their own tools.
不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：
A. 单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。
Now all has been changed. All are present.
B. 其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。
Do (es) any of yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u know about the accident None of us has(have) seen the film.
4. 分数、量词作主语。
(1)“分数或百分数 + 名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：
Lots of damage was caused by flood.
A number of students have gone to the countryside.
A large quantity of people is needed here.
Quantities of food (nuts) were still on the table.
(2)a great deal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
(3)表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
(4)half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数。
5. 名词化的形容词作主语。
the +形容词作主语时，如主语指的是一类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。如果指的是单个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。如the unknown、the beautiful等。
The blind are taught trades in special schools.
The departed was a good friend of his.
6. 从句作主语。
(1)由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
What we need is more money.
What we need are more people/teachers.
(2)在“one of + 复数名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+ who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有the only则用单数形式。
This is one of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e most interesting stories that have been told by my father.
She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today.
7. 不定式、名动词(短语)作主语
用单数形式；There be句型中be的单复数取决于be后的第一个词的数。
There is a book, two pens on the desk.
There are two pens, a book on the desk.
三. 就近原则
即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )近它的词语。如果连词or、either or、neither nor、not only but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
如：Either you or I am mad.
主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )致原则，即语法形式一致，概念一致(语言内容上一致)，毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
一. 语法形式上的一致
1. 单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both卆nd连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如：
The performance was very funny.
Serving the people is my great happiness.
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
Many natural materials are becoming scarce.
Both you and I are students.
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.
注1：在what 引导的主语从句中，如果主语补语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：What we have to le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arn are the pieces of language that produce inversion.
注2：修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如：
The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.
The number of students in our school is 1,700.
2. 由as well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如：
My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office.
The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.
His sister no less than you is wrong.
The reading course ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
注：有时在with结构里，加上both之后，with就具有and含义。例如：
Grandpa Wang with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park.
3. 有些代词只能指单数可数名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如：
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。
4. 在neither of与either of的结构里，一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式。例如：
Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.
Has either of them been seen recently
5. 当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同一件事，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；在and后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。例如：
The bread and butter is served for breakfast. 早饭供应黄油面包。
The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。
6. 当one of, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a portion of, a series of, a species of, a chain of 结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
One of those students has passed the examination.
A series of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.
7. form of, type o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f, kind of 结构的谓语视form, type与kind的单复数而定.these/those kind/type of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
The kind of books a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n author writes depends on the kind of man who he is.
Some new types of cars are now on show.
These kind of recorders are good.
8. 由one and a half + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
One and a half apples is left on the plate.
9. 由the majority of + 名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
The majority of criminals are non-violent.
10. plenty of, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alf of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of,等 + 可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。例如：
Half of this building is to be completed by spring.
Half of the buildings have been painted completely.
There is plenty of water in the pail.
There are plenty of eggs in the box.
There is loads of milk on the farm.
There are loads of big red apples on the ground.
注：当名词前有其他量词修饰时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常取决于量词。例如：
Row upon row of soldiers is marching towards us on the field.
A body of volunteers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) has been organized to aid the helpless in their struggle for survival.
11. 由all of, most ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of, a lot of, some of, none of, plenty of , the rest 等 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式应与名词一致。例如：
None of the books satisfy the students.
None of this meat is fit to eat.
All of the research work was designed by the chief engineer.
All of the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are against the plan for an outing at this time of the term.
12. 由more than ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
More than one student has passed the examination.
Many a boy learns to swim before he can read.
注：如果more than后面是复数名词，则谓语动词要用复数。
例如：More than two hundred students have attended the lecture.
13. quantity of + 不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式; quantities of + 可数与不可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
Great quantities of milk are needed in this city.
There is a large quantity of milk.
14. 如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数 + of + 名词”，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如：
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.
15. 定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如：
He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.
“Keep cool” is the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst of the rules that are to be remembered in an accident.
注：当one之前有the only等限定词修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
He is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
二. 意义上一致
1. 名词作主语
(1)有些集合名词如audience、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、family, firm, government、group、orchestra(管弦乐队), party、public、school, staff 、team、 union,等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。例如：
His family is going to move.
His family are very well.
The public is / are requested not to leave litter in the park.
My family is going out for a trip.
The whole family are watching TV.
注：如这类词后跟有定语从句时，定语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的谓语动词也遵循概念一致的原则，强调具体成员时，谓语动词用复数，关系代词用who; 强调整体时，谓语动词用单数，关系代词用which。例如：
The government which ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was responsible for this event attempted to find a solution.
The government who wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e responsible for this event attempted to find a solution.
Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。
(2)有些表示总称意义的名词，形式上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如people, police, cattle, oxen等。例如：
Cattle were allowed to graze on the village common.
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.
(3)有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是单数。如news, means, works.还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称，如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等，它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
Politics is a complicated business.
Here is the news.
单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
(4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。My uncle’s is not far from here.
常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：
Richardson’s have a lot of old goods to sell.
(5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。
例如：
Twenty miles is a long way to walk.
Three pints isn’t enough to get me drunk.
Thirty years has passed.
Five minutes is enough to finish the task.
(6)不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.
(7)如果主语有more than one 或many a 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has seen the play.
Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.
但是，“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。
(8)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。
但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
(9)短语this kind of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)(这一类人)，但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。如：
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of theis kind/sort are dangerous.
(10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种 类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有 a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。
(11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。
All of my students work hard.
All of the oil is gone.
(12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.
(13)国家、单位和书报的名称，作为一个单一的概念，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
War and Peace is the longest book I’ve read.
2. 由连接词连接的名词作主语。
(1) 用and或both ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
A knife and fork is on the table.
(2) 当主语后面跟有as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。
(3) 以or、either or、neigher nor、not only but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。
3. 代词作主语。
(1) 名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.
Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.
(2) such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such is our plan. Such are his last words.
(3) 关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
(4) 疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu.
Who lives next door It is Wang and Li.
(5) 用and连接的单数主语，前面有ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语与each连用时，应不受each的影响，谓语动词仍用复数形式。例如：
Each pen and each paper is found in its place.
Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.
Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.
The old workers and the young each have their own tools.
不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：
A. 单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。
Now all has been changed. All are present.
B. 其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。
Do (es) any of yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u know about the accident None of us has(have) seen the film.
4. 分数、量词作主语。
(1)“分数或百分数 + 名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：
Lots of damage was caused by flood.
A number of students have gone to the countryside.
A large quantity of people is needed here.
Quantities of food (nuts) were still on the table.
(2)a great deal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
(3)表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
(4)half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数。
5. 名词化的形容词作主语。
the +形容词作主语时，如主语指的是一类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。如果指的是单个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。如the unknown、the beautiful等。
The blind are taught trades in special schools.
The departed was a good friend of his.
6. 从句作主语。
(1)由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
What we need is more money.
What we need are more people/teachers.
(2)在“one of + 复数名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+ who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有the only则用单数形式。
This is one of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e most interesting stories that have been told by my father.
She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today.
7. 不定式、名动词(短语)作主语
用单数形式；There be句型中be的单复数取决于be后的第一个词的数。
There is a book, two pens on the desk.
There are two pens, a book on the desk.
三. 就近原则
即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )近它的词语。如果连词or、either or、neither nor、not only but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
如：Either you or I am mad.